U.S. patent application number 17/540828 was filed with the patent office on 2022-06-09 for supporting device for laying tiles.
The applicant listed for this patent is RAIMONDI S.P.A.. Invention is credited to Riccardo SIGHINOLFI.
Application Number | 20220178152 17/540828 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000006053414 |
Filed Date | 2022-06-09 |
United States Patent
Application |
20220178152 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
SIGHINOLFI; Riccardo |
June 9, 2022 |
SUPPORTING DEVICE FOR LAYING TILES
Abstract
A supporting device (10) for laying tiles comprising: a base
(20); a separator element (30) projecting from the base; and a
pusher element (50) adapted to cooperate with the separator element
(30), wherein the base (20) comprises two flaps (23) arranged at
opposite sides with respect to the separator element (30), wherein
the flaps (23) are tilted between each other and form a dihedral
angle lower than the straight angle opposite to the separator
element (30).
Inventors: |
SIGHINOLFI; Riccardo;
(RUBIERA (RE), IT) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
RAIMONDI S.P.A. |
MODENA |
|
IT |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000006053414 |
Appl. No.: |
17/540828 |
Filed: |
December 2, 2021 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04F 21/0092
20130101 |
International
Class: |
E04F 21/00 20060101
E04F021/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 4, 2020 |
IT |
102020000029930 |
Claims
1. A supporting device for laying tiles comprising: a base; a
separator element projecting from the base; and a pusher element
adapted to cooperate with the separator element and provided with a
planar end adapted to be directed towards the base, a washer
provided with a pass-through opening configured to be fitted onto
the separator element, so as to be interposed between the pusher
element and the base; wherein the base comprises two flaps arranged
at opposite sides with respect to the separator element, wherein
the flaps are tilted between each other and form a dihedral angle
lower than the straight angle opposite to the separator element;
and wherein the washer comprises at least a first planar surface
directed towards the pusher element and a second surface directed
towards the base, wherein the second surface comprises at least a
pair of support planes arranged on opposite sides with respect to
the pass-through opening, wherein the support planes of the pair of
support planes are tilted between each other and form an additional
dihedral angle lower than the straight angle.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the dihedral angle
substantially ranges from 110.degree. to 85.degree..
3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the separator element
rises along a direction that is parallel to a plane bisecting the
dihedral angle and orthogonal to a vertex edge of the dihedral
angle.
4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the flaps are at least
partially flexible, for example elastically, and/or rotatably
coupled to the separator element at a hinge axis parallel or
coincident with a vertex edge of the dihedral angle formed
therefrom.
5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the pusher element is
movably associated to the separator element, at least approaching
from the base along a movement axis laying on a plane bisecting the
dihedral angle and orthogonal to a vertex edge of the dihedral
angle.
6. The device according to claim 1, wherein each of the flaps
comprises one first surface internal with respect to the dihedral
angle and one oppo-site second surface external to the dihedral
angle that is substantially parallel to the first surface of the
same flap, the separator element comprises a base end joined to the
base at a peak edge of the base wherein the second surfaces of the
flaps converge.
7. The device according to claim 1, wherein at least a portion of
the separator element is connected to the base in a frangible
manner, by a pre-established fracture line or section.
8. The device according to claim 1, wherein the additional dihedral
angle formed by the support planes of the second surface of the
washer ranges from 110.degree. to 85.degree. and/or is congruent to
the dihedral angle formed by the flaps of the base.
9. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first surface is
configured to come into contact with the planar end of the pusher
element and, preferably is orthogonal to a pass-through axis of the
pass-through opening.
10. The device according to claim 1, wherein the separator element
comprises a threaded stem to which the pusher element can be
screwed.
11. The device according to claim 1, wherein the pusher element
comprises a pressure wedge.
12. The device according to claim 1, wherein the washer comprises a
supporting surface directed towards the pusher element, wherein the
supporting surface is planar and parallel to the first surface, the
pusher element being configured such that its planar end can
selectively come into contact with the first surface and the
supporting surface of the washer.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a supporting device for
laying tiles, i.e. facilitating the laying of slab-like elements,
such as tiles, slabs, ceramics or other materials. More
particularly, the present invention relates to a supporting device
for laying tiles, which can be used at sharp edges between two
tiles.
PRIOR ART
[0002] As is known, various levelling spacer devices are known in
the field of supporting devices for laying tiles, configured to
space two or more adjacent tiles by a predetermined distance
(called joint) and to ensure that the exposed surfaces thereof are
coplanar.
[0003] There are, for example, various types of levelling devices
which differ essentially according to the pusher element, including
wedge levelling spacer devices, screw levelling spacer devices,
ring nut levelling spacer devices and ratchet levelling spacer
devices.
[0004] A need felt in the sector of laying tiles, whether they are
used for floor and/or step coverings or for (vertical) wall
coverings, is that of improving the relative arrangement of the
tiles that constitute a sharp edge, i.e. that they are arranged
tilted between each other, for example squared.
[0005] In fact, it has been observed that inaccuracies, even
minimal ones, in the laying of tiles at a sharp edge are difficult
to correct or to avoid during the laying phase and remain
particularly visible, as they occur in points that are easy for the
human eye to identify.
[0006] An object of the present invention is to solve these and
other needs of the prior art, with a simple, rational and low-cost
solution.
[0007] In particular, it is an object of the present invention to
facilitate the laying operations of adjacent tiles that constitute
a sharp edge between them, and to ensure and/or enable the
regularity and/or homogeneity of said sharp edge both between the
tiles and along the entire length thereof (for the entire
development thereof), in a manner coordinated with the rest of the
tiled surface.
[0008] Within this scope, an object of the present invention is to
match the edge ends of the tiles which constitute a sharp edge
between them and/or to precisely and repeatably determine the joint
between them.
[0009] These objects are achieved by the features of the invention
set forth in the independent claim. The dependent claims outline
preferred and/or particularly advantageous aspects of the
invention.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
[0010] The invention, in particular, makes available a supporting
device for laying tiles comprising: [0011] a base; [0012] a
separator element projecting from the base; and [0013] a pusher
element adapted to cooperate with the separator element, wherein
the base comprises two flaps arranged at opposite sides with
respect to the separator element, wherein the flaps are tilted
between each other and form a dihedral angle lower than the
straight angle opposite to the separator element.
[0014] Thanks to this solution, it is possible to facilitate the
laying operations of adjacent tiles that constitute a sharp edge
between them, and to ensure and/or enable the regularity and/or
homogeneity of said sharp edge both between the tiles and along the
entire length thereof (for the entire development thereof), in a
manner coordinated with the rest of the tiled surface.
[0015] In particular, thanks to this device, it is possible to
match the edge ends of the tiles which constitute a sharp edge
between them and/or to precisely and repeatably determine the joint
between them.
[0016] For example, the internal dihedral angle formed by the flaps
may be a (non-zero) angle lower than 160.degree., preferably
ranging from 110.degree. to 85.degree., even more preferably
ranging from 110.degree. to 90.degree. (with a tolerance of
.+-.5.degree.).
[0017] In some applications, the dihedral angle can be
substantially equal to a right angle (i.e. it is equal to
90.degree..+-.5.degree.), when the flaps are in an unperturbed
position, i.e. when no thrust force (other than gravity) is acting
on them.
[0018] According to a further aspect of the invention, both flaps
can be tilted (and not coplanar) with respect to the separator
element by an angle (strictly lower than 180.degree., preferably
lower than 160.degree., as described above), which can be the same
for both flaps or different between the flaps.
[0019] According to a further aspect of the invention, the
separator element can rise along a direction parallel to a plane
bisecting the dihedral angle and orthogonal to a vertex edge of the
dihedral angle.
[0020] Preferably, the flaps may be at least partially flexible,
for example elastically, and/or rotatably coupled to the separator
element at a hinge axis (imaginary or real) parallel to or
coincident with a vertex edge of the dihedral angle formed
therefrom.
[0021] In practice, the dihedral angle formed between the flaps can
be variable, for example within a certain range of variability of
.+-.20.degree., preferably .+-.10.degree., with respect to an
opening value ranging from 90.degree. to 150.degree..
[0022] In this way, the flaps can be adapted to the real
inclination of the wall surfaces forming the sharp edge that are to
be covered with the tiles.
