U.S. patent number 3,889,100 [Application Number 05/493,333] was granted by the patent office on 1975-06-10 for oven ventilating system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to General Electric Company. Invention is credited to Raymond L. Dills.
United States Patent |
3,889,100 |
Dills |
June 10, 1975 |
Oven ventilating system
Abstract
A baking and broiling oven having cooling air channels
surrounding an insulated oven liner. The oven liner includes a
front access door with a cooling air channel extending upwardly
therethrough. A suction fan is located near the top of the oven to
induce an air flow through all of the air channels for reducing the
exterior surface temperatures of the oven. A constriction is formed
in the gap above the oven door to create an aspirator effect to
increase the amount of cooling air flow through the door.
Inventors: |
Dills; Raymond L. (Louisville,
KY) |
Assignee: |
General Electric Company
(Louisville, KY)
|
Family
ID: |
23959803 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/493,333 |
Filed: |
July 31, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
219/393; 126/198;
126/299R; 219/400; 126/21A; 126/200; 219/396; 454/195 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F24C
15/006 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F24C
15/00 (20060101); F27d 011/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;219/391,392,393,396,399,400,522 ;126/21A,11A,190,193,198,200,299B
;98/88R,115R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Mayewsky; Volodymyr Y.
Claims
What is claimed as new and is desired to be secured by Letters
Patent of the United States is:
1. An oven having a cooking cavity formed by a box-like oven liner
and a front-opening access door, heating means for supplying heat
energy to the cooking cavity, thermal insulating means surrounding
the oven liner and also included within the said door for retaining
the oven heat within the cooking cavity, an outer oven cabinet
surrounding the insulated oven liner, cooling air channels formed
within the oven cabinet around the oven liner as well as within the
door for reducing the outer surface temperatures of the cabinet and
door as room ambient air flows through the air channels, the door
having air inlet openings along its bottom edge and air outlet
openings along its top edge to create a vertical flow of natural
convection air currents, the outer oven cabinet having air inlet
means for introducing air into the cooling air channels of the
cabinet, and an oven control panel located above the oven door and
mounted on the oven cabinet; the invention comprising a suction fan
located in the air channel above the oven liner and behind the
control panel for drawing air up through the air channels within
the oven cabinet, said top air channel also having air inlet means
beneath the control panel and generally in alignment with the air
outlet openings in the top edge of the door, a constriction formed
in the door gap above the top edge of the door a slight amount
forward of the air outlet openings in the door so as to increase
the velocity of ambient air flow over the top edge of the door and
thereby reduce the static pressure just above the said air outlet
openings in the door so that the vertical air flow through the door
is augmented by an aspirator effect created by the said
constriction.
2. An oven as recited in claim 1 wherein there is a raised
formation on the top edge of the oven door just in front of the air
outlet openings, and extending substantially from one side of the
door to the other, this raised formation cooperating with the
adjacent bottom surface of the top air channel to form the said
constriction, both said air outlet openings in the top edge of the
door and the air inlet openings in the top air channel beneath the
control panel extending substantially from one side of the door to
the other.
3. An oven as recited in claim 2 wherein the air channel within the
oven door is a relatively narrow channel created by a vertical
panel closely spaced behind the front panel of the door, so that
this narrow air channel in the door retards turbulence of the air
within the air channel and contributes to a swift laminar flow to
improve the efficiency of the heat transfer from the front door
panel to the cooling air stream passing up through the door.
4. An oven as recited in claim 2 wherein partitions are formed in
conjunction with the control panel to prevent the sweep of air
entering the top air channel through the air inlet openings from
reaching the components associated with the control panel.
5. An oven as recited in claim 4 wherein the said partitioned area
behind the control panel is open to the outside of the oven and is
open to the said suction fan so that when the suction fan is
operated cooling air is drawn through the partitioned area so as to
increase the useful life of the control components.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to baking and broiling ovens, and
particularly to a forced air cooling system for maintaining the
outer surfaces of the oven below predetermined maximum
temperatures. This invention is primarily directed to means for
increasing the flow of cooling air up through the front door of the
oven.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Air cooling systems have been built into oven designs for many
years, as is shown by U.S. Pat. No. 3,121,158 of Bohdan Hurko,
which is assigned to the same assignee as the present invention.
