U.S. patent application number 17/286952 was filed with the patent office on 2022-09-29 for joint metal and building structure.
The applicant listed for this patent is SEKISUI HOUSE, LTD.. Invention is credited to Yasuaki TAKAHASHI.
Application Number | 20220307255 17/286952 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000006437046 |
Filed Date | 2022-09-29 |
United States Patent
Application |
20220307255 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
TAKAHASHI; Yasuaki |
September 29, 2022 |
JOINT METAL AND BUILDING STRUCTURE
Abstract
A joint metal includes a securing plate and a coupling plate.
The securing plate is secured to the side surface of a support
material. The coupling plate is disposed to project from the
securing plate toward the horizontal structural member side. The
coupling plate is coupled in a state inserted into a groove formed
over the vertical direction on the end surface of the horizontal
structural member. The coupling plate includes a plurality of
coupling holes and first deficient portions. The coupling hole
allows insertion of a rod-shaped coupling tool within the groove.
The coupling tool passes through the horizontal structural member.
The first deficient portion is formed by cutting out the peripheral
area of the coupling hole. The first deficient portion is formed in
an arc shape centered at the coupling hole.
Inventors: |
TAKAHASHI; Yasuaki;
(Osaka-shi Osaka, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
SEKISUI HOUSE, LTD. |
Osaka-shi Osaka |
|
JP |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000006437046 |
Appl. No.: |
17/286952 |
Filed: |
June 23, 2020 |
PCT Filed: |
June 23, 2020 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP2020/024611 |
371 Date: |
April 20, 2021 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04B 1/2612 20130101;
E04B 2001/2648 20130101; E04B 1/2608 20130101 |
International
Class: |
E04B 1/26 20060101
E04B001/26 |
Claims
1. A joint metal for joining an end surface of a horizontal
structural member to a side surface of a support material, the
joint metal comprising: a securing plate to be secured to the side
surface of the support material; and a coupling plate disposed to
project from the securing plate toward the horizontal structural
member side, the coupling plate being to be coupled in a state
inserted into a groove formed over a vertical direction on the end
surface of the horizontal structural member, wherein the coupling
plate includes: a coupling hole that allows insertion of a
rod-shaped coupling tool within the groove, the coupling tool being
to pass through the horizontal structural member; and a first
deficient portion formed by cutting out a peripheral area of the
coupling hole, wherein the first deficient portion is formed in an
arc shape centered at the coupling hole.
2. The joint metal according to claim 1, wherein the first
deficient portion is formed in an arc shape centered at the
coupling hole with a constant diameter.
3. The joint metal according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the
first deficient portions are formed in arc shapes centered at the
coupling holes with a same diameter, and one of portions between
end portions of the first deficient portions adjacent to one
another in a circumferential direction is disposed to be positioned
on a horizontal straight line passing through a center of the
coupling hole and on a distal end side of the coupling plate with
respect to the coupling hole in a horizontal direction.
4. The joint metal according to claim 3, wherein the first
deficient portion is formed symmetrically to a horizontal straight
line passing through a center of the coupling hole.
5. A joint metal for joining an end surface of a horizontal
structural member to a side surface of a support material, the
joint metal comprising: a securing plate to be secured to the side
surface of the support material; and a coupling plate disposed to
project from the securing plate toward the horizontal structural
member side, the coupling plate being to be coupled in a state
inserted into a groove formed over a vertical direction on the end
surface of the horizontal structural member, wherein the coupling
plate includes: a plurality of coupling holes that allow insertion
of rod-shaped coupling tools within the groove, the coupling tools
being to pass through the horizontal structural member; and a
second deficient portion along a vertical straight line that passes
through a center of the coupling hole, the second deficient portion
being formed to be long in a vertical direction between the
adjacent coupling holes.
6. A joint metal for joining an end surface of a horizontal
structural member to a side surface of a support material, the
joint metal comprising: a securing plate to be secured to the side
surface of the support material; and a coupling plate disposed to
project from the securing plate toward the horizontal structural
member side, the coupling plate being to be coupled in a state
inserted into a groove formed over a vertical direction on the end
surface of the horizontal structural member, wherein the coupling
plate includes: a plurality of coupling holes that allow insertion
of rod-shaped coupling tools within the groove, the coupling tools
being to pass through the horizontal structural member; a third
deficient portion cut out in a peripheral area of the coupling
hole; and a fourth deficient portion along a vertical straight line
that passes through the coupling hole, wherein the third deficient
portion is formed in an arc shape centered at the coupling hole,
and the fourth deficient portion is formed to be long in a vertical
direction between the adjacent coupling holes.
7. The joint metal according to claim 6, wherein the third
deficient portion is formed in an arc shape centered at the
coupling hole with a constant diameter.
8. The joint metal according to claim 7, wherein a plurality of the
third deficient portions are formed in arc shapes centered at the
coupling holes with a same diameter, and one of portions between
end portions of the first deficient portions adjacent to one
another in a circumferential direction is disposed to be positioned
on a horizontal straight line passing through a center of the
coupling hole and on a distal end side of the coupling plate with
respect to the coupling hole in a horizontal direction.
9. The joint metal according to claim 8, wherein the third
deficient portion is formed symmetrically to a horizontal straight
line passing through a center of the coupling hole.
10. The joint metal according to claim 9, wherein the coupling
plate includes: a pin groove formed on an upper end of the coupling
plate; and a fifth deficient portion and/or a sixth deficient
portion, the fifth deficient portion being formed by cutting out in
an arc shape in a peripheral area of the pin groove, the sixth
deficient portion being formed by cutting out to be long in a
vertical direction between the pin groove and the coupling hole
adjacent to the pin groove.
11. A joint metal for joining an end surface of a horizontal
structural member to a side surface of a support material, the
joint metal comprising: a securing plate to be secured to the side
surface of the support material; and a coupling plate disposed to
project from the securing plate toward the horizontal structural
member side, the coupling plate being to be coupled in a state
inserted into a groove formed over a vertical direction on the end
surface of the horizontal structural member, wherein the coupling
plate includes: a coupling hole that allows insertion of a
rod-shaped coupling tool within the groove, the coupling tool being
to pass through the horizontal structural member; and a seventh
deficient portion in communication with the coupling hole, the
seventh deficient portion being formed to be long along a
horizontal straight line.
12. The joint metal according to claim 11, wherein the seventh
deficient portion has a vertical width smaller than a diameter of
the coupling hole.
13. The joint metal according to claim 12, wherein the securing
plate includes a plurality of fixing holes for inserting fixtures,
the fixing holes being formed to be aligned in a vertical
direction, and a securing-plate reinforcing bead is disposed, the
securing-plate reinforcing bead projecting from a back-side portion
of the securing plate in contact with the side surface of the
support material toward a projection direction of the coupling
plate.
14. The joint metal according to claim 13, wherein the
securing-plate reinforcing bead is formed in a shape where a
plurality of arcs communicate with one another in a vertical
direction centered at the fixing holes so as to surround peripheral
areas of the fixing holes.
15. The joint metal according to claim 14, further comprising a
reinforcing rib on a bended portion at a boundary between the
securing plate and the coupling plate.
16. The joint metal according to claim 12, wherein the securing
plate includes a plurality of fixing holes for inserting fixtures,
the fixing holes being formed to be aligned in a vertical
direction, and a reinforcing rib is disposed on a bended portion at
a boundary between the securing plate and the coupling plate.
17. The joint metal according to claim 16, wherein the reinforcing
rib is disposed in each portion between the fixing holes adjacent
to one another in the vertical direction.
18. The joint metal according to claim 12, wherein the securing
plate includes a plurality of fixing holes for inserting fixtures,
the fixing holes being formed to be aligned in a vertical
direction, and a bended-portion reinforcing bead is disposed in
communication with the securing plate from the coupling plate
through a bended portion at a boundary between the securing plate
and the coupling plate.
19. The joint metal according to claim 18, further comprising
end-portion reinforcing beads on both end portions in a width
direction of the securing plate, the end-portion reinforcing bead
being long in a vertical direction and projecting from a back-side
portion of the securing plate in contact with the side surface of
the support material toward a projection direction of the coupling
plate.
20. A building structure, comprising the joint metal according to
claim 19, wherein the joint metal joins the support material and
the horizontal structural member together.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a joint metal used when a
horizontal structural member is joined to a support material and to
a building structure when a support material and a horizontal
structural member are joined together using the joint metal.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] Conventionally, in a wooden building, as a method for
joining a wood such as a pillar and a wood such as a beam, joint
metals in various shapes are used for the purposes of streamlining
construction, ensuring resistance of a joint portion, and similar
purpose.
[0003] As this joint metal, for example, there is a joint metal
constituted in a U shape by a front plate and a pair of side plates
(for example, see Patent Document 1). The front plate is secured in
contact with the side surface of the pillar. The side plates
project toward the beam side by folding both ends of the front
plate. In this joint metal, a plurality of front holes for
inserting bolts through the front plate is formed to be arranged in
the up-down direction. The front plate is fastened with nuts in a
state where the bolts inserted through these front holes have
passed through the pillar, so as to be secured to the side surface
of the pillar. Additionally, on the side plate, a plurality of
pinholes is formed to be arranged in the up-down direction. In a
state where the side plate has been inserted into grooves formed on
the end surface of the beam, the drift pin is driven from the side
hole formed on the side surface of the beam so as to couple the
side plate to the beam.
