U.S. patent application number 17/191691 was filed with the patent office on 2021-09-09 for tribological system, method for producing a tribological system and internal combustion engine with a tribological system.
The applicant listed for this patent is Mahle International GmbH. Invention is credited to Armin Geis, Alexander Puck.
Application Number | 20210277809 17/191691 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000005480599 |
Filed Date | 2021-09-09 |
United States Patent
Application |
20210277809 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Geis; Armin ; et
al. |
September 9, 2021 |
TRIBOLOGICAL SYSTEM, METHOD FOR PRODUCING A TRIBOLOGICAL SYSTEM AND
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH A TRIBOLOGICAL SYSTEM
Abstract
A tribological system for an internal combustion engine is
disclosed. The tribological system includes a valve seat ring
having a first contact surface and a valve having a second contact
surface that can placed on the first contact surface for closing a
valve opening and is arranged in a seat area of the valve. The
valve in the seat area has a seat base composed of a
high-nickel-content or a nickel-based material, and is coated with
a nickel-based plating that comprises nickel as a main component,
to form the second contact surface.
Inventors: |
Geis; Armin; (Wailingen,
DE) ; Puck; Alexander; (Esslingen, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Mahle International GmbH |
Stuttgart |
|
DE |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000005480599 |
Appl. No.: |
17/191691 |
Filed: |
March 3, 2021 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F01L 2301/00 20200501;
F01L 3/04 20130101 |
International
Class: |
F01L 3/04 20060101
F01L003/04 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Mar 4, 2020 |
DE |
102020202737.4 |
Claims
1. A tribological system for an internal combustion engine,
comprising: a valve seat ring having a first contact surface, a
valve having a second contact surface that can placed on the first
contact surface for closing a valve opening and is arranged in a
seat area of the valve, wherein the valve in the seat area has a
seat base composed of a high-nickel-content or a nickel-based
material, and is coated with a nickel-based plating that comprises
nickel as a main component, to form the second contact surface.
2. The tribological system according to claim 1, wherein the
nickel-based plating contains more than 30 percent by weight.
3. The tribological system according to claim 1, wherein the
nickel-based plating comprises up to 3 percent by weight of carbon
as an additional component.
4. The tribological system according to claim 1, wherein the
nickel-based plating comprises up to 10 percent by weight of iron
as an additional component.
5. The tribological system according to claim 1, wherein the
nickel-based plating comprises up to 30 percent by weight of
chromium as an additional component.
6. The tribological system according to claim 1, wherein the
nickel-based plating comprises up to 9 percent by weight of
molybdenum as an additional component.
7. The tribological system according to claim 1, wherein the
nickel-based plating consists of the main component and at least
one additional component.
8. The tribological system according to claim 1, wherein the seat
base of the valve having the high nickel content or the
nickel-based material comprises a material having a material number
2.4952.
9. The tribological system according to claim 1, wherein the valve
is configured as a poppet valve having a valve disk and a valve
stem protruding perpendicularly from the valve disk, wherein the
valve disk comprises the seat base and the nickel-based plating
with the second contact surface.
10. The tribological system according to claim 1, wherein the valve
seat ring is composed of sintered material.
11. The tribological system according to claim 10, wherein the
sintered material is a pressed and sintered powder mixture having
the following composition: 5 to 45 percent by weight of one or more
iron-based hard phases, 0 to 2 percent by weight of graphite
particles, 0 to 2 percent by weight of manganese sulphide, 0 to 2
percent by weight of molybdenum disulphide, 0 to 2 percent by
weight of monoiron phosphide powder, 0 to 7 percent by weight of
copper powder and 0 to 4 percent by weight of cobalt powder, 0.1 to
1.0 percent by weight of a pressing additive, a high-speed steel
having a composition of 14 to 18 percent by weight of chromium, 1.2
to 1.9 percent by weight of carbon, 0.1 to 0.9 percent by weight of
silicon, 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of vanadium, 0.5 to 2.5
percent by weight of tungsten, 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of
molybdenum and iron as a residue as well as manufacturing
impurities of less than 1.5 percent by weight.
12. The tribological system according to claim 10, wherein the
sintered materials includes one of: one or more iron-based hard
phases have a composition of less than 0.2 percent by weight of
carbon, 26 to 32 percent by weight of molybdenum, 8 to 12 percent
by weight of chromium, 2.2 to 3 percent by weight of silicon, and
or that one or more iron-based hard phases have a composition of
less than 0.3 percent by weight of carbon, 26 to 32 percent by
weight of molybdenum, 14 to 20 percent by weight of chromium, 2.9
to 4.2 percent by weight of silicon.
13. The tribological system according to claim 10 wherein the
sintered material includes a cobalt-based hard phase having a
fraction of 0.5 to 9.9 percent by weight.
