U.S. patent application number 17/555801 was filed with the patent office on 2022-04-14 for method for preparing aryl 2-tetrazol-1-yl keto with improved selectivity.
The applicant listed for this patent is SK BIOPHARMACEUTICALS CO., LTD.. Invention is credited to Kyungmi CHA, Kyuwoong LEE, Jiseon WOO, Suyeon YEOM.
Application Number | 20220112167 17/555801 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | |
Filed Date | 2022-04-14 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20220112167 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
LEE; Kyuwoong ; et
al. |
April 14, 2022 |
Method For Preparing Aryl 2-Tetrazol-1-Yl Keto With Improved
Selectivity
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing aryl
2-tetrazol-2-yl ketone of the following Formula 1a with improved
selectivity: ##STR00001## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same
as defined herein.
Inventors: |
LEE; Kyuwoong; (Gyeonggi-do,
KR) ; CHA; Kyungmi; (Gyeonggi-do, KR) ; YEOM;
Suyeon; (Gyeonggi-do, KR) ; WOO; Jiseon;
(Gyeonggi-do, KR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
SK BIOPHARMACEUTICALS CO., LTD. |
Gyeonggi-do |
|
KR |
|
|
Appl. No.: |
17/555801 |
Filed: |
December 20, 2021 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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16803039 |
Feb 27, 2020 |
11236054 |
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17555801 |
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16662547 |
Oct 24, 2019 |
10611737 |
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16803039 |
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International
Class: |
C07D 257/04 20060101
C07D257/04 |
Claims
1. A method for preparing a compound of Formula 1a, comprising:
##STR00014## reacting a compound of Formula 2 with a salt of a
compound of Formula 3; and purifying the reaction product of the
salt of the compound of Formula 3 and the compound of Formula 2,
wherein the purifying step comprises a crystallizing process or a
heat treatment process; ##STR00015## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2
are each independently selected from the group consisting of
hydrogen, halogen, perfluoroalkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkyl
having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, thioalkoxy having 1 to 8 carbon atoms,
and alkoxy having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and X is a leaving
group.
2-12. (canceled)
13. A method for increasing the selectivity of synthesizing a
compound of Formula 1a, comprising: using a salt of a compound of
Formula 3 in the synthesis of a compound of Formula 1a and a
compound of Formula 1b, wherein the compound of Formula 1a and the
compound of Formula 1b are synthesized from reacting a compound of
Formula 2 with a compound of Formula 3: ##STR00016## wherein
R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected from the group
consisting of hydrogen, halogen, perfluoroalkyl having 1 to 8
carbon atoms, alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, thioalkoxy having 1
to 8 carbon atoms, and alkoxy having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and X is
a leaving group.
14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the salt of the
compound of Formula 3 is obtained by reacting the compound of
Formula 3 with a base.
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the base is an
inorganic base or an organic base.
16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the inorganic base is
a metal hydroxide or a metal carbonate, and the organic base is an
amine compound.
17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the metal hydroxide
is selected from lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and potassium
hydroxide; the metal carbonate is selected from lithium carbonate,
sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and cesium carbonate; and the
amine compound is selected from triethylamine and
diisopropylethylamine.
18. The method according to claim 14, wherein the compound of
Formula 3 is reacted with a base in a reaction solvent, and then
the salt of the compound of Formula 3 separated from the reaction
product is reacted with the compound of Formula 2.
19. The method according to claim 14, wherein after reacting the
compound of Formula 3 with a base, the compound of Formula 2 is
added to the reaction product to react with the salt of the
compound of chemical formula 3.
20. The method according to claim 13, which further comprises
purifying the reaction product of the salt of the compound of
Formula 3 and the compound of Formula 2.
21. The method according to claim 20, wherein the purifying step
comprises a crystallizing process.
22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the crystallizing
process comprises a first crystallizing process and a second
crystallizing process.
23. The method according to claim 20, wherein the purifying step
comprises a heat treatment process.
24. The method according to claim 23, which further comprises
washing with an aqueous acidic solution.
25. The method according to claim 13, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2
are each independently selected from the group consisting of
hydrogen and halogen.