[0023] Preferably, the pusher element may be movably associated to
the separator element, at least approaching from the base along a
movement axis laying on a plane bisecting the dihedral angle and
orthogonal to a vertex edge of the dihedral angle. Advantageously,
each of the flaps comprises one first surface internal with respect
to the dihedral angle and one opposite second surface external to
the dihedral angle that is substantially parallel to the first
surface of the same flap, the separator element comprises a base
end joined at the base peak edge wherein the second surfaces of the
flaps converge.
[0024] Furthermore, at least a portion of the separator element is
connected to the base in a frangible manner, by a pre-established
fracture line or section.
[0025] According to a further aspect of the invention, the device
may comprise a washer provided with a pass-through opening
configured to be fitted on the separator element, so as to be
interposed between the pusher element and the base.
[0026] Advantageously, the washer may comprise one first surface
directed towards the pusher element and one second surface directed
towards the base, wherein the second surface comprises two support
planes arranged at opposite parts with respect to the pass-through
opening (e.g. diametrically opposite with respect to the
pass-through axis of the pass-through opening), wherein the support
planes are tilted between each other and/or tiltable and are
configured to form an additional dihedral angle lower than the
straight angle (in use, directed towards the base).
[0027] For example, this additional internal dihedral angle formed
by the support planes may be a (non-zero) angle lower than
160.degree., preferably ranging from 110.degree. to 85.degree.,
even more preferably ranging from 110.degree. to 90.degree. (with a
tolerance of .+-.5.degree.). Preferably, this additional dihedral
angle may be substantially equal to a right angle (i.e. it is equal
to 90.degree..+-.5.degree.) when the support planes are in an
unperturbed position, i.e. when no thrust force (other than
gravity) is acting on them.
[0028] This additional dihedral angle formed by the support planes
of the washer may, for example, be substantially congruent to the
dihedral angle formed by the flaps of the base.
[0029] In one possible embodiment, the support planes are defined
by surfaces of the washer that are at least partially flexible,
e.g. elastically, and/or rotatably coupled to (the plate-like body
forming) the washer, at a hinge axis parallel to (and eccentric to)
or coincident with a central vertex (i.e. a central vertex edge) of
the additional dihedral angle formed therefrom.
[0030] It is not excluded that each of the support planes may be
individually orientable with respect to (the plate-like body that
forms) the washer around a respective parallel (and eccentric)
hinge axis or coincident with a central vertex, i.e. a central
vertex edge, (real or virtual) of the additional dihedral angle
formed therefrom. Furthermore, the first surface can be planar and
orthogonal to a pass-through axis of the pass-through opening,
wherein the first surface is configured to come into contact with a
planar end of the pusher element.
[0031] According to a preferred but not limiting embodiment, the
separator element comprises a threaded stem which the pusher
element can be screwed to.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032] Further features and advantages of the invention will be
more apparent after reading the following description provided by
way of non-limiting example, with the aid of the accompanying
drawings.
[0033] FIG. 1 is an exploded axonometric view of a preferred
embodiment of the device according to the invention.
[0034] FIG. 2 is an axonometric view of a block of the device of
FIG. 1.
[0035] FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2.
[0036] FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 2.
[0037] FIG. 5 is a front plan view of FIG. 2.
[0038] FIG. 6 is a front axonometric view of a washer of the device
of FIG. 1.
[0039] FIG. 7 is a rear axonometric view of FIG. 6.
[0040] FIG. 8 is a side view of FIG. 6.
[0041] FIG. 9 is a front view of FIG. 6.
[0042] FIG. 10 is a front plan view of FIG. 6.
[0043] FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are schematic figures of the
installation of the device of FIG. 1.
[0044] FIG. 13 is an axonometric view of a further embodiment of a
device according to the invention.
[0045] FIG. 14 is a side view of a block of the device of FIG.
13.
[0046] FIG. 15 is a front view of FIG. 14.
[0047] FIG. 16 is a front plan view of FIG. 14.
[0048] FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the installation of the
device of FIG. 13.
[0049] FIG. 18 is an axonometric view of another embodiment of a
device according to the invention.
[0050] FIG. 19 is a side view of a block of the device of FIG.
18.
[0051] FIG. 20 is a front view of FIG. 19.
[0052] FIG. 21 is a front plan view of FIG. 19.
[0053] FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the installation of the
device of FIG. 18.
[0054] FIGS. 23a-23f are views of an alternative embodiment of the
washer of the device according to the invention, respectively an
axonometric top view (FIG. 23a), a top plan view (FIG. 23b), a
front elevation view (FIG. 23c), a side elevation view (FIG. 23d),
a bottom plan view (FIG. 23e) and a bottom axonometric view (FIG.
23f).
[0055] FIGS. 24a-24c are schematic views, respectively axonometric,
in lateral elevation and in plan view from above, of a first device
laying configuration according to the invention provided with the
washer shown in FIGS. 23a-23e.
[0056] FIGS. 25a-25c are schematic views, respectively axonometric,
in lateral elevation and in plan view from above, of a second
device laying configuration according to the invention provided
with the washer shown in FIGS. 23a-23e.
[0057] FIGS. 26a-26b are schematic views, axonometric and in
lateral elevation respectively, of a third device laying
configuration according to the invention provided with the washer
shown in FIGS. 23a-23e.
BEST MODE TO IMPLEMENT THE INVENTION
[0058] With particular reference to such figures, a supporting
device for laying tiles, preferably configured to allow the
(correct) mutual spacing and/or positioning of edges between tiles,
indicated globally by the letter F, has been indicated globally by
10.
[0059] Each tile P is adapted to be laid to cover a surface, for
example at a sharp edge (i.e. preferably an external edge), so as
to cover it.
[0060] Each the P has a large laying surface P1, for example lower
or rear, and an opposite large visible surface P2, for example
upper or front, preferably of homologous shape (for example
polygonal, preferably quadrangular) with respect to the laying
surface P1.
[0061] Each tile P then comprises a plurality of lateral sidewalls
P3, generally squared with the laying surface P1 and the visible
surface P2, which laterally delimit the same tile.
[0062] Furthermore, in order to be able to cover the sharp edge and
define, an additional covering sharp edge at the visible surface
P2, each tile P comprises at least one lateral edge sidewall P4,
which is tilted with respect to the visible surface P2 by an acute
(internal) angle, for example substantially equal to 45.degree.,
preferably but not limitedly by an angle (slightly) lower than
45.degree., i.e. preferably equal to 43.degree.. An apical edge P5
joining the visible surface P2 to the lateral edge sidewall P4
defines, together with another apical edge P5 homologous to an
adjacent tile P (and laid squared with respect thereto), the
additional sharp edge of the aforesaid covering.
[0063] The device 10 comprises a block configured to allow the
(correct) mutual spacing and/or positioning between adjacent tiles
P to define a sharp edge at the respective apical edges P5 and to
act as a tie rod for guiding them (so as to level the two apical
edges P5) following a suitable traction action.
[0064] The device 10, i.e., the block thereof, comprises a base 20,
which is adapted in use to be placed behind the laying surface P1
of the tiles P, for example at the lateral edge sidewalls P4
thereof.
[0065] The base 20 has a plate-like shape, that is, it consists of
a plate-like body, in which the thickness is the smaller dimension
of the base 20.
[0066] The base 20 comprises, as a whole, a rear face 21, adapted
to be arranged at a distance from the laying surface P1 of the
tiles P installed, and an opposite front face 22, adapted to be
arranged proximal to the laying surface P1 of the tiles P and, for
example, at least partially in contact therewith.
[0067] The base 20 is formed by two opposite flaps 23 joined at a
median plane of base 20.
[0068] Each of the flaps 23 defining the base 20 has a respective
portion of the rear face 21 and of the front face 22.
[0069] In practice, each flap 23 has a first internal or rear
surface defining the respective rear face portion 21 of the base 20
and an opposite second external or front surface defining the
respective front face portion 22 of the base 20.
[0070] The thickness (of each flap 23) of the base 20 is defined by
the mutual distance between the (portion of the) rear face 21 and
the (portion of the) front face 22. The front face portion 22 of
each flap 23 (or at least a portion thereof) is in practice
intended to receive in support a portion of the laying surface P1
(for laying) of at least one tile P.
[0071] The front face portion 22 of each flap 23, for this purpose,
defines a support plane. The base 20, as a whole, is adapted to be
immersed in a layer of adhesive which is intended to be covered by
the tiles P, with the rear face 21 directed towards the surface to
be covered and the front face 22 directed towards the overlying
tiles P.
