U.S. patent application number 17/661758 was filed with the patent office on 2022-08-18 for multiple-input multiple-output system performance using advanced receivers for 5g or other next generation networks.
The applicant listed for this patent is AT&T Intellectual Property I, L.P.. Invention is credited to Arunabha Ghosh, SaiRamesh Nammi.
Application Number | 20220263559 17/661758 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000006305748 |
Filed Date | 2022-08-18 |
United States Patent
Application |
20220263559 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Nammi; SaiRamesh ; et
al. |
August 18, 2022 |
MULTIPLE-INPUT MULTIPLE-OUTPUT SYSTEM PERFORMANCE USING ADVANCED
RECEIVERS FOR 5G OR OTHER NEXT GENERATION NETWORKS
Abstract
Fast calculation of channel state information using demodulation
reference signals (DM-RS) is provided herein. The channel state
information can be calculated by estimating the signal to noise
ratio of a communication link based on the DM-RS, and then
estimating the channel quality indicator based on the SINR. The
advanced receivers can use list-based detection methods which the
estimated SINR can improve the performance thereof. Channel state
information is traditionally calculated based on the channel state
reference signals (CS-RS). Demodulation reference signals, which
are used for channel estimation for a data channel, are transmitted
at different times than CS-RS however, and so some portions of the
channel state information including layer indicator (LI) and
channel quality indicator (CQI) can be calculated based on the
demodulation reference signals, allowing a network to adapt more
quickly to changing channel conditions, without having to transmit
a CS-RS.
Inventors: |
Nammi; SaiRamesh; (Kista,
SE) ; Ghosh; Arunabha; (Austin, TX) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
AT&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. |
Atlanta |
GA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000006305748 |
Appl. No.: |
17/661758 |
Filed: |
May 3, 2022 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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16865931 |
May 4, 2020 |
11356161 |
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17661758 |
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16367938 |
Mar 28, 2019 |
10686508 |
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16865931 |
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62717366 |
Aug 10, 2018 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04B 7/0626 20130101;
H04B 17/336 20150115; H04B 7/0882 20130101; H04L 1/0026 20130101;
H04L 1/203 20130101 |
International
Class: |
H04B 7/06 20060101
H04B007/06; H04L 1/20 20060101 H04L001/20; H04B 17/336 20060101
H04B017/336; H04L 1/00 20060101 H04L001/00; H04B 7/08 20060101
H04B007/08 |
Claims
1. A method, comprising: in response receiving a demodulation
reference signal to facilitate channel estimation for a
communication link, determining, by a user equipment comprising a
processor, a signal power to noise covariance value for the
communication link, comprising: determining soft symbols from an
output of a receiver of the user equipment, and determining a noise
covariance based on respective probabilities of the soft symbols;
and employing, by the user equipment, the signal power to noise
covariance value as an estimated signal to interference plus noise
ratio for the communication link.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the soft symbols
comprises determining the soft symbols using a maximum likelihood
metric.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the soft symbols
comprises determining the soft symbols using a maximum a posteriori
probability metric.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising determining, by the
user equipment, a channel quality indicator value based on the
signal power to noise covariance value.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising sending, by the user
equipment, the channel quality indicator value to network
equipment.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising receiving, by the user
equipment, from the network equipment, a scheduling parameter based
on the channel quality indicator value.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the scheduling parameter
corresponds to a modulation and coding scheme.
8. A user equipment, comprising: a processor; and a memory that
stores executable instructions that, when executed by the
processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising: in
response receiving a demodulation reference signal to facilitate
channel estimation for a communication channel, determining a
signal power to noise covariance value for the communication
channel, comprising: determining soft symbols from an output of a
receiver of the user equipment, and determining a noise covariance
based on respective probabilities of the soft symbols; and
utilizing the signal power to noise covariance value as part of
estimating a signal to interference plus noise ratio for the
communication channel.
9. The user equipment of claim 8, wherein determining the soft
symbols comprises determining the soft symbols using a maximum
likelihood metric.
10. The user equipment of claim 8, wherein determining the soft
symbols comprises determining the soft symbols using a maximum a
posteriori probability metric.
11. The user equipment of claim 8, wherein the operations further
comprise determining a channel quality indicator value based on the
signal power to noise covariance value.
12. The user equipment of claim 11, wherein the operations further
comprise transmitting the channel quality indicator value to
network equipment.
13. The user equipment of claim 12, wherein the operations further
comprise receiving, from the network equipment, a scheduling
parameter based on the channel quality indicator value.
14. The user equipment of claim 13, wherein the scheduling
parameter corresponds to a modulation and coding scheme.
15. A non-transitory machine-readable medium, comprising executable
instructions that, when executed by a processor of a mobile device,
facilitate performance of operations, comprising: in response
receiving a demodulation reference signal to facilitate channel
estimation for a channel, determining a signal power to noise
covariance value for the channel, comprising: determining soft
symbols from an output of a receiver of the mobile device, and
determining a noise covariance based on respective probabilities of
the soft symbols; and utilizing the signal power to noise
covariance value as an estimated signal to interference plus noise
ratio for the channel.
16. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein
determining the soft symbols comprises determining the soft symbols
using a maximum likelihood metric.
17. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein
determining the soft symbols comprises determining the soft symbols
using a maximum a posteriori probability metric.
18. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 15, wherein
the operations further comprise determining a channel quality
indicator value based on the signal power to noise covariance
value.
19. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 18, wherein
the operations further comprise communicating the channel quality
indicator value to network equipment.
20. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 19, wherein
the operations further comprise receiving, from the network
equipment, a scheduling parameter based on the channel quality
indicator value.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The subject patent application is a continuation of, and
claims priority to each of, U.S. patent application Ser. No.
16/865,931, filed May 4, 2020, and entitled "IMPROVED
MULTIPLE-INPUT MULTIPLE-OUTPUT SYSTEM PERFORMANCE USING ADVANCED
RECEIVERS FOR 5G OR OTHER NEXT GENERATION NETWORKS," which is a
continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/367,938 (now
U.S. Pat. No. 10,686,508), filed Mar. 28, 2019, and entitled
"IMPROVED MULTIPLE-INPUT MULTIPLE-OUTPUT SYSTEM PERFORMANCE USING
ADVANCED RECEIVERS FOR 5G OR OTHER NEXT GENERATION NETWORKS," each
of which applications claim the benefit of priority to U.S.
Provisional Patent Application No. 62/717,366, filed Aug. 10, 2018
and titled "IMPROVED MIMO SYSTEM PERFORMANCE USING ADVANCED
RECEIVERS IN A 5G WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM," the respective
entireties of which priority applications are incorporated herein
by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] This disclosure relates generally to facilitating reporting
sub-band channel quality. For example, this disclosure relates to
facilitating reporting sub-band channel quality data to perform
frequency selective scheduling for a 5G, or other next generation
network, air interface.
BACKGROUND
[0003] 5.sup.th generation (5G) wireless systems represent a next
major phase of mobile telecommunications standards beyond the
current telecommunications standards of 4.sup.th generation (4G).
Rather than faster peak Internet connection speeds, 5G planning
aims at higher capacity than current 4G, allowing a higher number
of mobile broadband users per area unit, and allowing consumption
of higher or unlimited data quantities. This would enable a large
portion of the population to stream high-definition media many
hours per day with their mobile devices, when out of reach of
wireless fidelity hotspots. 5G research and development also aims
at improved support of machine-to-machine communication, also known
as the Internet of things, aiming at lower cost, lower battery
consumption, and lower latency than 4G equipment.
[0004] The above-described background relating to improved MIMO
system performance is merely intended to provide a contextual
overview of some current issues, and is not intended to be
exhaustive. Other contextual information may become further
apparent upon review of the following detailed description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0005] Non-limiting and non-exhaustive embodiments of the subject
disclosure are described with reference to the following figures,
wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the
various views unless otherwise specified.
[0006] FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system
in which a network node device (e.g., network node) and user
equipment (UE) can implement various aspects and embodiments of the
subject disclosure.
[0007] FIG. 2 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram
of a message sequence chart between a network node and user
equipment according to one or more embodiments.
[0008] FIG. 3 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram
of a multiple code word MIMO transmitter.
[0009] FIG. 4 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram
of a multiple codeword MIMO receiver without codeword interference
cancellation.
[0010] FIG. 5 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram
of a multiple codeword MIMO receiver comprising codeword
interference cancellation.
[0011] FIG. 6 illustrates an example graph of a rank indicator (RI)
distribution over 0.5 milliseconds and a pre-coding matrix
indicator (PMI) distribution over 0.5 milliseconds for a 5G network
according to one or more embodiments.
