U.S. patent application number 17/728972 was filed with the patent office on 2022-08-11 for photovoltaic module.
The applicant listed for this patent is JINKO SOLAR CO., LTD., ZHEJIANG JINKO SOLAR CO., LTD.. Invention is credited to Hao JIN, Bairu LI, Menglei XU, Jie YANG, Xinyu ZHANG.
Application Number | 20220254942 17/728972 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | |
Filed Date | 2022-08-11 |
United States Patent
Application |
20220254942 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
LI; Bairu ; et al. |
August 11, 2022 |
PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE
Abstract
The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic
module including a base plate, a cell string and a cover plate
stacked in order; a first packaging layer located between the base
plate and the cover plate and surrounding the cell string, the
first packaging layer, the base plate and the cover plate defining
a sealed space; and a moisture treatment layer located in the
sealed space. The moisture treatment layer includes at least one of
a functional layer and a moisture detection layer. The functional
layer is adaptive to absorb moisture and be converted into a
solidified layer, the solidified layer has a degree of cross
linking greater than a degree of cross linking of the functional
layer. The moisture detection layer is adaptive to detect and
determine whether there is moisture in the sealed space through
response information of the moisture detection layer.
Inventors: |
LI; Bairu; (Haining, CN)
; XU; Menglei; (Haining, CN) ; YANG; Jie;
(Haining, CN) ; ZHANG; Xinyu; (Haining, CN)
; JIN; Hao; (Haining, CN) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
ZHEJIANG JINKO SOLAR CO., LTD.
JINKO SOLAR CO., LTD. |
Haining
Jiangxi |
|
CN
CN |
|
|
Appl. No.: |
17/728972 |
Filed: |
April 25, 2022 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
17108994 |
Dec 1, 2020 |
11355660 |
|
|
17728972 |
|
|
|
|
International
Class: |
H01L 31/048 20060101
H01L031/048; H02S 50/10 20060101 H02S050/10; B32B 17/10 20060101
B32B017/10; H01L 31/0216 20060101 H01L031/0216; H01L 31/05 20060101
H01L031/05 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 2, 2020 |
CN |
202011204048.6 |
Nov 2, 2020 |
CN |
202011204055.6 |
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module comprising: a base plate; a cell string
disposed on the base plate, the cell string having a first surface
facing away from the base plate, a second surface opposite to the
first surface and facing the base plate, and a side surface between
the first and second surfaces; a cover plate over the first surface
of the cell string; a first packaging layer, located between the
base plate and the cover plate and surrounding and facing the side
surface of the cell string, wherein the first packaging layer, the
base plate and the cover plate define a first sealed space housing
the cell string; a moisture detection layer, located in the first
sealed space, wherein the moisture detection layer is adaptive to
provide response information indicating whether there is moisture
in the first sealed space.
2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the moisture
detection layer comprises a moisture absorption color changeable
layer, a moisture-sensitive resistor or a moisture-sensitive
sensor.
3. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the moisture
detection layer is further adaptive to determine a position in the
first sealed space where there is moisture.
4. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the response
information comprises color information or photoelectrical
information.
5. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the moisture
detection layer is at least located between the first packaging
layer and the cell string.
6. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein there are corner
junction regions between the first packaging layer and the base
plate, and between the first packaging layer and the cover plate,
and the moisture detection layer is located at least in the corner
junction regions.
7. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the base plate is a
bearing board, and the moisture detection layer is located between
the cell string and the base plate.
8. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the cell string
comprises a conductive glass and a perovskite film layer, and the
conductive glass functions as an anode of the cell string.
9. The photovoltaic module of claim 6, further comprises a second
packaging layer located between the cell string and the base
plate.
10. The photovoltaic module of claim 6, further comprises a second
packaging layer filling the first sealed space.
11. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein materials for the
moisture absorption color changeable layer comprise: copper
sulfate, cobalt chloride, methylene amines or organic phenols.
12. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, further comprises a
functional layer located at least between the first packaging layer
and the cell string, and the functional layer is adaptive to absorb
moisture and be converted into a solidified layer, wherein the
solidified layer having a degree of crosslinking greater than a
degree of cross linking of the functional layer.
13. The photovoltaic module of claim 12, wherein materials for the
functional layer comprises a hydrolyzable and crosslinkable
material, and the hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material comprises
silane modified polyurethane or silicone.
14. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the cell string
comprises cell film layers of gallium arsenide, copper indium
selenium or cadmium telluride layers.
15. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the first surface
comprises a central region and a peripheral region surrounding the
central region, and the moisture detection layer is located on the
side surface and on the peripheral region of the first surface.
16. The photovoltaic module of claim 15, wherein the moisture
detection layer is further located on the central region of the
first surface.
17. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein the moisture
detection layer is located between the cell string and the cover
plate.
18. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, further comprising a
solidified layer, located within the first sealed space, and
materials for the solidified layer comprising a material converted
from a hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material after absorbing
moisture.
19. The photovoltaic module of claim 18, wherein the solidified
layer is at least located between the first packaging layer and the
cell string.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application is a continuation of American patent
application Ser. No. 17/108,994, entitled "PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE"
filed Dec. 1, 2020, which claims priority to Chinese Patent
Application No. 202011204048.6, filed Nov. 2, 2020 and Chinese
Patent Application No. 202011204055.6, filed Nov. 2, 2020, each of
which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of solar energy
technology, in particular, to a photovoltaic module.
BACKGROUND
[0003] A photovoltaic module is a device that directly converts
light energy into electrical energy through a photoelectric effect
or a photochemical effect. The photovoltaic module may be a
silicon-based photovoltaic module, a gallium arsenide (GaAs)
photovoltaic module or a perovskite photovoltaic module and the
like. As a most promising photovoltaic cell in the third generation
of solar cells, a perovskite photovoltaic module has been greatly
improved in terms of energy conversion efficiency in the past ten
years. Due to a low manufacturing cost of the perovskite
photovoltaic module, the perovskite photovoltaic module is expected
to play a huge role in the energy field.
[0004] A packaging technology can separate a cell string in a
photovoltaic module from an external environment, preventing
pollution and corrosion of various impurities, and is a method to
improve a service life of a precision electronic element. However,
because materials in a perovskite photovoltaic module are sensitive
to water vapor, oxygen, pressure, etc. in the air, an existing
packaging technology cannot meet what is needed, and the service
life of the photovoltaic module still needs to be increased.
SUMMARY
[0005] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic
module, to improve packaging technology of the photovoltaic module,
thereby prolonging service life of the photovoltaic module.
[0006] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a
photovoltaic module including: a base plate, a cell string and a
cover plate stacked in order; a first packaging layer located
between the base plate and the cover plate and surrounding the cell
string, the first packaging layer, the base plate and the cover
plate defining a first sealed space; and a moisture treatment layer
located in the first sealed space. The moisture treatment layer
includes at least one of a functional layer and a moisture
detection layer. The functional layer is adaptive to absorb
moisture and be converted into a solidified layer, and the
solidified layer has a degree of crosslinking greater than a degree
of crosslinking of the functional layer. The moisture detection
layer is adaptive to detect and determine whether there is moisture
in the first sealed space through response information of the
moisture detection layer.
[0007] Further, the moisture treatment layer is at least located
between the first packaging layer and the cell string.
[0008] Further, the cell string has a first surface and a second
surface opposite each other, and a side surface connecting the
first surface and the second surface, the first surface being away
from the base plate, and the second surface facing the base plate;
and the first surface includes a central region and a peripheral
region surrounding the central region, and the moisture treatment
layer is located on the side surface and on the first surface of
the peripheral region.
[0009] Further, the moisture treatment layer is attached to the
side surface and the first surface of the peripheral region.
[0010] Further, the photovoltaic module further includes a
separation layer located on the side surface and the first surface
of the peripheral region, the separation layer located between the
moisture treatment layer and the cell string.
[0011] Further, the moisture treatment layer is further located on
the first surface of the central region.
[0012] Further, the moisture treatment layer is arranged around the
cell string, and the moisture treatment layer, the base plate and
the cover plate define a second sealed space.
[0013] Further, there are corner junction regions between the first
packaging layer and the base plate and between the first packaging
layer and the cover plate, and the moisture treatment layer is
located at least in the corner junction regions.
[0014] Further, the moisture treatment layer is further located on
an inner wall surface of the first packaging layer facing the cell
string.
[0015] Further, the photovoltaic module further includes a second
packaging layer filling the first sealed space.
[0016] Further, the base plate is a conductive substrate, and the
cell string includes a plurality of perovskite solar cells.
[0017] Further, the base plate is a bearing board, and the cell
string includes a plurality of perovskite solar cells.
[0018] Further, materials for the functional layer include a
hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material.
[0019] Further, the functional layer includes a first functional
layer and a second functional layer stacked in order, the first
functional layer is located between the second functional layer and
the cell string, a material for the first functional layer is a
material that is already hydrolyzed and crosslinked based on a
hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material, and materials for the
second functional layer include a hydrolyzable and crosslinkable
material.
[0020] Further, the hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material may be
either silane modified polyurethane or silicone.
[0021] Further, materials for the first packaging layer include
moisture-solidified materials, optical-solidified materials or
additive-solidified materials.
[0022] Further, the moisture detection layer includes a moisture
absorption color changeable layer, a moisture-sensitive resistor or
a moisture-sensitive sensor.