[0072] The base 20 (i.e. the flaps 23 of which it is composed) is
defined by a monolithic body, for example made of a plastic
material (obtained by injection moulding). The flaps 23 are tilted
between each other and form a dihedral angle lower than the
straight angle, wherein said dihedral angle is internal to the
portions of rear face 21 of the flaps 23.
[0073] For example, the dihedral angle formed by the (portions of
rear face 21 of the) flaps 23 is a (non-zero) angle lower than
160.degree., preferably ranging from 110.degree. to 85.degree.,
even more preferably ranging from 110.degree. to 90.degree. (with a
tolerance of .+-.5.degree.). In some applications, the dihedral
angle is substantially equal to a right angle (i.e. it is equal to
90.degree..+-.5.degree.).
[0074] For example, the dihedral angle formed by the flaps 23 is
substantially fixed or, preferably, it is variable (so as to adapt
to the real inclination of the surfaces of the walls which form the
sharp edge to cover).
[0075] For example, the base 20 and/or the flaps 23 may be at least
partially flexible, for example elastically, so as to define,
preferably, at a vertex edge 210 of the dihedral angle formed
therefrom, a (imaginary or real) hinge axis parallel or coincident
with this vertex edge 210.
[0076] In practice, the dihedral angle formed between the flaps 23
is configured (thanks to the aforesaid flexibility of the flaps 23)
to adapt (elastically) to the width of the sharp edge angle of the
surfaces to be covered, when the rear surface 21 is placed in
(forced) contact against said surfaces to be covered.
[0077] The vertex edge 210 of the dihedral angle defined by the
flaps 23 (joining the portions of rear face 21 of each flap 23) is
placed on the aforesaid median plane of the base 20.
[0078] In the examples illustrated, the flaps 23 are substantially
congruent with each other (and symmetrical with respect to the
aforesaid median plane), however, it is not excluded that they may
be different from each other, for example one being longer than the
other (or geometrically asymmetrical).
[0079] The rear face portions 21 of each flap 23 are tilted between
each other by the aforesaid dihedral angle (lower than 180.degree.,
preferably equal to 90.degree..+-.5.degree.).
[0080] The flaps 23, moreover, define an additional external
dihedral angle greater than 180.degree., which is substantially
explementary with respect to the aforesaid dihedral angle.
[0081] In practice, the front face portions 22 of each flap 23 are
tilted between each other by the aforesaid additional explementary
dihedral angle of the dihedral angle formed between the rear face
portions 21 of each flap 23.
[0082] A vertex peak 220 of the additional dihedral angle defined
by the flaps 23 (joining the front face portions 22 of each flap
23) is placed on the aforesaid median plane of the base 20.
[0083] In other words, the rear face 21 defines an intrados surface
of the base 20 (and has a substantially concave inverted "V"
profile), and, for example, the front face 22 defines an extrados
surface of the base 20 (and presents a substantially convex
inverted "V" profile, substantially explementary to the
substantially concave inverted "V" profile defined by the rear
surface 21) For example, the flaps 23 are symmetrical between each
other with respect to the said median plane of the base 20 (which
passes through the vertex edge 210 and/or through the vertex peak
220).
[0084] This median plane, therefore, is also a plane bisecting the
(internal) dihedral angle and/or the additional (external) dihedral
angle defined by the flaps 23. Preferably, the ends that are distal
from the vertex edge 210 (and/or from the vertex peak 220) of each
flap 23 (i.e., the cave ends of each flap 23) are substantially
parallel to the vertex edge 210.
[0085] In practice, each (portion of rear face 21 and/or of the
front face 22 of each) flap 23 has a substantially quadrangular
(e.g., rectangular) shape.
[0086] It is not excluded that each flap 23 may have a different
shape (e.g. polygonal) and/or may consist of a plurality of beams
(either separated or joined between each other), which join at said
vertex edge and/or vertex peak.
[0087] Each flap 23 has a connecting face 230 between the distal
end of the respective rear face portion 21 and the distal end of
the respective front face portion 22, wherein said connecting face
230 is preferably, but not limitedly, tilted with respect to the
front face portion 22 of the same flap 23 by a connecting angle
equal to one-half of the (internal) dihedral angle.
[0088] The device 10, i.e. the block thereof, further comprises a
separator element 30 projecting from the base 20 (in front
thereof), preferably from the front face 22 of the base 20 on the
side opposite with respect to the (internal) dihedral angle formed
by the flaps 23 thereof.
[0089] The separator element 30 is suitable, in use, to fit between
facing lateral edge sidewalls P4 of at least two (or more) tiles P
to be placed side-by-side on site in order to determine the sharp
edge of the aforesaid covering (i.e. the two or more tiles that are
supported with their laying surface P1 on the respective front face
portion 22 of the flaps 23 of the base 20).
[0090] Preferably, the separator element 30 is configured to
contact (at least partially), on opposite sides thereof, such
facing lateral edge sidewalls P4 by defining the width of the
interspace (or joint) between such facing lateral edge sidewalls
P4, that is--mainly--between the apical edges P5 of the tiles
P.
[0091] The separator element 30, as further described below,
projects (starting) from the vertex peak 220 of the front face 22
of the base 20, For example, the separator element 30 has a
longitudinal axis of development, which is, for example, orthogonal
to the vertex edge 210 (and/or to the vertex peak 220) and belongs
to the median plane of the base 20, i.e. to the plane bisecting the
dihedral angle formed by the flaps 23 thereof.
[0092] In practice, the separator element 30 projects from (the
vertex peak 220 of the front face 22 of) the base 20 along a
direction parallel to (and coincident with) this longitudinal axis
(i.e. parallel to, and preferably lying on, the plane bisecting the
dihedral angle and orthogonal to the vertex edge 210 of the same
dihedral angle). In other words, the separator element 30 joins the
front face 22, at the vertex peak 220 thereof, ascending along said
longitudinal axis on the opposite side of the dihedral angle
(formed internally to the portions of rear face 21 of the flaps
23), that is, externally to said dihedral angle.
[0093] The separator element 30 cuts in two (equal parts) the
additional (external) dihedral angle formed internally to the front
face portions 22 of the flaps 23, wherein each half of said
additional dihedral angle is arranged on the side opposite with
respect to the median plane of the base 20 (passing through the
vertex edge 210). The separator element 30 comprises a plate-like
parallelepiped body, for example with a substantially prevalently
rectangular or trapezoidal section, which defines a thin separation
wall.
[0094] In practice, the thickness of the separator element 30 is
the smaller dimension of the separator element.
[0095] The separator element 30 has a width (width being the
dimension of the separator element 30 parallel to the vertex peak
220 from which it is derived), which is lower than or equal to the
width of the base 20 (i.e. the length of the vertex peak 220 and/or
of the vertex edge 210 thereof).
[0096] Preferably, as further described below, the separator
element 30 may have areas of different thickness.
[0097] The separator element 30 comprises, therefore, at least two
opposite faces 31, at least a portion of which is planar (arranged
on opposite sides with respect to said bisecting plane and/or
median plane of the base 20).
[0098] The opposite faces 31 (i.e., the planar portions thereof)
are parallel to each other, and the mutual distance between (the
planar portions of) them defines a calibrated thickness of the
separator element 30 which, in turn, defines the width of the joint
between the lateral edge sidewalls P4 (and thus also of the apical
edges P5) of the tiles P (resting on the flaps 23 of the base
20).
[0099] Each (planar portion of) face 31 of the separator element 30
is tilted with respect to the (portion of) front face 22 of the
respective (and proximal) flap 23 by an angle equal to half of the
additional dihedral (external) angle.
[0100] In practice, each (planar portion of) face 31 of the
separator element 30 is tilted with respect to the (portion of)
front face 22 of the respective (and proximal) flap 23 by an angle
equal to half of the angle explementary to the dihedral (internal)
angle defined by the base 20.
[0101] In practice, each tile P that rests on one of the two
portions of the front surface 22 of the base 20 is adapted to
contact one of the faces 31 of the separator element 30 by means of
a respective lateral edge sidewall P4.
[0102] Furthermore, the separator element 30 has a height
(understood as the dimension along the longitudinal axis) greater
than the thickness of the tiles P to be laid (i.e., the distance
between the visible surface P2 and the laying surface P1), so that
the top of the separator element 30, once the tiles P are resting
(with their laying surface P1) on the respective front face portion
22 of the base 20, protrudes superiorly (abundantly) with respect
to the apical edge P5 of the tiles.
