U.S. patent application number 17/709739 was filed with the patent office on 2022-07-14 for facilitating fast return to stand alone advanced networks after voice fall back.
The applicant listed for this patent is AT&T Intellectual Property I, L.P.. Invention is credited to Ye Chen, Yupeng Jia, Hongyan Lei, Yonghui Tong, Wen Yang.
Application Number | 20220225177 17/709739 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000006241987 |
Filed Date | 2022-07-14 |
United States Patent
Application |
20220225177 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Lei; Hongyan ; et
al. |
July 14, 2022 |
FACILITATING FAST RETURN TO STAND ALONE ADVANCED NETWORKS AFTER
VOICE FALL BACK
Abstract
Facilitating fast return to stand alone advanced networks (e.g.,
5G, 6G, and beyond) after voice fall back is provided herein.
Operations of a method can comprise receiving, from a first network
device and by a second network device, a connection request that
comprises an indication of a fall back procedure. The fall back
procedure can be an "RRC release and redirect" or an "IRAT
Handover." The method also can comprise facilitating control of the
voice communication for the mobile device and triggering a release
of the control of the mobile device from the second network device
based on a determination that the voice communication has
completed. The fast return procedure can be either a "RRC release
and redirect` or an "IRAT handover." Further, the method can
comprise redirecting the mobile device to a third network device
selected based on a capability of the mobile device.
Inventors: |
Lei; Hongyan; (Plano,
TX) ; Tong; Yonghui; (Alpharetta, GA) ; Jia;
Yupeng; (Austin, TX) ; Chen; Ye; (Milton,
GA) ; Yang; Wen; (Bellevue, WA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
AT&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. |
Atlanta |
GA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000006241987 |
Appl. No.: |
17/709739 |
Filed: |
March 31, 2022 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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16867227 |
May 5, 2020 |
11310701 |
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17709739 |
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62950461 |
Dec 19, 2019 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04W 36/0022 20130101;
H04W 76/10 20180201 |
International
Class: |
H04W 36/00 20060101
H04W036/00; H04W 76/10 20060101 H04W076/10 |
Claims
1. A system, comprising: a processor; and a memory that stores
executable instructions that, when executed by the processor,
facilitate performance of operations, comprising: in response to a
determination that a defined event has occurred at a user
equipment, triggering a release of control of the user equipment
from first network equipment; and redirecting the user equipment to
second network equipment selected based on a capability of the user
equipment.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the defined event is one of a
group of events, the group comprising: completion of a voice
communication at the user equipment and the user equipment entering
an idle mode.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the voice communication is
initiated based on an evolved packet system fallback procedure from
third network equipment to the first network equipment, and wherein
the third network equipment is configured to operate according to a
fifth generation network communication protocol.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the third network equipment is
deployed in a standalone deployment architecture.
5. The system of claim 3, wherein the second network equipment and
the third network equipment are different network equipment.
6. The system of claim 3, wherein the second network equipment is
the third network equipment.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise:
training a model, based on machine learning, to perform the
triggering and the redirecting.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the operations further comprise:
prior to the triggering, evaluating an ability of the user
equipment to support communication with a defined band on a
standalone network.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the first network equipment is
configured to operate according to a long term evolution network
communication protocol, and wherein the second network equipment is
configured to operate according to a fifth generation network
communication protocol.
10. A method, comprising: in response to receiving a connection
request comprising an indication of a fall back procedure
associated with a voice communication for a user equipment that is
to occur, facilitating, by first network equipment comprising a
processor, control of the voice communication for the user
equipment; and in response to a determination that the voice
communication has completed at the user equipment, redirecting, by
the first network equipment, the user equipment to second network
equipment selected based on a capability of the user equipment.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the voice communication is
initiated based on an evolved packet system fallback procedure from
third network equipment to the first network equipment, and wherein
the third network equipment is configured to operate according to a
new radio network communication protocol.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the third network equipment is
deployed in a private deployment architecture.
13. The method of claim 10, further comprising: training, by the
first network equipment, based on machine learning, a model to
perform the redirecting.
14. The method of claim 10, further comprising: prior to the
triggering, evaluating, by the first network equipment, an ability
of the user equipment to support communication with a defined band
on a private network.
15. The method of claim 10, wherein the determination that the
voice communication has completed at the user equipment comprises
determining the user equipment has entered an idle mode.
16. A non-transitory machine-readable medium, comprising executable
instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate
performance of operations, comprising: determining an occurrence of
a defined event at a user equipment; triggering a release of
control of the user equipment from first network equipment; and
redirecting the user equipment to second network equipment selected
based on a capability of the user equipment.
17. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 16, wherein
the defined event is completion of a voice communication at the
user equipment or the user equipment entering an idle mode.
18. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 17, wherein
the voice communication is a voice communication redirected to the
first network equipment based on a fall back procedure.
19. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 16, wherein
the capability of the user equipment is an ability of the user
equipment to support communication with a defined band on a
standalone network.
20. The non-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 19, wherein
the redirecting comprises: determining that multiple advanced
network bands are supported by the user equipment; and selecting an
advanced network band from the multiple advanced network bands,
wherein the selecting is based on a second determination that the
advanced network band comprises a priority that satisfies a defined
priority level as compared to other advanced network bands of the
multiple advanced network bands other than the advanced network
band.
Description
RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The subject patent application is a continuation of, and
claims priority to each of, U.S. patent application Ser. No.
16/867,227, filed May 5, 2020, and entitled "FACILITATING FAST
RETURN TO STAND ALONE ADVANCED NETWORKS AFTER VOICE FALL BACK,"
each of which applications claims the benefit of priority to U.S.
Provisional Application No. 62/950,461, filed Dec. 19, 2019, and
entitled "FACILITATING FAST RETURN TO STAND ALONE ADVANCED NETWORKS
AFTER VOICE FALL BACK," the entireties of all of which priority
applications are expressly incorporated herein by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] This disclosure relates generally to the field of mobile
communications and, more specifically, to returning control to a
stand-alone Fifth Generation (5G) or other advanced network after
voice fall back to another network.
BACKGROUND
[0003] To meet the huge demand for data centric applications, Third
Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) systems and systems that
employ one or more aspects of the specifications of the Fourth
Generation (4G) standard for wireless communications will be
extended to a Fifth Generation (5G) standard for wireless
communications. Unique challenges exist to provide levels of
service associated with forthcoming 5G, or other next generation,
standards for wireless communication.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0004] Various non-limiting embodiments are further described with
reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
[0005] FIG. 1 illustrates an example, non-limiting, representation
of a communication network showing a non-stand-alone mode and a
standalone mode for advanced communications networks;
[0006] FIG. 2 illustrates an example, non-limiting,
computer-implemented method for fast return to a standalone
advanced communications network in accordance with one or more
embodiments described herein;
[0007] FIG. 3 illustrates an example, non-limiting, radio resource
control release and redirect message in accordance with one or more
embodiments described herein;
[0008] FIG. 4 illustrates an example, non-limiting, portion of a
radio resource control connection request message in accordance
with one or more embodiments described herein;
[0009] FIG. 5 illustrates an example, non-limiting, system that
facilitates fast return to stand alone advanced networks after
voice fall back in accordance with one or more embodiments
described herein;
[0010] FIG. 6 illustrates an example, non-limiting, system that
redirects a mobile device after call fall back based on
capabilities of the mobile device in accordance with one or more
embodiments described herein;
[0011] FIG. 7 illustrates an example, non-limiting, system that
employs automated learning to facilitate one or more of the
disclosed aspects in accordance with one or more embodiments
described herein;
[0012] FIG. 8 illustrates a flow diagram of an example,
non-limiting, computer-implemented method for facilitating fast
return to stand alone advanced networks after voice fall back in
accordance with one or more embodiments described herein;
[0013] FIG. 9 illustrates a flow diagram of an example,
non-limiting, computer-implemented method for releasing a user
equipment device after voice fall back in accordance with one or
more embodiments described herein;
[0014] FIG. 10 illustrates a flow diagram of an example,
non-limiting, computer-implemented method for releasing a user
equipment device after voice fall back in accordance with one or
more embodiments described herein;
[0015] FIG. 11 illustrates an example block diagram of a
non-limiting embodiment of a mobile network platform in accordance
with various aspects described herein; and
[0016] FIG. 12 illustrates an example block diagram of an example
computer operable to engage in a system architecture that
facilitates wireless communications according to one or more
embodiments described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] One or more embodiments are now described more fully
hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
example embodiments are shown. In the following description, for
purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in
order to provide a thorough understanding of the various
embodiments. However, the various embodiments can be practiced
without these specific details (and without applying to any
particular networked environment or standard).
[0018] Described herein are systems, methods, articles of
manufacture, and other embodiments or implementations that can
facilitate fast return to stand alone advanced networks after voice
fall back. There are two modes for 5G deployment: NSA (Non
Standalone) and SA (Standalone). NSA is for initial 5G deployment
where the 5G data will use new 5G data carriers, while the
control-plane stays on the mature LTE network. As 5G carrier
coverage increases, both control and data will use 5G carriers,
which is referred to as the SA deployment (or simply SA).
