U.S. patent application number 17/605047 was filed with the patent office on 2022-05-12 for (meth)acrylic composition, paint and curing agent comprising same.
This patent application is currently assigned to MITSUBISHI GAS CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC.. The applicant listed for this patent is MITSUBISHI GAS CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC.. Invention is credited to Kazuki KOUNO, Yasuo KUSUBE, Shohei NISHIDA, Kazunori TANIGUCHI.
Application Number | 20220145118 17/605047 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | |
Filed Date | 2022-05-12 |
United States Patent
Application |
20220145118 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
KOUNO; Kazuki ; et
al. |
May 12, 2022 |
(METH)ACRYLIC COMPOSITION, PAINT AND CURING AGENT COMPRISING
SAME
Abstract
The present invention provides: a composition which has a low
viscosity, a high refractive index when being cured, and in which
the precipitation of crystals is suppressed for a long time when
stored at a low temperature; and a paint comprising the same.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, provided is a
composition which includes: a (meth)acrylate represented by general
formula (1); and a compound represented by general formula (2),
wherein the mass percentage of the content of the (meth)acrylate to
the content of the compound represented by general formula (2) is
60:40 to 90:10 (exclusive of 60:40 and 90:10).
Inventors: |
KOUNO; Kazuki; (Kanagawa,
JP) ; KUSUBE; Yasuo; (Wakayama, JP) ;
TANIGUCHI; Kazunori; (Wakayama, JP) ; NISHIDA;
Shohei; (Wakayama, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
MITSUBISHI GAS CHEMICAL COMPANY, INC. |
Tokyo |
|
JP |
|
|
Assignee: |
MITSUBISHI GAS CHEMICAL COMPANY,
INC.
Tokyo
JP
|
Appl. No.: |
17/605047 |
Filed: |
April 16, 2020 |
PCT Filed: |
April 16, 2020 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/JP2020/016718 |
371 Date: |
October 20, 2021 |
International
Class: |
C09D 133/14 20060101
C09D133/14; C08F 20/30 20060101 C08F020/30; C08K 5/06 20060101
C08K005/06; C09D 7/63 20060101 C09D007/63; C09D 4/00 20060101
C09D004/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Apr 24, 2019 |
JP |
2019-083005 |
Claims
1. A composition comprising: (A) a (meth)acrylate represented by
General formula (1) below: ##STR00028## wherein X is a single bond
or a divalent group selected from the group consisting of
--C(R.sub.2)(R.sub.3)--, --C(.dbd.O)--, --O--, --OC(.dbd.O)--,
--OC(.dbd.O)O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2-- and any combination
thereof; wherein, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently a
hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a
branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl
group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1
to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon
atoms, a cyclic alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a phenyl
group or a biphenyl group; or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are optionally
linked to each other to, together with the carbon atom to which
they are attached, form a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon
atoms; Y is an optionally branched alkylene group having 2 to 6
carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or
an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms; R.sub.1 is a hydrogen
atom or a methyl group; R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently
a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl
group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to
10 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
a branched alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic
alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a phenyl
group or a biphenyl group; m is an integer of 0 to 10; n is an
integer of 1 to 2; p is an integer of 0 to 4; and q is an integer
of 0 to 5; and (B) a compound represented by General formula (2)
below: ##STR00029## wherein R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are each
independently a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10
carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a
cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy
group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkoxy group having 3
to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon
atoms, a halogen atom, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a phenoxy
group, --R.sub.8OH or --(R.sub.9).sub.sH; wherein, R.sub.8 is a
linear alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched
alkylene group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, R.sub.9 is a linear
alkyleneoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched
alkyleneoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and s is an integer
of 1 to 5; a and b are each independently an integer of 0 to 10;
and c and d are each independently an integer of 0 to 5; wherein
the mass ratio between the content of the (meth)acrylate
represented by General formula (1) and the content of the compound
represented by General formula (2) is more than 60:40 and less than
90:10.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein p and q in General
formula (1) above are both 0.
3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio
between the content of the (meth)acrylate represented by General
formula (1) and the content of the compound represented by General
formula (2) is 65:35 to 85:15.
4. The composition according to claim 1, wherein a and b in General
formula (2) above are each an integer of 0 to 5.
5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein R.sub.6 and
R.sub.7 in General formula (2) above are each a phenyl group, a
biphenyl group or a phenoxy group.
6. The composition according to claim 5, wherein a, b, c and d in
General formula (2) above are all 1.
7. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising a
polyvalent vinyl monomer copolymerizable with the (meth)acrylate
represented by General formula (1) above and represented by General
formula (3) below: ##STR00030## wherein R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are
each independently selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group
having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 20 carbon
atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a
cycloalkoxyl group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group
having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon
atoms or a halogen atom; R.sub.12 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl
group; X represents any structure selected from the group
consisting of a single bond, --O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2--,
--CO-- and those represented by General formulae (4) to (7) below;
Y and Z are each independently an optionally branched alkylene
group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 6 to
10 carbon atoms or an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms,
and p and q are each independently an integer of 0 to 4;
##STR00031## wherein R.sub.13 and R.sub.14 each independently
represent any one of the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a
halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms optionally
having a substituent, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
optionally having a substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 12
carbon atoms optionally having a substituent, an alkenyl group
having 2 to 5 carbon atoms optionally having a substituent and an
aralkyl group having 7 to 17 carbon atoms optionally having a
substituent; the substituents are each independently a halogen
atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group
having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and c represents an integer of 1 to
20; ##STR00032## wherein R.sub.15 and R.sub.16 each independently
represent any one of the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a
halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms optionally
having a substituent, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
optionally having a substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 12
carbon atoms optionally having a substituent, an alkenyl group
having 2 to 5 carbon atoms optionally having a substituent and an
aralkyl group having 7 to 17 carbon atoms optionally having a
substituent, or R.sub.15 and R.sub.16 are linked each other to form
a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and
the substituents are each independently a halogen atom, an alkyl
group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12
carbon atoms; ##STR00033## wherein R.sub.17-R.sub.20 each
independently represent any one of the group consisting of a
hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon
atoms optionally having a substituent, an alkoxy group having 1 to
5 carbon atoms optionally having a substituent, an aryl group
having 6 to 12 carbon atoms optionally having a substituent, an
alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms optionally having a
substituent and an aralkyl group having 7 to 17 carbon atoms
optionally having a substituent, or R.sub.17 and R.sub.18, and
R.sub.19 and R.sub.20 are linked each other to form a carbocyclic
or heterocyclic ring having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and the
substituents are each independently a halogen atom, an alkyl group
having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon
atoms; and ##STR00034## wherein R.sub.21-R.sub.30 are each
independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3
carbon atoms.
8. The composition according to claim 7, comprising the polyvalent
vinyl monomer represented by General formula (3) in an amount of
20% to 80% by weight relative to the total weight of the
composition.
9. The composition according to claim 7, wherein X in General
formula (3) above has a structure represented by General formula
(4) or a structure represented by General formula (5).
10. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition
is an active energy ray-curable composition.
11. A coating material comprising the composition according to
claim 1.
12. A cured body obtained by curing the composition according to
claim 1.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a (meth)acrylic
composition, and a coating material containing the same.
Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a cured body of
said composition.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] In recent years, resin materials are widely used in optical
components, such as optic overcoating agents, hard coating agents,
antireflection films, spectacle lenses, optical fibers, optical
waveguides, and holograms, because of their excellent workability
and productivity. Further, in the field of optical components, the
tendency of miniaturization and thinning has increased, and
materials having high refractive indices are accordingly required.