26. The method according to claim 25, wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2
are each independently selected from the group consisting of
hydrogen and chloride.
Description
FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing
aryl 2-tetrazol-2-yl ketone of Formula 1a with improved
selectivity.
##STR00002##
[0002] wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined herein.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Carbamic acid (R)-1-aryl-2-tetrazolyl-ethyl ester
(hereinafter also referred to as "carbamate compound") is useful in
the treatment of CNS disorders, particularly anxiety, depression,
convulsions, epilepsy, migraine, manic depression, drug abuse,
smoking, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obesity,
sleep disorders, neuropathic pain, stroke, cognitive impairment,
neurodegeneration, muscle spasm due to stroke and the like,
according to its anticonvulsant effects.
[0004] The carbamate compound is prepared from a compound of
Formula 1a, which is obtained from a substitution reaction of a
compound of Formula 2 and a compound of Formula 3, as an
intermediate. Conventionally, a base is added to the compound of
Formula 2, and a tetrazole solution is then added thereto to carry
out a substitution reaction. However, in this case, the compound of
Formula 1b, which is a positional isomer thereof, in addition to
the desired compound of Formula 1a, is obtained together as a
mixture by the substitution reaction (WO 2011/046380).
##STR00003##
[0005] (In the Formulas, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently
selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen,
perfluoroalkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkyl having 1 to 8
carbon atoms, thioalkoxy having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and alkoxy
having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and X is a leaving group)
[0006] Furthermore, when the compound of Formula 2 and the compound
of Formula 3 are subjected to the substitution reaction, the
reaction selectivity of number 1 nitrogen of the compound of
Formula 3 is better than the reaction selectivity of number 2
nitrogen, and thus the compound of Formula 1b is produced with
superior selectivity with respect to the compound of Formula 1a
(Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1: Organic
and Bio-Organic Chemistry (1972-1999), (7), 1157-63; 1986).
Therefore, according to the conventional method, the compound of
Formula 1a used for preparing the carbamate compound is less
produced than the compound of Formula 1b, and thus the yield is low
when preparing the carbamate compound by using the compound of
Formula 2 and the compound of Formula 3 as starting materials.
[0007] In this regard, there is an alternative method for
selectively preparing only a compound of the same form as
substituted with number 2 nitrogen by synthesizing a tetrazole ring
shape (Chem. Pharm. Bull. 30(9) 3450-3452; 1982). However, there
may be problems in that it is difficult to be commercially used
since a diazomethane-based material-which has a risk of explosion
during the reaction--is used, and 2 equivalents or more of lithium
diisopropylamide is used as a raw material.
[0008] As such, there is a need for developing a method that the
aryl 2-tetrazol-2-yl ketone of Formula 1a may be prepared from the
compound of Formula 2 and the compound of Formula 3 with better
selectivity than the aryl 2-tetrazol-1-yl ketone of Formula 1b, and
as a result, can be commercialized while obtaining the aryl
2-tetrazol-2-yl ketone of Formula 1a and the carbamate compound in
high yield.
SUMMARY
Technical Problem
[0009] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a
commercially available method capable of improving the productivity
of a carbamate compound by more selectively synthesizing aryl
2-tetrazol-2-yl ketone, which is useful as an intermediate of
carbamate compound, in large scale.
Solution to Problem
[0010] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for
preparing a compound of Formula 1a, which comprises a step of
reacting a compound of Formula 2 with a salt of a compound of
Formula 3:
##STR00004##
[0011] wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected
from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, perfluoroalkyl
having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms,
thioalkoxy having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and alkoxy having 1 to 8
carbon atoms; and X is a leaving group.
[0012] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a method
for increasing the selectivity of a compound of Formula 1a by using
a salt of a compound of Formula 3 in the synthesis of a compound of
Formula 1a and a compound of Formula 1b from a compound of Formula
2 and a compound of Formula 3:
##STR00005##
[0013] wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and X are the same as defined
above.