[0012] FIG. 7 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram
of a message sequence chart between a network node and user
equipment using DMRS according to one or more embodiments.
[0013] FIG. 8 illustrates an example flow diagram for user
equipment device operations for improved MIMO system performance
for a 5G network according to one or more embodiments.
[0014] FIG. 9 illustrates an example flow diagram for network
device operations for improved MIMO system performance for a 5G
network according to one or more embodiments.
[0015] FIG. 10 illustrates an example flow diagram for a system for
improved MIMO system performance for a 5G network according to one
or more embodiments.
[0016] FIG. 11 illustrates an example block diagram of an example
mobile handset operable to engage in a system architecture that
facilitates secure wireless communication according to one or more
embodiments described herein.
[0017] FIG. 12 illustrates an example block diagram of an example
computer operable to engage in a system architecture that
facilitates secure wireless communication according to one or more
embodiments described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] In the following description, numerous specific details are
set forth to provide a thorough understanding of various
embodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize,
however, that the techniques described herein can be practiced
without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods,
components, materials, etc. In other instances, well-known
structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in
detail to avoid obscuring certain aspects.
[0019] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment,"
or "an embodiment," means that a particular feature, structure, or
characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is
included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the
phrase "in one embodiment," "in one aspect," or "in an embodiment,"
in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily
all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular
features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any
suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
[0020] As utilized herein, terms "component," "system,"
"interface," and the like are intended to refer to a
computer-related entity, hardware, software (e.g., in execution),
and/or firmware. For example, a component can be a processor, a
process running on a processor, an object, an executable, a
program, a storage device, and/or a computer. By way of
illustration, an application running on a server and the server can
be a component. One or more components can reside within a process,
and a component can be localized on one computer and/or distributed
between two or more computers.
[0021] Further, these components can execute from various
machine-readable media having various data structures stored
thereon. The components can communicate via local and/or remote
processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more
data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with
another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or
across a network, e.g., the Internet, a local area network, a wide
area network, etc. with other systems via the signal).
[0022] As another example, a component can be an apparatus with
specific functionality provided by mechanical parts operated by
electric or electronic circuitry; the electric or electronic
circuitry can be operated by a software application or a firmware
application executed by one or more processors; the one or more
processors can be internal or external to the apparatus and can
execute at least a part of the software or firmware application. As
yet another example, a component can be an apparatus that provides
specific functionality through electronic components without
mechanical parts; the electronic components can include one or more
processors therein to execute software and/or firmware that
confer(s), at least in part, the functionality of the electronic
components. In an aspect, a component can emulate an electronic
component via a virtual machine, e.g., within a cloud computing
system.
[0023] The words "exemplary" and/or "demonstrative" are used herein
to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. For the
avoidance of doubt, the subject matter disclosed herein is not
limited by such examples. In addition, any aspect or design
described herein as "exemplary" and/or "demonstrative" is not
necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other
aspects or designs, nor is it meant to preclude equivalent
exemplary structures and techniques known to those of ordinary
skill in the art. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms
"includes," "has," "contains," and other similar words are used in
either the detailed description or the claims, such terms are
intended to be inclusive--in a manner similar to the term
"comprising" as an open transition word--without precluding any
additional or other elements.
[0024] As used herein, the term "infer" or "inference" refers
generally to the process of reasoning about, or inferring states
of, the system, environment, user, and/or intent from a set of
observations as captured via events and/or data. Captured data and
events can include user data, device data, environment data, data
from sensors, sensor data, application data, implicit data,
explicit data, etc. Inference can be employed to identify a
specific context or action, or can generate a probability
distribution over states of interest based on a consideration of
data and events, for example.
[0025] Inference can also refer to techniques employed for
composing higher-level events from a set of events and/or data.
Such inference results in the construction of new events or actions
from a set of observed events and/or stored event data, whether the
events are correlated in close temporal proximity, and whether the
events and data come from one or several event and data sources.
Various classification schemes and/or systems (e.g., support vector
machines, neural networks, expert systems, Bayesian belief
networks, fuzzy logic, and data fusion engines) can be employed in
connection with performing automatic and/or inferred action in
connection with the disclosed subject matter.
[0026] In addition, the disclosed subject matter can be implemented
as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard
programming and/or engineering techniques to produce software,
firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof to control a
computer to implement the disclosed subject matter. The term
"article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a
computer program accessible from any computer-readable device,
machine-readable device, computer-readable carrier,
computer-readable media, or machine-readable media. For example,
computer-readable media can include, but are not limited to, a
magnetic storage device, e.g., hard disk; floppy disk; magnetic
strip(s); an optical disk (e.g., compact disk (CD), a digital video
disc (DVD), a Blu-ray Disc.TM. (BD)); a smart card; a flash memory
device (e.g., card, stick, key drive); and/or a virtual device that
emulates a storage device and/or any of the above computer-readable
media.
[0027] As an overview, various embodiments are described herein to
facilitate improved MIMO system performance for a 5G air interface
or other next generation networks. For simplicity of explanation,
the methods (or algorithms) are depicted and described as a series
of acts. It is to be understood and appreciated that the various
embodiments are not limited by the acts illustrated and/or by the
order of acts. For example, acts can occur in various orders and/or
concurrently, and with other acts not presented or described
herein. Furthermore, not all illustrated acts may be required to
implement the methods. In addition, the methods could alternatively
be represented as a series of interrelated states via a state
diagram or events. Additionally, the methods described hereafter
are capable of being stored on an article of manufacture (e.g., a
machine-readable storage medium) to facilitate transporting and
transferring such methodologies to computers. The term article of
manufacture, as used herein, is intended to encompass a computer
program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or
media, including a non-transitory machine-readable storage
medium.
[0028] It should be noted that although various aspects and
embodiments have been described herein in the context of 5G,
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), and/or Long Term
Evolution (LTE), or other next generation networks, the disclosed
aspects are not limited to 5G, a UMTS implementation, and/or an LTE
implementation as the techniques can also be applied in 3G, 4G or
LTE systems. For example, aspects or features of the disclosed
embodiments can be exploited in substantially any wireless
communication technology. Such wireless communication technologies
can include UMTS, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wi-Fi,
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), General
Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced GPRS, Third Generation
Partnership Project (3GPP), LTE, Third Generation Partnership
Project 2 (3GPP2) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), High Speed Packet
Access (HSPA), Evolved High Speed Packet Access (HSPA+), High-Speed
Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High-Speed Uplink Packet Access
(HSUPA), Zigbee, or another IEEE 802.XX technology. Additionally,
substantially all aspects disclosed herein can be exploited in
legacy telecommunication technologies.
[0029] Described herein are systems, methods, articles of
manufacture, and other embodiments or implementations that can
facilitate improved MIMO system performance for frequency selective
scheduling for a 5G network. Facilitating improved MIMO system
performance for a 5G network can be implemented in connection with
any type of device with a connection to the communications network
(e.g., a mobile handset, a computer, a handheld device, etc.) any
Internet of things (IOT) device (e.g., toaster, coffee maker,
blinds, music players, speakers, etc.), and/or any connected
vehicles (cars, airplanes, space rockets, and/or other at least
partially automated vehicles (e.g., drones)). In some embodiments
the non-limiting term user equipment (UE) is used. It can refer to
any type of wireless device that communicates with a radio network
node in a cellular or mobile communication system. Examples of UE
are target device, device to device (D2D) UE, machine type UE or UE
capable of machine to machine (M2M) communication, PDA, Tablet,
mobile terminals, smart phone, laptop embedded equipped (LEE),
laptop mounted equipment (LME), USB dongles etc. Note that the
terms element, elements and antenna ports can be interchangeably
used but carry the same meaning in this disclosure. The embodiments
are applicable to single carrier as well as to multicarrier (MC) or
carrier aggregation (CA) operation of the UE. The term carrier
aggregation (CA) is also called (e.g., interchangeably called)
"multi-carrier system", "multi-cell operation", "multi-carrier
operation", "multi-carrier" transmission and/or reception.
[0030] In some embodiments the non-limiting term radio network node
or simply network node is used. It can refer to any type of network
node that serves UE is connected to other network nodes or network
elements or any radio node from where UE receives a signal.
Examples of radio network nodes are Node B, base station (BS),
multi-standard radio (MSR) node such as MSR BS, eNode B, network
controller, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller
(BSC), relay, donor node controlling relay, base transceiver
station (BTS), access point (AP), transmission points, transmission
nodes, RRU, RRH, nodes in distributed antenna system (DAS) etc.
