U.S. patent number 3,558,022 [Application Number 04/747,403] was granted by the patent office on 1971-01-26 for container safety closure.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Abbott Laboratories. Invention is credited to Walter J. Zytko.
United States Patent |
3,558,022 |
Zytko |
January 26, 1971 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
CONTAINER SAFETY CLOSURE
Abstract
A safety closure insertable within the neck of a container and
depending a short distance into the container to be used in
conjunction with a dropper-dispenser for dispensing liquids from
the container. The safety closure is sealed to the container with a
flange compressed by the container, the closure having sidewalls
depending from said flange along the neck of the container and
terminating in a bottom opening and a movable closure element urged
into a closed position by spring action.
Inventors: |
Zytko; Walter J. (Walnut Creek,
CA) |
Assignee: |
Abbott Laboratories (North
Chicago, IL)
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Family
ID: |
25004912 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/747,403 |
Filed: |
June 12, 1968 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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647544 |
Jun 20, 1967 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
222/490; 401/122;
401/129; 401/126 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
55/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
55/04 (20060101); B65D 55/02 (20060101); B65d
005/72 () |
Field of
Search: |
;141/(Bell Consulted)/
;141/Inquired,22,23,24,353,355,380,381
;222/490,491,494,501,511,577,556,563,547 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Coleman; Samuel F.
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation-in-part of Application Ser. No.
647,544, filed June 20, 1967, and now abandoned.
Claims
I claim:
1. A safety plug for a container having a neck opening to admit a
dropper-dispenser assembly, said plug comprising:
a. a tubular member having:
1. a first end suitable for sealing engagement with said neck
opening;
2. a circumferential groove about its exterior and adjacent said
first end; and
3. a second end locatable within said container;
b. movable means hingedly mounted to the tubular member at said
second end for sealing engagement therewith; and
c. a helical spring encircling said tubular member and having:
1. a terminal turn seated in said groove; and
2. a single turn bearing on said movable means and urging it
against said second end and into sealing engagement therewith.
2. A plug according to claim 1 wherein said single turn is of a
smaller diameter than other turns of said spring.
3. A safety plug according to claim 1 wherein said movable means
has a substantially planar exterior surface and said single turn
bears on said surface.
4. A safety plug for a container having a neck opening and an
adjacent interior surface; said plug comprising a tubular member
having a first end engageable with said neck opening and a second
end locatable within said container; a jaw member of larger
diameter than said neck opening hinged to said second end and
adapted to engage said container surface in sealable relation.
5. A safety plug of claim 4 including a spring transverse said jaw
member to urge said jaw into sealing position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Various types of medicaments and other liquids are provided in
containers such as bottles, to be dispensed by a dropper-dispenser
having a squeeze bulb at the top end thereof. In the usual form,
the dropper-dispenser and squeeze bulb are made integrally with the
closure cap of the container such that to dispense liquid from the
bottle, the bulb is manually compressed and released, drawing
liquid into the dropper, and the cap unscrewed to remove the
dropper from the bottle. Once the cap and dropper assembly is
removed, however, the container is open, exposing the liquid
contents to possible contamination from the air and to the danger
of loss due to spillage. In addition, screwcap closures are
generally very easily removable by children, presenting the danger
of ingestion of the contents by children.
