U.S. patent application number 17/688216 was filed with the patent office on 2022-06-16 for fuel including poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide.
The applicant listed for this patent is HEMOTEK LLC. Invention is credited to John W. Woodmansee, JR..
Application Number | 20220186131 17/688216 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000006181922 |
Filed Date | 2022-06-16 |
United States Patent
Application |
20220186131 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Woodmansee, JR.; John W. |
June 16, 2022 |
FUEL INCLUDING POLY-OXYGENATED METAL HYDROXIDE
Abstract
A composition including poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide material
that comprises a clathrate containing oxygen gas (O.sub.2)
molecules free of chlorine and a fuel. The poly-oxygenated metal
hydroxide material, such as OX66.TM. material, is added to a fuel,
such as, but not limited to, fuels such as petrol, alcohol and
diesel, which are combustible in engines to create significantly
increased horsepower and torque. The OX66.TM. material is added to
fuel in different ratios to generate improved performance. The
different ratios are based on several factors including the type
and design of the engine, the type of fuel, and environmental
parameters.
Inventors: |
Woodmansee, JR.; John W.;
(Frisco, TX) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
HEMOTEK LLC |
Frisco |
TX |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000006181922 |
Appl. No.: |
17/688216 |
Filed: |
March 7, 2022 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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17191394 |
Mar 3, 2021 |
11274259 |
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17688216 |
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|
16505208 |
Jul 8, 2019 |
10941363 |
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17191394 |
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16259426 |
Jan 28, 2019 |
10344234 |
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16505208 |
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62632126 |
Feb 19, 2018 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
C10L 2200/0423 20130101;
C10L 2250/06 20130101; C10L 2200/0218 20130101; C10L 1/1233
20130101; C10L 2270/02 20130101; C10L 2200/0446 20130101; C10L
2200/0254 20130101 |
International
Class: |
C10L 1/12 20060101
C10L001/12 |
Claims
1. A composition, comprising: a fuel; and a poly-oxygenated metal
hydroxide comprising a clathrate containing oxygen gas molecules
disposed in the fuel, wherein the poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide
is chlorine free.
2. The composition as specified in claim 1, wherein the fuel is a
fluid.
3. The composition as specified in claim 1, wherein the fuel is
combustible.
4. The composition as specified in claim 3, wherein the fuel is
combustible by an internal combustion engine.
5. The composition as specified in claim 1, wherein the fuel
comprises a petroleum-based fuel.
6. The composition as specified in claim 1, wherein the
poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide is solubilized in the fuel.
7. The composition as specified in claim 1, wherein the
poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide has particle sizes each less than
or equal to 200 microns.
8. The composition as specified in claim 1, wherein the ratio by
volume of fuel to the poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide is at least
100:1.
9. The composition as specified in claim 1, wherein the ratio by
volume of fuel to the poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide is at least
200:1.
10. A method, comprising: combusting a composition comprising a
fuel, and a poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide comprising a clathrate
containing oxygen gas molecules disposed in the fuel, wherein the
poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide is chlorine free.
11. The method as specified in claim 10, wherein the ratio by
volume of fuel to the poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide is at least
100:1.
12. The method as specified in claim 10, wherein the ratio by
volume of fuel to the poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide is at least
200:1.
13. The method as specified in claim 10, wherein the fuel is a
fluid.
14. The method as specified in claim 10, wherein the fuel comprises
a petroleum-based fuel.
15. The method as specified in claim 10, wherein the
poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide is solubilized in the fuel.
16. The method as specified in claim 10, wherein the
poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide has particle sizes each less than
or equal to 200 microns.
Description
CLAIM OF PRIORITY
[0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No.
17/191,394 filed Mar. 3, 2021 entitled FUEL INCLUDING
POLY-OXYGENATED ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE issued as U.S. Pat. No.
11,274,259, which is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 16/505,208
filed Jul. 8, 2019 entitled FILTER INCLUDING POLY-OXYGENATED
ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE FOR REMOVING NOX, issued as U.S. Pat. No.
