U.S. patent application number 17/739002 was filed with the patent office on 2022-08-18 for ventilation mask.
The applicant listed for this patent is Revolutionary Medical Devices, Inc.. Invention is credited to Steven H. Cataldo, David M. Kane, Michael J. Pedro, Ryan Redford, Thomas Reilly.
Application Number | 20220257893 17/739002 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000006315694 |
Filed Date | 2022-08-18 |
United States Patent
Application |
20220257893 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Pedro; Michael J. ; et
al. |
August 18, 2022 |
VENTILATION MASK
Abstract
Disclosed is a nasal ventilation mask having separate ports to
monitor end-tidal CO.sub.2 expulsion integrated into the mask in
order to monitor end-tidal CO.sub.2 expelled nasally or orally.
Also disclosed is a CPR mask for nose-to-mouth and/or
mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, having a body shaped to cover the
nose and/or mouth of a victim, the mask including a CO.sub.2
absorber for eliminating at least in part rescuer's exhaled
CO.sub.2 delivered to the victim.
Inventors: |
Pedro; Michael J.;
(Brooklyn, NY) ; Cataldo; Steven H.; (New York,
NY) ; Kane; David M.; (Tucson, AZ) ; Reilly;
Thomas; (Tucson, AZ) ; Redford; Ryan; (Tucson,
AZ) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Revolutionary Medical Devices, Inc. |
Tucson |
AZ |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000006315694 |
Appl. No.: |
17/739002 |
Filed: |
May 6, 2022 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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16375737 |
Apr 4, 2019 |
11324909 |
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17739002 |
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15272160 |
Sep 21, 2016 |
10252016 |
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16375737 |
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15127758 |
Sep 20, 2016 |
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PCT/US15/44341 |
Aug 7, 2015 |
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15272160 |
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62039759 |
Aug 20, 2014 |
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62078677 |
Nov 12, 2014 |
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62161041 |
May 13, 2015 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B 5/097 20130101;
A61M 2230/432 20130101; A61M 16/01 20130101; A61M 16/0605 20140204;
A61M 2202/0241 20130101; A61M 2205/0238 20130101; A61M 16/0683
20130101; A61M 16/085 20140204; A61B 5/082 20130101; A61M 16/0694
20140204; A61M 16/208 20130101; A61M 2210/0618 20130101; A61M
16/009 20130101; A61M 16/0093 20140204; A61M 16/201 20140204; A61M
2202/0208 20130101; A61M 16/22 20130101; A61M 16/0078 20130101;
A61M 16/0048 20130101; A61M 16/0003 20140204; A61M 16/1055
20130101; A61M 16/06 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61M 16/06 20060101
A61M016/06; A61M 16/01 20060101 A61M016/01; A61M 16/10 20060101
A61M016/10; A61M 16/20 20060101 A61M016/20; A61M 16/22 20060101
A61M016/22; A61M 16/08 20060101 A61M016/08; A61B 5/08 20060101
A61B005/08; A61B 5/097 20060101 A61B005/097; A61M 16/00 20060101
A61M016/00 |
Claims
1. A nasal ventilation mask comprising: a body having an interior
forming a nasal cavity, a gas channel, and an exterior opening,
wherein the nasal cavity is configured to cover a nose of a patient
while leaving a mouth of the patient uncovered and the gas channel
is separated from the nasal cavity; an O.sub.2 port fluidly coupled
to the nasal cavity and configured for introducing oxygen into the
nasal cavity; a ventilation port fluidly coupled to the nasal
cavity and configured for directing a gas toward or away from the
nasal cavity; and an end-tidal CO.sub.2 port fluidly coupled to the
exterior opening through the gas channel of the body, wherein the
exterior opening is adapted to scavenge a gas expelled orally by a
wearer, and the gas channel is configured to direct the gas
expelled orally from the exterior opening to the end-tidal CO.sub.2
port.
2. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 1, comprising a gas hood
located under a nose region of the mask and extending from an outer
surface of the mask around the exterior opening to enhance the
collection of anesthetic gases around the mouth of the patient.
3. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 1, wherein the end-tidal
CO.sub.2 port is configured to couple with a monitoring line, and
the ventilation port is configured to couple with a ventilation
line that is different than the monitoring line.
4. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 1, wherein the gas channel
is configured to isolate the gas expelled orally from the nasal
cavity.
5. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 1, wherein the gas channel
is configured to direct a gas expelled nasally toward the end-tidal
CO.sub.2 port.
6. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 1, wherein the mask
comprises a gas monitoring attachment.
7. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 1, further comprising a
removable cap configured to be coupled to and obstruct the O.sub.2
port.
8. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 1, further comprising tabs
or eyelets for attaching the mask anteriorly with a mask anchor, or
posteriorly with a traditional anesthesia mask strap.
9. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 1, wherein the gas channel
extends inside of the nasal cavity.
10. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 1, wherein a periphery of
the body comprises a resiliently deformable material.
11. A nasal ventilation mask comprising: a body having an interior
forming a nasal cavity, a gas channel, and an exterior opening,
wherein the nasal cavity is configured to cover a nose of a patient
while leaving a mouth of the patient uncovered and the gas channel
is separated from the nasal cavity; a first port fluidly coupled to
the nasal cavity and configured for introducing oxygen into the
nasal cavity; a second port fluidly coupled to the nasal cavity and
configured for directing a gas toward or away from the nasal
cavity; and a third port fluidly coupled to exterior opening
through the gas channel of the body, and configured for coupling
with a monitoring line; wherein the exterior opening is adapted to
scavenge a gas expelled orally by a wearer, and the gas channel is
configured to direct the gas from the exterior opening to the third
port.
12. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 11, comprising a gas hood
located under a nose region of the mask and extending from an outer
surface of the mask around the exterior opening to enhance the
collection of anesthetic gases around the mouth of the patient.
13. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 11, wherein the second port
is configured to couple with a ventilation line that is different
than the monitoring line.
14. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 11, wherein the gas channel
is configured to isolate the gas expelled orally from the nasal
cavity.
15. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 11, wherein the gas channel
is configured to direct a gas expelled nasally toward the third
port.
16. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 11, wherein the mask
comprises a gas monitoring attachment.
17. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 11, further comprising a
removable cap configured to be coupled to and obstruct the first
port.
18. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 11, further comprising tabs
or eyelets for attaching the mask anteriorly with a mask anchor, or
posteriorly with a traditional anesthesia mask strap.
19. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 11, wherein the gas channel
extends inside of the nasal cavity.
20. The nasal ventilation mask of claim 11, wherein a periphery of
the body comprises a resiliently deformable material.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. patent
application Ser. No. 16/375,737, filed Apr. 4, 2019, which is a
continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/272,160, filed
Sep. 21, 2016, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,252,016, which is a
continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/127,758, filed
Sep. 20, 2016, which in turn claims priority from PCT Patent
Application Ser. No. PCT/US2015/044341, filed Aug. 7, 2015, which
claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No.
62/039,759, filed Aug. 20, 2014, and from U.S. Provisional
Application Ser. No. 62/078,677, filed Nov. 12, 2014, and from U.S.
Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/161,041, filed May 13, 2015,
the disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein by reference
in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to improvements in anesthesia
masks and ventilation masks.
[0003] During surgery a patient usually is placed under anesthesia.
The most common delivery system consists of canisters containing
anesthesia gases and oxygen, a system of regulating the gas flow
and the patient's breathing, and a device ensuring the potency of
the patient's airway for breathing, oxygenation and the delivery of
the anesthetic gas mixture. A ventilation mask is used to provide
oxygen to the patient either during emergency and/or elective
airway management, which includes but is not limited to; before a
patient is anesthetized for surgery, while the patient is
anesthetized, if the patient is sedated during the surgery or
procedure, while the patient is recovering from anesthesia, after
the patient has recovered from anesthesia, or during any event
where a patient requires supplemental oxygen. However, one of the
drawbacks of mask ventilation is that it requires constant contact
between the provider's hands and the patient's face to hold the
mask in place and keep the patient in the sniffing position in
order to ensure that oxygen and anesthetic gases do not leak out
into the air and that the patient's airway remains patent. If the
provider does not maintain the patient in the sniffing position, a
dangerous complication known as upper airway obstruction may occur.
