U.S. patent number 3,552,633 [Application Number 04/870,017] was granted by the patent office on 1971-01-05 for pallet case.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Inland Container Corporation. Invention is credited to Lester K. Ketler.
United States Patent |
3,552,633 |
Ketler |
January 5, 1971 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
PALLET CASE
Abstract
Pallet case for cartons or bottles has a bottom panel, upright
side panels, rectangular end panels and cover panels hinged by
scoring to the end panels, all formed from a single sheet of
suitably scored and cut fiberboard. The end panels along each side
edge have integral corner column members extending upright between
the bottom and cover panels and lying against the interior surface
of the side panels. Corner flaps depending from each side edge of
the cover panels lie exterior of said column members and terminate
at or just above the upper edge of the side panels.
Inventors: |
Ketler; Lester K.
(Indianapolis, IN) |
Assignee: |
Inland Container Corporation
(Indianapolis, IN)
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Family
ID: |
25354624 |
Appl.
No.: |
04/870,017 |
Filed: |
October 27, 1969 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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770179 |
Oct 24, 1968 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
229/244; 206/431;
229/164; 229/200; 229/915.1; 229/143; 229/198; 229/919 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
5/003 (20130101); B65D 77/042 (20130101); B65D
2577/043 (20130101); Y10S 229/919 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
5/00 (20060101); B65D 77/04 (20060101); B65d
005/20 () |
Field of
Search: |
;229/30,3I,44,45,37,16 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Bockenek; David M.
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation-in-part of my application Ser.
No. 770,179, filed Oct. 24, 1968, now abandoned abandoned.
Claims
I claim:
1. A fiberboard container made from a blank of sheet material,
which container comprises a rectangular bottom panel and a pair of
flanking rectangular end panels, said two rectangular end panels
being each hinged along the bottom edge thereof to an end edge of
said bottom panel, two flanking side panels being each hinged at
the bottom edge thereof to one of the side edges of said bottom
panel, a pair of cover panels hinged respectively to upper edges of
said end panels, four rectangular flaps hinged respectively to side
edges of said end panels, each of said rectangular flaps containing
means dividing said flap into vertical column members, said column
members of each rectangular flap being doubled back on each other
to lie at least partially in surface-to-surface contact and form a
double thickness column, and a pair of corner flaps flanking each
of said cover panels and being hinged thereto along the side edges
of said cover panels, said columns being disposed adjacent the
inner surface of said respective side panels and the inner surface
of said corner flaps.
2. A container in accordance with claim 1 wherein the sum of the
height of one of said side panels and the height of one of said
corner flaps is slightly less than the height of said column
members to provide a slight gap between the bottom edge of said
corner flap and the upper edge of said side panel.
3. A container in accordance with claim 1 wherein said rectangular
flaps are each divided into a pair of vertical column members of
substantially equal width.
4. A container in accordance with claim 1 wherein said vertical
column members are secured adhesively in surface-to-surface contact
with each other over a major portion of the adjacent surface
area.
5. A container in accordance with claim 1 wherein the width of said
cover panels and said corner flaps is at least about equal to the
width of said column.
6. A container according to claim 1 wherein serration means are
provided along the sides of said top panels to permit the top
panels to be torn from said corner flaps.
7. A container in accordance with claim 1 which is made from
double-faced corrugated fiberboard in which the flutes of the
corrugating medium extend vertically in said column-defining
members.
8. A container in accordance with claim 1 wherein the lines along
which said rectangular flaps are hinged to said end panels are
offset inwardly from the lines along which said side panels are
hinged to said bottom panel.
9. A substantially rectangular blank of fiberboard sheet material
being suitably cut and scored to define a rectangular bottom panel
and a pair of flanking rectangular end panels, said bottom panel
being defined at the side edges thereof by a pair of score lines
extending longitudinally of the blank and being defined at the end
edges thereof by first and second transverse score lines extending
between said pair of longitudinal score lines, said first and
second transverse score lines respectively each defining one end
edge of said bottom panel and the bottom edge of one of said two
rectangular end panels, cover panels hingedly attached to upper
edges of each of said end panels, respectively, along third and
fourth transverse score lines which are parallel to and spaced from
said first and second transverse score lines, said blank being cut
inward from each of its longitudinal marginal edges in general
alignment with said four transverse score lines to define two side
panels integral with and hinged to the side edges of said bottom
panel and to define four rectangular flaps hinged respectively to
said end panels and to also define a pair of corner flaps flanking
each of said cover panels which are hinged thereto along score
lines substantially aligned with said pair of longitudinal score
lines, said rectangular flaps being hinged to said end panels along
score lines offset slightly inward from said longitudinal score
lines and parallel thereto, and each of said rectangular flaps
having means parallel with its hinge attachment dividing said flap
into vertical column members whereby said column members of each
rectangular flap may be doubled back on each other to at least
partially lie in surface-to-surface contact and form a double
thickness column, whereby when said blank is erected into a
container with said columns disposed at about 90.degree. to said
end panels, said columns lie adjacent the interior surfaces of said
side panels and said corner flaps.