[0014] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a method
of preparing a compound of Formula 4, comprising: (1) reacting a
compound of Formula 2 with a salt of a compound of Formula 3; (2)
separating the compound of Formula 1a from a mixture obtained by
the reaction of step (1); and (3) reducing the compound of Formula
1a separated in step (2) and carbamating the reduced compound of
Formula 1a:
##STR00006##
[0015] wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and X are the same as defined
above.
[0016] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a method
for separating a compound of Formula 1a from a mixture comprising a
compound of Formula 1a and a compound of 1b by heat treating the
mixture comprising the compound of chemical formula 1a and the
compound of Formula 1b to produce a compound of Formula 5 and
removing this compound:
##STR00007##
[0017] wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same as defined
above.
[0018] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a method
for preparing a compound of Formula 1a, comprising: reacting a
compound of Formula 2 with a salt of a compound of Formula 3; and
purifying the reaction product of the salt of the compound of
Formula 3 and the compound of Formula 2, wherein the purifying step
comprises a crystallizing process or a heat treatment process:
##STR00008##
[0019] wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and X are the same as defined
above.
Effects of the Invention
[0020] According to the present disclosure, the productivity of
carbamate compounds can be improved remarkably as a result by more
selectively synthesizing aryl 2-tetrazol-2-yl ketone, in large
scale, which is useful as an intermediate of carbamate compound,
through a simple process.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0021] FIG. 1 shows HPLC results of the ratio for the mixture of
the compound of Formula 1a and the compound of Formula 1b in the
reaction mixture produced in Example 1.
[0022] FIG. 2 is an ORTEP (Oak Ridge Thermal Ellipsoid Plot) image
of the structure of 5-(2-chlorophenyl)oxazol-2-amine obtained in
Example 10.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] Hereinafter, the present disclosure is described in
detail.
[0024] A method for preparing a compound of Formula 1a according to
one aspect of the present disclosure comprises a step of reacting a
compound of Formula 2 with a salt of a compound of Formula 3:
##STR00009##
[0025] wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently selected
from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, perfluoroalkyl
having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms,
thioalkoxy having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and alkoxy having 1 to 8
carbon atoms, and more specifically selected from the group
consisting of hydrogen, halogen, perfluoroalkyl having 1 to 4
carbon atoms, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and alkoxy having 1
to 4 carbon atoms; and
[0026] X is a leaving group, and more specifically selected from
halides such as chloride, bromide and the like, and sulfonates such
as mesylate, tosylate, 4-nitrophenyl sulfonate and the like.
[0027] The salt of the compound of Formula 3 is obtained by
reacting the compound of Formula 3 with a base, and the salt may be
an inorganic salt or an organic salt.
[0028] In one embodiment, the inorganic salt of the compound of
Formula 3 may be a metal salt, more specifically an alkali metal
salt, and even more specifically a lithium salt, a sodium salt, a
potassium salt or a cesium salt.
[0029] In one embodiment, the inorganic salt of the compound of
Formula 3 may be obtained by reacting the compound of Formula 3
with an inorganic base. The inorganic base may be a metal hydroxide
(e.g., lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide,
etc.) or a metal carbonate (e.g., lithium carbonate, sodium
carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, etc.), but is not
limited thereto.
[0030] In one embodiment, the organic salt of the compound of
Formula 3 may be obtained by reacting the compound of Formula 3
with an organic base. The organic base may be an amine compound
(e.g., triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, etc.), but is not
limited thereto.
[0031] The reaction between the compound of Formula 3 and the base
may be carried out at room temperature, and the reaction solvent
may be water, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran,
2-methyltetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl
acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,4-dioxane, C.sub.1-C.sub.4
lower alcohol (e.g., methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol), alone
or in combination thereof.
[0032] According to one embodiment, the compound of Formula 3 and
the base are reacted in a reaction solvent, and then the salt of
the compound of Formula 3 separated from the reaction product may
be reacted with the compound of Formula 2.
[0033] According to another embodiment, after reacting the compound
of Formula 3 with the base, the compound of Formula 2 may be added
to the reaction product to react with the salt of the compound of
Formula 3.