[0023] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a
photovoltaic module including: a base plate, a cell string and a
cover plate stacked in order; a first packaging layer located
between the base plate and the cover plate and surrounding the cell
string, the first packaging layer, the base plate and the cover
plate defining a third sealed space; and a solidified layer located
within the third sealed space, materials for the solidified layer
including a material converted from a hydrolyzable and
crosslinkable material after absorbing moisture.
[0024] Further, the solidified layer is at least located between
the first packaging layer and the cell string.
[0025] Compared with existing technologies, the technical solutions
provided in the present disclosure at least have the following
advantages.
[0026] The photovoltaic module provided in embodiments of the
present disclosure includes a functional layer in a sealed space.
The functional layer is adaptive to absorb moisture and be
converted into a solidified layer with a degree of cross linking
greater than a degree of cross linking of the functional layer.
Therefore, the functional layer may absorb moisture and be
converted into a solidified layer after absorbing the moisture,
thereby automatically performing packaging on the photovoltaic
module for a second time. In this way, the moisture is prevented
from damaging a cell string, thereby tightness of the package is
improved, the packaging technology for the photovoltaic module is
improved, and the service life of the photovoltaic module is
prolonged.
[0027] In addition, the photovoltaic module includes a moisture
detection layer located in a sealed space. It is detected and
determined whether there is moisture in the sealed space through
response information of the moisture detection layer. Therefore,
when moisture enters the sealed space, an operator may perform
re-packaging on the photovoltaic module in time according to a
detection result on the moisture detection layer, thereby moisture
is further prevented from damaging the cell string, and the service
life of the photovoltaic module is further prolonged.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] One or more embodiments are described as examples with
reference to the corresponding figures in the accompanying
drawings, and the examples do not constitute a limitation to the
embodiments. The figures in the accompanying drawings do not
constitute a proportion limitation unless otherwise stated.
[0029] FIGS. 1-7 are schematic diagrams showing structures of a
photovoltaic module provided in a first embodiment of the present
disclosure;
[0030] FIGS. 8-14 are schematic diagrams showing structures of a
photovoltaic module provided in a second embodiment of the present
disclosure;
[0031] FIGS. 15-16 are schematic diagrams showing structures of a
photovoltaic module provided in a third embodiment of the present
disclosure;
[0032] FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing method of a
photovoltaic module provided in a fourth embodiment of the present
disclosure;
[0033] FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a
photovoltaic module provided in a fifth embodiment of the present
disclosure;
[0034] FIG. 19-27 are schematic diagrams showing structures of a
photovoltaic module provided in a sixth embodiment of the present
disclosure;
[0035] FIG. 28-36 are schematic diagrams showing structures of a
photovoltaic module provided in a seventh embodiment of the present
disclosure;
[0036] FIG. 37-38 are schematic diagrams showing structures of a
photovoltaic module provided in an eighth embodiment of the present
disclosure;
[0037] FIG. 39 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing method of a
photovoltaic module provided in a ninth embodiment of the present
disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0038] It is known from the above background that a packaging
technology and a service life of a photovoltaic module need to be
improved.
[0039] It is found through analysis that reasons for the above is
that during packaging of a photovoltaic module, it is common that a
package is not packaged tight enough; during use of the
photovoltaic module, it is common for a packaging material to age
due to light, heat and water. Therefore, under moisture, it is easy
for a cell string to be decomposed or less efficient and cease to
work.
[0040] In order to address the problems, an embodiment of the
present disclosure provides a photovoltaic module and a
manufacturing method for the photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic
module has a functional layer for absorbing moisture and being
converted into a solidified layer, the solidified layer having a
degree of cross linking greater than that of the functional layer.
Therefore, in a case where packaging is not tight enough or the
packaging material ages, the functional layer may absorb moisture
and becomes a solidified layer to be packaged a second time,
thereby moisture may be blocked out and the packaging is
enhanced.
[0041] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a
photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method for the photovoltaic
module. The photovoltaic module has a moisture detection layer. It
is detected and determined whether there is moisture in a sealed
space through response information of the moisture detection layer.
Therefore, in a case where packaging is not tight or a packaging
material ages, the moisture detection layer may quickly detect
moisture in the sealed space. Based on response information of the
moisture detection layer, an operator may re-package the
photovoltaic module, thereby service life of the photovoltaic
module is prolonged.
[0042] An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a
photovoltaic module having a functional layer and a moisture
detection layer. The functional layer is adaptive to absorb
moisture and be converted into a solidified layer having a degree
of cross linking greater than a degree of cross linking of the
functional layer. The moisture treatment layer is adaptive to
detect and determine whether there is moisture in a sealed space
through response information of the moisture detection layer.
Therefore, in a case where packaging is not tight or a packaging
material ages, the functional layer may absorb moisture in the
sealed space and be converted into a solidified layer to block
moisture from entering the cell string, thereby a second packaging
is realized. In addition, the moisture detection layer may detect
and locate a particular position of the moisture so that an
operator may re-package the photovoltaic module, thereby service
life of the photovoltaic module is prolonged.
[0043] In order to make the objective, the technical solution and
advantages of the present disclosure clearer, a detailed
description is provided on embodiments of the present disclosure
with reference to the drawings. However, those skilled in the art
may appreciate that in the embodiments of the present disclosure, a
plurality of technical details are provided for readers to better
understand the present disclosure. However, even if the technical
details and variants and amendments based on the following
embodiments are not provided, the technical solution that the
present disclosure claims to protect can still be implemented.
FIGS. 1-7 are schematic diagrams showing structures of a
photovoltaic module provided in a first embodiment of the present
disclosure.
[0044] With reference to FIGS. 1-7, the first embodiment of the
present disclosure provides a photovoltaic module including: a base
plate 110, a cell string 100 and a cover plate 120 staked in order;
a first packaging layer 130 located between the base plate 110 and
the cover plate 120 and surrounding the cell string 100, the first
packaging layer 130, the base plate 110 and the cover plate 120
defining a first sealed space; a functional layer 140 located
within the first sealed space, adaptive to absorb moisture and be
converted into a solidified layer, and the solidified layer having
a degree of cross linking greater than that of the functional layer
.
[0045] A further description is provided in details in the
following with reference to the drawings.
[0046] With reference to FIGS. 1-7, the base plate 110 may be a
conductive substrate, and the cell string 100 may include a
plurality of perovskite solar cells. That is, in this embodiment,
the base plate 110 can not only bear the cell string 100, but also
can serve as an anode to collect electrons generated by the cell
string 100 after light exposure. The base plate 110 may be
fluorine-doped tin oxide conductive glass or indium tin oxide
conductive glass. It may be appreciated that the conductive base
plate may be conductive glass of the perovskite solar cell.
[0047] In this embodiment, the cell string 100 is a perovskite
solar cell film layer including such structures as a hole transport
layer, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and a metal
electrode. When exposed to sunlight, the perovskite layer first
absorbs photons to generate electron-hole pairs. Un-recombined
electrons and holes are separately collected by the electron
transport layer and the hole transport layer. That is, the
electrons are transmitted from the perovskite layer to the electron
transport layer and finally collected by the base plate 110; the
holes are transmitted from the perovskite layer to the hole
transport layer and finally collected by the metal electrode. At
last, photocurrent is generated through a circuit connecting the
base plate 110 and the metal electrode. Because a perovskite
material has a low carrier recombination probability and a high
carrier transferring rate, a diffusion distance and a life of a
carrier are relatively long. Therefore, the perovskite solar cell
has a high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
[0048] In another embodiment, the cell string may further include
such cell film layers as gallium arsenide, copper indium selenium
or cadmium telluride layers.
[0049] It may be appreciated that the cell string 100 is of a cell
structure formed by a plurality of solar cells connected in
parallel or in series. For example, the cell string may include a
plurality of sub-strings connected in parallel or in series, and
each of the plurality of sub-strings may further include a
plurality of solar cells connected in series.
[0050] In this embodiment, the cover plate 120 may be glass. In
another embodiment, the cover plate may be transparent plastic.
[0051] The first packaging layer 130 may be located between the
base plate 110 and the cover plate 120, surrounding the cell string
100. The first packaging layer 130, the base plate 110 and the
cover plate 120 define the first sealed space.
[0052] A material for the first packaging layer 130 may be a
moisture-solidified material, a light-solidified material or an
additive-curing material, for example, polyisobutylene, polyolefin
or polyurethane. Because the perovskite solar cell is not resistant
to a high temperature, temperature should not be too high during a
lamination process of the photovoltaic module. If the first
packaging layer 130 is a thermos-solidified material, it is
difficult for the temperature during the lamination process to
reach a temperature at which the first packaging layer 130 is
solidified, thus the first packaging layer 130 may not be
solidified completely, resulting in inadequate packaging.
Therefore, the moisture-solidified material, the light-solidified
material or the additive-curing material are used for the first
packaging layer 130 to avoid the above problem. In this way, the
first packaging layer 130 may be solidified well without a high
temperature.
[0053] A width of the first packaging layer 130 in a direction
parallel to a surface of the base plate 110 is 3 mm-500 mm. It
shall be noted that if a width of the first packaging layer 130 is
too small, it would be easy for a problem of inadequate packaging
to occur; but if the width is too large, an area of the
photovoltaic module would be increased. Therefore, the above two
problems may be avoided if the width of the first packaging layer
130 is 3 mm-500 mm.