[0004] However, in this joint metal, in the case where an excessive
load acts on the joint portion, cracking occurs in the beam before
the metal deforms. Finally, the beam fractures and then the joint
portion is broken. Here, the woods have individual differences in
strength due to a factor such as a water content rate. Accordingly,
in the case where this joint metal is used, variation in yield
resistance or similar parameter becomes large due to the fracture
of the wood as a determination factor of the yield point.
Therefore, a plurality of deficient portions, which is widely
opened in up, down, right, and left directions, is formed in a
region other than the pinholes formed on the side plate.
Accordingly, when an excessive load acts on the beam, the side
plate elastically deforms. The energy is absorbed by this elastic
deformation so as to reduce the local load acting on the beam. This
slows occurrence of cracking in the beam. This joint metal has been
disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 2). [0005] Patent
Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
2007-278027 [0006] Patent Document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent
Application Publication No. 2011-214354
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Problems to be Solved by the Invention
[0007] However, in the joint metal of Patent Document 2, since the
region of the deficient portion formed on the side plate occupies
the large part of the side plate, the rigidity of the entire metal
is decreased. Accordingly, when a load acts on the joint portion,
an elastic deformation occurs at an unnecessarily early stage.
Thus, the value of the yield resistance decreases so as to reduce
the variation in fracture behavior of the beam. However, a high
strength performance cannot be always obtained as the entire joint
portion. As illustrated in FIG. 27, in a conventional joint metal
100 formed in a U shape, in the case where a front plate 4 where
front holes for insertion of bolts are formed is fastened with a
bolt 6 so as to be secured to the side surface of a pillar 2 or
similar member with a high torque, the front plate 4 is pulled to
the bolt 6 side (arrow direction) as illustrated in FIG. 27A.
Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 27B, a pair of side plates 5
might fall over to the inside or outside. Thus, there is a problem
of interference with the grooves formed on the end surface of the
beam.
[0008] The present invention has been made in view of the
above-described problems, and it is an object of the present
invention to provide a joint metal and a building structure that do
not ruin yield resistance, initial rigidity, energy absorbing
ability, and similar property of a joint portion between a support
material such as a pillar and a horizontal structural member such
as a beam when an excessive load acts on the joint portion and that
are excellent in stability of strength as the joint portion and
have high reliability. Additionally, it is an object of the present
invention to provide a joint metal and a building structure that
suppress falling over of a coupling plate disposed to project from
a securing plate to a horizontal structural member side when the
securing plate secured to a side surface of a support material is
fastened with a bolt.
Solutions to the Problems
[0009] To achieve the above-described objects, a first joint metal
according to the present invention is a joint metal for joining an
end surface of a horizontal structural member to a side surface of
a support material. The joint metal includes a securing plate and a
coupling plate. The securing plate is to be secured to the side
surface of the support material. The coupling plate is disposed to
project from the securing plate toward the horizontal structural
member side. The coupling plate is to be coupled in a state
inserted into a groove formed over a vertical direction on the end
surface of the horizontal structural member. The coupling plate
includes a coupling hole and a first deficient portion. The
coupling hole allows insertion of a rod-shaped coupling tool within
the groove. The coupling tool is to pass through the horizontal
structural member. The first deficient portion is formed by cutting
out a peripheral area of the coupling hole. The first deficient
portion is formed in an arc shape centered at the coupling
hole.
[0010] In a second joint metal according to the present invention,
the first deficient portion is formed in an arc shape centered at
the coupling hole with a constant diameter.
[0011] In a third joint metal according to the present invention, a
plurality of the first deficient portions are formed in arc shapes
centered at the coupling holes with a same diameter. One of
portions between end portions of the first deficient portions
adjacent to one another in a circumferential direction is disposed
to be positioned on a horizontal straight line passing through a
center of the coupling hole and on a distal end side of the
coupling plate with respect to the coupling hole in a horizontal
direction.
[0012] In a fourth joint metal according to the present invention,
the first deficient portion is formed symmetrically to a horizontal
straight line passing through a center of the coupling hole.
[0013] A fifth joint metal according to the present invention is a
joint metal for joining an end surface of a horizontal structural
member to a side surface of a support material. The joint metal
includes a securing plate and a coupling plate. The securing plate
is to be secured to the side surface of the support material. The
coupling plate is disposed to project from the securing plate
toward the horizontal structural member side. The coupling plate is
to be coupled in a state inserted into a groove formed over a
vertical direction on the end surface of the horizontal structural
member. The coupling plate includes a plurality of coupling holes
and a second deficient portion. The coupling holes allow insertion
of rod-shaped coupling tools within the groove. The coupling tools
are to pass through the horizontal structural member. The second
deficient portion is along a vertical straight line that passes
through a center of the coupling hole. The second deficient portion
is formed to be long in a vertical direction between the adjacent
coupling holes.
[0014] A sixth joint metal according to the present invention is a
joint metal for joining an end surface of a horizontal structural
member to a side surface of a support material. The joint metal
includes a securing plate and a coupling plate. The securing plate
is to be secured to the side surface of the support material. The
coupling plate is disposed to project from the securing plate
toward the horizontal structural member side. The coupling plate is
to be coupled in a state inserted into a groove formed over a
vertical direction on the end surface of the horizontal structural
member. The coupling plate includes a plurality of coupling holes,
a third deficient portion, and a fourth deficient portion. The
coupling holes allow insertion of rod-shaped coupling tools within
the groove. The coupling tools are to pass through the horizontal
structural member. The third deficient portion is cut out in a
peripheral area of the coupling hole. The fourth deficient portion
is along a vertical straight line that passes through the coupling
hole. The third deficient portion is formed in an arc shape
centered at the coupling hole. The fourth deficient portion is
formed to be long in a vertical direction between the adjacent
coupling holes.
[0015] In a seventh joint metal according to the present invention,
the third deficient portion is formed in an arc shape with a
constant diameter centered at the coupling hole.
[0016] In an eighth joint metal according to the present invention,
a plurality of the third deficient portions are formed in arc
shapes centered at the coupling holes with a same diameter. One of
portions between end portions of the first deficient portions
adjacent to one another in a circumferential direction is disposed
to be positioned on a horizontal straight line passing through a
center of the coupling hole and on a distal end side of the
coupling plate with respect to the coupling hole in a horizontal
direction.
[0017] In a ninth joint metal according to the present invention,
the third deficient portion is formed symmetrically to a horizontal
straight line passing through a center of the coupling hole.
[0018] In a tenth joint metal according to the present invention,
the coupling plate includes a pin groove and a fifth deficient
portion and/or a sixth deficient portion. The pin groove is formed
on an upper end of the coupling plate. The fifth deficient portion
is formed by cutting out in an arc shape in a peripheral area of
the pin groove. The sixth deficient portion is formed by cutting
out to be long in a vertical direction between the pin groove and
the coupling hole adjacent to the pin groove.
[0019] An eleventh joint metal according to the present invention
is a joint metal for joining an end surface of a horizontal
structural member to a side surface of a support material. The
joint metal includes a securing plate and a coupling plate. The
securing plate is to be secured to the side surface of the support
material. The coupling plate is disposed to project from the
securing plate toward the horizontal structural member side. The
coupling plate is to be coupled in a state inserted into a groove
formed over a vertical direction on the end surface of the
horizontal structural member. The coupling plate includes a
coupling hole and a seventh deficient portion. The coupling hole
allows insertion of a rod-shaped coupling tool within the groove.
The coupling tool is to pass through the horizontal structural
member. The seventh deficient portion is in communication with the
coupling hole. The seventh deficient portion is formed to be long
along a horizontal straight line.
[0020] In a twelfth joint metal according to the present invention,
the seventh deficient portion has a vertical width smaller than a
diameter of the coupling hole.
[0021] In a thirteenth joint metal according to the present
invention, the securing plate includes a plurality of fixing holes
for inserting fixtures. The fixing holes are formed to be aligned
in a vertical direction. A securing-plate reinforcing bead is
disposed. The securing-plate reinforcing bead projects from a
back-side portion of the securing plate in contact with the side
surface of the support material toward a projection direction of
the coupling plate.
[0022] In a fourteenth joint metal according to the present
invention, the securing-plate reinforcing bead is formed in a shape
where a plurality of arcs communicate with one another in a
vertical direction centered at the fixing holes so as to surround
peripheral areas of the fixing holes.
[0023] In a fifteenth joint metal according to the present
invention, a reinforcing rib is disposed on a bended portion at a
boundary between the securing plate and the coupling plate.
[0024] In a sixteenth joint metal according to the present
invention, the securing plate includes a plurality of fixing holes
for inserting fixtures. The fixing holes are formed to be aligned
in a vertical direction. A reinforcing rib is disposed on a bended
portion at a boundary between the securing plate and the coupling
plate.
[0025] In a seventeenth joint metal according to the present
invention, the reinforcing rib is disposed in each portion between
the fixing holes adjacent to one another in the vertical
direction.
