U.S. patent number 3,561,542 [Application Number 04/808,925] was granted by the patent office on 1971-02-09 for control system for rock drills.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Gardner-Denver Company. Invention is credited to Laurence B. Hanson, Arthur W. Wallace.
United States Patent |
3,561,542 |
Hanson , et al. |
February 9, 1971 |
CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ROCK DRILLS
Abstract
An automatic control system for a guide shell-mounted rock drill
including a control circuit having pneumatically operated valves
for providing pressure fluid to the drill hammer, rotation motor
and feed motor and for controlling drill hole flushing medium.
Sensors mounted on the drill guide shell provide for reversal of
the feed motor and reduced drill power upon reaching the forward
end of the guide shell, and shutdown of the drill upon reaching the
rearward end of the guide shell. The control circuit includes a
series of control valves for selection, at will, by the drill
operator of a particular operating sequence or condition of the
drill. A control valve is included for providing an operating
sequence which includes operation of the drill at reduced power for
a predetermined period of time for collaring a drill hole. The
control system also includes pressure proportioning valves for
automatically regulating the feed motor pressure to be proportional
to the drill percussion motor supply pressure.
Inventors: |
Hanson; Laurence B. (Pine,
CO), Wallace; Arthur W. (Denver, CO) |
Assignee: |
Gardner-Denver Company (Quincy,
IL)
|
Family
ID: |
25200135 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/808,925 |
Filed: |
March 20, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
173/1; 173/77;
408/130; 173/5; 173/112 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E21B
1/30 (20200501); E21B 44/06 (20130101); Y10T
408/6757 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
E21B
44/06 (20060101); E21B 44/00 (20060101); E21B
1/30 (20060101); E21B 1/00 (20060101); E21c
005/08 (); E21c 005/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;173/1--11,19 ;91/37,35
;77/32.5,32.8 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Purser; Ernest R.
Claims
We claim:
1. An improved operating cycle for a rock drill to drill a hole in
rock or the like comprising:
providing a rock-drilling apparatus including a pressure fluid
operated rock drill movably mounted on a support and operable to
actuate a hollow drill steel, and a pressure fluid operated feed
motor operable to feed said drill reversibly along said support,
the operating cycle comprising;
supplying pressure fluid to said drill and said feed motor at
reduced pressure for a predetermined period of time for collaring
said hole;
automatically supplying pressure fluid to said drill at
substantially supply pressure at the expiration of said collaring
time period and simultaneously supplying pressure fluid to said
feed motor to feed said drill forwardly for drilling a hole to a
predetermined depth;
supplying flushing liquid to said hollow drill steel during
collaring and drilling of said hole;
automatically supplying pressure fluid to said feed motor to
retract said drill along said support upon completion of the
drilling of said hole and simultaneously supplying pressure fluid
to said hollow drill steel, and upon retraction of said drill a
predetermined distance along said support interrupting the supply
of pressure fluid to said feed motor.
2. The operating cycle set forth in claim 1 together with the step
comprising: automatically delaying, for a predetermined time
period, the supplying of pressure fluid to said feed motor to
retract said drill upon completion of the drilling of said hole,
and continuing the supply of flushing liquid to said drill steel
during said predetermined time delay.
3. The operating cycle set forth in claim 1 wherein: the supply of
pressure fluid to said feed motor during drilling of said hole is
automatically maintained proportional to the pressure of said fluid
supplied to said drill.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In underground mining and tunnel construction it is common practice
to drill blast holes with multiple rock drill units commonly known
in the art as jumbos. Jumbos usually comprise a plurality of
pressure fluid operated percussion rock drills slidably mounted on
elongated supports known as guide shells which in turn are mounted
on positionable booms. Operation of the rock drills is normally
controlled from a remote operator station or control panel mounted
on a vehicle or undercarriage carrying the boom and drill
assemblies.
