U.S. patent application number 17/380554 was filed with the patent office on 2022-01-20 for uv-a and uv-b permeable fabric.
This patent application is currently assigned to TanMeOn GmbH. The applicant listed for this patent is TanMeOn GmbH. Invention is credited to Ellen BENDT, Maike RABE, Karin RATOVO, Jan ROSENBROCK.
Application Number | 20220018046 17/380554 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000005924618 |
Filed Date | 2022-01-20 |
United States Patent
Application |
20220018046 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
BENDT; Ellen ; et
al. |
January 20, 2022 |
UV-A AND UV-B PERMEABLE FABRIC
Abstract
A fabric having particularly good translucent properties with
regard to UVA and UVB radiation, in particular for use in garments
for the sport and leisure sector, with the transparency being
reduced at the same time. The fabric comprises a first yarn made of
cellulose-based fiber or regenerated fiber, and a second yarn made
of polymer fiber. The proportion by weight of the first and second
yarns is at least 80% by weight. The wale density is in the range
from 10 to 30 per cm and the course density is in the range from 15
to 33 per cm. The second yarn has a fineness in the range from 45
to 300 dtex and the first yarn has a fineness in the range from 150
to 300 dtex. The grammage of the fabric is between 70 and 150
g/m{circumflex over ( )}2.
Inventors: |
BENDT; Ellen;
(Monchengladbach, DE) ; RABE; Maike;
(Monchengladbach, DE) ; RATOVO; Karin;
(Monchengladbach, DE) ; ROSENBROCK; Jan; (Hamburg,
DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
TanMeOn GmbH |
Sankt-Peter Ording |
|
DE |
|
|
Assignee: |
TanMeOn GmbH
Sankt-Peter Ording
DE
|
Family ID: |
1000005924618 |
Appl. No.: |
17/380554 |
Filed: |
July 20, 2021 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D10B 2331/02 20130101;
D10B 2201/02 20130101; D10B 2401/22 20130101; D03D 15/225 20210101;
D03D 15/50 20210101; D03D 15/217 20210101; D10B 2501/04 20130101;
D04B 1/16 20130101; D03D 1/007 20130101; D10B 2201/24 20130101;
D03D 15/283 20210101; D04B 1/14 20130101 |
International
Class: |
D04B 1/16 20060101
D04B001/16; D03D 15/283 20060101 D03D015/283; D03D 15/225 20060101
D03D015/225; D03D 15/50 20060101 D03D015/50; D03D 15/217 20060101
D03D015/217; D04B 1/14 20060101 D04B001/14; D03D 1/00 20060101
D03D001/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jul 20, 2020 |
DE |
102020119069.7 |
Claims
1. A fabric comprising at least one first yarn and at least one
second yarn, said at least one first yarn comprising at least one
regenerated fiber or cellulose-based fiber, and said at least one
second yarn comprising at least one polymer fiber and wherein the
proportion by weight of the at least one first yarn and the at
least one second yarn together is at least 80% by weight, based on
the total weight of the fabric, and wherein the wale density of the
fabric is in the range from 10 to 30 per cm and the course density
of the fabric is in the range from 15 to 33 per cm, and wherein the
at least one second yarn has a fineness in the range from 45 to 300
dtex and wherein the grammage of the fabric is between 70 and 150
g/m{circumflex over ( )}2 and wherein the at least one first yarn
has a fineness in the range from 150 to 300 dtex.
2. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric exclusively
comprises cellulose-based fibers, regenerated fibers or polymer
fibers, or any combination thereof.
3. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the wale density of the
unshrunk fabric is in the range of 10 to 30 per cm or the course
density of the unshrunk fabric is in the range of 15 to 33 cm, or
any combination thereof.
4. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the at least one first
yarn is dyed, or the at least one second yarn does not contain any
pigmentation or optical brighteners.
5. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric consists
exclusively of the at least one first yarn and the at least one
second yarn or wherein the fiber content of the cellulose-based
fiber or regenerated fiber in the at least one first yarn is at
least 90% based on the total fiber content of all the fibers of the
at least one first yarn, or wherein the fiber content of the
polymer fiber in the at least one second yarn is at least 90% by
weight based on the total fiber content of all the fibers of the at
least one second yarn, or wherein the at least one second yarn
comprises at least 80% by weight polymer.
6. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the proportion by
weight of the at least one first yarn is at least 30% by weight and
at most 70% by weight based on the total weight of the fabric, and
the proportion by weight of the at least one second yarn is at
least 30% by weight and at most 70% by weight based on the total
weight of the fabric, and wherein the ratio of the at least one
second yarn relative to the at least one first yarn is at least 1
and at most 3.
7. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric has a
transmittance of UVB rays or UVA rays, or both UVB and UVA rays of
at least 20% or wherein the fabric has a UV protection factor (USF)
and Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF), determined according to
the Australian/New Zealand Standard 4399:1996 for sun protecting
clothing evaluation and classification (AS/NZS4399: 1996) in the
range from 1.5 to 5.
8. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric has a pique
or jacquard weave
9. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is a
knitwear.
10. A garment comprising a fabric according to claim 1.
11. The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the at least one
second yarn is a multifilament and wherein the grammage of the
fabric is between 90 and 130 g/m{circumflex over ( )}2, or wherein
the at least one first yarn is a monofilament, or any combination
thereof.
12. The fabric according to claim 3, wherein the wale density of
the fabric, shrunk or when moist, or both, is in the range from 10
to 30 per cm, and the course density of the fabric, shrunk or when
moist, or both, is in the range from 15 to 33 per cm, or a
combination of said wale density and course density.
13. The fabric according to claim 4, wherein the fabric has a
degree of optical covering of at least 40% or a maximum of 90%, or
both.
14. The fabric according to claim 5, wherein the at least one
second yarn comprises at least 80% by weight polyamide or polyester
and comprises less than 10% by weight additives, and the at least
one second yarn contains less than 10% by weight pigmentation or
optical brighteners.
15. The fabric according to claim 8, wherein the at least one first
yarn and the at least one second yarn form the jacquard
pattern.
16. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is a
knitted fabric.
17. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is a pique
or jacquard knitted fabric.
18. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is a
jacquard jersey knitted fabric.
19. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is a
knitted fabric having a first plurality of stitches and a second
plurality of floats or handles, wherein the second plurality of
floats or handles is 10 to 35%, of the sum of the first and second
pluralities, or wherein the fabric has handles or floats and the
handles or floats are present in 40 to 60% of the wales, or the
handles or floats are present in 20 to 60% of the courses.
Description
[0001] The invention relates to a fabric which has particularly
good translucent properties with regard to UVA and UVB radiation,
in particular for use in garments for the sport and leisure sector,
with the transparency being reduced at the same time.
[0002] The articles known on the market for their translucent
properties are predominantly in the swimwear sector and are
therefore mostly made entirely of synthetic fibers and are also
mostly based on the warp knitting technique. The existing, heavily
printed, net-like structures--wherein the all-over print is
supposed to hide the transparency--cannot be used for the desired
sports and leisure sector. In addition, the well-known articles
only achieve a UPF of at most 23%. Other articles that do not come
from the swimwear sector mainly allow UVA rays to pass through, but
not UVB rays.
[0003] The technical object of the invention is faced with the
difficulty of achieving a defined, relatively high UV transmittance
while at the same time having a rather dense fabric construction
for knitted goods. The aim is to achieve a tan of the skin as
uniform as possible through a defined, rather high transmission of
solar radiation through the garment during outdoor activities. This
must be the case both in the UVB and in the UVA wave range. Since
the goods are to be used in the sports and leisure sector (e.g.
tennis), they must also be comfortable to wear, have a
plain-colored appearance and a certain density. The object of the
invention is therefore the preparation or the provision of a fabric
having a defined, rather high UV transmittance and at the same time
very good physiological characteristics in terms of wear.