Such cooling systems are particularly useful with ovens that are
provided with a pyrolytic self-cleaning oven cycle where the
temperatures within the cooking cavity may reach as high as
950.degree.F. High temperature limits for the outer surfaces of the
oven are even more difficult to maintain when a self-cleaning oven
is built into a wall, rather than being a free-standing appliance.
An air cooling system for a built-in wall oven is described in U.S.
Pat. No. 3,310,046 of George A. Scott and James K. Newell, Jr.,
which is also assigned to the assignee of the present invention.
Cooling air channels have also been provided in the oven doors for
permitting natural convection air currents to flow up through the
door, and thereby reduce the exterior temperatures of the door. One
such door design is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,736,916 of James A.
White, which is also assigned to the present assignee.
The principal object of the present invention is to provide a
ventilating system for a baking and broiling oven using suction fan
means to propel the cooling air around the oven liner, as well as
through the oven door.
A further object of the present invention is to provide an oven
ventilating system of the class described in combination with an
aspirating action created across the top edge of the oven door for
improving the efficiency of heat transfer between the outer door
panel and the cooling air passing up through the door.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, in accordance with one form thereof, relates
to an oven construction having a heated cooking cavity formed by
insulated walls. There is an outer oven cabinet surrounding the
insulated oven walls, and cooling air channels formed within the
oven cabinet so that air flowing through the channels will reduce
the outer surface temperatures of the cabinet. The oven door also
has a vertical air cooling channel. There is a suction fan located
in the top portion of the oven cabinet for producing a strong draft
of air in the oven cabinet. This top air channel communicates with
the vertical air channel in the door so that the suction fan
augments the natural convection air currents through the door.
Moreover, a constriction is formed in the door gap above the top
edge of the door so as to increase the velocity of ambient air flow
over the door and thereby reduce the static pressure at that
location so that the vertical air flow through the door is further
augmented by an aspirator effect created by the constriction.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
This invention will be better understood from the following
description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, and
its scope will be pointed out in the appended claims.
The drawing is a right side elevational view of an electric,
built-in wall oven with some parts broken away and others in
cross-section to show the general nature of the oven construction,
as well as the air flow pattern created by the suction fan around
the outside of an insulated oven liner as well as up through the
oven door. A constriction is formed in the door gap along the top
edge of the door for creating an aspirator effect to further
improve the heat transfer efficiency between the outer door panel
and the cooling air passing up through the door.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Turning now to a consideration of the drawing, there is shown a
built-in wall oven 10 having an oven cooking cavity 12 formed by a
box-like oven liner 14 with a front opening that is adapted to be
closed by a hinged, drop-door 16. The particular oven shown is an
electric oven, as is clear from the presence of a lower bake
element 17 and an upper broil element 18 adjacent the top wall of
the oven liner 14. However, this invention is not limited to use
with electrically heated ovens; it could just as well be used with
a gas heated oven, both of which are conventional in this art. A
layer of thermal insulating material 20 of fiber glass or the like
is placed around the outside of the oven liner 14 for retaining as
much as possible of the oven heat within the cooking cavity 12. An
oven cabinet construction 22 encircles the insulated oven liner 14,
but it is spaced outwardly therefrom to form cooling air channels
24, at least up the two sides of the oven, and up the back of the
oven, and across the top of the oven. At the bottom of the oven
there may be a slightly different construction. The bottom may be
left somewhat open, except for a pair of spaced runners or beams 26
on which the oven would be supported during assembly in the
factory, or display in the appliance dealer's showroom, or for
supporting in a hollow wall structure. In any event, cooling air is
allowed to flow beneath the bottom of the insulated oven liner.