[0054] With reference to FIGS. 1 to 6, in this embodiment, the
first sealed space may be further filled with a second packaging
layer 170.
[0055] The second packaging layer 170 may further enhance sealing
to avoid moisture intrusion.
[0056] A material for the second packaging layer 170 differs from
that of the first packaging layer 130, and may be an ethylene vinyl
acetate (EVA) film layer.
[0057] In another embodiment, the material for the second packaging
layer 170 may be identical with that of the first packaging layer
130. Alternatively, there may not be a second packaging layer in
the first sealed space, i.e., there is a gap in the first sealed
space.
[0058] The functional layer 140 is located within the first sealed
space. If either the first packaging layer 130 or the second
packaging layer 170 is not packaged adequately or has aged
material, the functional layer 140 may absorb moisture and be
converted into a solidified layer. The solidified layer has a
degree of cross linking greater than that of the functional layer
140. That is, the functional layer 140 may perform packaging on the
cell string 100 for a second time, thereby preventing the cell
string 100 from being decomposed or ceasing to be effective in
moisture.
[0059] It may be appreciated that in this embodiment, what the
functional layer 140 absorbs may be moisture entered the first
sealed space, and the functional layer 140 prevents the moisture in
the first sealed space from damaging the cell string 100.
[0060] The degree of cross linking is further called cross linking
index or cross linking density, and may be used to represent a
degree of cross linking of a molecular chain. In particular, the
degree of cross linking refers to a fraction taken by a
cross-linked structural unit of an entire structural unit. The
degree of cross linking is proportional with the amount of cross
link bonds: the greater the degree of cross linking, the more cross
link bonds in a unit volume and the greater the cross linking
density. A thickness of the functional layer 140 is greater than or
equal to 500 nm. If the thickness of the functional layer 140 is
excessively thin, a compactness of the functional layer 140 is poor
after absorbing moisture. Therefore, the thickness of the
functional layer 140 is at least 500 nm, thereby improving the
second packaging effect.
[0061] In this embodiment, a material for the functional layer 140
may be a hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material that can absorb
moisture entering into the first sealed space and that may have a
cross-linking reaction after absorbing moisture. In this way,
viscosity and compactness of the material are increased, and the
second packaging may be performed.
[0062] The hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material may be silane
modified polyurethane or silicone. In addition, the hydrolyzable
and crosslinkable material may be either a single-component
hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material or a double-component
hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material.
[0063] In another embodiment, apart from the hydrolyzable and
crosslinkable material, materials for the functional layer may
further include a material that is already hydrolyzed and
cross-linked.
[0064] For silane-modified polyurethane, a prepolymer thereof has
an aminosilane end cap, and the prepolymer reacting with external
moisture may produce a cross-linked network structure. In addition,
an organic functional silane has multiple functions. Firstly, the
silane acts as an adhesion promoter to improve bonding; secondly,
in a crosslinking process, the silane can accelerate a
reaction.
[0065] For silicone, a main polymer chain thereof is composed of
silicon-oxygen-silicon bonds, and does not contain a structure that
may be polymerized by heating. That is, even at a high temperature,
silicone is not prone to polymerize. Therefore, in subsequent use
or packaging, silicone is not easily affected by temperature and
can maintain good moisture absorption and crosslinking
properties.
[0066] It may be appreciated that different hydrolyzable and
crosslinkable materials for the functional layer 140 may enable the
functional layer 140 to have different reactions internally when
the functional layer is converting to a solidified layer. For
example, the functional layer 140 may have a hydrolysis reaction, a
polycondensation reaction, a cross-linking reaction, or an
oligomerization reaction and the like. For example, when the
material for the functional layer 140 is silane-modified
polyurethane, the functional layer 140 undergoes a cross-linking
reaction, and the number of Si--O--Si bonds in the solidified layer
is greater than the number of Si--O--Si bonds in the functional
layer 140. In another example, the compactness of the solidified
layer may further be greater than the compactness of the functional
layer.
[0067] In addition, it shall further be noted that the functional
layer 140 absorbs moisture in the first sealed space and is
converted into a solidified layer, including: a partial region of
the functional layer 140 absorbs moisture to be converted into a
solidified layer. Alternatively, all of the functional layer 140
absorbs moisture to be converted into a solidified layer. In this
embodiment, the functional layer 140 includes a first functional
layer and a second functional layer stacked in order, the first
functional layer is located between the second functional layer and
the cell string 100, the material for the first functional layer is
a material that is already hydrolyzed and crosslinked based on a
hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material, and materials for the
second functional layer includes the hydrolyzable and crosslinkable
material.
[0068] Since a non-hydrolysed and non-cross-linked material has
flowability, while a hydrolysed and cross-linked material is highly
adhesive, thus stacking the non-hydrolysed and non-cross-linked
material and the hydrolysed and cross-linked material may reduce
the flowability of the non-hydrolysed and non-cross-linked
material, thereby thickness of the functional layer is more
even.
[0069] In another embodiment, the functional layer may be a
single-layered hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material, i.e., a
material that is not hydrolyzed yet.
[0070] The functional layer 140 is at least located between the
first packaging layer 130 and the cell string 100. In case of
inadequate packaging or aged packaging of the first packaging layer
130 or the second packaging layer 170, a space between the first
packaging layer 130 and the cell string 100 is a place where
moisture enters earliest. Therefore, the functional layer 140 is
provided between the first packaging layer 130 and the cell string
100, thereby enhancing the second packaging effect.
[0071] For technical solutions about a particular position of the
functional layer 140 in the first sealed space, the following
examples are mainly included:
[0072] Example One: with reference to FIG. 1, the cell string 100
has a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 opposite each
other, and a side surface 103 connecting the first surface 101 and
the second surface 102. The first surface 101 is away from the base
plate 110, and the second surface 102 faces the base plate 110. The
first surface 101 includes a central region 105 and a peripheral
region 104 surrounding the central region 105. The functional layer
140 is located on the side surface 103 and on the first surface 101
of the peripheral region 104. The functional layer 140 is attached
to the side surface 103 and the first surface 101 of the peripheral
region 104.
[0073] Example Two: with reference to FIG. 2, the photovoltaic
module further includes a separation layer 160 located on the side
surface 103 and the first surface 101 of the peripheral region 104,
and the separation layer 160 is located between the functional
layer 140 and the cell string 100.
[0074] The separation layer 160 can further improve tightness of
the package, and the separation layer 160 can also separate the
functional layer 140 from the cell string 100. If the material used
for the functional layer 140 may react with the material for the
cell string 100, the separation layer 160 can prevent the
functional layer 140 from having an adverse effect on the cell
string 100 and improve life of the cell string 100. A material for
the separation layer 160 may be an EVA film.
[0075] Example Three: with reference to FIG. 3, the functional
layer 140 is further located on the first surface 101 of the
central region 105. That is, the functional layer 140 is located on
the side surface 103 and the first surface 101 of the cell string
100. A separation layer 160 is further included between the
functional layer 140 and the cell string 100. It may be appreciated
that the functional layer 140 can further be directly attached to
the side surface 103 and the first surface 101 of the cell string
100, that is, there is no separation layer 160 between the
functional layer 140 and the cell string 100.
[0076] Example Four: with reference to FIG. 4, the functional layer
140 is arranged around the cell string 100, and the functional
layer 140, the base plate 110 and the cover 120 define a second
sealed space. That is, the functional layer 140 is arranged around
the side surface 103 of the cell string 100 and encloses the cell
string 100 in the second sealed space.
[0077] The functional layer 140 may be arranged close to a side
surface of the cell string 100, or there may be a gap between the
functional layer 140 and the side surface of the cell string 100;
or there may be a separation layer between the functional layer 140
and the side surface 103 of the cell string 100.
[0078] Example Five: with reference to FIG. 5, there are corner
junction regions between the first packaging layer 130 and the base
plate 110, and between the first packaging layer 130 and the cover
plate 120, and the functional layer 140 is located at least in the
corner junction regions. That is, the functional layer 140 covers a
boundary between the first packaging layer 130 and the cover plate
120 and the base plate 110.
[0079] Example Six: with reference to FIG. 6, the functional layer
140 is further located on an inner wall surface of the first
packaging layer 130 facing the cell string 100.
[0080] Example Seven: with reference to FIG. 7, the functional
layer 140 fills the first sealed space. At this time, the
functional layer 140 completely covers the cell string 100, and the
functional layer 140 has a great thickness and can perform sealing
well.
[0081] As shown in FIG. 7, the functional layer 140 is converted
into a solidified layer after absorbing moisture, and the
solidified layer is glued to the base plate 110, the first
packaging layer 130 and the cover plate 120, thereby further
improving sealing performance of the packaging structure.
[0082] To sum up, there is the functional layer 140 in the first
sealed space of the photovoltaic module in this embodiment. The
functional layer 140 can absorb moisture in the first sealed space,
and can further be converted into a solidified layer after
absorbing moisture to block intrusion of moisture, thereby
prolonging service life of the cell string 100.
[0083] A second embodiment of the present disclosure provides a
photovoltaic module substantially identical with the photovoltaic
module provided in the first embodiment, but differs in that in
this embodiment, a base plate may be a bearing board and a cell
string includes a plurality of perovskite solar cells. In this
embodiment, the first embodiment may be referred to for portions
identical or similar to the photovoltaic module provided in the
first embodiment, and content of the portions is not repeated.