[0004] The object is achieved by a fabric, in particular a knitted
fabric, and garments made from it.
[0005] The fabric according to the invention has at least one first
and at least one second yarn, said at least one first yarn
comprising at least one cellulose-based fiber and/or regenerated
fiber, in particular at least one lyocell fiber, and said at least
one second yarn comprising at least one polymer fiber, in
particular made of synthetic polymer, in particular at least one
polyamide or polyester fiber. The use of the at least one yarn and
the at least second yarn, which, in particular, alternate over the
width or length of the fabric, in particular wales or courses,
ensures a good match between good optical concealment of the person
wearing it and the desired UV transmission.
[0006] The use of polyamide results to some extent in a UV
transmission that is more similar in the UVA and UVB range than
when using polyester.
[0007] A cellulose-based fiber can be a cotton or regenerated
fiber, for example. In a particularly high-quality version, the
fabric has no cotton and/or no natural fibers, but only regenerated
and polymer fibers.
[0008] Knitted fabrics usually consist of a large number of yarns,
the sequence of which is repeated several times over the width of
the fabric. When considering the (number of) yarns, the smallest
repeating sequence of yarns or a system is considered in
particular. In particular, a system or the smallest yarn sequence
that is repeated many times over the width of the fabric comprises
a first and a second yarn, in particular exclusively the first and
the second yarn, in particular the fabric has a, in particular
always, recurring change of first and second yarn over its
width.
[0009] The proportion by weight of the at least one first yarn and
the at least one second yarn together based on the total weight of
the fabric is at least 80% by weight, in particular at least 95% by
weight.
[0010] The wale density of the fabric is in the range from 10 to 30
per cm and the course density of the fabric is in the range from 15
to 33 per cm. The second yarn also has a fineness in the range from
45 to 300 dtex, in particular at least 80 dtex and/or in particular
at most 150 dtex, and the first yarn has a fineness in the range
from 150 to 300 dtex.
[0011] According to the invention, the grammage of the fabric is
between 70 and 150 g/m{circumflex over ( )}2.
[0012] The task can be achieved by the combination of these
features.
[0013] Advantageously, the fabric does not comprise any cotton
and/or any natural fiber, and/or the fabric is formed exclusively
from cellulose-based fiber, regenerated and/or polymer fiber. The
second yarn is preferably a multifilament, in particular with 90 to
150 filaments, and/or the first yarn is a monofilament.
[0014] The gram mage of the fabric is preferably between 90 and 130
g/m{circumflex over ( )}2.
[0015] Advantageously, the wale density of the unshrunk fabric is
in the range of 10 to 30 per cm, and/or the course density of the
unshrunk fabric is in the range of 15 to 33 per cm, and/or the wale
density of the fabric shrunk, in particular at 40.degree. and/or
when moist is in the range from 10 to 30 per cm, and/or the course
density of the fabric shrunk, in particular at 40.degree. and/or
when moist, is in the range from 15 to 33 per cm.
[0016] Advantageously, the first, in particular only the first,
yarn is dyed. This takes place in particular before the fabric is
knitted and enables the fabric to be structured in color even
without printing or dyeing the finished knitted fabric. The desired
UV transmittance can be achieved in spite of the dyeing.
[0017] Advantageously, the second yarn does not contain any
pigmentation and/or optical brighteners.
[0018] It is particularly advantageous if the fabric consists
exclusively of the first yarn, in particular of one type, and the
second yarn, in particular of one type.
[0019] A large number of yarns, the sequence of which is repeated,
is used to produce a knitted fabric. In particular, only two kinds
or types of yarn are used, one kind or type of yarn for the first
yarn and a second kind or type of yarn for the second yarn. These
yarns are then repeated several times across the width of the
fabric.