Against such requirements, coating materials including resin
compositions having high refractive indices when cured are widely
used. However, such coating materials generally have relatively
high viscosities, and this characteristic causes a difficulty in
thin coating in some cases. Accordingly, it has been proposed a
composition having a low viscosity improved in this point.
[0003] For example, Patent Literature 1 proposes a composition
having a high refractive index and a low viscosity by mixing
o-phenylbenzyl acrylate (OPBA, or 2-phenylbenzyl acrylate) and
p-phenylbenzyl acrylate (PPBA, or 4-phenylbenzyl acrylate), isomers
of phenylbenzyl acrylate, at a specific ratio. Patent Literature 2
describes that a composition having a high refractive index and a
low viscosity can be prepared by mixing phenylbenzyl acrylate with
a difunctional (meth)acrylate or diphenyl derivative.
[0004] Patent Literatures 3 to 7 describe that a resin composition
that can be used as an optical material was obtained by mixing a
phenoxybenzyl (meth)acrylate and a high-refractive-index
polyfunctional (meth)acrylate (a fluorene-based bisphenol
derivative or a bisphenol A derivative).
PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS
Patent Documents
[0005] Patent Literature 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application
Publication No. 2012-82387
[0006] Patent Literature 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application
Publication No. 2012-82386
[0007] Patent Literature 3: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application
Publication No. 2010-248358
[0008] Patent Literature 4: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application
Publication No. 2011-126991
[0009] Patent Literature 5: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application
Publication No. 2012-219205
[0010] Patent Literature 6: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application
Publication No. 2013-53310
[0011] Patent Literature 7: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application
Publication No. 2014-185337
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
Technical Problem
[0012] As described above, various compositions having a high
refractive index and a low viscosity have been proposed. However, a
monofunctional (meth)acrylate with a low viscosity usually have a
low refractive index while a monofunctional (meth)acrylate with a
high refractive index may not be effective enough to reduce
viscosity of a high-refractive-index polyfunctional (meth)acrylate.
Moreover, in order to prevent polymerization reaction or the like
of such a composition during storage, the composition generally
needs to be stored at a temperature lower than or equal to room
temperature (specifically, 0.degree. C. or lower). In this case,
however, storage at low temperature can cause crystal precipitation
in the composition and is therefore difficult.
[0013] Under such circumstances, there has been an ongoing need for
a (meth)acrylate composition which has a high refractive index and
a low viscosity and in which occurrence of crystal precipitation is
suppressed during storage at a low temperature.
Solution to Problem
[0014] The present inventors have gone through extensive research,
and as a result of which found that a (meth)acrylate composition
which has a high refractive index and a low viscosity and in which
crystal precipitation is suppressed during storage at a low
temperature can be obtained by mixing a (meth)acrylate having a
specific structure with a compound represented by General formula
(2) below:
##STR00001##
in a specific mass ratio, thereby accomplishing the present
invention.
[0015] Thus, the present invention is characterized as follows.
[0016] [1]
[0017] A composition comprising:
[0018] (A) a (meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1)
below:
##STR00002##
[0019] wherein
[0020] X is a single bond or a divalent group selected from the
group consisting of --C(R.sub.2)(R.sub.3)--, --C(.dbd.O)--, --O--,
--OC(.dbd.O)--, --OC(.dbd.O)O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2-- and
any combination thereof; wherein, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each
independently a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10
carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a
cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy
group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkoxy group having 3
to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon
atoms, a phenyl group or a biphenyl group; or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3
are optionally linked to each other to, together with the carbon
atom to which they are attached, form a cyclic alkyl group having 3
to 10 carbon atoms;
[0021] Y is an optionally branched alkylene group having 2 to 6
carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or
an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms;
[0022] R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
[0023] R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently a linear alkyl
group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3
to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon
atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a
branched alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkoxy
group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a phenyl group
or a biphenyl group;
[0024] m is an integer of 0 to 10;
[0025] n is an integer of 1 to 2;
[0026] p is an integer of 0 to 4; and
[0027] q is an integer of 0 to 5; and
[0028] (B) a compound represented by General formula (2) below:
##STR00003##
[0029] wherein
[0030] R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are each independently a hydrogen atom,
a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl
group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to
10 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
a branched alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic
alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a phenyl
group, a biphenyl group, a phenoxy group, --R.sub.8OH or
--(R.sub.9).sub.sH; wherein, R.sub.8 is a linear alkylene group
having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched alkylene group having 3
to 10 carbon atoms, R.sub.9 is a linear alkyleneoxy group having 1
to 10 carbon atoms or a branched alkyleneoxy group having 3 to 10
carbon atoms, and s is an integer of 1 to 5;
[0031] a and b are each independently an integer of 0 to 10;
and
[0032] c and d are each independently an integer of 0 to 5;
[0033] wherein the mass ratio between the content of the
(meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) and the content
of the compound represented by General formula (2) is more than
60:40 and less than 90:10.
[0034] [2]
[0035] The composition according to [1], wherein p and q in General
formula (1) above are both 0.
[0036] [3]
[0037] The composition according to [1] or [2], wherein the mass
ratio between the content of the (meth)acrylate represented by
General formula (1) and the content of the compound represented by
General formula (2) is 65:35 to 85:15.
[0038] [4]
[0039] The composition according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein
a and b in General formula (2) above are each an integer of 0 to
5.
[0040] [5]
[0041] The composition according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein
R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 in General formula (2) above are each a phenyl
group, a biphenyl group or a phenoxy group.
[0042] [6]
[0043] The composition according to [5], wherein a, b, c and d in
General formula (2) above are all 1.
[0044] [7]
[0045] The composition according to any one of [1] to [6], further
comprising a polyvalent vinyl monomer copolymerizable with the
(meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) above and
represented by General formula (3) below:
##STR00004##
[0046] wherein
[0047] R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are each independently selected from a
hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an
alkoxyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group
having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkoxyl group having 5 to 20
carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy
group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or a halogen atom;
[0048] R.sub.12 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
[0049] X represents any structure selected from the group
consisting of a single bond, --O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2--,
--CO-- and those represented by General formulae (4) to (7)
below;
[0050] Y and Z are each independently an optionally branched
alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group
having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or an arylene group having 6 to 10
carbon atoms, and
[0051] p and q are each independently an integer of 0 to 4;
##STR00005##
[0052] wherein
[0053] R.sub.13 and R.sub.14 each independently represent any one
of the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an
alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms optionally having a
substituent, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms optionally
having a substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms
optionally having a substituent, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5
carbon atoms optionally having a substituent and an aralkyl group
having 7 to 17 carbon atoms optionally having a substituent;
[0054] the substituents are each independently a halogen atom, an
alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6
to 12 carbon atoms, and
[0055] c represents an integer of 1 to 20;
##STR00006##
[0056] wherein R.sub.15 and R.sub.16 each independently represent
any one of the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom,
an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms optionally having a
substituent, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms optionally
having a substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms
optionally having a substituent, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5
carbon atoms optionally having a substituent and an aralkyl group
having 7 to 17 carbon atoms optionally having a substituent, or
R.sub.15 and R.sub.16 are linked each other to form a carbocyclic
or heterocyclic ring having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and
[0057] the substituents are each independently a halogen atom, an
alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6
to 12 carbon atoms;
##STR00007##
[0058] wherein R.sub.17-R.sub.20 each independently represent any
one of the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an
alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms optionally having a
substituent, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms optionally
having a substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms
optionally having a substituent, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5
carbon atoms optionally having a substituent and an aralkyl group
having 7 to 17 carbon atoms optionally having a substituent, or
R.sub.17 and R.sub.18, and R.sub.19 and R.sub.20 are linked each
other to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring having 1 to 20
carbon atoms; and
[0059] the substituents are each independently a halogen atom, an
alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6
to 12 carbon atoms; and
##STR00008##
[0060] wherein R.sub.21-R.sub.30 are each independently a hydrogen
atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
[0061] [8]
[0062] The composition according to [7], comprising the polyvalent
vinyl monomer represented by General formula (3) in an amount of
20% to 80% by weight relative to the total weight of the
composition.