The outer oven cabinet 22 has opposite side walls 28 which do not
extend down to cover the runners 26, but they are shortened so that
air may flow underneath the lower edge of the side walls and rise
up through the air channels 24 formed between the side wall 28 and
the layer of insulation 20 that surrounds all of the walls of the
oven liner. At the front of the oven, beneath the oven door 16, is
an open grill work or screen 30 of elongated shape that extends
from one side to the other of the oven cabinet and serves as a
primary air inlet means for the air cooling channels 24 within the
oven cabinet 22. Additional air inlet openings may be formed in the
front frame of the outer oven cabinet 22 that surrounds the front
door opening along the two sides of the door, but these are not
shown and they do not form a necessary part of this invention.
The cooling air channel 24 above the oven liner is provided with a
small electric motor 32 and a blower wheel 34 supported from a
vertical shaft of the motor. The blower wheel is provided with a
metal housing or shroud 36 having an inlet opening 38 adjacent the
bottom thereof such that when the motor 32 is energized the blower
wheel 34 will draw air up into itself and discharge it through a
tangential duct 40 out through an exhaust vent 42, either at the
top or back wall of the oven cabinet. This explains the air flow
pattern of drawing room air into the air inlet 30 beneath the oven
door 16 and across the bottom of the oven liner and up through the
air channels 24 at the three sides of the oven liner and across the
top air channel 24 into the blower wheel 34. Attention will now be
directed to the construction of the oven door 16. This door is
generally of sheet metal construction having three main elements;
an outer door panel 50, an inner door liner 52, and a small central
inner panel 54 that is supported from the inner door liner. The
outer door panel 50 is of shallow pan configuration by virtue of
the fact that it has a slightly rearwardly facing peripheral flange
56. The inner door liner 52 is also of shallow pan configuration,
and it is of mating or telescopic construction with the outer door
panel 50 by virtue of the fact that it has a slight front-facing
peripheral flange 58 which slips into the peripheral flange 56.
Suitable screw fasteners (not shown) hold the inner door liner 52
to the outer door panel 50 near the top edge of the door in
conjunction with an oven door handle 60 that is located along the
front face of the door near the top thereof. At the bottom of the
door there is a tab and slot connecting relationship at 62 along
most of the bottom edge of the door which prevents separation of
the outer door panel 50 from the inner door liner 52 unless the
above-mentioned screw fasteners at the top of the door are first
removed.
The inner door liner 52 includes a generally rectangular outward
embossment 64 which is adapted to project somewhat into a recessed
front frame 66 of the outer oven cabinet 22 which surrounds the
oven liner 14. The box-like oven liner 14 has an outwardly turned
front flange 68 which bears against the front frame 66, and the
oven liner is pulled rearwardly into the oven cabinet 22 by tension
means (not shown) such as J-bolts or the like, as is standard
practice in this art. The central inner panel 54 is also of shallow
pan shape with a slight front-facing peripheral flange 70, and this
inner panel is adapted to project into the throat of the oven liner
14 in the manner of a close-fitting plug. The flat face of the
embossment 64 of the inner door liner 52 is formed with a large
opening or cut-out for accommodating the flanged portion 70 of the
inner panel 54 therein, so that the inner panel substantially fills
the opening. This opening is also provided with an inwardly turned
front-facing peripheral flange 72 which closely parallels the
peripheral flange 70 of the inner panel. Wrapped around the
peripheral flange 70 near the edge thereof is a strip gasket 74 of
thermal insulating material such as woven fiber glass or the like.
This gasket 74 has an enlarged exposed edge 76 that is adapted to
seal against the front flange 68 of the oven liner 14 when the door
16 is closed. This strip gasket 74 is sandwiched between the flange
70 and the generally parallel flange 72 to serve as a thermal break
between the inner panel 54 and the inner door liner 52. Fastening
screws 78 hold the inner panel 54 assembled to the inner door liner
52.