The object of this invention is to provide a safety closure plug
for a container, such as a bottle, which allows the
dropper-dispenser access to the contents when inserted into the
bottle but closes off access when the dropper is removed. The plug
is inserted into the neck portion of the bottle and is engaged
there by a tight friction fit or by such other means as to make
removal of the plug from the bottle extremely difficult.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The safety plug contemplated by this invention includes top side
body walls having a peripheral flange around the the top
circumference of said body walls. To receive the peripheral flange,
the inlet of the container has a tapered portion, the lower edge of
which has a smaller diameter than the flange, and terminates in a
shoulder. When seated against the shoulder, the flange is held in
compression. A portion of the lower end of the body wall is
provided with movable means for allowing access to the contents of
the bottle by a dropper-dispenser when inserted into the bottle
through the plug, which means is urged shut when the dispenser is
removed. The plug is designed to fit the bottle neck so that the
only access to the contents is through the plug assembly. In this
manner, once the dispenser is removed the plug is closed and the
contents are prevented from spilling out or otherwise being removed
from the bottle.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In order to better understand this invention, reference is made to
the attached drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a side elevational cross section view of a bottle having
one embodiment of a safety plug engaged within the neck portion
thereof;
FIG. 2 is a view of the bottom portion of the plug taken along line
2-2 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side elevational cross section view of a bottle having
another embodiment of a safety plug engaged within the neck portion
thereof and having a dropper-dispenser cap mounted to the threaded
neck portion of the bottle, the dropper extending downward through
the plug;
FIG. 3A is a perspective view, showing a safety plug molded as a
unitary piece;
FIG. 4 is a side elevational cross section view partially cut away,
illustrating a plug engaged within the neck portion of a bottle,
the plug being in the closed position;
FIG. 5 is a fragmented view of the jaw assembly taken along line
5-5 in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a side elevational cross section view of a plug molded as
a two-piece unit and having a spring for urging the jaw into a
normally sealed position against the body wall;
FIG. 6A is a perspective view of the plug embodiment of FIG. 6
lacking the jaw member;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the jaw member including attachment
means for fitment with the plug of FIG. 6A;
FIG. 8 is a side elevational fragmented view of the portion of the
plug taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway side elevational cross section view
of the plug of FIG. 6 engaged within the neck portion of a bottle
and having a dropper-dispenser inserted through the plug body;
FIG. 9A is a partially cutaway side cross section view of the plug
engaged within the upper rim of the neck portion of a bottle;
FIG. 10 is a side elevational cross section view of another
embodiment of a plug molded as a unitary piece and having a biased
spring to urge the jaw into a normally sealed position;
FIG. 11 is a partially cutaway side elevational cross section view
of still another embodiment of a safety plug engaged within the
neck portion of a bottle.
FIG. 12 is partially cutaway side elevational, cross section view
of an additional embodiment of a safety plug engaged within the
neck portion of a bottle.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown one embodiment of a safety
plug 20 engaged within the neck 21 of a bottle 22. The plug 20
generally consists of a body wall 25 surrounding a cavity 27. Slits
26 transversing the body wall 25 are provided at the lower end 28
of said body wall. The upper end 29 of plug 20 includes a
peripheral flange 23 which tests on a peripheral shoulder 24
provided along the top ridge of the bottle neck 21. The plug 20 may
be made of a substantially resilient material such as rubber or a
plastic such as polyethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, and
polyvinyl chloride, among others, such that the slits 26 form a
tight seal when in the normally closed position by virtue of the
resiliency of the material. The upper end 29 of body wall 25 has an
external diameter the same or slightly larger than the internal
diameter of the neck 21 such that a tight seal is maintained
between the body wall 25 and the interior of the bottle neck 21.
Access to the contents of the bottle is only achieved by forcing
the slits 26 apart, as by inserting the dropper-dispenser 40 (FIG.
3) through said slits 26. When the dropper 40 is removed, the
natural resiliency of the body wall 25 draws the slits 26 into a
tight seal thereby preventing any further removal of contents from
the bottle regardless of how the bottle is positioned or
handled.
The plug 20 may be molded as a unitary piece or as two or more
pieces. In FIGS. 3, 4, and 5, a unitary plug is generally
illustrated. In FIG. 3, there is shown a bottle 30 having a neck 31
containing a plug 32. The plug 32 is molded as a unitary piece
having an upper body wall 33, an inwardly tapered portion 34, and a
lower body wall 35. The exterior diameter of the upper body wall 33
is the same or slightly larger than the interior diameter of bottle
neck 31 such that a fluidtight seal is maintained therebetween. A
peripheral flange 36 is provided which is coextensive with the
upper body wall 33, said flange resting on the top surface 37 of
the bottle neck 31. The flange 36 cooperates with the bottle cap 38
to provide a tight seal when the cap 38 is threadably mounted on
the neck 31. The cap 38 is adapted to contain a dropper-dispenser
40 having a squeeze bulb 39 at the top portion thereof. In
practice, the dropper-dispenser 40 and the cap 38 are
semipermanently fastened together such that they cooperate as a
unitary piece.
The plug 32 has a cylindrical lower body wall portion 35 consisting
essentially of opposed body wall portions 41 and 42 at the bottom
of the lower body wall portion 35. Opposed body wall portions 41
and 42 are formed by a partial cutaway segment of the lower body
wall 35 in a plane oblique to the horizontal plane 43 of the plug
and extending from the bottom end 44 of the body wall 35 to an apex
45, as generally shown in FIG. 3A. The result of such a
configuration is that body wall portion 42 constitutes a jaw member
hinging about apex 45 to sealingly engage the lip 46 formed by the
cutaway segment and close off the cavity 47. The plug may be molded
as a unitary piece as illustrated in FIG. 4, and when so molded,
the jaw member 42 is molded in the closed position. To remove
liquid contents from the bottle, the dropper-dispenser 40 is
inserted into the plug 32 forcing the jaw 42 to open as illustrated
by the phantom lines in FIG. 4. Once liquid has been drawn into the
dropper 40, it is removed from the bottle, and the natural
resiliency of the body wall material urges the jaw 42 into sealing
engagement with the lip 46 of the opposing body wall portion
41.