10. A blank in accordance with claim 9 made of double-faced
corrugated fiberboard wherein the flutes of said corrugating medium
run longitudinally of said blank.
11. A blank in accordance with claim 9 wherein the sum of the
height of one of said side panels and the height of one of said
corner flaps is slightly less than the height of said column
members.
12. A blank according to claim 9 wherein said column-forming
portions of each rectangular flap are adhesively secured in
surface-to-surface contact with each other over a major portion of
the adjacent surface area thereof.
13. A blank according to claim 9 wherein serration means is
provided along the side edges of said cover panels to permit said
cover panels to be torn from said corner flaps.
Description
This invention relates generally to a fiberboard container and more
specifically to a pallet case particularly adapted for handling
paperboard milk cartons or other like containers or bottles which
do no exhibit great structural strength when subjected to vertical
compression.
It has recently become common practice to distribute milk and
similar products in relatively square-sectioned, treated paper
cartons having a fin seal and a gable top. Such cartons are
available in various sizes, such as quart, two quart and gallon,
all of which have generally similar heights and are capable of
uniform arrangement in refrigerated display and storage cabinets.
In order to transport a group of such containers from a diary to
the retail outlets, it has been the practice to arrange a plurality
of the cartons in plastic, wood or metal wire baskets. Because the
fin top seal and slanted covers render it difficult to stack such
cartons in layers, each wire basket has a depth slightly greater
than the height of the cartons to receive the requisite number of
cartons which will constitute one layer and the baskets are adapted
to be stacked without placing any load on the milk cartons. Such
baskets are expensive and for economy must be reused, requiring
that they be returned to the dairy and cleaned.
The present invention is directed to a low cost fiberboard pallet
case for cartons or bottles of this general class, which pallet
case can be used once and discarded. The cartons of milk or other
product may be placed in the fiberboard pallet cases, stacked,
delivered to the destination, restacked, and placed in the
refrigerated display cabinets for sale, the pallet cases being
thereafter discarded. Thus, the nuisance and expense of returning
wire baskets to the dairy and cleaning them is eliminated. In
addition, the pallet cases are light in weight compared to metal
wire baskets, and a supply of the pallet cases in blank form can be
stacked in the dairy without occupying a substantial amount of
space.
The present invention is more particularly directed to an open-type
boxlike construction having reinforced load bearing corner columns.
The boxlike pallet case is constructed from a single blank of sheet
material, such as corrugated board, which has been suitably scored,
and cut, as by slitting or slotting or by some other cutting
operation. Such a pallet case can accommodate quarts, half- and
one-gallon milk cartons with equal efficiency and may easily be
sized to accommodate blow-molded thermoplastic bottles or the
like.
The above and other novel features of the invention will appear
more fully hereinafter from the following detailed description when
read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is expressly
understood that the drawings are employed for purposes of
illustration only and are not designed as a definition of the
limits of the invention, reference being had for this purpose to
the appended claims.
In the drawings, wherein like reference characters indicate like
parts:
FIG. 1 is a composite perspective view of two pallet cases oriented
for stacking and of a group of paperboard cartons for which the
cases are suited;
FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken generally along the
line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
FIG. 2A is a fragmentary view of a modification of the pallet case
shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 2B is a fragmentary view of another modification of the pallet
case shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a rectangular blank, scored and cut in the
manner to form the pallet case shown in FIG. 1; and
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the blank shown in FIG. 3 with the waste
removed and with portions doubled over.
FIG. 1 shows two fiberboard pallet cases in exploded, vertically
spaced relation to illustrate the stacking practice to be employed
and to illustrate the manner of filling the pallet case. Also
illustrated in broken lines are the partial covers in the position
in which they might reside after the pallet case is filled and
before the covers are closed to provide a stacking platform for an
additional pallet case to be disposed thereatop.
Each pallet case or container is formed from a single rectangular
blank 20 of corrugated fiberboard; however, other suitable
fiberboard or sheet material may also be used, as for instance a
sandwich of expanded polystyrene between two sheets of linerboard.
As an example, for a pallet case designed to accommodate four
one-gallon milk cartons, the blank 20 may be about 24 by 36 or 37
inches, and the corrugating media flutes preferably run lengthwise
of the blank as shown. However, for other applications, it may be
desirable to have the corrugating media flutes running
transversely, instead of lengthwise of the blank.