Heretofore control of plural drills has been largely a manual
operation carried out by manipulation of a number of control valves
located on the operator control panel to feed and retract the
drills along their respective guide shells and to regulate feed
pressure and drill motor impact and rotation. As the number of
drills mounted on a jumbo is increased, it becomes difficult for an
operator to monitor and control all drills simultaneously and
accordingly drilling rates decrease and efficiency is impaired. It
therefore becomes desirable to provide an automatic control system
for each drill so that a greater number of drills can be monitored
by one operator.
An example of an automatic control system for a guide shell-mounted
rock drill is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,381,761 to C.A. Hansson.
In addition to the automatic functions performed by the Hansson
system it is desirable to provide for operating the drill at
reduced percussion motor impact power, feed rate, and drill steel
rotation rate at the beginning of the drilling cycle to collar or
spot the hole.
Another problem associated with the operation of a guide
shell-mounted drill is the regulation of the feed force to prevent
overfeeding or underfeeding the drill during penetration of the
rock face. In large mines and tunneling operations the pressure
fluid supply systems from which jumbo units operate are often
subject to supply pressure fluctuations which in turn make
necessary the adjustment of the supply pressure to the feed motor
to keep the feed rate of the drill at a proportional rate relative
to the drill percussion motor power which will prevent overfeeding
or underfeeding of the drill.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides for a rock-drilling apparatus having
a control system which is operable to control automatically a
predetermined operating cycle of the drill. The control system of
the present invention provides for an operating cycle which
commences with operation of the drill percussion motor, feed motor,
and drill steel rotation motor at reduced power for a predetermined
period of time to collar or spot a hole. After the collaring
operation is completed, the drill is automatically fed to the
desired hole depth, then retracted along the support while
operating at reduced power, and finally shut off upon being fully
retracted along the support.
The present invention also provides for control valve means which
may be actuated to provide for continuous operation at reduced
power to the drill. The present invention also provides for control
means operable to provide full power to the drill percussion motor
at any phase of the drill operating cycle, reversing of the drill
feed motor at any point in the forward feed phase of the operating
cycle, and stopping all functions at any phase in the drill
operating cycle.
An important aspect of the present invention is the provision of
valve means for automatically maintaining a regulated pressure to a
drill feed motor which is proportional to the drill percussion
motor supply pressure to prevent underfeeding or overfeeding the
drill due to variations in pressure of the working fluid supply
system.
Another aspect of the present invention is the provision of
automatic time delay means operable to delay the retraction of the
drill upon completion of the drill hole until sufficient hole
cleansing medium has been provided to flush the drill hole
completely free of drill cuttings which could interfere with
removal of the drill steel and bit, and so that a clean hole is
provided for ease in placing blasting charges therein.
The apparatus of the present invention further provides for an
improved method of drilling blast holes wherein a complete cycle
comprising collaring, drilling, cleaning the hole, and withdrawal
of the drill steel is accomplished automatically with predetermined
time intervals for the collaring and hole cleaning phases.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 comprise a schematic view of the automatic
control system and are intended to be read together.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an enclosure for the pilot operated
supply valves.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a proportional
pressure regulator valve for controlling pressure to a rock drill
feed motor.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an alternate embodiment of a
proportional pressure regulator valve.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The schematic representation of the automatic control system shown
in FIGS. 1 and 2 is for the purpose of ease in understanding the
circuitry of the system. Generally, diagrams of valve and flow
control elements are in accordance with accepted standards for
graphic symbols for fluid power diagramming. Exceptions have been
made for nonstandard components and where standard symbols are not
particularly descriptive.
Referring to FIG. 1 an elongated drill support 10 is shown having
slidably mounted thereon a pressure fluid operated rock drill 12.
The rock drill 12 includes a fluid operated rotation motor 14
operable to rotate a hollow drill steel 16. The rock drill 12 is of
a well-known type which operates to deliver percussion blows to the
drill steel 16 by means of a fluid actuated percussion motor 17
housed within the drill. The drill 12 is operable to use compressed
air as the working fluid although the present control system with
obvious modifications could be used with hydraulic-working fluid.