[0026] In an eighteenth joint metal according to the present
invention, the securing plate includes a plurality of fixing holes
for inserting fixtures. The fixing holes are formed to be aligned
in a vertical direction. A bended-portion reinforcing bead is
disposed in communication with the securing plate from the coupling
plate through a bended portion at a boundary between the securing
plate and the coupling plate.
[0027] In a nineteenth joint metal according to the present
invention, end-portion reinforcing beads are disposed on both end
portions in a width direction of the securing plate. The
end-portion reinforcing bead is long in a vertical direction and
projects from a back-side portion of the securing plate in contact
with the side surface of the support material toward a projection
direction of the coupling plate.
[0028] A building structure according to the present invention
includes any one of the first to nineteenth joint metals. The joint
metal joins the support material and the horizontal structural
member together.
Effects of the Invention
[0029] According to the first joint metal, the first deficient
portion in an arc shape centered at the coupling hole is formed in
the peripheral area of the coupling hole through which the
rod-shaped coupling tool, which passes through the horizontal
structural member, is inserted within the groove formed over the
vertical direction on the end surface of the horizontal structural
member. When an excessive load acts on the joint portion between
the support material and the horizontal structural member, locally
deforming the peripheral area of the coupling hole allows reducing
the fracture of the horizontal structural member and allows
controlling the deformation of the entire joint metal so as to
reduce the variation in resistance of the joint portion.
Additionally, this does not ruin the rigidity of the region other
than the peripheral area of the coupling hole, thus maintaining
relatively high yield resistance so as to improve a proof stress
evaluation value.
[0030] According to the second joint metal, the first deficient
portion in the arc shape centered at the coupling hole with the
constant diameter is formed. This allows more efficiently causing
local deformation of the peripheral area of the coupling hole when
an excessive load acts on the joint portion between the support
material and the horizontal structural member.
[0031] According to the third joint metal, the plurality of the
first deficient portions are formed in arc shapes centered at the
coupling hole with the same diameter. One of the portions between
the end portions of the first deficient portions adjacent to one
another in the circumferential direction is disposed to be
positioned on the horizontal straight line passing through the
center of the coupling hole and on the distal end side of the
coupling plate with respect to the coupling hole in the horizontal
direction. This allows improving the resistance against a tension
load that acts on the horizontal structural member toward the
horizontal direction side of the coupling plate.
[0032] According to the fourth joint metal, the first deficient
portion is formed symmetrically to the horizontal straight line
passing through the center of the coupling hole. Therefore, in
either case where an excessive load acts on the horizontal
structural member upward or downward in the vertical direction, the
peripheral area of the coupling hole efficiently deforms. This
allows reducing the fracture of the horizontal structural
member.
[0033] According to the fifth joint metal, the coupling plate
includes the coupling hole and the second deficient portion. The
coupling hole allows insertion the rod-shaped coupling tool, which
passes through the horizontal structural member, within the groove
formed over the vertical direction on the end surface of the
horizontal structural member. The second deficient portion is along
the straight line that passes through the center of the coupling
hole, and is formed to be long in the vertical direction between
the adjacent coupling holes. Therefore, when an excessive load acts
on the joint portion between the support material and the
horizontal structural member, the peripheral area of the coupling
hole deforms. This allows reducing the fracture of the horizontal
structural member. Additionally, increasing the deficient amount in
the vertical direction including the coupling hole, which receives
the stress from the coupling tool, allows controlling the
deformation of the joint metal so as to reduce the variation in
resistance on the joint portion. Additionally, this allows
improving the resistance against a tension load that acts on the
horizontal structural member toward the horizontal direction side
of the coupling plate.
[0034] According to the sixth joint metal, the third deficient
portion in the arc shape centered at the coupling hole is formed in
the peripheral area of the coupling hole. Therefore, when an
excessive load acts on the joint portion between the support
material and the horizontal structural member, the peripheral area
of the coupling hole locally deforms. This allows reducing the
fracture of the horizontal structural member, and allows
controlling the deformation of the entire joint metal so as to
reduce the variation in resistance of the joint portion.
Additionally, the fourth deficient portion is along the straight
line that passes through the center of the coupling hole, and is
formed to be long in the vertical direction between the adjacent
coupling holes. Therefore, increasing the deficient amount in the
vertical direction including the coupling hole, which receives the
stress from the coupling tool, allows controlling the deformation
of the joint metal so as to reduce the variation in resistance of
the joint portion.
[0035] According to the seventh joint metal, the third deficient
portion in the arc shape centered at the coupling hole is formed in
the peripheral area of the coupling hole. This allows more
efficiently causing local deformation of the peripheral area of the
coupling hole when an excessive load acts on the joint portion
between the support material and the horizontal structural
member.
[0036] According to the eighth joint metal, the plurality of the
third deficient portions are formed in the arc shapes centered at
the coupling hole with the same diameter. One of the portions
between the end portions of the deficient portions adjacent to one
another in the circumferential direction is disposed to be
positioned on the horizontal straight line passing through the
center of the coupling hole and on the distal end side of the
coupling plate with respect to the coupling hole in the horizontal
direction. This allows improving the resistance against a tension
load that acts on the horizontal structural member toward the
horizontal direction side of the coupling plate.
[0037] According to the ninth joint metal, the third deficient
portion is formed symmetrically to the horizontal straight line
passing through the center of the coupling hole. Therefore, in
either case where an excessive load acts on the horizontal
structural member upward or downward in the vertical direction, the
peripheral area of the coupling hole efficiently deforms. This
allows reducing the fracture of the horizontal structural
member.
[0038] According to the tenth joint metal, the coupling plate
includes the pin groove and the fifth deficient portion and/or the
sixth deficient portion. The pin groove is formed on the upper end
of the coupling plate. The fifth deficient portion is formed by
cutting out in the arc shape in the peripheral area of the pin
groove. The sixth deficient portion is formed by cutting out to be
long in the vertical direction between the pin groove and the
coupling hole adjacent to the pin groove. Therefore, when an
excessive load acts on the joint portion between the support
material and the horizontal structural member, the peripheral area
of the pin groove locally deforms. This allows reducing the
fracture of the horizontal structural member and allows controlling
the deformation of the entire joint metal so as to reduce the
variation in resistance of the joint portion.
[0039] According to the eleventh joint metal, the coupling plate
includes the coupling hole and the seventh deficient portion. The
coupling hole allows insertion of the rod-shaped coupling tool,
which passes through the horizontal structural member, within the
groove formed over the vertical direction on the end surface of the
horizontal structural member. The seventh deficient portion is in
communication with the coupling hole, and is formed to be long
along the horizontal straight line. Therefore, when an excessive
load acts on the joint portion between the support material and the
horizontal structural member, the peripheral area of the coupling
hole deforms. This allows reducing the fracture of the horizontal
structural member. Additionally, the deficient portion is formed to
be long in the horizontal direction of the coupling hole. This
allows inducing stable lateral displacement deformation of the
joint metal so as to reduce the variation in resistance of the
joint portion. Additionally, this does not ruin the rigidity of the
region other than the peripheral area of the coupling hole, thus
maintaining relatively high yield resistance so as to improve the
proof stress evaluation value.
[0040] According to the twelfth joint metal, the seventh deficient
portion has the vertical width smaller than the diameter of the
coupling hole. This allows preventing movement of the coupling tool
from the coupling hole in the horizontal direction.
[0041] According to the thirteenth joint metal, the securing-plate
reinforcing bead is disposed. The securing-plate reinforcing bead
projects from the back-side portion of the securing plate in
contact with the side surface of the support material toward the
projection direction of the coupling plate. This allows improving
the rigidity of the securing plate, so as to suppress falling over
of the coupling plate when the securing plate is fastened with a
fixture such as a bolt due to pulling the securing plate to the
bolt side. Additionally, as described above, the rigidity of the
securing plate can be improved so as to suppress falling over of
the coupling plate. This allows thinning the plate thicknesses of
the securing plate and the coupling plate while ensuring high
strength.
[0042] According to the fourteenth joint metal, the securing-plate
reinforcing bead is formed in the shape where the plurality of the
arcs communicate with one another in the vertical direction
centered at the fixing holes so as to surround the peripheral areas
of the fixing holes. This allows efficiently improving the strength
around the fixing holes of the securing plate, thus more reliably
suppressing falling over of the coupling plate when the securing
plate is fastened with a fixture such as a bolt.
[0043] According to the fifteenth joint metal, the reinforcing rib
is further disposed on the bended portion at the boundary between
the securing plate and the coupling plate. This allows improving
the strength of the bended portion, thus suppressing falling over
of the coupling plate when the securing plate is fastened with a
fixture such as a bolt.
[0044] According to the sixteenth joint metal, the reinforcing rib
is disposed on the bended portion at the boundary between the
securing plate and the coupling plate. This allows improving the
strength of the bended portion, thus suppressing falling over of
the coupling plate when the securing plate is fastened with a
fixture such as a bolt. Additionally, as described above, the
strength of the bended portion can be improved so as to suppress
falling over of the coupling plate. This allows thinning the plate
thicknesses of the securing plate and the coupling plate while
ensuring high strength.