The reason the provider needs to perform continuous mask holding
and maneuvering is the human anatomy and physiology. When muscles
of the jaw, tongue and upper airway relax due to sedatives and/or
muscle relaxants given to the patient for sedation and/or
anesthesia, the upper airway (mouth, pharynx, larynx) may become
partially obstructed and possibly completely closed. Wherein, when
the jaw of the patient drops and the tongue obstructs the airway
resulting in snoring (partial obstruction) or apnea (complete
inability for oxygen to pass via the upper airway into the lungs).
Another problem exists when a provider fails to administer enough
anesthesia or sedation or it begins to wear off and the patient
begins to move. This can cause the patient's airway to obstruct as
well since the patient's head and neck position are no longer in
the sniffing position. Patient movement during surgery can also be
dangerous because it can cause the surgeon to make a mistake,
particularly in eye, ear, nose, neck, head, and throat surgery.
[0004] Furthermore, situations arise during surgery that require
rapid intubation of a patient. Full face masks, i.e. masks covering
both the nose and mouth of a patient are problematic in emergency
situations since a mask must be removed to uncover the mouth of a
patient for intubation. However, removing the mask also removes
oxygen support. As will be described below, the present invention
in one aspect addresses the aforesaid and other disadvantages of
the prior art.
[0005] The present invention, in another aspect relates to
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) masks.
[0006] Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, commonly known as CPR is an
emergency procedure performed in an effort to manually preserve
intact brain function until further measures may be taken to
restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person
(hereinafter the "subject" or "victim") who is in cardiac arrest.
CPR also is indicated in those who are unresponsive with no
breathing such as in the case of a drowning victim or victim of
electrical shock, or abnormal breathing, for example agonol
respiration.
[0007] CPR involves chest compressions at least two inches deep and
at a rate of at least 100 per minute in an effort to create
artificial circulation by manually pumping blood through the heart
and thus the body. The rescuer also may provide breaths by either
exhaling directly into the subject's mouth, or through a CPR mask
into the subject's mouth and/or nose (collectively "mouth-to-mouth
resuscitation"), or using a device that pushes air into the
subject's lungs through the subject's mouth and/or nose. The
process of externally providing ventilation is termed "artificial
respiration". Current recommendations place emphasis on
high-quality chest compressions over artificial respiration;
however, when coupled with high-quality chest compressions,
artificial respiration provides potentially the greatest benefit to
the patient.
[0008] Conventional CPR masks are held in place by hand, by the CPR
provider, or may be retained in position by straps that extend
behind the head of the subject or victim. While CPR masks may
assist in ventilation of a subject or victim who is not breathing,
when a rescuer provides mouth-to-mouth and/or nose-to-mouth
resuscitation, the air provided contains a significant amount of
CO.sub.2 which is lethal. As will be discussed below, the present
invention in another aspect addresses the aforesaid and other
disadvantages of the prior art.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] The present invention in one aspect provides an improved
ventilation/anesthesia mask that overcomes the aforesaid and other
problems of the prior art. More particularly, there is provided a
nasal ventilation/anesthesia mask comprising one or more offset gas
openings to allow the provider to have a clear view of the mouth
and airway during direct laryngoscopy and intubation, which
consists of a ventilation port to supply oxygen and other gases
during anesthesia via Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation
(NIPPV) and which is connected to an anesthesia circuit which can
measure end-tidal CO.sub.2 from the nose, an oral opening port
under the nose for scavenging anesthesia gases and end-tidal
CO.sub.2 that are expelled orally from the patient; a gas
scavenging/end-tidal CO.sub.2 port connected to a channel inside
the mask that is isolated from the nasal cavity, and an oxygen port
for supplying post op oxygen. Completing the mask are a plurality
of tabs or eyelets, preferably three, or four, for strapping the
mask to the patient's head or for tying the mask down to the
operating table, e.g., in accordance with the teachings of our
co-pending PCT application PCT/US14/44934 and on co-pending PCT
application PCT/US15/34277.
[0010] In one embodiment of the invention there is provided a nasal
ventilation mask having an O.sub.2 port for introducing oxygen into
the mask, a ventilation port and a gas monitoring attachment
integral to or attached to the ventilation port. In such
embodiment, the gas monitoring port includes a luer lock.