[0031] Cloud radio access networks (RAN) can enable the
implementation of concepts such as software-defined network (SDN)
and network function virtualization (NFV) in 5G networks. This
disclosure can facilitate a generic channel state information
framework design for a 5G network. Certain embodiments of this
disclosure can comprise an SDN controller that can control routing
of traffic within the network and between the network and traffic
destinations. The SDN controller can be merged with the 5G network
architecture to enable service deliveries via open application
programming interfaces ("APIs") and move the network core towards
an all internet protocol ("IP"), cloud based, and software driven
telecommunications network. The SDN controller can work with, or
take the place of policy and charging rules function ("PCRF")
network elements so that policies such as quality of service and
traffic management and routing can be synchronized and managed end
to end.
[0032] To meet the huge demand for data centric applications, 4G
standards can be applied 5G, also called new radio (NR) access. 5G
networks can comprise the following: data rates of several tens of
megabits per second supported for tens of thousands of users; 1
gigabit per second can be offered simultaneously to tens of workers
on the same office floor; several hundreds of thousands of
simultaneous connections can be supported for massive sensor
deployments; spectral efficiency can be enhanced compared to 4G;
improved coverage; enhanced signaling efficiency; and reduced
latency compared to LTE. In multicarrier system such as OFDM, each
subcarrier can occupy bandwidth (e.g., subcarrier spacing). If the
carriers use the same bandwidth spacing, then it can be considered
a single numerology. However, if the carriers occupy different
bandwidth and/or spacing, then it can be considered a multiple
numerology.
[0033] Downlink reference signals are predefined signals occupying
specific resource elements within a downlink time-frequency grid.
There are several types of downlink reference signals that can be
transmitted in different ways and used for different purposes by a
receiving terminal. Channel state information reference signals
(CSI-RS) can be used by terminals to acquire channel-state
information (CSI) and beam specific information (e.g., beam
reference signal received power). In 5G, CSI-RS can be user
equipment (UE) specific so it can have a significantly lower
time/frequency density. Demodulation reference signals (DM-RS),
also sometimes referred to as UE-specific reference signals, can be
used by terminals for channel estimation of data channels. The
label "UE-specific" relates to each demodulation reference signal
being intended for channel estimation by a single terminal. The
demodulation reference signal can then be transmitted within the
resource blocks assigned for data traffic channel transmission to
that terminal. Other than the aforementioned reference signals,
there are other reference signals, namely multi-cast broadcast
single frequency network (MBSFN) and positioning reference signals
that can be used for various purposes.
[0034] A physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) can carry
information about scheduling grants. Typically, this comprises a of
number of multiple-in multiple-out (MIMO) layers scheduled,
transport block sizes, modulation for each code word, parameters
related to a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ), sub band
locations etc. It should be noted that all downlink control
information (DCI) formats may not transmit all the information as
shown above. In general, the contents of PDCCH can depend on a
transmission mode and a DCI format. Typically, the following
information is transmitted by means of the DCI format: carrier
indicator, identifier for dci formats, bandwidth part indicator,
frequency domain resource assignment, time domain resource
assignment, virtual resource block (VRB) to physical resource block
(PRB) mapping flag, PRB bundling size indicator, rate matching
indicator, zero-punctuation (ZP) CSI-RS trigger, modulation and
coding scheme for each transport block (TB), new data indicator for
each TB, redundancy version for each TB, HARQ process number,
downlink assignment index, transaction processing benchmark (TPC)
command for uplink control channel, physical uplink control channel
(PUCCH) resource indicator, physical downlink scheduling channel to
HARQ feedback timing indicator, antenna port(s), transmission
configuration indication, system requirement specification (SRS)
request, code block group (CBG) transmission information, CBG
flushing out information, and/or demodulation reference signal
(DMRS) sequence initialization.
[0035] The uplink control channel can carry information about
HARQ-acknowledgment (ACK) information corresponding to the downlink
data transmission, and channel state information. The channel state
information typically comprise: CRI, RI, CQI, PMI and layer
indicator data, etc. The CSI can be divided into two categories:
one for sub-band and the other for wideband. The configuration of
sub-band or wideband CSI reporting can be done through RRC
signaling as part of CSI reporting configuration. Table 1 depicts
the contents of a CSI report for PMI format indicator =Wideband,
CQI format indicator=wideband and for PMI format
indicator=sub-band, CQI format indicator=sub-band.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Contents of CSI report for both wideband and
side band PMI-Format Indicator = sub-band PMI or PMI-Format
Indicator = wideband PMI CQI-Format Indicator =sub-band CQI and
CQI-Format Indicator = wideband CSI Part II CQI CSI Part I wideband
sub-band CRI CRI Wideband Sub-band CQI for the differential second
TB CQI for the second TB (transport block) of all even sub- bands
Rank Indicator Rank Indicator PMI PMI sub- wideband band (X1 and
X2) information fields X.sub.2 of all even sub- bands Layer
Indicator Layer Indicator -- Sub-band differential CQI for the
second TB of all odd sub-bands PMI wideband (X1 and X2) Wideband
CQI -- PMI sub- band information fields X.sub.2 of all odd sub-
bands Wideband CQI Sub-band -- -- differential CQI for the first
TB
[0036] Note that for NR, the sub-band is defined according to the
bandwidth part of the OFDM in terms of PRBs as shown in Table 2.
The sub-band configuration is also done through RRC signaling.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Configurable sub-band sizes Carrier
bandwidth part (PRBs) Sub-band Size (PRBs) <24 N/A 24-72 4, 8
73-144 8, 16 145-275 16, 32
[0037] According to the existing 5G NR standard, the UE should
report sub-band CQI as a differential CQI to reduce the uplink
overhead. The differential sub-band CQI can be defined. As each
sub-band index s, a 2-bit sub-band differential CQI can be defined
as sub-band offset level (s)=wideband CQI index-sub-band CQI index
(s). The mapping from the 2-bit wideband differential CQI values to
the offset level is shown in Table 3.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Mapping sub band differential CQI value to
offset level Sub band differential CQI value Offset level 0 0 1 1 2
.gtoreq.2 3 .ltoreq.-1
[0038] As mentioned in the above sections, even though the UE can
transmit feedback either wideband CQI and wideband precoding matrix
index (PMI), or sub-band CQI and sub-band precoding matrix index
based on the RRC configuration of CSI reporting, when the UE is
configured to report sub-band PMI and sub-band CQI, the UE can
report two bits for each sub-band and reports differential CQI as
in Table 3.
[0039] To report sub-band differential CQI from the UE, the network
can provide an offset value (Diff_offset) to the UE. After
receiving this value, the UE can report the sub-band differential
CQI according to the table 4. For each sub-band index s, a log
2(N+2)-bit sub-band differential CQI can be defined as:
Sub - band .times. Offset .times. level .times. ( s ) = wideband
.times. .times. CQI .times. index - sub - band .times. .times. CQI
.times. index .times. ( s ) Equation .times. ( 1 ) ##EQU00001##
[0040] The following Table 4 summarizes the CSI-RS configuration
and the CSI reporting. It can be observed that for CSI reporting a
CSI-RS transmission and signaling from the network to the UE can be
utilized.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Triggering/Activation of CSI Reporting for
Possible CSI-RS Configurations CS-RS Periodic CSI Semi-Persistent
CSI Configuration Reporting Reporting Aperiodic CSI Reporting
Periodic CSI-RS Not Supported For reporting on PUCCH, Triggered by
DCI; the UE receives an additionally, activation activation command
[10, command [10, TS 38.321] TS 38.321]; for reporting possible as
defined in on PUSCH, the UE Subclause 5.2.1.5.1. receives
triggering on DCI Semi-Persistent Not Supported Not Supported
Triggered by DCI; CSI-RS additionally, activation command [10, TS
38.321] possible as defined in Subclause 5.2.1.5.1. Aperiodic CSI-
RS
[0041] The CSI can be computed by using the scheduled PDSCH and
DMRS using advanced receivers. For example, an advanced receiver
can decode the PDSCH data and compute the CSI using an estimated
signal interference to noise ratio (SINR). This disclosure
comprises multiple embodiments, which can be implemented at the
receiver node either in UE downlink MIMO or at the network uplink
MIMO. Consequently, various advantages can be realized. For
example, significant gains can be realized in sector throughput and
cell edge user throughput as the network obtains the information
about the CQI by efficiently using the advanced receivers. Although
various embodiments in this disclosure are described in to downlink
data transmissions for MIMO systems, the same principle can be
applicable for uplink and side link systems.
[0042] Note, for simplicity the radio network node or simply
network node is used for gNB. It refers to any type of network node
that serves UE and/or connected to other network node or network
element or any radio node from where UE receives signal. Similarly,
the terms element, elements and antenna ports can also be used
interchangeably, yet carry the same meaning in this disclosure.