[0045] According to the seventeenth joint metal, the reinforcing
rib is disposed in each portion between the fixing holes adjacent
to one another in the vertical direction. This allows ensuring high
strength in any position of the bended portion in the vertical
direction, thus more reliably suppressing falling over of the
coupling plate when the securing plate is fastened with a fixture
such as a bolt.
[0046] According to the eighteenth joint metal, the bended-portion
reinforcing bead is disposed in communication with the securing
plate from the coupling plate through the bended portion at the
boundary between the securing plate and the coupling plate. This
allows improving the strength of the bended portion, thus
suppressing falling over of the coupling plate when the securing
plate is fastened with a fixture such as a bolt. Additionally, as
described above, the strength of the bended portion can be improved
so as to suppress falling over of the coupling plate. This allows
thinning the plate thicknesses of the securing plate and the
coupling plate while ensuring high strength.
[0047] According to the nineteenth joint metal, the end-portion
reinforcing beads are further disposed on both the end portions in
the width direction of the securing plate. The end-portion
reinforcing bead is long in the vertical direction, and projects
from the back-side portion of the securing plate in contact with
the side surface of the support material toward the projection
direction of the coupling plate. This allows improving the strength
of both the ends in the width direction of the securing plate, thus
more reliably suppressing falling over of the coupling plate when
the securing plate is fastened with a fixture such as a bolt.
[0048] With the building structure according to the present
invention, when an excessive load acts on the joint portion between
the support material and the horizontal structural member, the
peripheral area of the coupling hole of the coupling plate to be
coupled to the horizontal structural member deforms. This allows
reducing the fracture of the horizontal structural member, thus
reducing the variation in resistance. Additionally, this does not
ruin the rigidity of the region other than the peripheral area of
the coupling hole, thus maintaining relatively high yield
resistance so as to improve the proof stress evaluation value.
Additionally, this allows suppressing falling over of the coupling
plate when the securing plate is fastened with a fixture such as a
bolt, so as to thin the plate thicknesses of the securing plate and
the coupling plate while ensuring high strength.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0049] FIG. 1A is a diagram illustrating an example of a joint
metal according to a first embodiment of the present invention and
it is a perspective view of the joint metal.
[0050] FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating an example of a joint
metal according to a first embodiment of the present invention and
it is a side view of the joint metal.
[0051] FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a used
state of the joint metal according to the first embodiment of the
present invention.
[0052] FIG. 3 is a side view illustrating an example of a joint
metal according to a second embodiment of the present
invention.
[0053] FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the vicinity of a
coupling hole illustrated in FIG. 3.
[0054] FIG. 5 is a side view illustrating another example of the
joint metal according to the second embodiment of the present
invention.
[0055] FIG. 6 is a side view illustrating another example of the
joint metal according to the second embodiment of the present
invention.
[0056] FIG. 7 is a side view illustrating another example of the
joint metal according to the second embodiment of the present
invention.
[0057] FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an
example of a joint metal according to a third embodiment of the
present invention.
[0058] FIG. 9 is a side view illustrating an example of a joint
metal according to a fourth embodiment of the present
invention.
[0059] FIG. 10A is a side view illustrating a conventional joint
metal and it is a side view illustrating an example of a joint
metal where deficient portions are not formed on a coupling
plate.
[0060] FIG. 10B is a side view illustrating a conventional joint
metal and it is a side view illustrating an example of a joint
metal where deficient portion widely opened in up, down, right, and
left directions are formed in the region other than a coupling hole
on a coupling plate.
[0061] FIG. 11 is a graph illustrating the relationship between a
deformation D (mm) and a load P (kN) of a working example 1.
[0062] FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating the relationship between a
deformation D (mm) and a load P (kN) of a working example 2.
[0063] FIG. 13 is a graph illustrating the relationship between a
deformation D (mm) and a load P (kN) of a working example 3.
[0064] FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating the relationship between a
deformation D (mm) and a load P (kN) of a comparative example
1.
[0065] FIG. 15 is a graph illustrating the relationship between a
deformation D (mm) and a load P (kN) of a comparative example
2.
[0066] FIG. 16A is a diagram illustrating an example of a joint
metal according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention and
it is a perspective view of the joint metal.
[0067] FIG. 16B is a diagram illustrating an example of a joint
metal according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention and
it is a side view of the joint metal.
[0068] FIG. 17 is a schematic back view illustrating the example of
the joint metal according to the fifth embodiment of the present
invention.
[0069] FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line a-a
in FIG. 17.
[0070] FIG. 19 is a schematic back view illustrating an example of
a joint metal according to a sixth embodiment of the present
invention.
[0071] FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line b-b
in FIG. 19.
[0072] FIG. 21 is a schematic back view illustrating an example of
a joint metal according to a seventh embodiment of the present
invention.
[0073] FIG. 22 is a schematic back view illustrating an example of
a joint metal according to an eighth embodiment of the present
invention.
[0074] FIG. 23 is a schematic side view illustrating the example of
the joint metal according to the eighth embodiment of the present
invention.
[0075] FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line c-c
in FIG. 22.
[0076] FIG. 25 is a schematic side view illustrating an example of
a joint metal according to a ninth embodiment of the present
invention.
[0077] FIG. 26 is a schematic side view illustrating the example of
the joint metal according to the ninth embodiment of the present
invention.
[0078] FIG. 27A is a schematic explanatory views for describing
states when a joint metal is secured to the side surface of a
support material and it illustrates a state before a bolt is
fastened for securing the joint metal
[0079] FIG. 27B is a schematic explanatory views for describing
states when a joint metal is secured to the side surface of a
support material and it illustrates a state where a bolt is
fastened for securing the joint metal at a high torque.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0080] The following describes embodiments of a joint metal
according to the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B and FIG. 2, a joint metal 1
according to a first embodiment of the present invention is for
joining the end surface of a horizontal structural member 3 such as
a beam to the side surface of a support material 2 such as a pillar
in a wooden building structure. The joint metal 1 is constituted to
have a U shape in top view by a securing plate 4 and a pair of
coupling plates 5. The securing plate 4 is secured to the side
surface of the support material 2. The coupling plates 5 project
from both ends of the securing plate 4 approximately in the
horizontal direction on the horizontal structural member 3 side.
This joint metal 1 is used, for example, as a joist hanger for
joining the end surface of the beam to the side surface of the
pillar. Here, the support material 2 is not limited to the pillar
and only needs to be a structural member for supporting the
horizontal structural member 3. For example, the support material 2
may be a beam or similar member that is different from a girth or
the horizontal structural member 3. Also, the horizontal structural
member 3 is not limited to the beam and only needs to be a
structural member where the end surface is joined to the support
material 2 in the approximately horizontal direction. For example,
the horizontal structural member 3 may be a girder, a girth, or
similar member.
[0081] The securing plate 4 is secured to the side surface of the
support material 2 in contact with each other. As illustrated in
FIG. 2, in the securing plate 4, a plurality of fixing holes 41 for
allowing insertion of fixtures such as the bolts 6 is formed to be
aligned in the longitudinal direction. On the side surface of the
support material 2, bolt holes 21 and counter sink holes 22 are
formed. The bolt hole 21 is for insertion of the bolt 6 for
securing the securing plate 4. The counter sink hole 22 is for
housing a nut 7 to be threadably mounted on the bolt 6 inserted
through the bolt hole 21. When the securing plate 4 is secured to
the side surface of the support material 2, the bolts 6 are
inserted from the fixing holes 41 in a state where a back-side
portion 42 of the securing plate 4 is in contact with the side
surface of the support material 2 such that the fixing holes 41
correspond to the respective bolt holes 21. Then, in a state where
the bolt 6 is inserted until the distal end of the bolt 6 has
reached the counter sink hole 22, the nut 7 is threadably mounted
so as to secure the securing plate 4 to the side surface of the
support material 2. Here, the method for securing the securing
plate 41 is not limited to this method. Instead of the bolt 6,
nails or similar tool may be driven to the side surface of the
support material 2 from the fixing hole 41 for securing the
securing plate.
[0082] The coupling plates 5 are coupled to the horizontal
structural member 3. As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B and FIG. 2,
the coupling plates 5 are folded at approximately a right angle
from both the ends of the securing plate 4 and are extended to
project toward the horizontal structural member 3 side. This
coupling plate 5 includes a pin groove 51, a sixth deficient
portion 531, a plurality of coupling holes 52, and a plurality of
second deficient portions 532 and 533. The pin groove 51 is a
cutout approximately in a U shape. The sixth deficient portion 531
is formed by cutting out the peripheral area on the lower side of
the pin groove 51. The coupling hole 52 allows insertion of the
drift pin 8 to be coupled to the horizontal structural member 3.
The second deficient portions 532 and 533 are formed by cutting out
the peripheral area of the coupling hole 52.
