U.S. patent number 3,690,035 [Application Number 05/129,371] was granted by the patent office on 1972-09-12 for window or door.
Invention is credited to AT, Karl Schindlauer, 11, Ferdinand Buchbergergasse.
United States Patent |
3,690,035 |
|
September 12, 1972 |
WINDOW OR DOOR
Abstract
The invention relates to a window or door with window wing or
door wing and window case or door case made of plastics sections,
the hinges comprising parts integrally connected with the wing and
case, respectively, namely a hinge shell and an axially movable
hinge pin, in which the improvement resides in that a plurality of
hinges is arranged along the sides, preferably along all sides of
the window or door, comprising hinge pins guided in sleeves
inserted in bores in the wing section or case section,
respectively, which hinge pins by means of an electric drive may
selectively be pushed out into the respective shell-forming bore of
the corresponding case section or corresponding wing section and
retracted from said bore, whereby, when the hinge pins are pushed
out on only one side of the window or door while at the same time
the hinge pins on all other sides of the window or door are
retracted, a swinging axis is formed, whereas, when on more than
one side of the window or door the hinge pins are pushed out, locks
are formed. With this arrangement an excellent connection between
the sections is achieved.
Inventors: |
Karl Schindlauer, 11, Ferdinand
Buchbergergasse (Modling), AT (N/A) |
Family
ID: |
3544404 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/129,371 |
Filed: |
March 30, 1971 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
Current U.S.
Class: |
49/192;
16/230 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05D
15/48 (20130101); E05D 7/1005 (20130101); E05D
15/5211 (20130101); E05D 15/5214 (20130101); E05D
15/52 (20130101); Y10T 16/5275 (20150115); E05Y
2900/148 (20130101); E05Y 2900/132 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E05D
15/48 (20060101); E05d 015/52 () |
Field of
Search: |
;49/192,193,382,395,397
;16/147 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Kenneth Downey
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Kurt Kelman
Claims
What I claim is:
1. A window comprising in combination window wing and window case
made of plastics sections, and hinges having parts integrally
connected with said wing and case, each of said hinges including a
hinge shell and an axially movable hinge pin; a plurality of hinges
being arranged along at least one side of the window, each hinge
comprising a hinge pin guided in a sleeve inserted in a bore in one
of said sections and operable by means of an electric drive to be
selectively engaged into a respective shell-forming bore of the
corresponding other section and retracted from said bore, whereby,
when the hinge pins are engaged on only one side of the window
while at the same time any hinge pins provided on other sides of
the window are retracted, a swinging axis is formed, whereas, when
hinge pins are engaged on more than one side of the window, locks
are formed.
2. The window set forth in claim 1, wherein the case section is
provided with canals for accommodating cables for supplying
electric current to said electric drives for the hinge pins.
3. The window set forth in claim 1, wherein hinge pins arranged on
each side of the window are actuated by a common switch.
4. The window set forth in claim 1, wherein switches for actuating
the pins are provided in the case section.
5. A window comprising in combination, window wing and window case
made of plastics sections, and hinges having parts integrally
connected with such wing and case, each of said hinges including a
hinge shell and an axially movable hinge pin; a plurality of hinges
being arranged along at least one side of the window, each hinge
comprising a hollow hinge pin guided in a sleeve inserted in a bore
in one of said sections and operable by means of an electromotor
drive to be selectively engaged into a respective shell-forming
bore of the corresponding other section and retracted from said
bore, said hollow hinge pin connected with a screw nut, a spindle
engaging with said screw nut being arranged in the sleeve and
driven by said electromotor drive, whereby when the hinge pins are
engaged on only one side of the window while at the same time any
hinge pins provided on other sides of the window are retracted, a
swinging axis is formed, whereas, when hinge pins are engaged on
more than one side of the window, locks are formed.
6. The window set forth in claim 5 wherein said screw nut is
disposed within said hollow hinge pin.
7. The window set forth in claim 5 wherein the hinge shell includes
inner guiding projections for the pin.