The drill support 10 also includes a fluid operated feed motor 18
which is operable to feed the drill 12 reversibly along the support
10 by one of several well-known mechanisms, not shown.
A portion of the automatic control system of the instant invention
is diagrammatically shown as being contained in an enclosure 20
which could take many forms. One practical embodiment of such an
enclosure is described later herein in some detail.
The enclosure 20 has a main pressure air supply conduit 22 (see
FIG. 2) leading from a source, not shown, into a first supply valve
26 having a position a and a position b. All two position valves
will be designated as having a position a and position b. As an
example to define the symbols, the valve 26 has a spring actuator
26a to maintain the position a and a pilot actuator 26b to maintain
the position b when energized with pressure fluid. When pressure
fluid is exhausted from the pilot actuator to deenergize the valve
the spring actuator returns the valve to the position a. Quite
conceivably, the pilot actuated valves of FIG. 1 could have pilot
actuators using a hydraulic or electric signal if the control
circuit were so designed to operate with these mediums. Numeral 28
designates the flow restrictor and conduit which comprises an
internal pilot supply for pilot actuator 26b. A conduit 30 leads
from supply valve 26 through an adjustable flow control valve 32 to
the drill rotation motor 14. The main supply air conduit 22 has a
branch 34 which supplies a second supply valve 36 comprising means
to supply the drill 12 with fluid at substantially supply pressure.
The valve 36 is also pilot air actuated and has an internal pilot
conduit. The branch 34 is also in communication via conduit 38 with
a third pilot actuated supply valve 40 having an internal pilot
conduit. The valve 40 comprises means for operating the drill and
feed motor in the reverse condition. Also mounted in the enclosure
20 is a two-position pilot-actuated valve 42 for controlling the
supply of drill hole-flushing water to the drill via conduits 44
and 46. Drill hole-flushing water is supplied internally through
the drill 12 to the hollow drill steel 16 in a manner
well-known.
The enclosure 20 further includes valves 48 and 50 which comprise
proportional pressure regulator means for regulating pressure fluid
to the feed motor. Valves 48 and 50 are shown schematically in FIG.
1 and structurally in FIGS. 4 and 5. A forward feed supply valve 52
which is pilot actuated to be in positions a or b is also included
in the enclosure 20.
FIG. 1 also illustrates schematically a front position sensing
element comprising a two-position mechanically actuated valve 54
having an actuator 54b engageable by the projection 56 on the drill
12. A rear position sensing valve 58 similarly has an actuator 58b
engageable by the projection 60. The sensing valves 54 and 58 may
be positioned as desired along the length of the drill support 10
and mounted thereon for actuation by the drill projections 56 and
60 to limit the forward and rearward movement of said drill by the
automatic control system as explained below.
Referring to FIG. 2, the remainder of the automatic control system
is schematically illustrated as comprising a plurality of control
valves and associated circuitry housed within an enclosure 62 which
would preferably be mounted at the drill operator control station
of the rock-drilling unit, not shown. The enclosure 62 has a branch
conduit 64 leading thereto which is in communication with the main
air supply line 22 and leads to the several control valves to be
described. The operator control enclosure 62 houses a two-position
valve 68 labeled COLLAR which receives supply air at line pressure
from conduit 70 connected to branch supply conduit 64. A typical
manual operator or push button is depicted by the symbol 68b. The
valve 68 may be actuated manually to the position b or by a supply
of pilot pressure fluid. Release of operator force or pilot
pressure will result in the return to the position a. The control
enclosure 62 similarly includes two-position manual and pilot
actuated valves 72, 74, and 76 labeled START DRILL and REVERSE,
respectively. The valves 72, 74 and 76 are respectively connected
to the branch supply conduit 64 by conduits 78, 80 and 82. A manual
and pilot actuated valve 84 labeled STOP is also within the
enclosure 62 for actuation by the operator. The enclosure 62
further includes a pilot-actuated exhaust valve 86 and a similar
exhaust valve 88.