[0083] The pin groove 51 is formed on the upper end of the coupling
plate 5 so as to receive the drift pin 8. The plurality of coupling
holes 52 is formed to be aligned in the vertical direction below
the pin groove 51. The sixth deficient portion 531 and the
plurality of second deficient portions 532 and 533 are formed in
vertically long slit shapes while passing through a straight line
A, on which the pin groove 51 and the plurality of coupling holes
52 are arranged, in the vertical direction. On the end surface of
the horizontal structural member 3, grooves 31 for allowing
insertion of the pair of the respective coupling plates 5 are
formed over the longitudinal direction (vertical direction). On the
side surface of the horizontal structural member 3, a plurality of
pinholes 32 into which the drift pin 8 driven is formed to be
aligned in the longitudinal direction. When this horizontal
structural member 3 and the coupling plates 5 are coupled to each
other, firstly, the horizontal structural member 3 is moved so as
to be positioned on the upper side of the joint metal 1 where the
securing plate 4 is secured to the side surface of the support
material 2. At this time, the drift pin 8 is preliminarily driven
to the uppermost pinhole 32 of the horizontal structural member 3.
Subsequently, the horizontal structural member 3 is gradually moved
down until the drift pin 8 that has been driven is brought into
contact with the pin groove 51. In a state where the pair of
coupling plates 5 is inserted into the grooves 31 of the horizontal
structural member 3, the drift pins 8 are driven to the remaining
pinholes 32 so as to couple the horizontal structural member 3 and
the coupling plate 5 together.
[0084] The sixth deficient portion 531 and the second deficient
portions 532 and 533 formed in the coupling plate 5 are for
reducing the fracture of the horizontal structural member by
facilitating deformation of the peripheral area of the pin groove
51 and the coupling hole 52 when an excessive load acts on the
joint portion between the support material 2 and the horizontal
structural member 3 in a state where the coupling plate 5 and the
horizontal structural member 3 are coupled together. As illustrated
in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the sixth deficient portion 531 is formed to be
long in the vertical direction between the pin groove 51 and the
second deficient portion 532, which is formed adjacent to the pin
groove 51 in the vertical direction. The second deficient portion
532 is formed in the position at a predetermined distance from the
respective coupling holes 52, so as to be positioned between the
coupling holes 52 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.
This second deficient portion 532 is formed to be long along the
vertical straight line A passing through the centers of the
respective coupling holes 52. As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B,
the second deficient portion 532 is formed to have a width narrower
than a diameter .PHI. of the coupling hole 51, and is disposed in
the position at a predetermined distance W from the securing plate
4.
[0085] As illustrated in FIG. 1B, this predetermined distance W is
the distance from the base end of the coupling plate 5 up to the
base end side of the sixth deficient portion 531 and the second
deficient portions 532 and 533. This distance W can be changed
corresponding to the position of the coupling hole 52 or similar
parameter. However, the coupling hole 52, the sixth deficient
portion 531, and the respective second deficient portions 532 and
533 are preferred to be disposed on the distal end side with
respect to the center of the width W1 in the horizontal direction
of the coupling plate 5. This allows improving the rigidity of the
region other than the peripheral area of the coupling hole 52.
Here, the securing plate 4 side of the coupling plate 5 is defined
as the base end side while the opening side of the coupling plate 5
is defined as the distal end side. Additionally, the longitudinal
lengths of the sixth deficient portion 531 and the second deficient
portions 532 and 533 are changed corresponding to the position of
the pin groove 51 and the longitudinal distance between the
coupling holes 52. In the joint metal 1 according to this
embodiment, a length L1 of the sixth deficient portion 531, which
is disposed between the pin groove 51 and the uppermost coupling
hole 52, and the second deficient portion 533, which is disposed on
the lower side of the lowermost coupling hole 52, are formed to be
shorter than the second deficient portions 532 disposed between the
coupling holes 52.
[0086] The following describes a joint metal 1a according to a
second embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 3
and FIG. 4. In this joint metal 1a, mainly, the sixth deficient
portion 531 and the second deficient portions 532 and 533 are
changed in shape in the joint metal 1 according to the first
embodiment. For the configuration similar to that of the joint
metal 1 or similar configuration, like reference numerals designate
corresponding or identical elements, and therefore such elements
will not be further elaborated here.
[0087] In the joint metal 1a, three first deficient portions 54 are
formed at equal spaces in the circumferential direction. The first
deficient portions 54 are arc-shaped elongated holes having the
same diameter centered at the coupling hole 52 in the peripheral
area of the coupling hole 52. Additionally, two arc-shaped fifth
deficient portions 55 are formed in the peripheral area of the
lower side of the pin groove 51. The width perpendicular to the
circumferential direction of the first deficient portion 54 and the
fifth deficient portion 55 is formed to be equal to or less than
half of the diameter of the coupling hole 52. Regarding the length
of the arc, the first deficient portion 54 is formed to be longer
than the fifth deficient portion 55. Accordingly, in the joint
metal 1a, the first deficient portion 54 and the fifth deficient
portion 55 are disposed only at the periphery of the coupling hole
52 and the pin groove 51. This allows efficiently deforming the
peripheral area of the coupling hole 52 and the pin groove 51 when
an excessive load acts on the joint portion between the support
material 2 and the horizontal structural member 3 in a state where
the coupling plates 5a and the horizontal structural member 3 are
coupled together. Thus, the fracture of the horizontal structural
member 3 can be reduced.
[0088] As illustrated by drawing diagonal lines in FIG. 4, the
first deficient portion 54 adjacent to one another in the
circumferential direction are coupled to one another by respective
coupling portions 56. This coupling portion 56 is a portion
positioned between the end portions of the adjacent first deficient
portions 54. As illustrated in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, in the case where
three first deficient portions 54 are formed, the first deficient
portions 54 are disposed in three positions in the peripheral area
of the coupling hole 52. In the joint metal 1a, one of the coupling
portions 56 is disposed to be on a virtual line B, which passes
through the center of the coupling hole 52 and extends in the
horizontal direction, and to be positioned on the distal end side
of the coupling plate 5a with respect to the coupling hole 52. This
allows improving the resistance against the tension load acting on
the horizontal direction side of the coupling plate 5a with respect
to the horizontal structural member 3 in a state where this
coupling plate 5a and the horizontal structural member 3 are
coupled together. Additionally, the first deficient portion 54 is
formed symmetrically to the straight line B. Accordingly, when an
excessive load acts on the horizontal structural member 3 in any
direction of the upper and lower directions in the vertical
direction, the peripheral area of the coupling hole efficiently
deforms. This allows reducing the fracture of the horizontal
structural member 3. Here, similarly to the second deficient
portion 532, this first deficient portion 54 is preferred to be
disposed on the distal end side with respect to the center of the
width in the horizontal direction of the coupling plate 5a in order
to keep a predetermined rigidity.
[0089] In the joint metal 1a illustrated in FIG. 5, two arc-shaped
first deficient portions 54a are formed in the peripheral area of
the coupling hole 52. This first deficient portion 54a is formed to
have the same width as that of the first deficient portion 54
illustrated in FIG. 3 while having a longer length of the arc.
Regarding this first deficient portion 54a, similarly to the first
deficient portion 54, the first deficient portions 54a adjacent to
each other in the circumferential direction are coupled together by
respective coupling portions 56. One of the coupling portions 56 is
disposed to be on the virtual line B, which passes through the
center of the coupling hole 52 and extends in the horizontal
direction, and to be positioned on the distal end side of the
coupling plate 5a with respect to the coupling hole 52.
[0090] In a first deficient portion 54b of the joint metal 1a
illustrated in FIG. 6, the width perpendicular to the
circumferential direction is about twice as wide as that of the
first deficient portion 54 illustrated in FIG. 4. Like this first
deficient portion 54a, expanding the lost region in the peripheral
area of the coupling hole 52 allows the peripheral area of the
coupling hole 52 to efficiently deform when an excessive load acts
on the horizontal structural member 3 in a state where the coupling
plate 5a and the horizontal structural member 3 are coupled
together. A first deficient portion 54c of the joint metal 1a
illustrated in FIG. 7 is formed to have the same width as that of
the first deficient portion 54b illustrated in FIG. 5 while having
a longer length of the arc.
[0091] The following describes a joint metal 1b according to a
third embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 8.
In this joint metal 1b, third deficient portions 57 and fourth
deficient portions 58 in mutually different shapes are formed on a
coupling plate 5b. For the configuration similar to those of the
joint metals 1 and 1a or similar configuration, like reference
numerals designate corresponding or identical elements, and
therefore such elements will not be further elaborated here.
[0092] As illustrated in FIG. 8, the coupling plate 5b of the joint
metal 1b has the third deficient portions 57 and fourth deficient
portions 581 and 582. The third deficient portion 57 has a shape
similar to that of the arc-shaped first deficient portion 54 formed
on the coupling plate 5a of the joint metal 1a illustrated in FIG.
3. The fourth deficient portions 581 and 582 have respective shapes
similar to those of the second deficient portions 532 and 533,
which have slit shapes long in the vertical direction and are
formed on the coupling plate 5 of the joint metal 1 illustrated in
FIGS. 1A and 1B and FIG. 2. As illustrated in FIG. 8, the
respective third deficient portion 57 and fourth deficient portion
58 only need to be formed in the peripheral area of the coupling
hole 52 and between the coupling holes 52 adjacent to each other in
the vertical direction, corresponding to a required resistance and
similar parameter.
[0093] The following describes a joint metal 1c according to a
fourth embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG.