[0034] The reaction between the salt of the compound of Formula 3
and the compound of Formula 2 may be carried out at room
temperature, and the reaction solvent may be water, acetonitrile,
tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, isopropyl
acetate, n-butyl acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,4-dioxane,
C.sub.1-C.sub.4 lower alcohol (e.g., methanol, ethanol, propanol,
butanol), alone or in combination thereof.
[0035] The reaction product of the salt of the compound of Formula
3 and the compound of Formula 2 obtained as described above is a
mixture including the compound of Formula 1a and the compound of
Formula 1b:
##STR00010##
[0036] wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same as defined
above.
[0037] Therefore, in order to separate the compound of Formula 1a
and the compound of Formula 1b from each other in the reaction
product, the method for preparing the compound of Formula 1a may
further include purifying the reaction product of the salt of the
compound of Formula 3 and the compound of Formula 2.
[0038] In one embodiment, the purifying step may include a
crystallization process, and more particularly, the crystallization
process may include a first crystallization process and a second
crystallization process.
[0039] In one embodiment, the crystallization process may be a
process in which a first crystallization solvent (for example,
water, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 lower alcohol, diethyl ether, tert-butyl
methyl ether, isopropyl ether, pentane, hexane, cyclohexane,
heptane and a mixture thereof) is added to a reaction product of a
salt of a compound of Formula 3 and a compound of Formula 2, the
compound of Formula 1b is crystallized, and then filtered and
separated ("first crystallization process"), a second
crystallization solvent (for example, acetone, acetonitrile,
tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, isopropyl
acetate, n-butyl acetate, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,4-dioxane,
C.sub.1-C.sub.4 lower alcohol or a mixture thereof) is added to the
remaining filtrate, and the compound of Formula 1a is crystallized,
filtered and separated ("second crystallization process").
[0040] In one embodiment, a process of washing and concentrating
may be further carried out before the first crystallization solvent
is added, if necessary.
[0041] In one embodiment, the purifying step may include a heat
treatment process. Through a heat treatment process, the compound
of Formula 1b may be transformed to the compound of Formula 5.
[0042] In one embodiment, the heat treatment process may be carried
out at a pressure of about 1 atmosphere to 50 atmosphere. The
pressure is measured for internal pressure of the reactant and the
pressure may depend on the change of the temperature in the
reactant.
[0043] In one embodiment, the heat treatment process may be carried
out at a reaction temperature of 100.degree. C. to 250.degree. C.,
preferably 150.degree. C. to 220.degree. C.
[0044] In one embodiment, the heat treatment process may be carried
out for 10 minutes to 40 hours, preferably 20 minutes to 24 hours.
However, the reaction time may be appropriately adjusted according
to the reaction temperature.
[0045] In one embodiment, the heat treatment process may be a step
of heating the reaction product of the salt of the compound of
Formula 3 and the compound of Formula 2 to selectively convert only
the compound of Formula 1b into the compound of Formula 5 (wherein
because the compound of Formula 1a is thermally stable compared to
the compound of Formula 1b, the ratio of decomposition or reaction
of the compound of Formula 1a due to the heat treatment is
extremely low compared to the compound of Formula 1b). The heating
may be carried out in the presence of a solvent (e.g., acetone,
acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran, ethyl
acetate, isopropyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, dichloromethane,
chloroform, 1,4-dioxane, C.sub.1-C.sub.4 lower alcohol or a mixture
thereof).
[0046] After the heat treatment process, a process of washing with
an acidic aqueous solution may be further carried out. Through a
process of washing, the compound of Formula 5, which is transformed
from the compound of Formula 1b, is removed.
[0047] In one embodiment, the acidic aqueous solution may be a
solution of strong acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid,
or a solution of weak acid such as acetic acid or citric acid, but
is not limited thereto.
##STR00011##
[0048] wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same as defined
above.
[0049] According to the present disclosure, when the compound of
Formula 3 is prepared as a salt and then reacted with the compound
of Formula 2, the compound of Formula 1a can be obtained with
increased selectivity as compared to a conventional method in which
the compound of Formula 2, the compound of Formula 3 and the base
are simultaneously reacted. Specifically, the ratio of the compound
of Formula 1a to the compound of Formula 1b was 4:6 in the
conventional method, but the ratio may become about 6:4 according
to the method of the present disclosure.