An important aspect of the present invention includes a variable
timing means which is provided for by the reservoir 90 and the
adjustable timing valve 92 labeled COLLAR TIME. The reservoir 90 is
in communication with the start valve 72 via the conduit 94, and
with the pilot actuator of the drill control valve 74 by way of the
conduit 96. The reservoir 90 also includes an orificed exhaust line
98. The conduit 164, in communication with conduit 94, includes a
typical check valve 165. Flow is one way only as indicated by the
arrow in conduit 164.
The circuitry can be easily traced and the control system can be
best understood by an explanation of the improved operating cycles
which the drill can be controlled to perform. From the accompanying
drawings it will be evident how the circuitry is interconnected to
the various components. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 a normal
drilling cycle begins with the drill 12 retracted over the rear
position sensing valve 58 so that the valve is actuated to be in
the position b. All valves labeled for positions a and b will be in
position a except as noted. Water control valve 42 is assisted to
the position a by water pressure in line 44 due to internal
construction of the valve.
With pressure air supplied to conduit 22 and its branch conduit 64,
air will flow through conduit 100 to the rear sensing valve 58 and
through conduit 102 to the pilot actuator of exhaust valve 88 to
hold the same in position b. Conduit 104 leading from conduit 100
to the front position sensor 54 will be bleeding through orificed
conduit 106 to continually air wash the actuator 54b to prevent
debris from collecting thereon. Air washing of the rear sensing
valve actuator 58b occurs similarly through orificed conduit 108.
To commence a complete drill operating cycle the operator will
momentarily manually actuate the START valve 72 shifting the same
to position b which permits pilot air to flow from conduit 78
through conduit 110 to shift the first or collaring supply valve 26
to position b (FIG. 1). Valve 26 then supplies air through its
internal pilot 28 to maintain position b and pressure air flows
through conduit 30 to operate the drill rotation motor at reduced
speed as controlled by the adjustable valve 32. Pressure air will
also flow through conduit 111 through an adjustable flow control
valve 112 to conduit 114 and to the drill 12 for operation of the
percussion motor 17 at reduced power. Valve 26 also supplies pilot
air through conduit 116 to hold the drill hole-flushing water valve
42 open in position b to provide water to the drill hole, and
through conduit 118 to hold the forward feed valve 52 in position
a. Supply air from conduit 118 also flows through the proportional
pressure regulator 48 and conduit 119 to supply fluid at
proportionately reduced pressure through the forward feed valve 52
and conduit 120 to the feed motor 18. Referring to FIG. 1 it
appears that air can flow through conduit 111 and conduit 113 to
operate the internal pilot of the second or drilling supply valve
36 to shift same to position b and provide full power to the drill.
However, the pilot actuator of valve 36 is set to operate at line
pressure only and therefore will not actuate at the reduced
pressure set by the adjustable valve 112. The drill 12 thus
commences to operate at reduced forward force feeding for collaring
the hole. Such operation is particularly desired to prevent
deflection of the drill steel when the steel and bit are inclined
to the surface of the rock face. As the projection 60 moves off the
actuator 58b of the rear sensing valve 58, said valve returns to
position a and exhaust valve 88 returns to position a.
As previously mentioned the operator need only actuate the START
valve 72 momentarily whereupon release of the manual actuator the
start valve returns to position a.