9. In this joint metal 1c, a seventh deficient portion 59 in a
horizontally long slit shape is formed in communication with the
coupling hole 52. For the configuration similar to that of the
joint metal 1 or similar configuration, like reference numerals
designate corresponding or identical elements, and therefore such
elements will not be further elaborated here.
[0094] A coupling plate 5c of the joint metal 1c has the seventh
deficient portion 59 cut out in communication with the coupling
hole 52. This seventh deficient portion 59 is formed to be long
along a horizontal straight line C passing through the coupling
hole 52. The width in the vertical direction of this seventh
deficient portion 59 is formed to be smaller than the diameter of
the coupling hole 52, and is formed from the coupling hole 52
toward respective both sides of the base end side and the distal
end side of the coupling plate 5c. A length W3 of a seventh
deficient portion 59a is formed to be longer than a length W4 of a
seventh deficient portion 59b. The length W3 is formed to be
elongated toward the base end side. The length W4 is formed to be
elongated toward the distal end side. In this joint metal 1c where
the seventh deficient portions 59 are formed on the coupling plate
5c, when an excessive load acts on the joint portion between the
support material 2 and the horizontal structural member 3 in a
state where the coupling plate 5c and the horizontal structural
member 3 are coupled together, the peripheral area of the coupling
hole 52 can be efficiently deformed. This allows reducing the
fracture of the horizontal structural member 3. Additionally, this
allows improving the rigidity of the region other than the
peripheral area of the coupling hole 52. Here, while in this
embodiment deficient portions are not formed in the peripheral area
on the lower side of the pin groove 51, the sixth deficient portion
531 in the vertically elongated slit shape as illustrated in FIGS.
1A and 1B or the fifth deficient portion 55 in the arc shape as
illustrated in FIG. 3 may be formed.
[0095] The following describes proof stress evaluation tests using
the joint metals 1, 1a, and 1c according to the present invention.
The testing method and the shape of the specimen are compliant with
the description in page 583 of "Allowable stress design for houses
using timber framework method (2008 edition)" (hereinafter referred
to as Document). The test employs a specimen in a structure where
one horizontal structural member is supported by two support
materials. For the joint portions in two positions where the
horizontal structural member and the support material are to be
joined together, the same joint metal is used. In the test, a
pressure plate made of steel is placed on the top surface of the
horizontal structural member. When the load acts on the center of
the pressure plate, displacement of the horizontal structural
member is measured. Then, based on the graph showing the
relationship between the measured displacement and the load, a
proof stress evaluation value is calculated. Displacement meters
are disposed four positions in total on the near side and the far
side on the bottom surface near the respective end portions of the
horizontal structural member, so as to calculate the average of the
respective measured values as a displacement amount. For the test,
joint metals in shapes described in the following working examples
1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were used. During the test,
respective three specimens are used to calculate the average. Here,
the respective joint metals are different only in shape of the
deficient portion. The joint metals are otherwise similar to one
another.
Working Example 1
[0096] The working example 1 employs the joint metal 1 illustrated
in FIGS. 1A and 1B where the sixth deficient portion 531 and the
second deficient portions 532 and 533 in the vertically elongated
slit shapes are formed on the coupling plate 5. In this joint metal
1, a height H is 266 mm, a width W1 is 90 mm, a diameter .PHI. of
the coupling hole 52 is 12.5 mm, and a distance W2 from the base
end of the coupling plate 5 up to the center of the coupling hole
52 is 65 mm. For these values, the same applies to the other
working examples 2 and 3 and the comparative examples 1 and 2. For
the respective sixth deficient portion 531 and second deficient
portions 532 and 533, the length L1 in the longitudinal direction
of the sixth deficient portion 531 is 31 mm, a length L2 in the
longitudinal direction of the second deficient portion 532 is 36
mm, a length L3 in the longitudinal direction of the second
deficient portion 533 is 11 mm, and the widths of the sixth
deficient portion 531 and the second deficient portions 532 and 533
are all 6 mm.
Working Example 2
[0097] The working example 2 employs the joint metal 1a where the
first deficient portions 54 and the fifth deficient portions 55 in
the arc shapes are formed on the coupling plate 5a as illustrated
in FIG. 3. As illustrated in FIG. 4, in the first deficient portion
54 and the fifth deficient portion 55 of this joint metal 1a, the
curvature radius of the outer peripheral portion in the arc shape
is 16.25 mm, the curvature radius of the inner peripheral portion
is 11.25 mm, and a distance L4 between the first deficient portions
54 is 6 mm. Similarly, the distance between the fifth deficient
portions 55 is also 6 mm.
Working Example 3
[0098] The working example 3 employs the joint metal 1c where the
seventh deficient portions 59 in the horizontally long slit shapes
are formed in communication with the coupling hole 52 as
illustrated in FIG. 9. For the respective seventh deficient
portions 59a and 59b of this joint metal 1c, the length W3 in the
lateral direction of the seventh deficient portion 59a is 26.65 mm,
the length W4 in the lateral direction of the seventh deficient
portion 59b is 6.75 mm, and the widths in the vertical direction of
the seventh deficient portions 59a and 59b are 6.0 mm.
Comparative Example 1
[0099] The comparative example 1 employs a conventional joint metal
100a where the deficient portions are not formed on a coupling
plate 101a as illustrated in FIG. 10A.
Comparative Example 2
[0100] As illustrated in FIG. 10B, the comparative example 2
employs a joint metal 100b where deficient portions 102b widely
opened in up, down, right, and left directions are formed on a
coupling plate 101b. For the deficient portion 102b of this joint
metal 100b, a length L5 in the longitudinal direction of the
uppermost deficient portion 102b is 26 mm and a length L6 in in the
longitudinal direction of the other deficient portions 102b is 46
mm. Additionally, a length W5 in the lateral direction of the
deficient portion 102b is 46 mm.
[0101] Table 1 below shows the result of the proof stress
evaluation tests of the working examples 1 to 3 and the comparative
examples 1 and 2. Here, Py (kN) shown in Table 1 shows yield
resistance, and 2/3Pmax (kN) is obtained by multiplying the maximum
load (Pmax) by 2/3. These values can be calculated from the graph
illustrating the relationship between the measured displacement and
the load using the method described in pages 571 and 572 of
Document. The dispersion coefficient is calculated as a dispersion
coefficient=1-a variation coefficient CV.times.k in compliance with
the description in page 586 of Document. Note that k is set to a
value of 3.152 corresponding to three as the number of specimens
here. Table 1 shows Py (kN) and 2/3Pmax (kN) of the average values
of three specimens when the tests were performed under the
respective conditions of the working examples 1 to 3 and the
comparative examples 1 and 2. The respective evaluation values
shown on the last lines of these Py and 2/3Pmax are calculated with
the method (calculating the dispersion coefficient.times.the
average value) described in page 586 of Document. Additionally, an
initial rigidity K (kN/mm) shown in Table 1 is calculated in
compliance with the description in page 572 of Document while an
energy E (kNmm) is considered as the area of a perfect
elasto-plastic model in page 572 of Document. Additionally, an
initial crack occurrence displacement D (mm) denotes a displacement
for test evaluation when occurrence of a crack is seen in the
position of the drift pin. FIGS. 11 to 15 are graphs illustrating
the respective relationships between a deformation D (mm) and a
load P (kN) in the working examples 1 to 3 and the comparative
examples 1 and 2.
[0102] As illustrated in Table 1, when the working examples 1 to 3
are compared with the comparative example 1, in the yield
resistance Py, the average values keep values equivalent to that of
the comparative example 1 while the dispersion coefficients have
been considerably improved in all of the working examples 1 to 3.
Accordingly, the proof stress evaluation values have been obviously
improved. Additionally, in 2/3Pmax, the average values keep values
equivalent to that of the comparative example 1 while the
dispersion coefficients have been considerably improved in all of
the working examples 1 to 3. Accordingly, the proof stress
evaluation values have been obviously improved. In the initial
rigidity and the energy, there was no noticeable reduction in the
respective average values in any of the working examples 1 to 3
compared with the comparative example 1.