[0103] The separator element 30 has a base end 32 preferably joined
to the base 20, at the vertex peak 220 thereof, and an opposite
free end 33 distal from the base 20. The free end 33 may have, for
example, upper walls sloping from the centre towards the opposite
longitudinal ends and, for example, an increased thickness with
respect to the rest of the separator element 30. Preferably, the
separator element 30 is made as a single (monolithic) body with the
base 20, i.e. for example obtained by moulding plastic material
together with the base.
[0104] At least a (majority) portion of the separator element 30 is
connected to the base 20 in a frangible manner, for example by a
pre-established fracture line or section 34.
[0105] In practice, at least a portion of the separator element 30
is configured to be detached from the base 20 as a result of an
imposed fracture, preferably guided and/or propagating from said
pre-established fracture line or section 34.
[0106] The pre-established fracture line or section 34 can be
configured in various ways according to requirements.
[0107] In practice, the pre-established fracture line or section 34
is configured to define a weakened area, of the thickness and/or
width of the separator element 30, which is configured to fail (for
example due to fragile construction) if subjected to a determined
breaking load (for example impulsive).
[0108] A preferred, but not limiting, embodiment of the
pre-established fracture line or section 34, illustrated in the
figures, is described below.
[0109] In practice, the pre-established fracture line or section 34
is adapted, in use, to be arranged inferiorly to the level of the
apical edge P5 of the tiles P to be spaced and levelled, for
example substantially at the same level as the vertex peak 220 of
the upper face 22 of the base 20 that is, like in the example,
slightly spaced therefrom, in practice placed on the separator
element 30.
[0110] For example, the pre-established fracture line or section 34
is made on the separator element 30 near the vertex peak 220 of the
base 20.
[0111] It is not excluded that the pre-established fracture line or
section 34 may be made at the base end 32 defining the junction
line between the separator element 30 and the vertex peak 220 of
the base 20.
[0112] The pre-established fracture line or section 34, for
example, guides and/or allows and/or defines a fracture line
substantially parallel to the vertex peak 220 of the base 20.
[0113] Thanks to such a pre-established fracture line or section 34
the entire emerging portion of the device 10 with respect to the
apical edges P5 of the tiles P and also at least a substantial
immersed portion of the separator element, comprising most of the
separator element 30, can be easily removed, once the tiles P are
installed and the adhesive supporting them has consolidated.
[0114] Once the fracture has been triggered and propagated, the
portion immersed in the adhesive of the device 10, i.e. the (only)
base 20 (and a small portion of the foot of the separator element
30), remains trapped (disposable) in the adhesive below the laying
surface P1 of the laid tiles P.
[0115] The pre-established fracture line or section 34 (and/or the
fracture triggered by it) develops longitudinally in a direction
parallel to the vertex peak 220 along the entire width of the
separator element 30.
[0116] For example, the separator element 30 may provide one or
more pass-through or blind lightening windows, for example in areas
of the separator element 30 that are proximal to and/or delimited
inferiorly by the vertex peak 220.
[0117] For example, the pre-established fracture line or section 34
has two lateral stretches, which are configured to cut (and cross)
the separator element 30 (i.e., two lateral legs thereof that
laterally surround the window).
[0118] For example, the lateral stretches of the pre-established
fracture line or section 34 comprise, for example, a longitudinal
cut extending longitudinally with a longitudinal axis parallel to
the vertex peak 220.
[0119] The longitudinal cut extends along a predetermined stretch
of the width of the separator element 30, preferably along the
entire width of one leg of the same.
[0120] Preferably, each longitudinal cut defines a respective
portion of the (weakened) area having a reduced cross section,
having a thickness lower than the thickness of the separator
element 30 at the faces 31 thereof.
[0121] Each pre-established fracture section or line 34 may further
comprise at least one fracture trigger element, which is localized
in a predetermined trigger area of the longitudinal cut along its
longitudinal axis.
[0122] The trigger element defines the trigger area of the
longitudinal cut having a reduced thickness.
[0123] This reduced thickness (localized at the trigger element)
can be comprised between the zero thickness (comprised) and the
thickness of the (weakened) area of the longitudinal cut (not
comprised).
[0124] Advantageously, the trigger element is localized near at
least one axial end of the longitudinal cut.
[0125] Preferably, but not limited to, the trigger element is
localized near at least one axial end of the longitudinal cut at a
predetermined non-zero distance therefrom.
[0126] The trigger element comprises or consists of a trigger hole
passing from side to side along the entire thickness of the
separator element 30, in which the pass-through axis of the trigger
hole is transverse (and incident), preferably orthogonal to the
longitudinal axis of the longitudinal cut, i.e. it is orthogonal to
the faces 31.
[0127] The trigger hole is for example with a constant circular
section, that is it has a substantially cylindrical shape, however
it is not excluded that this hole may have different shapes
according to requirements.
[0128] Each lateral stretch of the pre-established fracture section
or line 34 comprises a respective (single) trigger element placed
in proximity to one (only) axial end of the respective longitudinal
cut, preferably the external axial end (distal from the central
window).
[0129] In a preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-12, the device 10
is of the "screw" type.
[0130] In such a case, the block, i.e. the separator element 30
thereof, comprises a threaded stem 40, for example provided with a
male thread 41, which projects from the free end 33 of the
separator element 30, axially extending the same.
[0131] In other words, the threaded stem 40 comprises a base end
joined to (and derived from) the free end 33 of the separator
element 30 and an axially opposite free top end.
[0132] In practice, the screwing axis of the threaded stem 40 is
parallel (and coincident) with the longitudinal axis of the
separator element, i.e. it is orthogonal to the vertex edge 210
(and/or to the vertex peak 220) and belongs to the plane bisecting
the dihedral angle formed by the flaps 23 of the base 20.
[0133] The male thread 41 extends, for example, substantially along
the entire length of the threaded stem 40 and, for example, has a
constant pitch.
[0134] The threaded stem 40 in the example has a substantially
double length with respect to the height of the separator element
30.
[0135] Preferably, the threaded stem 40 is made in a single
(monolithic) body with the separator element 30 (and the block 20),
that is for example obtained by plastic moulding together with the
base.
[0136] The device 10 further comprises a pusher element 50 adapted
to cooperate with the separator element 30, i.e. to exert a
traction action on it, as will become clearer in the following
description.
[0137] The pusher element 50 is defined by a body that is separate
from the block, and configured to cooperate with it.
[0138] The pusher element 50 in the examples shown is defined, as a
whole, by a monolithic body, for example made of a plastic material
(obtained by injection moulding). In the preferred embodiment shown
in FIGS. 1-12, the pusher element 50 is configured to be screwed
onto the threaded stem 40.
[0139] The pusher element 50 comprises a knob 51 having a globally
inverted cup or bowl shape, that is a concave shape (with concavity
directed towards the base 20 installed).
[0140] The knob 51 develops, for example, around a central axis,
adapted to be placed coaxial with the threaded stem 40 when the
pusher element 50 is screwed onto it, as will be better described
below.
[0141] The knob 51 has, in the example, a substantially
truncated-conical or dome shape, that is, it has an enlarged
(lower) end and an opposite tapered top end.
[0142] It is not excluded that the knob 51 may have any other
shape, such as for example cylindrical, like a butterfly, a handle,
or other suitable shape suitable for being gripped by a hand of a
person in charge of the installation for screwing it.
[0143] In the example, the enlarged (lower) end of the knob 51
defines an inlet mouth or cavity 510, for example substantially
circular (coaxial with the central axis of the knob).
[0144] The inlet cavity 510 has, for example, an internal diameter
greater than the external diameter of the male thread 41 of the
threaded stem 40, so that the latter can be fitted axially with
abundant radial clearance inside the inlet cavity 510 of the knob
51.
[0145] More preferably, the inlet cavity 510 has an internal
diameter substantially equal to or slightly greater than the
(maximum) width of the separator element 30, so that the latter (if
necessary) can be fitted axially with radial clearance inside the
inlet cavity 510 of the knob 51, when the pusher element 50 is
screwed onto the threaded stem 40.
[0146] In the shown example, the knob 51 comprises an internal
shell, for example substantially smooth, and a shaped external
shell.
[0147] The external shell of the knob 51, for example, comprises
projections 511 (or ridges), for example in number of 4, to
facilitate the grip and the rotation actuation for screwing the
knob.
