U.S. patent number 3,559,867 [Application Number 04/811,553] was granted by the patent office on 1971-02-02 for multi-ply container.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Crown Zellerbach Corporation. Invention is credited to Arthur T. Edwards, III, Billy J. Muskopf.
United States Patent |
3,559,867 |
Muskopf , et al. |
February 2, 1971 |
MULTI-PLY CONTAINER
Abstract
A multi-ply container desirably of paperboard panels laminated
together, has a corner construction comprising facing unattached
end edges of a ply covered by an integral hinge connection between
wall panels of another ply thereby eliminating a so-called
manufacturer's joint. The corner construction and plurality of
laminated plies provide bulge resistance rendering the container
particularly advantageous for the packaging of flowable products
such as synthetic rubber blocks.
Inventors: |
Muskopf; Billy J. (Houston,
TX), Edwards, III; Arthur T. (Dallas, TX) |
Assignee: |
Crown Zellerbach Corporation
(San Francisco, CA)
|
Family
ID: |
25206869 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/811,553 |
Filed: |
March 28, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
229/122.32;
229/117.01; 229/939 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
5/32 (20130101); Y10S 229/939 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
5/00 (20060101); B65D 5/32 (20060101); B65d
025/14 (); B65d 005/56 () |
Field of
Search: |
;93/36
;229/14C,BI,DL,BW,23B |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Moorhead; Davis T.
Claims
We claim:
1. A multi-ply container having upright corners and walls composed
of a plurality of plies laminated together, at least one of said
plies being a continuous strip of integrally connected panels with
all adjacent panels hingedly connected together except at the edges
of the end panels, at least another of said plies comprising a
plurality of separate pads nonintegral with any of the other
components of said container, each pad having upright end edges and
wall panels integrally connected along an upright hinge connection
line positioned substantially in alignment with an upright corner
of the container, and the length of each pad being such that each
end edge thereof is located at another corner of the container with
a space between the end edges of adjacent pads.
2. The multi-ply container of claim 1 wherein a ply contiguous to
said another ply comprises adjacent panels integrally connected
along an upright hinge connection line closing each of said
spaces.
3. The multi-ply container of claim 2 comprising at least three
plies a first of which being an inner ply comprising panels
hingedly connected together except at the edges of the end panels
thereof, said edges being unattached and forming substantially an
abutment joint, a second of said plies is an intermediate ply which
covers said abutment joint, and a third of said plies is an outer
ply which comprises said plurality of pads.
4. A multi-ply container having upright corners and comprising an
inner ply, an intermediate ply and an outer ply adhesively bonded
together, said inner ply being composed of a plurality of hingedly
connected wall panels the end panels of which have upright facing
edges unattached to each other, said intermediate ply covering said
facing edges of said inner ply and having at at least one corner of
the container upright edges which are unattached to each other,
said outer ply including a plurality of wall panels integrally
connected along an upright hinge connection line substantially in
alignment with and covering a corner of the container, end edges of
adjacent panels of said outer ply being unattached to each other at
a corner of the container, and said container having at least
two-ply thickness at each corner thereof.
5. The container of claim 4 wherein said intermediate ply comprises
a plurality of pads.
6. The container of claim 4 wherein said intermediate ply is a
continuous strip of wall panels the end panels of which are the
ones that have said unattached edges.
7. The container of claim 4 in which the plies are of paperboard,
and at least two of said plies have their corrugations extending
transversely with respect to each other.
8. The container of claim 4 wherein at least one of said plies has
hingedly connected closure flaps to provide a closure for the
container.
9. A multi-ply container composed of at least three plies
adhesively bonded together and having upright walls and an upright
corner construction of two-ply thickness provided by two of the
plies, the remaining ply having adjacent end edges unattached to
each other at said corner.
10. The construction of claim 9 wherein the inner of said plies has
end edges substantially in abutment and unattached to each
other.
11. A multi-ply container comprising at least three plies laminated
together, a first one of which being an inner ply comprising panels
hingedly connected together except at the edges of the end panels
thereof, said edges being unattached and forming substantially an
abutment joint, a second of said plies being an intermediate ply
which covers said abutment joint, and a third of said plies being
an outer ply comprising a plurality of pads with each pad having
upright end edges and wall panels integrally connected along an
upright hinge connection line positioned substantially in alignment
with an upright corner of the container, the length of each pad
being such that each end edge thereof is located at another corner
of the container with a space between the end edges of adjacent
pads, and a ply contiguous to said pads which form said outer ply
comprising adjacent panels integrally connected along an upright
hinge connection line closing each of said spaces between such
pads.
