U.S. patent number 3,564,984 [Application Number 04/800,196] was granted by the patent office on 1971-02-23 for highway marker.
Invention is credited to Robert C. Alexander, 16608 Elm Drive.
United States Patent |
3,564,984 |
|
February 23, 1971 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
HIGHWAY MARKER
Abstract
A highway marker comprises a delineator unit and a base unit.
The base unit is adhesively secured to a flat surface along the
highway so as to indicate the side of the road, thereby serving as
a guide for a motorists and maintenance workers. The delineator
unit is separable from the base unit and replacement is easily
achieved if necessary.
Inventors: |
Robert C. Alexander, 16608 Elm
Drive (Hopkins, MN 55343) |
Family
ID: |
25177726 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/800,196 |
Filed: |
February 18, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
359/551;
248/205.3; 248/310; 403/348; 116/63R; 248/207; 404/9 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E01F
9/638 (20160201); E01F 9/692 (20160201); E01F
9/669 (20160201); Y10T 403/7005 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
E01F
9/018 (20060101); E01F 9/012 (20060101); E01F
9/03 (20060101); E01F 9/011 (20060101); E01c
023/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;94/1.5 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Nile C. Byers, Jr.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Dugger, Peterson, Johnson &
Westman
Claims
I claim:
1. A highway marker comprising a disc member residing in a first
plane, delineator means projecting from one side of said disc
member, and a plurality of angularly spaced anchor fingers secured
to the other side of said disc member in a second plane generally
parallel to said first plane, a concavo-convex shell including a
bottom peripheral edge, a platform in a plane offset upwardly from
the plane of said peripheral edge, said platform having a plurality
of angularly spaced notches for the accommodation of said fingers
and intermediate locking lugs for engaging the upper sides of said
fingers when said fingers are rotated out of registry with said
notches, and rib means laterally outward of said notches and lugs
and extending from beneath the lower surface of said shell into the
plane of said peripheral edge providing adhesive-receiving
pockets.
2. A highway marker in accordance with claim 1 in which said rib
means includes a circular rib circumjacent said notches and lugs
and a plurality of additional ribs between said cylindrical rib and
said bottom peripheral edge.
3. A highway marker in accordance with claim 2 in which said
additional ribs extend longitudinally and transversely.
4. A highway marker in accordance with claim 1 in which said
delineator means includes a flat panel having a reflectorized
surface on at least one side thereof nd said plurality of fingers
includes a first pair of oppositely directed fingers and a second
pair of oppositely directed fingers extending in a 90.degree.
relationship with said first pair, whereby said panel may be
disposed in at least two perpendicularly oriented positions
depending upon the angular orientation of said fingers.
5. A highway marker comprising a delineator unit including a disc
member residing in a first plane, a mast projecting from one side
of said disc member, and a plurality of angularly spaced anchor
fingers secured to the other side of said disc member in a second
plane generally parallel to said first plane, and a base unit
having a peripheral edge residing in a third plane generally
parallel to said first and second planes so as to permit said base
unit to be adhesively secured to a substantially flat surface along
the highway, said base unit further including a platform disposed
in a fourth plane intermediate said first and second planes, said
platform having angularly spaced notches for the accommodation of
said fingers and intermediate locking lugs for engaging said
fingers when rotated out of registry with the notches, each locking
lug haVing a pair of rounded projections formed on the side thereof
toward said peripheral edge and spaced apart a distance sufficient
to accommodate therebetween a respective finger, said fingers
having a curved surface so as to cam over said rounded projections
when being rotated into a position therebetween.
6. A highway marker in accordance with claim 5 including a circular
wall surrounding said platform, said wall extending away from said
platform a distance generally equal to the thickness of said disc
member.
7. A highway marker in accordance with claim 6 in which said disc
member projects radially beyond the end of said fingers and said
platform has an annular seal against which said disc member
bears.
8. A highway marker in accordance with claim 7 including a shell,
said platform and peripheral edge being integral with said shell,
and said shell having a plurality of ribs forming recesses for the
accommodation of adhesive.
Description
This invention relates generally to highway markers, and pertains
more particularly to a marker in which the delineator unit can be
readily detached from the base unit.
Various types of highway markers have been devised in the past.