[0148] Each projection 511 has, for example, a substantially
triangular shape, preferably with a side orthogonal to the inlet
cavity 510 of the knob 51.
[0149] Furthermore, the knob 51 can have one or more windows 512,
for example pass-through or transparent windows, made at the wall
which joins the enlarged (lower) end of the knob 51 with its
tapered top.
[0150] For example, each window 512 is made at an interspace (or
recess) between two adjacent projections 511.
[0151] Each window 512, in the example, is a pass-through window in
a continuous way from the external shell to the internal shell and
forming a decreasing and connected ramp and, preferably, has a
substantially ogival (rounded and elongated) shape, which is
enlarged towards the (lower) enlarged end of the knob 51.
[0152] It is not excluded that the knob 51 may be entirely
transparent.
[0153] The knob 51 also has a planar end 513 adapted to be directed
towards the base 20 (parallel thereto) when the pusher element 50
is screwed onto the threaded stem 40 and perpendicular to the
central axis of the knob 51.
[0154] The planar end 513 actually delimits perimeterally (with
full development) the inlet cavity 510 of the knob 51.
[0155] The planar end 513 is for example substantially shaped like
a circular crown, preferably defined by the base of a cylindrical
shank coaxial with the central axis and deriving inferiorly from
the cap (truncated-conical) portion of the knob 51.
[0156] In the example, the planar end 513 is defined by a pair of
concentric circular crowns, for example each defined by the base of
a cylindrical shank coaxial with the central axis, as described
above.
[0157] In practice, the planar end 513 is adapted to be directed,
in use, towards the base 20 (or towards the apical edge P5 of the
tiles P resting on the base 20) and defines a perfectly planar
annular surface perpendicular to the central axis of the knob 51.
The knob 51 may comprise, for example at or near the planar end
513, an annular step protruding radially towards the outside of the
knob, for example of the external shell thereof and (also) of the
projections 511.
[0158] The pusher element 50 particularly comprises a screw nut 515
(female thread) configured to couple (with a helical coupling) with
the male thread 41 of the threaded stem 40.
[0159] The screw nut 515 has, for example, a screwing axis
coinciding with the central axis of the knob 51.
[0160] The screw nut 515 is, for example, made at (or near) the
tapered top of the knob 51.
[0161] For example, the screw nut 515 is defined at an upper shank
which projects from the top of the knob 51, for example having a
substantially truncated-conical (or cylindrical or prismatic)
shape.
[0162] The screw nut 515 passes axially from side to side said
upper shank and, for example, at its internal end (i.e. the one
that opens up into the internal shell of the knob 51) is provided
with a lead-in taper to facilitate the axial insertion and the
alignment of the threaded stem 41 with the screw nut 515.
[0163] The screw nut 515 is, advantageously, defined by a
continuous helix, preferably of a plurality of turns.
[0164] It cannot be ruled out that the screw nut 515 may be defined
by discontinuous stretches of one or more helices.
[0165] The pusher element 50 in the example shown is defined, as a
whole, by a monolithic body, for example made of a plastic material
(obtained by injection moulding). In a further possible embodiment
shown in FIGS. 13-17, the device 10 is of the "ratchet" type.
[0166] In such a case, the block, i.e. the separator element 30
thereof, comprises a notched band 45 (which performs the function
of the threaded stem 40 of the "screw" devices), which projects
from the free end 33 of the separator element 30, extending it
axially.
[0167] In other words, the notched band 45 comprises a base end
joined to (and deriving from) the free end 33 of the separator
element 30 and an axially opposite free top end.
[0168] In practice, the notches of the notched band 45 are aligned
along a direction of imposed sliding that is parallel (and
coincident) with the longitudinal axis of the separator element,
i.e. it is orthogonal to the vertex edge 210 (and/or to the vertex
peak 220) and belongs to the plane bisecting the dihedral angle
formed by the flaps 23 of the base 20.
[0169] The notches of the notched band 45 extend, for example,
substantially along the entire length of the notched band and, for
example, it has constant pitch.
[0170] The notched band 45 in the example is substantially twice as
long as the height of the separator element 30.
[0171] Preferably, the notched band 45 is made in a single
(monolithic) body with the separator element 30 (and the block 20),
that is for example obtained by moulding plastic material together
with the base.
[0172] In such an embodiment shown in FIGS. 13-17, the pusher
element 50 is configured to slide along the notched band 45,
engaging the same in a pop-up manner. Preferably, the pop-up
connection is unidirectional, so that the pusher element 50 can
slide on the notched band 45 only when approaching the separator
element 30 (and the base 20)
[0173] The pusher element 50 comprises a cap having an overall
inverted cup or bowl shape, for example truncated pyramidal, i.e. a
concave shape (with concavity directed towards the base 20
installed).
[0174] It is not excluded that the cap may have any other shape,
such as for example conical, cylindrical, like a butterfly, a
handle, or other suitable shape adapted to be gripped by a hand of
a person in charge of the installation for screwing it.
[0175] The cap, moreover, has a planar end (and/or of the coplanar
lower feet) directed towards the base 20 (parallel thereto) when
the pusher element 50 is slidingly associated on the notched band
45 and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the notched
band.
[0176] In practice, the planar end is adapted to be directed, in
use, towards the base 20 (or towards the apical edge P5 of the
tiles P resting on the base 20) and defines a perfectly planar
surface perpendicular to the longitudinal axis A of the separator
element 30.
[0177] The pusher element 50 comprises, in particular, a toothed
slot configured to couple (with a pop-up coupling) with the teeth
of the notched band 45.
[0178] For example, a toothed slot is defined at an upper shank
projecting from the top of the cap and/or at a top wall of the
cap.
[0179] The toothed slot passes axially this top wall of the cap
from side to side and, for example, at its internal end it is
provided with a lead-in taper to facilitate the axial insertion and
alignment of the toothed band 45 in the cap.
[0180] In another possible embodiment shown in FIGS. 18-22, the
device 10 is of the "wedge" type.
[0181] In such a case, the block, i.e. the separator element 30
thereof, at least partially delimits at least one (pass-through)
window 46, which is configured to emerge above the level reached by
the apical edges P5 of the tiles P resting on the portions of the
upper face 22 of the base 20.
[0182] The window 46 is delimited at the top by a bridge 47 (or
crossbar), which develops parallel to the vertex peak 220 (at a
non-zero distance therefrom)
[0183] The bridge 47 is joined to the free end 33 of the separator
element 30, which, in this case, is defined by a central leg or,
preferably, by two separate legs which laterally delimit the window
46.
[0184] In practice, the bridge 47 performs the function of the
threaded stem 40 of the "screw" devices.
[0185] Preferably, the bridge 47 is made in a single (monolithic)
body with the separator element 30 (and the base 20), i.e. for
example obtained by moulding plastic material together with the
base.
[0186] In such an embodiment shown in FIGS. 18-22, the pusher
element 50 is defined by a pressure wedge (e.g. separated or joined
in some way to the respective block). A pressure wedge is a
right-angled wedge, for example it is provided with a planar end
defined by a flat lower surface and adapted to be directed, in use,
towards the vertex peak 220 of the base 20 and an upper surface
tilted with respect to the lower surface and provided, for example,
with abutment elements, such as teeth or knurls.
[0187] The pressure wedge has variable (and steadily growing)
thickness along its longitudinal axis from one tapered end to the
opposite widened end.
[0188] The pressure wedge is configured to be able to be axially
fitted with clearance through the window 46 of the block along an
insertion direction orthogonal to the vertex peak 220 (and to the
vertex edge 210) and orthogonal to the plane bisecting the dihedral
angle formed by the flaps 23 of the base.
[0189] For example, the maximum height of the pressure wedge is
lower than the height of the window 46 (i.e. the distance of the
lower edge of the bridge 47 from the vertex peak 220).
[0190] The lower edge of the bridge (directed towards the vertex
peak 220) is adapted to engage the teeth of the pressure wedge
substantially in a pop-up manner during the axial insertion of the
pressure wedge into the window along the insertion direction.
[0191] The pressure wedge is adapted to be fitted into the window
46 by means of a direct axial thrust parallel to the insertion
direction from the side of maximum height of the pressure
wedge.
[0192] During this insertion, the upper surface of the pressure
wedge comes into forced contact with the lower edge of the bridge
47, exerting a traction action on the separator element 30 (and on
the base 20).