Description
The invention relates to a window or a door comprising a window
wing or a door wing and a window case or door case made of plastics
sections, the hinges comprising parts integrally connected with the
wing and the case, respectively, namely a hinge shell and an
axially movable hinge pin.
Window wings and door wings and window cases and door cases made of
plastics sections are produced either in one part or they are set
together from a few parts that may easily be connected with each
other. Their production needs little manual labor; the production
course may easily be automated. Despite these advantages window and
door wings and window and door cases made of plastics hardly ever
were preferred to such made of wood or metal. The reason for this
fact was to be found in their heavy construction necessitated by
the high stresses owing to their dead weight and the wind pressure
and the relatively small strength of the plastics material. This
was particularly true for the highly stressed hinge parts and the
adjoining areas of the power introduction from window wing or door
wing to window case or door case.
Hinges are known which are arranged on one of the vertical sides
and/or the lower or the upper horizontal side of a window or a
door. These hinges are provided either with a pin that extends over
the entire length of a side of the window or door or with several
shorter pins. In window or doors which turn around but one axis the
pin is or the pins are stationary, i.e., it or they cannot be
displaced in the direction of their longitudinal extension. In
windows or doors which may selectively be swung around different
axes, so-called tilt and turn windows or doors, hinges are used
which are provided with pins extending over the entire length of
one side of the window or door. These pins may be displaced along
their longitudinal extension by means of readjustment devices and
can thus be brought into and out of engagement with a bore in the
window or door case or in the window or door wing,
respectively.
In window and door wings and window and door cases made of
plastics, because of the relatively small strength of the used
plastics material, as a rule hinges are used which provide a solid
connection between the window or door wing and the window or door
case over as great a part of the frame margin of the window or door
wing as possible. Thus, the total stress is accommodated by several
hinge parts so that the individual parts may be designed to be
lighter. However, hinges extending over a great part of the frame
margin of the window or door wing are rather expensive, in
particular when the hinge pins may be displaced longitudinally by
means of an expensive readjustment device, as is the case in the
so-called tilt and turn windows or doors, respectively. Thus the
advantage is lost which was gained by the lighter design of windows
and doors owing to the continuous hinges.
The invention is aimed at avoiding the described disadvantages and
difficulties and at providing a solid connection between the window
or door wing and the window or door case if possible over the
entire length of the margin of the window or door wing. Further, it
is a task of the invention to create a window or a door the hinges
of which also serve for locking.
In a window or door of the kind defined in the introduction the
invention resides in that a plurality of hinges are arranged along
the sides, preferably along all sides, of the window or door, which
hinges comprise hinge pins guided within sleeves inserted in bores
in the wing section or case section, respectively, which hinge pins
by means of an electric drive may selectively be engaged into the
respective shell-forming bore of the corresponding case section or
corresponding wing section and retracted from said bore, whereby,
when the hinge pins are engaged on only one side of the window or
the door while at the same time the hinge pins at all other sides
of the window or the door are retracted, a swinging axis is formed,
whereas, when the hinge pins are engaged on more than one side of
the window or the door, locks are formed.
The hinge pin is suitably designed to be hollow and connected with
a screw nut, a spindle engaging with said screw nut being arranged
in the sleeve and driven by an electromotor.
The pin may also be connected with a spindle engaging with a nut
which is arranged in the sleeve and driven by an electromotor.
Further, the pin may advantageously be actuated by an
electromagnet.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention a plurality of
hinges are arranged along all sides of the window or door. Thus,
throughout the frame outline of the window or the door a solid
connection is provided between the window or door wing and the
window or door case. On those sides of the window or the door, on
which no swinging axis is provided, the hinge pins serve for
locking. With windows or doors which turn around one axis only, all
hinge pins arranged outside the swinging axis have the function of
locking. On principle, however, all hinge pins may function as
swinging axes practically without any further expenses so that such
a window or door with hinge pins arranged along the sides of the
window or door may turn around axes given on all four sides. The
hinge pins may be arranged at the window or door case or at the
window or door wing.