[0063] [9]
[0064] The composition according to [7] or [8], wherein X in
General formula (3) above has a structure represented by General
formula (4) or a structure represented by General formula (5).
[0065] [10]
[0066] The composition according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein
the composition is an active energy ray-curable composition.
[0067] [11]
[0068] A coating material comprising the composition according to
any one of [1] to [10].
[0069] [12]
[0070] A cured body obtained by curing the composition according to
any one of [1] to [10].
Effects of Invention
[0071] The present invention can provide a composition which has a
low viscosity, which can realize a high refractive index once cured
and in which crystal precipitation is suppressed during storage at
a low temperature, and a coating material containing the same. In
addition, the present invention can also provide a cured body of
this composition.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0072] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be
described in detail.
[0073] <Composition>
[0074] A composition of the present invention comprises:
[0075] (A) a (meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1)
below:
##STR00009##
[0076] wherein
[0077] X is a single bond or a divalent group selected from the
group consisting of --C(R.sub.2)(R.sub.3)--, --C(.dbd.O)--, --O--,
--OC(.dbd.O)--, --OC(.dbd.O)O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2-- and
any combination thereof; wherein, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each
independently a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10
carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a
cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy
group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkoxy group having 3
to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon
atoms, a phenyl group or a biphenyl group; or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3
are optionally linked to each other to, together with the carbon
atom to which they are attached, form a cyclic alkyl group having 3
to 10 carbon atoms;
[0078] Y is an optionally branched alkylene group having 2 to 6
carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or
an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms;
[0079] R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;
[0080] R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently a linear alkyl
group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3
to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon
atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a
branched alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkoxy
group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a phenyl group
or a biphenyl group;
[0081] m is an integer of 0 to 10;
[0082] n is an integer of 1 to 2;
[0083] p is an integer of 0 to 4; and
[0084] q is an integer of 0 to 5; and
[0085] (B) a compound represented by General formula (2) below:
##STR00010##
[0086] wherein
[0087] R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are each independently a hydrogen atom,
a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl
group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to
10 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
a branched alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic
alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a phenyl
group, a biphenyl group, --R.sub.8OH or --(R.sub.9).sub.sH;
wherein, R.sub.8 is a linear alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon
atoms or a branched alkylene group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms,
R.sub.9 is a linear alkyleneoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
or a branched alkyleneoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and s
is an integer of 1 to 5;
[0088] a and b are each independently an integer of 0 to 10;
and
[0089] c and d are each independently an integer of 0 to 5;
[0090] wherein the mass ratio between the content of the
(meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) and the content
of the compound represented by General formula (2) is more than
60:40 and less than 90:10.
[0091] As described above, the composition of the present invention
which contains a (meth)acrylate having the structure of General
formula (1) and a compound having the structure of General formula
(2) in a predetermined mass ratio has a low viscosity and a high
refractive index once cured, and crystal precipitation in this
composition is suppressed during storage at a low temperature.
While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is considered that when
the compound having the structure of General formula (2) is
contained in a predetermined amount relative to the (meth)acrylate
having the structure of General formula (1), not only the viscosity
of the composition can be reduced but also crystal growth can be
suppressed.
[0092] The refractive index of the composition of the present
invention, when measured using multiwavelength Abbe refractometer
DR-M2 (manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.) at a wavelength of 589 nm
and a temperature of 23.degree. C., is preferably 1.580 or higher,
more preferably 1.585 or higher, and still more preferably 1.590 or
higher.
[0093] The viscosity of the composition of the present invention,
when measured using E-type viscometer (Model TV-22) at a
temperature of 25.degree. C., is preferably lower than 10,000 mPas,
more preferably 5,000 mPas or lower, and still more preferably 5 to
2,100 mPas.
[0094] Hereinafter, each of the components contained in the
composition of the present invention will be described in
order.
[0095] 1. (Meth)acrylate
[0096] The (meth)acrylate used in the composition of the present
invention has a structure represented by General formula (1)
below.
##STR00011##
[0097] In Formula (1), X is a single bond or a divalent group
selected from the group consisting of --C(R.sub.2)(R.sub.3)--,
--C(.dbd.O)--, --O--, --OC(.dbd.O)--, --OC(.dbd.O)O--, --S--,
--SO--, --SO.sub.2-- and any combination thereof, and preferably a
single bond or a divalent group selected from the group consisting
of --C(R.sub.2)(R.sub.3)--, --O--, and any combination thereof.
Here, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a
linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl
group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to
10 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
a branched alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic
alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a
biphenyl group. Alternatively, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are optionally
linked to each other to, together with the carbon atom to which
they are attached, form a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon
atoms. Preferably, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are both hydrogen atoms.
[0098] Y is an optionally branched alkylene group having 2 to 6
carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or
an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
[0099] R.sub.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, preferably a
hydrogen atom.
[0100] R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are each independently a linear alkyl
group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3
to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon
atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a
branched alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkoxy
group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a phenyl group
or a biphenyl group.
[0101] m is an integer of 0 to 10, preferably an integer of 0 to 5,
and more preferably 0.
[0102] n is an integer of 1 to 2, and preferably 1.
[0103] p is an integer of 0 to 4, preferably an integer of 0 to 2,
and more preferably 0.
[0104] q is an integer of 0 to 5, preferably an integer of 0 to 2,
and more preferably 0.
[0105] Still more preferably, p and q are both 0.