[0011] In another embodiment of the invention, there is provided a
nasal ventilation mask having an exterior opening under a nose
region in the mask, over the patient's lip region, that allow gases
expelled orally to be scavenged and ported to a scavenger device,
said mask optionally further including a Scavenger line for
diverting a portion of the expelled gas to be monitored for
end-tidal CO.sub.2, and, wherein a connector preferably is provided
at point where the end-tidal CO.sub.2 monitoring line intercepts
the Scavenger line, effectively diverting the gas flow, resulting
in a positive pressure relative to the end-tidal CO.sub.2 line
whereby to permit gasses to be sampled from the scavenger line.
[0012] In such embodiment, the mask may further comprise an
anesthesiologist controlled 2-way, 3 port valve permitting an
anesthesiologist to switch between separately monitoring nasal and
oral expulsions of end-tidal CO.sub.2 or monitoring them
simultaneously when the valve is open to both, wherein, when the
Oral end-tidal CO.sub.2 monitoring port is chosen, the end-tidal
CO.sub.2 monitoring line preferably also serves to scavenge other
ventilation gasses during anesthesia.
[0013] The present invention also provides a nasal ventilation mask
having tabs or eyelets for attaching the mask anteriorly with the
mask anchor, or posteriorly with a traditional anesthesia mask
strap, said mask further optionally characterized by one or both of
the following features:
[0014] (a) allowing only one combined anterior-posterior head strap
to be attached, where the posterior head strap can attach to the
mask alone, or can attach to the mask and then to a surface, which
will prevent movement of the patient's head and/or neck; or
[0015] (b) securing the patient's head with a head strap to the
support surface, where the patient's head will stay in a desired
position and the support surface will stay in the desired position
when the provider changes the head and/or neck angles.
[0016] In yet another embodiment of the invention there is provided
a nasal mask characterized by one or more of the following
features:
[0017] (a) wherein the mask is usable as an oxygen transport mask
or as a Ventilation mask providing O.sub.2 and anesthesia gases and
for monitoring end-tidal CO.sub.2 simultaneously;
[0018] (b) having ports for monitoring end-tidal CO.sub.2 via one
or more ports, that can be used for CPAP pre-operatively,
intra-operatively, and post-operatively;
[0019] (c) having ports for monitoring end-tidal CO.sub.2 via one
or more ports, that can be connected to a resuscitator bag in such
a way that the patient's mouth and airway are not obstructed by the
resuscitator bag to allow for direct laryngoscopy and
intubation;
[0020] (d) wherein the mask is attachable anteriorly with a mask
anchor, or posteriorly with a traditional anesthesia mask strap;
and
[0021] (e) having an O.sub.2 port for introducing oxygen into the
mask, a ventilation port and a gas monitoring attachment integral
to or attached to the ventilation port, wherein the gas monitoring
port preferably includes a luer lock
[0022] The present invention also provides an anesthesia mask
having a built in scavenger system for collecting anesthetic gases
that leak out around the mouth and/or nose.
[0023] In yet another embodiment, the present invention provides a
chin strap for application to the submental space, attached to a
nasal mask, for applying pressure to force a wearer's tongue
against the soft palate and induce an obstruction of the
retro-glossal space, whereby to reduce or prevent leakage of gases
out of the patient's mouth and allow the patient to breath out of
the nose, wherein the chin strap also has the ability to release
pressure, if needed, during exhalation to prevent an expiratory
obstruction.
[0024] In another aspect the present invention provides an improved
CPR mask for mouth-to-mouth and/or nose-to-mouth resuscitation and
includes a CO.sub.2 absorber that eliminates re-breathing of
rescuer or provider exhaled CO.sub.2 by the victim. More
particularly, the present disclosure provides a CPR mask which
includes a CO.sub.2 filter or absorber built into the mask or mask
inlet for absorbing CO.sub.2 being exhaled by the rescuer or
provider.
[0025] That is to say, there is provided a CPR mask for
mouth-to-mouth and/or nose-to-mouth resuscitation, comprising a
body shaped to cover the nose and/or mouth of a victim, said mask
including a CO.sub.2 absorber for eliminating at least in part
rescuer exhaled CO.sub.2 delivered to the victim.
[0026] In one embodiment, the CO.sub.2 absorber is coated on an
inside surface of the mask.