Advantageously canals for accommodating cables for supplying
electric current to the electric drives of the hinge pins are
provided in the case section.
Preferably all hinge pins arranged on one side of the window or the
door may be actuated by a common switch. Suitably the hinge pins
arranged on different sides of the window or the door may be
actuated by a common switch. The hinge pins arranged on one side of
the window or the door remain at rest and form the swinging axis
when all other hinge pins are actuated.
The switches may be built in in the case section in which, if
desired, also openings for receiving batteries, transformers or the
like, are provided.
In order that the invention may be more fully understood it shall
now be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a hinge pin which
may be retracted into and pushed out of a sleeve,
FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of vertical window case and
frame (wing) sections,
FIG. 3 shows the two sections according to FIG. 2 in a perspective
view of a part length,
FIG. 4 shows the front view of a window according to the invention,
and in
FIGS. 5 and 6 two possible open positions are illustrated.
In FIG. 1 numeral 1 denotes the hinge pin and numeral 2 the sleeve
of the hinge pin. The pin is provided with a continuous bore 3
which widens at its lower end for receiving a screw nut 4 which is
rigidly connected with the pin 1. An electromotor 5 is built in the
lower part of the sleeve 2 which motor drives a screw spindle 6
engaging with the screw nut 4. By actuating the motor 5, the pin 1
may easily be displaced within the sleeve 2 which closely surrounds
the pin by means of guiding projections 7. The sleeve is provided
at its upper end with a flange 8 having a key-like projection 9 for
connection with the window case section 10 (FIGS. 2 and 3). The
window case section 10 is of box type cross section and is provided
at regular heigth distances with hinge parts 11 having a bore 12
for receiving the sleeve 2 of the hinge pin. Between the hinge
parts 11 of the window case section arranged in spaced relationship
to each other, the hinge parts 13 of the window frame section 14 to
be connected with the window case section are fitted, which parts
13 are arranged at the same height distances as the hinge parts 11.
In FIG. 2 the hinge part 11 illustrated in dash lines is covered by
the hinge part 13. The hinge part 13 comprises a bore 15 for
receiving the pin 1. In the window case section 10 canals 17 are
arranged parallel to the bores 12 and connected with them by a slit
16; they serve for accommodating cables. The key-like projection 9
at the flange 8 of the sleeve 2 is fitted in the slit 16 so that
the sleeves of the hinge pins are secured against rotation.
The horizontal window case sections and window frame sections are
designed just as the vertical sections 10 and 14 illustrated in
FIGS. 2 and 3.
FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 illustrate how the hinge and locking mechanism
functions. The window 18 is mounted with its window frame section
14 in the window case section 10 by means of a plurality of hinge
and locking elements, i.e., on each side, both on the horizontal
and the vertical sides, of the window two such elements 13 are
arranged which engage with corresponding elements 11 of the case
section 10. As explained in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3, each
hinge and locking element comprises a sleeve 2 and an axially
movable pin which may be actuated by an electric drive and pushed
out into a bore of a corresponding section and retracted
therefrom.
FIG. 4 shows the window in closed position, in which all pins 1 are
pushed out into the corresponding bores. In this case the window is
locked on all sides. When the pins are retracted into their sleeves
2 on three sides and remain in locked position on the fourth side
the window may be swung around the axis formed by these pins.
In FIG. 5 the pins of the lower horizontal side are in locked
position. The window here has the function of a tilting window.
In FIG. 6 the pins of the right vertical side are in locked
position so that a swinging axis is formed. The window thus has the
function of a turn-wing window.
The respective pins are actuated by means of a group of switches
which are built in the window case as indicated at 18, one switch
being provided for the pins arranged on one window side. The hinge
and locking mechanism according to the invention may in like manner
be used for windows or doors comprising several wings in which case
the hinge and locking mechanism is provided in analogous manner
also at the central post.
The subsequent claims directed to a "window" are understood to read
equally on doors of like construction.
* * * * *