[0050] As the selectivity of the compound of Formula 1a is
increased according to the method of the present disclosure
compared to the conventional method as described above, the
productivities of the compound of Formula 1a and carbamate compound
prepared therefrom may also increase remarkably. Specifically,
their productivities increase at least about 70%, and more
specifically, about 70% to about 100%.
[0051] Therefore, another aspect of the present disclosure relates
to a method for increasing the selectivity of a compound of Formula
1a by using a salt of a compound of Formula 3 in the synthesis of
compounds of Formula 1a and a compound of Formula 1b from a
compound of Formula 2 and a compound of Formula 3.
[0052] In addition, still another aspect of the present disclosure
relates to a preparing a compound of Formula 1a, comprising:
reacting a compound of Formula 2 with a salt of a compound of
Formula 3; and purifying the reaction product of the salt of the
compound of Formula 3 and the compound of Formula 2, wherein the
purifying step comprises a crystallizing process or a heat
treatment process:
##STR00012##
[0053] wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and X are the same as defined
above.
[0054] In addition, still another aspect of the present disclosure
relates to a method for preparing a compound of Formula 4,
comprising: (1) reacting a compound of Formula 2 with a salt of a
compound of Formula 3; (2) separating the compound of Formula 1a
from a mixture obtained from the reaction of step (1); and (3)
reducing the compound of Formula 1a separated in step 2 and
carbamating the reduced compound of Formula 1a:
##STR00013##
[0055] wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are the same as defined
above.
[0056] The reaction of a compound of Formula 2 and a compound of
Formula 3 is the same as described above.
[0057] The separation of a compound of Formula 1a may include the
purification step described above.
[0058] In the step of reducing and carbamating, the reduction
process maybe carried out by using an oxidoreductase enzyme that is
suspended in a reaction mixture or immobilized in a conventional
manner. The enzyme may be used in a completely purified state, a
partially purified state or a microbial cell state in which it is
expressed. The cells themselves may be in a native state,
permeabilized state, or lysed state. It will be understood by those
of ordinary skill in the art that when the method of the present
disclosure is carried out by the use of enzyme in a cell state
allows to highly reduce costs so that it is preferable. Most
preferably, the enzyme is expressed in E. coli and used as a native
cell suspension.
[0059] The enzymatic reduction of the compound of Formula 1a may be
carried out in a reaction mixture comprising the compound of
Formula 1a, an oxidoreductase, NADH or NADPH as a cofactor, a
cosubstrate and a suitable buffer. The oxidoreductase can be used
to reduce the compound of Formula 1a with high conversion and
enantiomeric selectivity using polypeptides having oxidoreductase
activity. The enantiomeric excess of the R-configuration alcohol
produced in the enantiomeric selective enzymatic reduction is at
least about 89%, preferably at least about 95% and most preferably
at least about 99%.
[0060] In the step of reducing and carbamating, a method for
introducing a carbamoyl group may, for example, introduce a
carbamoyl group by the use of an inorganic cyanate-organic acid,
isocyanate-water or a carbonyl compound-ammonia.
[0061] In the carbamation with the inorganic cyanate-organic acid,
the (R)-configuration alcohol compound converted from the compound
of Formula 1a by the reduction method may be dissolved in an
organic solvent--for example, diethylether, tetrahydrofuran,
1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, chloroform or a mixture
thereof, and then an inorganic cyanate such as sodium cyanate and
an organic acid such as methanesulfonic acid or acetic acid, which
are 1 to 4 equivalents, may be added thereto, and the reaction may
be carried out at a reaction temperature of about -10.degree. C. to
about 70.degree. C.
[0062] In the method of using isocyanate-water, 1 to 4 equivalents
of isocyanate--for example, chlorosulfonyl isocyanate,
trichloroacetyl isocyanate, trimethylsilyl isocyanate or the like,
may be added to an alcohol compound solution having a
(R)-configuration obtained by reducing a compound of Formula 1a in
an organic solvent--for example, diethylether, tetrahydrofuran,
1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, chloroform or a mixture
thereof, and reacted at a reaction temperature of about -50.degree.