[0027] In another embodiment, the mask includes a ventilation tube,
wherein the CO.sub.2 absorber is located in the ventilation
tube.
[0028] In still another embodiment the mask includes one-way valve
and/or straps for holding the mask to the head of the victim.
[0029] In one embodiment the mask includes a compliant periphery to
conform to the face of a victim. In such embodiment, the periphery
may include a soft, compliant air bladder, or resiliently
deformable foam cushion.
[0030] In yet another embodiment, the mask includes a biological
filter incorporated into the inside of the mask, or incorporated
into the ventilation tube.
[0031] In still yet another embodiment of the invention, there is
provided a CPR mask as above described, further characterized by
one or more of the following features:
[0032] (a) including a one-way valve;
[0033] (b) including straps for holding the mask to the head of the
victim; and
[0034] (c) wherein the mask further includes a compliant periphery
to conform to the face of a wearer, wherein the periphery
preferably includes a soft, compliant air bladder or a resiliently
deformable foam cushion.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0035] Further features and advantages of the present invention
will be seen from the following detailed description, taken in
conjunction with the accompany drawings, wherein:
[0036] FIGS. 1a and 1b are front view and top views of a nasal
ventilation mask in accordance with the first embodiment of the
present invention;
[0037] FIG. 2 is an inside view of the FIG. 1a ventilation
mask;
[0038] FIGS. 3a and 3b are plan views showing the ventilation mask
in accordance with the present invention on a patient's head;
[0039] FIGS. 4a and 4b are views similar to FIGS. 3a and 3b showing
a chin strap attached to the mask;
[0040] FIGS. 5a and 5b show an alternative configuration of the
nasal mask with an end-tidal CO.sub.2 monitor in accordance with
the present invention;
[0041] FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of an alternative
configuration of nasal mask ventilation system in accordance with
the present invention;
[0042] FIG. 7 is a plan view of an alternative embodiment of nasal
ventilation mask with a CO.sub.2 monitor in accordance with the
present invention;
[0043] FIG. 8 is a plan view of yet another alternative
configuration of nasal mask with a CO.sub.2 monitor in accordance
with the present invention;
[0044] FIG. 9 is a view, in partial cross-section of a CPR mask in
accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;
and
[0045] FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of a second embodiment of
a CPR mask in accordance with the present invention.
[0046] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0047] A nasal ventilation mask 10 in accordance with a first
embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1a and
1b. Optimally it contains 4 gas openings, but can contain less or
more than four as well. The first is the ventilation port 12 that
supplies O.sub.2 and other gasses either during anesthesia or for
NIPPV in critically ill patients and allows for any end-tidal
CO.sub.2 that is expelled nasally to be retrieved from the patient.
The second is an Oral opening 14 under the nose but isolated from
the nasal cavity created by the mask over the patient's nose. The
purpose of opening 14 is for scavenging anesthesia gases and
end-tidal CO.sub.2 that are expelled orally from the patient. In
addition to reducing or eliminating anesthetic gasses from entering
the Operating Room and becoming a hazard, it allows for the
end-tidal CO.sub.2 expelled from the patient's lungs and escaping
orally to be monitored. The third opening is the Gas
Scavenging/end-tidal CO.sub.2 port 16 that is connected to the
opening by a channel 18 inside the mask (see FIG. 2) that is
isolated from the nasal cavity. The Gases, including any expelled
end-tidal CO.sub.2, leave the mask through port 16 and are guided
by a tube 20 to a gas scavenging filter and end-tidal CO.sub.2
monitor 32 (see FIG. 3) that samples gas from the gas scavenging
line. The fourth opening is an O.sub.2 port 22 that is capped off
during anesthesia, but may be connected to an O.sub.2 source (not
shown) either pre-operation, intra-operation, or post-operation.
When O.sub.2 is supplied, the Ventilation tube is detached from the
ventilation port 12 so that end-tidal CO.sub.2 and be expelled
nasally. A gas hood 24 located under the nose around the oral
opening 14 extends beyond the mask as shown. It is optionally
included in order to extend the influence of the Oral Opening 14 in
the mask in order to contain a greater percentage of the expelled
gases from the patient.