FIGS. 8-14 are schematic diagrams showing structures of a
photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment.
[0084] Detailed description is provided in the following with
reference to the drawings.
[0085] With reference to FIGS. 8-14, in this embodiment, the
photovoltaic module includes: a base plate 210, a cell string 200
and a cover plate 220 stacked in order; a first packaging layer 230
located between the base plate 210 and the cover plate 220 and
surrounding the cell string 200, the first packaging layer 230, the
base plate 210 and the cover plate 220 defining a first sealed
space; a functional layer 240 located within the first sealed
space. The functional layer 240 is adaptive to absorb moisture and
be converted into a solidified layer, and the solidified layer
having a degree of cross linking greater than that of the
functional layer 240.
[0086] In this embodiment, the base plate 210 may be a bearing
board and the cell string 200 includes a plurality of perovskite
solar cells. That is, the base plate 210 is adaptive to bear the
cell string but does not have a function of collecting electrons.
The base plate 210 may be glass or transparent plastic.
[0087] The cell string 200 includes a conductive glass 202 and a
perovskite solar cell film layer 201. As an anode of a perovskite
solar cell, the conductive glass 202 is used for collecting
electrons.
[0088] With reference to FIGS. 8-13, there is a second packaging
layer 270 between the cell string 200 and the base plate 210. The
second packaging layer 270 may improve tightness of packaging.
[0089] It may be appreciated that the cell string 200 may be
directly placed on the base plate 210; or there may be a functional
layer and/or a second packaging layer between the cell string 200
and the base plate 210.
[0090] For technical solutions about a particular position of the
functional layer 240 in the first sealed space, the following
examples are mainly included:
[0091] Example One: with reference to FIG. 8, the perovskite film
layer 201 has a first surface 206 away from the base plate, the
first surface 206 including a central region 208 and a peripheral
region 207. The functional layer 240 is attached to a side surface
of the perovskite film layer 201, the first surface 206 of the
peripheral area 207 and a side surface of the conductive glass 202.
The perovskite film layer 201 is arranged as being closely attached
to the conductive glass 202, thus the functional layer 240 is
further formed on the side surface of the conductive glass 202,
thereby improving the tightness of the package.
[0092] Example Two: with reference to FIG. 9, the photovoltaic
module further includes a separation layer 260 located on the side
surface of the perovskite film layer 201, the first surface 206 of
the peripheral area 207 and the side surface of the conductive
glass 202. The separation layer 260 is located between the
functional layer 240 and the cell string 200.
[0093] Example Three: with reference to FIG. 10, the functional
layer 240 is further located on the first surface 206 of the
central region 208 of the perovskite film layer 201.
[0094] Example Four: with reference to FIG. 11, the functional
layer 240 is arranged as surrounding the second packaging layer
270, the perovskite film layer 201 and the conductive glass 202.
The functional layer 240, the base plate 210 and the cover plate
220 form a second sealed space.
[0095] Example Five: with reference to FIG. 12, the functional
layer 240 is located at corner junction regions between the first
packaging layer 230 and the cover plate 220, and between the first
packaging layer 230 and the base plate 210.
[0096] Example Six: with reference to FIG. 13, the functional layer
240 is further located on an inner wall surface of the first
packaging layer 230 facing the cell string 200.
[0097] Example Seven: with reference to FIG. 14, the functional
layer 240 fills the first sealed space. At this time, the
functional layer 240 completely covers the cell string 200.
[0098] To sum up, the base plate 210 of the photovoltaic module
provided in this embodiment is a bearing board. A second packaging
layer 270 or a functional layer 240 may be provided between the
bearing board and the cell string 200 to improve the tightness of
the package. In addition, the functional layer 240 in the first
sealed space can absorb moisture in the first sealed space, and can
further be converted into a solidified layer after moisture
absorption, preventing intrusion of moisture, thereby prolonging
service life of the cell string 200.
[0099] A third embodiment of the present disclosure provides a
photovoltaic module substantially identical with the photovoltaic
module provided in the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
The photovoltaic module includes: a base plate, a cover plate, a
cell string, a first packaging layer, a second packaging layer and
a functional layer. A main difference between this embodiment and
previous embodiments lies in that the photovoltaic module provided
in this embodiment includes a moisture detection layer. For
identical or similar portions of the photovoltaic module between
this embodiment and the first and second embodiments, the first and
second embodiments may be referred to and the content is not
repeated here. FIGS. 15-16 are schematic diagrams showing
structures of a photovoltaic module provided this embodiment.
[0100] With reference to FIGS. 15-16, a base plate 310 of a
conductive base plate is taken as an example. It may be appreciated
that the base plate 310 may alternatively be a bearing board. There
is no limitation to a base plate in this embodiment.
[0101] A moisture detection layer 380 is located within a sealed
space. It is detected and determined whether there is moisture in
the sealed space through response information of the moisture
detection layer 380. Therefore, when moisture enters the sealed
space, the moisture detection layer 380 can detect the moisture
quickly so that an operator may perform re-packaging on the
photovoltaic module according to the response information.
[0102] The response information may be color information or
photoelectrical information. The color information is taken as an
example. The response information includes a first response
information and a second response information. The first response
information is that color remains unchanged, i.e., no moisture
enters the sealed space. The second response information is that
the color changes, i.e., moisture enters the sealed space.
Therefore, if the response information of the moisture detection
layer 380 is the second response information, the operator performs
re-packaging on the photovoltaic module.
[0103] The moisture detection layer 380 includes a moisture
absorption color changeable layer, a moisture-sensitive resistor or
a moisture-sensitive sensor.
[0104] The moisture absorption color changeable layer changes its
color after absorbing moisture. According to the change state of
color, it may be determined whether there is moisture in the sealed
space. In addition, a particular position of the moisture may be
determined according to a particular position of color change of
the moisture absorption color changeable layer. Therefore, the
operator may locate the position of the moisture and perform
re-packaging on the photovoltaic module in regard to the position
where the moisture enters.
[0105] Materials for the moisture absorption color changeable layer
may be: copper sulfate, cobalt chloride, methylene amines or
organic phenols.
[0106] Resistance of the moisture-sensitive resistor may change
after absorbing moisture, and based on the change, it may be
determined whether there is moisture in the sealed space. In
addition, a plurality of moisture-sensitive resistors may be
arranged in the sealed space as separated from each other. A
particular position of the moisture may be determined in regard to
resistance changes of the moisture-sensitive resistors in different
positions.
[0107] The moisture-sensitive sensor may detect humidity change and
convert the humidity to a signal to be sent out. Based on the
signal, it may be determined whether there is moisture in the
sealed space. In addition, a plurality of moisture-sensitive
sensors may be arranged in the sealed space as separated from each
other. A particular position of the moisture may be determined in
regard to signals of the moisture-sensitive sensors in different
positions.
[0108] For positions of the moisture detection layer 380 in the
sealed space, the following examples are mainly included:
[0109] Example One: with reference to FIG. 15, a moisture detection
layer 380 is located within a space defined by a first packaging
layer 330 and a functional layer 340, and a covering cover plate
320 faces an inner wall of the sealed space. In addition, a cell
string 300 is further covered with a second packaging layer 370,
and the moisture detection layer 380 is further located on the
second packaging layer 370.
[0110] Example Two: with reference to FIG. 16, a moisture detection
layer 380 is located on an inner wall of a first packaging layer
330, and covers a corner junction region between the first
packaging layer 330 and a cover plate 320 and a base plate 310. In
addition, a cell string 300 is further covered with a second
packaging layer 370, and the moisture detection layer 380 is
further located on a side wall of the second packaging layer
370.
[0111] It shall be noted that the moisture detection layer 380 may
further be located at another position in the sealed space. A
position of the moisture detection layer 380 is not limited in this
embodiment.
[0112] To sum up, the photovoltaic module provided in this
embodiment has a moisture detection layer capable of detecting and
locating moisture in a sealed space. Therefore, an operator may
perform re-packaging on the photovoltaic module according to
response information of the moisture detection layer, so as to
prevent a cell string from being damaged by moisture.
[0113] A fourth embodiment of the present disclosure provides a
manufacturing method for a photovoltaic module. FIG. 17 is a
flowchart showing a manufacturing method of a photovoltaic module
provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0114] With reference to FIG. 17 and FIGS. 1-7, at step S400, a
base plate 110, a cell string 100 and a cover plate 120 are
provided. The cell string 100 is stacked on the base plate 110.
[0115] In this embodiment, the base plate 110 may be a conductive
substrate, the cell string 100 is a perovskite solar cell film
layer. The cell string 100 is attached to the surface of the base
plate 110, the cell string 100 includes a plurality of perovskite
solar cells, and the conductive substrate may be conductive glass
of the plurality of perovskite solar cells.
[0116] In another embodiment, a base plate may be a bearing board,
a cell string may include a plurality of perovskite solar cells,
and the cell string includes a conductive substrate and a
perovskite solar cell film layer. The cell string may be attached
to the base plate, or a functional layer and/or second packaging
layer may be arranged between the cell string and the base
plate.
[0117] It shall be noted that manufacturing of a photovoltaic
module shall be performed in inert gas to prevent moisture in the
outside from damaging the cell string 100.