[0019] In the initial 5G deployment, the 5G network can be launched
in NSA mode where the voice stays on LTE (VoLTE). When the 5G
network starts migrating to SA mode, it is expected that for voice
service, VoLTE Evolved Packet System (EPS) fall back (e.g., return)
will be used as a transition, until the network has enough good SA
NR coverage to support VoNR (Voice over New Radio). This can be
similar to the early days of LTE deployment, Circuit Switched
FallBack (CSFB) to 3G voice was used as a transition until LTE
coverage was determined to be good enough to support VoLTE.
[0020] When the 5G voice falls back to EPS, the 5G data also falls
back to 5G NSA mode, or falls back to LTE only when there is no 5G
NSA coverage. When the voice call is complete, it is possible that
the device does not immediately go back to (e.g., return to) 5G SA
mode. Instead, the device could hang in NSA mode (or LTE) for a
while (e.g., sometimes a long time) due to small intermittent data
applications running in the background. Accordingly, the 5G user
experience can be negatively impacted since the user does not
experience the benefits of 5G while in the NSA mode (or LTE).
[0021] The disclosed aspects can force the 5G UE to immediately (or
as quickly as possible) return to 5G SA mode after completion of
the voice call. This can improve the 5G user experience by
maximizing the time the device is on 5G SA mode. 5G SA mode enables
lower latency, higher speed, access to new 5G services, reduced
device power consumption, and more efficient network spectrum
utilization.
[0022] When the 5G network starts migrating to SA mode, it is
expected that for voice service, VoLTE EPS fall back will be used
as a transition, until the network has enough good SA NR coverage
to support VoNR. When the 5G voice falls back to EPS, the 5G data
also falls back to NSA mode. Upon or after the voice call is
complete, per 3GPP procedure, the 5G UE device goes to idle mode
when the data transmission is also completed. In idle mode, the 5G
UE device performs cell reselection and can camp on 5G SA cell,
based on network configured cell reselection priority.
[0023] However, in real world networks, with high probability, the
device does not immediately (or soon after completing the voice
call) go back to 5G SA mode. Instead, the device hangs in NSA mode
for a while due to the small intermittent data applications running
in the background, which prevents the UE from going to idle mode.
As mentioned, the 5G user experience is impacted and the user
cannot access new services provided via the 5G SA platform. 5G UE
power consumption is also higher in the NSA mode.
[0024] According to an embodiment, provided is a method comprising
receiving, from a first network device by a second network device
comprising a memory and a processor, a connection request that
comprises an indication of a fall back procedure. The connection
request can be associated with a mobile device via which a voice
communication is scheduled to occur. The method also can comprise
facilitating, by the second network device, control of the voice
communication for the mobile device and triggering, by the second
network device, a release of the control of the mobile device from
the second network device based on a determination that the voice
communication has completed at the mobile device. Further, the
method can comprise redirecting, by the second network device, the
mobile device to a third network device selected based on a
capability of the mobile device.
[0025] In an example, receiving the indication of the fall back
procedure can comprise receiving an information element that
comprises an evolved packet system return request. Further to this
example, the information element can be a first information
element. In addition, redirecting the mobile device to the third
network device can comprise receiving a second information element
that comprises redirected carrier information.
[0026] According to an implementation, the method can comprise,
prior to the triggering the release of the mobile device,
evaluating, by the second network device, the capability of the
mobile device based on the determination that the voice
communication has completed at the mobile device. Further to this
implementation, evaluating the capability of the mobile device can
comprise determining the mobile device is able to support
communication with a defined band on a standalone network.
[0027] In some implementations, redirecting the mobile device to
the third network device can comprise determining that multiple
advanced network bands are supported by the mobile device. Further,
the method can comprise selecting an advanced network band from the
multiple advanced network bands based on a second determination
that the advanced network band comprises a priority that satisfies
a defined priority level as compared to other advanced network
bands of the multiple advanced network bands other than the
advanced network band.
[0028] According to another example, triggering the release of the
mobile device can comprise evaluating an occurrence of a defined
event. Further to this example, the defined event can be the voice
communication being a voice communication that originated from the
first network device.
[0029] In another example, the first network device is a network
device configured to operate according to a fifth generation
wireless network communication protocol. Further, in some
implementations, the second network device can be deployed in a
standalone deployment architecture. In some implementations, the
first network device can be a network device configured to operate
according to a long term evolution network communication protocol.
According to an example, the first network device and the third
network device can be a same network device. Alternatively, the
first network device and the third network device can be different
network devices.
[0030] Another embodiment relates to a system that can comprise a
processor and a memory that stores executable instructions that,
when executed by the processor, facilitate performance of
operations. The operations can comprise controlling a first
communication for a user equipment based on a connection request
that comprises an indication of a fall back procedure. The
connection request can be associated with the user equipment via
which the first communication is scheduled to occur. The connection
request can be received from network equipment. Further, the
operations can comprise releasing a first control of the user
equipment based on a determination that the first communication has
completed at the user equipment. The operations also can comprise
redirecting the user equipment to the network equipment for a
second control of a second communication scheduled to occur at the
user equipment.
[0031] In an implementation, the indication can comprise a first
information element that comprises an evolved packet system return
request. Further to this implementation, redirecting the user
equipment can comprise receiving a second information element that
comprises redirected carrier information.
[0032] According to some implementations, the operations can
comprise, prior to releasing the control of the user equipment,
evaluating a capability of the user equipment based on the
determination that the first communication has completed at the
user equipment. Further to these implementations, evaluating the
capability can comprise determining the user equipment is able to
support communication with a defined band on a standalone
network.
[0033] Yet another embodiment relates to a non-transitory
machine-readable storage medium, comprising executable instructions
that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of the
executable instructions. The executable instructions can comprise
determining a first communication of a mobile device is to be
controlled by a first network device based on a connection request
that comprises an indication of a fall back procedure. The
executable instructions also can comprise facilitating a control of
the first communication by the first network device for a duration
of the first communication and facilitating a release of the
control of the mobile device by the first network device based on a
determination that the first communication has completed at the
mobile device. Further, the executable instructions can comprise
transferring the control of the mobile device to a second network
device based on a capacity of the mobile device.
[0034] In an implementation, transferring the control of the mobile
device to the second network device can comprise determining that
multiple advanced network bands are supported by the mobile device.
Further, an advanced network band can be selected from the multiple
advanced network bands based on a second determination that the
advanced network band comprises a priority that satisfies a defined
priority level as compared to other advanced network bands of the
multiple advanced network bands other than the advanced network
band.
[0035] In some implementations, the indication can comprise a first
information element that comprises an evolved packet system return
request. Further, redirecting the mobile device can comprise
receiving a second information element that comprises redirected
carrier information.
[0036] FIG. 1 illustrates an example, non-limiting, representation
of a communication network showing a non-stand-alone (NSA) mode 102
and a standalone (SA) mode 104 for advanced communications
networks. The illustrated NSA mode 102 comprises a device 106 that
connects to an LTE eNB device 108 via a LTE C-plane 110 and a LTE
U-plane 112. The LTE eNB device 108 communicates to an EPC 114 via
the LTE C-Plane 110 and a 5G U-plane 116. In addition, the device
106 connects to a 5G NR device 118 via the 5G U-plane 116. The 5G
NR device 118 communicates with the EPC 114 via the 5G U-plane
116.
[0037] The illustrated SA mode 104 comprises a device 120 that
communicates to the 5G NR device 118 via the 5G U-plane 116 and a
5G C-plane 122. The 5G NR device 118 communicates with a Next
Generation Core (NGC) 124 via the 5G U-plane 116 and the 5G C-plane
122.
[0038] In the SA mode 104, there can be voice fall back to EPS, as
indicated by arrow 126. In the NSA mode 102, upon or after the
voice call completes, the LTE eNB device 108 immediately (or as
quickly as possible) triggers a "Radio Resource Control (RRC)
Release and Redirect" or an "IRAT Handover" to 5G SA mode as
discussed herein. The LTE eNB device 108 does not wait for the data
leg to become idle per 3GPP procedure. Upon or after the Release
and Redirect or handover completes, the data transmission will
continue. Accordingly, there can be a fast return to 5G SA, as
indicated by arrow 128. The fast return procedure can be an "RRC
release and redirect" or an "IRAT handover."
[0039] FIG. 2 illustrates an example, non-limiting,
computer-implemented method 200 for fast return to a standalone
advanced communications network in accordance with one or more
embodiments described herein. In the NSA mode, upon or after the
voice call completes but there is still on-going data transmission,
the LTE eNB can immediately (or as quickly as possible) trigger an
"RRC Release and Redirect" to 5G SA mode. To enable the fast
return, the computer-implemented method 200 starts, at 202, with
receiving a first Information Element (IE) that indicates a UE
Device accesses RAN with EPS voice fall back. The first IE can be a
"mo-EPS fall back" that can be included in an RRC connection
request. The first IE can be indicated upon or after the UE device
accesses RAN with EPS voice fall back (further details will be
provided below).