As shown in FIG. 3, the blank 20 is scored lengthwise long lines 22
and 24, which extend the length of the blank but which are
preferably offset inwardly from otherwise straight alignment at
sections 22a and 24a for a purpose explained hereinafter. The
offset is by an amount at least about equal to the thickness of the
corrugated fiberboard and may be offset by an amount 1 and 1/2
times the thickness. However, the lines 22 and 24 may be completely
straight with crowding in the corners being relied upon to complete
the setup and squaring of the pallet case. Transverse score lines
26 and 28 cross score lines 22 and 24 to provide a rectangular
bottom panel 30, which in the illustrated embodiment is a 12-inch
square base. Additional transverse score lines 70 and 72 define
cover panels 48 and 50 which are hinged therealong to the upper
edges of the end panels 44 and 46, and which are sized to only
partially cover the top of the container.
The blank 20 is cut, slit or slotted inwardly from the longitudinal
marginal edges to the score lines 22 and 24 at locations 32, 34, 36
and 38, and at locations 33, 35, 37 and 39, thereby defining side
panels 40 and 42, end panels 44 and 46, cover flaps 52 and 54 which
are hinged in flanking relationship to cover panels 48 and 50, and
rectangular panels 56, 58, 60 and 62. The rectangular panels 56,
58, 60, and 62 are suitably partially cut or slit at one surface or
creased along lines 57, 59, 61 and 63, respectively, to create two
hinged column-forming portions 56a and b, 58a and b, 60a and b, and
62a and b. These hinged portions are adapted to be bent back on
each other into surface-to-surface contact to form the columns
shown in FIG. 2.
In addition, the portions of the score lines 22 and 24 and the
transverse score lines 70 and 72 defining the cover panels 48 and
50 may be serrated or perforated to permit easy tear-out of the
panels 48 and 50 after the pallet case has reached its shipping
destination, to facilitate materials handling, pricing, and
display. However, instead of serrating the score lines, it may be
preferable to locate the serrations alongside the score lines to
guard against inadvertent tearing. The blank 20, shown in FIG. 3,
which has been suitably cut and scored and serrated, if desired, as
above described, may be economically shipped in quantity to a dairy
where the pallet cases can be quickly erected and filled in a
simple operation.
Either prior to, or as an integral part of, the erection of the
pallet case, the column members are folded over into
surface-to-surface contact along the lines 57, 59, 61 and 63 which
in double-face corrugated fiberboard may slit one liner and the
corrugating medium to provide a single liner hinge. Such folding
creates a column, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, which in combination
with the overlying covers provides additional structural strength
in the corners of the pallet cases to permit stacking without
relying upon the milk cartons to supply vertical strength. The
respective two column-forming portions may be glued or stitched or
otherwise secured together. Preferably, the portions are adhesively
joined over a major part of their adjacent surfaces to achieve a
mutual reinforcement effect. If the columns are not to be formed as
a part of an overall filling and closing operation, it might be
desirable to form the columns prior to shipping the blanks 20 to
the dairy.
Upon arrival at the dairy, the blank 20 is erected by forming the
columns from the column-forming panels 56, 58, 60 and 62, folding
the columns through 90.degree. so they are disposed at right angles
to the end panels 44 and 46 and folding the end panels 44 and 46
upwardly to form the ends. Thereafter, the side panels 40 and 42
are folded upwardly and glued or stapled or otherwise secured to
the outer surfaces of the column members 56a 58a, 60a and 62a.
Because the score lines 22a and 24a are offset from the score lines
22 and 24 which form the hinge between the bottom panel 30 and the
flanking side panels 40 and 42, there is no interference between
the vertical columns and the vertical alignment of the side panels
40 and 42 in the assembled configuration.
The pallet case may be loaded after it has been erected to this
configuration with the covers 48 and 50 left open, as shown at 48'
and 50' in FIG. 1. Alternatively, it may be desirable to load the
milk cartons (or whatever contents the pallet case is being used to
carry) onto the bottom panel 30 before the side panels 40 and 42
are joined to the columns. In such an instance, the pallet case is
erected by wrapping the panels of the blank 20 generally around the
milk cartons and sealing the panels, with adhesive or other means,
with the contents in place.
By reason of its shape, the pallet case will accommodate four
one-gallon cartons or nine half-gallon cartons or 16 quart cartons.