10,941,363, which is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 16/259,426
filed Jan. 28, 2019 entitled FUEL INCLUDING POLY-OXYGENATED METAL
HYDROXIDE, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,344,234.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] The present invention is directed to a fuel including a
poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide.
BACKGROUND
[0003] A poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide material that comprises a
clathrate containing oxygen gas (O.sub.2) molecules is marketed as
OX66.TM. and is manufactured by and available from Hemotek LLC of
Plano, Tex. The OX66.TM. material is soluble and has the unique
properties of holding oxygen gas (O.sub.2) molecules in the
clathrate, which oxygen gas molecules are freely released when
added to other materials including fluids. The OX66.TM. material is
a white powder and is also referred to as a powder in this
disclosure.
[0004] An internal combustion engine (ICE) is a heat engine where
the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a
combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid
flow circuit. In an internal combustion engine, the expansion of
the high-temperature and high-pressure gases produced by combustion
applies direct force to some component of the engine. The force is
applied typically to pistons, turbine blades, rotor or a nozzle.
This force moves the component over a distance, transforming
chemical energy into useful mechanical energy.
[0005] The term internal combustion engine usually refers to an
engine in which combustion is intermittent, such as the more
familiar four-stroke and two-stroke piston engines, along with
variants, such as the six-stroke piston engine and the Wankel
rotary engine. A second class of internal combustion engines use
continuous combustion: gas turbines, jet engines and most rocket
engines, each of which are internal combustion engines on the same
principle as previously described. Firearms are also a form of
internal combustion engine.
[0006] In contrast, in external combustion engines, such as steam
or Stirling engines, energy is delivered to a working fluid not
consisting of, mixed with, or contaminated by combustion products.
Working fluids can be air, hot water, pressurized water or even
liquid sodium, heated in a boiler. ICEs are usually powered by
energy-dense fuels such as gasoline or diesel, liquids derived from
fossil fuels. While there are many stationary applications, most
ICEs are used in mobile applications and am the dominant power
supply for vehicles such as cars, aircraft, and boats.
[0007] Typically an ICE is fed with fossil fuels like natural gas
or petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel fuel or fuel oil.
There is a growing usage of renewable fuels like biodiesel for CI
(compression ignition) engines and bioethanol or methanol for SI
(spark ignition) engines. Hydrogen is sometimes used, and can be
obtained from either fossil fuels or renewable energy.
[0008] Engines typically exhaust NOx in an effluent gas. The NOx is
harmful to people and the environment.
SUMMARY
[0009] A composition including poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide
material that comprises a clathrate containing oxygen gas (O.sub.2)
molecules free of chlorine and a fuel. The poly-oxygenated metal
hydroxide material, such as OX66.TM. material, is added to a fuel,
such as, but not limited to, fuels such as petrol, alcohol and
diesel, which are combustible in engines to create significantly
increased horsepower and torque. The OX66.TM. material is added to
fuel in different ratios to generate improved performance. The
different ratios are based on several factors including the type
and design of the engine, the type of fuel, and environmental
parameters.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0010] FIG. 1 illustrates a typical combustion engine combusting
fuel including the OX66.TM. material according to a method and
system of the disclosure;
[0011] FIG. 2 illustrates an improvement in horsepower, and
movement of the AFR between the two dyno runs;
[0012] FIG. 3 illustrates an improvement in torque, and movement of
the AFR between the two dyno runs;
[0013] FIG. 4 illustrates a filter whereby gas or excess effluent
is passed through a poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide comprising a
clathrate such that the NOx is attached to the clathrate and held
in stasis;
[0014] FIG. 5 illustrates a replaceable cartridge including the
OX66.TM. material;
[0015] FIG. 6 illustrates collecting and perhaps bagging effluent
residuals and a cone bottomed unit; and
[0016] FIG. 7 illustrates adding the OX66.TM. material in the
re-injection stream post the catalytic converter.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The OX66.TM. material typically has the configuration of a
white powder and is also referred to as a powder in this document.