[0118] At step S401, a first packaging layer 130 is formed on the
base plate 110 and around the cell string 100, and a functional
layer 140 is formed on the base plate 110.
[0119] Before forming the functional layer 140, the manufacturing
method further includes: preprocessing the material for the
functional layer 140 to improve adhesion of the material for the
functional layer 140. A reason mainly lies in that the material for
the functional layer 140 has a certain flowability before absorbing
moisture, and the preprocessing on the material for the functional
layer 140 may reduce the flowability of the functional layer 140,
thereby improving evenness of thickness of the functional layer 140
and ensuring a result of a second packaging.
[0120] In particular, the material for the functional layer 140 may
be mixed with additives such as catalyst, filler and plasticizer
into paste or half-solidified liquid in inert gas or vacuum.
[0121] A height of the first packaging layer 130 is higher than a
height of the cell string 100 in order to guarantee that the cell
string 100 is in a space completely sealed after the cover plate
120 is placed.
[0122] It may be appreciated that an order of forming the first
packaging layer 130 and the functional layer 140 is not fixed, but
need to be adjusted according to a particular position arranged for
the functional layer 140.
[0123] For a technical solution for forming the first packaging
layer 130 and the functional layer 140, there may mainly be the
following examples:
[0124] Example One: with reference to FIGS. 1-4 and 7, the
functional layer 140 is formed earlier than the first packaging
layer 130.
[0125] The cell string 100 has a first surface 101 and a second
surface 102 opposite to each other and a side surface 103
connecting the first surface 101 and the second surface 102, the
first surface 101 is away from the base plate 110, and the second
surface 102 faces the base plate 110. The first surface 101
includes a central region 105 and a peripheral region 104
surrounding the center region 105.
[0126] For a technical solution that the functional layer 140 is
formed earlier than the first packaging layer 130, there may mainly
be the following examples:
[0127] In a first implementation, with reference to FIG. 1, a step
of forming the functional layer 140 includes forming the functional
layer 140 on the side surface 103 and the first surface 101 of the
peripheral region 104. That is, the side surface 103 and the first
surface 101 of the peripheral region 104 may be directly coated
with the material for the functional layer 140.
[0128] In a second implementation, with reference to FIG. 2, before
the functional layer 140 is formed, a separation layer 160 may be
formed on the side surface 103 and the first surface 101 of the
peripheral region 104. That is, the side surface 103 and the first
surface 101 of the peripheral region 104 may be first coated with
the material for the separation layer 160. After the separation
layer 160 is formed, the surface of the separation layer 160 may be
coated with the material for the functional layer 140.
[0129] In a third implementation, with reference to FIG. 3, the
functional layer 140 may further be formed on the first surface 101
of the central region 105, or the separation layer 160 may be first
formed on the first surface 101 of the central region 105, and then
the functional layer 140 may be formed on the separation layer 160
of the central region 105.
[0130] With further reference to FIGS. 1-3, after the functional
layer 140 is formed, the cell string 100 may be coated around with
the material for the first packaging layer 130 on the base plate
110 to form the first packaging layer 130.
[0131] It shall be noted that before the first packaging layer 130
is formed, a second packaging layer 170 may be formed on the base
plate 110. In particular, the second packaging layer 170 is laid on
the cell string 100, and the second packaging layer 170 shall
completely cover the cell string 100 and the functional layer
140.
[0132] In a fourth implementation, with reference to FIG. 4, the
second packaging layer 170 is formed on the first surface of the
cell string 100. The functional layer 140 is formed around the cell
string 100 and the second packaging layer 170 on the base plate
110. The first packaging layer 130 is formed around the functional
layer 140 on the base plate 110.
[0133] In a fifth implementation, with reference to FIG. 7, the
surface of the cell string 100 is coated with the functional layer
140, and the first packaging layer 130 is formed around the
functional layer 140 on the base plate 110. That is, the functional
layer 140 fills a space formed by the first packaging layer
130.
[0134] Example Two: with reference to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the first
packaging layer 130 is formed earlier than the functional layer
140.
[0135] In a first implementation, with reference to FIG. 5, the
first packaging layer 130 is first formed around the cell string
100 on the base plate 110, and partial inner wall surface of the
first packaging layer 130 facing the cell string 100 on the base
plate 110 is coated, i.e., only partial inner wall bordering with
the base plate 110 is coated. Then the inner wall bordering with
the cover plate 120 is coated to form the functional layer 140.
[0136] In a second implementation, with reference to FIG. 6, the
first packaging layer 130 is formed around the cell string 100 on
the base plate 110, and then the inner surface of the first
packaging layer 130 facing the cell sting 100 is coated to form the
functional layer 140.
[0137] It may be appreciated that before the first packaging layer
130 is formed, the second packaging layer 170 may further be laid
on the base plate 110, the second packaging layer 170 covering the
cell string 100 completely.
[0138] At step S402, the cover plate 120 is placed on the cell
string 100, so that the cover plate 120, the base plate 110 and the
first packaging layer 130 define a sealed space, the functional
layer 140 is located within the sealed space.
[0139] At step S403, lamination is performed.
[0140] A lamination temperature shall not be higher than
150.degree. C., for which reasons are: firstly, high-temperature
resistance of perovskite is poor; secondly, the material for the
functional layer 140 may be affected by a high temperature,
resulting in cross linking, thereby degrading performance of
moisture absorption. Therefore, a lamination temperature under
150.degree. C. would ensure that performances of perovskite and the
functional layer 140 are not damaged.
[0141] It may be appreciated that a packaging temperature may be
determined according to particular materials for the first
packaging layer 130, the second packaging layer 170 and the
functional layer 140.
[0142] To sum up, in this embodiment, steps of forming the first
packaging layer 130, the second packaging layer 170 and the
functional layer 140 may be adjusted according to particular
positions of the first packaging layer 130 and the functional layer
140, so that the functional layer 140 is located within a sealed
space defined by the first packaging layer 130, the cover plate 120
and the base plate 110, ensuring that the functional layer 140 is
converted to a solidified layer after absorbing moisture, thereby
improving packaging effect of the photovoltaic module.
[0143] A fifth embodiment of the present disclosure provides a
photovoltaic module substantially identical with the photovoltaic
module provided in the previous embodiments, but a main difference
lies in: in the fifth embodiment, because the functional layer is
converted into a solidified layer after absorbing moisture, the
photovoltaic module has a solidified layer rather than a functional
layer. It may be appreciated that limitation on the position of the
functional layer in the previous embodiments also applies to the
solidified layer. A limitation on a particular position of the
solidified layer is not stated in detail in the following to avoid
repetition. In the following, the photovoltaic module provided in
the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure is described with
reference to the drawings.
[0144] With reference to FIG. 18, in this embodiment, the
photovoltaic module includes: a base plate 510, a cell string 500
and a cover plate 520 stacked in order; a first packaging layer 530
located between the base plate 510 and the cover plate 520 and
surrounding the cell string 500, the first packaging layer 530, the
base plate 510 and the cover plate 520 defining a third sealed
space 570; and a solidified layer 540 located within the third
sealed space 570. A material for the solidified layer 540 may be a
material converted from a hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material
after absorbing moisture.
[0145] For particular description on the base plate 510, the cell
string 500, the cover plate 520 and the first packing layer 530,
the previous embodiments may be referred to and is not repeated
here.
[0146] Herein, the solidified layer 540 is at least located between
the first packing layer 530 and the cell string 500. For a
particular position of the solidified layer 540, the limitation on
the position of the functional layer in the previous embodiments
also applies to the solidified layer 540.
[0147] In particular, the material for the solidified layer 540 may
either be a material converted from a hydrolyzable and
crosslinkable material after absorbing moisture, or a hydrolyzable
and crosslinkable material. In addition, degrees of cross linking
vary in different regions of the solidified layer 540. For example,
a degree of cross linking of the solidified layer 540 facing the
cover plate and the first packaging layer 530 is greater than that
of a region facing the cell string 500. The degrees of cross
linking of the solidified layer 540 may alternatively be identical
in different regions.
[0148] In the photovoltaic module, the solidified layer 540 may
serve as a second packaging function on the cell string 500, which
is advantageous for further improving tightness of the cell
string.
[0149] A sixth embodiment of the present disclosure provides a
photovoltaic module. With reference to FIGS. 19-27, the
photovoltaic module includes: a base plate 610, a cell string 600
and a cover plate 620 stacked in order; a first packaging layer 630
located between the base plate 610 and the cover plate 620 and
surrounding the cell string 600, the first packaging layer 630, the
base plate 610 and the cover plate 620 defining a first sealed
space; a moisture detection layer 640 located in the first sealed
space. It is detected and determined whether there is moisture in
the first sealed space through response information of the moisture
detection layer 640.
[0150] A further description is provided in details in the
following with reference to the drawings.
[0151] In this embodiment, the base plate 610 may be a conductive
substrate, and the cell string 600 may include a plurality of
perovskite solar cells. That is, in this embodiment, the base plate
610 can not only bear the cell string 600, but also can serve as an
anode to collect electrons generated by the cell string 600 after
light exposure. The base plate 610 may be fluorine-doped tin oxide
conductive glass or indium tin oxide conductive glass. That is, the
base plate 610 may be taken as conductive glass of the cell string
600.