[0020] Preferably, the fiber content of the cellulose-based fiber
and/or regenerated, in particular lyocell fiber, in the at least
one first yarn is at least 90%, in particular at least 95%, in
particular 100%, based on the total fiber content of all the fibers
of the at least one first yarn, and/or the fiber content of the
polymer fiber, in particular polyamide and/or polyester fiber, in
the at least one second yarn is at least 90% by weight, in
particular at least 95% by weight, in particular 100% by weight,
based on the total fiber content of all the fibers of the at least
one second yarn, and/or the polymer fiber comprises at least 80% by
weight polymer, in particular, the polymer fiber comprises at least
80% by weight polyamide or polyester.
[0021] Preferably, the first and/or the second yarn, in particular
all the yarns of the fabric, include less than 10% by weight, in
particular less than 2% by weight, in particular no, additives
and/or optical brighteners, as these can impair UV
transmission.
[0022] The first and/or second yarn, in particular all the yarns of
the fabric, preferably include less than 10% by weight, in
particular less than 2% by weight, in particular no, pigments
and/or TiO2.
[0023] In particular, the proportion by weight of the at least one
first yarn is at least 30% by weight, in particular at least 40% by
weight, and/or at most 70% by weight, in particular at most 60% by
weight, based on the total weight of the fabric, and/or the
proportion by weight of the at least one second yarn is at least
30% by weight, in particular at least 40% by weight, and/or at most
70% by weight, in particular at most 60% by weight, based on the
total weight of the fabric.
[0024] In particular, the fabric is produced on a circular knitting
machine, in particular with a fineness of the circular knitting
machine of at least E24, that is to say at least 24 needles per
inch, and/or at least 1 needle per 1.1 mm. Finenesses of E38 or
finer are preferred.
[0025] The ratio, in particular the weight ratio, of the proportion
of the at least one second yarn in the fabric relative to the
proportion of the at least one first yarn is preferably at least 1,
in particular at least 1.3, and/or at most 3, in particular at most
2.4.
[0026] Advantageously, the fabric has, in particular in the
unprinted and/or undyed state, wherein this does not exclude dyeing
of at least one, in particular the first yarn, a transmittance of
UVB rays, in particular over the entire UVB range (from 280 to 320
nm) and/or, in particular and, UVA rays, in particular over the
entire UVA range (from 320 to 400 nm) of at least 20%, in
particular at least 30%, and/or at most 80%, in particular at most
60%, in particular at most 50%. This enables a balanced setting
between sun protection and tanning.
[0027] The fabric can preferably have a UV protection factor (USF)
and/or Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF), determined according to
the Australian/New Zealand Standard 4399:1996 for sun protecting
clothing evaluation and classification (AS/NZS4399: 1996) in the
range of 1 5 to 5, in particular in the range from 3 to 5. This
enables a balanced setting between sun protection and tanning.
[0028] Preferably, the fabric is pique or jacquard, wherein, in
particular, the at least one first yarn and the at least one second
yarn form the jacquard pattern.
[0029] Advantageously, the fabric is a knitwear, in particular a
knitted fabric, in particular a pique or jacquard knitted fabric,
in particular a jacquard Jersey knitted fabric. This has proven to
be particularly advantageous for setting and evenly distributing
the UV protection.
[0030] Advantageously, the knitted fabric forming the fabric has a
first plurality of stitches and a second plurality of floats and/or
handles, wherein, in particular, the second plurality is 10% to
35%, in particular 10% to 30%, of the sum of the first and second
pluralities, and/or wherein the fabric has handles and/or floats
and in particular the handles and/or floats are present in 40 to
60% of the wales and/or the handles and/or floats are present in 20
to 60% of the courses. This has proven to be particularly
advantageous for achieving the desired UV transmittance with
reduced transparency and an attractive appearance.
[0031] The fabric advantageously has a degree of optical covering
of at least 40% and/or a maximum of 90%, in particular between 50%
and 80%, in particular between 60% and 70%. Such a degree of
optical covering ensures that the fabric is sufficiently opaque so
that the fabric, for example when it is used as clothing, covers
the body with sufficient opacity, but at the same time still allows
sufficient tanning, in particular the maximum possible tanning.