The collaring supply valve 26, having shifted to position b, now
also supplies air at line pressure from its internal pilot conduit
28, through conduit 110, valve 72 and conduit 94 to the reservoir
90 at a rate controlled primarily by the timing valve 92. The
setting of valve 92 will regulate the amount of time required for
pressure to increase in the reservoir sufficiently to cause the
drill control valve 74 to shift to position b. The reservoir 90 may
take many forms including being embodied in conduit 96 depending on
the volume thereof. When the control valve 74 has shifted to
position b air at line supply pressure will flow through conduit 80
and conduit 124 to actuate the drilling supply valve 36 to position
b to supply air at substantially line supply pressure to the drill
percussion motor 17 through conduits 113 and 114. Air at line
supply pressure will also flow through conduit 111 and bypass
conduit 126 to conduit 30 to operate the drill rotation motor 14 at
full power. Conduit 113 will also supply air through conduit 128
and the proportional pressure regulator 50 which in turn will
provide a regulated supply of pressure air through conduit 129, the
forward feed valve 52, and conduit 120 to the feed motor 18. The
feed motor will be exhausting through conduits 130 and 132 and the
third or reverse supply valve 40 which is in position a.
The drill 12 will proceed to operate at full power and will feed
forward along the support 10 until the projection 56 strikes
actuator 54b causing the front position sensing valve 54 to shift
to position b which in turn will provide pressure air to flow
through conduit 134. Conduit 134 is in communication with an
adjustable flow control valve 135 and a reservoir 137 located in
the control enclosure 62. A conduit 139 leads from the reservoir
137 to the pilot actuator of the REVERSE control valve 76. The flow
control valve 135 and the reservoir 137 comprise a variable time
delay means to delay the shifting of the control valve 76 to
position b for reasons to be explained below. The REVERSE control
valve 76, when shifted to position b by pilot pressure fluid from
conduits 134 and 139, will cause pressure air to flow through
conduits 82 and 136 to the pilot actuator of reverse supply valve
40 shifting same to position b. The REVERSE control valve 76 will
also cause a pressure signal in conduit 138 to shift the exhaust
valve 86 to position b exhausting air from the pilot actuator of
the DRILL control valve 74 by way of conduits 140 and 142 causing
valve 74 to shift to position a which will cause a shift of the
drilling supply valve 36 to position a interrupting the full power
supply to the drill percussion motor, rotation motor and
proportional regulator 50. Collar supply valve 26 will also actuate
to position a having exhausted its pilot actuator through conduit
110, START valve 72 in position a, conduit 165, 160, and 142 to the
exhaust valve 86. The reverse supply valve 40 will also now supply
pressure air through conduit 132 to conduit 144 shifting the
forward feed supply valve 52 to position b exhausting conduit 120.
Pressure air will also now flow through conduit 130 at full supply
pressure to the feed motor 18 running the same in reverse to
retract the drill along the support. Pressure air is further now
being supplied to conduit 146 and 148 simultaneously shifting the
flushing water valve 42 to position a shutting off the flow of
water and changing the flushing medium to air for drying the hole
as the drill steel is withdrawn. Hole cleaning air is not required
to be controlled by valve 42 with the system of the present
invention. The drill 12 is now also being supplied with a reduced
supply of air through conduit 132 to adjustable valves 32 and 112
to operate the rotation motor 14 and drill percussion motor 17 at
reduced power to facilitate withdrawal of the drill steel from the
hole. After the drill projection 56 moves off the front position
sensing actuator 54b the valve 54 returns to position a causing the
pilot actuator of the REVERSE control valve 76 to exhaust through
conduit 134 and a shift of said valve to position a. The reverse
supply valve 40 remains in position b due to its own internal pilot
supply.
The drill 12 continues to retract along the support 10 until the
projection 60 strikes the rear position sensing actuator 58b
causing the valve 58 to shift to position b which in turn will send
a pressure signal through conduit 102 to the pilot actuator of the
exhaust valve 88 shifting the same to position b. The reverse
supply valve 40 will now shift to position a having exhausted its
pilot actuator through conduits 136, 138, and 150 and the exhaust
valve 88. All supply air to the drill and feed motor is now
interrupted and the drill is shut down. The exhaust valve 86 will
also return to position a having exhausted its pilot actuator
through conduits 138. The drill thus have operated through a
completely automatic cycle of operation with regulated pressure on
the feed motor 18 automatically compensating for variations in
supply line pressure during the collaring and drilling phase of the
cycle.