Most of them have been portable for warning motorists of
construction work. However, reflectors have been permanently
mounted on posts along the roadside, but such reflectors are not
always in the best location for the message they are to convey to
the oncoming traffic.
While the above-alluded to highway markers have been at least
partially satisfactory for their intended purposes, there remains a
need for a marker that can be placed closely adjacent the side of
the highway and also one that can be attached to various surfaces
in order to locate the particular marker where it will do the most
good.
It is within the contemplation of the present invention to utilize
a two-piece highway marker constructed. By having the base unit
adhesively secured to the pavement or other suitable flat surface,
when the delineator unit requires replacement it can easily be
detached by a simple twisting action and a new one substituted in
its stead.
Accordingly, the invention has for one object the provision of a
unit that can be permanently affixed to an appropriate flat surface
and a delineator unit capable of being easily removed when
circumstances so dictate.
Another object of the invention is to minimize the overall cost of
providing highway markers, for if the delineator unit becomes
damaged or broken then only that part need be replaced.
Another object of the invention is to provide a highway marker that
can be attached to a variety of surfaces. In this regard, it is
within the purview of the invention to mount the marker on curbing,
a portion of the pavement, a suitable post, such as a guardrail
post, or to the sheet steel if the guard includes such a barrier.
Also, it is an aim of the invention to allow the base unit to be
angularly oriented in a direction best suited for the particular
surface, especially if the surface is narrow in one direction, and
then allow the delineator unit to be held in the proper position so
that it will be completely visible.
Still further, the invention has for a specific object the locating
of the highway markers along the left side of a roadway so as to
provide a guide for snowplows which equipment usually starts at the
left side and thereafter works over to the right on multiple lane
highways.
A further object is to provide a highway marker which if struck by
a moving vehicle will break in a manner so that it does not
constitute an obstruction. More specifically, the fingers or ears
that anchor the delineator unit to the base unit are made
sufficiently frangible so that they break when the delineator unit
is struck with sufficient force.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a highway marker
that will be of a height particularly suitable for providing a
warning when vehicles are traveling with their low beam headlights
on, this being the majority of the time, and practically all the
time when fog is encountered. Actually, the invention has for an
aim the provision of delineator units of various heights or lengths
so that the particularly reflectorized surface carried thereon will
be at the proper location for the particular duty for which it is
intended.
Another object of the invention is to provide a two-piece highway
marker that will not be vulnerable to freezing conditions. Stated
somewhat differently, it is an aim of the invention to provide a
seal that prevents the entrance of moisture into the cavity portion
of the base unit which would cause breakage from the expansion of
the water when it turns to ice.
Still further, another object of the invention is to provide a
highway marker that will require little or no maintenance, being
virtually self-cleaning by reason of the fact that it can be made
of smooth plastic material that does not readily collect dust and
dirt but which allows whatever dirt that does accumulate to be
washed off when it rains.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a divided highway with a number of
my markers installed therealong, together with a portion of an exit
ramp with still additional markers at the left thereof;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view, greatly enlarged, of one of the
illustrating the markers appearing in FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken in the direction of line 3-3 of
FIGS. 1 and 2 for the purpose of illustrating the construction of
the lower portion of the base unit and the manner in which it is
adhesively held to a flat surface;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the base unit, the view
illustrating the construction of the upper portion thereof; and
FIG. 5 is a perspective view in exploded form of the two units
constituting my highway marker, the view providing an indication of
the way in which the two units are detachably engaged wit each
other.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now in detail to the drawing, my highway marker has been
designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 10, being
composed of a delineator unit 12 and a base unit 14.
Describing first the delineator unit 12, it will be perceived that
this unit includes a disc member 16 and a mast 18 having a flat web
portion 19 and diverging edge flanges 20 integral therewith. The
mast 18 further includes an enlarged panel portion 22 having a
reflectorized surface 24 thereon, preferably having such a surface
on each side thereof. Consequently, it will be appreciated that the
mast 18 extends perpendicularly with respect to the disc member
16.