The OX66.TM. material is a poly-oxygenated aluminum hydroxide
comprising a clathrate that contains oxygen gas molecules
(O.sub.2). The OX66.TM. material is patented and described in U.S.
patents and patent applications, including U.S. Pat. No. 9,801,906
B2 and U.S. Pat. No. 9,980,909 B2, the teachings of which are
incorporated herein by reference. As described in U.S. Pat. No.
9,980,909, the OX66.TM. material is soluble, and may be chlorine
free. The surface area of the OX66.TM. material is immense due to
the shape of each of the particles of the material. This immense
surface area creates an absorption of surrounding materials, such
as oxygen, water, and so forth which is a multiplier of any oxygen
gas content inherent in the material.
[0018] Applicant has discovered a new and advantageous use of the
OX66.TM. material when combined/mixed with a fuel, such as, but not
limited to, petrol, alcohol and diesel. The freely releasable
oxygen gas molecules O.sub.2 of the clathrate significantly
increase the energy released when combusting the fuel. Only a small
portion of the OX66.TM. material is needed to significantly
increase the energy created, such as to increase both horsepower
and torque of an internal combustion engine. For instance, the mix
ratio by volume of fuel to OX66.TM. material can be about 100:1, or
less, such as 200:1.
[0019] In testing prior to trying a fuel including the OX66.TM.
material in a vehicle engine, it was discovered that a quantity of
the OX66.TM. material solubilized with liquid fuels, including
gasoline, alcohol, and diesel etc. With large amounts of the
OX66.TM. material mixed with the fuel, the absorption or suspension
of the powder seemed to reach a point where no obvious reaction was
noticed, and the result was the powder and fuel mixture turned into
a gelatinous sludge. In test tubes, at lower volumetric
combinations it was discovered there appeared to be an optimum
point where the powder and the fuel interacted quite actively,
producing a gaseous reaction bubbling the fuel almost like
carbonated water. It was discovered that there is a defined range
where the mixture of the fuel and the powder is optimum for the
absorptive and oxygenating effects of the powder. It was discovered
that there is visual evidence of reaction at approximately 100 to 1
fuel to powder volumetrically. One important discovery is that
there is a point where too much powder results in an excessive
residue or gelatinous sludge. As the amount of powder is reduced,
that is, as the ratio is increased, the resulting compound seems to
achieve an optimum saturation where the maximum fuel is released.
The OX66.TM. material is soluble in a fluid, and it was discovered
that the material is also soluble in the fuel. Precise measurement
of oxygen gas quantities and the cross between the solids and the
liquid components are only approximations of volume.
[0020] For vehicular engine testing, extremely small quantities of
the powder compared to the fuel was used, about a 100 to 1 mixture
by volume, or about a thimble full of powder per gallon of 91
Octane gasoline. The powder was solubilized in the fuel. A 1933
Ford engine 10 was connected to a dynamometer 12, as illustrated in
FIG. 1, and the 100 to 1 mix ratio by volume of the 91 Octane
gasoline to powder was combusted by the engine. One initial
discovery was the leaning out the fuel air mixture with the powder
material. Without the means to measure or analyze the resulting
compound and mixture components we continued dynamometer testing of
mixture, tuning the engine carburetor by adjusting the air fuel
mixture.
[0021] The charts shown in FIGS. 2-3 show an increase of
approximately 1.9 units from a very rich air fuel ratio (AFR)
mixture of 10 to a leaner mixture of 11.9 over the course of the
testing. FIGS. 2-3 represent runs at the beginning and end to
illustrate the changes in engine 10 performance measured through
the testing at an approximately 100 to 1 mixture. FIGS. 2-3 clearly
indicate significant improvement in horsepower, torque,
particularly at the lower rpm end but also throughout the entire
rpm range, and movement of the AFR between the two dyno runs.
[0022] There are differing methods for delivering the powder to the
fuel, such as a meth spray kit with water or meth mixed with the
powder.
