U.S. patent number 3,565,287 [Application Number 04/759,352] was granted by the patent office on 1971-02-23 for beverage dispensing and measuring unit.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Johnston Enterprises. Invention is credited to Mack S. Johnston.
United States Patent |
3,565,287 |
|
February 23, 1971 |
BEVERAGE DISPENSING AND MEASURING UNIT
Abstract
The dispensing unit has a cylindrical container carrying a
free-floating piston movable between opposite ends of the
container. A four-way, two-position valve communicates with a
beverage source under pressure, a beverage dispensing faucet and a
pair of conduits which connect at opposite ends of the container.
When the valve is shifted to one position, beverage flows from the
beverage source through the valve into one end of the container and
displaces the piston toward the opposite end of the container to
drive the beverage from the container through the valve to the
faucet. When the valve is shifted to the other position, beverage
flows through the valve into the opposite end of the container to
displace the piston back to its original position and discharge
beverage from the container through the valve to the faucet.
Inventors: |
Mack S. Johnston (Rolling
Hills, CA) |
Assignee: |
Johnston Enterprises (Inc.,
Kalispell)
|
Family
ID: |
25055335 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/759,352 |
Filed: |
September 12, 1968 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
222/26;
222/249 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G01F
11/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G01F
11/04 (20060101); G01F 11/02 (20060101); B67d
005/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;222/26.28,28,38,76,(Inquired),25,26,30,249,250 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Robert B. Reeves
Assistant Examiner: Hadd S. Lane
Attorney, Agent or Firm: LeBlanc & Shur
Claims
I claim:
1. Apparatus for dispensing a measured quantity of beer under
pressure comprising; a beer keg, a tapping unit for said keg, an
outlet conduit, a source of fluid under pressure in communication
with said tapping unit for driving the beer in said keg through
said tapping unit into said conduit, a cylinder, a piston movable
in said cylinder between the opposite ends thereof, a valve in
communication with said outlet conduit, a pair of conduits
connecting said valve to opposite ends of said cylinder, dispensing
means connected to said valve, manual means for selectively moving
said valve between first and second positions, said valve in said
first position providing communication between said keg and one end
of the cylinder and between the other end of said cylinder and said
dispensing means, said valve in said second position providing
communication between said keg and the other cylinder end and
between the one cylinder end and said dispensing means, said piston
being movable when said valve lies in said first position from said
one cylinder end to the other cylinder end in response to the flow
of beer into said one cylinder end to drive beer from the other
cylinder end to said dispensing means, said piston being movable
when said valve lies in said second position from said other
cylinder end to said one cylinder end in response to the flow of
beer into the other cylinder end to drive beer from the one
cylinder end to said dispensing means, means for counting the
number of times beer is dispensed from the opposite ends of said
cylinder including a pair of digital counters for totalizing the
number of times the piston moves to opposite ends of said cylinder,
a pair of movable elements projecting within said cylinder at
opposite ends thereof in the path of movement of said piston
whereby said elements are selectively movable by said piston in
response to its movement toward opposite ends of said cylinder,
each of said elements being connected in driving relation to an
associated counter, each of said counters being stepped one digit
in response to movement of its associated element.
Description
The present invention relates to a dispensing unit for beverages
under pressure and particularly relates to a device for dispensing
a measured quantity of a beverage under pressure.
In the dispensing art, beverages under pressure are often
discharged through a faucet which is controlled by a two-position
valve. For example, in dispensing beer through a tap, beer under
pressure from one or more kegs is supplied to a faucet. A valve is
provided in the faucet and a handle is movable between positions
opening and closing the valve whereby the beer may be selectively
dispensed through the faucet. A measured quantity of beer issuing
from the faucet cannot accurately be obtained by manual operation
of the valve handle in the usual fashion.
By providing a container, for example an eight or ten ounce glass,
below the faucet and filling the container to the top or the
indicated level in the usual manner, only an imprecise quantity of
beer can be obtained. In most instances, repeated manipulation of
the valve is necessary to obtain even this imprecise quantity of
beer. Moreover, overfilling the glass or container receiving the
beer such that it overflows or fills the container beyond the
indicated level is both wasteful and uneconomical.
It has thus been found desirable to provide a dispensing unit for
dispensing a measured quantity of a beverage under pressure. In the
past, timing devices have been employed for maintaining dispensing
valves open for a predetermined time. The quantity of beverage
actually dispensed by devices of this type, however, is subject to
the flow rate of the beverage through the faucet which may vary
with varying pressure and other operating conditions. An
electrically actuated device has been developed for dispensing a
measured quantity of beverage under pressure but this device is
rather complex, expensive, and relies on an external power source.
This latter type device, moreover, is generally not readily
adaptable to existing beverage dispensing systems.