Referring now to the other face of the disc member 16, it will be
noted that four fingers or ears 26 are angularly spaced from each
other and reside in a plane slightly offset or displaced from the
plane of the disc member 16. The surface of the fingers 26 located
nearer the disc member 16 are rounded at 28 for a purpose presently
to be explained. It will be understood at this time, though, that
the fingers 26 are fixedly held with respect to the disc member 16
by spacing material at 30 in each instance. Hence, when the
delineator unit 12 is made of an appropriate plastic, such as
polyethelene, material at 30 is simply molded integral with the
disc 16 and each of the fingers 26. If desired, a recess may thus
be formed at 34.
Passing now to a description of the base unit 14, it will be
observed that a concavo-convex shell 36, preferably of strong and
tough plastic, such as nylon, has a peripheral edge 38 that resides
in a given plane. Since the shell 36 curves downwardly to form the
peripheral edge 38, there is a concave configuration imparted to
the shell 36 at the side thereof that merges into this edge as is
readily discernible from FIG. 5. To not only strengthen the shell
36 but to provide pockets or recesses for a purpose later made
manifest, a plurality of longitudinal ribs 40 are formed at the
same time that the shell 36 is molded. Further, transverse ribs 42
are also molded into the configuration. In this way, the voids in
between the various ribs 40 and 42 hereinafter pockets that will
receive the adhesive that will hereinafter be referred to and which
adhesive secures the base unit 14 to an appropriate flat surface.
Additionally, circular ribs can be molded into the base unit 14,
such ribs being illustrated in FIG. 5 and identified by the
reference numeral 44. Here again, further pockets are thus formed
which receive therein the adhesive that is to anchor the base unit
to the flat surface. If it is desired to rivet, nail or screw the
shell 36 to the flat surface, the cylindrical ribs 44 will allow
passage of such fastening elements and will at the same time
reinforce these zones that would otherwise be vulnerable to any
impact forces that are developed.
Still another circular or cylindrical rib is formed, this rib being
labeled 46. It is in conjunction with the rib 46 that a platform 48
is formed, the platform 48 being disposed in a plane that is offset
from the plane containing the peripheral edge 38. From FIGS. 4 and
5 it will be seen that the platform 48 contains quandrantly spaced
notches 50 having a width sufficient to allow passage of the
fingers 26 therethrough. Intermediate the notches 50 are inwardly
directed locking lugs 52, each lug 52 having a pair of spaced
rounded or semispherical projections 54 thereon. The purpose of the
projections 54 is to assist in the retention of the fingers 26, the
spacing being such that when the fingers 26 have been rotated to an
angular position between the rounded projections 54, the rounded
projections will prevent inadvertent dislodgement of said fingers
26 and hence resist detachment of the entire unit 12.
Whereas the rounded projections 54 are disposed on one side of the
platform 48, on the other side of the platform 48 is an annular
seal 56, as can be seen from FIG. 4. This seal 56 is only slightly
raised from the general plane of the platform 48. A cylindrical
wall 58 is integral with the shell 36 and it extends above the
general plane of the platform 48 to a distance equaling the
thickness of the disc member 16.
From the information presented above, it should be appreciated that
the delineator unit 12 can be readily attached to the base unit 14
by angularly orienting the fingers 26 so that they are in registry
with the notches 50. Such orientation appears in FIG. 5. Hence,
when the delineator unit 12 is longitudinally advanced in the
direction of the base unit 14, the fingers 26 will move through the
notches 50 until the disc 16 abuts the seal 56, rotation of the
delineator unit 12 then causing the fingers 26 to move angularly
into juxtaposition between the rounded projections 54. It will be
understood that the rounded configuration imparted to the fingers
26 at 28 will cause the fingers 26 to cam or ride over the rounded
projections 54.
At this point, it will be well to point out that the fingers 26 are
somewhat resilient, being able to flex so as to move over the
rounded projections 54. Yet, the fingers 26 are sufficiently thin,
especially when made of polyethylene, so as to be frangible enough
to break if the delineator unit 12 is struck with sufficient force.
In other words, if during actual use a vehicle hits the delineator
unit 12, the fingers 26 will simply break so as to release the
delineator unit 12 from the base 14 and nothing is left to project
upwardly as an obstacle which might puncture a tire.