C. to 40.degree. C., and then 1 to 20 equivalents of water may be
sequentially added thereto without any purification to carry out
hydrolysis.
[0063] In the method of using carbonyl compound-ammonia, 1 to 4
equivalents of carbonyl compound--for example,
1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole, carbamoyl chloride, N,N'-disuccinimidyl
carbonate, phosgene, triphosgene, chloroformate or the like, are
added to an alcohol compound solution in a (R)-configuration
obtained by reducing a compound of Formula 1a in an organic
solvent--for example, diethylether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane,
acetonitrile, dichloromethane, chloroform or a mixture thereof, and
then 1 to 10 equivalents of ammonia are sequentially added without
purification at a reaction temperature of about -10.degree. C. to
70.degree. C.
[0064] In addition, still another aspect of the present disclosure
relates to a method for separating a compound of Formula 1a from a
mixture comprising a compound of Formula 1a and a compound of 1b by
heat treating the mixture comprising the compound of chemical
formula 1a and the compound of Formula 1b to produce a compound of
Formula 5 and removing this compound.
[0065] The heat treatment process is the same as described
above.
[0066] In one embodiment, the removal of the compound of Formula 5
may be carried out by washing with an acidic aqueous solution. The
acidic aqueous solution may be a solution of strong acid such as
hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, or a solution of weak acid such
as acetic acid or citric acid, but is not limited thereto.
[0067] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically
described with reference to the following examples. However, these
are provided only for better understanding of the present
invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited
thereto.
EXAMPLES
Example 1
[0068] Tetrazole (0.165 g) was dissolved in methanol (9 mL) and
potassium carbonate (0.538 g) was added thereto at room
temperature. The reaction product was stirred at room temperature
for about 15 minutes. After confirming that carbon dioxide gas no
longer occurs, n-butyl acetate (9 mL) was added, methanol was
removed by distillation under reduced pressure, and n-butyl acetate
was added. After adding 2-bromo-2'-chloroacetophenone (0.50 g) to
the reaction solution, the reaction product was stirred at
50.degree. C. for 12 hours. After the temperature was adjusted to
room temperature, it was confirmed that the selectivity of the
compound of Formula 1b corresponding to Formula 1b was 40% and the
selectivity of the compound of Formula 1a corresponding to Formula
1a was 60%, by HPLC. The HPLC conditions are as follows and are as
used in the examples below:
[0069] The column was Phenomenex Luna C18, 5 m, 4.6.times.250 mm
and column temperature was 35.degree. C. The mobile phase was
acetonitrile:water at a ratio of 6:4 and contained 0.1%
trifluoroacetic acid, and was flowed for 10 minutes at 2.0 mL/min
under isocratic conditions. The wavelength was fixed at 245 nm, and
the peak time position of the compound was 2.36 minutes for the
compound of Formula 1a, 1.94 minutes for the compound of Formula
1b, and 4.01 minutes for 2-bromo-2'-chloroacetophenone.
[0070] HPLC results are represented in FIG. 1.
Example 2
[0071] Tetrazole (0.165 g) was dissolved in n-butyl acetate (9 mL)
and potassium carbonate (0.538 g) was added at room temperature.
The reaction product was stirred at room temperature for about 24
hours. After confirming that carbon dioxide gas no longer occurred,
2-bromo-2'-chloroacetophenone (0.50 g) was added to the reaction
solution and the reaction product was stirred at 50.degree. C. for
12 hours. After the temperature was adjusted to room temperature,
it was confirmed that the selectivity of the compound of Formula 1a
was 60% by HPLC.
Example 3
[0072] Tetrazole (1.40 g) and potassium carbonate (1.38 g) were
added to water (10 mL) and stirred at 100.degree. C. for about 1
hour under a reflux condition. The temperature was lowered to room
temperature, water was distilled off, and the resultant was diluted
in 20 mL of ethanol. The mixture was stirred at 80.degree. C. for 2
hours, and then the temperature was adjusted at room temperature.