Thus, in general, RI computed over the whole bandwidth does not
change. Similarly, the PMI computed over the whole bandwidth does
not change as shown FIG. 6.
[0043] In one embodiment, described herein is a user equipment
device that can receive, by a receiver of the user equipment device
that uses list-based detection, a demodulation reference signal to
facilitate channel estimation for a data channel of a communication
link with a network node device. The user equipment device can
estimate a signal to interference plus noise ratio of the
communication link. Additionally, the user equipment device can
match a channel quality indicator value to the signal to
interference plus noise ratio. Furthermore, the user equipment
device can transmit the channel quality indicator value to the
network node device.
[0044] According to another embodiment, a network node device can
facilitate determining a signal to interference plus noise ratio of
a communication link with a user equipment device. Additionally,
the network node device can determine a modulation and coding
scheme that corresponds to a block error rate threshold based on
the signal to interference plus noise ratio. Furthermore, the
network node device can transmit a scheduling parameter that
corresponds to the modulation and coding scheme to the user
equipment device via a downlink control channel.
[0045] According to yet another embodiment, a system can facilitate
operations comprising receiving, from a network node device, a
demodulation reference signal to facilitate a channel estimation
associated with a communication link. Based on the receiving the
demodulation reference signal, the system can facilitate
generating, by a mobile device, channel state data associated with
the communication link. Furthermore, based on the channel state
data, the system can facilitate generating, by the mobile device, a
channel quality indicator value associated with the communication
link.
[0046] These and other embodiments or implementations are described
in more detail below with reference to the drawings.
[0047] Referring now to FIG. 1, illustrated is an example wireless
communication system 100 in accordance with various aspects and
embodiments of the subject disclosure. In one or more embodiments,
system 100 can comprise one or more user equipment UEs 102, 104.
The non-limiting term user equipment can refer to any type of
device that can communicate with a network node in a cellular or
mobile communication system. A UE can have one or more antenna
panels having vertical and horizontal elements. Examples of a UE
comprise a target device, device to device (D2D) UE, machine type
UE or UE capable of machine to machine (M2M) communications,
personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet, mobile terminals, smart
phone, laptop mounted equipment (LME), universal serial bus (USB)
dongles enabled for mobile communications, a computer having mobile
capabilities, a mobile device such as cellular phone, a laptop
having laptop embedded equipment (LEE, such as a mobile broadband
adapter), a tablet computer having a mobile broadband adapter, a
wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) device, a heads-up display
(HUD) device, a smart car, a machine-type communication (MTC)
device, and the like. User equipment UE 102 can also comprise IOT
devices that communicate wirelessly.
[0048] In various embodiments, system 100 is or comprises a
wireless communication network serviced by one or more wireless
communication network providers. In example embodiments, a UE 102
can be communicatively coupled to the wireless communication
network via a network node 106. The network node (e.g., network
node device) can communicate with user equipment (UE), thus
providing connectivity between the UE and the wider cellular
network. The UE 102 can send transmission type recommendation data
to the network node 106. The transmission type recommendation data
can comprise a recommendation to transmit data via a closed loop
MIMO mode and/or a rank-1 precoder mode.
[0049] A network node can have a cabinet and other protected
enclosures, an antenna mast, and multiple antennas for performing
various transmission operations (e.g., MIMO operations). Network
nodes can serve several cells, also called sectors, depending on
the configuration and type of antenna. In example embodiments, the
UE 102 can send and/or receive communication data via a wireless
link to the network node 106. The dashed arrow lines from the
network node 106 to the UE 102 represent downlink (DL)
communications and the solid arrow lines from the UE 102 to the
network nodes 106 represents an uplink (UL) communication.
[0050] System 100 can further include one or more communication
service provider networks 106 that facilitate providing wireless
communication services to various UEs, including UE 102, via the
network node 106 and/or various additional network devices (not
shown) included in the one or more communication service provider
networks 106. The one or more communication service provider
networks 106 can include various types of disparate networks,
including but not limited to: cellular networks, femto networks,
picocell networks, microcell networks, internet protocol (IP)
networks Wi-Fi service networks, broadband service network,
enterprise networks, cloud based networks, and the like. For
example, in at least one implementation, system 100 can be or
include a large scale wireless communication network that spans
various geographic areas. According to this implementation, the one
or more communication service provider networks 106 can be or
include the wireless communication network and/or various
additional devices and components of the wireless communication
network (e.g., additional network devices and cell, additional UEs,
network server devices, etc.). The network node 106 can be
connected to the one or more communication service provider
networks 106 via one or more backhaul links 108. For example, the
one or more backhaul links 108 can comprise wired link components,
such as a T1/E1 phone line, a digital subscriber line (DSL) (e.g.,
either synchronous or asynchronous), an asymmetric DSL (ADSL), an
optical fiber backbone, a coaxial cable, and the like. The one or
more backhaul links 108 can also include wireless link components,
such as but not limited to, line-of-sight (LOS) or non-LOS links
which can include terrestrial air-interfaces or deep space links
(e.g., satellite communication links for navigation).
[0051] Wireless communication system 100 can employ various
cellular systems, technologies, and modulation modes to facilitate
wireless radio communications between devices (e.g., the UE 102 and
the network node 106). While example embodiments might be described
for 5G new radio (NR) systems, the embodiments can be applicable to
any radio access technology (RAT) or multi-RAT system where the UE
operates using multiple carriers e.g., LTE FDD/TDD, GSM/GERAN,
CDMA2000 etc.
[0052] For example, system 100 can operate in accordance with
global system for mobile communications (GSM), universal mobile
telecommunications service (UMTS), long term evolution (LTE), LTE
frequency division duplexing (LTE FDD, LTE time division duplexing
(TDD), high speed packet access (HSPA), code division multiple
access (CDMA), wideband CDMA (WCMDA), CDMA2000, time division
multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA),
multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA),
single-carrier code division multiple access (SC-CDMA),
single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), orthogonal frequency division
multiplexing (OFDM), discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM
(DFT-spread OFDM) single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA), Filter bank based
multi-carrier (FBMC), zero tail DFT-spread-OFDM (ZT DFT-s-OFDM),
generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM), fixed mobile
convergence (FMC), universal fixed mobile convergence (UFMC),
unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), unique word DFT-spread OFDM (UW
DFT-Spread-OFDM), cyclic prefix OFDM CP-OFDM,
resource-block-filtered OFDM, Wi Fi, WLAN, WiMax, and the like.
However, various features and functionalities of system 100 are
particularly described wherein the devices (e.g., the UEs 102, 104
and the network node 106) of system 100 are configured to
communicate wireless signals using one or more multi carrier
modulation schemes, wherein data symbols can be transmitted
simultaneously over multiple frequency subcarriers (e.g., OFDM,
CP-OFDM, DFT-spread OFMD, UFMC, FMBC, etc.). The embodiments are
applicable to single carrier as well as to multicarrier (MC) or
carrier aggregation (CA) operation of the UE. The term carrier
aggregation (CA) is also called (e.g., interchangeably called)
"multi-carrier system", "multi-cell operation", "multi-carrier
operation", "multi-carrier" transmission and/or reception. Note
that some embodiments are also applicable for Multi RAB (radio
bearers) on some carriers (that is data plus speech is
simultaneously scheduled).
[0053] In various embodiments, system 100 can be configured to
provide and employ 5G wireless networking features and
functionalities. 5G wireless communication networks are expected to
fulfill the demand of exponentially increasing data traffic and to
allow people and machines to enjoy gigabit data rates with
virtually zero latency. Compared to 4G, 5G supports more diverse
traffic scenarios. For example, in addition to the various types of
data communication between conventional UEs (e.g., phones,
smartphones, tablets, PCs, televisions, Internet enabled
televisions, etc.) supported by 4G networks, 5G networks can be
employed to support data communication between smart cars in
association with driverless car environments, as well as machine
type communications (MTCs). Considering the drastic different
communication needs of these different traffic scenarios, the
ability to dynamically configure waveform parameters based on
traffic scenarios while retaining the benefits of multi carrier
modulation schemes (e.g., OFDM and related schemes) can provide a
significant contribution to the high speed/capacity and low latency
demands of 5G networks. With waveforms that split the bandwidth
into several sub-bands, different types of services can be
accommodated in different sub-bands with the most suitable waveform
and numerology, leading to an improved spectrum utilization for 5G
networks.