[0193] Furthermore, in addition to those described above, it is
possible to envisage that the device 10 may be of a different type,
such as for example a "ring nut" device or other.
[0194] The device 10 (for each of the above-described embodiments)
further comprises a washer 60 configured to be interposed, in use,
between (the surface of) the pusher element 50 (directed towards
the base 20) and the (front face 22 of) the base 20 (i.e., the
vertex peak 220). In practice, the washer 60 defines a spacer
element or a spacer, which is interposed between (the surface of)
the pusher element 50 (directed towards the base 20) and the (front
face 22 of) the base 20 (i.e. the vertex peak 220), more
specifically between (the visible surface P2 of) the tiles P
(resting on the base 20) and (the surface of) the pusher element 50
(directed towards the base 20).
[0195] For example, the washer 60 is configured to be held
stationary (as will better appear below) with respect to the
visible surface P2 of the tiles P (while resting on it) while the
pusher element 50 is movable (during its pressing action) with
respect to the protection ring nut 60 and/or the visible surface P2
of the tiles P and/or the base 20.
[0196] The washer 60, in the present case, defines an abutment
surface for the pusher element 50 which allows the latter to exert
a traction action on the block, i.e. on the separator element 30
(and/or a thrust action by the base 20 on the laying surface P1 of
the tiles P resting on the flaps 23).
[0197] The washer 60 is, on the whole, a rigid body, i.e. it is not
deformable under the usual (bending) stresses to which it is
subjected when installed, i.e. under the action of the pusher
element 50.
[0198] The washer 60, in this case, comprises a plate-like body 61,
for example with a thin thickness, preferably of a circular shape
(or of any shape according to the requirements, for example
polygonal, like quadrangular or oval or other).
[0199] The plate-like body 61 is provided with a front face
(directed towards the pusher element 50, when in use) and an
opposite rear face (directed towards the base 20, when in use).
[0200] The washer 60, i.e. the plate-like body 61 thereof,
comprises--at its front face--at least a first (front) surface 610
intended to be directed towards the pusher element 50, when in
use.
[0201] The first surface 610 is planar and, for example, defines a
support and/or rubbing surface for the pusher element 50 (i.e., for
the planar end 513 thereof).
[0202] Preferably (as shown, in particular, in FIGS. 6-10 and FIGS.
13-22), but not limitedly, the first surface 610 develops along the
entire front face of the washer 60 (i.e. along a prevailing portion
thereof), i.e. the entire front face of the washer 60 is
planar.
[0203] It cannot be ruled out that the first surface 610 may only
involve a portion of the front face of the washer 60.
[0204] In this case, for example, the front face of the washer 60
might have a lowered area (or a lowering), for example central, as
shown in FIGS. 23a-23f.
[0205] Advantageously, the lowered area extends longitudinally over
an entire dimension (for example a diameter or a width or a length)
of the washer 60.
[0206] Advantageously, the central longitudinal axis of the lowered
area coincides with a diameter of the washer 60.
[0207] The lowered area, for example, has a bottom wall defining
(inside it) a supporting surface 6100 (fully developed along the
central longitudinal axis of the lowered area).
[0208] The supporting surface 6100 is, for example, wholly or at
least partially planar, e.g. parallel to (and not coincident with)
the first surface 610 (i.e. located at a lower level than it).
[0209] For example, the supporting surface 6100 is connected to the
first surface 610 by means of a step.
[0210] Advantageously, the lowered area is interposed between at
least two lateral portions of the front face and/or of the washer
60, wherein the top wall of each lateral portion defines a
respective portion of the aforesaid first (planar) surface 610. For
example, the top walls of the lateral portions (which define the
first surface 610 as a whole) are coplanar with each other and
define, as a whole, a support (and sliding) plane for (any) pusher
element 50 (i.e. for the planar end 513 thereof).
[0211] In practice, the supporting surface 6100 (defined by the
bottom wall of the lowered area) is connected to each portion of
the first surface 610 (defined by the top wall of each lateral
portion) by a respective step, wherein, for example, each step has
a raised surface that is tilted with respect to the supporting
surface 6100 and to the first surface 610, for example orthogonal
thereto.
[0212] The lowered area, in practice, defines a longitudinal
channel (fully developed) on the front face, which is delimited
below by the supporting surface 6100.
[0213] The supporting surface 6100 defines, as a whole, an
auxiliary (and sliding) support plane for a pusher element 50 (i.e.
for the planar end 513 thereof), for example for a pressure wedge
(as shown in the figures). In particular, the lowered area allows
the (axial) insertion of a pressure wedge in those circumstances in
which the thickness of the tiles P to be laid is high (compared to
the height of the separator element 30).
[0214] The planar end 513 of the pressure wedge, in such a case,
can slide axially (sliding) on the supporting surface 6100 by
exerting a thrust orthogonal to the supporting surface on the
washer 60.
[0215] In practice, the front face of the washer 60 is configured
so that at least one of the first surface 610 and the supporting
surface 6100 can be selectively engaged (by defining a support
and/or rubbing contact) by the pusher element 50, depending on the
installation requirements.
[0216] A pusher element 50 (provided with a screw nut 51) for a
"screw" type device 10 is configured to rest (and rub) on the first
surface 610 of the washer 60.
[0217] A pusher element 50 of a pressure wedge type for a "wedge"
type device is configured to selectively rest (and rub) on the
first surface 610 (for an axial sliding in a direction orthogonal
to the longitudinal axis of the lowered area, where provided) or on
the supporting surface 6100 (for an axial sliding in a direction
parallel to the longitudinal axis of the lowered area).
[0218] A pusher element 50 (of the cap type) for a device 10 of the
"ratchet" type is configured to rest on the first surface 610.
[0219] The washer 60 is configured such that the plane defined by
the first surface 610 (and/or by the supporting surface 6100), in
use, is substantially parallel and/or coincident with the planar
end 513 of the pusher element 50 at least when the latter is in
contact (by means of its planar end) with the (first surface 610
and/or the supporting surface 6100 of the) washer.
[0220] The washer 60, moreover, comprises a second (rear) surface
611 opposite to the first surface 610, wherein the second surface
611 is intended to be directed towards the base 20 (i.e. facing the
vertex peak 220 of the front face 22 of the base 20), when in use
(i.e. when the washer 60 is axially interposed between the base 20
and the pusher element 50).
[0221] The second surface 611 of the washer 60 is adapted to come
into contact with the visible surface P2 of the tiles P that are
resting on the (upper surface portion 22 of each flap 23 of the)
base 20 (and remain firmly anchored there during the movement of
the pusher element 50 with respect to the separator element 30
and/or the base 20).
[0222] The second surface 611, in use, is adapted to come into
contact with the visible surface P2 of the tiles P that are resting
on the flaps 23 of the base 20 remaining substantially integral
with it (stationary, without sliding) during the movement (i.e. the
screwing roto-translation or the axial or transversal sliding) of
the pusher element 50 with respect to the separator element 30
(i.e. on the threaded stem 40 or on the notched band 45 or inside
the window 46).
[0223] The second surface 611 comprises at least one pair of
support planes 612 which are tilted and/or tiltable between each
other and which are configured to form an additional internal
dihedral angle lower than the straight angle, preferably congruent
with the dihedral angle formed by the (rear surface portions 21 of
the) flaps 23 of the base 20.
[0224] For example, the additional internal dihedral angle formed
by the pair of support planes 612 is a (non-zero) angle lower than
160.degree., preferably ranging from 110.degree. to 85.degree.,
even more preferably ranging from 110.degree. to 90.degree. (with a
tolerance of .+-.5.degree.), for example fixed or variable.
[0225] In certain applications, the additional internal dihedral
angle formed by the two support planes 612 is a right angle (i.e.
equal to 90.degree..+-.5.degree.), for example fixed or variable.
In practice, the two planes of the pair of support planes 612 join
at a central vertex (real or virtual), i.e. a central vertex edge,
for example defined by a squared recess (complementary to the shape
of the vertex peak 220 of the base 20).
[0226] The central vertex is parallel to the first surface 610 of
the washer 60 and, for example, extends along the entire (maximum)
width of the washer 60.