[0040] At 204 of the computer-implemented method 200, an RRC
release and redirect can be triggered based on completion of the
voice call. For example, the LTE eNB device can remember the UE
device and, upon or after the UE device completes its voice call,
the eNB can identify the UE device and can immediately (or as
quickly as possible) trigger an "RRC Release and Redirect" to send
the UE device back to 5G SA mode. The redirect can be based on an
"event." Accordingly, the redirect is not triggered upon or after
any VoLTE call but is redirected only for the call that was EPS
fallback from the 5G SA to the NSA/LTE.
[0041] Further, in order for the LTE eNB device to redirect to the
correct NR SA, at 206 of the computer-implemented method 200, the
UE device can be evaluated or checked to determine if the UE device
is capable to support SA and support the NR band on the SA. If
multiple NR bands (nr-arfcn) are supported, then the LTE eNB device
should redirect to the highest priority based on a configured order
based on rules and/or policies.
[0042] The RRC release and redirect message that supports
NR-carriers Information Elements (IE) can use the example,
non-limiting message illustrated in FIG. 3. As illustrated, for
RedirectedCarrierInfo 302 there can be a choice for "nr-r15" 304
and "CarrierInfoNR-r15" 306, or simply "CarrierInfoNR".
[0043] Further, illustrated in FIG. 4 is a portion of an example,
non-limiting, RRC connection request message 400. As indicated, a
new IE, "mo-EPS fallback" 402 can be added to the RRC connection
request message 400. The eNB can use this indication to trigger
fast return to 5G SA.
[0044] Benefits of the disclosed aspects include, but are not
limited to, an improvement to the 5G user experience by maximizing
the time on 5G SA network, which can provide lower latency, higher
speed, 5G new services, and/or 5G new experiences. Further, the
disclosed aspects can improve UE device power consumption (lower
power consumption in SA mode). In addition, the disclosed aspects
can improve network resource/spectrum utilization by putting the
network traffic at its designated layer.
[0045] FIG. 5 illustrates an example, non-limiting, system 500 that
facilitates fast return to stand alone advanced networks after
voice fall back in accordance with one or more embodiments
described herein. Repetitive description of like elements employed
in other embodiments described herein is omitted for sake of
brevity.
[0046] The system 500 can comprise a mobile device or UE device 502
(e.g., the device 120), first network equipment, illustrated as a
first network device 504 (e.g., the 5G NR device 118), and second
network equipment, illustrated as a second network device 506
(e.g., the LTE eNB device 108). Aspects of systems (e.g., the
system 500 and the like), apparatuses, or processes explained in
this disclosure can constitute machine-executable component(s)
embodied within machine(s) (e.g., embodied in one or more computer
readable mediums (or media) associated with one or more machines).
Such component(s), when executed by the one or more machines (e.g.,
computer(s), computing device(s), virtual machine(s), and so on)
can cause the machine(s) to perform the operations described.
[0047] In various embodiments, the UE device 502 can be any type of
component, machine, device, facility, apparatus, and/or instrument
that comprises a processor and/or can be capable of effective
and/or operative communication with a wired and/or wireless
network. Components, machines, apparatuses, devices, facilities,
and/or instrumentalities that can comprise the UE device 502 can
include tablet computing devices, handheld devices, server class
computing machines and/or databases, laptop computers, notebook
computers, desktop computers, cell phones, smart phones, consumer
appliances and/or instrumentation, industrial and/or commercial
devices, hand-held devices, digital assistants, multimedia Internet
enabled phones, multimedia players, and the like.
[0048] As illustrated in FIG. 5, the first network device 504 can
include a transmitter/receiver component 508, a management
component 510, a release component 512, a redirection component
514, at least one memory 516, at least one processor 518, and at
least one data store 520.
[0049] The transmitter/receiver component 508 can receive, from the
second network device 506 a connection request that comprises an
indication of a fall back procedure. The connection request can be
associated with the UE device 502 based on a voice communication
determined to be scheduled to occur (e.g., a voice call is
initiated, a voice call is received, and so on). The fall back
procedure can be either an "RRC release and redirect" or an "IRAT
Handover."
[0050] Based on the indication of the fall back procedure, the
management component 510 can facilitate control of the voice
communication for the UE device 502. For example, the voice call
can be handled by the second network device 506 while other
communication (e.g., data communication) is handled by the first
network device 504.
[0051] Based on a determination that the voice communication has
completed at the mobile device, the release component 512 can
trigger a release of the control of the UE device 502 from the
first network device 504. This trigger can occur at about the same
time as the voice call is ended, or after the voice call has ended,
according to various implementations. The fast return can be either
an "RRC release and redirect" or an "IRAT handover."
[0052] The redirection component 514 can redirect the UE device 502
to a third network device (not shown). The third network device can
be selected based on a capability of the UE device 502.
[0053] The at least one memory 516 can be operatively connected to
the at least one processor 518. The at least one memory 516 can
store executable instructions that, when executed by the at least
one processor 518 can facilitate performance of operations.
Further, the at least one processor 518 can be utilized to execute
computer executable components stored in the at least one memory
516.
[0054] For example, the at least one memory 516 can store protocols
associated with facilitating fast return to an advanced network
after fall back to another network as discussed herein. Further,
the at least one memory 516 can facilitate action to control
communication between the first network device 504, the UE device
502, the second network device 506, other network devices, and/or
other UE devices, such that the first network device 504 can employ
stored protocols and/or algorithms to facilitate fast return to
stand alone advanced networks after voice fall back as described
herein.
[0055] It should be appreciated that data stores (e.g., memories)
components described herein can be either volatile memory or
nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile
memory. By way of example and not limitation, nonvolatile memory
can include read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM),
electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM
(EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random
access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of
example and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as
synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM
(SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM
(ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM).
Memory of the disclosed aspects are intended to comprise, without
being limited to, these and other suitable types of memory.
[0056] The at least one processor 518 can facilitate respective
analysis of information related to facilitating fast return to
stand alone advanced networks after voice fall back. The at least
one processor 518 can be a processor dedicated to analyzing and/or
generating information received, a processor that controls one or
more components of the first network device 504, and/or a processor
that both analyzes and generates information received and controls
one or more components of the first network device 504.
[0057] Further, the term network device is used herein to refer to
any type of network node serving mobile devices and/or connected to
other network nodes, network elements, or another network node from
which the mobile devices can receive a radio signal. In cellular
radio access networks (e.g., universal mobile telecommunications
system (UMTS) networks), network nodes can be referred to as base
transceiver stations (BTS), radio base station, radio network
nodes, base stations, NodeB, eNodeB (e.g., evolved NodeB), and so
on. In 5G terminology, the network nodes can be referred to as
gNodeB (e.g., gNB) devices. Network nodes can also comprise
multiple antennas for performing various transmission operations
(e.g., MIMO operations). A network node can comprise a cabinet and
other protected enclosures, an antenna mast, and actual antennas.
Network nodes can serve several cells, also called sectors,
depending on the configuration and type of antenna. Examples of
network nodes can include but are not limited to: NodeB devices,
base station (BS) devices, access point (AP) devices, and radio
access network (RAN) devices. The network nodes can also include
multi-standard radio (MSR) radio node devices, comprising: an MSR
BS, an eNode B, a network controller, a radio network controller
(RNC), a base station controller (BSC), a relay, a donor node
controlling relay, a base transceiver station (BTS), a transmission
point, a transmission node, a Remote Radio Unit (RRU), a Remote
Radio Head (RRH), nodes in distributed antenna system (DAS), and
the like.
[0058] It is noted that the second network device 506 and the UE
device 502 can comprise respective memories, processors, data
stores, and/or other components.
[0059] FIG. 6 illustrates an example, non-limiting, system 600 that
redirects a mobile device after call fall back based on
capabilities of the mobile device in accordance with one or more
embodiments described herein. Repetitive description of like
elements employed in other embodiments described herein is omitted
for sake of brevity. The system 600 can comprise one or more of the
components and/or functionality of the system 500, and vice
versa.
[0060] The management component 510 can control a first
communication for a mobile device (e.g., the UE device 502) based
on a connection request that comprises an indication of a fall back
procedure. The indication can comprise a first information element
that comprises an evolved packet system return request. The
connection request can be associated with the UE device 502 via
which the first communication is scheduled to occur. Further, the
connection request is received from a network device (e.g., the
first network device 504 or another network device).
[0061] A status component 602 can determine whether the voice call
has completed at the UE device 502. According to some
implementations, the determination by the status component 602 can
be based on information received from the UE device 502. According
to another implementation, the determination by the status
component 602 can be based on information received from a network
device that is facilitating the voice call between the UE device
502 and another device.