[0054] To meet the demand for data centric applications, features
of proposed 5G networks may comprise: increased peak bit rate
(e.g., 20 Gbps), larger data volume per unit area (e.g., high
system spectral efficiency--for example about 3.5 times that of
spectral efficiency of long term evolution (LTE) systems), high
capacity that allows more device connectivity both concurrently and
instantaneously, lower battery/power consumption (which reduces
energy and consumption costs), better connectivity regardless of
the geographic region in which a user is located, a larger numbers
of devices, lower infrastructural development costs, and higher
reliability of the communications. Thus, 5G networks may allow for:
data rates of several tens of megabits per second should be
supported for tens of thousands of users, 1 gigabit per second to
be offered simultaneously to tens of workers on the same office
floor, for example; several hundreds of thousands of simultaneous
connections to be supported for massive sensor deployments;
improved coverage, enhanced signaling efficiency; reduced latency
compared to LTE.
[0055] The upcoming 5G access network may utilize higher
frequencies (e.g., >6 GHz) to aid in increasing capacity.
Currently, much of the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum, the band
of spectrum between 30 gigahertz (Ghz) and 300 Ghz is
underutilized. The millimeter waves have shorter wavelengths that
range from 10 millimeters to 1 millimeter, and these mmWave signals
experience severe path loss, penetration loss, and fading. However,
the shorter wavelength at mmWave frequencies also allows more
antennas to be packed in the same physical dimension, which allows
for large-scale spatial multiplexing and highly directional
beamforming.
[0056] Performance can be improved if both the transmitter and the
receiver are equipped with multiple antennas. Multi-antenna
techniques can significantly increase the data rates and
reliability of a wireless communication system. The use of multiple
input multiple output (MIMO) techniques, which was introduced in
the third-generation partnership project (3GPP) and has been in use
(including with LTE), is a multi-antenna technique that can improve
the spectral efficiency of transmissions, thereby significantly
boosting the overall data carrying capacity of wireless systems.
The use of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques can
improve mmWave communications, and has been widely recognized a
potentially important component for access networks operating in
higher frequencies. MIMO can be used for achieving diversity gain,
spatial multiplexing gain and beamforming gain. For these reasons,
MIMO systems are an important part of the 3rd and 4th generation
wireless systems, and are planned for use in 5G systems.
[0057] Referring now to FIG. 2, illustrated is an example schematic
system block diagram of a UE in communication with a node device
via a system 200. The system 200 comprises a network node (e.g.,
network node 106), that can transmit a reference signal (RS) at
transaction (1), which can be beam formed or non-beam formed, to a
user equipment (e.g., UE 102). FIG. 2 illustrates a closed loop
transaction diagram (e.g., sequence chart). Briefly described, in
this technique, a reference signal is first sent from the network
node to the UE. From the reference signals, the UE can compute the
channel estimates and the parameters needed for channel state
information (CSI) reporting. In LTE, the CSI report can comprise a
channel quality indicator (CQI), preceding matrix index (PMI), rank
information (RI), etc. The CSI report is sent to the network node
via a feedback channel either on a periodic basis or on demand
based CSI (e.g., aperiodic CSI reporting). The network node
scheduler can use this information to choose the parameters for
scheduling of this particular UE. The network node can send the
scheduling parameters to the UE on the downlink control channel
called the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). After that,
actual data transfer can take place from the network node to the UE
on the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).
[0058] Downlink reference signals are predefined signals occupying
specific resource elements within the downlink time-frequency grid.
The reference signal can be cell specific or UE specific in
relation to a profile of the user equipment 102 or some type of
mobile identifier. There are several types of downlink reference
signals that are transmitted in different ways and used for
different purposes by the receiving terminal. Channel state
information reference signals (CSI-RS) are specifically intended to
be used by terminals to acquire channel state information (CSI) and
beam specific information (beam RSRP). In 5G, CSI-RS is UE specific
so it can have a significantly lower time/frequency density.
Demodulation reference signals (DM-RS), sometimes referred to as
UE-specific reference signals, are specifically intended to be used
by terminals for channel estimation for the data channel. The label
"UE-specific" relates to the fact that each demodulation reference
signal is intended for channel estimation by a single terminal.
That specific reference signal is then only transmitted within the
resource blocks assigned for data traffic channel transmission to
that terminal.
[0059] After receiving this reference signal, at block 202, the UE
102 can evaluate the reference signal and compute CSI, which can be
transmitted to the network node as CSI feedback (e.g., a CSI
report). The CSI feedback can comprise an indicator of channel
state information (e.g., known in LTE as a precoding matrix
indicator (PMI)), indicator of channel quality (e.g., known in LTE
as a channel quality indicator (CQI)), and an indication of rank
(e.g., known in LTE as rank indicator (RI)), each of which is
discussed further below.
[0060] The indicator of channel state information (e.g., PMI in
LTE) can be used for selection of transmission parameters for the
different data streams transmitted between the network node and the
UE. In techniques using codebook-based precoding, the network node
and UE use different codebooks, which can be found in standards
specifications, each of which relate to different types of MIMO
matrices (for example, a codebook of precoding matrices for
2.times.2 MIMO). The codebook is known (contained) at the node and
at the UE site, and can contain entries of precoding vectors and
matrices, which are multiplied with the signal in the pre-coding
stage of the network node. The decision as to which of these
codebook entries to select is made at the network node based on CSI
feedback provided by the UE, because the CSI is known at the
receiver, but not at the transmitter. Based on the evaluation of
the reference signal, the UE can transmit feedback that comprises
recommendations for a suitable precoding matrix out of the
appropriate codebook (e.g., points to the index of the precoder in
one of the codebook entries). This UE feedback identifying the
precoding matrix is called the pre-coding matrix indicator (PMI).
The UE is thus evaluating which pre-coding matrix would be more
suitable for the transmissions between the network node and UE.
[0061] Additionally, the CSI feedback can comprise an indicator of
channel quality (e.g., in LTE the channel quality indicator (CQI)),
which indicates the channel quality of the channel between the
network node and the user equipment for link adaptation on the
network side. Depending on which value that a UE reports, the node
can transmit data with different transport block sizes. If the node
receives a high CQI value from the UE, then it can transmit data
with larger transport block size, and vice versa.
[0062] Also included in the CSI feedback can be the indicator of
rank (rank indicator (RI) in LTE terminology), which provides an
indication of the rank of the channel matrix, wherein the rank is
the number of different transmission data streams (layers)
transmitted in parallel, or concurrently (in other words, the
number of spatial layers), between the network node and the UE, as
discussed above. The RI determines the format of the rest of the
CSI reporting messages. As an example, in the case of LTE, when RI
is reported to be 1, the rank-1 codebook PMI will be transmitted
with one CQI, and when RI is 2, a rank 2 codebook PMI and two CQIs
will be transmitted. Since the RI determines the size of the PMI
and CQI, it is separately encoded so the receiver can first decode
the RI, and then use the decoded RI to decode the rest of the CSI
(which as mentioned, comprises the PMI and CQI, among other
information). Typically, the rank indication feedback to the
network node can be used to select of the transmission layer in
downlink data transmission. For example, even though a system is
configured in transmission mode 3 in the LTE specifications (or
open loop spatial multiplexing) for a particular UE, and if the
same UE reports the indicator of rank value as "1" to the network
node, the network node may start sending the data in transmit
diversity mode to the UE. If the UE reports a RI of "2," the
network node might start sending the downlink data in MIMO mode
(e.g., transmission mode 3 or transmission mode 4 as described in
the LTE specifications). Typically, when a UE experiences bad
signal to noise ratio (SNR) and it would be difficult to decode
transmitted downlink data, it provides early warning to the network
node in the form of feedback by stating the RI value as "1." When a
UE experiences good SNR, then it passes this information to the
network node indicating the rank value as "2."
[0063] After computing the CSI feedback, the UE 102 can transmit
the CSI feedback at transaction (2), via a feedback channel, which
can be a channel separate from the channel from which the reference
signal was sent. The network node 106 can process the CSI feedback
to determine transmission scheduling parameters (e.g., downlink
(DL) transmission scheduling parameters), which comprise a
modulation and coding parameter applicable to modulation and coding
of signals by the network node device particular to the UE 102.
[0064] This processing of the CSI feedback by the network node 106,
as shown in block 204 of FIG. 2, can comprise decoding the CSI
feedback. The UE can decode the RI and then use the decoded
information (for example, the obtained size of the CSI) to decode
the remainder of the CSI feedback (e.g., the CQI, PMI, etc.). The
network node 106 can use the decoded CSI feedback to determine a
suitable transmission protocol, which can comprise modulation and
coding schemes (MCS) applicable to modulation and coding of the
different transmissions between the network node 106 and the UE
102, power, physical resource blocks (PRBs), etc.