[0032] According to the invention, a degree of the optical covering
is understood to mean the opacity, in particular caused by the
fabric, exerted by the fabric on an area underneath the fabric,
i.e. a degree by which the area underneath is partially covered
and/or by which the light passing through the fabric is prevented
from exiting through the fabric. In other words, the degree of the
optical opacity indicates what percentage of the light passing
through the fabric onto a surface underneath the fabric emanates
from this surface and passes back through the fabric.
[0033] One possibility of determining this degree of optical
covering will be explained using the following example, with other
possibilities also being conceivable and possible.
[0034] In one possible test, a test background is provided by means
of DIN A4 paper, a grid being arranged on the paper. At least two
grid areas are arranged on the grid, a first grid area having a
first color and a second grid area having a second color. The first
color can be a skin color, for example, in the RGB color space HEX
#dab79b with an opacity of 100%. The second color can, for example,
be the A4 paper's inherent color, e.g. white. The fabric is then
placed on this A4 paper. The fabric can lie directly on the paper
or be spread out at a distance of, for example, 0.5 cm above the
paper. The grid can, for example, consist of 54 tiles of
250.times.250 pixels width and height, which were applied to A4
paper with 300 DPI. For the test, a light source can be placed over
the fabric so that the fabric is located between the paper and the
light source. In addition to the light source, a camera can also be
arranged in such a way that the fabric is also located between the
paper and the camera, with neither the camera nor the light source
being arranged between the fabric and the camera or light source,
i.e. not standing in each other's way. As the light source, for
example, a light source with 1400 lumens can be used. The light
source can be arranged at a distance of 50 cm from the fabric. The
camera can also be arranged at this distance from the fabric. The
aperture of the camera can be set to F2.8, for example, and the
exposure time to 1/160, whereby an ISO value of 800 can be defined.
The paper, the fabric on the paper, the camera and the light source
can advantageously be arranged in a container that is in particular
opaque so that no further light that does not come from the light
source can strike the fabric and/or the paper. The light source is
activated for the measurement so that it irradiates the fabric or
the paper, and by means of the camera an image of the arrangement
of the paper with the fabric arranged thereon and optionally,
namely if the properties of the grid are not sufficiently known, an
image of an arrangement without fabric are taken. These images can
be evaluated with commercially available computer programs, as long
as they can be used to analyze the property of the recorded color.
In the case of a fabric according to the invention, it will be
possible to determine by means of the analysis that the original
color tone, for example HEX dab79b according to the RGB space, is
covered by the fabric in such a way that only between 40% and a
maximum of 90%, in particular between 50% and 80%, in particular
between 60% and 70%, of the light can be absorbed again, so that
the opacity of the color tone is reduced by these values or a
corresponding darker color tone can be analyzed. For example, it
was possible to determine in corresponding comparative tests that
the original color HEX #dab79b of the first grid area that was
covered by a fabric according to the invention and of which an
image was taken through the fabric in an arrangement as described
above by way of example, was detected as a color with a value of
HEX #b98c77 in the RGB space in the image taken, which corresponds
to a reduction of 65%, which is why this fabric according to the
invention can be assigned a degree of optical covering of 65%.
[0035] The object is also achieved by a garment comprising a fabric
according to the invention, in particular predominantly, in
particular exclusively, fabric according to the invention, the
garment in particular having no seams, in particular at least not
between fabric parts or sections according to the invention.
Advantageously, the garment has at least one butt seam for
connecting fabric, in particular fabric according to the invention,
and/or sewing threads included for connecting fabric, in particular
fabric according to the invention, are dyed without pigmentation
and/or only in a light shade.
[0036] Advantageously, the garment has at least one connection
between two fabric parts or sections according to the invention, on
which the fabric is no more than a single layer.
[0037] By taking the above measures, a UV transmission as uniform
as possible and thus tanning can be achieved.