[0062] Upon or after the status component 602 determines the voice
call has completed, an analysis component 604 can evaluate a
capability of the UE device 502. For example, the analysis
component 604 can determine whether or not the UE device 502 is
able to support communication with a defined band on a standalone
network.
[0063] Upon or after determining the voice call has completed at
the UE device 502, the release component 512 can release a first
control of the UE device 502. Further, the redirection component
514 can redirect the UE device 502 to the network device (e.g., the
first network device 504 or another network device) for a second
control of a second communication scheduled to occur at the UE
device 502.
[0064] According to some implementations, the redirection component
514 can redirect the UE device 502 based on whether or not the UE
device 502 can support communication with the defined band on the
standalone network, as determined by the analysis component
604.
[0065] According to some implementations, the determination by the
analysis component 604 can be that the UE device 502 can support
multiple advanced network bands. Thus, the redirection component
514 can select an advanced network band from the multiple advanced
network bands. The selection by the redirection component 514 can
be based on a second determination that the advanced network band
comprises a priority that satisfies a defined priority level as
compared to other advanced network bands of the multiple advanced
network bands other than the advanced network band.
[0066] FIG. 7 illustrates an example, non-limiting, system 700 that
employs automated learning to facilitate one or more of the
disclosed aspects in accordance with one or more embodiments
described herein. Repetitive description of like elements employed
in other embodiments described herein is omitted for sake of
brevity. The system 700 can comprise one or more of the components
and/or functionality of the system 500, the system 600, and vice
versa.
[0067] The system 700 can comprise a machine learning and reasoning
component 702 that can be utilized to automate one or more of the
disclosed aspects. The machine learning and reasoning component 702
can employ automated learning and reasoning procedures (e.g., the
use of explicitly and/or implicitly trained statistical
classifiers) in connection with performing inference and/or
probabilistic determinations and/or statistical-based
determinations in accordance with one or more aspects described
herein.
[0068] For example, the machine learning and reasoning component
702 can employ principles of probabilistic and decision theoretic
inference. Additionally, or alternatively, the machine learning and
reasoning component 702 can rely on predictive models constructed
using machine learning and/or automated learning procedures.
Logic-centric inference can also be employed separately or in
conjunction with probabilistic methods.
[0069] The machine learning and reasoning component 702 can infer
whether a device is a device for which a voice call is being
handled based on a fall back from an advanced communications
network. Further, the machine learning and reasoning component 702
can infer whether a fall back information element was received and
associated with the mobile device. The machine learning and
reasoning component 702 can also infer a capability (or more than
one capability) of the mobile device. Based on this knowledge, the
machine learning and reasoning component 702 can make an inference
based on whether to automatically return control of the mobile
device to an advanced network, and to which network device to
return the control.
[0070] As used herein, the term "inference" refers generally to the
process of reasoning about or inferring states of a system, a
component, a module, an environment, and/or devices from a set of
observations as captured through events, reports, data and/or
through other forms of communication. Inference can be employed to
identify a specific condition, modification, and/or effect, or can
generate a probability distribution over states, for example. The
inference can be probabilistic. For example, computation of a
probability distribution over states of interest based on a
consideration of data and/or events. The inference can also refer
to techniques employed for composing higher-level events from a set
of events and/or data. Such inference can result in the
construction of new events and/or actions from a set of observed
events and/or stored event data, whether or not the events are
correlated in close temporal proximity, and whether the events
and/or data come from one or several events and/or data sources.
Various classification schemes and/or systems (e.g., support vector
machines, neural networks, logic-centric production systems,
Bayesian belief networks, fuzzy logic, data fusion engines, and so
on) can be employed in connection with performing automatic and/or
inferred action in connection with the disclosed aspects.
[0071] The various aspects (e.g., in connection with facilitating
fast return to stand alone advanced networks after voice fall back)
can employ various artificial intelligence-based schemes for
carrying out various aspects thereof. For example, a process for
determining if fast return of a mobile device to a standalone
advanced network can be enabled through an automatic classifier
system and process can be enabled as discussed herein.
[0072] A classifier is a function that maps an input attribute
vector, x=(x1, x2, x3, x4, xn), to a confidence that the input
belongs to a class. In other words, f(x)=confidence(class). Such
classification can employ a probabilistic and/or statistical-based
analysis (e.g., factoring into the analysis utilities and costs) to
provide a prognosis and/or infer one or more actions that should be
employed to determine what action to be automatically
performed.
[0073] A Support Vector Machine (SVM) is an example of a classifier
that can be employed. The SVM operates by finding a hypersurface in
the space of possible inputs, which hypersurface attempts to split
the triggering criteria from the non-triggering events.
Intuitively, this makes the classification correct for testing data
that can be similar, but not necessarily identical to training
data. Other directed and undirected model classification approaches
(e.g., naive Bayes, Bayesian networks, decision trees, neural
networks, fuzzy logic models, and probabilistic classification
models) providing different patterns of independence can be
employed. Classification as used herein, can be inclusive of
statistical regression that is utilized to develop models of
priority.
[0074] One or more aspects can employ classifiers that are
explicitly trained (e.g., through a generic training data) as well
as classifiers that are implicitly trained (e.g., by retaining a
database of triggers, historical changes, and impacts). For
example, SVMs can be configured through a learning or training
phase within a classifier constructor and feature selection module.
Thus, a classifier(s) can be used to automatically learn and
perform a number of functions, including but not limited to
facilitating fast return to stand alone advanced networks after
voice fall back.
[0075] Methods that can be implemented in accordance with the
disclosed subject matter will be better appreciated with reference
to various flow charts. While, for purposes of simplicity of
explanation, the methods are shown and described as a series of
blocks, it is to be understood and appreciated that the disclosed
aspects are not limited by the number or order of blocks, as some
blocks can occur in different orders and/or at substantially the
same time with other blocks from what is depicted and described
herein. Moreover, not all illustrated blocks can be required to
implement the disclosed methods. It is to be appreciated that the
functionality associated with the blocks can be implemented by
software, hardware, a combination thereof, or any other suitable
means (e.g., device, system, process, component, and so forth).
Additionally, it should be further appreciated that the disclosed
methods are capable of being stored on an article of manufacture to
facilitate transporting and transferring such methods to various
devices. Those skilled in the art will understand and appreciate
that the methods could alternatively be represented as a series of
interrelated states or events, such as in a state diagram.
[0076] FIG. 8 illustrates a flow diagram of an example,
non-limiting, computer-implemented method 800 for facilitating fast
return to stand alone advanced networks after voice fall back in
accordance with one or more embodiments described herein.
Repetitive description of like elements employed in other
embodiments described herein is omitted for sake of brevity.
[0077] In some implementations, a system comprising a processor can
perform the computer-implemented method 800 and/or other methods
discussed herein. In other implementations, a device comprising a
processor can perform the computer-implemented method 800 and/or
other methods discussed herein. In other implementations, a
machine-readable storage medium, can comprise executable
instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate
performance of operations, which can be the operations discussed
with respect to the computer-implemented method 800 and/or other
methods discussed herein. In further implementations, a machine
readable or computer readable storage device comprising executable
instructions that, in response to execution, cause a system
comprising a processor to perform operations, which can be
operations discussed with respect to the computer-implemented
method 800 and/or other methods discussed herein.
[0078] The computer-implemented method 800 starts at 802 with
receiving, from a first network device by a second network device
comprising a memory and a processor, a connection request that
comprises an indication of a fall back procedure. The connection
request can be associated with a mobile device via which a voice
communication is scheduled to occur. In some implementations, the
connection request can be a radio release control connection
request.
[0079] According to some implementations, receiving the indication
of the fall back procedure can comprise receiving an information
element that comprises an evolved packet system return request.
Thus, if a device has a voice communication scheduled to occur but
is not associated with an information element that comprises an
evolved packet system return request, that device does not fall
back to the advanced network, as discussed herein.
[0080] In an example, the information element can be defined as
"mo-EPS fall back," however, the disclosed aspects are not limited
to this wording and other information elements can be utilized. The
information element utilized can be included in an RRC connection
request message, for example. The information element can be
provided in the RRC connection request message at about the same
time as the UE accesses RAN with EPC voice fall back as discussed
herein.
[0081] At 804, control of the voice communication for the mobile
device can be facilitated by the second network device. The control
of the communication can be facilitated by the second network
device for a duration of the voice communication. A release of the
control of the mobile device from the second network device can be
triggered, at 806, based on a determination that the voice
communication has completed at the mobile device. In an example,
the second network device can provide an indication that the voice
communication has completed at the mobile device. In another
example, the mobile device can provide the indication that the
voice communication has completed. In some implementations, the
indication that the voice communication has completed can be
facilitated by both the second network device and the mobile device
and/or by one or more other devices.