[0103] When the working examples 1 to 3 are compared with the
comparative example 2, in the yield resistance Py, there is no
reduction in the average value like the comparative example 2 in
any of the working examples 1 to 3. The dispersion coefficients of
the working examples 1 to 3 have not improved as much as that of
the comparative example 2 have, but has been improved. Accordingly,
the proof stress evaluation values have been improved equally or
more than the comparative example 2 with respect to the comparative
example 1. Additionally, in 2/3Pmax, there is no reduction in the
average value like the comparative example 2 in any of the working
examples 1 to 3. The dispersion coefficients of the working
examples 1 to 3 have been improved equally or more than that of the
comparative example 2. Accordingly, the proof stress evaluation
values have been obviously improved. In the initial rigidity and
the energy, there was no considerable reduction in the average
value like the comparative example 2 in any of the working examples
1 to 3. The initial rigidity and the energy were equivalent to
those of the comparative example 1.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Specimen Working Working Working Comparative
Comparative Test Items Name Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 1
Example 2 Evaluation by Average Value 113.6 91.0 100.6 102.4 72.3
Yield Resistance Variation 0.08 0.06 0.10 0.15 0.03 Py (kN)
Coefficient CV Dispersion 0.74 0.83 0.68 0.53 0.89 Coefficient
Resistance 83.6 75.1 68.2 54.5 64.4 Evaluation Value Evaluation by
Average Value 127.0 109.7 120.9 111.7 94.9 Maximum Variation 0.05
0.04 0.08 0.10 0.06 Resistance 2/3 Coefficient CV Pmax (kN)
Dispersion 0.83 0.88 0.74 0.67 0.80 Coefficient Resistance 105.7
96.7 89.9 75.3 75.7 Evaluation Value Short-Term Min (Py, 2/3max)
83.3 75.0 67.9 54.1 64.3 Reference Resistance Pa (kN) Initial
RigidityK Average Value 21.5 23.5 22.1 22.7 15.0 (kN/mm) Energy E
Average Value 4649 4913 5134 5056 3726 (kN mm) Initial Crack
Average Value 10 8 8 5 13 Occurrence Displacement D (mm)
[0104] In this embodiment, the description has been given of the
joint metals 1 to 1c that have the U shapes in top view and include
the pairs of coupling plates 5 to 5c, the coupling plate is not
necessarily limited to the pairs of the coupling plates 5a to 5c.
The present invention is applicable to a joint metal that has a T
shape in top view and includes only one of the coupling plates 5 to
5c.
[0105] The following describes embodiments where reinforcement is
performed to suppress falling over of the coupling plates 5 as
illustrated in FIGS. 27A and 27B when the securing plate 4 is
fastened with a fixture such as a bolt with reference to FIGS. 16A
and 16B to FIG. 26. For the configuration similar to that of the
joint metal 1 or similar configuration, like reference numerals
designate corresponding or identical elements, and therefore such
elements will not be further elaborated here.
[0106] As illustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B to FIG. 18, a joint
metal 1d according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention
is folded at approximately a right angle from both the ends of the
securing plate 4. In the joint metal 1d, the pair of coupling
plates 5 is disposed approximately in the horizontal direction. The
joint metal 1d is constituted to have a U shape in top view. For
the joint metal 1d, similarly to the joint metal 1 according to the
first embodiment, on the securing plate 4, a plurality of fixing
holes 41 for allowing insertion of fixtures (not illustrated) such
as bolts is formed to be aligned in the longitudinal direction. On
the coupling plate 5, the pin groove 51, the coupling holes 52, the
sixth deficient portion 531, and the plurality of second deficient
portions 532 and 533 are formed. The pin groove 51 is a cutout
approximately in a U shape. The coupling holes 52 are disposed to
be aligned in the vertical direction below the pin groove 51. The
sixth deficient portion 531 and the second deficient portions 532
and 533 have vertically long slit shapes so as to pass through a
vertical straight line A on which the pin groove 51 and the
plurality of coupling holes 52 are arranged.
[0107] In this joint metal 1d, as illustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B
to FIG. 18, reinforcing ribs 10 are disposed on bended portions 9
at the boundaries between the securing plate 4 and the coupling
plates 5. As illustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B and FIG. 17, the
respective reinforcing ribs 10 are disposed to be positioned
between the fixing holes 41 adjacent to one another in the vertical
direction.
[0108] The reinforcing rib 10 is formed by, for example, press work
or similar work so as to project inwardly in an approximately
triangular shape in top view as illustrated in FIG. 18.
Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 16B, in the case where the
joint metal 1d is viewed from outside, depressed portions in
approximately triangular shapes in plan view are formed on the
outer surface on the base end side of the coupling plate 5.
Similarly, as illustrated in FIG. 17, depressed portions in
approximately triangular shapes in plan view are formed on the
back-side portion 42 of the securing plate 4. Thus, in the joint
metal 1d, disposing the reinforcing ribs 10 on the bended portions
9 allows improving the strength of the bended portions 9.
Accordingly, when the securing plate 4 is fastened with fixtures
such as bolts at a high torque, this allows suppressing falling
over of the pair of coupling plates 5 as illustrated in FIGS. 27A
and 27B.
[0109] Here, in this embodiment, the description has been given of
the example where the reinforcing ribs 10 are disposed in the joint
metal where the sixth deficient portion 531, which is formed by
cutting out the peripheral area on the lower side of the pin groove
51, and the plurality of second deficient portions 532 and 533,
which are formed by cutting out the peripheral area of the coupling
hole 52, are formed on the coupling plate 5 similarly to the joint
metal 1 according to the first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1A
and 1B. However, the structure of the coupling plate 5 is not
limited to this. The reinforcing rib is applicable to the joint
metals 1a to 1c having the other coupling plates 5a to 5c
illustrated in FIG. 3 to FIG. 9. The same applies to other
embodiments describe later.
[0110] The following describes a joint metal 1e according to a
sixth embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 19
and FIG. 20. As illustrated in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, this joint
metal 1e includes securing-plate reinforcing beads 11 disposed on
the securing plate 4.
[0111] As illustrated in FIG. 19 and FIG. 20, the securing-plate
reinforcing beads 11 are disposed on both lateral sides of the
fixing holes 41, and are formed in the shape where a plurality of
arcs centered at the fixing holes 41 communicate with one another
in the vertical direction so as to surround the peripheral area of
the fixing holes 41. This securing-plate reinforcing bead 11 is
formed by, for example, press work or similar work so as to project
from the back-side portion 42 of the securing plate 4 toward the
inside (in the projection direction of the coupling plate 4) as
illustrated in FIG. 20. Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 19, in
the case where the joint metal 1e is viewed from the outside,
depressed portions in the shapes where a plurality of arcs centered
at the fixing holes 41 are formed in the back-side portion 42 of
the securing plate 4. Thus, the joint metal 1e includes the
securing-plate reinforcing beads 11, which project from the
back-side portion 42 of the securing plate 4 in contact with the
side surface of the support material 2 toward the projection
direction of the coupling plate 5. This allows improving the
rigidity of the securing plate 4, and allows suppressing falling
over of the pair of coupling plates 5 when the securing plate 4 is
fastened with fixtures such as bolts.
[0112] In a joint metal 1f according to a seventh embodiment of the
present invention illustrated in FIG. 21, the reinforcing ribs 10
of the joint metal 1d according to the fifth embodiment are further
disposed in the joint metal where the securing-plate reinforcing
beads 11 are disposed on the securing plate 4 like the joint metal
1e according to the sixth embodiment. In the joint metal 1f, as
illustrated in FIG. 21, the reinforcing ribs 11 are formed on the
bended portions 9 so as not to interfere with the securing-plate
reinforcing beads 11. Thus, the securing-plate reinforcing beads 11
and the reinforcing ribs 10 may be combined together. This allows
improving the rigidity of the securing plate 4 and improving the
strength of the bended portions 9.
[0113] The following describes a joint metal 1g according to an
eighth embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG.
22 to FIG. 24. As illustrated in FIG. 22 to FIG. 24, the joint
metal 1g includes bended-portion reinforcing beads 12, which
communicate with the securing plate 4 from the coupling plates 5
through the bended portions 9 at the boundaries between the
securing plate 4 and the coupling plates 5.
[0114] As illustrated in FIG. 22, the respective bended-portion
reinforcing beads 12 are disposed to be positioned between the
fixing holes 41 adjacent to one another in the vertical direction.
As illustrated in FIG. 24, the bended-portion reinforcing bead 12
is formed by, for example, press work or similar work so as to
project inwardly, and is formed in approximately an L shape in top
view. As illustrated in FIG. 22 and FIG. 23, this bended-portion
reinforcing bead 12 is formed, on the securing plate 4 side, to
have a width L8 and to extend form the bended portion 9 in the
straight line by a predetermined distance W8 in the horizontal
direction. On the coupling plate 5 side, the bended-portion
reinforcing bead 12 is formed to have the width L8 similarly to the
securing plate 4 side and to extend from the base end (the bended
portion 9) of the coupling plate 5 toward the distal end side in
the straight line by a predetermined distance W9 in the horizontal
direction. Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 22, when the joint
metal 1d is viewed from outside, depressed portions extending from
the bended portions 9 in the horizontal direction by the
predetermined distance W8 are formed in the back-side portion 42 of
the securing plate 4. On the outer surface of the coupling plate 5,
as illustrated in FIG. 23, depressed portions extending from the
bended portions 9 toward the distal end side of the coupling plates
5 in the horizontal direction by the predetermined distance W9 are
formed. Thus, the joint metal 1g includes the bended-portion
reinforcing beads 12, which are disposed in communication with the
securing plate 4 from the coupling plate 5 through the bended
portions 9. This allows improving the strength of the bended
portions 9, thus suppressing falling over of the pair of coupling
plates 5 when the securing plate 4 is fastened with fixtures such
as bolts at a high torque. Additionally, the bended-portion
reinforcing bead 12 is disposed to extend in the horizontal
direction of the securing plate 4 and the coupling plate 5 by the
respective predetermined distances W8 and W9. This allows improving
the strength near the bended portions 9 of the securing plate 4 and
the coupling plate 5.
