U.S. patent number 3,555,297 [Application Number 04/865,576] was granted by the patent office on 1971-01-12 for cooled ultrasonic transducer.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Eastman Kodak Company. Invention is credited to Charles W. Pierson.
United States Patent |
3,555,297 |
Pierson |
January 12, 1971 |
COOLED ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCER
Abstract
An ultrasonic transducer comprises a back body, a front body,
one or more piezo electric crystal discs sandwiched therebetween,
and a central bolt holding the elements together. Cooling air
passes into a central bore in the bolt, out the bottom of the bolt,
and up through a longitudinal groove in the outside of the bolt to
an annulus between the bolt and the piezo electric discs. The air
then passes outwardly through radial grooves between the crystal
discs and adjoining metal elements.
Inventors: |
Pierson; Charles W. (Rochester,
NY) |
Assignee: |
Eastman Kodak Company
(Rochester, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
25345819 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/865,576 |
Filed: |
October 13, 1969 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
310/325 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B06B
1/0618 (20130101); B06B 3/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B06B
1/06 (20060101); H01v 007/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;310/8.9,8.3,8.4,8.7,8.8,8.2,8.1,16 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Hirshfield; Milton O.
Assistant Examiner: Reynolds; B. A.
Claims
I claim:
1. In a fluid cooled ultrasonic transducer comprising a back body;
a front body; piezo electric crystal means sandwiched between and
in contact with end faces of said back body and said front body;
and a central bolt holding together said back body, said front
body, and said piezo electric crystal means, the improvement
wherein:
said transducer has duct means extending transversely from adjacent
said central bolt to the outside of said transducer between said
front body and said crystal means, and between said back body and
said crystal means, for conducting cooling fluid in contact with
said crystal means; and
said central bolt has longitudinal passage means therein
communicating with said duct means, said passage means being
adapted to conduct cooling fluid.
2. In an ultrasonic transducer in accordance with claim 1, said
duct means comprising a plurality of transverse grooves formed in
said end faces of said front body and said back body, said bolt
being spaced annularly from said piezo electric crystal means to
form an annulus communicating with said transverse grooves, and
said longitudinal passage means in said bolt communicating with
said annulus.
3. In an ultrasonic transducer in accordance with claim 2, said
longitudinal passage means comprising a central passage in said
bolt, and an external groove in said bolt extending from the end
thereof to said annulus, said end of said bolt being located in a
bore in said front body and terminating at a point spaced from the
bottom of said bore whereby fluid flows between said central
passage and said bore and between said bore and said annulus.
4. In a fluid cooled ultrasonic transducer in accordance with claim
2 wherein said piezo electric crystal means comprises a pair of
crystals and a spacer therebetween, said spacer having two opposite
faces in contact with said crystals, the further improvement
wherein: said two opposite faces have transverse grooves therein
extending from said annulus adjacent said central bolt to the
outside of said transducer for conducting cooling fluid in contact
with said crystals. 5. In a fluid cooled ultrasonic transducer in
accordance with claim 1, the further improvement of means
coupled to said bolt for supplying a stream of cooling fluid
thereto. 6. In a fluid cooled ultrasonic transducer in accordance
with claim 2 wherein said back body, said front body and said piezo
electric crystal means are all rings having an inner circumference
and an outer circumference, the further improvement wherein said
grooves extend radially from said inner circumference to said outer
circumference of said
bodies. 7. In a fluid cooled ultrasonic transducer in accordance
with claim 4, the further improvement wherein said back body, said
front body, said pair of crystals, and said spacer are all rings
having inner and outer circumferences, the further improvement
wherein said grooves extend radially from said inner circumference
to said outer circumference of said bodies and said spacer.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a novel ultrasonic transducer
construction having provision for improved cooling of the vibration
producing elements.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Ultrasonic transducers have been well known for a number of years
and have found extensive applications in industry for the welding
of plastics and other applications. The most commonly used
ultrasonic transducers depend upon piezo electric crystals for
generating the desired vibrations when oscillating electrical
currents are applied thereto. An example of such an ultrasonic
transducer is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,328,610. When
transducers are used continuously, the crystals tend to become
quite hot and it has been found necessary to cool them as by
passing a flow of air around the outside of the transducer. While
this is effective, I have found that substantial heat still tends
to build up in the crystals and the efficiency of cooling should be
improved if possible.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present invention the efficiency of cooling
an ultrasonic transducer is improved by providing for the flow of
cooling fluid such as air through the center of the transducer and
then laterally outward in contact with the faces of the crystals.
This mode of cooling can be accomplished in a transducer having
only a single piezo electric crystal but since the more commonly
used transducers employ two stacked crystals, the invention will be
described hereinafter with reference to such a transducer.
THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view, parts being in
elevation showing an ultrasonic transducer in accordance with the
invention:
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional sectional view taken along the line 2-2
in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the lines 3-3 or 3'-3'
in FIG. 1; and
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 4-4 in FIG.
1.
THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawings there is shown an ultrasonic transducer T
comprising a metal back body 11, a metal front body 13 and a piezo
electric crystal means C sandwiched between and in contact with end
faces 15 and 17 of such bodies.
A central bolt 19 extends through bores in the bodies 11 and 13 and
in the crystal means C and is threaded at its lower end into the
bore 21 and in front body 13. The head of bolt 19 bears against the
top of back body 11 to hold the elements tightly together.
The crystal means C comprises upper and lower piezo electric
crystal discs 23 and 25 and an intermediate metal spacer 27 having
opposite faces in intimate contact with the faces of the crystal
discs, all three being spaced from bolt 19 so that no electrical
contact is made with the bolt. Insulation from the bolt can also be
assured by positioning a cylindrical insulator within the annular
space 33, with a sufficiently loose fit to permit the flow of air.
Discs 23 and 25 can be any desired piezo electric crystal material
but the well-known PZT crystal (lead, zirconate, titanate) is
preferred.
For cooling the transducer, the bolt 19 is provided with a
longitudinal central bore 29 whose upper end is in communication
with an air supply conduit 31, and whose lower end opens into the
bottom of bore 21. The external surface of bolt 19 is provided with
a longitudinal groove 31 which extends from the bottom of the bolt
about halfway up so that fluid will flow from bore 29 into bore 21
and then up through groove 31 into an annular space 33 which
surrounds the bolt adjacent to the crystal means C.
Each of the bodies 11, 27 and 13 has the faces thereof which are in
contact with the crystals 23 and 25 formed with a series of
transversely extending radial grooves 35, 37, 39 and 41 which
extend from the inner circumferences at such ringlike members to
their outer circumferences so that air which has entered the
annulus 33 flows radially outwardly in contact with all faces of
the crystal elements.
While the preferred embodiment has been described, it is evident
that the same type of construction is susceptible to modifications
without departing from the principles of the invention. For
example, instead of supplying the air through conduit 31, the upper
portion of the transducer can be surrounded by an enclosure to
which air is supplied for flow from the outside of the transducer
to the inside and then out through the longitudinal bore 29 and the
conduit 31. It is also evident that the transducer 13 can be
supported in any desired way when operating, as by suitable clamps
or supporting discs which will permit vibration while maintaining
the desired position. It is also evident that the radial grooves
can be formed in the crystal elements rather than in the metal
bodies.
The invention has been described in detail with particular
reference to preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be
understood that variations and modifications can be effected within
the spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *