U.S. patent application number 17/576874 was filed with the patent office on 2022-05-19 for phased array emission apparatus, lidar, and automated driving device.
This patent application is currently assigned to SUTENG INNOVATION TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.. The applicant listed for this patent is SUTENG INNOVATION TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.. Invention is credited to Ben NIU, Yalin REN, Jing WANG, Lin ZHU.
Application Number | 20220155421 17/576874 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | |
Filed Date | 2022-05-19 |
United States Patent
Application |
20220155421 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
WANG; Jing ; et al. |
May 19, 2022 |
PHASED ARRAY EMISSION APPARATUS, LIDAR, AND AUTOMATED DRIVING
DEVICE
Abstract
This application pertains to the technical field of LiDAR, and
discloses a phased array emission apparatus, a LiDAR, and an
automated driving device. The phased array emission apparatus
includes an edge coupler, an optical combiner, and a phased array
unit. An output end of the edge coupler is connected to an input
end of the optical combiner, and an output end of the optical
combiner is connected to an input end of the phased array unit. The
edge coupler is configured to input and couple a first optical
signal. The optical combiner is configured to transmit, to the
phased array unit, the first optical signal coupled by the edge
coupler. The phased array unit is configured to split the first
optical signal into several first optical sub-signals and emit the
first optical sub-signals. In the foregoing method, coupling
efficiency can be improved, thereby meeting a low-loss
requirement.
Inventors: |
WANG; Jing; (Shenzhen,
CN) ; REN; Yalin; (Shenzhen, CN) ; NIU;
Ben; (Shenzhen, CN) ; ZHU; Lin; (Shenzhen,
CN) |
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Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
SUTENG INNOVATION TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. |
Shenzhen |
|
CN |
|
|
Assignee: |
SUTENG INNOVATION TECHNOLOGY CO.,
LTD.
Shenzhen
CN
|
Appl. No.: |
17/576874 |
Filed: |
January 14, 2022 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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PCT/CN2019/096767 |
Jul 19, 2019 |
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17576874 |
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International
Class: |
G01S 7/481 20060101
G01S007/481; G01S 17/931 20060101 G01S017/931; G01S 17/10 20060101
G01S017/10 |
Claims
1. A phased array emission apparatus, comprising: an edge coupler,
an optical combiner, and a phased array unit, wherein an output end
of the edge coupler is connected to an input end of the optical
combiner, and an output end of the optical combiner is connected to
an input end of the phased array unit; and wherein the edge coupler
is configured to input and couple a first optical signal, the
optical combiner is configured to transmit, to the phased array
unit, the first optical signal coupled by the edge coupler, and the
phased array unit is configured to split the first optical signal
into a plurality of first optical sub-signals and emit the
plurality of first optical sub-signals.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus
further comprises a grating coupler, wherein an output end of the
grating coupler is connected to the input end of the optical
combiner; and wherein the grating coupler is configured to input
and couple a second optical signal, wherein the optical combiner is
configured to transmit, to the phased array unit, the second
optical signal coupled by the grating coupler, and wherein the
phased array unit is configured to split the second optical signal
into a plurality of second optical sub-signals and emit the
plurality of second optical sub-signals.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the optical combiner
comprises a first port, a second port, and a third port, wherein
the first port is connected to the output end of the edge coupler,
the second port is connected to the output end of the grating
coupler, and the third port is connected to the input end of the
phased array unit; and wherein the optical combiner is configured
to perform one of the following: receive, through the first port,
the first optical signal coupled by the edge coupler, and output,
through the third port, a part of the first optical signal to the
phased array unit based on a preset light splitting ratio of the
first port to the second port, or receive, through the second port,
the second optical signal coupled by the grating coupler, and
output, through the third port, a part of the second optical signal
to the phased array unit based on a preset light splitting ratio of
the first port to the second port.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the preset light
splitting ratio of the first port to the second port is 99:1.
5. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the optical combiner
is a directional coupler.
6. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the optical combiner
is a wavelength multiplexer.
7. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the apparatus
further comprises a light source unit, wherein, in response to the
apparatus being in a detection state, the light source unit is
connected to the grating coupler, and the light source unit is
configured to output the second optical signal to the grating
coupler, and wherein, in response to the apparatus being in a
working state, the light source unit is connected to the edge
coupler, and the light source unit is configured to output the
first optical signal to the edge coupler.
8. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein two or more of the
edge coupler, the grating coupler, the optical combiner, and the
phased array unit are integrated on the same chip.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the phased array
unit comprises: an optical splitter, provided at the output end of
the optical combiner and configured to split the first optical
signal into a plurality of first optical sub-signals; a plurality
of phase shifters, provided at the output end of the optical
splitter and configured to change phases of the plurality of first
optical sub-signals, so that the phases of the plurality of first
optical sub-signals meet a preset phase requirement; and a
plurality of emission antennas, provided at output ends of the
plurality of phase shifters and configured to emit the plurality of
first optical sub-signals.
10. A LiDAR, comprising a phased array emission apparatus and a
phased array receiving apparatus, wherein the phased array emission
apparatus is configured to emit an optical signal and comprises: an
edge coupler, an optical combiner, and a phased array unit, wherein
an output end of the edge coupler is connected to an input end of
the optical combiner, and an output end of the optical combiner is
connected to an input end of the phased array unit, and wherein the
edge coupler is configured to input and couple a first optical
signal, the optical combiner is configured to transmit, to the
phased array unit, the first optical signal coupled by the edge
coupler, and the phased array unit is configured to split the first
optical signal into a plurality of first optical sub-signals and
emit the plurality of first optical sub-signals; and wherein the
phased array receiving apparatus is configured to receive the
optical signal reflected by a detected object.
11. An automated driving device, comprising a LiDAR provided on a
vehicle body, wherein the LiDAR comprises a phased array emission
apparatus and a phased array receiving apparatus, wherein the
phased array emission apparatus is configured to emit an optical
signal and comprises: an edge coupler, an optical combiner, and a
phased array unit, wherein an output end of the edge coupler is
connected to an input end of the optical combiner, and an output
end of the optical combiner is connected to an input end of the
phased array unit, and wherein the edge coupler is configured to
input and couple a first optical signal, the optical combiner is
configured to transmit, to the phased array unit, the first optical
signal coupled by the edge coupler, and the phased array unit is
configured to split the first optical signal into a plurality of
first optical sub-signals and emit the plurality of first optical
sub-signals; and wherein the phased array receiving apparatus is
configured to receive the optical signal reflected by a detected
object.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] The present application is a continuation of International
Application No. PCT/CN2019/096767, filed on Jul. 19, 2019, which is
incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] This application relates to the technical field of LiDAR,
and in particular, to a phased array emission apparatus, a LiDAR,
and an automated driving device.
BACKGROUND
[0003] LiDAR is a radar system that emits a laser beam to detect
feature parameters such as a location and a speed of a target, and
is widely applied to technical fields such as atmospheric
exploration, urban surveying and mapping, ocean exploration,
automated driving, robot technologies, laser television, and laser
three-dimensional imaging.
[0004] Currently, in a phased array LiDAR, a plurality of emission
units emit beams that mutually interfere in space to form far-field
beams. The far-field beams are used to detect an object, and then a
phase difference of light emitted by the emission units is further
adjusted in order to adjust a direction of the far-field beams,
thereby implementing 360-degree scanning. However, during
implementation of the present application, the inventor of the
present application finds that a phased array emission apparatus of
the phased array LiDAR usually uses a grating coupling mode, which
causes a relatively great coupling loss, thereby difficult to meet
a low-loss requirement.
SUMMARY
[0005] Embodiments of this application aim to provide a phased
array emission apparatus, a LiDAR, and an automated driving device,
to improve coupling efficiency and meet a low-loss requirement.
[0006] According to an aspect of an embodiment of this application,
a phased array emission apparatus is provided and includes an edge
coupler, an optical combiner, and a phased array unit. An output
end of the edge coupler is connected to an input end of the optical
combiner, and an output end of the optical combiner is connected to
an input end of the phased array unit. The edge coupler is
configured to input and couple a first optical signal. The optical
combiner is configured to transmit, to the phased array unit, the
first optical signal coupled by the edge coupler. The phased array
unit is configured to split the first optical signal into several
first optical sub-signals and emit the first optical
sub-signals.
[0007] In an optional implementation, the apparatus further
includes a grating coupler. An output end of the grating coupler is
connected to the input end of the optical combiner. The grating
coupler is configured to input and couple a second optical signal.
The optical combiner is configured to transmit, to the phased array
unit, the second optical signal coupled by the grating coupler. The
phased array unit is configured to split the second optical signal
into several second optical sub-signals and emit the second optical
sub-signals.
[0008] In an optional implementation, the optical combiner includes
a first port, a second port, and a third port. The first port is
connected to the output end of the edge coupler, the second port is
connected to the output end of the grating coupler, and the third
port is connected to the input end of the phased array unit. The
optical combiner is configured to receive, through the first port,
the first optical signal coupled by the edge coupler, and output,
through the third port, a part of the first optical signal to the
phased array unit based on a preset light splitting ratio of the
first port to the second port; or to receive, through the second
port, the second optical signal coupled by the grating coupler, and
output, through the third port, a part of the second optical signal
to the phased array unit based on a preset light splitting ratio of
the first port to the second port.
[0009] In an optional implementation, the preset light splitting
ratio of the first port to the second port is 99:1.
[0010] In an optional implementation, the optical combiner is a
directional coupler.
[0011] In an optional implementation, the optical combiner is a
wavelength multiplexer.
[0012] In an optional implementation, the apparatus further
includes a light source unit. When the apparatus is in a detection
state, the light source unit is connected to the grating coupler,
and the light source unit is configured to output the second
optical signal to the grating coupler. When the apparatus is in a
working state, the light source unit is connected to the edge
coupler, and the light source unit is configured to output the
first optical signal to the edge coupler.
[0013] In an optional implementation, two or more of the edge
coupler, the grating coupler, the optical combiner, and the phased
array unit are integrated on the same chip.
[0014] In an optional implementation, the phased array unit
includes an optical splitter, provided at the output end of the
optical combiner and configured to split the first optical signal
into several first optical sub-signals; several phase shifters,
provided at the output end of the optical splitter and configured
to change phases of several first optical sub-signals, so that the
phases of the several first optical sub-signals meet a preset phase
requirement; and several emission antennas, provided at output ends
of the several phase shifters and configured to emit the first
optical sub-signals.
[0015] According to another aspect of an embodiment of this
application, a LiDAR is provided and includes the foregoing phased
array emission apparatus and a phased array receiving apparatus.
The phased array emission apparatus is configured to emit an
optical signal, and the phased array receiving apparatus is
configured to receive an optical signal reflected by a detected
object.
[0016] According to still another aspect of an embodiment of this
application, an automated driving device is provided and includes
the foregoing LiDAR and a vehicle body. The LiDAR is provided on
the vehicle body.
[0017] In the embodiments of this application, the phased array
emission apparatus is provided with the edge coupler, and
therefore, when in the working state (engraving of the wafer has
been completed by then), the phased array emission apparatus uses
the edge coupler to implement a relatively low coupling loss,
thereby improving coupling efficiency and meeting low-loss
requirement in the working state. The phased array emission
apparatus is further provided with the grating coupler, and
therefore, when performance needs to be detected, the phased array
emission apparatus uses the grating coupler to detect performance,
thereby finishing detecting the performance without the need of
engraving the wafer.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DIAGRAMS
[0018] One or more embodiments are described by using examples with
reference to diagrams in drawings corresponding to the embodiments.
These exemplary descriptions do not constitute a limitation to the
embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the
drawings indicate similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the
diagrams in the drawings do not constitute a proportional
limitation.
[0019] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array
emission apparatus according to an embodiment of this
application;
[0020] FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical
combiner in FIG. 1;
[0021] FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array
unit in FIG. 1;
[0022] FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of LiDAR according
to an embodiment of this application; and
[0023] FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an automated
driving device according to an embodiment of this application.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The following describes embodiments of technical solutions
in this application in detail with reference to accompanying
drawings. The following embodiments are only used to describe the
technical solutions of this application more clearly, and
therefore, are only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit
the protection scope of this application.
[0025] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array
emission apparatus according to an embodiment of this application.
The phased array emission apparatus 100 includes an edge coupler
120, an optical combiner 130, and a phased array unit 140.
[0026] An output end of the edge coupler 120 is connected to an
input end of the optical combiner 130, and an output end of the
optical combiner 130 is connected to an input end of the phased
array unit 140. The edge coupler 120 is configured to input and
couple a first optical signal, the optical combiner 130 is
configured to transmit, to the phased array unit 140, the first
optical signal coupled by the edge coupler 120, and the phased
array unit 140 is configured to split the first optical signal into
several first optical sub-signals and emit the first optical
sub-signals. In the foregoing manner, edge coupling is applied to
the phased array emission apparatus 100, to implement a relatively
low coupling loss, thereby improving coupling efficiency and
meeting a low-loss requirement in a working state.
[0027] The phased array emission apparatus 100 further includes a
grating coupler 110. An output end of the grating coupler 110 is
connected to the input end of the optical combiner 130. The grating
coupler 110 is configured to input and couple a second optical
signal, the optical combiner 130 is also configured to transmit, to
the phased array unit 140, the second optical signal coupled by the
grating coupler 110, and the phased array unit 140 is also
configured to split the second optical signal into several second
optical sub-signals and emit the second optical sub-signals. The
phased array emission apparatus 100 uses a grating coupler to
perform performance detection without a need of engraving a
wafer.
[0028] During processing of the phased array emission apparatus
100, the entire wafer is used as a carrier. Generally, the passive
waveguide is completely processed first, and then an active
structure such as a heater is produced. To improve productivity,
after the passive waveguide is completely processed, performance of
devices on the entire wafer is detected, and a subsequent process
is adjusted in a timely manner based on a detection result. In this
embodiment, when performance needs to be detected, the phased array
emission apparatus 100 uses the grating coupler 110 to detect
performance, thereby finishing detecting the performance without
the need of engraving the wafer. When in the working state
(engraving of the wafer has been completed by then), the phased
array emission apparatus 100 uses the edge coupler 120 to implement
a relatively low coupling loss, thereby improving coupling
efficiency and meeting the low-loss requirement in the working
state.
[0029] An input end of the grating coupler 110 is configured to
connect an external light source, so that the grating coupler 110
receives a second optical signal output by the external light
source. The output end of the grating coupler 110 is connected to
the input end of the optical combiner 130, to couple the second
optical signal to the optical combiner 130.
[0030] The edge coupler 120 is literally referred to as an end-face
coupler, and the end-face coupler is a coupler located at an edge
of an optical chip and has advantages of high coupling efficiency
and large working bandwidth. The edge coupler 120 is formed after
the performance detection of the grating coupler 110 is completed.
The edge coupler 120 is configured to input the first optical
signal and couple the first optical signal to the optical combiner
130.
[0031] Optionally, the phased array emission apparatus 100 may
further include a light source unit. The light source unit may be a
laser array of a fixed wavelength. For example, a ruby laser, a
neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser, a helium-neon laser,
an argon ion laser, a laser integrated on a chip, or the like may
be used. Certainly, in some other embodiments, the light source
unit may alternatively be a tunable laser and may be selected based
on an actual application need. When the phased array emission
apparatus 100 is in the working state, the light source unit is
connected to the edge coupler 120, and the light source unit is
configured to output the first optical signal to the edge coupler
120. When the phased array emission apparatus 100 is in a detection
state, the light source unit is connected to the grating coupler
110, and the light source unit is configured to output the second
optical signal to the grating coupler 110. The first optical signal
may be the same as or different from the second optical signal.
However, the first optical signal and the second optical signal are
not input simultaneously, the first optical signal is input only
when the phased array emission apparatus 100 is working, and the
second optical signal is input when the phased array emission
apparatus 100 is detecting the performance.
[0032] The optical combiner 130 may be a directional coupler or a
wavelength multiplexer. For example, when wavelengths of beams in
the first optical signal or the second optical signal are
different, the optical combiner 130 uses a wavelength multiplexer
to integrate the beams of different wavelengths into one optical
signal.
[0033] The optical combiner 130 is a device with four ports. An
input end of the optical combiner 130 is connected to the output
end of the grating coupler 110, and another input end of the
optical combiner 130 is connected to the output end of the edge
coupler 120. An output end of the optical combiner 130 is connected
to an input end of the phased array unit 140, and another output
end of the optical combiner 130 terminates remotely (for example, a
beam terminator can be connected).
[0034] Specifically, referring to FIG. 2, the optical combiner 130
includes a first transmission cable and a second transmission
cable. The first transmission cable and the second transmission
cable are put so close that power on the first transmission cable
can be coupled to the second transmission cable. A first port 131
and a third port 133 are provided at two ends of the first
transmission cable, and a second port 132 and a fourth port 134 are
provided at two ends of the second transmission cable. The first
port 131 and the second port 132 are located on the same side. The
third port 133 and the fourth port 134 are located on the same
side. The first port 131 is connected to the output end of the edge
coupler 120, the second port 132 is connected to the output end of
the grating coupler 110, the third port 133 is connected to the
input end of the phased array unit, and the fourth port 134 stops
remotely.
[0035] In this embodiment, the optical combiner 130 is specifically
configured to receive, through the first port 131, the first
optical signal coupled by the edge coupler 120, and output, through
the third port 133, a part of the first optical signal to the
phased array unit 140 based on a preset light splitting ratio of
the first port 131 to the second port 132; or receive, through the
second port 132, the second optical signal coupled by the grating
coupler 110, and output, through the third port 133, a part of the
second optical signal to the phased array unit 140 based on a
preset light splitting ratio of the first port 131 to the second
port 132.
[0036] A preset light splitting ratio of the first port 131 to the
second port 132 refers to a ratio of light output from the first
port 131 to that output from the second port 132 when light is
input through the third port 133. To receive more light from the
edge coupler 120, the optical combiner 130 should be an uneven
optical combiner, and a light splitting ratio of a port connected
to the edge coupler 120 to a port connected to the grating coupler
110 should be as great as possible. In this embodiment, a preset
light splitting ratio of the first port 131 to the second port 132
is 99:1, that is, when 100% of light is input through the third
port 133, the first port 131 outputs 99% of the light, and the
second port 132 outputs 1% of light. Because a structure of the
optical combiner 130 is centrosymmetric, when the first optical
signal coupled by the edge coupler 120 is input through the second
port 132, 99% of the first optical signal is output from the third
port 133, and 1% of the first optical signal is output from the
fourth port 134; or when the second optical signal coupled by the
grating coupler 110 is input through the first port 131, 1% of the
second optical signal is output from the third port 133, and 99% of
the second optical signal is output from the fourth port 134.
[0037] It should be noted that when detecting performance, the
phased array emission apparatus 100 does not require large input
optical power, and 1% of the second optical signal output from the
third port 133 can also meet the need for detecting the
performance; or when the phased array emission apparatus 100 is
working, the input optical power needs to be as large as possible,
and 99% of the first optical signal output from the third port 133
can meet a requirement in the working state.
[0038] As shown in FIG. 3, the phased array unit 140 includes an
optical splitter 141, several phase shifters 142, and several
emission antennas 143. The optical splitter 141 is provided at the
output end of the optical combiner 130, several phase shifters 142
are provided at output ends of the optical splitter 141, and
several emission antennas 143 are provided at output ends of the
several phase shifters 142.
[0039] The optical splitter 141 is literally an optical path
splitter. The input end of the optical splitter 141 is connected to
the third port 133 of the optical combiner 130, and the output end
of the optical splitter 141 is connected to input ends of several
phase shifters 142. The optical splitter 141 is provided with a
plurality of output ends, and each output end is connected to an
input end of one phase shifter 142. For example, as shown in FIG.
3, the optical splitter 141 is provided with j output ends and j
phase shifters 142, and the j output ends are connected to the j
phase shifters 142 correspondingly.
[0040] In this embodiment, when in a performance detection state,
the optical splitter 141 is configured to split, into several
second optical sub-signals, the second optical signal output by the
optical combiner 130; or when in a working state, the optical
splitter 141 is configured to split, into several first optical
sub-signals, the first optical signal output by the optical
combiner 130. The optical splitter 141 evenly allocates laser
signals, so that each output end outputs the same optical
signal.
[0041] The output ends of the several phase shifters 142 are
connected to input ends of the several emission antennas 143. In
this embodiment, each phase shifter 142 receives the first optical
sub-signal (or the second optical sub-signal) output by the optical
splitter 141, and performs phase modulation on the first optical
sub-signal (or the second optical sub-signal), to change a phase of
the first optical sub-signal (or the second optical sub-signal), so
that phases of several first optical sub-signals (or second optical
sub-signals) meet a preset phase requirement.
[0042] The preset phase requirement refers to a preset phase
relationship between the first optical sub-signals (or the second
optical sub-signals). For example, it is preset that a phase
difference between each two adjacent optical sub-signals is kept
consistent. It is assumed that a phase difference between the first
optical sub-signals (or the second optical sub-signals) emitted by
the phased array emission apparatus 100 is .phi., that is, the
phases of the first optical sub-signals (or the second optical
sub-signals) are respectively 0, .phi., 2.phi., 3.phi. . . .
[0043] The input ends of several emission antennas 143 are
connected to the output ends of several phase shifters 142
correspondingly. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the number of
phase shifters 142 is j, the number of emission antennas 143 is j,
and the j emission antennas 143 are connected to the j phase
shifters 142 correspondingly. In this embodiment, the several
emission antennas 143 are configured to receive the several first
optical sub-signals (or the second optical sub-signals) output by
the several phase shifters 142, and emit the several first optical
sub-signals (or the second optical sub-signals) into space.
[0044] Optionally, the several emission antennas 143 may be a
grating structure.
[0045] In some embodiments, the phased array emission apparatus 100
may further include a connection waveguide. The connection
waveguide is provided between various devices as required to
implement transmission of the beam and reduce a loss in the
transmission process.
[0046] In some embodiments, the grating coupler 110, the edge
coupler 120, the optical combiner 130, and the phased array unit
140 can be integrated on the same chip, for example, can be
processed according to a silicon-based CMOS process, thereby
effectively reducing a size of the phased array emission apparatus
100 and improving integration.
[0047] In this embodiment of this application, the grating coupler
110 and the edge coupler 120 are provided in the phased array
emission apparatus 100, and therefore, when performance needs to be
detected, the phased array emission apparatus 100 uses the grating
coupler 110 to detect performance, thereby finishing detecting the
performance without the need of engraving the wafer; and when in
the working state (engraving of the wafer has been completed by
then), the phased array emission apparatus 100 uses the edge
coupler 120 to implement a relatively low coupling loss, thereby
improving coupling efficiency and meeting low-loss requirement in
the working state.
[0048] FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a LiDAR
according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in FIG. 4,
a LiDAR 300 includes a phased array emission apparatus 100 and a
phased array receiving apparatus 200.
[0049] A structure and a function of the phased array emission
apparatus 100 in this embodiment are the same as those of the
phased array emission apparatus 100 in the foregoing embodiments.
For the specific structure and function of the phased array
emission apparatus 100, reference may be made to the foregoing
embodiments. Details are not described herein again one by one.
[0050] In this embodiment, the phased array emission apparatus 100
is configured to emit an optical signal, and the phased array
receiving apparatus 200 is configured to receive an optical signal
reflected by the detected object.
[0051] In this embodiment of this application, the grating coupler
110 and the edge coupler 120 are provided in the phased array
emission apparatus 100, and therefore, when performance needs to be
detected, the phased array emission apparatus 100 uses the grating
coupler 110 to detect performance, thereby finishing detecting the
performance without the need of engraving the wafer; and when in
the working state (engraving of the wafer has been completed by
then), the phased array emission apparatus 100 uses the edge
coupler 120 to implement a relatively low coupling loss, thereby
improving coupling efficiency and meeting low-loss requirement in
the working state.
[0052] FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an automated
driving device according to an embodiment of this application. As
shown in FIG. 5, an automated driving device 500 includes a LiDAR
300 and a vehicle body 400.
[0053] A structure and a function of the LiDAR 300 in this
embodiment are the same as those of the LiDAR 300 in the foregoing
embodiments. For the specific structure and function of the LiDAR
300, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiments. Details
are not repeated herein again one by one.
[0054] The automated driving device 500 can detect azimuth and a
distance of an adjacent object, and make a decision based on the
azimuth and distance of the adjacent object, thereby implementing
automated driving.
[0055] In this embodiment of this application, the grating coupler
110 and the edge coupler 120 are provided in the phased array
emission apparatus 100, and therefore, when performance needs to be
detected, the phased array emission apparatus 100 uses the grating
coupler 110 to detect performance, thereby finishing detecting the
performance without the need of engraving the wafer; and when in
the working state (engraving of the wafer has been completed by
then), the phased array emission apparatus 100 uses the edge
coupler 120 to implement a relatively low coupling loss, thereby
improving coupling efficiency and meeting low-loss requirement in
the working state.
[0056] It should be noted that unless otherwise specified, the
technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this
application should have general meanings understood by a person of
ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments of this
application belong.
[0057] In the description of implementing novel embodiments,
orientations or position relationships indicated by the technical
terms such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length,"
"width," "thickness," "above," "under," "front," "rear," "left,"
"right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner,"
"outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and
"circumferential" are based on the orientations or position
relationships shown in the drawings, are merely intended to
describe the embodiments of this application and simplify the
descriptions, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the
indicated device or element shall have a specific orientation or be
formed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot
be understood as a limitation to the embodiments of this
application.
[0058] In addition, the technical terms such as "first" and
"second" are merely intended for a purpose of description, and
shall not be understood as an indication or implication of relative
importance or implicit indication of a quantity of indicated
technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this
application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise
specifically defined.
[0059] In the description of implementing novel embodiments, unless
otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as
"mounting," "connection," "link," and "fixing" should be understood
in a general sense. For example, these technical terms may be a
fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated
connection; or may alternatively be a mechanical connection or an
electrical connection; or may be a direct connection, an indirect
connection by using an intermediate medium, or an internal link of
two elements or an interaction of two elements. A person of
ordinary skill in the art may understand specific meanings of the
foregoing terms in the embodiments of this application based on a
specific situation.
[0060] In the description of implementing novel embodiments, unless
otherwise clearly specified and defined, that a first feature is
"above" or "under" a second feature may mean that the first feature
and the second feature are in direct contact, or the first feature
and the second feature are in indirect contact through an
intermediate medium. Moreover, that a first feature is "above,"
"over," and "on" a second feature may mean that the first feature
is right above or diagonally above the second feature, or may
merely indicate that a horizontal height of the first feature is
greater than that of the second feature. That a first feature is
"below," "under," and "beneath" a second feature may mean that the
first feature is right below or diagonally below the second
feature, or may merely indicate that a horizontal height of the
first feature is less than that of the second feature.
[0061] In conclusion, it should be noted that the foregoing
embodiments are merely intended for describing the technical
solutions of this application, but not for limiting this
application. Although this application is described in detail with
reference to the foregoing embodiments, persons of ordinary skills
in the art should understand that they may still make modifications
to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments
or make equivalent replacements to some or all technical features
thereof, without departing from the scope of the technical
solutions of the embodiments of this application. All these
modifications or replacements shall fall within the scope of the
claims and specification of this application. Particularly, the
technical features mentioned in all embodiments may be combined in
any manner, provided that no structural conflict occurs. This
application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in
this specification, but includes all technical solutions that fall
within the scope of the claims.
* * * * *