[0106] Examples of the above-described (meth)acrylate represented
by General formula (1) include 4-phenylbenzyl (meth)acrylate,
3-phenylbenzyl (meth)acrylate, 2-phenylbenzyl (meth)acrylate,
4-biphenylbenzyl (meth)acrylate, 3-biphenylbenzyl (meth)acrylate,
2-biphenylbenzyl (meth)acrylate, 4-benzylbenzyl (meth)acrylate,
3-benzylbenzyl (meth)acrylate, 2-benzylbenzyl (meth)acrylate,
4-phenethylbenzyl (meth)acrylate, 3-phenethylbenzyl (meth)acrylate,
2-phenethylbenzyl (meth)acrylate, 4-phenethylphenethyl
(meth)acrylate, 3-phenethylphenethyl (meth)acrylate,
2-phenethylphenethyl (meth)acrylate, 4-(4-methylphenyl)benzyl
(meth)acrylate, 3-(4-methylphenyl)benzyl (meth)acrylate,
2-(4-methylphenyl)benzyl (meth)acrylate, 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)benzyl
(meth)acrylate, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)benzyl (meth)acrylate,
2-(4-methoxyphenyl)benzyl (meth)acrylate, 4-(4-bromophenyl)benzyl
(meth)acrylate, 3-(4-bromophenyl)benzyl (meth)acrylate,
2-(4-bromophenyl)benzyl (meth)acrylate, 4-benzoylbenzyl
(meth)acrylate, 3-benzoylbenzyl (meth)acrylate, 2-benzoylbenzyl
(meth)acrylate, 4-(phenylsulfinyl)benzyl (meth)acrylate,
3-(phenylsulfinyl)benzyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(phenylsulfinyl)benzyl
(meth)acrylate, 4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl (meth)acrylate,
3-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(phenylsulfonyl)benzyl
(meth)acrylate, 4-((phenoxycarbonyl)oxy)benzyl (meth)acrylate,
3-((phenoxycarbonyl)oxy)benzyl (meth)acrylate,
2-((phenoxycarbonyl)oxy)benzyl (meth)acrylate,
4-(((meth)acryloxy)methyl)phenyl benzoate,
3-(((meth)acryloxy)methyl)phenyl benzoate,
2-(((meth)acryloxy)methyl)phenyl benzoate, phenyl
4-(((meth)acryloxy)methyl)benzoate, phenyl
3-(((meth)acryloxy)methyl)benzoate, phenyl
2-(((meth)acryloxy)methyl)benzoate, 4-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)benzyl
(meth)acrylate, 3-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)benzyl (meth)acrylate,
2-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)benzyl (meth)acrylate, 4-phenoxybenzyl
(meth)acrylate, 3-phenoxybenzyl (meth)acrylate, 2-phenoxybenzyl
(meth)acrylate, 4-(phenylthio)benzyl (meth)acrylate,
3-(phenylthio)benzyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(phenylthio)benzyl
(meth)acrylate and 3-methyl-4-(2-methylphenyl)benzyl methacrylate.
A single kind or two or more kinds of them can be used alone or in
combination. Among them, 2-phenylbenzyl (meth)acrylate,
4-phenylbenzyl(meth)acrylate, 4-phenoxybenzyl(meth)acrylate and
4-benzylbenzyl(meth)acrylate are preferable, and 2-phenylbenzyl
acrylate, 4-phenylbenzyl acrylate, 4-phenoxybenzyl acrylate and
4-benzylbenzyl acrylate are more preferable.
[0107] The mass ratio between the (meth)acrylate represented by
General formula (1) and the compound represented by General formula
(2) described below contained in the composition of the present
invention is more than 60:40 and less than 90:10. By keeping the
mass ratio between these compounds to lie within the
above-mentioned range, crystal precipitation can be suppressed
effectively during storage at a low temperature while realizing a
high refractive index and a low viscosity. The above-described mass
ratio is preferably 65:35 to 85:15 and more preferably 68:32 to
82:18.
[0108] In one aspect of the present invention, the mass ratio
between the (meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) and
the compound represented by General formula (2) described below
contained in the composition of the present invention may also be
70:30 to 89:11, 75:25 to 86:14, 78:22 to 84:16 or 84:16 to
86:14.
[0109] 2. Compound Represented by General Formula (2)
[0110] The compound represented by General formula (2) used in the
composition of the present invention has the following
structure.
##STR00012##
[0111] In General formula (2),
[0112] R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are each independently a hydrogen atom,
a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl
group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to
10 carbon atoms, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms,
a branched alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic
alkoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogen atom, a phenyl
group, a biphenyl group, a phenoxy group, --R.sub.8OH or
--(R.sub.9).sub.sH, preferably a hydrogen atom, a linear alkyl
group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group
or a phenoxy group, and more preferably a phenyl group, a biphenyl
group or a phenoxy group. In a preferred aspect of the present
invention, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are each a phenyl group, a biphenyl
group or a phenoxy group.
[0113] Here, R.sub.8 is a linear alkylene group having 1 to 10
carbon atoms or a branched alkylene group having 3 to 10 carbon
atoms, R.sub.9 is a linear alkyleneoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon
atoms or a branched alkyleneoxy group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms,
and s is an integer of 1 to 5.
[0114] a and b are each independently an integer of 0 to 10,
preferably an integer of 0 to 5, and more preferably 1 or 2.
[0115] c and d are each independently an integer of 0 to 5,
preferably an integer of 0 to 3, and more preferably 0 or 1. When c
is 0, the benzene ring has no substituent at R.sub.6. The same also
applies to d.
[0116] In a preferred aspect of the present invention, a, b, c and
d are all 1.
[0117] In Formula (2), --(R.sub.9).sub.sH is preferably
--(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O)--H, --(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.2--H,
--(CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)O)--H or
--(CH.sub.2CH(CH.sub.3)O).sub.2--H.
[0118] Examples of the above-described compound represented by
General formula (2) include oxybis(methylene)dibenzene,
4,4'-oxybis(methylene)dibiphenyl, 3,3'-oxybis(methylene)dibiphenyl,
2,2'-oxybis(methylene)dibiphenyl, oxybis(methylene)dibenzene,
oxydibenzene, 4,4'-oxydibiphenyl, 3,3'-oxydibiphenyl,
2,2'-oxydibiphenyl, 4,4'-(oxybis(methylene))bis(phenoxybenzene),
3,3% (oxybis(methylene))bis(phenoxybenzene) and 2,2%
(oxybis(methylene))bis(phenoxybenzene). A single kind or two or
more kinds of them can be used alone or in combination. Among them,
4,4'-oxybis(methylene)dibiphenyl, oxybis(methylene)dibenzene or
oxydibenzene is preferable.
[0119] As long as a predetermined amount of the compound
represented by General formula (2) is contained in the composition
of the present invention, the means of presence thereof does not
matter. Specifically, a predetermined amount of the compound
represented by General formula (2) may be added to the
(meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1), or the compound
represented by General formula (2) may be present in the
composition of the present invention by adjusting the conditions
for synthesizing the (meth)acrylate represented by General formula
(1) so as to simultaneously generate the compound represented by
General formula (2).
[0120] 3. Polyvalent Vinyl Monomer
[0121] Optionally, the composition of the present invention may
further contain a polyvalent vinyl monomer represented by General
formula (3) below which is copolymerizable with the (meth)acrylate
represented by General formula (1) above.
##STR00013##
[0122] In Formula (3), R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 are each independently
selected from a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon
atoms, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl
group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkoxyl group having 5 to
20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an
aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or a halogen atom, and
they are each preferably a hydrogen atom.
[0123] R.sub.12 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
[0124] X represents any structure selected from the group
consisting of a single bond, --O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2--,
--CO-- and those represented by General formulae (4) to (7)
below.
[0125] Y and Z are each independently an optionally branched
alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group
having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or an arylene group having 6 to 10
carbon atoms.
[0126] p and q are each independently an integer of 0 to 4, where p
and q are preferably both 0 or 1.
[0127] In Formula (4) below,
##STR00014##
[0128] R.sub.13 and R.sub.14 each independently represent any one
of the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an
alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms optionally having a
substituent, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms optionally
having a substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms
optionally having a substituent, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5
carbon atoms optionally having a substituent and an aralkyl group
having 7 to 17 carbon atoms optionally having a substituent,
wherein the substituents are each independently a halogen atom, an
alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6
to 12 carbon atoms. Preferably, R.sub.13 and R.sub.14 are both
hydrogen atoms.
[0129] c represents an integer of 1 to 20, preferably an integer of
1 to 10, and more preferably an integer of 1 to 5.
[0130] In Formula (5) below,
##STR00015##
[0131] R.sub.15 and R.sub.16 each independently represent any one
of the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an
alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms optionally having a
substituent, an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms optionally
having a substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms
optionally having a substituent, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5
carbon atoms optionally having a substituent and an aralkyl group
having 7 to 17 carbon atoms optionally having a substituent, or
R.sub.15 and R.sub.16 are linked each other to form a carbocyclic
or heterocyclic ring having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein the
substituents are each independently a halogen atom, an alkyl group
having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon
atoms. Preferably, R.sub.15 and R.sub.16 are both hydrogen
atoms.
[0132] In Formula (6) below,
##STR00016##
[0133] R.sub.17-R.sub.20 each independently represent any one of
the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl
group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms optionally having a substituent,
an alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms optionally having a
substituent, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms optionally
having a substituent, an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms
optionally having a substituent and an aralkyl group having 7 to 17
carbon atoms optionally having a substituent, or R.sub.17 and
R.sub.18, and R.sub.19 and R.sub.20 are linked each other to form a
carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and
the substituents are each independently a halogen atom, an alkyl
group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 12
carbon atoms. Preferably, R.sub.17-R.sub.20 are all hydrogen
atoms.
[0134] In Formula (7) below,
##STR00017##
[0135] R.sub.21-R.sub.30 are each independently a hydrogen atom or
an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Preferably,
R.sub.21-R.sub.30 are all hydrogen atoms.
[0136] In Formula (3) above, X preferably has a structure
represented by General formula (4) or a structure represented by
General formula (5).
[0137] Examples of the above-described polyvalent vinyl monomer
represented by General formula (3) include
9,9-bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]fluorene,
4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol di(meth)acrylate,
2,2'-bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]propane,
bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]methane,
1,1'-bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]methane,
bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]ether,
bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]sulfoxide,
bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]sulfide, bis(4-(2-(meth)
(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]sulfone,
bis(4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]ketone, ethoxylated
bisphenol A diacrylate and 4,4% di(meth)acryloyloxy biphenyl. Among
them, 9,9-bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]fluorene,
4,4'-isopropylidenediphenol di(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol
A diacrylate and
2,2'-bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]propane are
preferable, and ethoxylated bisphenol A diacrylate and
9,9-bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]fluorene are more
preferable. Moreover, among the polyvalent vinyl monomers
represented by General formula (3) listed above, examples of
commercially available products include, but not limited to,
ABE-300, A-BPE-4 and A-BPEF manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical
Co., Ltd., Light Acrylate BP-4EAL manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical
Co., Ltd., Viscoat #700HV manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical
Co., Ltd., and FA-324A manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Company,
Ltd.
[0138] The amount of the polyvalent vinyl monomer represented by
General formula (3) blended is preferably 20% to 80% by weight,
more preferably 30% to 80% by weight and still more preferably 40%
to 80% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition of
the present invention. Blending of the polyvalent vinyl monomer in
an amount of 20% to 80% by weight allows sufficient cross-linking
to proceed with a workable viscosity and a high refractive
index.
[0139] 4. Optional Additives
[0140] The composition of the present invention can include various
optional additives depending on the application within a range not
departing from the gist of the present invention, in addition to
the above-described components. Such an additive is, for example,
at least one selected from the group consisting of a heat
stabilizer, an antioxidant, a flame retardant, a flame retardant
auxiliary, an ultraviolet absorber, a mold release agent, and a
colorant. The amount of the additives is preferably 0.005 to 0.1
parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 0.05 parts by mass, per 100
parts by mass in total of the (meth)acrylate represented by Formula
(1) and the compound represented by Formula (2).
[0141] The composition of the present invention can be produced by
any known method, and may be prepared by simply mixing the
above-described components.
[0142] The composition of the present invention can be cured by a
variety of methods. The composition of the present invention is
preferably an active energy ray-curable composition, and the
details are described later.
[0143] <Coating Material>
[0144] The coating material includes the above-described
composition. The coating material of the present invention can be
mainly used in, for example, coating agents or hard coating agents
for optical members.
[0145] A coating material of the present invention applied to a
general substrate, such as a plastic substrate, may contain a
wetting agent, such as silicone or an acrylic compound, for
enhancing wetting of the surface of the substrate. Preferred
examples of the wetting agent include BYK331, BYK333, BYK340,
BYK347, BYK348, BYK378, BYK380, and BYK381 available from
BYK-Chemie. The amount of such a wetting agent in the coating
material is preferably within a range of 0.01% to 2.0% by mass
based on the total mass of the coating material.
[0146] In order to improve the adhesiveness to various materials,
the coating material may contain a tackifier, such as a xylene
resin, a terpene resin, a phenolic resin, and a rosin resin, as
needed. The amount of such a tackifier is preferably within a range
of 0.01% to 2.0% by mass based on the total mass of the coating
material.
[0147] In order to improve the adhesiveness to various materials,
the coating material may contain a coupling agent, such as a silane
coupling agent and a titan coupling agent. The amount of such a
coupling agent is preferably within a range of 0.01% to 5.0% by
mass based on the total mass of the coating material.
[0148] In order to improve various performances, such as shock
resistance, the coating material may contain an inorganic filler,
such as silica, alumina, mica, talc, aluminum flakes, and glass
flakes. The amount of such a filler is preferably within a range of
0.01% to 10.0% by mass based on the total amount of the coating
material.
[0149] Furthermore, when the coating material of the present
invention is applied to a general substrate, such as a metal,
concrete, or plastic substrate, the coating material may contain a
defoaming agent of a silicone or acrylic compound for enhancing
disappearance of foam being generated during stirring and mixing or
coating. Preferred examples of the defoaming agent include BYK019,
BYK052, BYK065, BYK066N, BYK067N, BYK070, and BYK080 available from
BYK-Chemie, and BYK065 is particularly preferred. The amount of
such a defoaming agent is within a range of 0.01% to 3.0% by mass
based on the total mass of the coating material.
[0150] The coating material of the present invention may include,
as needed, a variety of components in required quantities, for
example, antirust agents, such as zinc phosphate, iron phosphate,
calcium molybdate, vanadium oxide, water-dispersed silica, and
fumed silica; organic pigments, such as phthalocyanine organic
pigments and condensed polycyclic organic pigments; and inorganic
pigments, such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate,
barium sulfate, alumina, and carbon black.
[0151] The coating material of the present invention may be applied
onto a substrate with any coating system that is generally used,
such as bar coater coating, Meyer bar coating, air knife coating,
gravure coating, reverse gravure coating, micro gravure coating,
micro reverse gravure coater coating, die coater coating, slot die
coater coating, vacuum die coater coating, dip coating, spin
coating, spray coating, and brush coating. Preferred are roll
coating and spray coating.
[0152] <Cured Body>
[0153] A cured body of the present invention refers to a cured body
obtained by curing the above-described composition. The cured body
of the present invention has a high refractive index of 1.580 or
higher when measured using multiwavelength Abbe refractometer DR-M2
(manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.) at a wavelength of 589 nm and a
temperature of 23.degree. C. Moreover, the cured body of the
present invention preferably has a high refractive index of 1.585
or higher, and more preferably a high refractive index of 1.590 or
higher.
[0154] A cured body in one aspect of the present invention
comprises:
[0155] (A) a polymer including a structural unit derived from a
(meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1), or
##STR00018##
[0156] a copolymer including a structural unit derived from a
(meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) and a structural
unit derived from a polyvalent vinyl monomer represented by General
formula (3):
##STR00019##
and
[0157] (B) a compound represented by General formula (2),
##STR00020##
[0158] wherein, the mass ratio between the structural unit derived
from a (meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) and the
compound represented by General formula (2) is more than 60:40 and
less than 90:10.
[0159] Here, X, Y, R.sub.1, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, m, n, p and q in
General formula (1) are the same as those of the composition of the
present invention. Moreover, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, a, b, c and d in
General formula (2) as well as R.sub.10, R.sub.11, R.sub.12, X, Y,
Z, p and q in General formula (3) are also the same as those of the
composition of the present invention.
[0160] The structural unit derived from a (meth)acrylate
represented by General formula (1) refers to a structural unit
having the structure of Formula (1a) below,
##STR00021##
[0161] and the structural unit derived from a polyvalent vinyl
monomer represented by General formula (3) refers to a structural
unit having the structure of Formula (3a) below.
##STR00022##
[0162] Here, X, Y, R.sub.1, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, m, n, p and q in
General formula (1a) correspond to those in General formula (1),
and R.sub.10, R.sub.11, R.sub.12, X, Y, Z, p and q in General
formula (3a) correspond to those in General formula (3).
[0163] As described above, the cured body of the present invention
can be obtained by curing the composition of the present invention.
The method of curing is not particularly limited, and curing can be
conducted by any of the various known methods. For example, the
composition of the present invention may be cured by irradiating it
with an active energy ray, i.e., by photopolymerization. Herein, an
"active energy ray" refers to ultraviolet light, an electron beam,
an ion beam, an X-ray and the like.
[0164] When the composition of the present invention is cured by
active energy rays, a photopolymerization initiator is not
necessarily needed. However, in the case of using a
photopolymerization initiator, examples of the initiator include
Irgacure (registered trademark) 2959
(1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propan-1-one,
Irgacure (registered trademark) 184 (1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl
ketone), Irgacure (registered trademark) 500 (1-hydroxycyclohexyl
phenyl ketone, benzophenone), Irgacure (registered trademark) 651
(2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one), Irgacure (registered
trademark) 369
(2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)butanone-1),
Irgacure (registered trademark) 907
(2-methyl-1[4-methylthiophenyl]-2-morpholinopropan-1-one, Irgacure
(registered trademark) 819
(bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phenylphosphine oxide, Irgacure
(registered trademark) 1800
(bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-2,4,4-trimethyl-pentylphosphine oxide,
1-hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl-ketone), Irgacure (registered
trademark) 1800
(bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl)-2,4,4-trimethyl-pentylphosphine oxide,
2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propan-1-one), Irgacure (registered
trademark) OXE01 (1,2-octanedione,
1-[4-(phenylthio)phenyl]-2-(O-benzoyloxime), Darocur (registered
trademark) 1173 (2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propan-1-one),
Darocur (registered trademark) 1116, 1398, 1174, and 1020, and
CGI242 (ethanone,
1-[9-ethyl-6-(2-methylbenzoyl)-9H-carbazol-3-yl]-1-(O-acetyloxime)
available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc.; Lucirin TPO
(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide) and Lucirin TPO-L
(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl ethoxyphenylphosphine oxide) available from
BASF; ESACURE 1001M (1-[4-benzoyl
phenylsulfanil]phenyl]-2-methyl-2-(4-methylphenylsulfonyl)propan-1-one
available from DKSH Japan; Adekaoptomer (registered trademark)
N-1414 (carbazole/phenone series), Adekaoptomer (registered
trademark) N-1717 (acridine series), and Adekaoptomer (registered
trademark) N-1606 (triazine series) available from ADEKA
Corporation; TFE-triazine
(2-[2-(furan-2-yl)vinyl]-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine)
manufactured by Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd.; TME-triazine
(2-[2-(5-methylfuran-2-yl)vinyl]-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine)
manufactured by Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd.; MP-triazine
(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine)
manufactured by Sanwa Chemical Co., Ltd.; TAZ-113
(2-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazi-
ne) manufactured by Midori Chemical Co., Ltd.; and TAZ-108
(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine)
manufactured by Midori Chemical Co., Ltd.; and benzophenone,
4,4'-bis(diethylamino) benzophenone, methyl-2-benzophenone,
4-benzoyl-4'-methyldiphenyl sulfide, 4-phenylbenzophenone, ethyl
Michler's ketone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 2-methylthioxanthone,
2-isopropylthioxanthone, 4-isopropylthioxanthone,
2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 1-chloro-4-propoxythioxanthone,
2-methylthioxanthone, thioxanthone ammonium salt, benzoin,
4,4'-dimethoxybenzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether,
benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, benzyl dimethyl
ketal, 1,1,1-trichloroacetophenone, diethoxyacetophenone,
dibenzosuberone, methyl o-benzoylbenzoate, 2-benzoyl naphthalene,
4-benzoyl biphenyl, 4-benzoyl diphenyl ether, 1,4-benzoyl benzene,
benzyl, 10-butyl-2-chloroacridone,
[4-(methylphenylthio)phenyl]phenylmethane), 2-ethylanthraquinone,
2,2-bis(2-chlorophenyl) 4,5,4',5'-tetrakis(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)
1,2'-biimidazole, 2,2-bis(o-chlorophenyl)
4,5,4',5'-tetraphenyl-1,2'-biimidazole,
tris(4-dimethylaminophenyl)methane, ethyl-4-(dimethylamino)
benzoate, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl benzoate, and
butoxyethyl-4-(dimethylamino) benzoate. These photopolymerization
initiators may be used singly or in combinations of two or more
thereof. The amount of such a photopolymerization initiator in the
composition is 0.01% to 15% by mass and preferably 0.1% to 10% by
mass.
EXAMPLES
[0165] The present invention will now be described in detail with
reference to Examples, but the technical scope of the present
invention is not limited to the following Examples. The terms
"part(s)" and "%" in Examples refer to "part(s) by mass" and "% by
mass", respectively.
[0166] The physical properties in Examples and Comparative Examples
were measured as follows.
[0167] 1. Viscosity of Composition
[0168] The viscosity of each composition prepared as described
below was measured with an E-type viscometer (model TV-22) at a
measurement temperature of 25.degree. C.
[0169] 2. Refractive Index of Composition
[0170] Each composition prepared as described below was subjected
to measurement with a multiwavelength Abbe refractometer DR-M2
(manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.) at a measurement wavelength of
589 nm and a measurement temperature of 23.degree. C.
[0171] 3. Refractive Index of Cured Product
[0172] The cured material of each composition prepared as described
below was subjected to measurement with a multiwavelength Abbe
refractometer DR-M2 (manufactured by Atago Co., Ltd.) at a
measurement wavelength of 589 nm and a measurement temperature of
23.degree. C.
[0173] 4. Glass Transition Temperature
[0174] Glass transition temperature of the cured body of each of
the compositions obtained by the methods described below was
measured using DSC6200 (manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.) in
accordance with JIS-K-7121.
[0175] 5. Production of Compounds Used in Examples
Production Example 1
[0176] In an air atmosphere, 90 g of biphenylmethyl alcohol, 156 g
of methyl acrylate, 0.4 g of 4-methoxyphenol as a polymerization
inhibitor, and 0.82 g of titanium tetraisopropoxide as a
transesterification catalyst were placed in a 500-ml separable
flask and stirred at 90.degree. C. for 6 hours. During this step,
the generated methanol was removed from the system. After cooling,
10 g of purified water was added to hydrolyze the catalyst, which
was followed by distillation to remove the water content and methyl
acrylate. Thereafter, the precipitate was filtered to isolate
4-phenylbenzyl acrylate. The yield was 99.5%.
Production Example 2
[0177] In a nitrogen atmosphere, 10 g of biphenylmethyl alcohol,
0.1 g of para-toluene sulfonic acid and 90 g of methylcyclohexane
were placed in a 300 ml separable flask, and stirred at 105.degree.
C. for 18 hours. During this step, water was removed from the
system. After cooling, solid precipitate was washed with water and
methanol, and filtered to isolate 4,4'-oxybis(methylene)dibiphenyl.
The yield was 82%.
Example A: Evaluation of Effects of Compounds Represented by
General Formula (2) on Composition
[0178] In order to evaluate the properties of the composition
obtained by mixing the compound represented by General formula (2)
with the (meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) in a
predetermined mass ratio, compositions of Example A1 and
Comparative example A1 were obtained as follows.
[0179] First, as a (meth)acrylate represented by General formula
(1), 4-phenylbenzyl acrylate represented by the following
formula:
##STR00023##
was prepared according to Production example 1, thereby obtaining a
composition of Comparative example A1. Subsequently, as the
compound represented by General formula (2),
4,4'-oxybis(methylene)dibiphenyl represented by the following
formula:
##STR00024##
was prepared according to Production example 2 and added to
4-phenylbenzyl acrylate in a mass ratio of 80:20, thereby obtaining
a composition of Example A1. Refractive indices and viscosity as
well as crystal precipitation of the compositions of Comparative
example A1 and Example A1 were evaluated. Crystal precipitation was
evaluated by placing the composition in a thermostatic bath set to
5.degree. C. to see whether or not crystal precipitation can be
confirmed visually after a month. In addition, the compositions of
Comparative example A1 and Example A1 were cooled to 0.degree. C.
to confirm their melting points (freezing points) (as determined
with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC)). Since the
composition of Example A1 did not freeze, its melting point was
unverifiable at a temperature higher than or equal to 0.degree. C.
The results are shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Effects of compounds represented by General
formula (2) on composition Comparative example A1 Example A1
Properties of Mass ratio*.sup.1 100:0 80:20 composition Refractive
index 1.5920 1.6038 Viscosity (mPa s/25.degree. C.) 18 32 Melting
point (.degree. C.) 32 Did not (confirmed at .gtoreq.0.degree. C.)
crystallize Crystal precipitation Present Absent *.sup.1Mass ratio
refers to the mass ratio between the content of the (meth)acrylate
represented by General formula (1) and the content of the compound
represented by General formula (2)
<Example B: Evaluations of Compositions Further Comprising
Compound Represented by General Formula (3) and Cured Bodies
Thereof
[0180] In addition to 4-phenylbenzyl acrylate represented by
General formula (1) and 4,4'-oxybis(methylene)dibiphenyl
represented by General formula (2), a compound represented by
following formula:
##STR00025##
(wherein, m+n=4) (A-BPE-4 manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical
Co., Ltd.) was further added as the compound represented by General
formula (3), thereby obtaining compositions (Example B1 and
Comparative example B1). Moreover, each of the compositions was
irradiated with ultraviolet light using a conveyor-type UV
irradiation apparatus U-0303 (manufactured by GS Yuasa Corporation,
provided with a high-pressure mercury lamp, lamp output: 80 W/cm,
conveyor speed: 3 m/min) which was set to an UV irradiation level
that results integrated irradiance of 500 mj/cm.sup.2, thereby
obtaining a cured body. The compositions and properties are
summarized in Table 2 below.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Evaluations of compositions further
comprising compound represented by General formula (3) and cured
bodies thereof Comparative Example B1 example B1 Properties of Mass
ratio*.sup.1 50:40:10 100:0:0 composition Viscosity (Pa
s/25.degree. C.) 155 1100 Properties of Refractive index 1.598
1.560 cured body Glass transition 56.1 86.6 temperature (.degree.
C.) Crystal precipitation Absent Absent *.sup.1Mass ratio refers to
the mass ratio ((3):(1):(2)) between the polyvalent vinyl monomer
represented by General formula (3), the (meth)acrylate represented
by General formula (1) and the compound represented by General
formula (2)
[0181] Next, 9,9-bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]fluorene
represented by the following formula:
##STR00026##
was added as the compound represented by General formula (3),
thereby obtaining compositions in the same manner as Example B1,
Comparative example B1 and Comparative example B2 (Example B2,
Example B3 and Comparative example B3). In addition,
9,9-bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]fluorene by itself was
also prepared as Comparative example B4. Properties of each
composition were measured and crystal precipitation was evaluated
as well. Crystal precipitation was evaluated by placing the
composition in a thermostatic bath set to 5.degree. C. to see
whether or not crystal precipitation can be confirmed visually
after a month. Moreover, each of the compositions was irradiated
with ultraviolet light using a conveyor-type UV irradiation
apparatus U-0303 (manufactured by GS Yuasa Corporation, provided
with a high-pressure mercury lamp, lamp output: 80 W/cm, conveyor
speed: 3 m/min) which was set to an UV irradiation level that
results integrated irradiance of 500 mj/cm.sup.2, thereby obtaining
cured a body. The composition and properties of each composition
are summarized in Table 3 below.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Evaluations of compositions further
comprising compound represented by General formula (3) and cured
bodies thereof Comparative Comparative Example B2 Example B3
example B3 example B4 Properties of Mass ratio*.sup.1 30:56:14
50:40:10 50:50:0 100:0:0 composition Refractive index 1.606 1.611
1.608 1.622 Viscosity 200 2050 1900 91.000 (Pa (Pa s/25.degree. C.)
s/60.degree. C.) Crystal Absent Absent Present Present
precipitation Properties of Refractive index 1.630 1.634 1.631
1.644 cured body Glass transition 66 95.5 100 Not temperature
(.degree. C.) determined *.sup.1Mass ratio refers to the mass ratio
((3):(1):(2)) between the polyvalent vinyl monomer represented by
General formula (3), the (meth)acrylate represented by General
formula (1) and the compound represented by General formula (2)
Example C: Evaluation of Ratios and Properties of Compound
Represented by General Formula (2)
[0182] With respect to the composition containing the
(meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) and the compound
represented by General formula (2), relationship between the mass
ratio and the properties of these compounds was evaluated by
preparing multiple test samples containing the (meth)acrylate
represented by General formula (1) and the compound represented by
General formula (2) in varied mass ratios (Examples C1 and C2, and
Comparative examples C1, C2 and C3). 4-phenylbenzyl acrylate was
used as the (meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) and
4,4'-oxybis(methylene)dibiphenyl was used as the compound
represented by General formula (2). Refractive indices and crystal
precipitation of the compositions of these examples and comparative
examples were evaluated. Crystal precipitation was evaluated by
placing the composition in a thermostatic bath set to 5.degree. C.
to see whether or not crystal precipitation can be confirmed
visually after a month. The results are shown in Table 4 below.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Evaluation of ratio and properties of
compound represented by General formula (2) Refractive Viscosity
Crystal Mass ratio*.sup.1 index (mPa s/25.degree. C.) precipitation
Comparative example C1 100:0 1.5920 18 Present Comparative example
C2 90:10 1.5964 22 Present Example C1 80:20 1.6038 32 Absent
Example C2 70:30 1.6096 47 Absent Comparative example C3 60:40
1.6155 70 Present *.sup.1Mass ratio refers to the mass ratio
between the content of the (meth)acrylate represented by General
formula (1) and the content of the compound represented by General
formula (2)
[0183] The above results show that crystal precipitation can be
suppressed effectively while retaining a high refractive index if
the mass ratio between the content of the (meth)acrylate
represented by General formula (1) and the content of the compound
represented by General formula (2) is more than 60:40 and less than
90:10.
Example D: Evaluation of Effects of Various Compounds Represented
by General Formula (2)
[0184] The following compounds, i.e., (2A: oxydibenzene), (2B:
oxybis(methylene)dibenzene) and (2C:
4,4'-oxybis(methylene)dibiphenyl), were used as the compounds
represented by General formula (2) for evaluation.
##STR00027##
[0185] Similar to Example A, 4-phenylbenzyl acrylate was used as
the (meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) to be blended
with Compound (2A), (2B) or (2C) in the mass ratio shown in Table 5
below. The mass ratio "(1):(2A)=80:20" in Table 5 means that the
mass ratio between 4-phenylbenzyl acrylate and Compound (2A) in the
blend of these compounds is 80:20. The same also applies to
Compounds (2B) and (2C). The refractive index and crystal
precipitation of the resulting compositions were evaluated, and the
results are summarized in Table 5. Crystal precipitation was
evaluated by placing the composition in a thermostatic bath set to
5.degree. C. to see whether or not crystal precipitation can be
confirmed visually after a month. Furthermore, since Compounds (2A)
and (2B) were both liquid at room temperature, the compositions of
Examples D1 and D2 both had viscosity lower than or equal to that
of 4-phenylbenzyl acrylate.
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Evaluation of effect of compounds
represented by General formula (2) Refractive Viscosity Crystal
Mass ratio index (mPa s/25.degree. C.) precipitation Example D1
(1):(2A) = 80:20 1.5870 12 Absent Example D2 (1):(2B) = 80:20
1.5828 13 Absent Example D3 (1):(2C) = 80:20 1.6038 32 Absent
Comparative example D1 (1):(2A) = 0:100 1.5781 <10 Absent
(liquid) Comparative example D2 (1):(2B) = 0:100 1.5611 <10
Absent (liquid) Comparative example D3 (1):(2C) = 0:100 1.6399
Unable to -- determine (Solid at room temperature)
[0186] The above results show that crystal precipitation can be
suppressed effectively while retaining a high refractive index when
these compounds were used as the compound represented by General
formula (2). Compounds (2A) and (2B) were both liquid at 5.degree.
C. and did not precipitate a crystal by themselves but Compound
(2C) was solid at 5.degree. C. by itself. Surprisingly and
unexpectedly, even when Compound (2C) that was solid at a low
temperature was used, crystal precipitation of the composition of
the present invention was suppressed effectively.
Example E: Evaluation of Effects of Compounds Represented by
General Formula (2) on Compositions
[0187] Compositions of Examples E1 and E2 shown in Table 6 were
obtained in the same manner as that of Example A except that the
ratio between the compound represented by General formula (2) and
the (meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) was changed.
Refractive indices and viscosity as well as crystal precipitation
of compositions of Examples E1 and E2 were evaluated. Crystal
precipitation was evaluated by placing the composition in a
thermostatic bath set to 5.degree. C. to see whether or not crystal
precipitation can be confirmed visually after a month. In addition,
the compositions of Examples E1 and E2 were cooled to 0.degree. C.
to confirm their melting points (freezing points) (as determined
with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC)). Since the
compositions of Examples E1 and E2 did not freeze, their melting
points were unverifiable at a temperature higher than or equal to
0.degree. C. The results are shown in Table 6 below.
TABLE-US-00006 TABLE 6 Effects of compounds represented by General
formula (2) on compositions Example E1 Example E2 Properties of
Mass ratio*.sup.1 86:14 84:16 composition Refractive index 1.598
1.600 Viscosity (mPa s/25.degree. C.) 27 29 Melting point (.degree.
C.) Did not Did not (confirmed at .gtoreq.0.degree. C.) crystallize
crystallize Crystal precipitation Absent Absent *.sup.1Mass ratio
refers to the mass ratio between the content of the (meth)acrylate
represented by General formula (1) and the content of the compound
represented by General formula (2)
Example F: Evaluations of Compositions Further Comprising Compound
Represented by General Formula (3) and Cured Bodies Thereof
[0188] Compositions of Examples F1 and F2 shown in Table 7 were
obtained in the same manner as that of Example B except that the
ratio between the compound represented by General formula (2) and
the (meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) was changed.
As the compound represented by General formula (3),
9,9-bis[4-(2-(meth)acryloyloxyethoxy)phenyl]fluorene was used.
Properties of each composition were measured and crystal
precipitation was evaluated. Crystal precipitation was evaluated by
placing the composition in a thermostatic bath set to 5.degree. C.
to see whether or not crystal precipitation can be confirmed
visually after a month. Moreover, each of the compositions was
irradiated with ultraviolet light using a conveyor-type UV
irradiation apparatus U-0303 (manufactured by GS Yuasa Corporation,
provided with a high-pressure mercury lamp, lamp output: 80 W/cm,
conveyor speed: 3 m/min) which was set to an UV irradiation level
that results integrated irradiance of 500 mj/cm.sup.2, thereby
obtaining cured a body. The compositions and properties are
summarized in Table 7 below.
TABLE-US-00007 TABLE 7 Evaluations of compositions further
comprising compound represented by General formula (3) and cured
bodies thereof Example F1 Example F2 Properties of Mass
ratio*.sup.1 50:43:7 50:42:8 composition Refractive index 1.610
1.610 Viscosity (mPa s/25.degree. C.) 1990 1980 Crystal
precipitation Absent Absent Properties of Refractive index 1.632
1.633 cured body Glass transition temperature 98 98 (.degree. C.)
*.sup.1Mass ratio refers to the mass ratio ((3):(1):(2)) between
the polyvalent vinyl monomer represented by General formula (3),
the (meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) and the
compound
represented by General formula (2)
Example G: Evaluation of Ratios and Properties of Compound
Represented by General Formula (2)
[0189] Compositions of Examples G1 and G2 shown in Table 8 were
obtained in the same manner as that of Example C except that the
ratio between the compound represented by General formula (2) and
the (meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) was changed.
4-phenylbenzyl acrylate was used as the (meth)acrylate represented
by General formula (1) while 4,4'-oxybis(methylene)dibiphenyl was
used as the compound represented by General formula (2). Refractive
indices and crystal precipitation of compositions of these examples
were evaluated. Crystal precipitation was evaluated by placing the
composition in a thermostatic bath set to 5.degree. C. to see
whether or not crystal precipitation can be confirmed visually
after a month. The results are shown in Table 8 below.
TABLE-US-00008 TABLE 8 Evaluation of ratio and properties of
compound represented by General formula (2) Refractive Viscosity
Crystal Mass ratio*.sup.1 index (mPa s/25.degree. C.) precipitation
Example G1 86:14 1.598 27 Absent Example G2 84:16 1.600 29 Absent
*.sup.1Mass ratio refers to the mass ratio between the content of
the (meth)acrylate represented by General formula (1) and the
content of the compound represented by General formula (2)
* * * * *