After loading, the cover panels 48 and 50 are folded over and the
cover flaps 52 and 54 are stapled, or otherwise secured as by
adhesive, to the outer surface of the column members 56a, 58a, 60 a
and 62a. If desired, the cover flaps 52 and 54 may extend below the
top edge of the side panels 40 and 42 and be affixed to the side
members as well. Staples, if employed, may be disposed vertically
or horizontally as indicated at 53 (FIG. 1) and may overlap the
flap 52 and the side panel 42.
Preferably, the sum of the height of the cover flaps 52 and 54 (x,
FIG. 4) and height of the side panels 40 and 42 (y, FIG. 4) is
slightly less than or equal to the height of the column members 56,
58, 60 and 62 (z, FIG. 4). When the sum is slightly less than the
column height (x + y < z ) a slight gap is provided as
illustrated in FIG. 1. By providing such a slight gap, for example,
about one-eighth inch, sealing of the loaded cases on mechanical
equipment is facilitated, and, when the loaded pallet cases are
stacked, there is room for some slight deflection before the bottom
edges of the corner flaps 52 and 54 abut the top edges of the side
panels 40 and 42.
To provide the desired stacking strength, it is considered
preferable that the width of the cover panels 48 and 50 and the
cover flaps 52 and 54 be at least equal to the column width.
However, the cover panels 48 and 50 may be made wider, if desired,
for example to provide a complete cover. Similarly, although the
column-forming members are preferably of equal width, as
illustrated, the width of the free portions, 56b for example, could
be made leas less than the intermediate portion 56a by positioning
the line 57 at a location past the midpoint of the flap 56.
As soon as the cover panels are secured, the pallet case is
complete and ready for stacking, shipping and even ultimate
placement in a refrigerated display compartment. To facilitate
access to the cartons within each pallet case, serrations, as
previously mentioned, are located along the lines defining the
cover panels 48 and 50. If desired, serrations may only be located
along the sides of the cover panels 48 and 50 to facilitate
separation from the flaps 52 and 54 and allow the panels to be
folded upward. When the pallet case has served its purpose and its
contents have been removed, it is anticipated that it will be
discarded and destroyed.
It will be seen that the pallet case also affords some thermal
insulation for the milk cartons therewithin inasmuch as the
sidewalls 40 and 42 extend substantially to the shoulder at the
gable top of the milk cartons. Gallon cartons measure about 55/8
inch square, half-gallon cartons measure about 33/4 inch square,
and quart cartons measure about 23/4 inch square. Because all have
about the same overall height, the pallet case readily accommodates
four, nine or 16 cartons respectively and protects the cartons
during shipment from dairy to the market, while assisting in
insulating the cartons, which are usually prechilled before
delivery. Another advantage of the illustrated pallet case lies in
the fact that all six of its exterior surfaces are smooth, insofar
as there are no portions projecting out of the surface plane. This
feature facilitates handling, stacking and palletizing by
mechanical equipment because pallet cases can be moved past one
another in surface-to-surface contact inasmuch as there are no
projections which would likely cause jams or blockages to
occur.
Because the pallet case occupies little space, it may be placed in
the refrigerated display cases at the retail market without
removing the cartons therefrom, access to the individual cartons
being readily afforded by tearing away the cover panels 48 and 50.
Inasmuch as tests show a pallet case constructed of double-face
corrugated fiberboard using the column-cover arrangement
illustrated can support over a half ton, any number of pallet cases
filled with milk cartons can be stacked as high as manual handling
permits because the weight of each filled pallet case scarcely
exceeds 32 pounds. A pallet case of milk cartons weighing 32 pounds
can also be readily handled by market personnel.
It should be appreciated that the free portions 56b, 58b, 60b and
62b of the column-forming members may be disposed either interior
of the intermediate portion 56a, 58a, 60a and 62a, as shown in FIG.
2, or between them and the interior surfaces of the side panels 40
and 42 as is FIG. 2A wherein the column 56' is constructed by
folding the portion 56' b to lie sandwiched between the portion 56'
a and the side panel 40. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2B, a
third section 56" c can be provided in each of the column-forming
members that would be folded at right angles to lie against the
interior surface of the end panel 44. In such an instance, the
width of the individual column-forming members might be reduced to
preserve the overall rectangular configuration of the blank.
Furthermore, if the pallet case is designed for bottles or the like
having a rounded cross section, the sections 56" b and 56" c might
not extend all the way into the corner. Instead, the sections might
be disposed so that the section 56" b only partially lies in
surface-to-surface contact with the section 56" a and then extends
obliquely across the corner.
While a single embodiment of the invention has generally been
illustrated and described, it is to be understood that the
invention is not limited thereto. Because various changes in the
construction and arrangement may be made without departing from the
spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in
the art, reference will be had to the appended claims for a
definition of the limits of the invention.
* * * * *