The present invention provides a device for dispensing a measured
quantity of a beverage under pressure which minimizes the
above-discussed and other shortcomings of prior quantity controlled
dispensing units and provides various advantages in construction,
mode of operation and result over such prior units. Generally, this
is accomplished by providing a cylindrical container carrying a
free-floating piston movable between opposite ends of the container
and a four-way, two-position valve for providing a beverage under
pressure to the container and selectively discharging the beverage
from opposite ends of the container to a dispensing faucet. The
valve has an inlet connected to a beverage supply, an outlet
connected to the dispensing faucet and a pair of conduits in
communication with opposite ends of the container. In use, the
valve is shifted to one position permitting beverage under pressure
to flow from the beverage supply through the valve to one end of
the container and thereby to drive the piston toward the opposite
end of the container. Movement of the piston toward the opposite
container end displaces the beverage in that end of the container
through the other conduit and through the valve to the dispensing
faucet while the one end of the container is being filled with the
beverage. By shifting the valve to the other position, beverage
under pressure from the beverage source flows through the valve and
into the opposite end of the container to drive the piston toward
the one container end displacing the beverage in the one container
end through the one conduit and valve to the faucet. The container
and piston, when at either end of the container, define chambers of
like predetermined volume which are completely emptied of beverage
by the reciprocating movement of the piston whereby a measured
quantity of beverage is dispensed from the faucet for each piston
displacement.
The beverage under pressure provides the sole motive force for
reciprocating the piston and displacing the beer from the container
to the faucet. Merely by shifting the valve to one position or the
other, a measured quantity of beverage is obtained and this without
requiring further attention by the operator to the dispensing unit.
An additional feature hereof provides a pair of counters at
opposite ends of the containers. As the piston is arrested against
each container end, it engages a pin which actuates the counter to
indicate that a measured quantity of beverage has been drawn. Thus,
by summing the counter indications, the number of measured
quantities or glasses of beverage drawn can be readily
computed.
Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to
provide an improved device for dispensing a measured quantity of a
beverage under pressure.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a device
for dispensing a measured quantity of beverage under pressure which
is readily and easily adaptable to existing beverage dispensing
systems.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a
device for dispensing a measured quantity of a beverage under
pressure which is operated by pressure subsisting in the dispensing
system.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a device
for dispensing a measured quantity of beverage under pressure which
is easy to operate, has a minimum number of moving parts, is
economical to manufacture, and repeatedly provides a like measured
quantity of beverage.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a
device for dispensing a measured quantity of a beverage under
pressure wherein the number of beverage units dispensed can be
readily and accurately counted.
These and further objects and advantages of the present invention
will become more apparent upon reference to the following
specification, claims and appended drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a beverage dispensing system
employing a beverage dispensing and measuring unit constructed in
accordance with the present invention; and
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the beverage
dispensing and measuring unit hereof with parts broken out and in
cross section for ease of illustration.
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is schematically illustrated a
general arrangement of a beverage dispensing system employing the
dispensing and measuring unit hereof, which arrangement comprises a
beverage source under pressure indicated at 10 which may be a
conventional beer keg. It will be understood that the reference
herein to beer and associated tapping apparatus for dispensing the
beer is by way of example only and that the dispensing and
measuring unit of the present invention may be employed with other
apparatus for dispensing other types of beverages under pressure.
Keg 10 may comprise a conventional beer keg which is pressurized by
gas from a gas pressure source 11, the gas communicating with the
gas inlet passage of a keg tapping unit 12 of a conventional type
via a gas feed line 13. A beer dispensing outlet conduit 14 is
suitably connected at one end to the beer outlet passage of tapping
unit 12 and, at its opposite end, to a four-way, two-position valve
generally indicated at 16, which forms a portion of the dispensing
and measuring unit hereof schematically illustrated at D. Valve 16
communicates with a controlled volume dispensing container
indicated at 18 which cooperates with valves 16 in a manner to be
described, to dispense a predetermined or measured quantity of beer
through a beer dispensing conduit 20 to a faucet 22.
Referring now to FIG. 2, container 18 is generally cylindrical in
shape and carries a free-floating piston 24 which is freely movable
between opposite ends of the container. An O-ring seal 26,
preferably formed of an inert plastic material, is carried about
piston 24 within a suitable groove whereby the chambers on opposite
sides of the piston 24 and within container 18 are sealed one from
the other. The piston 24 is illustrated at one end of the container
and the face 24a of piston 24, together with the opposite end and
cylindrical sidewalls of container 18, define a chamber V having a
predetermined or measured volume. When piston 24 is displaced to
the opposite end of container 18, in a manner as will presently
become clear, the face 24b of piston 24, together with the other
end and cylindrical sidewalls of container 18 define a chamber of
like volume as the illustrated chamber.
Valve 16 comprises an outer casing 28 housing a rotary element 30
having a pair of arcuate passages 32 and 34. Casing 28 has four
nipples 35, 36, 37 and 38 spaced thereabout and element 30 is
rotatable by a handle 39 to alternately provide communication
between nipples 35, 38 and 36, 37 via passages 32 and 34,
respectively or between nipples 35, 36 and 37, 38 via passages 32
and 34 respectively when the element 30 is shifted to the dashed
line position shown in FIG. 2.
A pair of conduits 40 and 42 are connected at one end to valve 16
as at nipples 35 and 37 respectively. The opposite ends of conduits
40 and 42 are connected to the opposite ends of container 18
through the end walls thereof as at 44 and 46 respectively. With
valve 16 disposed in the full line position illustrated in FIG. 2,
it will be seen that free communication is provided between keg 10
and the lower end of container 18 via conduit 14, valve passage 34,
and conduit 42. The opposite end of container 18 is in
communication with faucet 22 via conduits 40, valve passage 32, and
conduit 20. By rotating the valve element 30 counterclockwise to
the position illustrated by the dashed lines in FIG.. 2, the keg 10
is placed in communication with the upper end of container 18 via
conduit 14, valve passage 32 and conduit 40. Simultaneously, the
lower end of container 18 is placed in communication with faucet 22
via conduit 42, valve passage 32 and conduit 20.
In use, it will be seen that with valve element 30 in either rotary
position, the beer under pressure from keg 10 and communicating
with container 18 through one or the other of conduits 40 or 42
displaces piston 24 to the opposite end of container 18 and fills
the chamber thus formed with beer. For example, with the lower
chamber filled with beer and the valve lying in the full line
position, as illustrated in FIG. 2, a measured quantity of beer can
be provided faucet 22 by shifting valve 16 to its other position
(the dashed line position). In this fashion, beer under pressure is
admitted to the upper end of container 18 via conduit 14, valve
passage 32, and conduit 40 and this displaces piston 24 toward the
opposite end of container 18. By thus shifting valve 16 to the
illustrated dashed line position, the beer in the chamber fronting
piston face 24a is placed in communication with faucet 22 via
conduit 42, valve passage 34, and conduit 20 and the driving action
of piston 24 toward the opposite end of the container dispenses the
beer in this chamber through faucet 22. As the beer is displaced
from this latter chamber, beer is flowing from keg 10 into the
chamber fronting piston face 24b on the opposite side of piston 24
until piston 24 is restrained from further movement against the
opposite container end. It will be seen that the quantity of beer
discharged is the same as the volume of beer in the chamber. With
the valve remaining in the dashed line position, further discharge
of beer from container 18 is precluded.
To dispense the next measured quantity of beer from the dispensing
unit hereof, the operator shifts the valve to its second or full
line position as seen in FIG. 2. In this manner, the beer in the
chamber fronting face 24b of piston 24 is placed in communication
with faucet 22 via conduit 40, valve passage 32 and conduit 20.
Additionally, beer under pressure is provided the chamber fronting
face 24a of piston 24 via conduit 14, valve passage 34 and conduit
42 and drives piston 24 toward the opposite end of container 18.
This driving action displaces the beer in the chamber fronting
piston face 24b through conduit 40, valve passage 32, and conduit
20 through the faucet 22 whereby a like measured quantity of beer
is dispensed. When the piston 24 is completely displaced, a
predetermined quantity of beer is again located in the chamber
fronting piston face 24a which beer is maintained under the usual
line pressure ready for discharge through faucet 22 upon the next
shift of valve 16. Piston 24 is thus reciprocated by the beer under
pressure and a measured quantity of beer is dispensed on each
piston stroke. This is accomplished moreover without the employment
of an external power source apart from the gas pressure source
normally used in beer tapping systems.
An additional feature hereof provides for counters 48 suitably
mounted at opposite ends of container 18 whereby the number of
measured units of beer dispensed can be computed. To this end, pins
50 are slidably received through end walls of container 18 and
project slightly beyond the end walls within container 18. In this
manner, the displacement of piston 24 against either end of
container 18 displaces the associated pin 32 outwardly. Counters 40
are responsive to the outward displacement of the associated pin 32
to step a counting device one digit. Any suitable type of counters
well known in the art may be employed for this purpose and it will
be appreciated that springs, not shown, bias pins 50 inwardly such
that the pins return to a normal position extending within
container 18 beyond the associated end wall.
Thus, the sum of the counter indications at opposite ends of
container 18 indicates the number of measured units of beer drawn.
It will of course be appreciated that a single counter at one end
of the container could be employed with the counter set to advance
two digits for each displacement of its pin 50 such that a direct
reading could be obtained. Alternatively, the counter could advance
by one digit for each displacement of its associated pin 32 whereby
the actual number of measured units of beer drawn would be twice
the counter indication.
The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without
departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The
present embodiment is therefore to be considered in all respects as
illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being
indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing
description, and all changes which come within the meaning and
range of equivalence of the claims are therefore intended to be
embraced therein.
* * * * *