[0082] To facilitate the release of the control of the mobile
device from the second network device, the first network device can
retain information related to the mobile device prior to control
being transferred to the second network device. Accordingly, upon
or after the mobile device completes the voice call, the first
network device can identify the mobile device and can trigger a
notification to return the mobile device to a 5G SA mode. For
example, the notification can be an RRC release and redirect
message. The notification can be an "event" that causes
implementation of the fast return to stand alone advanced networks
after voice fall back. The redirect is not triggered after any
VoLTE call, but is only triggered for a call that was EPS fallback
from the 5G SA to the NSA/LTE.
[0083] The mobile device can be redirected, by the second network
device, to a third network device selected based on a capability of
the mobile device, at 808. For example, redirecting the mobile
device to the third network device can comprise determining that
multiple advanced network bands are supported by the mobile device
and selecting an advanced network band from the multiple advanced
network bands based on a second determination that the advanced
network band comprises a priority that satisfies a defined priority
level as compared to other advanced network bands of the multiple
advanced network bands other than the advanced network band.
[0084] The first network device can be a network device configured
to operate according to a fifth generation wireless network
communication protocol. Further, the second network device can be
deployed in a standalone deployment architecture. The first network
device can be a network device configured to operate according to a
long term evolution network communication protocol. In some
implementations, the first network device and the third network
device are a same network device. In other implementations, the
first network device and the third network device are different
network devices.
[0085] FIG. 9 illustrates a flow diagram of an example,
non-limiting, computer-implemented method 900 for releasing a user
equipment device after voice fall back in accordance with one or
more embodiments described herein. Repetitive description of like
elements employed in other embodiments described herein is omitted
for sake of brevity.
[0086] In some implementations, a system comprising a processor can
perform the computer-implemented method 900 and/or other methods
discussed herein. In other implementations, a device comprising a
processor can perform the computer-implemented method 900 and/or
other methods discussed herein. In other implementations, a
machine-readable storage medium, can comprise executable
instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate
performance of operations, which can be the operations discussed
with respect to the computer-implemented method 900 and/or other
methods discussed herein. In further implementations, a machine
readable or computer readable storage device comprising executable
instructions that, in response to execution, cause a system
comprising a processor to perform operations, which can be
operations discussed with respect to the computer-implemented
method 900 and/or other methods discussed herein.
[0087] The computer-implemented method 900 starts at 902 with
receiving a connection request from a first network device. The
connection request can comprise an indication of a fall back
procedure and can be associated with a mobile device via which a
communication is scheduled to occur. In an example, receiving the
indication of the fall back procedure can comprise receiving an
information element that comprises an evolved packet system return
request. At 904, the second network device, which received the
connection request, can facilitate control of the voice
communication for the mobile device.
[0088] At 906 a capability of the mobile device can be evaluated by
the second network device. Evaluating the capability of the mobile
device can be performed based on the determination that the voice
communication has completed at the mobile device. Further, at 908,
the computer-implemented method 900 can determine the mobile device
is able to support communication with a defined band on a
standalone network.
[0089] At 910, the second network device can trigger a release of
the control of the mobile device from the second network device.
Further, at 912, the mobile device can be redirected to a third
network device selected based on a capability of the mobile device
and whether the mobile device is able to support communication with
a defined band on a standalone network, as determined at 908.
[0090] According to some implementations, the information element
received at 902 can be a first information element and redirecting
the mobile device to the third network device, at 912, can comprise
receiving a second information element that comprises redirected
carrier information. In an example, the first network device and
the third network device can be the same network device. In another
example, the first network device and the third network device can
be different network devices.
[0091] FIG. 10 illustrates a flow diagram of an example,
non-limiting, computer-implemented method 1000 for releasing a user
equipment device after voice fall back in accordance with one or
more embodiments described herein. Repetitive description of like
elements employed in other embodiments described herein is omitted
for sake of brevity.
[0092] In some implementations, a system comprising a processor can
perform the computer-implemented method 1000 and/or other methods
discussed herein. In other implementations, a device comprising a
processor can perform the computer-implemented method 1000 and/or
other methods discussed herein. In other implementations, a
machine-readable storage medium, can comprise executable
instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate
performance of operations, which can be the operations discussed
with respect to the computer-implemented method 1000 and/or other
methods discussed herein. In further implementations, a machine
readable or computer readable storage device comprising executable
instructions that, in response to execution, cause a system
comprising a processor to perform operations, which can be
operations discussed with respect to the computer-implemented
method 1000 and/or other methods discussed herein.
[0093] The computer-implemented method 1000 starts at 1002 upon or
after a first communication of a mobile device is determined to be
controlled by a first network device based on a connection request
that comprises an indication of a fall back procedure. At 1004, the
computer-implemented method 1000 facilitates a control of the first
communication by the first network device for a duration of the
first communication.
[0094] Further, at 1006, the computer-implemented method 1000
facilitates a release of the control of the mobile device by the
first network device based on a determination that the first
communication has completed at the mobile device.
[0095] The control of the mobile device can be transferred to a
second network device based on a capacity of the mobile device, at
1008. To transfer the control to the second network device, the
computer-implemented method 1000 can include, at 1010, determining
that multiple advanced network bands are supported by the mobile
device. In addition, at 1012, an advanced network band can be
selected from the multiple advanced network bands based on a second
determination that the advanced network band comprises a priority
that satisfies a defined priority level as compared to other
advanced network bands of the multiple advanced network bands other
than the advanced network band.
[0096] According to some implementations, the indication can
comprise a first information element that comprises an evolved
packet system return request. Further to these implementations,
redirecting the mobile device can comprise receiving a second
information element that comprises redirected carrier
information.
[0097] Described herein are systems, methods, articles of
manufacture, and other embodiments or implementations that can
facilitate fast return to stand alone advanced networks after voice
fall back. Facilitating fast return to stand alone advanced
networks after voice fall back can be implemented in connection
with any type of device with a connection to the communications
network (e.g., a mobile handset, a computer, a handheld device,
etc.) any Internet of things (IoT) device (e.g., toaster, coffee
maker, blinds, music players, speakers, water meter, etc.), and/or
any connected vehicles (e.g., cars, airplanes, boats, space
rockets, and/or other at least partially automated vehicles (e.g.,
drones), and so on). In some embodiments, the non-limiting term
User Equipment (UE) is used. It can refer to any type of wireless
device that communicates with a radio network node in a cellular or
mobile communication system. Examples of UE are target device,
device to device (D2D) UE, machine type UE or UE capable of machine
to machine (M2M) communication, PDA, Tablet, mobile terminals,
smart phone, Laptop Embedded Equipped (LEE), laptop mounted
equipment (LME), USB dongles etc. Note that the terms element,
elements and antenna ports can be interchangeably used but carry
the same meaning in this disclosure. The embodiments are applicable
to single carrier as well as to Multi-Carrier (MC) or Carrier
Aggregation (CA) operation of the UE. The term Carrier Aggregation
(CA) is also called (e.g., interchangeably called) "multi-carrier
system," "multi-cell operation," "multi-carrier operation,"
"multi-carrier" transmission and/or reception.
[0098] In some embodiments, the non-limiting term radio network
node or simply network node is used. It can refer to any type of
network node that serves one or more UEs and/or that is coupled to
other network nodes or network elements or any radio node from
where the one or more UEs receive a signal. Examples of radio
network nodes are Node B, Base Station (BS), Multi-Standard Radio
(MSR) node such as MSR BS, eNode B, network controller, Radio
Network Controller (RNC), Base Station Controller (BSC), relay,
donor node controlling relay, Base Transceiver Station (BTS),
Access Point (AP), transmission points, transmission nodes, RRU,
RRH, nodes in Distributed Antenna System (DAS) etc.
[0099] To meet the huge demand for data centric applications, 4G
standards can be applied to 5G, also called New Radio (NR) access.
The 5G networks can comprise the following: data rates of several
tens of megabits per second supported for tens of thousands of
users; 1 gigabit per second can be offered simultaneously (or
concurrently) to tens of workers on the same office floor; several
hundreds of thousands of simultaneous (or concurrent) connections
can be supported for massive sensor deployments; spectral
efficiency can be enhanced compared to 4G; improved coverage;
enhanced signaling efficiency; and reduced latency compared to Long
Term Evolution (LTE).
[0100] Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MIMO) systems can
significantly increase the data carrying capacity of wireless
systems. For these reasons, MIMO is an integral part of the third
and fourth generation wireless systems (e.g., 3G and 4G). In
addition, 5G systems also employ MIMO systems, which are referred
to as massive MIMO systems (e.g., hundreds of antennas at the
transmitter side (e.g., network) and/receiver side (e.g., user
equipment). With a (N.sub.t,N.sub.r) system, where N.sub.t denotes
the number of transmit antennas and Nr denotes the receive
antennas, the peak data rate multiplies with a factor of N.sub.t
over single antenna systems in rich scattering environment.