If desired, and to further improve the efficiency of the plug
assembly, the plug 32 may be equipped with a spring element 48 to
insure a tight seal between the jaw 42 and the lip 46. The spring
48 is attached at its one end to the jaw member 42 and at its other
end to the body wall portion 35 by appropriate means. In FIG. 3,
the spring 48 is shown to be imbedded in the body wall of the jaw
42 at its one end 49 and sandwiched between the peripheral flange
36 of the upper body wall 33 and the top surface 37 of the bottle
neck 31 at its other end 50. The particular points of attachment of
the spring element are unimportant so long as one end of the spring
engages the jaw 42 and the other end engages some other portion of
the plug 32 or the bottle 30 providing sufficient tension to
maintain a tight seal between the jaw 42 and the lip 46 of the
lower body wall portion 35. The spring may be composed of any
suitable material such as steel, aluminum, or other metal or
plastic capable of providing tension between the appropriate
elements.
As previously mentioned, the plug assembly may consist of more than
a unitary molded piece. In FIGS. 6 and 7, there is illustrated a
plug 51 having an upper body wall portion 52, an inwardly tapered
portion 53, a lower body wall portion 54, and a peripheral flange
55 coextensive with the upper body wall 52. The lower body wall 54
is cut away at the end thereof in a plane 56 oblique to the
horizontal plane 56 oblique to the horizontal plane 57 of the plug
51, as illustrated in FIG. 6A. The jaw member 58 is a separate
piece molded as a flat sheet of plastic or other such suitable
material, shaped to the contour of the lip 59 formed by the cut
along the oblique plane 56 in the lower body wall 54. The jaw 58
includes an upstanding rib 60 having a slightly enlarged head 61 to
serve as the attachment means of the jaw 58 to the plug 51, as
shown in FIG. 7. The plug 51 includes a shoulder 62 sloped inwardly
along the line of cut of the oblique plane 56 through the lower
body wall 54, said shoulder 62 having an aperture 63 adapted to
receive the head 61 of the upstanding rib 60 in a snap-fitting
engagement such that the jaw 58 is hingedly mounted to the plug 51
to close off the cavity 64 of the plug 51. The jaw 58 is held in a
tight liquid seal by a spring element 65 mounted at its one end 66
to the plug body wall 54 and at its other end 67 to the jaw 58 such
that tension is provided between the jaw 58 and the lip 59 of the
lower body wall 54. The spring 65, jaw 58, and the body wall 54
assembly is generally shown in FIG. 8.
FIG. 9 illustrates the embodiment of the plug of FIG. 6 as inserted
in the neck 71 of a bottle 70 and having a cap 72, including a
dropper-dispenser 73 and squeeze bulb 74 assembly, threadably
mounted to the neck 71. When the dropper-dispenser 73 is inserted
through the plug 51 into the bottle 70, the jaw 58 is forced into
the open position as shown by the solid lines. When the dispenser
is removed, the spring 65 urges the jaw 58 into the closed position
as illustrated by the phantom jaw 58' in FIG. 9. The outside
diameter of the upper body wall 52 is the same or slightly larger
than the the inside diameter of the neck 71 such that a tight
liquid seal is maintained therebetween. The peripheral flange 55
rests on the top surface 75 of the neck 71 to provide an additional
airtight seal when the cap 72 is screwed onto the bottle 70.
Alternatively, the peripheral flange 55 may rest in a peripheral
step 76 provided along the upper periphery of the neck 71 as shown
in FIG. 9A. In this embodiment, the cap 72 when screwed onto the
bottle 70 would rest flush with the flange 55 and the top surface
75 of the neck 71.
FIG. 10 illustrates a modified embodiment of the unitary piece
safety plug. The plug 80 includes an upper body wall 81, an
inwardly tapered portion 82, a lower body wall portion 83, and a
peripheral flange 84 coextensive with the upper body wall 81. The
jaw 85 is molded as a portion of the lower body wall 83 as
previously described and illustrated in FIGS. 3, 3A, and 4. A
spring member 86 is provided to maintain a liquidtight seal between
the jaw 85 and opposing body wall. A circumferential groove 87 is
provided in the upper body wall portion 81 to receive and hold the
upper end 88 of the spring 86, which is in the form of a ring. The
lower end 89 of the spring 86 is attached to the jaw 85 preferably
by imbedding same in the jaw material. To facilitate the movement
of the jaw 85, a notched groove 90 is provided to serve as a hinge
element. To provide additional support, a series of ribs 90 is
positioned around the upper body wall portion 81.