About 10 mL of ethanol was removed by distillation under reduced
pressure and stirred for 2 hours, then filtered and dried under a
nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the tetrazole potassium salt (1.70
g). The obtained tetrazole potassium salt (0.153 g) was added to
n-butyl acetate (1.8 mL), 2-bromo-2'-chloroacetophenone (0.30 g)
was added thereto, and the reaction mixture was stirred at
50.degree. C. for 12 hours. After the temperature was adjusted to
room temperature, it was confirmed that the selectivity of the
compound of Formula 1a was 62% by HPLC.
Example 4
[0073] The tetrazole potassium salt (0.509 g) obtained in Example 3
was added to 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran (6 mL),
2-bromo-2'-chloroacetophenone (1.00 g) was added thereto, and the
reaction mixture was stirred at 50.degree. C. for 22 hours. After
the temperature was adjusted to room temperature, it was confirmed
that the selectivity of the compound of Formula 1a was 57% by
HPLC.
Example 5
[0074] Tetrazole (1.40 g) and cesium carbonate (3.26 g) were added
to water (10 mL) and stirred at 100.degree. C. for about 1 hour
under a reflux condition. The temperature was lowered to room
temperature, water was distilled off, and the reaction mixture was
vacuum-dried to obtain tetrazole cesium salt (1.685 g). The
obtained tetrazole cesium salt (0.285 g) was added to n-butyl
acetate (1.8 mL), 2-bromo-2'-chloroacetophenone (0.30 g) was added
thereto, and the reaction mixture was stirred at 50.degree. C. for
12 hours. After the temperature was adjusted to room temperature,
it was confirmed that the selectivity of the compound of Formula 1a
was 56% by HPLC.
Example 6
[0075] Tetrazole (1.40 g) and sodium carbonate (0.68 g) were added
to water (10 mL) and stirred at 100.degree. C. for about 1 hour
under a reflux condition. The temperature was lowered to room
temperature, water was distilled off, and the reaction mixture was
vacuum-dried to obtain tetrazole sodium salt (1.53 g). The obtained
tetrazole sodium salt (0.156 g) was added to n-butyl acetate (1.8
mL), 2-bromo-2'-chloroacetophenone (0.30 g) was added thereto, and
the reaction mixture was stirred at 50.degree. C. for 12 hours.
After the temperature was adjusted to room temperature, it was
confirmed that the selectivity of the compound of Formula 1a was
63% by HPLC.
Comparative Example 1
[0076] 2-Bromo-2'-chloroacetophenone (86.0 g), potassium carbonate
(30.5 g) and 35% tetrazole DMF solution (81.0 g) were added to
ethyl acetate (245 mL) and stirred at 55.degree. C. for 2 hours.
After the temperature was adjusted to room temperature, it was
confirmed that the selectivity of the compound of Formula 1a was
42% by HPLC.
Example 7
[0077] 2-Bromo-2'-chloroacetophenone (13.0 g) was reacted with
tetrazole potassium salt (6.62 g) and isopropyl acetate (117 mL),
and then washed with diluted hydrochloric acid and brine to remove
secondarily generated potassium bromide. The separated isopropyl
acetate layer was completely concentrated, substituted with
tert-butyl methyl ether, stirred under a reflux condition for about
1 hour, and then slowly cooled to 15.degree. C. When the compound
of Formula 1b was sufficiently precipitated, the resultant was
filtered to obtain the compound of Formula 1b (4.1 g, including the
compound of Formula 1a) as a solid. For reference, the filtrate was
analyzed by HPLC, and it was confirmed that the filtrate is
comprised of 6.0 g of the compound of Formula 1a and 0.74 g of the
compound of Formula 1b.
[0078] Compounds of Formula 1b: 1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3) 8.86 (s, 1H),
7.77 (d, 1H), 7.40-7.62 (m, 3H), 5.97 (s, 2H)
Example 8
[0079] A solution of a mixture of 6.0 g of the compound of Formula
1a and 0.74 g of the compound of Formula 1b obtained as a filtrate
in Example 7 was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the
solvent as much as possible, and while being substituted with
isopropyl alcohol, the compound of Formula 1a was dissolved in
isopropyl alcohol (45 mL), stirred for about 1 hour at 60.degree.