[0115] The following describes a joint metal 1h according to a
ninth embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIG. 25
and FIG. 26. As illustrated in FIG. 25 and FIG. 26, the joint metal
1h includes bended-portion reinforcing beads 12a and end-portion
reinforcing beads 13. The bended-portion reinforcing beads 12a are
disposed in communication with the securing plate 4 from the
coupling plate 5 through the bended portions 9 at the boundaries
between the securing plate 4 and the coupling plates 5. The
end-portion reinforcing beads 13 are formed in both the end
portions in the width direction of the securing plate 4 to be long
in the vertical direction.
[0116] A plurality of the bended-portion reinforcing beads 12a are
disposed at shorter intervals in the vertical direction than the
bended-portion reinforcing beads 12 disposed in the joint metal 1g
according to the eighth embodiment. Additionally, a width L9 of the
bended-portion reinforcing bead 12a is formed to be a width larger
than the width L8 of the bended-portion reinforcing bead 12
disposed in the joint metal 1g according to the eighth
embodiment.
[0117] As illustrated in FIG. 25, the end-portion reinforcing bead
13 is formed to have a width W10 longer than the size extending in
the horizontal direction from the bended portion 9 toward the
securing plate 4 side of the bended-portion reinforcing bead 12a.
The end-portion reinforcing beads 13 are formed over the vertical
direction (the longitudinal direction) of both the end portions of
the securing plate 4. The end-portion reinforcing bead 13 is formed
by, for example, press work or similar work so as to project from
the back-side portion 42 of the securing plate 4 toward the inside
(the projection direction of the coupling plate 4). Accordingly, as
illustrated in FIG. 25, in the case where the joint metal 1h is
viewed from the outside, depressed portions in the vertically long
shapes on both the ends of the back-side portion 42 of the securing
plate 4. Here, this embodiment describes the example where the
end-portion reinforcing beads 13 are formed over the vertical
direction in both the end portions of the securing plate 4. This,
however, should not be construed in a limiting sense. The
end-portion reinforcing bead 13 may be formed to be broken in the
course of the securing plate 4 in the vertical direction. Thus, the
joint metal 1h includes the end-portion reinforcing beads 13 in
both the end portions in the width direction of the securing plate.
This allows improving the strength of both the ends in the width
direction of the securing plate.
[0118] The following describes the experiment results of the
measurement of the deformation amount in the pair of coupling
plates 5 when the securing plates 4 of the joint metals 1d to 1g
according to the present invention are fastened with the bolts 6 so
as to be secured to the support material 2 as illustrated in FIGS.
27A and 27B. Here, measurement was performed on a distance W11
between the pair of coupling plates 5 in the position of Q
illustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B before the bolts were fastened and
on the sizes of the distance W11 between the pair of coupling
plates 5 when the bolts were fastened at 40 Nm and 80 Nm, so as to
obtain the deformation rate with respect to the size before the
bolts were fastened. In the experiments, the joint metals in the
shapes described in the following working examples 4 to 7 and
comparative examples 3 and 4 were used. Here, the joint metals in
the working examples 4 to 7 and the comparative example 4 are
different only in presence of the reinforcing portions and in
shape, and otherwise similar to one another. The comparative
example 3 employs the securing plate 4 and the coupling plate 5
that have plate thicknesses thicker than those of the working
examples 4 to 7 and the comparative example 4.
Working Example 4
[0119] The working example 4 employs the joint metal 1e where the
securing-plate reinforcing beads 11 are disposed as illustrated in
FIG. 19 and FIG. 20. In this joint metal 1e, the height H is 266
mm, the width W1 is 85 mm, the diameter .PHI. of the coupling hole
52 is 12.5 mm, the distance W2 from the base end of the coupling
plate 5 up to the center of the coupling hole 52 is 65 mm, and a
diameter .PHI.1 of the fixing hole 41 is 17 mm. For these values,
the same applies to the other working examples 5 to 7 and the
comparative examples 3 and 4. Additionally, a plate thickness t of
the securing plate 4 and the coupling plate 5 is 2.3 mm. For this
value, the same applies to the other working examples 5 to 7 and
the comparative example 4. Here, the comparative example 3 employs
the example that has the plate thickness t of the securing plate 4
and the coupling plate 5 is 3.2 mm. Additionally, a width W7 of the
securing-plate reinforcing bead 11 is 3 mm, and the diameter of the
arc on the inside of the securing-plate reinforcing bead 11 is 28
mm.
Working Example 5
[0120] As illustrated in FIGS. 22 to 24, the working example 5
employs the joint metal 1g where the bended-portion reinforcing
beads 12 are disposed. In this joint metal 1g, the width L8 of the
bended-portion reinforcing bead 12 is 7 mm, the length W8 in the
horizontal direction on the securing plate 4 side is 10 mm, and the
length W9 in the horizontal direction on the coupling plate 5 side
is 25 mm.
Working Example 6
[0121] The working example 6 employs the joint metal 1d where the
reinforcing ribs 10 are disposed as illustrated in FIGS. 16A and
16B to FIG. 18. In the reinforcing rib 10 of this joint metal 1d,
W6 in the horizontal direction on the securing plate 4 side and the
coupling plate 5 side is 10 mm and a length L7 in the vertical
direction from the position of the inner surface in the securing
plate 4 and the coupling plate 5 is 10 mm.
Working Example 7
[0122] As illustrated in FIG. 21, the working example 7 employs the
joint metal 1f where the reinforcing ribs 10 and the securing-plate
reinforcing beads 11 are disposed. This joint metal 1f includes
members similar to the securing-plate reinforcing bead 11 in the
working example 4 and to the reinforcing rib 10 in the working
example 6.
Comparative Example 3
[0123] The comparative example 3 employs a joint metal where any of
the reinforcing rib 10, the securing-plate reinforcing bead 11, and
the bended-portion reinforcing bead 12 in the working examples 4 to
7 is not disposed and where the plate thickness t of the securing
plate 4 and the coupling plate 5 is 3.2 mm.
Comparative Example 4
[0124] The comparative example 4 employs a joint metal where any of
the reinforcing rib 10, the securing-plate reinforcing bead 11, and
the bended-portion reinforcing bead 12 in the working examples 4 to
7 is not disposed.
[0125] Table 2 below shows the measurement result of the working
examples 4 to 7 and the comparative examples 3 and 4. Table 2 shows
the size of the distance W11 of the pair of coupling plates 5 in
the position of Q illustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B before the bolts
are fastened, the sizes of the distance W11 of the pair of coupling
plates 5 when the bolts are fastened at 40 Nm and 80 Nm, and the
deformation rates of the sizes when the bolts are fastened at 40 Nm
and 80 Nm with respect to the size before the bolts are
fastened.
[0126] As illustrated in Table 2, the working examples 4 to 7 are
found to ensure equivalent or superior performances compared with
the working example 3, which employs the joint metal where the
plate thickness t of the securing plate 4 and the coupling plate 5
is formed to be thick like the conventional joint metal.
[0127] The working examples 4 to 7 are found to considerably
improve the strength compared with the case using the joint metal
where reinforcement is not performed and the plate thickness t of
the securing plate 4 and the coupling plate 5 is thinned like the
comparative example 4. Especially, at a high torque of 80 Nm, the
difference is large.
[0128] Based on the measurement result in Table 2, as illustrated
in the working examples 4 to 7, using the joint metal where any of
the reinforcing rib 10, the securing-plate reinforcing bead 11, and
the bended-portion reinforcing bead 12 is disposed allows
suppressing falling over of the pair of coupling plates 5 as
illustrated in FIGS. 27A and 27B even when the bolts are fastened
at a high torque. This allows thinning of the plate thickness t of
the securing plate 4 and the coupling plate 5 while ensuring the
strength.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Fastening Measurement Working Working
Working Working Comparative Comparative Torque Result Example 4
Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 3 Example 4 Before Fastening
Measured 43.40 43.35 43.91 43.20 44.04 43.96 Size(mm) 40N m
Measured 44.10 42.19 43.25 42.68 42.75 42.23 Size(mm) Deformation
101.6 97.3 98.5 98.8 97.1 96.1 Rate(%) 80N m Measured 42.92 41.06
41.84 40.86 41.48 39.61 Size(mm) Deformation 98.9 94.7 95.3 94.6
94.2 90.1 Rate(%)
[0129] Here, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited
to the above-described embodiments. Various modifications are
possible without departing from the technical scope of the present
invention.
DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE SIGNS
[0130] 1, 1a to 1h joint metal [0131] 2 support material [0132] 3
horizontal structural member [0133] 31 groove [0134] 4 securing
plate [0135] 5, 5a to 5c coupling plate [0136] 51 pin groove [0137]
52 coupling hole [0138] 531 sixth deficient portion [0139] 532 and
533 second deficient portion [0140] 54 first deficient portion
[0141] 55 fifth deficient portion [0142] 56 coupling portion [0143]
57 third deficient portion [0144] 58 fourth deficient portion
[0145] 59 seventh deficient portion [0146] 8 drift pin (coupling
tool) [0147] 9 bended portion [0148] 10 reinforcing rib [0149] 11
securing-plate reinforcing bead [0150] 12 bended-portion
reinforcing bead [0151] 13 end-portion reinforcing bead [0152] A
straight line [0153] B virtual line (straight line)
* * * * *