This particular oven door 16 happens to be provided with an oven
window 90, although the present invention does not require a window
in the door. The outer door panel 50 has a window opening 92 with a
trim frame 94. Over this window frame is sealed a first pane 96 of
high temperature glass or the like. The inner panel 54 is also
provided with a window opening 98 having a front-facing flange 100
over which is sealed a double window pack 102 comprising a pair of
glass panes 104 and 106 which are held apart by a peripheral spacer
frame 108, and assembled together by a channel member 110 which
extends completely around the window pack and is fastened together
at its two ends to form a complete sub-assembly, as is standard in
this art. Surrounding the window pack 102 is a layer of thermal
insulating material 112 such as fiber glass or the like. This
insulation in conjunction with the double window pack 102 serves as
a suitable thermal insulating means to retain the heat within the
oven cooking cavity 12. The insulation 112 is confined by an
insulation guard 114 which is a sheet metal plate that is fastened
to the flange 72 of the inner door liner by screw fasteners 116. Of
course, this insulation guard 114 also has a window opening in the
vicinity of the double window pack 102 so as not to obscure the
view through the window.
A vertical air channel 120 is present within the oven door 16, and
it is formed at the bottom by the presence of a sheet metal panel
122 that closely overlies the outer door panel 50 in the area
beneath the window 90. Air inlet openings 124 are located along the
bottom portion of the rearwardly turned flange 56 to communicate
with the narrow air channel 120. The plate 122 also extends up the
two sides of the window and rises from the top of the window to the
top edge of the door. The plate 122 in the area along the bottom
edge of the window is turned rearwardly as at 126 to allow the
cooling air to pass into the area between the first pane 96 and the
central pane 104. This cooling air is more turbulent in this area
because of the relatively wide area between the glass panes. This
cooling air from the window area again passes up in front of the
panel 122 as at 120. Air outlet openings 132 are formed in the top
portion of the rearwardly turned flange 56 such that the cooling
air rising through the air channel exits through the outlet
openings 132.
The front wall of the top air channel 24 serves as a control panel
135 on which are mounted a plurality of oven control components 137
which may be manually adjusted as by use of a knob 139 for
controlling the various heating circuits, the oven temperature, a
clock-timer, all of which are conventional in this art. The control
panel 135 is located generally directly above the oven door 16. Air
inlet openings 141 are located in the bottom wall 156 of the top
air channel 24 near the front of the oven and generally directly
overlying the air outlet openings 132 along the top edge of the
oven door 16. Thus, when the suction fan 34 is energized, it not
only draws air into the air channels 24 through the air inlet
openings 30 beneath the bottom edge of the oven door, but it also
tends to pull air up through the door through the air inlet
openings 124 along the bottom edge of the door and out the air
outlet openings 132 and through the air inlet openings 141 into the
blower wheel 34. Accordingly, there is not only natural convection
air currents through the door but also air is drawn up through the
door by means of the suction fan 34.
It is preferred that this cooling air movement through the door not
be allowed to reach the control components 137 because this air
picks up heat energy from the oven door and would tend to
contribute to higher temperatures of the control components.
Accordingly, partitions 143 and 145 are positioned beneath the
components and across the back side of the components to form a
closed area 147 housing the control components and separating them
from the cooling air path that passes through the oven door.
In order to cool down the control components 137, air inlet
openings 149 may be formed along the top edge of the control panel
135, and air outlet openings 151 may be formed in the bottom
partition 143 near the rear partition 145 such that when the
suction fan 34 is energized cooling air will be drawn through the
control housing 147 and combined with the cooling air coming from
the door to pass out through the suction fan 34.
A constriction 155 is formed in the door gap above the top edge of
the door a slight amount forward of the air outlet openings 132 in
the door so as to increase the velocity of ambient air flow over
the top edge of the door caused by the suction fan and thereby
reduce the static pressure just above the air outlet openings 132,
so that the vertical air flow through the door is augmented by an
aspirator effect created by this constriction. This constriction
155 may be formed by creating a raised formation 157 along the top
edge of the door just in front of the air outlet openings 132, or
the constriction could be formed by having a pair of formations 157
on the door and 159 on the bottom surface of the bottom wall 156
forming the top air channel 24. A preferred embodiment would have
the spacing or height of the constriction 155 equal to about
one-half of the height of the gap between the top edge of the door
and the bottom surface of the wall 156 of the top air channel. This
would give optimum aspirating effects.
Modifications of this invention will occur to those skilled in this
art, therefore, it is to be understood that this invention is not
limited to the particular embodiments disclosed but that it is
intended to cover all modifications which are within the true
spirit and scope of this invention as claimed.
* * * * *