C., and slowly cooled to 10.degree. C. The compound of Formula 1a
was filtered after sufficient precipitation, washed twice with
cooled isopropyl alcohol (13 mL) and once with n-heptane (26 mL) to
obtain the compound of Formula 1a (5.55 g) as a solid with an HPLC
purity of 94.2%.
[0080] Compounds of Formula 1a: 1H NMR (CDCl.sub.3) 8.62 (s, 1H),
7.72 (d, 1H), 7.35-7.55 (m, 3H), 6.17 (s, 2H)
Example 9
[0081] After reacting 2-bromo-2'-chloroacetophenone (17.1 g) with
tetrazole potassium salt (8.71 g) and isopropyl acetate (130 mL),
heptane (165 mL) was added to obtain the secondarily produced
potassium bromide and the compound of Formula 1b as a solid at one
time. After stirring at 60.degree. C. for 1 hour, the reaction
mixture was slowly cooled to about 8.5.degree. C. When the
potassium bromide and the compound of Formula 1b were sufficiently
precipitated, they were filtered to obtain potassium bromide and
the compound of Formula 1b (total of 14 g) as solids. For
reference, the filtrate was analyzed by HPLC, and it was confirmed
that the filtrate is comprised of 9.5 g of the compound of Formula
1a and 1.4 g of the compound of Formula 1b.
Example 10
[0082] A solution of a mixture of 9.5 g of the compound of Formula
1a and 1.4 g of the compound of Formula 1b--obtained as a filtrate
in Example 9--was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the
solvent as much as possible and substituted with isopropyl alcohol.
The compound of Formula 1a was stirred for about 1 hour at
60.degree. C. to dissolve in isopropyl alcohol (96 mL) and then
slowly cooled to 10.degree. C. When the compound of Formula 1a was
sufficiently precipitated, the solid was filtered and washed twice
with cold isopropyl alcohol (17 mL) and once with heptane (34 mL).
The compound of Formula 1a (7.6 g) was obtained as a solid.
Example 11
[0083] A mixture in which 2'-chlorophenyl 2-tetrazol-2-yl ketone
(0.3 g) and 2'-chlorophenyl 2-tetrazole-1-yl ketone (0.2 g) were
dissolved in isopropyl acetate (3 mL) was heated at 150.degree. C.
for 24 hours, the temperature was adjusted to room temperature, and
a pyrolysis ratio was confirmed through HPLC. It was confirmed that
99.9% of 2'-chlorophenyl 2-tetrazol-1-yl was decomposed and
transformed to 5-(2-chlorophenyl)oxazol-2-amine, and 88.2% of
2'-chlorophenyl 2-tetrazol-2-yl remained without decomposition by
HPLC. The produced 5-(2-chlorophenyl)oxazol-2-amine was washed with
1N HCl to remove this compound.
[0084] 5-(2-Chlorophenyl)oxazol-2-amine: LC-MS [M+H]=195.0
g/mol
[0085] The structure of 5-(2-chlorophenyl)oxazol-2-amine was
confirmed by ORTEP image and represented in FIG. 2.
Example 12
[0086] A mixture in which 2'-chlorophenyl 2-tetrazol-2-yl ketone
(0.3 g) and 2'-chlorophenyl 2-tetrazole-1-yl ketone (0.2 g) were
dissolved in isopropanol (3 mL) was flowed in a tube-type
continuous reactor set at 210.degree. C. for 20 minutes, and then
the temperature was adjusted to room temperature, and a pyrolysis
ratio was confirmed through HPLC. It was confirmed that 99.9% of
2'-chlorophenyl 2-tetrazol-1-yl was decomposed and transformed to
5-(2-chlorophenyl)oxazol-2-amine, and 90% of 2'-chlorophenyl
2-tetrazol-2-yl remained without decomposition.
* * * * *