[0152] In this embodiment, the cell string 600 is a perovskite
solar cell film layer including such structures as a hole transport
layer, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer and a metal
electrode. When exposed to sunlight, the perovskite layer first
absorbs photons to generate electron-hole pairs. Un-recombined
electrons and holes are separately collected by the electron
transport layer and the hole transport layer. That is, the
electrons are transmitted from the perovskite layer to the electron
transport layer and finally collected by the base plate 610; the
holes are transmitted from the perovskite layer to the hole
transport layer and finally collected by the metal electrode. At
last, photocurrent is generated through a circuit connecting the
base plate 610 and the metal electrode. Because a perovskite
material has a low carrier recombination probability and a high
carrier transferring rate, a diffusion distance and a life of a
carrier are relatively long. Therefore, the perovskite solar cell
has a high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
[0153] In another embodiment, the cell string may further include
such cell film layers as gallium arsenide, copper indium selenium
or cadmium telluride layers.
[0154] It may be appreciated that the cell string 600 is of a cell
structure formed by a plurality of solar cells connected in
parallel or in series.
[0155] In this embodiment, the cover plate 620 may be glass. In
another embodiment, the cover plate may be transparent plastic.
[0156] The first packaging layer 630 may be located between the
base plate 610 and the cover plate 620, surrounding the cell string
600. The first packaging layer 630, the base plate 610 and the
cover plate 620 define a first sealed space.
[0157] A material for the first packaging layer 630 may be a
moisture-solidified material, a light-solidified material or an
additive-curing material, for example, polyisobutylene, polyolefin
or polyurethane. Because the perovskite solar cell is not resistant
to a high temperature, temperature should not be too high during a
lamination process of the photovoltaic module. If the first
packaging layer 630 is a thermos-solidified material, it is
difficult for the temperature during the lamination process to
reach a temperature at which the first packaging layer 630 is
solidified, thus the first packaging layer 630 may not be
solidified completely, resulting in inadequate packaging.
Therefore, the moisture-solidified material, the light-solidified
material or the additive-curing material are used for the first
packaging layer 630 to avoid the above problem. In this way, the
first packaging layer 630 may be solidified well without a high
temperature.
[0158] A width of the first packaging layer 630 in a direction
parallel to a surface of the base plate 610 is 3 mm-500 mm. It
shall be noted that if a width of the first packaging layer 630 is
too small, it would be easy for a problem of inadequate packaging
to occur; but if the width is too large, an area of the
photovoltaic module would be increased. Therefore, the above two
problems may be avoided if the width of the first packaging layer
630 is 3 mm-500 mm.
[0159] With reference to FIGS. 19 to 24 and 26 to 27, in this
embodiment, the first sealed space may be further filled with a
second packaging layer 670.
[0160] The second packaging layer 670 may further enhance sealing
to avoid moisture intrusion.
[0161] A material for the second packaging layer 670 differs from
that of the first packaging layer 630, and may be an ethylene vinyl
acetate (EVA) film layer.
[0162] In another embodiment, the material for the second packaging
layer 670 may be identical with that of the first packaging layer
630. Alternatively, there may not be a second packaging layer in
the first sealed space, i.e., there is a gap in the first sealed
space.
[0163] The response information of the moisture detection layer 640
may be color information or photoelectrical information. The color
information is taken as an example. The response information
includes a first response information and a second response
information. The first response information is that color remains
unchanged. The second response information is that color changes.
If there is no moisture in the first sealed space, the moisture
detection layer 640 sends out or displays the first response
information. If a problem that packaging is not tight or a material
ages occurs to the first packaging layer 630 or the second
packaging layer 670, moisture enters the first sealed space, and
the moisture detection layer sends out or displays the second
response information. Therefore, an operator may determine whether
there is moisture in the first sealed space according to the
response information of the moisture detection layer 640. If there
is moisture, the photovoltaic module is re-packaged, thereby
preventing the cell string 600 from being decomposed or ceasing to
be effective in moisture.
[0164] The moisture detection layer 640 is further adaptive to
locate a position where the moisture is located in the first sealed
space. In particular, the moisture detection layer 640 may be
arranged in different positions of the first sealed space, and the
positions of the moisture may be located according to detection
results at different positions of the moisture detection layer
640.
[0165] In this embodiment, the moisture detection layer 640
includes a moisture absorption color changeable layer. The moisture
absorption color changeable layer changes its color after absorbing
moisture. According to the change state of color, it may be
determined whether there is moisture in the first sealed space. In
addition, a particular position of the moisture may be determined
according to a particular position of color change of the moisture
absorption color changeable layer. Materials for the moisture
absorption color changeable layer may be: copper sulfate, cobalt
chloride, methylene amines or organic phenols. Take copper sulfate
for example, the copper sulfate is grey-white before absorbing
water, but is blue after absorbing water. Therefore, when the
moisture absorption color changeable layer changes from white to
blue, the operator may determine that there is moisture in the
first sealed space and perform re-packaging on the photovoltaic
module.
[0166] In another embodiment, the moisture detection layer 640 may
further be a moisture-sensitive resistor or a moisture-sensitive
sensor. Resistance of the moisture-sensitive resistor may change
after absorbing moisture, and based on the change, it may be
determined whether there is moisture in the first sealed space. The
moisture-sensitive sensor may convert humidity to a signal to be
sent out. Based on the signal, it may be determined whether there
is moisture in the first sealed space. In addition, a plurality of
moisture-sensitive resistors or moisture-sensitive sensors may be
arranged in the first sealed space as separated from each other. A
particular position of the moisture may be determined in regard to
resistance value changes of the moisture-sensitive resistors or
signal changes of the moisture-sensitive sensors in different
positions.
[0167] Technical solutions for particular positions of the moisture
detection layer 640 in the first sealed space, the following
examples are mainly included:
[0168] Example One: with reference to FIG. 19, the cell string 600
has a first surface 601 and a second surface 602 opposite each
other, and a side surface 603 connecting the first surface 601 and
the second surface 602, the first surface 601 is away from the base
plate 610, and the second surface 602 faces the base plate 610; and
the first surface 601 includes a central region 605 and a
peripheral region 604 surrounding the central region 605, and the
moisture treatment layer 640 is located on the side surface 603 and
on a first surface 601 of the peripheral region 604; the moisture
treatment layer 640 is attached to the side surface 603 and the
first surface 601 of the peripheral region 604.
[0169] Example Two: with reference to FIG. 20, the photovoltaic
module further includes a separation layer 660 located on the side
surface 603 and the first surface 601 of the peripheral region 604,
and the separation layer 660 is located between the moisture
detection layer 640 and the cell string 600.
[0170] The separation layer 660 can further improve tightness of
the package, and the separation layer 660 can also separate the
moisture detection layer 640 from the cell string 600. If the
material used for the moisture detection layer 640 may react with
the material for the cell string 600, the separation layer 660 can
prevent the moisture detection layer 640 from having an adverse
effect on the cell string 600 and improve life of the cell string
600. A material for the separation layer 660 may be an EVA
film.
[0171] Example Three: Example Three: with reference to FIG. 21, the
moisture detection layer 640 is further located on the first
surface 601 of the central region 605. That is, the moisture
detection layer 640 is located on the side surface 603 and the
first surface 601 of the cell string 600. A separation layer 660 is
further included between the moisture detection layer 640 and the
cell string 600. It may be appreciated that the moisture detection
layer 640 can further be directly attached to the side surface 603
and the first surface 601 of the cell string 600, that is, there is
no separation layer 660 between the moisture detection layer 640
and the cell string 600.
[0172] Example Four: with reference to FIG. 22, the moisture
detection layer 640 is arranged around the cell string 600, and the
moisture detection layer 640, the base plate 610 and the cover 620
define a second sealed space. That is, the moisture detection layer
640 is arranged around the side surface 603 of the cell string 600
and encloses the cell string 600 in the second sealed space.
[0173] The moisture detection layer 640 may be arranged close to a
side surface of the cell string 600, or there may be a gap between
the moisture detection layer 640 and the side surface of the cell
string 600; or there may be a separation layer between the moisture
detection layer 640 and the side surface 603 of the cell string
600.
[0174] Example Five: with reference to FIG. 23, there are corner
junction regions between the first packaging layer 630 and the base
plate 610, and between the first packaging layer 630 and the cover
plate 620, and the moisture detection layer 640 is located at least
in the corner junction regions. That is, the moisture detection
layer 640 covers a boundary between the first packaging layer 630
and the cover plate 620 and the base plate 610.
[0175] Example Six: with reference to FIG. 24, the moisture
detection layer 640 is further located on an inner wall surface of
the first packaging layer 630 facing the cell string 600.
[0176] Example Seven: with reference to FIG. 25, the moisture
detection layer 640 fills the first sealed space. At this time, the
moisture detection layer 640 completely covers the cell string 600,
and the moisture detection layer 640 has a great thickness and can
perform sealing well.
[0177] It shall be noted that in the Examples One to Seven, the
moisture detection layer 640 is at least located between the first
packaging layer 630 and the cell string 600. If the first packaging
layer 630 or the second packaging layer 670 is not packaged tightly
or their packaging ages, a position between the first packaging
layer 630 and the cell string 600 is the first position where
moisture enters. Therefore, by arranging the moisture detection
layer 640 between the first packaging layer 630 and the cell string
600, a speed of moisture detection can be increased.