[0101] In addition, advanced networks, such as a 5G network can be
configured to provide more bandwidth than the bandwidth available
in other networks (e.g., 4G network, 5G network). A 5G network can
be configured to provide more ubiquitous connectivity. In addition,
more potential of applications and services, such as connected
infrastructure, wearable computers, autonomous driving, seamless
virtual and augmented reality, "ultra-high-fidelity" virtual
reality, and so on, can be provided with 5G networks. Such
applications and/or services can consume a large amount of
bandwidth. For example, some applications and/or services can
consume about fifty times the bandwidth of a high-definition video
stream, Internet of Everything (IoE), and others. Further, various
applications can have different network performance requirements
(e.g., latency requirements and so on).
[0102] Cloud Radio Access Networks (cRAN) can enable the
implementation of concepts such as SDN and Network Function
Virtualization (NFV) in 5G networks. This disclosure can facilitate
a generic channel state information framework design for a 5G
network. Certain embodiments of this disclosure can comprise an SDN
controller that can control routing of traffic within the network
and between the network and traffic destinations. The SDN
controller can be merged with the 5G network architecture to enable
service deliveries via open Application Programming Interfaces
(APIs) and move the network core towards an all Internet Protocol
(IP), cloud based, and software driven telecommunications network.
The SDN controller can work with, or take the place of, Policy and
Charging Rules Function (PCRF) network elements so that policies
such as quality of service and traffic management and routing can
be synchronized and managed end to end.
[0103] FIG. 11 presents an example embodiment 1100 of a mobile
network platform 1110 that can implement and exploit one or more
aspects of the disclosed subject matter described herein.
Generally, wireless network platform 1110 can include components,
e.g., nodes, gateways, interfaces, servers, or disparate platforms,
that facilitate both packet-switched (PS) (e.g., Internet protocol
(IP), frame relay, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) and
circuit-switched (CS) traffic (e.g., voice and data), as well as
control generation for networked wireless telecommunication. As a
non-limiting example, wireless network platform 1110 can be
included in telecommunications carrier networks, and can be
considered carrier-side components as discussed elsewhere herein.
Mobile network platform 1110 includes CS gateway node(s) 1112 which
can interface CS traffic received from legacy networks such as
telephony network(s) 1140 (e.g., public switched telephone network
(PSTN), or public land mobile network (PLMN)) or a signaling system
#7 (SS7) network 1160. Circuit switched gateway node(s) 1112 can
authorize and authenticate traffic (e.g., voice) arising from such
networks. Additionally, CS gateway node(s) 1112 can access
mobility, or roaming, data generated through SS7 network 1160; for
instance, mobility data stored in a visited location register
(VLR), which can reside in memory 1130. Moreover, CS gateway
node(s) 1112 interfaces CS-based traffic and signaling and PS
gateway node(s) 1118. As an example, in a 3GPP UMTS network, CS
gateway node(s) 1112 can be realized at least in part in gateway
GPRS support node(s) (GGSN). It should be appreciated that
functionality and specific operation of CS gateway node(s) 1112, PS
gateway node(s) 1118, and serving node(s) 1116, is provided and
dictated by radio technology(ies) utilized by mobile network
platform 1110 for telecommunication. Mobile network platform 1110
can also include the MMEs, HSS/PCRFs, SGWs, and PGWs disclosed
herein.
[0104] In addition to receiving and processing CS-switched traffic
and signaling, PS gateway node(s) 1118 can authorize and
authenticate PS-based data sessions with served mobile devices.
Data sessions can include traffic, or content(s), exchanged with
networks external to the wireless network platform 1110, like wide
area network(s) (WANs) 1150, enterprise network(s) 1170, and
service network(s) 1180, which can be embodied in local area
network(s) (LANs), can also be interfaced with mobile network
platform 1110 through PS gateway node(s) 1118. It is to be noted
that WANs 1150 and enterprise network(s) 1170 can embody, at least
in part, a service network(s) such as IP multimedia subsystem
(IMS). Based on radio technology layer(s) available in technology
resource(s) 1117, packet-switched gateway node(s) 1118 can generate
packet data protocol contexts when a data session is established;
other data structures that facilitate routing of packetized data
also can be generated. To that end, in an aspect, PS gateway
node(s) 1118 can include a tunnel interface (e.g., tunnel
termination gateway (TTG) in 3GPP UMTS network(s) (not shown))
which can facilitate packetized communication with disparate
wireless network(s), such as Wi-Fi networks.
[0105] In embodiment 1100, wireless network platform 1110 also
includes serving node(s) 1116 that, based upon available radio
technology layer(s) within technology resource(s) 1117, convey the
various packetized flows of data streams received through PS
gateway node(s) 1118. It is to be noted that for technology
resource(s) 1117 that rely primarily on CS communication, server
node(s) can deliver traffic without reliance on PS gateway node(s)
1118; for example, server node(s) can embody at least in part a
mobile switching center. As an example, in a 3GPP UMTS network,
serving node(s) 1116 can be embodied in serving GPRS support
node(s) (SGSN).
[0106] For radio technologies that exploit packetized
communication, server(s) 1114 in wireless network platform 1110 can
execute numerous applications that can generate multiple disparate
packetized data streams or flows, and manage (e.g., schedule,
queue, format, and so on) such flows. Such application(s) can
include add-on features to standard services (for example,
provisioning, billing, user support, and so forth) provided by
wireless network platform 1110. Data streams (e.g., content(s) that
are part of a voice call or data session) can be conveyed to PS
gateway node(s) 1118 for authorization/authentication and
initiation of a data session, and to serving node(s) 1116 for
communication thereafter. In addition to application server,
server(s) 1114 can include utility server(s), a utility server can
include a provisioning server, an operations and maintenance
server, a security server that can implement at least in part a
certificate authority and firewalls as well as other security
mechanisms, and the like. In an aspect, security server(s) secure
communication served through wireless network platform 1110 to
ensure network's operation and data integrity in addition to
authorization and authentication procedures that CS gateway node(s)
1112 and PS gateway node(s) 1118 can enact. Moreover, provisioning
server(s) can provision services from external network(s) like
networks operated by a disparate service provider; for instance,
WAN 1150 or Global Positioning System (GPS) network(s) (not shown).
Provisioning server(s) can also provision coverage through networks
associated to wireless network platform 1110 (e.g., deployed and
operated by the same service provider), such as femto-cell
network(s) (not shown) that enhance wireless service coverage
within indoor confined spaces and offload RAN resources in order to
enhance subscriber service experience within a home or business
environment by way of UE 1175.
[0107] It is to be noted that server(s) 1114 can include one or
more processors configured to confer at least in part the
functionality of macro network platform 1110. To that end, the one
or more processor can execute code instructions stored in memory
1130, for example. It should be appreciated that server(s) 1114 can
include a content manager 1115, which operates in substantially the
same manner as described hereinbefore.
[0108] In example embodiment 1100, memory 1130 can store
information related to operation of wireless network platform 1110.
Other operational information can include provisioning information
of mobile devices served through wireless network platform 1110,
subscriber databases; application intelligence, pricing schemes,
e.g., promotional rates, flat-rate programs, couponing campaigns;
technical specification(s) consistent with telecommunication
protocols for operation of disparate radio, or wireless, technology
layers; and so forth. Memory 1130 can also store information from
at least one of telephony network(s) 1140, WAN 1150, enterprise
network(s) 1170, or SS7 network 1160. In an aspect, memory 1130 can
be, for example, accessed as part of a data store component or as a
remotely connected memory store.
[0109] In order to provide additional context for various
embodiments described herein, FIG. 12 and the following discussion
are intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable
computing environment 1200 in which the various embodiments of the
embodiment described herein can be implemented. While the
embodiments have been described above in the general context of
computer-executable instructions that can run on one or more
computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that the
embodiments can be also implemented in combination with other
program modules and/or as a combination of hardware and
software.
[0110] Generally, program modules include routines, programs,
components, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or
implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, those skilled
in the art will appreciate that the various methods can be
practiced with other computer system configurations, including
single-processor or multiprocessor computer systems, minicomputers,
mainframe computers, Internet of Things (IoT) devices, distributed
computing systems, as well as personal computers, hand-held
computing devices, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer
electronics, and the like, each of which can be operatively coupled
to one or more associated devices.
[0111] The illustrated embodiments of the embodiments herein can be
also practiced in distributed computing environments where certain
tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked
through a communications network. In a distributed computing
environment, program modules can be located in both local and
remote memory storage devices.
[0112] Computing devices typically include a variety of media,
which can include computer-readable storage media, machine-readable
storage media, and/or communications media, which two terms are
used herein differently from one another as follows.
Computer-readable storage media or machine-readable storage media
can be any available storage media that can be accessed by the
computer and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media,
removable and non-removable media. By way of example, and not
limitation, computer-readable storage media or machine-readable
storage media can be implemented in connection with any method or
technology for storage of information such as computer-readable or
machine-readable instructions, program modules, structured data or
unstructured data.