[0038] Some aspects contributing to an understanding of the
invention will be illustrated below with the aid of purely
exemplary explanations that do not limit the invention. This is
done using purely schematic figures. In the figures:
[0039] FIG. 1 shows UV transmission values of different fabrics
[0040] FIG. 2 shows a pique weave pattern
[0041] FIG. 3 shows views of a fabric according to the
invention
[0042] FIG. 4 shows a jacquard weave pattern
[0043] FIG. 5 shows views of a material according to the
invention
[0044] FIG. 6 shows an outline of a test arrangement for
determining the degree of the optical covering.
[0045] FIG. 1 shows the transmission in percent of four different
knitted fabrics over the UV-A and UV range. The wavelength of the
light in nm is indicated on the horizontal axis. The four measured
knitted fabrics, denoted by numbers 1 to 4 from top to bottom in
FIG. 1, are those shown in Table 1.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 First Course No. yarn Second yarn Wale
density density Grammage Dyeing Weave 1 Lyocell PA 6.6 110f34 10/cm
17/cm 97 g/m2 undyed piqu ring yarn dtex no matting Ne 30/1 2
Cotton PA 6.6 110f34 10/cm 16/cm 92.9 g/m2 undyed piqu Nm 55/1 dtex
no matting 3 Lyocell PA 6.6 110f34 13/cm 19/cm 117.5 g/m2 First
jacquard ring yarn dtex no matting yarn Ne 30/1 dyed 4 Lyocell PA
6.6 110f34 13/cm 22/cm 128 g/m2 First jacquard ring yarn dtex no
matting yarn Ne 30/1 dyed
[0046] FIG. 2 shows an illustration of the weaves of the fabrics of
Nos. 1 and 2 of Table 1. The weaves in the width of the fabric are
shown from left to right, only one repeat being shown and this
sequence often being repeated over the width of the fabric. The
longitudinal direction of the fabric extends from bottom to top.
The weave sequence shown is repeated in the longitudinal direction
of the fabric. In the depiction:
TABLE-US-00002 X means stitch of the first yarn {circumflex over (
)} means loop of the first yarn Y means stitch of the second
yarn
[0047] FIG. 3 shows a plan view of the front (left figure) and back
(right figure) of the fabric according to the invention of No. 2 of
Table 1 on a black background.
[0048] FIG. 4 shows an illustration of the weaves of the fabrics of
Nos. 3 and 4 of Table 1. The weaves in the width of the fabric are
shown from left to right, with only one pattern repeat being shown
and this sequence often being repeated over the width of the
fabric. The longitudinal direction of the fabric extends from
bottom to top. The weave sequence shown is repeated in the
longitudinal direction of the fabric. In the depiction:
TABLE-US-00003 X means stitch of the first yarn Y means stitch of
the second yarn -- Float
[0049] FIG. 5 shows a black and white plan view of the front (left
figure) and back (right figure) of the fabric according to the
invention of No. 3 of Table 1 on a black background.
[0050] FIG. 6 shows a schematic structure of a test arrangement by
means of which the degree of the optical covering can be
determined.
[0051] A container 1 is shown in which a paper 2 with a grid
applied to a surface (not visible) is arranged on the bottom and a
fabric 3 is arranged over the paper. On the top in the interior of
the container, a light source 4 on the one hand and a camera 5 on
the other hand are arranged next to one another at a distance 6
from the fabric of 50 cm. However, a different distance is also
conceivable.
[0052] The light source 4 has a luminous flux of 1400 lumens. In a
successful experiment of this test arrangement, a daylight lamp
from Elgato of the "Key Light Air" type (model: 20LAB9901) was
used. Furthermore, a Canon.RTM. M50 camera was used as the camera 5
and a Canon.RTM. EF-M 22 1:2 STM lens was used as the lens mounted
on the camera. The person skilled in the art is free to use other
equipment. The arrangement provides a standardizable test
arrangement by means of which an image of the fabric 3 covering
paper 2 can be taken and the degree of the optical covering can
thus be determined using software, for example with the Adobe
Photoshop.RTM. program.
* * * * *