U.S. patent number 3,563,242 [Application Number 04/700,576] was granted by the patent office on 1971-02-16 for diaper.
Invention is credited to Bengt Hedstrom, Ebbe Hoden.
United States Patent |
3,563,242 |
Hedstrom , et al. |
February 16, 1971 |
DIAPER
Abstract
A diaper including a thin and flexible, plastic back sheet or
swaddle, which is contoured and dimensioned to enable the person
handling the infant to adjust it about the infant without separate
fastening means, and in which an absorbent pad is removably
inserted. The pad comprises one or more covering sheets enclosing
wadding having a barrier sheet of liquid-resistant material for
enhancing the uniform distribution of fluid through the
wadding.
Inventors: |
Hedstrom; Bengt (Vallingby,
SW), Hoden; Ebbe (Stockholm, SW) |
Family
ID: |
24814038 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/700,576 |
Filed: |
January 25, 1968 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
604/372; 604/375;
604/392; 604/378 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61F
13/505 (20130101); A61F 13/53704 (20130101); A61F
13/76 (20130101); A61F 13/53708 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61F
13/15 (20060101); A61F 13/56 (20060101); A61F
13/76 (20060101); A61f 013/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/284,287,290 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gaudet; Richard A.
Assistant Examiner: Dunne; G. F.
Claims
We claim:
1. A disposable pad for a diaper consisting of:
a. an outer tubular covering comprising a porous, nonwoven,
cellulosic sheet material treated with a hydrophobic substance to
increase its wet strength while maintaining its liquid permeable
characteristics;
b. liquid absorbent wadding comprising at least two layers of
fluffed cellulosic material;
c. a liquid barrier sheet composed of a hydrophobic sheet material
and interposed between and separating the layers of said
wadding;
d. at least one ply of moisture absorbent sheet material interposed
between said wadding and said tubular outer covering; and
e. the opposite end portions of said tubular covering being
compressed to be substantially flatter than the remainder of said
pad.
2. A diaper comprising:
a. a disposable pad as claimed in Claim 1;
b. a swaddle sheet of thin, flexible, liquid-impervious material;
and
c. said swaddle sheet being notched, having two lateral pairs of
oppositely extending integral tie ends to provide leg openings for
the infant when the swaddle sheet is adjusted about the infant, and
being contoured and dimensioned so as to permit the opposite
longitudinal edges thereof to be folded over the end portions of
the pad and to permit the integral tie ends to be pulled about the
infant and tied together adjacent the hip portion.
Description
This invention relates to diapers and more particularly to a type
which has its parts or elements composed of such materials that the
diaper can be disposed of in whole or in part after soiling.
Many disposable diapers as previously known have, because of the
necessity of manufacturing them of relatively expensive materials,
been so constructed that the full protection required was not often
obtained. Moreover, some of the materials used, particularly for
the outer cover or top sheet of the diaper, such as a coated,
moisture-resistant paper, were stiff and relatively heavy and
sometimes presented edges which, when unprotected, were likely to
cause irritation or injury to the tender skin of the infant.
The absorbent padding sometimes used in prior disposable diapers,
allowed the spreading of the body fluids and often leakage occurred
so that protective means additional to the diaper were often
required and were found uncomfortable particularly in warm
weather.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a
diaper that can be disposed of in whole or in part when soiled
since the materials of which it is composed are relatively
inexpensive.
Another object of the invention is to provide a diaper composed of
materials which will not cause irritation or chafing of the skin of
the infant, and which diaper requires no separate fastening devices
such as pins or tapes which sometimes cause irritation and injury
to the child.
A further object is to provide a diaper which is composed of
nonwoven materials which do not cause chafing, particularly when
liquid-saturated.
It is still another object of the invention to provide a protective
diaper pad that is provided with a liquid-absorbent wadding or
"fluff" and with a barrier means interposed between layers of the
wadding and effective to insure relatively uniform liquid
distribution throughout the pad.
With these and other objects to be hereinafter set forth in view,
we have devised the arrangements of parts and materials to be
described and more particularly pointed out in the claims appended
hereto.
In the accompanying drawing, wherein an illustrative embodiment is
disclosed:
FIG. 1 is a face view, looking at the inner face of the diaper,
while the same is in a flat position;
FIG. 2 is a face view of the pad, with portions thereof
fragmentarily shown;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view, taken substantially on the line 3-3 of
FIG. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view, taken substantially on the line 4-4 of
FIG. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows; and
FIG. 5 shows the diaper in place on a child.
Referring to the drawing and particularly to FIG. 1 thereof, the
diaper 1 therein shown, includes a thin flexible back sheet or
swaddle indicated at 8. The back sheet or swaddle has what might be
called an "hour glass" contour.