[0113] Computer-readable storage media can include, but are not
limited to, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM),
electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash
memory or other memory technology, compact disk read only memory
(CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD), Blu-ray disc (BD) or other
optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic
disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, solid state drives
or other solid state storage devices, or other tangible and/or
non-transitory media which can be used to store desired
information. In this regard, the terms "tangible" or
"non-transitory" herein as applied to storage, memory or
computer-readable media, are to be understood to exclude only
propagating transitory signals per se as modifiers and do not
relinquish rights to all standard storage, memory or
computer-readable media that are not only propagating transitory
signals per se.
[0114] Computer-readable storage media can be accessed by one or
more local or remote computing devices, e.g., via access requests,
queries or other data retrieval protocols, for a variety of
operations with respect to the information stored by the
medium.
[0115] Communications media typically embody computer-readable
instructions, data structures, program modules or other structured
or unstructured data in a data signal such as a modulated data
signal, e.g., a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and
includes any information delivery or transport media. The term
"modulated data signal" or signals refers to a signal that has one
or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as
to encode information in one or more signals. By way of example,
and not limitation, communication media include wired media, such
as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media
such as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.
[0116] With reference again to FIG. 12, the example environment
1200 for implementing various embodiments of the aspects described
herein includes a computer 1202, the computer 1202 including a
processing unit 1204, a system memory 1206 and a system bus 1208.
The system bus 1208 couples system components including, but not
limited to, the system memory 1206 to the processing unit 1204. The
processing unit 1204 can be any of various commercially available
processors. Dual microprocessors and other multi-processor
architectures can also be employed as the processing unit 1204.
[0117] The system bus 1208 can be any of several types of bus
structure that can further interconnect to a memory bus (with or
without a memory controller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus
using any of a variety of commercially available bus architectures.
The system memory 1206 includes ROM 1210 and RAM 1212. A basic
input/output system (BIOS) can be stored in a non-volatile memory
such as ROM, erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM),
EEPROM, which BIOS contains the basic routines that help to
transfer information between elements within the computer 1202,
such as during startup. The RAM 1212 can also include a high-speed
RAM such as static RAM for caching data.
[0118] The computer 1202 further includes an internal hard disk
drive (HDD) 1214 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), one or more external storage
devices 1216 (e.g., a magnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 1216, a
memory stick or flash drive reader, a memory card reader, etc.) and
an optical disk drive 1220 (e.g., which can read or write from a
CD-ROM disc, a DVD, a BD, etc.). While the internal HDD 1214 is
illustrated as located within the computer 1202, the internal HDD
1214 can also be configured for external use in a suitable chassis
(not shown). Additionally, while not shown in environment 1200, a
solid state drive (SSD) could be used in addition to, or in place
of, an internal HDD 1214. The internal HDD 1214, external storage
device(s) 1216 and optical disk drive 1220 can be connected to the
system bus 1208 by an HDD interface 1224, an external storage
interface 1226 and an optical drive interface 1228, respectively.
The HDD interface 1224 for external drive implementations can
include at least one or both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 1294
interface technologies. Other external drive connection
technologies are within contemplation of the embodiments described
herein.
[0119] The drives and their associated computer-readable storage
media provide nonvolatile storage of data, data structures,
computer-executable instructions, and so forth. For the computer
1202, the drives and storage media accommodate the storage of any
data in a suitable digital format. Although the description of
computer-readable storage media above refers to respective types of
storage devices, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the
art that other types of storage media which are readable by a
computer, whether presently existing or developed in the future,
could also be used in the example operating environment, and
further, that any such storage media can contain
computer-executable instructions for performing the methods
described herein.
[0120] A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and
RAM 1212, including an operating system 1230, one or more
application programs 1232, other program modules 1234 and program
data 1236. All or portions of the operating system, applications,
modules, and/or data can also be cached in the RAM 1212. The
systems and methods described herein can be implemented utilizing
various commercially available operating systems or combinations of
operating systems.
[0121] Computer 1202 can optionally comprise emulation
technologies. For example, a hypervisor (not shown) or other
intermediary can emulate a hardware environment for operating
system 1230, and the emulated hardware can optionally be different
from the hardware illustrated in FIG. 12. In such an embodiment,
operating system 1230 can comprise one virtual machine (VM) of
multiple VMs hosted at computer 1202. Furthermore, operating system
1230 can provide runtime environments, such as the Java runtime
environment or the .NET framework, for application programs 1232.
Runtime environments are consistent execution environments that
allow application programs 1232 to run on any operating system that
includes the runtime environment. Similarly, operating system 1230
can support containers, and application programs 1232 can be in the
form of containers, which are lightweight, standalone, executable
packages of software that include, e.g., code, runtime, system
tools, system libraries and settings for an application.
[0122] Further, computer 1202 can be enable with a security module,
such as a trusted processing module (TPM). For instance with a TPM,
boot components hash next in time boot components, and wait for a
match of results to secured values, before loading a next boot
component. This process can take place at any layer in the code
execution stack of computer 1202, e.g., applied at the application
execution level or at the operating system (OS) kernel level,
thereby enabling security at any level of code execution.
[0123] A user can enter commands and information into the computer
1202 through one or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., a
keyboard 1238, a touch screen 1240, and a pointing device, such as
a mouse 1242. Other input devices (not shown) can include a
microphone, an infrared (IR) remote control, a radio frequency (RF)
remote control, or other remote control, a joystick, a virtual
reality controller and/or virtual reality headset, a game pad, a
stylus pen, an image input device, e.g., camera(s), a gesture
sensor input device, a vision movement sensor input device, an
emotion or facial detection device, a biometric input device, e.g.,
fingerprint or iris scanner, or the like. These and other input
devices are often connected to the processing unit 1204 through an
input device interface 1244 that can be coupled to the system bus
1208, but can be connected by other interfaces, such as a parallel
port, an IEEE 1094 serial port, a game port, a USB port, an IR
interface, a BLUETOOTH.RTM. interface, etc.
[0124] A monitor 1246 or other type of display device can be also
connected to the system bus 1208 via an interface, such as a video
adapter 1248. In addition to the monitor 1246, a computer typically
includes other peripheral output devices (not shown), such as
speakers, printers, etc.
[0125] The computer 1202 can operate in a networked environment
using logical connections via wired and/or wireless communications
to one or more remote computers, such as a remote computer(s) 1250.
The remote computer(s) 1250 can be a workstation, a server
computer, a router, a personal computer, portable computer,
microprocessor-based entertainment appliance, a peer device or
other common network node, and typically includes many or all of
the elements described relative to the computer 1202, although, for
purposes of brevity, only a memory/storage device 1252 is
illustrated. The logical connections depicted include
wired/wireless connectivity to a local area network (LAN) 1254
and/or larger networks, e.g., a wide area network (WAN) 1256. Such
LAN and WAN networking environments are commonplace in offices and
companies, and facilitate enterprise-wide computer networks, such
as intranets, all of which can connect to a global communications
network, e.g., the Internet.
[0126] When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 1202
can be connected to the local network 1254 through a wired and/or
wireless communication network interface or adapter 1258. The
adapter 1258 can facilitate wired or wireless communication to the
LAN 1254, which can also include a wireless access point (AP)
disposed thereon for communicating with the adapter 1258 in a
wireless mode.
[0127] When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 1202
can include a modem 1260 or can be connected to a communications
server on the WAN 1256 via other means for establishing
communications over the WAN 1256, such as by way of the Internet.
The modem 1260, which can be internal or external and a wired or
wireless device, can be connected to the system bus 1208 via the
input device interface 1244. In a networked environment, program
modules depicted relative to the computer 1202 or portions thereof,
can be stored in the remote memory/storage device 1252. It will be
appreciated that the network connections shown are example and
other means of establishing a communications link between the
computers can be used.
[0128] When used in either a LAN or WAN networking environment, the
computer 1202 can access cloud storage systems or other
network-based storage systems in addition to, or in place of,
external storage devices 1216 as described above. Generally, a
connection between the computer 1202 and a cloud storage system can
be established over a LAN 1254 or WAN 1256 e.g., by the adapter
1258 or modem 1260, respectively. Upon connecting the computer 1202
to an associated cloud storage system, the external storage
interface 1226 can, with the aid of the adapter 1258 and/or modem
1260, manage storage provided by the cloud storage system as it
would other types of external storage. For instance, the external
storage interface 1226 can be configured to provide access to cloud
storage sources as if those sources were physically connected to
the computer 1202.
[0129] The computer 1202 can be operable to communicate with any
wireless devices or entities operatively disposed in wireless
communication, e.g., a printer, scanner, desktop and/or portable
computer, portable data assistant, communications satellite, any
piece of equipment or location associated with a wirelessly
detectable tag (e.g., a kiosk, news stand, store shelf, etc.), and
telephone. This can include Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) and
BLUETOOTH.RTM. wireless technologies. Thus, the communication can
be a predefined structure as with a conventional network or simply
an ad hoc communication between at least two devices.