[0048] The mask also includes three eyelets or tabs 60, 62, 64, or
four eyelets or tabs 66 68, 70, 72 (FIG. 7) for attaching a chin
strap or head strap, as described below, or for attaching straps to
the operating table in accordance with the teachings of our
co-pending application PCT/US14/44934 or our co-pending PCT
application PCT/US15/34277.
[0049] An interior view of the nasal ventilation mask 10 of the
present invention is illustrated in FIG. 2. The ventilation port 12
and O.sub.2 port 22, are connected to the nasal cavity 26. Orally
expelled gases travel from the Oral opening 14 on the outside of
the mask through Gas Channel 18 and out the Gas Scavenger &
end-tidal CO.sub.2 monitoring port 16 on to the Scavenger device
and end-tidal CO.sub.2 monitor. The Gas channel 18 separates the
Nasal cavity 26 created by the ventilation mask over the nose and
the Oral regions of the patient.
[0050] When O.sub.2 or O.sub.2 and anesthesia gasses and are being
supplied to the patient, they travel to the nasal cavity 26 through
a ventilation circuit 28 attached to the ventilation port 12, and a
cap shown in phantom at 30, seals the O.sub.2 port. Post operation,
the cap 30 can be removed from the O.sub.2 port 22 and an O.sub.2
line attached to the port, supplying O.sub.2 to the patient. The
ventilation circuit 28 is removed from the ventilation port 12 and
the nasal cavity 26 is open to the atmosphere where end-tidal
CO.sub.2 can be expelled nasally.
[0051] The gas circuit for both the Nasal Mask
Ventilation/end-tidal CO.sub.2 monitor Oral Gas Scavenger/end-tidal
CO.sub.2 monitoring lines are illustrated in FIGS. 3a and 3b. FIG.
3a shows nasal gas flow from the Nasal cavity 26 connected to the
Ventilation Circuit 28 and to the end-tidal CO.sub.2 monitoring
equipment 32. FIG. 3b shows the orally expelled gasses entering the
Oral opening and flowing through the Gas Scavenger line to a
recovery device 34 and the associated line that is connected to the
scavenger line and flows to the end-tidal CO.sub.2 monitoring
equipment. Note that the opening to the scavenger line should be
positioned approximately 90.degree. to the scavenger gas flow in
order for the local pressure to be higher than it would be if the
opening were perpendicular to the gas flow. If it were
perpendicular, a negative pressure would prevent the end-tidal
CO.sub.2 monitoring line from being able to sample the flow due to
the negative pressure gradient.
[0052] Referring also to FIGS. 4a and 4b, a chin strap 36 also can
be applied to the submental space, attached to the nasal mask 10,
and apply a pressure to force the tongue against the soft palate
and induce an obstruction of the retro-glossal space, which will
help prevent any leak of gases out of the patient's mouth and allow
the patient to breath out of the nose. The chin strap 36 also has
the ability to release pressure, if needed, during exhalation to
prevent an expiratory obstruction and allow end-tidal CO.sub.2 and
other gases to be released out the mouth.
[0053] In an alternate configuration, the gas circuit for both the
Nasal Mask Ventilation and end-tidal CO.sub.2 monitoring are
illustrated in FIGS. 5a and 5b. The figure shows a 2-Way, 3 Port
valve 40 that connects the Nasal circuit to the end-tidal CO.sub.2
monitoring equipment. The anesthesiologist decides which region,
the nasal, oral region, or both simultaneously, should be monitored
for end-tidal CO.sub.2.
[0054] A side view of the alternate configuration for the nasal
mask ventilation and monitoring end-tidal CO.sub.2 expulsion from
the oral airway is illustrated in FIG. 6. Note the 2-Way, 3 Port
valve 40 has been turned in the direction of the mouth for sampling
end-tidal CO.sub.2.
[0055] The nasal ventilation mask also allows only one combined
anterior-posterior head strap to be attached, where the posterior
head strap can attach to the mask alone, or can attach to the mask
and then to a surface, which will prevent movement of the patient's
head and/or neck. By securing the patient's head with the head
strap to the support surface, the patient's head will stay in the
desired position and the support surface will stay in the desired
position when the provider changes the head and/or neck angles.