FIG. 1 has been presented in order to illustrate, at least to some
extent, the versatility of my invention. In FIG. 1 there is
pictured a divided highway 100, the division being achieved by
reason of a curb 102. Also presented in FIG. 1 is a first guardrail
section 104 having vertical posts 106 to which a steel sheet 108 is
secured, the sheet 108 having triangular corrugations 110 with a
flat web 112 therebetween to which base units 14 may be adhesively
attached. A second guardrail 114 also is illustrated in FIG. 1,
being comprised of posts 116 and cables 118 anchored thereto. In
this instance, the base units 16 are attached directly to the posts
116. Still further, FIG. 1 pictures an exit ramp 120 and a shoulder
at 122 to which the various base units 14 may be adhesively
anchored.
Considering FIG. 3 for the moment, it will be observed that this
view is taken in the direction of line 3-3 of FIGS. 1 and 2,
thereby showing a portion of the curb 102. Owing to the various
pockets formed by the ribs 40, 42 and 44, a suitable adhesive 124,
such as epoxy resin, can be confined in such recesses and will
secure by adhesive bonding the entire base unit 14 to the curb
102.
On the other hand, when a guardrail such as 104 is encountered, the
base unit 14 may be adhesively bonded to the flat portion 112
between the corrugations 110 of the steel sheet 108. In a situation
such as this, the base unit 14 would be oriented in the direction
in which it is shown in FIG. 5. In other words, the longer
dimension of the base unit 14 will extend in a parallel direction
with the section 112 of the steel sheet 108.
On the other hand, where a hard shoulder 122 is present, the
particular orientation of the base unit 14 will not really matter.
Hence, longer dimension of the base unit 14 is depicted as being in
a parallel relationship with the web 19 of the mast 18.
Since the highway marker 10 is quite versatile, the manner in which
the orientation of the delineator 12 with respect to the base unit
14 is achieved should be understood. Assuming that the highway
marker 10 is to be anchored to the upper surface of the curb 102,
then the longer dimension of the base unit 14 will extend in the
direction of the curb 102 with the consequence that there will be
no lateral overhang of the base unit 14. When the base unit 14 is
secured, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the delineator unit 12 is
lowered so that the fingers 26 will pass downwardly through the
notches 50. Since the reflectorized surface 24, quite obviously,
should be facing the traffic, the installer only has to turn the
delineator unit 12 in the proper rotative direction so as to cause
the reflectorized surface 24 to extend transversely of the curb
102, this arrangement perhaps being better noted from FIG. 2 than
from FIG. 1.
On the other hand, when the flat surface 112 is to have the base
unit 14 attached thereto, the base unit will be oriented in the
position in which it is illustrated in FIG. 5. Once again, in
attaching the delineator unit 12, one advances the fingers 26 so
that they pass through the notches 50 and then the delineator unit
12 is rotated so as to place the reflectorized surface 24 in a
vertical plane.
The guardrail 114 requires a 90.degree. angular orientation of the
delineator unit 12 with respect to the base unit 14 as compared to
what is required with respect to the curb 102. This enables the
longer dimension of the base unit 14 to be vertically aligned with
the rather narrow posts 116 without overhang to either side.
With respect to the situation involved with the ramp 120 and the
shoulder 122, there exists enough space so that the base unit 14
may be oriented either in the direction in which it appears or at
right angles thereto. In any event, the delineator unit 12 will
then be attached so that the reflectorized surface 24 is facing the
traffic that is exiting via the ramp 120.
The versatility that can be derived from a practicing of the
instant invention cannot be too strenuously emphasized. The highway
markers 10 will find considerable usefulness in outlining the road
boundaries in many instances. One such instance is in guiding
snowplows. Where guardrails are encountered, then the marker will
serve to indicate the existence or presence of the guardrail.
Hence, the surface 24 can be color-coded so as to indicate
different degrees of danger. Even where the marker 10 is disposed
along a curb, such as the curb 102, one side of the enlarged panel
portion 22 can have a reflectorized surface 24 of one color and the
opposite side a different color. Also, the mast 18 may be of any
appropriate length, depending upon the particular role it is to
play. In most instances, particularly where fog is apt to be found,
the mast unit 18 will be quite short, usually on the order of 12
inches, but to put in a longer mast would require only the
detachment of the particular delineator unit 12 from its base unit
14 and a different delineator unit 12 substituted therefore having
a longer mast 18.
* * * * *