[0065] The network node 106 can transmit the parameters at
transaction (3) to the UE 102 via a downlink control channel.
Thereafter and/or simultaneously, at transaction (4), traffic data
(e.g., non-control data such as data related to texts, emails,
pictures, audio files videos, etc.) can be transferred, via a data
traffic channel, from the network node 106 to the UE 102.
[0066] Referring now to FIG. 3, illustrated is an example schematic
system block diagram of a multiple code word MIMO transmitter. FIG.
3 depicts the transmission side of a MIMO communication system 300
with N.sub.t transmit antennas. There are Nc transport blocks 302,
where Nc<=Nt (e.g., the maximum number of transport blocks can
be less than the maximum number of transport antennas). CRC bits
can be added to each transport block 302 and passed to the channel
encoder 304.sub.1, 304.sub.2. The channel encoder can add parity
bits to protect the data. Then, the stream can be passed through an
interleaver & modulator 306.sub.1, 306.sub.2. The interleaver
can re-arrange the bit positions and the modulator can maps the
bits to symbols in a constellation. The interleaver size can be
adaptively controlled by an adaptive controller 314 by puncturing
(e.g., removing bits in the coded stream, also called rate
matching) to increase the data rate. The adaptation can be done by
using the information from the feedback channel (e.g., channel
state information sent by the receiver). The interleaved data can
be passed through a symbol mapper (e.g., modulator) at the
interleaver & modulator 306.sub.1, 306.sub.2 block. The symbol
mapper can also be controlled by the adaptive controller 314.
Afterwards the modulator streams can be passed through a layer
mapper (e.g., the block where the coded bits are mapped to the
number antennas) 308 and a precoder 310. The precoder 310 can
generalize any beamforming to support multi-stream transmission the
MIMO network. The resultant streams can then be passed through an
inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) 312.sub.1, 312.sub.2 block.
It should be understood that the IFFT 312.sub.1, 312.sub.2 block
can facilitate some communication systems, which implements OFDMA
as the access technology (e.g., 5G, LTE/LTE-A), and in other
systems it can be different and can be dependent on the multiple
access system. The encoded stream can then be transmitted through a
respective antenna.
[0067] Referring now to FIG. 4, illustrated is an example schematic
system block diagram of a multiple codeword MIMO receiver without
codeword interference cancellation. FIG. 4 depicts the receiver for
the multiple codeword MIMO system 400 without interference
cancellation. After a fast Fourier transform (FFT) operation
402.sub.1, 402.sub.2, a MIMO detector 404 can be used for reducing
multi-antenna interference. A de-mapper 406.sub.1, 406.sub.2 can
compute the bit log likelihood ratios from the MIMO detector 404
output, which can be in the symbol domain. A channel estimator 416
can estimate channels and then the MIMO detector 404 can use the
estimated channels to generate a weight of a minimum mean square
error estimation (MMSE) detector. The bit stream can then be
de-interleaved by a de-interleaver 408.sub.1, 408.sub.2 block and
passed to a channel decoder 410.sub.1, 410.sub.2. A CRC check can
be performed on an output of the channel decoder 410.sub.1,
410.sub.2 at a CRC 412.sub.1, 412.sub.2 block. If the CRC is
passed, a transport block can be considered to be passed, and an
ACK can be sent back to a transmitter via a feedback channel. If
the CRC fails, then a negative acknowledgment (NAK) can be sent
back to the transmitter using the feedback channel.
[0068] Referring now to FIG. 5 illustrates an example schematic
system block diagram of a multiple codeword MIMO receiver
comprising codeword interference cancellation. FIG. 5 depicts the
MIMO receiver with codeword interference cancellation 500, also
called serial interference cancellation (SIC), where all of the
receiver codewords can be decoded simultaneously. Once the CRC
check is performed on the codewords, the codewords whose CRC is a
pass can be reconstructed and subtracted from the received signal
via an interference cancellation block 502 and only those codewords
whose CRC is a fail can be decoded. This process can be repeated
until all of the codewords are passed, or all of the codewords are
failed, or a certain predetermined number of iterations are
reached.
[0069] Referring now to FIG. 6, illustrated is an example graph of
a RI distribution over 0.5 milliseconds and a PMI distribution over
0.5 milliseconds for a 5G network according to one or more
embodiments. In general, the RI computed 600 over the whole
bandwidth does not change. Similarly, the PMI computed 602 over the
whole bandwidth does not change as shown FIG. 6. Consequently, if
the UE 102 can compute the CSI using DMRS based channel estimation
for the scheduled rank and scheduled PMI, the CQI computed can be
similar to that of a CSI-RS based channel estimation. The UE 102
can use channel estimation from DM-RS or PDSCH based channel
estimation for computing the CQI. Additionally, the UE 102 can
estimate the CSI during the PDSCH decoding time, and the UE 102 can
decode the PDSCH and compute the CQI in the same slot for various
CSI parameters, wideband CQI, sub band CQI, and/or layer
indicator.
[0070] Referring now to FIG. 7, illustrated is an example schematic
system block diagram of a message sequence chart between a network
node and user equipment using DMRS according to one or more
embodiments. Repetitive description of like elements is omitted for
the sake of brevity. The following method can be used to estimate
the SINR using an advanced receiver. The network node 106 can
estimate the channel using DMRS 702 for PDSCH demodulation using
the advanced receiver, and send this data to the UE 102 via the
feedback channel at transaction (5). The network node 106 can
compute the soft bits at the output of the advanced receiver using
a maximum likelihood (MML)/maximum a posteriori probability (MAP)
metric. From the soft bits, the network node 106 can compute the
statistics of soft symbols. For example, the mean and the variance
of the soft symbol can be computed as Equation 1 below:
s _ = s i .di-elect cons. S s j P .function. ( s = s i ) .times.
.sigma. s 2 = ( s i .di-elect cons. S "\[LeftBracketingBar]" s i
"\[RightBracketingBar]" 2 P .function. ( s = s i ) ) -
"\[LeftBracketingBar]" s _ "\[RightBracketingBar]" 2 Equation
.times. 1 ##EQU00002##
where b.sub.i,j2b.sub.i,j-1.di-elect cons.{-1,1} and .xi..sub.i tan
h(.LAMBDA.(b.sub.i)/2), and the probability of each symbol in the
constellation is computed as Equation 2 below:
P .function. ( s = s i ) = j = 1 Q P .function. ( b j = b i , j ) =
j = 1 Q e b i , j .times. .LAMBDA. .function. ( b j ) 1 + e b i , j
.times. .LAMBDA. .function. ( b j ) = j = 1 Q 1 + b i , j .times.
.xi. j 2 Equation .times. 2 ##EQU00003##
[0071] Once it obtains the symbol probability, the receiver can
obtain the noise co-variance as Equation 3 below:
.sigma. 2 = i - 1 M "\[LeftBracketingBar]" R - H .times. S i
"\[RightBracketingBar]" 2 .times. P Equation .times. 3
##EQU00004##
[0072] Where R is the received vector per each sub carrier, H is
the channel matrix estimated, Si is the symbol for the PDSCH
constellation, and P is the probability of the complex symbol
computed in Equation 3.
[0073] Once the advanced receiver computes the noise covariance, it
can compute the SINR as signal power/noise co-variance. In general,
signal power can be assumed to be unity for constellation for a
quadrature phase-shifting key (QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude
modulation (QAM), 64 QAM, and 256 QAM.
[0074] From the SINR, the receiver can map the CQI, which
corresponds to a 10% block error rate (BLER) threshold and reports
this information to the network (in the case of DL transmission).
From the SINR, the network node 106 can map the corresponding
modulation and coding scheme (MCS), which corresponds to the 10%
threshold, and the network node 106 can schedule the UE 102 with
the corresponding MCS (in the case of UL transmission).
[0075] Referring now to FIG. 8, illustrated is an example flow
diagram for a user equipment device operations for improved MIMO
system performance for a 5G network according to one or more
embodiments. At element 800, a user equipment device 102 can
receive, by a receiver of the user equipment device that uses
list-based detection, a demodulation reference signal to facilitate
channel estimation for a data channel of a communication link with
a network node device 106. At element 802, the user equipment
device 102 can estimate a signal to interference plus noise ratio
of the communication link. Additionally, at element 804, the user
equipment device 102 can match a channel quality indicator value to
the signal to interference plus noise ratio. At element 806, the
user equipment device 102 can transmit the channel quality
indicator value to the network node device 106.
[0076] Referring now to FIG. 9, illustrates an example flow diagram
for a network device operations for improved MIMO system
performance for a 5G network according to one or more embodiments.