12. The multi-ply container of claim 11 wherein said intermediate
ply is also comprised of a plurality of said pads.
13. The multi-ply container of claim 11 wherein said joint of said
inner ply is located between adjacent corners of the container.
14. The multi-ply container of claim 11 wherein said joint of said
inner ply is located at a corner of the container.
15. The multi-ply container of claim 11 wherein said intermediate
ply comprises panels hingedly connected together along integral
hinge connection lines except the end panels the edges of which are
unattached at a corner of the container.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
As is disclosed in the U.S. Pat. to George et al., No. 2,634,038,
dated Apr. 7, 1953, certain types of materials have inherent cold
flow characteristics after being packaged in containers. For
example, synthetic rubber has a tendency to flow and spread out
laterally exerting great pressure against the walls of the
container. The container disclosed in such patent is of such
character as to provide strength for withstanding such lateral
pressure, and comprises a plurality of telescoped sleeves of
varying heights providing increasing thickness of the container
walls from the top to the bottom. Each sleeve is a continuous strip
of wall panels secured together at their end edges by a so-called
manufacturer's joint, such as tape, which increases manufacturing
costs in the application thereof.
SUMMARY AND OBJECTS
Summarizing the invention hereof, an improved container is
provided. Although it is particularly adapted for shipping and
storing material, such as synthetic rubber which has the
aforementioned cold flow characteristics and hence exerts great
pressure against the container walls, it may be employed for the
packaging of other types of material which require a container of
great strength. The container is desirably made of a plurality of
plies of paperboard, advantageously so-called double wall
corrugated paperboard.
The respective plies have wall panels which are adhesively
laminated to each other to form container walls of multi-ply
substantially uniform thickness throughout. The plies are so
arranged that so-called manufacturer's joints such as corner tape,
stitching or glue flaps are not required to fasten end edges of
panels together, as the panels of the plies provide at least an
integral corner construction at each of the upright corners of the
container. Advantageously, the container walls are of at least
three-ply thickness with each upright corner of at least two-ply
thickness, which provide not only bulge resistance but also marked
stacking strength.
Also, at least one of the plies advantageously comprises a
plurality of pads; each pad having upright end edges and wall
panels integrally connected along an upright hinge connection line
positioned at an upright corner of the container. The end facing
edges of adjacent pads are adjacent to but spaced apart at another
corner, being free of attachment whereby a gap is provided between
such edges; and the space between these facing edges is closed by
an integral corner of a contiguous ply.
A special method is provided for forming the container from a
collapsed state of the plies, comprising adhesively uniting strips
having wall panels which form an inner ply and an intermediate ply,
and adhesively uniting pads to the outer faces of the intermediate
ply; each pad being composed of wall panels integrally connected
together along a corner forming hinge connection line. The pads are
so positioned that a hinge connection line thereof is at a corner
of the container and the ends thereof adjacent to but unsecured to
each other at another corner of the container.
From the preceding, it is seen that the invention has as its
objects among others, the provision of an improved multi-ply
container construction having walls of substantially uniform
thickness throughout and in which the manufacturer's joint commonly
employed for securing ends of panels together at an upright corner
of the container, is not required, which has great strength
including stacking strength, and is of economical and simple
construction, and the provision of an improved method for forming
such container. Other objects of the invention will become apparent
from the following more detailed description and accompanying
drawings in which :
DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a paperboard blank forming the inner liner
of one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a transverse fragmentary cross-sectional view on an
enlarged scale taken in a plane indicated by line 2-2 in FIG.
1;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of an L-shaped reinforcing pad;
FIG. 4 is an exploded isometric view illustrating the relationship
of various parts of the container;
FIG. 5 is an elevational view of the container looking in the
direction of arrow 5 in FIG. 6;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged horizontal cross section taken in a plane
indicated by line 6-6 in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional exploded view illustrating the
relationship of certain of the parts in the method of assembling
the container;
FIG. 8 is a similar view illustrating the parts of FIG. 7 after
they have been collapsed to another position, and illustrating the
relationship of pads which form an outer ply;
FIG. 9 is a plan view on a reduced scale of a blank which forms an
intermediate ply in another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a plan view of a blank which forms the inner ply of such
embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a similar view of L-shaped pads which from an outer
ply;
FIG. 12 is a schematic end elevational exploded view illustrating
steps in the method of assembling such embodiment;
FIG. 13 is a similar view illustrating further steps;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged horizontal cross section of the embodiment
formed by the blanks of FIGS. 9 through 11;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of an additional embodiment
illustrating the relationship of inner and intermediate plies of a
container of hexagonal horizontal cross section;
FIG. 16 is a similar view illustrating the relationship of the
outer ply to the remaining plies, and;
FIG. 17 is an enlarged horizontal cross section of the
container.