[0227] In practice, the planes of the pair of support planes 612
extend in the direction parallel to their central vertex along the
entire (maximum) width of the washer 60. The plane bisecting the
additional dihedral angle formed by the pair of support planes 612
is, preferably, orthogonal to the first surface 610 of the washer
60. The planes of the pair of support planes 612, in use, are
configured to each come into contact with the visible surface P2 of
(at least) a tile P resting on a respective flap 23 of the base 20
while remaining substantially integral with it (stationary, without
sliding) during the movement (i.e. the screwing roto-translation or
axial or transverse sliding) of the pusher element 50 with respect
to the separator element 30 (i.e. on the threaded stem 40 or on the
notched band 45 or inside the window 46). In the illustrated
example, the planes of the pair of support planes 612 are rigidly
fixed to (the plate-like body 61 forming) the washer 60.
[0228] It is not excluded that the planes of the pair of support
planes 612 can be rotatably and/or flexibly fixed to (the
plate-like body 61 forming) the washer 60, for example around one
or more hinge and/or folding axes that are parallel (and coinciding
or eccentric) to the central vertex of the additional dihedral
angle formed therefrom. For example, the second surface 611 of the
washer 60 may comprise, as shown in particular in FIGS. 23a-23f, a
plurality of pairs of support planes 612 (as described above), for
example in number of two pairs of support planes 612.
[0229] In this case, the central vertex (i.e. the central vertex
edge) of a pair of support planes 612, i.e. the axis on which this
central vertex of the additional dihedral angle formed by a pair of
support planes 612 lies (and/or the plane bisecting the additional
dihedral angle formed by a pair of support planes 612) is tilted,
preferably orthogonal, to the central vertex (i.e. to the central
vertex edge) of the other pair of support planes 612, i.e. the axis
on which this central vertex of the additional dihedral angle
formed by the other pair of support planes 612 lies (and/or to the
plane bisecting the additional dihedral angle formed by the other
pair of support planes 612).
[0230] In this way, it is possible to position the washer 60 at the
sharp edge between the tiles P, so that the sharp edge between the
tiles P selectively occupies one of the additional dihedral angles
formed by one of the pairs of support surfaces 612 (depending on
the laying requirements).
[0231] For example, a central vertex (i.e., the central vertex
edge) of a pair of support planes 612 is parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the lowered area of the front face (where
provided).
[0232] Preferably, the washer 60 comprises a perimeter shell 613
that is derived (posteriorly) from the perimeter edge of the
plate-like body 61 on the opposite side of the first surface 610,
for example substantially squared with respect to it.
[0233] The perimeter shell 613 is made in a single body with the
plate-like body 61.
[0234] The shell 613, as designed, represents a (first)
anti-bending and/or anti-torsional stiffening element of the
plate-like body 61 and, hence, of the washer 62.
[0235] For example, the perimeter shell 613 is substantially
cylindrical (or prismatic, with a base homologous to the shape of
the plate-like body 61).
[0236] Thus, the perimeter shell 613 has a front axial end joined
to the (perimeter edge of the) plate-like body 61 and an opposite
free rear axial end.
[0237] For example, the rear end is substantially (but not
limitedly) planar, i.e., globally lying on a plane, preferably
parallel to the first surface 610 (or each of them).
[0238] The axial wall of the rear end of the perimeter shell
perimeter 613 defines at least one (end) portion of the second
surface 611 of the washer 60.
[0239] Each pair of support planes 612 may be at least partially
defined at (a portion of) the axial wall of the rear end of the
perimeter shell 613.
[0240] On the perimeter shell 613, at least two (identical) shaped
cracks (inverted "V" shaped), diametrically opposite, are made,
wherein the axial wall stretches of each shaped crack are tilted
between each other defining between them the aforesaid additional
internal dihedral angle (congruent with the dihedral angle formed
between the flaps 23) and converge at a common central (squared)
vertex, which is proximal to the plate-like body 61 (i.e. to the
first surface 610).
[0241] A stretch of the axial wall of each shaped crack is coplanar
to an axial wall stretch of the other shaped crack, so that the
axial wall stretches that are coplanar of the two shaped cracks lie
on one of the support surfaces 612 of a pair of support planes
612.
[0242] In practice, each pair of axial wall stretches which are
coplanar and opposite to each other (aligned along a direction
parallel to the central vertex) defines one of said (two) support
planes 612 of a pair of support planes 612.
[0243] In the event that (as shown in particular in FIGS. 23a-23f)
the washer 60 comprises more than one pair of support planes 612
(e.g. two in number, preferably squared with each other), then at
least one respective plurality of pairs of shaped cracks (inverted
"V" shaped), diametrically opposite, are made on the perimeter
shell 613, as described above.
[0244] Preferably, the washer 60 comprises one or more reinforcing
walls 614 that are derived (posteriorly) from the plate-like body
61 (in areas within the perimeter edge thereof) on the opposite
side of the first surface 610, e.g. substantially squared to
it.
[0245] The reinforcing walls are parallel to each other and,
preferably, orthogonal to the central vertex of the additional
dihedral angle formed by the support planes 612 (as shown in FIGS.
6-10 and FIGS. 13-22) and/or concentric with respect to a central
axis of the washer 60 (orthogonal to the first surface 610).
[0246] For example, each reinforcing wall 614 has a rear end joined
to the plate-like body and an opposite free front end.
[0247] In addition, each reinforcing wall 614 joins at the opposite
axial (lateral) ends to the perimeter shell 613.
[0248] On each reinforcing wall 614, at least one additional shaped
crack (inverted "V" shaped) is made aligned with the shaped cracks
made in the perimeter shell 613, wherein the axial wall stretches
of the shaped crack in each reinforcing wall 614 are tilted between
each other defining between them the aforesaid additional internal
dihedral angle (congruent to the dihedral angle formed between the
flaps 23) and converge at a common central (squared) vertex, which
is proximal to the plate-like body 61 (i.e. to the first surface
610).
[0249] An axial wall stretch of the shaped crack of each
reinforcing wall 614 is coplanar to an axial wall stretch of the
shaped crack of the reinforcing shell 613 on one of the support
planes 612, such that each axial wall stretch of the shaped crack
of each reinforcing wall 614 contributes to defining one of said
(two) support planes 612 of a pair of support planes 612 (in
conjunction with the coplanar axial wall stretches of the shaped
cracks of the perimeter shell 613).
[0250] It may be provided that each pair of support planes 612 is
defined only by the reinforcing walls 614 or only by the perimeter
shell 613 or, as illustrated, by both. It is also not excluded that
the washer 60 is a solid body, in which each pair of support planes
612 is defined by a shaped crack (inverted "V" shaped) defining a
pass-through channel (along a diameter or a dimension parallel to
the first surface 610) from side to side of the washer 60.
[0251] In general, each pair of support planes 612 of the washer 60
is configured to define a sort of prismatic connection with the
visible surface P2 of the (at least) two tiles placed resting on
the flaps 23 of the base 20.
[0252] The washer 60, i.e., the plate-like body 61 thereof, further
comprises a pass-through opening 62 (passing in the axial
direction).
[0253] The pass-through opening 62 has, preferably but not
limitedly, a pass-through axis orthogonal to the first surface 610,
for example coaxial or central thereto.
[0254] The pass-through axis of the pass-through opening 62,
moreover, cuts (orthogonally) the central vertex of the additional
dihedral angle formed between the support planes 612.
[0255] The support planes 612 of each pair of support planes 612
are arranged on opposite sides with respect to the pass-through
opening 62 (i.e. with respect to a plane on which the pass-through
axis and the central vertex of the respective pair of support
planes 612 lie).
[0256] The pass-through opening 62 passes through the plate-like
body 61 from side to side and is open at the upper face and the
opposite lower face thereof.
[0257] The pass-through opening 62 in the illustrated example is
closed perimeterally, however, it is not excluded that it may be
open, for example at a circumferential stretch thereof, actually
defining a crack in the plate-like body which also cuts the
perimeter shell 613.
[0258] In a preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-12, the
pass-through opening 62 has a circular shape.
[0259] For example, the internal diameter (or maximum dimension) of
the pass-through opening 62 is greater than the maximum diameter of
the threaded stem 40 (and lower than the maximum width of the
separator element 30), which can therefore be fitted axially (with
radial clearance) in the pass-through opening 62, allowing the
insertion of the washer 60 between the base 20 and the pusher
element 50.
[0260] It is not excluded that the internal diameter (or maximum
dimension) of the pass-through opening 62 may be greater than the
maximum diameter of the threaded stem 40.
[0261] In an alternative embodiment, the pass-through opening 62
may have any shape with a minimum dimension which is in any case
greater than the maximum diameter of the threaded stem 40.