[0023] As shown in FIG. 2, the engine horsepower (hp) significantly
increases compared to using the same fuel without the OX66.TM.
material. As illustrated, at 3200 rpms, the engine horsepower is
increased from about 90 hp to 160 hp when burning the fuel
including the powder. This is an increase of 70 hp, about 77%. At
about 3600 rpms, the horsepower increases from about 125 hp to 180
hp when burning the fuel including the powder, an increase of about
44%. At about 4150 rpms, the horsepower increases from about 200 hp
to 260 hp, an increase of about 30%. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the
increase of horsepower using fuel including the OX66.TM. material
is significant, particularly from engine speeds of 0 to 5000 rpm.
Notably, the horsepower is increased over the entire range of rpm
using the fuel including the powder as compared to using fuel
only.
[0024] As shown in FIG. 3, which corresponds to the same testing of
FIG. 2, the engine torque significantly increases when burning the
fuel including the powder as compared burning fuel without the
OX66.TM. material. As illustrated, at 3200 rpms, the engine torque
is increased from about 150 ft-lbs to 240 ft-lbs when burning the
fuel including the powder, as compared to burning the fuel without
using the powder, an increase of about 60%, which is huge. At 3600
rpms, the engine torque is increased from about 200 ft-lbs to 290
ft-lbs, an increase of about 45%. The torque generated when
combusting the fuel with and without the OX66.TM. material is about
even at about 4800 rpms. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the increase of
engine torque using fuel including the OX66.TM. material is
significant, particularly from engine speeds of 0 to 4300 rpm.
[0025] In some applications, the particle size of the OX66.TM.
material can be limited in size, and/or homogenous. For instance,
the particle sizes can all be less than a particular limit, such as
under 200 microns, 100 microns, and 50 microns. This sizing can
help increase solubility in the fuel, and also to avoid creating a
residue or clogging certain components or passageways in a device,
such as an engine.
[0026] The ratio of the fuel to powder can be higher than 100:1,
such as 200:1 or greater. The ratio can be less than 100:1, such as
80:1, but the sludge factor becomes an issue. The ratio can depend
on many factors such as the desired increase in power vs. the cost,
and the affect of the powder on a particular engine.
Embodiment 2
[0027] Nitrogen liberated in the presence of not fully combusted
oxygen creates a number of nitrogen-oxygen effluents that are
generally referred to as "NOx" gases.
[0028] Nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide are referred to together
as oxides of nitrogen (NOx). NOx gases react to form smog and acid
rain as well as being central to the formation of fine particles
(PM) and ground level ozone, both of which are associated with
adverse health effects.
[0029] The effluent gas is particularly pervasive in diesel
engines, gas turbines, power plant boilers, and process furnaces.
However, it is also true that if the gasoline fueled internal
combustion engine has an after-burner to destroy the pollutants CO
and hydrocarbons, this combined system necessarily uses excess air
and heat and as a consequence of the additional heat to the
effluent, NOx gases are produced.
[0030] According to this disclosure, one process for removing the
NOx from the effluent gas stream is as follows. The gas or excess
effluent is passed through a poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide
comprising a clathrate, such that the NOx is attached to the
clathrate and held in stasis such as shown at 40 in FIG. 4. The NOx
is held in stasis across a wide range of temperatures to over 1200
degrees centigrade since the clathrate liberates small amounts of
water at 100 C and it remains soluble and reactive at over 1200
degrees C. The poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide may comprise a
poly-oxygenated aluminum hydroxide, such as OX661 manufactured by
Hemotek LLC of Plano, Tex. This type of filtration system can
require cleaning when the extraction media (the OX66.TM.) gets
spent or contaminated to a less than desirable saturation
point.
[0031] One simple answer to that problem is to use a replaceable
cartridge including the OX66.TM. material like the one shown at 50
in FIG. 5.
[0032] It is understood in the art that higher temperatures are
useful for performance of particularly diesel engines. The elevated
NOx amounts that result from such elevated temperatures, however,
have forced operators to reduce temperatures where possible to meet
environmental limits. It is known that other methods such as
ammonia or amine extraction methods are not possible at elevated
temperatures. Advantageously, the OX66.TM. clathrate is stable and
absorbs and holds NOx gases from -25 degrees C. to well over the
operational upper limits of the offending engines.