[0130] An aspect of 5G, which differentiates from previous 4G
systems, is the use of NR. NR architecture can be designed to
support multiple deployment cases for independent configuration of
resources used for RACH procedures. Since the NR can provide
additional services than those provided by LTE, efficiencies can be
generated by leveraging the pros and cons of LTE and NR to
facilitate the interplay between LTE and NR, as discussed
herein.
[0131] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment,"
or "an embodiment," means that a particular feature, structure, or
characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is
included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the
phrase "in one embodiment," "in one aspect," or "in an embodiment,"
in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily
all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular
features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any
suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
[0132] As used in this disclosure, in some embodiments, the terms
"component," "system," "interface," and the like are intended to
refer to, or comprise, a computer-related entity or an entity
related to an operational apparatus with one or more specific
functionalities, wherein the entity can be either hardware, a
combination of hardware and software, software, or software in
execution, and/or firmware. As an example, a component can be, but
is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, a
processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution,
computer-executable instructions, a program, and/or a computer. By
way of illustration and not limitation, both an application running
on a server and the server can be a component.
[0133] One or more components can reside within a process and/or
thread of execution and a component can be localized on one
computer and/or distributed between two or more computers. In
addition, these components can execute from various computer
readable media having various data structures stored thereon. The
components can communicate via local and/or remote processes such
as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets
(e.g., data from one component interacting with another component
in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network such
as the Internet with other systems via the signal). As another
example, a component can be an apparatus with specific
functionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric or
electronic circuitry, which is operated by a software application
or firmware application executed by one or more processors, wherein
the processor can be internal or external to the apparatus and can
execute at least a part of the software or firmware application. As
yet another example, a component can be an apparatus that provides
specific functionality through electronic components without
mechanical parts, the electronic components can comprise a
processor therein to execute software or firmware that confer(s) at
least in part the functionality of the electronic components. In an
aspect, a component can emulate an electronic component via a
virtual machine, e.g., within a cloud computing system. While
various components have been illustrated as separate components, it
will be appreciated that multiple components can be implemented as
a single component, or a single component can be implemented as
multiple components, without departing from example
embodiments.
[0134] In addition, the words "example" and "exemplary" are used
herein to mean serving as an instance or illustration. Any
embodiment or design described herein as "example" or "exemplary"
is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous
over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word example
or exemplary is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion.
As used in this application, the term "or" is intended to mean an
inclusive "or" rather than an exclusive "or." That is, unless
specified otherwise or clear from context, "X employs A or B" is
intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That
is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then "X
employs A or B" is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances.
In addition, the articles "a" and "an" as used in this application
and the appended claims should generally be construed to mean "one
or more" unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be
directed to a singular form.
[0135] Moreover, terms such as "mobile device equipment," "mobile
station," "mobile," subscriber station," "access terminal,"
"terminal," "handset," "communication device," "mobile device"
(and/or terms representing similar terminology) can refer to a
wireless device utilized by a subscriber or mobile device of a
wireless communication service to receive or convey data, control,
voice, video, sound, gaming or substantially any data-stream or
signaling-stream. The foregoing terms are utilized interchangeably
herein and with reference to the related drawings. Likewise, the
terms "access point (AP)," "Base Station (BS)," BS transceiver, BS
device, cell site, cell site device, "Node B (NB)," "evolved Node B
(eNode B)," "home Node B (HNB)" and the like, are utilized
interchangeably in the application, and refer to a wireless network
component or appliance that transmits and/or receives data,
control, voice, video, sound, gaming or substantially any
data-stream or signaling-stream from one or more subscriber
stations. Data and signaling streams can be packetized or
frame-based flows.
[0136] Furthermore, the terms "device," "communication device,"
"mobile device," "subscriber," "customer entity," "consumer,"
"customer entity," "entity" and the like are employed
interchangeably throughout, unless context warrants particular
distinctions among the terms. It should be appreciated that such
terms can refer to human entities or automated components supported
through artificial intelligence (e.g., a capacity to make inference
based on complex mathematical formalisms), which can provide
simulated vision, sound recognition and so forth.
[0137] Embodiments described herein can be exploited in
substantially any wireless communication technology, comprising,
but not limited to, wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), global system for
mobile communications (GSM), universal mobile telecommunications
system (UMTS), worldwide interoperability for microwave access
(WiMAX), enhanced general packet radio service (enhanced GPRS),
third generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution
(LTE), third generation partnership project 2 (3GPP2) ultra mobile
broadband (UMB), high speed packet access (HSPA), Z-Wave, Zigbee
and other 802.XX wireless technologies and/or legacy
telecommunication technologies.
[0138] The various aspects described herein can relate to New Radio
(NR), which can be deployed as a standalone radio access technology
or as a non-standalone radio access technology assisted by another
radio access technology, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE), for
example. It should be noted that although various aspects and
embodiments have been described herein in the context of 5G,
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), and/or Long Term
Evolution (LTE), or other next generation networks, the disclosed
aspects are not limited to 5G, a UMTS implementation, and/or an LTE
implementation as the techniques can also be applied in 3G, 4G, or
LTE systems. For example, aspects or features of the disclosed
embodiments can be exploited in substantially any wireless
communication technology. Such wireless communication technologies
can include UMTS, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wi-Fi,
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), General
Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced GPRS, Third Generation
Partnership Project (3GPP), LTE, Third Generation Partnership
Project 2 (3GPP2) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), High Speed Packet
Access (HSPA), Evolved High Speed Packet Access (HSPA+), High-Speed
Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High-Speed Uplink Packet Access
(HSUPA), Zigbee, or another IEEE 802.XX technology. Additionally,
substantially all aspects disclosed herein can be exploited in
legacy telecommunication technologies.
[0139] As used herein, "5G" can also be referred to as NR access.
Accordingly, systems, methods, and/or machine-readable storage
media for facilitating link adaptation of downlink control channel
for 5G systems are desired. As used herein, one or more aspects of
a 5G network can comprise, but is not limited to, data rates of
several tens of megabits per second (Mbps) supported for tens of
thousands of users; at least one gigabit per second (Gbps) to be
offered simultaneously to tens of users (e.g., tens of workers on
the same office floor); several hundreds of thousands of
simultaneous connections supported for massive sensor deployments;
spectral efficiency significantly enhanced compared to 4G;
improvement in coverage relative to 4G; signaling efficiency
enhanced compared to 4G; and/or latency significantly reduced
compared to LTE.
[0140] As used herein, the term "infer" or "inference" refers
generally to the process of reasoning about, or inferring states
of, the system, environment, user, and/or intent from a set of
observations as captured via events and/or data. Captured data and
events can include user data, device data, environment data, data
from sensors, sensor data, application data, implicit data,
explicit data, etc. Inference can be employed to identify a
specific context or action, or can generate a probability
distribution over states of interest based on a consideration of
data and events, for example.
[0141] Inference can also refer to techniques employed for
composing higher-level events from a set of events and/or data.
Such inference results in the construction of new events or actions
from a set of observed events and/or stored event data, whether the
events are correlated in close temporal proximity, and whether the
events and data come from one or several event and data sources.
Various classification procedures and/or systems (e.g., support
vector machines, neural networks, expert systems, Bayesian belief
networks, fuzzy logic, and data fusion engines) can be employed in
connection with performing automatic and/or inferred action in
connection with the disclosed subject matter.
[0142] In addition, the various embodiments can be implemented as a
method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard
programming and/or engineering techniques to produce software,
firmware, hardware, or any combination thereof to control a
computer to implement the disclosed subject matter. The term
"article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a
computer program accessible from any computer-readable device,
machine-readable device, computer-readable carrier,
computer-readable media, machine-readable media, computer-readable
(or machine-readable) storage/communication media. For example,
computer-readable media can comprise, but are not limited to, a
magnetic storage device, e.g., hard disk; floppy disk; magnetic
strip(s); an optical disk (e.g., compact disk (CD), a digital video
disc (DVD), a Blu-ray Disc.TM. (BD)); a smart card; a flash memory
device (e.g., card, stick, key drive); and/or a virtual device that
emulates a storage device and/or any of the above computer-readable
media. Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize many
modifications can be made to this configuration without departing
from the scope or spirit of the various embodiments
[0143] The above description of illustrated embodiments of the
subject disclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is
not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments
to the precise forms disclosed. While specific embodiments and
examples are described herein for illustrative purposes, various
modifications are possible that are considered within the scope of
such embodiments and examples, as those skilled in the relevant art
can recognize.
[0144] In this regard, while the subject matter has been described
herein in connection with various embodiments and corresponding
figures, where applicable, it is to be understood that other
similar embodiments can be used or modifications and additions can
be made to the described embodiments for performing the same,
similar, alternative, or substitute function of the disclosed
subject matter without deviating therefrom. Therefore, the
disclosed subject matter should not be limited to any single
embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed in
breadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.
* * * * *