[0262] Again, alternatively (as shown in FIGS. 13-22, as well as in
FIGS. 23a-23f), the pass-through opening 62 has an elongated shape
like a slit with a longitudinal axis that is radial with respect to
the central axis of the washer 60 and preferably, it crosses the
centre of the washer 60. In practice, this pass-through opening 62
shaped like a slit is centred on the axis of the washer 60.
[0263] The longitudinal axis of the slit defining the pass-through
opening 62 is parallel to the central vertex, i.e. To the central
vertex edge, of a pair of support planes 612. In the example, this
washer 62 shaped like a slit is narrow and long, with a length
slightly greater than the maximum width of the separator element 30
and with a width slightly greater (for example less than twice) the
thickness of the separator element 30.
[0264] Such a pass-through opening 62 shaped like a slit is,
therefore, configured to fit (with clearance) on the separator
element 30 and/or on the notched band 45 and/or on the bridge 47
(and establish a prismatic connection therewith).
[0265] In practice, the separator element 30 and/or the notched
band 45 and/or the bridge 47 can be fitted axially inside the
pass-through opening 62 shaped like a slit. This pass-through
opening 62 shaped like a slit has such a dimension that even the
threaded stem 40 can be fitted (with abundant clearance) axially
inside, for example by presenting an enlarged central area.
[0266] In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 23a-23f, the pass-through
opening 62 can be formed by two slits as described above, squared
with each other, i.e. each with its own longitudinal axis parallel
to the central vertex (i.e. to the central vertex edge) of a
respective pair of support planes 612, in practice conforming the
pass-through opening 62 as a cross.
[0267] One of said slits, therefore, has a longitudinal axis
parallel to the longitudinal axis of the lowered area (where
provided) and the other (which will be engaged by the separator
element when the pusher element 50 is to engage the supporting
surface 6100) orthogonal thereto.
[0268] The pass-through opening 62, at the second surface 611 of
the washer 60 may be surrounded by a shank protruding behind the
plate-like body (concentric to the perimeter shell), which is cut
by the support planes 612.
[0269] Preferably, the washer 60 is defined by a monolithic
(stand-alone) body, for example made of a plastic material,
preferably obtained by injection moulding.
[0270] In light of the above, the operation of the device 10 is as
follows.
[0271] In order to cover a (external) sharp edge with a plurality
of tiles P, it is sufficient to spread a layer of adhesive on it
and, subsequently, it is possible to lay the tiles P on it, so that
the lateral edge sidewalls P4 thereof de facto face each other (at
a reduced distance from each other) and that the apical edges P5 of
the tiles P cover the sharp edge and form an additional covering
sharp edge.
[0272] In practice, if the first tile P is to be arranged, it is
sufficient to position a first block, whose base 20 the vertex edge
210 of the same is substantially directed towards (and in contact
with) the sharp edge to be covered.
[0273] Each rear face portion 21 of the respective flap 23 is
substantially directed towards (and in contact with) a wall to be
covered which forms the sharp edge.
[0274] A respective laying surface P1 of at least one tile P is
laid on each front face portion 22 of the respective flap 23, so
that its lateral edge sidewall P4 is substantially in contact with
a respective face 31 of the separator element 30.
[0275] In this way, the square-angled arrangement and the
equidistance between the visible surfaces P2 of the tiles P
surrounding (the block of) the device 10 is ensured. It is possible
to have more than one block for each pair of tiles P.
[0276] Once the various blocks with the bases 20 have been
positioned with the respective separator elements 30 as described
above, as long as the adhesive has still not completely
consolidated, it is proceeded with the insertion of the
pass-through opening 62 of the washer 60 on the separator element
30 and/or on the threaded stem 40 and/or on the notched band 45
and/or on the bridge 47, with the second surface 611 directed
towards the visible surfaces P2 of the tiles P.
[0277] In practice, at least one of the support planes 612 (or
both) of the washer 60 is brought into contact with at least one
tile P, so that at least one apical edge P5 (or both) is placed at
the central vertex defined between them.
[0278] Subsequently, it is sufficient to apply the pusher element
50 to the emerging portion of the threaded stem 40 and/or of the
notched band 45 and/or of the bridge 47, so that it gradually
exerts its traction action on the separator element 30.
[0279] In practice, in the case illustrated in the preferred
embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-12 and in the embodiments shown in
FIGS. 26a and 26b, the knob 51 is screwed onto the threaded stem 40
bringing the planar end 513 into contact with the first surface 610
of the washer 60.
[0280] At this point the installer, by activating the rotation
(manually or by means of a suitable tool) of the pusher element 50,
for example by gripping the projections 511 with his fingers,
screws the latter onto the threaded stem 40 in such a way as to
exert a gradual, suitably calibrated and controllable pressure on
the visible surface P2 of all the tiles P on which the second
surface 611 of the washer 60 rests and, at the same time, a
traction on the laying surface P1 of the same through the flaps 23
of the base 20.
[0281] During this screwing/tightening rotation, the washer 60
remains firmly integral with the tiles P while being able to slide
axially (along the screwing axis). The planar end 513 of the pusher
element 50, however, slides on the first surface 610 of the washer
60 during the screwing rotation which enables the tightening of the
pusher element 50 and--thus--the levelling of the tiles P.
[0282] With this tightening action, in practice, the apical edges
P5 of the tiles P are aligned with the central edge and are
separated from each other by a (constant and calibrated) distance
defined by the mutual distance between the faces 31 of the
separator element 30 interposed between them. In fact, it allows
the configuration of a uniform and precise covering sharp edge.
[0283] In the case illustrated in the further embodiment shown in
FIGS. 13-17, the cap is made to slide along the notched band
bringing its planar end into contact with the first surface 610 of
the washer 60.
[0284] At this point, the installer, by pushing (manually or by
means of a suitable tool) the pusher element 50 in the axial
direction on the notched band 45, exerts a gradual, suitably
calibrated and controllable pressure on the visible surface P2 of
all the tiles P on which the second surface 611 of the washer 60
rests and, at the same time, a traction on the laying surface P1 of
the same through the flaps 23 of the base 20. With this tightening
action, in practice, the apical edges P5 of the tiles P are aligned
with the central edge and are separated from each other by a
(constant and calibrated) distance defined by the mutual distance
between the faces 31 of the separator element 30 interposed between
them. In fact, it allows the configuration of a uniform and precise
covering sharp edge.
[0285] In the other embodiment shown in FIGS. 18-22 and the
embodiment shown in FIGS. 24a-24c and 25a-25c, the pressure wedge
is made to slide axially (in a transverse direction, i.e. parallel
to the first surface 610) within the window 46, so that its planar
end is in contact with the first surface 610 of the washer 60 (as
shown in FIGS. 18-22 and 24a-24c) or with the supporting surface
6100 (as shown in FIGS. 25a-25c) and its tilted upper surface
engages the bridge 47 in a pop-up manner.
[0286] At this point, the installer, by pushing (manually or by
means of a suitable tool) the pusher element 50 in the axial
(transverse) direction within the window 46, exerts a gradual,
suitably calibrated and controllable pressure on the visible
surface P2 of all the tiles P on which the second surface 611 of
the washer 60 rests and, at the same time, a traction on the laying
surface P1 of the same through the flaps 23 of the base 20.
[0287] With this tightening action, in practice, the apical edges
P5 of the tiles P are aligned with the central edge and are
separated from each other by a (constant and calibrated) distance
defined by the mutual distance between the faces 31 of the
separator element 30 interposed between them. In fact, it allows
the configuration of a uniform and precise covering sharp edge.
[0288] Finally, when the adhesive has consolidated and has set on
the laying surface of the tiles P, it is proceeded with breaking,
for example with an impulsive force (due to a hammer or similar),
the separator element 30 along the pre-established fracture line or
section 34, thus removing the same separator element 30, with the
pusher element 50 associated therewith, in order to be able to
proceed with grouting the joints between the lateral edge sidewalls
P4 of the tiles P without the base 20 being visible on the finished
surface.
[0289] The pusher elements 50 and the washers 60 can then be
reused.
[0290] The invention thus conceived is susceptible to several
modifications and variations, all falling within the scope of the
inventive concept.
[0291] Moreover, all the details can be replaced by other
technically equivalent elements. In practice, the materials used,
as well as the contingent shapes and sizes, can be whatever
according to the requirements without for this reason departing
from the scope of protection of the following claims.
* * * * *