Various other operational modes are selectable, at will, by the
operator with the control system of the present invention. For
example, if it is desired to prolong operation of the drill at
collaring power, that is prior to the drill engaging the front
position sensing valve 54, manual actuation of the COLLAR control
valve 68 to move to position b will operate the pilot actuator of
the START valve 72 by supplying pressure air through conduits 70,
152, and 154 to move the START valve to position b. The collaring
supply valve 26 will then be actuated as previously described and
the drill will operate at collaring power. Upon actuation of the
exhaust valve 86 to position b, caused by the drill actuating the
front position sensing valve 54, the collar control valve pilot
actuator would be exhausted through conduits 156, 160, 142 and the
valve 86 and the START valve 72 would return to position a after
bleeding its pilot actuator through conduit 154 and orifice 158.
During any operating mode of the control system, full power to the
drill percussion motor and rotation motor may be applied by manual
actuation of the drill control valve 74 to position b which will
supply line pressure air to the pilot actuator of the drill supply
valve 36 as previously described.
If the drill is in the reverse feed mode, however, the DRILL
control valve 74 must be manually held in position b to operate the
percussion motor and rotation motor at full power, otherwise the
drill supply valve pilot actuator would exhaust through the DRILL
control valve, in position a, and conduits 140 and 142 and the
exhaust valve 86 which, during reverse feed of the drill, is in
position b.
The control system may also be operated to commence the reverse
feed mode at any point in the forward collaring or drilling mode by
manual actuation of the REVERSE control valve 76 to position b.
Such actuation would cause a pressure signal to be sent to the
reverse supply valve 40 and via conduit 138 to exhaust valve 86
shifting both valves to position b and resulting in operation
previously described. With the control system of the present
invention only one control valve is required for reversing the feed
motor which thereby eliminates the need for a so-called five-port
four-way valve as found in certain prior art systems.
Also, at any operating condition of the control system all pressure
air to the drill and feed motor may be interrupted by manual
actuation of the STOP control valve 84 to position b which will
cause the COLLAR control valve 68 to exhaust its pilot actuator
through conduits 156, 160 and 162. The START valve 72 will exhaust
through conduits 164, 160 and 162 and the DRILL control valve 74
will exhaust its pilot actuator through conduits 140 and 162. The
valves 68, 72, and 74 will thus return to position a. The collar
supply valve 26 and drill supply valve 36 will, with their
respective control valves 72 and 74 in position a, exhaust their
pilot actuators through STOP valve 84 and return to position a.
Reverse supply valve 40 will also exhaust its pilot actuator
through conduits 136, 138, 166 and 162, and through the STOP valve
to return to position a. Therefore, regardless of the operating
mode, actuation of the STOP valve to position b will result in the
interruption of the flow of pressure fluid to the drill, rotation
motor, and feed motor. As shown in FIG. 2 the STOP valve may be
operated from a remote pilot pressure air supply through conduit
170 as may the START valve 72 by way of a pilot supply through
conduit 172.
As previously mentioned, the adjustable valve 135 and reservoir 137
operate as a variable time delay means to delay the pressure signal
necessary to shift the REVERSE control valve 76 to position b when
the drill projection 56 has actuated the position sensing valve 54
to position b. This delay in operation of the REVERSE control valve
and, consequently, the reverse supply valve 40 permits thorough
flushing of the drill hole to assure the removal of all drill
cuttings while the drill steel is still at the bottom of the hole.
As pressure fluid flows through conduit 134 into the reservoir 137
the pressure would eventually increase to a predetermined value
required to operate the pilot actuator of the REVERSE control valve
76 to shift said valve to position b and the drill would be
operated to retract along the support as hereinbefore described. A
conduit 180 is connected to conduits 134 and 138 so that pilot
pressure fluid is supplied to the actuator of exhaust valve 86 to
effect the closure of the drilling supply valve 36 without delay
when the front sensing valve 54 is actuated to position b. A check
valve 182 prevents pressure fluid from flowing into conduit
136.