[0033] Process methods include cartridge type devices that hold the
poly-oxygenated metal clathrate but by design allow the gasses to
pass through, collect the nitrogen and not pass out of operational
volumes by leakage.
[0034] One embodiment includes a cloud chamber where the effluent
and the clathrate react, and then the residual gas can pass through
a membrane type filter to allow the clathrate to be captured and
reused to saturation. The saturation point will affect the designs.
A cartridge design is one easy way to do the job. At some point the
cartridge will saturate with N and ease of removal is a design
need.
[0035] When a cartridge becomes saturated the retained N material
can be used as a substantially important fertilizer that will
supply much needed nitrogen to crops, but it will not be in an
explosive state like various nitrates. Further, the cartridge is
light and easy to disperse, handle, and use.
[0036] In the case of OX66.TM., the nitrogen enriched clathrate may
have dynamic use. Collecting and perhaps bagging the effluent
residuals and a cone bottomed unit as shown at 60 in FIG. 6 allows
the collection and bagging for residual and other uses.
[0037] One of the deliveries of the filtered nitrogen rich oxygen
powder can be air drops and dropped into cumulus clouds where
"seeding" occurs and the resulting rain would not become acid rain
since the oxygen of the clathrate will hold it in a stable rain
drop solution.
[0038] Adding nano sized poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide particles
into a fuel stream of an engine is another use.
[0039] Adding the same material in the re-injection stream post the
catalytic converter is another method, as shown at 70 in FIG.
7.
[0040] If the target is simply the exhaust at the manifold level,
allowances need to be made for the engineering for back pressure
considerations on the engine itself.
[0041] Nano sized poly-oxygenated metal hydroxide particles can
have uses in deep diving breathing and survival apparatus to
prevent nitrogenation of the blood (the bends).
[0042] Other substantial uses include uses in long term space
flights. It has the appeal of being very light and weight is always
a consideration in space liftoff/weight limitations. (NASA
currently uses $10,000 per pound for payload lifting costs to Earth
orbit.)
[0043] The second most common element in the universe is Helium.
The clathrate may hold substantial amounts of helium that is a
natural byproduct from natural gas combustion. As the electrical
power industry converts more and more to methane use the potential
for a novel helium scrubber/capture mechanism is possible and the
method to extract the helium might just be thermal. The release of
the gases from the clathrate may all be thermally controllable.
[0044] The OX66.TM. material may also be used as a leavening agent
to aid in the production of unleavened breads. The material can
scavenge the oxygen from the batter or during the cooking or
pre-cooking stages, resulting in a dynamic step toward fully
unleavened breads that are highly sought and valued.
[0045] A mechanical use for particularly a nano-sized OX66.TM.
material is as a super polishing agent for rayon and even silk
cloth. This solves the current problem in using low level lasers to
do the job and the super-smooth base material has a future in
biological computers that will not be silicon based or will need a
reliable biological inner-face with a silicon surface. Now thinking
for advancing "Moore's Law" for transistors is being directed
toward quantum-based units that have biological
infrastructures.
[0046] Using the nano particle base OX66.TM. material has multiple
uses. One use is as a mechanical abrasive to polish the surface and
not risk burn or hot spots due to the use of vapor or laser honing.
Another use is as a non-conductive insulator between organic layers
to produce N-P orbital structures for photo voltaic and even
thermal voltaic substrates.
[0047] The foregoing disclosure has been set forth merely to
illustrate the disclosure and is not intended to be limiting. It
will be appreciated that modifications, variations and additional
embodiments are covered by the above teachings and within the
purview of the appended claims without departing from the spirit
and intended scope of the disclosure. Since modifications of the
disclosed embodiments incorporating the spirit and substance of the
disclosure may occur to persons skilled in the art, the disclosure
should be construed to include everything within the scope of the
appended claims and equivalents thereof.
* * * * *