[0178] Example Eight: with reference to FIG. 26, the moisture
detection layer 640 is located between the cell string 600 and the
cover plate 620.
[0179] Example Nine: with reference to FIG. 27, there are a
plurality of separated moisture detection layers 640 in the first
sealed space, and each of the moisture detection layers 640 is a
moisture detection point. Therefore, by detecting moisture through
a color change of each moisture detection point, a position of the
moisture may be accurately determined.
[0180] To sum up, there is a moisture detection layer 640 in the
first sealed space of the photovoltaic module in this embodiment.
It is detected and determined whether there is moisture in the
first sealed space through response information of the moisture
detection layer 640. In addition, the moisture detection layer 640
may locate a particular position of the moisture in the first
sealed space. Therefore, the operator may perform re-packaging on
the photovoltaic module according to the response information of
the moisture detection layer 640, thereby preventing the cell
string 600 from being decomposed and ceasing to work.
[0181] A seventh embodiment of the present disclosure provides a
photovoltaic module substantially identical with the photovoltaic
module provided in the sixth embodiment, but differs in that in
this embodiment, a base plate is a bearing board and a cell string
includes a plurality of perovskite solar cells. In this embodiment,
the sixth embodiment may be referred to for portions identical or
similar to the photovoltaic module provided in the six embodiment,
and content of the portions is not repeated. FIGS. 27-34 are
schematic diagrams showing structures of a photovoltaic module
provided in this embodiment.
[0182] Detailed description is provided in the following with
reference to the drawings.
[0183] With reference to FIGS. 28-36, the photovoltaic module
includes: a base plate 710, a cell string 700 and a cover plate 720
stacked in order; a first packaging layer 730 located between the
base plate 710 and the cover plate 720 and surrounding the cell
string 700, the first packaging layer 730, the base plate 710 and
the cover plate 720 defining a first sealed space; a moisture
detection layer 740 located in the first sealed space. It is
detected and determined whether there is moisture in the first
sealed space through response information of the moisture detection
layer 740.
[0184] In this embodiment, the base plate 710 is a bearing board
and the cell string 700 includes a plurality of perovskite solar
cells. That is, the base plate 710 is adaptive to bear a cell
string but does not have a function of collecting electrons. The
base plate 710 may be glass or transparent plastic.
[0185] The cell string 700 includes a conductive glass 702 and a
perovskite solar cell film layer 701. As an anode of the perovskite
solar cell, the conductive glass 702 is used for collecting
electrons.
[0186] With reference to FIGS. 28-34, there is a second packaging
layer 770 between the cell string 700 and the base plate 710. The
second packaging layer 770 may improve tightness of packaging.
[0187] It may be appreciated that the cell string 700 may be
directly placed on the base plate 710; or that there may be a
moisture detection layer and/or a second packaging layer between
the cell string 700 and the base plate 710.
[0188] For technical solutions about a particular position of the
moisture detection layer 740 in the first sealed space, the
following examples are mainly included:
[0189] Example One: with reference to FIG. 28, the perovskite film
layer 701 has a first surface 706 away from the base plate 710 and
a second surface 709 facing the base plate 710, the first surface
706 including a central region 708 and a peripheral region 707. The
moisture detection layer 740 is attached to a side surface of the
perovskite film layer 701, the first surface 706 of the peripheral
area 707 and a side surface of the conductive glass 702. The
perovskite film layer 701 is arranged as being closely attached to
the conductive glass 702, thus the moisture detection layer 740 is
further formed on the side surface of the conductive glass 702,
thereby improving accuracy of moisture detection around the
perovskite film layer 701.
[0190] Example Two: with reference to FIG. 29, the photovoltaic
module further includes a separation layer 760 located on the side
surface of the perovskite film layer 701, the first surface 706 of
the peripheral area 707 and the side surface of the conductive
glass 702. The separation layer 760 is located between the moisture
detection layer 740 and the cell string 700.
[0191] Example Three: with reference to FIG. 30, the moisture
detection layer 740 is further located on the first surface 706 of
the central region 708 of the perovskite film layer 701.
[0192] Example Four: with reference to FIG. 31, the moisture
detection layer 740 is arranged as surrounding the second packaging
layer 770, the perovskite film layer 701 and the conductive glass
702. The moisture detection layer 740, the base plate 710 and the
cover plate 720 define a second sealed space.
[0193] Example Five: with reference to FIG. 32, the moisture
detection layer 740 is located at corner junction regions between
the first packaging layer 730 and the cover plate 720, and between
the first packaging layer 730 and the base plate 710.
[0194] Example Six: with reference to FIG. 33, the moisture
detection layer 740 is further located on an inner wall surface of
the first packaging layer 730 facing the cell string 700.
[0195] Example Seven: with reference to FIG. 34, there are a
plurality of moisture detection layers 740 arranged separately in
the first sealed space and each of the moisture detection layers
740 is a moisture detection point. Therefore, through color changes
of moisture detection points in different positions, a particular
position of the moisture may be accurately determined.
[0196] Example Eight: with reference to FIG. 35, the moisture
detection layer 740 is located between the cell string 700 and the
base plate 710 to locate moisture here. It shall be noted that
because light enters the cell string 700 at a side of the base
plate 710, the moisture detection layer 740 located between the
base plate 710 and the cell string 700 shall be high in light
transparency rate, thereby avoiding the reduction of a light
absorption rate of the cell string 700.
[0197] Example Nine: with reference to FIG. 36, the moisture
detection layer 740 fills the first sealed space. At this time, the
moisture detection layer 740 completely covers the cell string
700.
[0198] To sum up, the base plate 710 of the photovoltaic module
provided in this embodiment is a bearing board. A second packaging
layer 770 may be provided between the bearing board and the cell
string 700 to improve the tightness of the package. The moisture
detection layer 740 may be arranged between the bearing board and
the cell string 700, so as to locate moisture here, thereby
prompting an operator to perform re-packaging on the photovoltaic
module.
[0199] An eighth embodiment of the present disclosure provides a
photovoltaic module substantially identical with the photovoltaic
module provided in the sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment.
The photovoltaic module includes: a base plate, a cover plate, a
cell string, a first packaging layer, a second packaging layer and
a moisture detection layer. A main difference between this
embodiment and previous embodiments lies in that the photovoltaic
module provided in this embodiment includes a functional layer. For
identical or similar portions of the photovoltaic module between
this embodiment and the sixth and seventh embodiments, the sixth
and seventh embodiments may be referred to and the content is not
repeated here. FIGS. 37-38 are schematic diagrams showing
structures of a photovoltaic module provided this embodiment.
[0200] With reference to FIGS. 37-38, a base plate 810 of a
conductive substrate is taken as an example. It may be appreciated
that the base plate 810 may be a bearing board. There is no
limitation to a base plate in this embodiment.
[0201] A functional layer 880 is located within a sealed space. The
functional layer 880 is adaptive to absorb moisture in the sealed
space and be converted into a solidified layer having a degree of
cross linking greater than a degree of cross linking of the
functional layer. If either the first packaging layer 830 or the
second packaging layer 870 is not packaged adequately or has aged
material, the functional layer 880 may absorb moisture and be
converted into a solidified layer. That is, the functional layer
880 may perform packaging on the cell string 800 for a second time,
thereby preventing the cell string 800 from being decomposed or
ceasing to be effective in moisture.
[0202] The degree of cross linking is further called cross linking
index or cross linking density, and may be used to represent a
degree of cross linking of a molecular chain. In particular, the
degree of cross linking density refers to a fraction taken by a
cross-linked structural unit of an entire structural unit. The
degree of cross linking is proportional with the amount of cross
link bonds: the greater the degree of cross linking, the more cross
link bonds in a unit volume and the greater the cross linking
density.
[0203] In this embodiment, a material for the functional layer 880
may be a hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material that can absorb
moisture entering into the sealed space and that may have a
cross-linking reaction after absorbing moisture. In this way,
viscosity and compactness of the material are increased, and the
second packaging may be performed.
[0204] The hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material may be silane
modified polyurethane or silicone. In addition, the hydrolyzable
and crosslinkable material may be either a single-component
hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material or a double-component
hydrolyzable and crosslinkable material.
[0205] In another embodiment, apart from the hydrolyzable and
crosslinkable material, materials for the functional layer may
further include a material that is already hydrolyzed and
cross-linked.
[0206] For silane-modified polyurethane, a prepolymer thereof has
an aminosilane end cap, and the prepolymer reacting with external
moisture may produce a cross-linked network structure. In addition,
an organic functional silane has multiple functions. Firstly, the
silane acts as an adhesion promoter to improve bonding; secondly,
in a crosslinking process, the silane can accelerate a
reaction.
[0207] For silicone, a main polymer chain thereof is composed of
silicon-oxygen-silicon bonds, and does not contain a structure that
may be polymerized by heating. That is, even at a high temperature,
silicone is not prone to polymerize. Therefore, in subsequent use
or packaging, silicone is not easily affected by temperature and
can maintain good moisture absorption and crosslinking
properties.
[0208] It may be appreciated that different hydrolyzable and
crosslinkable materials for the functional layer 880 may enable the
functional layer 880 to have different reactions internally when
the functional layer is converting to a solidified layer. For
example, the functional layer 880 may have a hydrolysis reaction, a
polycondensation reaction, a cross-linking reaction, or an
oligomerization reaction and the like. For example, when the
material for the functional layer 880 is silane-modified
polyurethane, the functional layer 880 undergoes a cross-linking
reaction, and the number of Si--O--Si bonds in the solidified layer
is greater than the number of Si--O--Si bonds in the functional
layer 880. In another example, the compactness of the solidified
layer may further be greater than the compactness of the functional
layer.