FIGS. 1 through 8 disclose an embodiment of the invention in which
the container has four upright walls and is rectangular in cross
section; the walls being formed of three plies and are of uniform
thickness throughout. Desirably the respective plies are of double
wall corrugated paperboard, although solid paperboard of any other
suitable type of strong sheet may be employed.
An inner ply 2 of the container comprises a continuous strip of
integrally connected wall panels 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 as can be seen
from FIG. 1, which are integrally hinged together along respective
hinge connection lines 11. End panels 3 and 8 of the strip are not
full wall panels but in the setup container which is rectangular in
cross section, end edges 12 of these end panels face each other,
being unattached to each other but in substantial abutment to form
substantially an abutment joint 13. Bottom closure flaps 16 are
hingedly connected to the lower edge of inner ply 2 to form a
bottom closure in the setup container. The blank from which inner
ply 2 is formed is known in the trade as a half slotted container
(HSC) blank.
Adhesively bonded to the outer face of inner ply 2 is a plurality
of L-shaped pads 17 which provide an intermediate ply of the
container; each pad being composed of a continuous strip of wall
panels 18 integrally hingedly connected along an upright hinge
connection line 19 positioned substantially in alignment with an
upright corner A of the container. Each panel 18 is substantially a
full wall panel, being of such length that its end edge 21 is
located closely adjacent another corner B. The adjacent facing
edges 21 of adjacent panels 18 are also unsecured together with a
space or gap 21' existing between such facing edges 21 of adjacent
pads. From FIG. 6 it will be noted that the abutment joint 13 of
inner ply 2 is covered or closed by a panel 18 of a pad 17.
A pair of L-shaped pads 22, each pad being similar to an
intermediate pad 17, forms an outer ply of the container and is
adhesively bonded to outer faces of pads 17 with the upright
integral hinge connection line 23 of each pad 22 overlying the
space 21' at a corner between the adjacent edges 21 of intermediate
pads 17. As with respect to edges 21 of intermediate pads 17, the
upright end edges 24 of adjacent outer pads 22 form a gap 24' at
the corner A defined by an integral hinge connection of an
intermediate pad 17.
From the preceding and as can be seen from FIG. 6, the container
walls are all of uniform thickness, and comprise three plies
laminated together by adhesive. Each upright corner of the
container is of two-ply thickness making for strength even though
spaces 21' and 24' are formed between the free or facing unsecured
edges of adjacent pads. Also, in each instance corner spaces 21'
and 24' are covered or closed by an integral corner hinge
connection of a contiguous ply.
Stitching or glue flaps, or tape are not required to secure corners
of the respective plies together, thus making for manufacturing
economy, and for improved strength and quality. Although abutment
joint 13 of inner ply 2 is located between adjacent corners of the
container, it could also be formed at any corner instead but then
in the embodiment thus far described, there would only be one-ply
thickness at one corner and two-ply thickness at the remaining
three corners.
A top closure formed of closure flaps similar to bottom flaps 16
may be provided if so desired, or the top end may be closed with a
paperboard cap 26 as shown in FIG. 5. Also, flaps 16 may be
eliminated and the bottom closed with a cap. For the type of
product for which the container has found special utility, it is
usually transported and mounted on a pallet because of the heavy
weight of the contents. Hence, a single-ply bottom closure formed
by flaps 16 is all that is required for bottom strength because of
the reinforcing effect of the pallet.
In the particular embodiment disclosed in FIGS. 1 through 8, the
container is about 41 inches in height and 33 .times. 34 inches
(inside dimensions) in rectangular cross section. However, such
dimensions are not critical and may vary widely. Although any
suitable thickness for the plies may be employed depending upon the
material to be packaged, for synthetic rubber blocks the plies are
made of conventional double wall corrugated paperboard comprising
two corrugated mediums 27 adhesively bonded to an intermediate
paperboard liner 28 and to outer liners 29 as can be seen from FIG.