At element 900, a network node device 106 can facilitate
determining a signal to interference plus noise ratio of a
communication link with a user equipment device 102. Additionally,
the network node device 106 can determine a modulation and coding
scheme that corresponds to a block error rate threshold based on
the signal to interference plus noise ratio at element 902.
Furthermore, at element 904, the network node device 106 can
transmit a scheduling parameter that corresponds to the modulation
and coding scheme to the user equipment device 102 via a downlink
control channel.
[0077] Referring now to FIG. 10, illustrated is an example flow
diagram for a system for improved MIMO system performance for a 5G
network according to one or more embodiments. At element 1000, a
system can facilitate operation comprising receiving from network
node device 106, a demodulation reference signal to facilitate a
channel estimation associated with a communication link. Based on
the receiving the demodulation reference signal, the system can
facilitate generating, by a mobile device 102, channel state data
associated with the communication link at element 1002.
Furthermore, based on the channel state data, the system can
facilitate generating, by the mobile device 102, a channel quality
indicator value associated with the communication link at element
1004.
[0078] Referring now to FIG. 11, illustrated is a schematic block
diagram of an exemplary end-user device such as a mobile device
1100 capable of connecting to a network in accordance with some
embodiments described herein. Although a mobile handset 1100 is
illustrated herein, it will be understood that other devices can be
a mobile device, and that the mobile handset 1100 is merely
illustrated to provide context for the embodiments of the various
embodiments described herein. The following discussion is intended
to provide a brief, general description of an example of a suitable
environment 1100 in which the various embodiments can be
implemented. While the description includes a general context of
computer-executable instructions embodied on a machine-readable
storage medium, those skilled in the art will recognize that the
innovation also can be implemented in combination with other
program modules and/or as a combination of hardware and
software.
[0079] Generally, applications (e.g., program modules) can include
routines, programs, components, data structures, etc., that perform
particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types.
Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the methods
described herein can be practiced with other system configurations,
including single-processor or multiprocessor systems,
minicomputers, mainframe computers, as well as personal computers,
hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based or programmable
consumer electronics, and the like, each of which can be
operatively coupled to one or more associated devices.
[0080] A computing device can typically include a variety of
machine-readable media. Machine-readable media can be any available
media that can be accessed by the computer and includes both
volatile and non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media.
By way of example and not limitation, computer-readable media can
comprise computer storage media and communication media. Computer
storage media can include volatile and/or non-volatile media,
removable and/or non-removable media implemented in any method or
technology for storage of information, such as computer-readable
instructions, data structures, program modules or other data.
Computer storage media can include, but is not limited to, RAM,
ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD ROM,
digital video disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic
cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic
storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the
desired information and which can be accessed by the computer.
[0081] Communication media typically embodies computer-readable
instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a
modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport
mechanism, and includes any information delivery media. The term
"modulated data signal" means a signal that has one or more of its
characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode
information in the signal. By way of example, and not limitation,
communication media includes wired media such as a wired network or
direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF,
infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of the any of the
above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable
media.
[0082] The handset 1100 includes a processor 1102 for controlling
and processing all onboard operations and functions. A memory 1104
interfaces to the processor 1102 for storage of data and one or
more applications 1106 (e.g., a video player software, user
feedback component software, etc.). Other applications can include
voice recognition of predetermined voice commands that facilitate
initiation of the user feedback signals. The applications 1106 can
be stored in the memory 1104 and/or in a firmware 1108, and
executed by the processor 1102 from either or both the memory 1104
or/and the firmware 1108. The firmware 1108 can also store startup
code for execution in initializing the handset 1100. A
communications component 1110 interfaces to the processor 1102 to
facilitate wired/wireless communication with external systems,
e.g., cellular networks, VoIP networks, and so on. Here, the
communications component 1110 can also include a suitable cellular
transceiver 1111 (e.g., a GSM transceiver) and/or an unlicensed
transceiver 1113 (e.g., Wi-Fi, WiMax) for corresponding signal
communications. The handset 1100 can be a device such as a cellular
telephone, a PDA with mobile communications capabilities, and
messaging-centric devices. The communications component 1110 also
facilitates communications reception from terrestrial radio
networks (e.g., broadcast), digital satellite radio networks, and
Internet-based radio services networks.
[0083] The handset 1100 includes a display 1112 for displaying
text, images, video, telephony functions (e.g., a Caller ID
function), setup functions, and for user input. For example, the
display 1112 can also be referred to as a "screen" that can
accommodate the presentation of multimedia content (e.g., music
metadata, messages, wallpaper, graphics, etc.). The display 1112
can also display videos and can facilitate the generation, editing
and sharing of video quotes. A serial I/O interface 1114 is
provided in communication with the processor 1102 to facilitate
wired and/or wireless serial communications (e.g., USB, and/or IEEE
1394) through a hardwire connection, and other serial input devices
(e.g., a keyboard, keypad, and mouse). This supports updating and
troubleshooting the handset 1100, for example. Audio capabilities
are provided with an audio I/O component 1116, which can include a
speaker for the output of audio signals related to, for example,
indication that the user pressed the proper key or key combination
to initiate the user feedback signal. The audio I/O component 1116
also facilitates the input of audio signals through a microphone to
record data and/or telephony voice data, and for inputting voice
signals for telephone conversations.
[0084] The handset 1100 can include a slot interface 1118 for
accommodating a SIC (Subscriber Identity Component) in the form
factor of a card Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) or universal SIM
1120, and interfacing the SIM card 1120 with the processor 1102.
However, it is to be appreciated that the SIM card 1120 can be
manufactured into the handset 1100, and updated by downloading data
and software.
[0085] The handset 1100 can process IP data traffic through the
communication component 1110 to accommodate IP traffic from an IP
network such as, for example, the Internet, a corporate intranet, a
home network, a person area network, etc., through an ISP or
broadband cable provider. Thus, VoIP traffic can be utilized by the
handset 1100 and IP-based multimedia content can be received in
either an encoded or decoded format.
[0086] A video processing component 1122 (e.g., a camera) can be
provided for decoding encoded multimedia content. The video
processing component 1122 can aid in facilitating the generation,
editing and sharing of video quotes. The handset 1100 also includes
a power source 1124 in the form of batteries and/or an AC power
subsystem, which power source 1124 can interface to an external
power system or charging equipment (not shown) by a power I/O
component 1126.
[0087] The handset 1100 can also include a video component 1130 for
processing video content received and, for recording and
transmitting video content. For example, the video component 1130
can facilitate the generation, editing and sharing of video quotes.
A location tracking component 1132 facilitates geographically
locating the handset 1100. As described hereinabove, this can occur
when the user initiates the feedback signal automatically or
manually. A user input component 1134 facilitates the user
initiating the quality feedback signal. The user input component
1134 can also facilitate the generation, editing and sharing of
video quotes. The user input component 1134 can include such
conventional input device technologies such as a keypad, keyboard,
mouse, stylus pen, and/or touch screen, for example.
[0088] Referring again to the applications 1106, a hysteresis
component 1136 facilitates the analysis and processing of
hysteresis data, which is utilized to determine when to associate
with the access point. A software trigger component 1138 can be
provided that facilitates triggering of the hysteresis component
1138 when the Wi-Fi transceiver 1113 detects the beacon of the
access point. A SIP client 1140 enables the handset 1100 to support
SIP protocols and register the subscriber with the SIP registrar
server. The applications 1106 can also include a client 1142 that
provides at least the capability of discovery, play and store of
multimedia content, for example, music.
[0089] The handset 1100, as indicated above related to the
communications component 810, includes an indoor network radio
transceiver 1113 (e.g., Wi-Fi transceiver). This function supports
the indoor radio link, such as IEEE 802.11, for the dual-mode GSM
handset 1100. The handset 1100 can accommodate at least satellite
radio services through a handset that can combine wireless voice
and digital radio chipsets into a single handheld device.
[0090] Referring now to FIG. 12, there is illustrated a block
diagram of a computer 1200 operable to execute a system
architecture that facilitates establishing a transaction between an
entity and a third party. The computer 1200 can provide networking
and communication capabilities between a wired or wireless
communication network and a server (e.g., Microsoft server) and/or
communication device. In order to provide additional context for
various aspects thereof, FIG. 12 and the following discussion are
intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable
computing environment in which the various aspects of the
innovation can be implemented to facilitate the establishment of a
transaction between an entity and a third party. While the
description above is in the general context of computer-executable
instructions that can run on one or more computers, those skilled
in the art will recognize that the innovation also can be
implemented in combination with other program modules and/or as a
combination of hardware and software.