[0209] In addition, it shall further be noted that the functional
layer 880 absorbs moisture in the sealed space and is converted
into a solidified layer, including: a partial region of the
functional layer 880 absorbs moisture to be converted into a
solidified layer. Alternatively, all of the functional layer 880
absorbs moisture to be converted into a solidified layer.
[0210] For technical solutions about a particular position of the
functional layer 880 in the sealed space, the following examples
are mainly included:
[0211] Example One: with reference to FIG. 37, a moisture detection
layer 840 is located on an inner wall of the first packaging layer
830 facing the cell string 800. The moisture detection layer 840,
the cover plate 820 and the base plate 810 define a sealed space,
and the functional layer 880 fills the closed space.
[0212] Example Two: with reference to FIG. 38, the functional layer
880 is located on an inner wall of the first packaging layer 830
facing the cell string 800. The functional layer 880, the cover
plate 820 and the base plate 810 define a sealed space, and the
sealed space is filled with the second packaging layer 870.
[0213] It may be appreciated that the functional layer 880 may
further be located at another position in the sealed space, and
this embodiment does not put a limitation to a position of the
functional layer 880.
[0214] To sum up, the functional layer 880 provided in this
embodiment has a functional layer 880 capable of absorbing moisture
in the sealed space and being converted into a solidified layer
after absorption to block moisture from entering the cell string
800, thereby implementing a second packaging. In addition, there is
the moisture detection layer 840 in the sealed space. The moisture
detection layer 840 can detect and locate a particular position of
moisture to facilitate an operator performing re-packaging on the
photovoltaic module.
[0215] A ninth embodiment of the present disclosure provides a
manufacturing method for a photovoltaic module. FIG. 39 is a
flowchart showing a manufacturing method of a photovoltaic module
provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0216] With reference to FIG. 39 and FIGS. 19-27, at step S900, the
base plate 610, the cell string 600 and the cover plate 620 are
provided. The cell string 600 is stacked on the base plate 610.
[0217] In this embodiment, the base plate 610 may be a conductive
substrate, the cell string 600 is a perovskite solar cell film
layer, and the cell string 600 is attached to the surface of the
base plate 610.
[0218] In another embodiment, a base plate 610 may be a bearing
board, a cell string 600 may include a plurality of perovskite
solar cells, and the cell string includes a conductive base plate
and a perovskite solar cell film layer. The cell string may be
attached to the base plate, or a functional layer and/or second
packaging layer may be arranged between the cell string and the
base plate.
[0219] It shall be noted that manufacturing of a photovoltaic
module shall be performed in inert gas to prevent moisture in the
outside from damaging the cell string.
[0220] At step S901, the first packaging layer 630 is formed on the
base plate 610 and around the cell string 600, and the moisture
detection layer 640 is formed on the base plate 610.
[0221] A height of the first packaging layer 630 is higher than a
height of the cell string 600 to guarantee that the cell string 600
is in a space completely sealed after the cover plate 620 is
placed.
[0222] In this embodiment, the moisture detection layer 640 is a
moisture absorption color changeable layer. In another embodiment,
a moisture detection layer may be a moisture-sensitive resistor or
a moisture-sensitive sensor.
[0223] It may be appreciated that an order of forming the first
packaging layer 630 and the moisture detection layer 640 is not
fixed, but need to be adjusted according to a particular position
arranged for the moisture detection layer 640.
[0224] For a technical solution for forming the first packaging
layer 630 and the moisture detection layer 640, there may mainly be
the following examples:
[0225] Example One: with reference to FIGS. 19-22 and 25-27, the
moisture detection layer 640 is formed earlier than the first
packaging layer 630.
[0226] The cell string 600 has a first surface 601 and a second
surface 602 opposite to each other and a side surface 603
connecting the first surface 601 and the second surface 602, the
first surface 601 is away from the base plate 610, and the second
surface 602 faces the base plate 610. The first surface 601
includes a central region 605 and a peripheral region 604
surrounding the center region 605.
[0227] For a technical solution that the moisture detection layer
640 is formed earlier than the first packaging layer 630, there may
mainly be the following examples:
[0228] In a first implementation, with reference to FIG. 19, a step
of forming the moisture detection layer 640 includes forming the
moisture detection layer 640 on the side surface 603 and the first
surface 601 of the peripheral region 604. That is, the side surface
603 and the first surface 601 of the peripheral region 604 may be
directly coated with the material for the moisture detection layer
640.
[0229] In a second implementation, with reference to FIG. 20,
before the moisture detection layer 640 is formed, a separation
layer 660 may be formed on the side surface 603 and the first
surface 601 of the peripheral region 604. That is, the side surface
603 and the first surface 601 of the peripheral region 604 may be
first coated with the material for the separation layer 660. After
the separation layer 660 is formed, the surface of the separation
layer 660 may be coated with the material for the moisture
detection layer 640.
[0230] In a third implementation, with reference to FIG. 21, the
moisture detection layer 640 may further be formed on the first
surface 601 of the central region 605, or the separation layer 660
may be first formed on the first surface 601 of the central region
605, and then the moisture detection layer 640 may be formed on the
separation layer 660 of the central region 605.
[0231] With further reference to FIGS. 19-21, after the moisture
detection layer 640 is formed, the cell string 600 may be coated
around with the material for the first packaging layer 630 on the
base plate 610 to form the first packaging layer 630.
[0232] It shall be noted that before the first packaging layer 630
is formed, a second packaging layer 670 may be formed on the base
plate 610. In particular, the second packaging layer 670 is laid on
the cell string 600, and the second packaging layer 670 shall
completely cover the cell string 600 and the moisture detection
layer 640.
[0233] In a fourth implementation, with reference to FIG. 22, the
second packaging layer 670 is formed on the first surface of the
cell string 600. The moisture detection layer 640 is formed around
the cell string 600 and the second packaging layer 670 on the base
plate 610. The first packaging layer 630 is formed around the
moisture detection layer 640 on the base plate 610.
[0234] In a fifth implementation, with reference to FIG. 25, the
surface of the cell string 600 is coated with the moisture
detection layer 640, and the first packaging layer 630 is formed
around the moisture detection layer 640 on the base plate 610. That
is, the moisture detection layer 640 fills a space formed by the
first packaging layer 630.
[0235] In a sixth implementation, with reference to FIG. 26, the
surface of the cell string 600 is covered with the second packaging
layer 670, the moisture detection layer 640 is formed on an upper
surface of the second packaging layer 670, and the first packaging
layer 630 is formed around the second packaging layer 670 and the
moisture detection layer 640 on the base plate 610.
[0236] In a seventh implementation, with reference to FIG. 27,
separated moisture detection layers 640 are arranged on the base
plate 610 and on the surface of the cell string 600. After the
moisture detection layer 640 is formed, the first packaging layer
630 is formed around the second packaging layer 670 and the
moisture detection layer 640 on the base plate 610.
[0237] Example Two, with reference to FIGS. 23 and 24, the first
packaging layer 630 is formed earlier than the moisture detection
layer 640.
[0238] In a first implementation, with reference to FIG. 23, the
first packaging layer 630 is first formed around the cell string
600 on the base plate 610, and partial inner wall surface of the
first packaging layer 630 facing the cell string 600 on the base
plate 610 is coated, i.e., only partial inner wall bordering with
the base plate 610 is coated. Then the inner wall bordering with
the cover plate 620 is coated to form the moisture detection layer
640.
[0239] In a second implementation, with reference to FIG. 24, the
first packaging layer 630 is formed around the cell string 600 on
the base plate 610, and then the inner surface of the first
packaging layer 630 facing the cell sting 600 is coated to form the
moisture detection layer 640.
[0240] It may be appreciated that before the first packaging layer
630 is formed, the second packaging layer 670 may further be laid
on the base plate 610, the second packaging layer 670 covering the
cell string 600 completely.
[0241] At step S902, the cover plate 620 is placed on the cell
string 600, so that the cover plate 620, the base plate 610 and the
first packaging layer 630 define a sealed space, the moisture
detection layer 640 is located within the sealed space.
[0242] At step S903, lamination is performed.
[0243] Because high-temperature resistance of perovskite is poor, a
lamination temperature shall not be higher than 150.degree. C.
[0244] It may be appreciated that a packaging temperature may be
determined according to particular materials for the first
packaging layer 630, the second packaging layer 670 and the
moisture detection layer 640.
[0245] To sum up, in this embodiment, steps of forming the first
packaging layer 630, the second packaging layer 670 and the
functional layer 640 may be adjusted according to particular
positions of the first packaging layer 630 and the functional layer
640, so that the functional layer 640 is located within a sealed
space defined by the first packaging layer 630, the cover plate 620
and the base plate 610, and ensuring that the functional layer 640
can detect and locate moisture in the sealed space.
[0246] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the
above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing
the present disclosure. In practice, various changes can be made in
form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the
present disclosure. Any person skilled in the art can make changes
and amendments without departing from the spirit and scope of the
present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present
disclosure should be subject to the scope defined in the
Claims.
* * * * *