2. A suitable weight of each of the corrugated mediums is about 26
pounds per thousand square feet, and a suitable weight for each of
the liners is about 42 pounds per thousand square feet. To enhance
strength, the plies are desirably arranged so that at least two
plies have their corrugations run transversely with respect to each
other. The corrugations of the outer ply desirably extend
vertically, the intermediate ply horizontally, and the inner ply
vertically. However, the intermediate ply corrugations may extend
vertically; and either of the inner or outer ply corrugations or
both may extend horizontally.
FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate the method of making the container. The
continuous strip which provides inner ply 2 is collapsed to bring
panels 8 and 3 together and form abutment joint 13. Adhesive is
applied to the inner faces of pads 17 which provide the
intermediate ply, and they are secured to the outer faces of
intermediate ply 2 with a hinge connection line 19 of each pad 17
in substantial alignment with an integral hinge connection line or
corner 11 of inner ply 2, thus forming a laminated two-ply
construction. Then the two-ply construction is collapsed from the
position shown in FIG. 7 to the position shown in FIG. 8 wherein
the hinge connection corner 11 between panels 7 and 8 and the hinge
connection corner 11 between panels 4 and 6 are on opposite faces
of the two-ply construction. Outer pads 22 with adhesive on their
inside faces are then adhesively united to the thus folded two-ply
structure with an integral corner 23 of each pad in substantial
alignment with a corner 11 of inner ply 2 over the space 21'
between adjacent pads 17. The united three plies are then run
through a compressor to firmly bond all the plies together, thus
forming the described container when the structure is set up from
collapsed state.
FIGS. 9 through 13 illustrate a modified construction which is
substantially the same as that described except that the
intermediate ply 31 is formed of a continuous strip, and the
abutment joint of the inner ply is at a corner. Intermediate ply 31
comprises four hingedly connected full wall panels 32, 33, 34 and
35 having hingedly connected closure flaps 36 at top and bottom.
Inner ply 37 also comprises four full wall panels 38, 39, 41 and
42. In making the container, adhesive is applied to the inside face
of intermediate ply 31, and end panels 38 and 42 of inner ply 37
are turned inwardly along end score lines 43 and secured to panels
33 and 34 of intermediate ply 31, with their end edges 44 in
substantial alignment with the central score line 46 of
intermediate ply 31. Then end panels 32 and 35 of intermediate ply
31 are turned inwardly and secured to the outside faces of panels
39 and 41 of the inner ply, thus forming a two-ply
construction.
With adhesive applied to two L-shaped pads 47 of the character
previously described, they are secured to the outside faces of
intermediate ply 31 with the panels of one pad 47 overlying panels
32 and 35 of intermediate ply 31, and the panels of the other pad
47 overlying panels 33 and 34 of such intermediate ply. The
three-ply structure is then passed through a compressor, as
previously related.
As can be seen from FIG. 14, the described construction also
results in at least two-ply thickness at each corner. Also, all
gaps and joints between adjacent wall panels at each corner are
covered by an integral corner of a contiguous ply. Since the
modification thus described has a plurality of pads forming only
the outside ply, the two pads of the intermediate ply of FIGS. 1
through 8 are eliminated, it has the manufacturing advantage of
enabling the structure to be assembled faster in the box plant.
In the described modification, closure flaps 36 are provided at
both top and bottom but caps of the type shown in FIG. 5 may be
employed in place of either set of bottom or top closure flaps.
Although in the modification of FIGS. 1 through 8, the closure
flaps are on the inner ply, they may be provided on the
intermediate or outer ply if so desired, and vice versa with
respect to the modification of FIGS. 9 through 13.
The principle of construction is applicable to any polygonal
cross-sectionally shaped container. FIGS. 15 through 17 illustrate
schematically such construction for a hexagonal cross-sectionally
shaped container. The inner ply comprises a continuous strip of
hingedly connected panels 51, the end panels of which are in
substantial abutment to provide abutment joint 52.
An intermediate ply is formed of two pads 53 of a strip of three
hingedly connected panels 54, the end edges 56 of which are
unattached and extend to a corner of the container. The outer ply
also comprises a pair of pads 57 similar to pads 53, the end edges
58 of which extend to an integral corner 59 of intermediate pad 53
and are unattached together at such corner. Thus a so-called
manufacturer's joint is not required, and there is at least two-ply
thickness at all corners of the container with gaps between
adjacent end edges of adjacent panels of a ply covered by an
integral corner of a contiguous ply.
* * * * *