A preferred construction of the enclosures 20 and 62 is illustrated
in FIG. 3. The enclosure 20 is shown as consisting of a series of
flat plate elements 184, 186, 188, 190 and 192 assembled and
fastened together by fasteners 194. All of the hereinbefore
described conduits within the enclosure 20, as shown on the
schematic of FIG. 1, would be drilled or machined into the matching
surfaces of the plates. All valve elements would also be housed
within the enclosure formed by the assemblage of plates. This
construction provides for a compact arrangement of valves and
conduits and also eliminates a large number of tube and pipe
fittings. The operator adjustment handles for valves 32 and 112 are
shown protruding from plate 188 and the connections of pilot
actuator conduits 110, 124, and 136 are shown. The remaining eight
connections required as shown by the schematic of FIG. 1 would be
made on the bottom of plate 184, not shown.
The section view of FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of the
proportional pressure regulator valve 50 previously described and
illustrated schematically in FIG. 1. The valve 48 of FIG. 1 is of
similar construction. Referring to FIG. 4, the valve 50 comprises a
movable closure member 200 having a stem portion 202 and a
resilient seating member having an area forming a pressure surface
204. The closure member 200 is interposed between conduits 128 and
129 formed by plates 184, 186, and 188. The upper end of stem 202
projects through the end wall of a spacer 206 pressed into the bore
208 in plate 188 and is threadedly secured to a hollow piston 210.
The piston 210, forming a part of member 200, extends into the bore
212 of a cap 214 which is secured to plate 188 by fasteners 216. An
adjusting screw 218 is operative to vary the compression of a coil
spring 220 which is operable to bias the closure member 200 in the
closed position. The space 222 within the spacer 206 is vented to
atmosphere through passage 224. A passage 226 in the stem of
closure member 200 communicates pressure fluid from conduit 128 to
the interior space 228 of the hollow piston 210 and to the bore 212
of the cap 214. The piston 210 is slidably housed in the bore 212
in close fitting relationship thereto and leakage of pressure fluid
into space 222 is desirably kept to a minimum. The piston 210
includes an area 230 and an annular area 232 forming a second
pressure surface operable to oppose the pressure acting on the
surface 204 bounded by the seat 234. An annular area 236 formed on
the closure member 200 comprises a third pressure surface and is
operable to bias the closure member to the closed position under
the action of pressure fluid at the reduced pressure in conduit 129
acting thereon.
As previously mentioned it is desirable to maintain the feed motor
pressure at a proportional value to the supply pressure to the
drill percussion motor to prevent underfeeding or overfeeding the
drill when fluctuations in supply pressure occur. In prior art
drills it is often a problem which requires the constant attention
of the drill operator to adjust a manual valve to maintain the
proper proportion. However, with the use of the proportional
pressure regulator 50 in the feed control system of FIGS. 1 and 2
feed motor pressure is automatically maintained at the desired
proportional value. The valve 50 or its equivalent may, of course,
be used with other rock drill control systems.
A single proportional pressure regulator valve of the type
disclosed could be used in the control system shown in FIG. 1.
However, a system of the type disclosed, having provisions for
operating the drill at reduced pressure for collaring the hole,
desirably has a separate pressure regulator due to the fact that
the proportionality or percentage value of feed motor pressure to
supply pressure for collaring a hole is usually less than the value
desired for operation at full drilling power. The provision of two
regulator valves is therefore desirable in a completely automatic
system to eliminate the need for adjustment of a single valve after
the collaring phase of operation.