[0056] FIG. 7 illustrates yet another embodiment of the invention,
in which a patient is being provided oxygen via an O.sub.2 line
connected to the O.sub.2 port on the ventilation mask. The exhaled
gasses are exhausted to the atmosphere via the ventilation port 12
as illustrated in FIG. 7. If the patient is unconscious due to
anesthesia, there is a desire to assure that the CO.sub.2 is being
exhaled. This can be accomplished by adding a "T-Shaped" gas
monitoring attachment 50 that slides onto the mask ventilation port
12. The main body of the attachment 50 which is tubular in shape
allows exhaled gasses to be exhausted to the atmosphere. To the
side of the attachment is a tubular opening 52, nominally at a
90.degree. angle off to the side. The end of this opening 52 can
have a luer lock or any other kind of securing connection. Exhaled
gas from the main flow can be sampled through this opening if a gas
monitoring line 54 connected to a gas monitor is attached to the
gas monitoring line interface.
[0057] An alternative approach for accomplishing the same gas
sampling feature is illustrated in FIG. 8. In this embodiment, the
gas monitoring line interface is an integral element of the mask
ventilation port 12. In this configuration, O.sub.2 flows into the
O.sub.2 port via a supply line and the exhaust gases are passed to
the atmosphere via the ventilation port 12. The side of the
ventilation port 12 is a tubular opening 56, nominally at
90.degree. angle off to the side. The end of this opening can have
a luer lock or any other kind of securing connection. Exhaled gas
from the main flow can be sampled through this opening if a gas
monitoring line connected to a gas monitor is attached to the gas
monitoring line surface.
[0058] Referring to FIG. 9, there is shown a first embodiment of a
CPR mask in accordance with another aspect of our invention,
designated 110, to affect rescue breathing, mouth-to-mouth
resuscitation or any other CPR procedure requiring emergency
breathing assistance. Mask 110 is shaped to cover the nose and/or
mouth of a victim, and includes a soft and compliant periphery 112
to conform to the face of a victim upon application of moderate
force to obtain a tight-fitting mask seal. Typically the periphery
112 of the mask includes a soft, compliant air bladder 114 or
resiliently deformable foam cushion or the like.
[0059] A ventilation tube 116 is attached to an integral inlet port
118 protruding from the mask through which air may be supplied by
the rescuer by exhaling into the tube. Ventilation tube 116 or
inlet port 118 typically includes a one-way valve 120 that permits
air to enter the mask through tube 116. Ventilation tube 116 and
its associated valve 120 may be formed integrally with the port
118, or may be a replaceable, disposable element or package. (FIG.
10).
[0060] The inside surface 122 of mask 110 is coated in part by a
CO.sub.2 absorbing material such as activated carbon or a zeolite.
Also, certain minerals such as serpentinite advantageously may be
employed. Typically, these materials are sorted to optimal size and
encased in a filter material 124 bound to the inside surface 122 of
the mask 110. Alternatively, the inside surface 122 of the mask 110
may be coated with a CO.sub.2 absorbing polymer such as
polyethylenimine containing fumed silica or the like as reported in
Scientific American, Jan. 6, 2012, page 33.
[0061] Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 10, a CO.sub.2 filter 126
containing CO.sub.2 absorbing material may be incorporated into
ventilation tube 116.
[0062] In use, the rescuer places the CPR mask 110 over the nose
and/or mouth of a victim to initiate emergency ventilation of the
victim. The rescuer applies moderate force to obtain a
substantially air-tight seal against the victim's face, and
ventilation is then supplied by the rescuer by exhaling into the
ventilation tube 116. While the exhaust from the rescuer contains
CO.sub.2, most of the CO.sub.2 will be removed by the CO.sub.2
filter material.
[0063] Mask 110 may be formed in different sizes, for example,
adult size, youth size and child size, to accommodate different
size faces. A feature and advantage of the CPR mask of the present
invention is that significantly reduces the amount of CO.sub.2
administered to the victim. Also, the mask helps to protect both
victim and rescuer in an emergency situation by preventing transfer
of disease.
[0064] Various changes may be made in the above invention without
departing from the spirit and scope thereof. For example, a
biological filter (shown in phantom at 130 in FIG. 10) also may be
incorporated into the mask or the ventilation tube 116.
Additionally, the mask may include straps 132 for strapping the
mask to the victim's head, thus freeing the rescuer from having to
press the mask against the victim's face. Still other changes are
possible.
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