[0091] Generally, program modules include routines, programs,
components, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or
implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, those skilled
in the art will appreciate that the various methods can be
practiced with other computer system configurations, including
single-processor or multiprocessor computer systems, minicomputers,
mainframe computers, as well as personal computers, hand-held
computing devices, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer
electronics, and the like, each of which can be operatively coupled
to one or more associated devices.
[0092] The illustrated aspects of the innovation can also be
practiced in distributed computing environments where certain tasks
are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through
a communications network. In a distributed computing environment,
program modules can be located in both local and remote memory
storage devices.
[0093] Computing devices typically include a variety of media,
which can include computer-readable storage media or communications
media, which two terms are used herein differently from one another
as follows.
[0094] Computer-readable storage media can be any available storage
media that can be accessed by the computer and includes both
volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media.
By way of example, and not limitation, computer-readable storage
media can be implemented in connection with any method or
technology for storage of information such as computer-readable
instructions, program modules, structured data, or unstructured
data. Computer-readable storage media can include, but are not
limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory
technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical
disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk
storage or other magnetic storage devices, or other tangible and/or
non-transitory media which can be used to store desired
information. Computer-readable storage media can be accessed by one
or more local or remote computing devices, e.g., via access
requests, queries or other data retrieval protocols, for a variety
of operations with respect to the information stored by the
medium.
[0095] Communications media can embody computer-readable
instructions, data structures, program modules or other structured
or unstructured data in a data signal such as a modulated data
signal, e.g., a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and
includes any information delivery or transport media. The term
"modulated data signal" or signals refers to a signal that has one
or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as
to encode information in one or more signals. By way of example,
and not limitation, communication media include wired media, such
as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media
such as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.
[0096] With reference to FIG. 12, implementing various aspects
described herein with regards to the end-user device can include a
computer 1200, the computer 1200 including a processing unit 1204,
a system memory 1206 and a system bus 1208. The system bus 1208
couples system components including, but not limited to, the system
memory 1206 to the processing unit 1204. The processing unit 1204
can be any of various commercially available processors. Dual
microprocessors and other multi processor architectures can also be
employed as the processing unit 1204.
[0097] The system bus 1208 can be any of several types of bus
structure that can further interconnect to a memory bus (with or
without a memory controller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus
using any of a variety of commercially available bus architectures.
The system memory 1206 includes read-only memory (ROM) 1227 and
random access memory (RAM) 1212. A basic input/output system (BIOS)
is stored in a non-volatile memory 1227 such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM,
which BIOS contains the basic routines that help to transfer
information between elements within the computer 1200, such as
during start-up. The RAM 1212 can also include a high-speed RAM
such as static RAM for caching data.
[0098] The computer 1200 further includes an internal hard disk
drive (HDD) 1214 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), which internal hard disk drive
1214 can also be configured for external use in a suitable chassis
(not shown), a magnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 1216, (e.g., to
read from or write to a removable diskette 1218) and an optical
disk drive 1220, (e.g., reading a CD-ROM disk 1222 or, to read from
or write to other high capacity optical media such as the DVD). The
hard disk drive 1214, magnetic disk drive 1216 and optical disk
drive 1220 can be connected to the system bus 1208 by a hard disk
drive interface 1224, a magnetic disk drive interface 1226 and an
optical drive interface 1228, respectively. The interface 1224 for
external drive implementations includes at least one or both of
Universal Serial Bus (USB) and IEEE 1294 interface technologies.
Other external drive connection technologies are within
contemplation of the subject innovation.
[0099] The drives and their associated computer-readable media
provide nonvolatile storage of data, data structures,
computer-executable instructions, and so forth. For the computer
1200 the drives and media accommodate the storage of any data in a
suitable digital format. Although the description of
computer-readable media above refers to a HDD, a removable magnetic
diskette, and a removable optical media such as a CD or DVD, it
should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other types
of media which are readable by a computer 1200, such as zip drives,
magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, cartridges, and the like,
can also be used in the exemplary operating environment, and
further, that any such media can contain computer-executable
instructions for performing the methods of the disclosed
innovation.
[0100] A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and
RAM 1212, including an operating system 1230, one or more
application programs 1232, other program modules 1234 and program
data 1236. All or portions of the operating system, applications,
modules, and/or data can also be cached in the RAM 1212. It is to
be appreciated that the innovation can be implemented with various
commercially available operating systems or combinations of
operating systems.
[0101] A user can enter commands and information into the computer
1200 through one or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., a
keyboard 1238 and a pointing device, such as a mouse 1240. Other
input devices (not shown) may include a microphone, an IR remote
control, a joystick, a game pad, a stylus pen, touch screen, or the
like. These and other input devices are often connected to the
processing unit 1204 through an input device interface 1242 that is
coupled to the system bus 1208, but can be connected by other
interfaces, such as a parallel port, an IEEE 2394 serial port, a
game port, a USB port, an IR interface, etc.
[0102] A monitor 1244 or other type of display device is also
connected to the system bus 1208 through an interface, such as a
video adapter 1246. In addition to the monitor 1244, a computer
1200 typically includes other peripheral output devices (not
shown), such as speakers, printers, etc.
[0103] The computer 1200 can operate in a networked environment
using logical connections by wired and/or wireless communications
to one or more remote computers, such as a remote computer(s) 1248.
The remote computer(s) 1248 can be a workstation, a server
computer, a router, a personal computer, portable computer,
microprocessor-based entertainment device, a peer device or other
common network node, and typically includes many or all of the
elements described relative to the computer, although, for purposes
of brevity, only a memory/storage device 1250 is illustrated. The
logical connections depicted include wired/wireless connectivity to
a local area network (LAN) 1252 and/or larger networks, e.g., a
wide area network (WAN) 1254. Such LAN and WAN networking
environments are commonplace in offices and companies, and
facilitate enterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets,
all of which may connect to a global communications network, e.g.,
the Internet.
[0104] When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 1200
is connected to the local network 1252 through a wired and/or
wireless communication network interface or adapter 1256. The
adapter 1256 may facilitate wired or wireless communication to the
LAN 1252, which may also include a wireless access point disposed
thereon for communicating with the wireless adapter 1256.
[0105] When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 1200
can include a modem 1258, or is connected to a communications
server on the WAN 1254, or has other means for establishing
communications over the WAN 1254, such as by way of the Internet.
The modem 1258, which can be internal or external and a wired or
wireless device, is connected to the system bus 1208 through the
input device interface 1242. In a networked environment, program
modules depicted relative to the computer, or portions thereof, can
be stored in the remote memory/storage device 1250. It will be
appreciated that the network connections shown are exemplary and
other means of establishing a communications link between the
computers can be used.
[0106] The computer is operable to communicate with any wireless
devices or entities operatively disposed in wireless communication,
e.g., a printer, scanner, desktop and/or portable computer,
portable data assistant, communications satellite, any piece of
equipment or location associated with a wirelessly detectable tag
(e.g., a kiosk, news stand, restroom), and telephone. This includes
at least Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.TM. wireless technologies. Thus, the
communication can be a predefined structure as with a conventional
network or simply an ad hoc communication between at least two
devices.
[0107] Wi-Fi, or Wireless Fidelity, allows connection to the
Internet from a couch at home, a bed in a hotel room, or a
conference room at work, without wires. Wi-Fi is a wireless
technology similar to that used in a cell phone that enables such
devices, e.g., computers, to send and receive data indoors and out;
anywhere within the range of a base station. Wi-Fi networks use
radio technologies called IEEE 802.11 (a, b, g, etc.) to provide
secure, reliable, fast wireless connectivity. A Wi-Fi network can
be used to connect computers to each other, to the Internet, and to
wired networks (which use IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet). Wi-Fi networks
operate in the unlicensed 2.4 and 5 GHz radio bands, at an 11 Mbps
(802.11a) or 54 Mbps (802.11b) data rate, for example, or with
products that contain both bands (dual band), so the networks can
provide real-world performance similar to the basic 10BaseT wired
Ethernet networks used in many offices.
[0108] The above description of illustrated embodiments of the
subject disclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is
not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments
to the precise forms disclosed. While specific embodiments and
examples are described herein for illustrative purposes, various
modifications are possible that are considered within the scope of
such embodiments and examples, as those skilled in the relevant art
can recognize.
[0109] In this regard, while the subject matter has been described
herein in connection with various embodiments and corresponding
FIGs, where applicable, it is to be understood that other similar
embodiments can be used or modifications and additions can be made
to the described embodiments for performing the same, similar,
alternative, or substitute function of the disclosed subject matter
without deviating therefrom. Therefore, the disclosed subject
matter should not be limited to any single embodiment described
herein, but rather should be construed in breadth and scope in
accordance with the appended claims below.
* * * * *