The pad 11, which will hereinafter be described in detail, is
placed transversely along the waist of the swaddle which is so
dimensioned that it extends beyond the perimetric limits of the
pad. The portions of the swaddle extending beyond the length of the
pad are turned over the opposite ends of the pad as indicated by
the dotted lines in FIG. 1. The swaddle when folded transversely on
a line extending between the two opposed tie ends 6 and 7, openings
2 and 3, a front panel 4 and a rear panel 5 are formed. The infant
is positioned in sitting position on the flat swaddle and pad, and
the tie ends 6 and 7 are pulled about the infant's legs and tied
about the hips, as shown at 20 in FIG. 5, to form a snug and
comfortable fit about the infant and conforms the pad to its
anatomy and hold it firmly in position in soothing contact with the
skin.
The back sheet or swaddle 8 comprises a thin, low-density, opaque,
polyethylene web, which is contoured and dimensioned as indicated,
which makes it applicable to infants in different stages of
development and size.
The pad, which is indicated generally at 11, may be in the form of
an elongated, flattened roll which is closed at its opposite ends
by being crimped and/or heat sealed as shown at 12 and 13, these
ends being inserted under the inturned strip portions 9 and 10 of
the back sheet or swaddle 8 when the diaper is made ready for
application to the infant.
The pad 11 is located in the central part of the back sheet or
swaddle 8 against the inside face thereof and the pad covers the
portion of the infant's anatomy from which the emanation of fluid
occurs and is captured by the pad.
The pad comprises a top sheet 15 or envelop which may consist of
any compliant, soft-feeling, porous, hydrophobic paper or other
nonwoven fabric web. An example of a nonwoven fabric sheet, that is
particularly suitable, is a rayon fabric of about 1.5 to 3 deniers
impregnated with a thermoplastic binder, such as for example,
copolymers of an ester of acrylic acid. For best results,
surfactants should be minimal in the binder emulsion and avoided in
the final bath. This covering 15 of the pad is liquid permeable and
serves to disperse the liquid throughout the pad thus avoiding the
undue collection or pooling of the body fluid in certain parts of
the pad, but rather assuring its uniform spread or dispersion
through the pad.
Contained within the pad is a wadding or filling 14 which fills the
interior of the pad but not to an extent to deform the pad from its
desired normally relatively flat condition. The wadding or filling
14 as shown in the illustrated in the embodiment comprises layers
confined within the covering 15. Interposed between the layers of
the filling is a barrier sheet 16. This barrier may consist of a
polyvinyl chloride sheet; it may also be a sheet of cellulosic
material similar to that of the top sheet 15. In the latter case,
it should be impregnated with a plastic or resinous material, such
as polyvinyl chloride, or melamine, carbamide or phenol
formaldehyde resins, in a proportion to increase its wet strength
without affecting its moisture absorbent characteristics.
The barrier sheet, in addition to serving the purpose of diffusing
the liquid throughout the "fluff", also serves the purpose of
reinforcing the "fluff." The wadding or "fluff" consists of one or
more layers, two being shown, of bleached, dry-drained pulp,
preferably bleached sulfite pulp. The approximate amount of the
"fluff" in each pad may be about 32 to 33 grams. The layers of the
filling may be adhesively or otherwise adherently attached to the
inner surface of the top sheet 15 of the pad.
In addition to enhancing the spread of liquid throughout the
"fluff," the moisture-resistant barrier sheet 16 also serves to
reinforce the wadding, to prevent bunching, etc. The crimped ends
of the pad may be sealed by compressing the several layers under
heat and pressure. Additional adhesive may be used, if found
necessary.
The diaper pad, constructed as above described, is soft and
compliant; the materials employed are relatively inexpensive so
that the pad is discarded when soiled. The material of which the
pad is made also disintegrates fairly rapidly when submerged in
liquid, which expedites the disposal process. On the other hand,
the swaddle may be retained as a cover or wrap for other pads, if
the circumstances should not require immediate replacement.
The embodiment shown in the drawing includes also two plies of
sheet material 15a and 15b between the top sheet 15 and the wadding
or "fluff" 14. These sheets preferably consist of cellulosic paper
which enhances the absorption of the moisture originally captured
by the top sheet 15, and which tends to diffuse it uniformly over
the entire area of the pad. The long cellulose fibers act as
distributing paths for the moisture and prevent collection of
liquid in hollows that may be formed in the pad when folded about
the body of the infant. The cellulosic fiber material is very thin
and the weight thereof is on the order of 28 grams per square
meter. Thus, the inclusion of the intermediate sheets does not add
substantially to the total weight of the pad.
The pad according to the invention is approximately 39 cm long, and
thus the weight of each ply would be only about 2 1/2 grams. It has
been found that one ply might be sufficient, but it should be
understood that the more plies, the more the diffusion will be
enhanced. However, the number of plies will naturally increase the
weight of the pad slightly and the cost of manufacture, and
consequently the choice of plies should be made with consideration
to the cost in relationship to the increased advantage. The total
weight of the pad is on the order of 38 to 40 grams.
The maintenance of the garment around the body of a a child by the
tying together of the tie ends of the swaddle as shown in FIG. 5,
avoids the use of pins, clips, tapes and other fastening elements
normally used and which often cause injury to the child.
Having thus described an embodiment of the invention, it is obvious
that the same is not to be restricted thereto, but is broad enough
to cover all structures coming within the scope of the annexed
claims.
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