Various other embodiments and modifications of this device are
possible without departing from the scope of the inventive concept.
In FIG. 11, there is shown one such possible embodiment. A bottle
91 having a neck 92 is shown to contain a safety plug 93. The plug
93 includes a body wall 94 and a peripheral flange 95 coextensive
with the body wall 94 for resting against the top surface 96 of the
neck 92. An arcuately-shaped jaw member 97 depends from a portion
of the body wall 94 by a hinge element 98, said hinge element
consisting of a constriction in a portion of the body wall 94. The
jaw member 97 extends across the open cavity 99 of the plug 93 and
contacts the interior surface 100 of the bottle 91 thereby
functioning as a closure for the plug 93. In order to insure a
tight liquid seal between jaw 97 and the bottle surface 100, a
finger projection 101 is provided depending from the base 102 of
the jaw member 97 contacting the opposed interior surface 100' of
the bottle 91. A tension spring 103 is positioned between the end
104 of the jaw 97 and the end 105 of the finger projection 101. To
gain access to the contents of the container, a dropper-dispenser
(not shown) is inserted into the plug cavity 99 until it contacts
and forces the jaw 97 into the open position, as illustrated by
phantom jaw 97'. When the dropper is removed, the tension spring
103 urges the jaw member into the closed position.
FIG. 12 illustrates still another embodiment of the safety plug. In
this modification, the bottle neck 110 is provided with an interior
peripheral shoulder 112 near its outlet. The interior of the neck
between the shoulder and the bottle outlet comprises a truncated
cone, the tapered wall 114 joining the top edge of the bottle 116
to the shoulder edge 118, said shoulder edge having a smaller
diameter than the bottle outlet.
Located within the bottle neck is a safety plug 120 whose tubular
wall 121 is positioned within the bottle neck by a series of ribs
122 parallel to the longitudinal axis of said plug. A flange 123
surmounts said plug, the diameter of the flange normally being
somewhat larger than the shoulder edge 118 so that when the flange
123 is seated against the shoulder 112, the flange is held under
compression thus maintaining a very tight seal at the outer edge of
the flange 124. The plug is preferably of a resilient material such
as polyethylene, rubber, and the like.
Beneath the ribs 122 is circumferential groove 125 about the
exterior of the plug body. A jaw member 126, which may be molded
integral with said plug body, is positioned to seal the bottom of
said plug.
Pressing the jaw 126 into a closed position is a helical spring 130
which has its upper turn 132 seated in the groove 125. Other turns
of this spring surround the plug body and may be spaced slightly
from it. A final turn 134 of this spring abuts the surface of the
jaw 126 and urges it into a sealing location. This combination
provides a convenient method of securing the spring 130 while at
the same time providing a centering action so that the force
exerted by the dropper-dispenser in opening the jaw member will not
displace the spring from its operative location. The final turn,
lying flat against the exterior of the jaw 126, provides a broad
bearing surface for secure engagement of that member which supplies
a more reliable response against accidental displacement.
Various other modifications and designs may be employed based upon
this disclosure to accomplish the same objective. The body walls of
the plug may be shaped into any suitable form such as cylindrical,
rectangular, hexagonal, octagonal, and other such designs so long
as a liquid seal is maintained as between the plug member and the
bottle. Although the plug devices illustrated in this disclosure
generally show an inwardly tapered body wall portion such a design
is not critical. This design merely functions to provide air space
and room for the spring attachment. However, it is to be understood
that such a design is not critical to the operation of this
invention.
Furthermore, the plug assemblies illustrated herein may include a
tamperproof jaw closure, especially where the plug is molded as a
unitary piece. For example, with reference to FIG. 4, the plug
could be molded to include a weakened portion at the point of
juncture of the jaw member to the opposed body wall as indicated at
point 111. The weakened portion would function as a tearline which
is torn open the first time the dropper-dispenser is pushed against
the jaw member. Hence, once the plug assembly has been used, it
will be visibly apparent.
Others may practice this invention in any of the numerous ways
which will be suggested to one skilled in the art upon reading this
disclosure. All such practice of the invention is considered to be
covered hereby provided it falls within the scope of the appended
claims.
* * * * *