In operation of the valve 50, pressure fluid at supply pressure
introduced into conduit 128 would act on surface 204 to open the
valve closure member 200 permitting flow past the valve seat 234 to
be throttled to a reduced pressure into conduit 129. Pressure fluid
at supply pressure would also flow through passage 226 into space
228 and between the adjusting screw 218 and the inner wall of
piston 210 into the bore 212 to act on the annular area 232. Fluid
at supply pressure acting on areas 230 and 232 and fluid at the
reduced pressure in conduit 129 acting on area 236 will operate to
close the closure member 200. By an algebraic summation of pressure
forces acting on the valve closure member 200 it may be seen that
the areas 230, 232, and 236 may be proportioned such that the
closure member will move to throttle flow across the orifice formed
by the closure member and the seat 234 until a balanced position is
reached. Accordingly, the pressure in conduit 129 may be regulated
to a fixed percentage of the supply pressure in conduit 128
regardless of what value the supply pressure may be. For example,
if the sum of areas 230 and 232 is 70 percent of area 204 and the
area 236 is 90 percent of area 204 by setting the pressure forces
on area 204 equal to the pressure forces acting on the reduced
areas 230, 232, and 236 it may be realized that pressure will be
regulated to be 33 percent of supply pressure. The areas 230, 232
and 236, of course, may be altered in proportion to alter the
reduced pressure. The spring 220 is used to provide a light biasing
force to overcome friction of the close fitted piston 210 to close
the valve. The biasing force of the spring 228 may be increased by
the adjusting screw to reduce the value of the reduced the value of
the reduced pressure, however, increasing the biasing force of the
spring 220 will also change the proportionality from a fixed
percentage to a variable percentage. However, within the range of
supply pressures normally encountered the variation in the reduced
pressure will not adversely affect drill performance.
An alternate embodiment of a proportional pressure regulator valve
is illustrated in FIG. 5. The proportional pressure regulator valve
240 includes a closure member 242 having a resilient seating member
forming pressure surface 244 and a stem portion 246 threadedly
attached to a piston 248 slidably housed in the bore 250 of cap
252. A passage 254 leads from the bore 250 past an adjustable
needle valve 256 to a passage 258 opening to the exterior of cap
252. The piston 248 includes an area 260 forming a second pressure
surface, and an orificed passage 262 opening into the bore 250 from
the conduit 128. The principle of operation of the valve 240 is
similar to the valve 50, that is, a force caused by pressure fluid
acting on area 244 of the closure member is opposed by pressure
fluid acting on the piston area 260 and pressure fluid in conduit
129 acting on the annular area 264 forming a third pressure surface
on the closure member 242. In operation, if the needle valve 256 is
closed the pressure in the bore 250 will be equal to supply
pressure, and the reduced pressure in conduit 129 will be a fixed
percentage of the supply pressure in conduit 128 as determined by
the proportioning of areas 260 and 264. If the needle valve 256 is
opened to bleed pressure fluid from the bore 250 the pressure
therein will be reduced and the proportionality of the reduced
pressure in conduit 129 to the supply pressure in conduit 128 will
be changed and will no longer be a fixed percentage, but as with
the proportional regulator valve 50 in the range of pressures
normally encountered the proper feed pressure can still be
obtained. Moreover, some adjustment of the proportionality must be
provided for so that the drill operator can change the feed
pressure for a given supply pressure to compensate for variations
in the drillability of different rock formations.
However, it should be noted that the biasing means of the
respective regulator valves 50 and 240, that is, the spring 220 and
the adjustment screw 218, and the pressure chamber and needle
valves 256 operate in a somewhat different manner. The maximum
value of reduced pressure that can be obtained with the valve 50
occurs when no biasing force is applied by the spring 220, and an
increase in the bias force acting to close the member 200 will
reduce the value of the regulated pressure which the valve 50 will
operate to produce in conduit 129. In the valve 240 the minimum
value of reduced pressure is obtained when the needle valve 256 is
closed and the pressure acting on the surface 260 is equal to the
supply pressure in conduit 128. By opening the needle valve to
reduce the pressure in the chamber formed by the bore 250 the valve
closure member 242 will operate to balance at a higher value of
reduced pressure in conduit 129.
* * * * *