14. The tribological system according to claim 10, wherein the
sintered material is a pressed and sintered powder mixture having
the following composition: one or more cobalt-based hard phases
having a composition of less than 0.1 percent by weight of carbon,
26 to 32 percent by weight of molybdenum, 7 to 12 percent by weight
of chromium, 2.0 to 4 percent by weight of silicon, 0 to 2 percent
by weight of graphite particles, 0 to 2 percent by weight of
manganese sulphide, 0 to 2 percent by weight of molybdenum
disulphide, 0 to 2 percent by weight of monoiron phosphide powder,
0 to 7 percent by weight of copper and 0 to 4 percent by weight of
cobalt powder, 0.1 to 1.0 percent by weight of a pressing additive
a high-speed steel having a composition of 14 to 18 percent by
weight of chromium, 1.2 to 1.9 percent by weight of carbon, 0.1 to
0.9 percent by weight of silicon, 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of
vanadium, 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of tungsten, 0.5 to 2.5
percent by weight of molybdenum, and cobalt as a residue as well as
manufacturing impurities of less than 1.5 percent by weight.
15. The tribological system according to claim 14, further
comprising one or more cobalt-based hard phases having a
composition of less than 0.2 percent by weight of carbon, 18 to 25
percent by weight of molybdenum, 12 to 20 percent by weight of
chromium, 1.0 to 3 percent by weight of silicon.
16. A method for producing a tribological system, comprising:
providing a valve seat ring having a first contact surface;
providing a valve having a second contact surface arranged in a
seat area of the valve that can be placed on the first contact
surface for closing a valve opening; forming a seat base of the
valve with a high nickel content a nickel-based material in the
seat area to provide the second contact surface and coating the
seat base with a nickel-based plating.
17. An internal combustion engine, comprising: a tribological
system including: a valve seat ring having a first contact surface,
a valve having a second contact surface that can placed on the
first contact surface for closing a valve opening and is arranged
in a seat area of the valve, wherein the valve in the seat area has
a seat base composed of a high-nickel-content or a nickel-based
material, and is coated with a nickel-based plating that comprises
nickel as a main component, to form the second contact surface, and
a charge exchange channel that can be closed or released
fluidically via the tribological system so that the tribological
system together with the charge exchange channel forms a charge
exchange member.
18. The internal combustion engine according to claim 17, wherein
the nickel-based plating contains at least 50 percent by weight of
nickel.
19. The internal combustion engine according to claim 18, wherein
the nickel-based plating comprises up to 3 percent by weight of
carbon as an additional component.
20. The internal combustion engine according to claim 18, wherein
the nickel-based plating comprises up to 10 percent by weight of
iron as an additional component.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority to German Application No.
DE 10 2020 202 737.4 filed on Mar. 4, 2020, the contents of which
are hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The invention relates to a tribological system, a method for
producing such a tribological system and an internal combustion
engine with such a tribological system.
BACKGROUND
[0003] For some time now, internal combustion engines have been
designed with charge exchange members which comprise valves,
wherein such valves can be placed on a valve seat ring for closing
a charge exchange channel of a respective charge exchange member of
the internal combustion engine. In this case, such a valve and the
valve seat ring form a tribological system on which typically high
requirements are imposed with regard to a wear resistance of the
components of the tribological system which can be brought in
contact with one another--i.e. the valve and the valve seat
ring--as well as a temperature resistance and a chemical resistance
of said components. In order to better meet this high requirements,
for some time valves have been used which are plated or coated with
a plating in the area of a seat area of the respective valve.
Frequently high-nickel-content or nickel -based valve materials are
used. In these high-nickel-content or nickel-based valve materials,
this plating typically has a high cobalt content.
[0004] In this case, the high price for cobalt-containing plating
materials has a disadvantageous effect on the manufacturing costs
of a valve of a tribological system and therefore also on the
manufacturing costs of the tribological system per se. In addition,
such a usual high-nickel-content valve or valve manufactured from a
nickel-based material plated with a high-cobalt-content plating
material is difficult to rework mechanically so as to achieve high
production tolerances which makes it difficult to produce these
valves on a mass scale.
[0005] It is therefore an object of the present invention, in
particular to eliminate the aforesaid disadvantages, to indicate
new ways for a tribological system, for a method for producing such
a tribological system and for internal combustion engines with such
a tribological system.
SUMMARY
[0006] The basic idea of the invention is accordingly to use a
nickel-based plating material for plating a valve of a tribological
system. The main component of the plating material is therefore
nickel.
[0007] This advantageously has a cost-reducing effect on the
manufacturing costs of the valve and therefore also on the
tribological system with the valve overall. In addition, the
high-nickel-content valve or valve produced from a nickel-based
material plated using a nickel-based plating can advantageously be
reworked mechanically. Also, the wear behaviour of the tribological
system can thus be improved.
[0008] A tribological system according to the invention which can
preferably be used for a charge exchange member of an internal
combustion engine comprises a valve seat ring. The valve seat ring
has a first contact surface. In addition, the tribological system
comprises a valve which has a second contact surface. The second
contact surface of the valve can be placed on the first contact
surface of the valve seat ring for closing a valve opening. The
second contact surface of the valve is arranged in a seat area of
the valve. The valve in the seat area has a seat base having a high
nickel content or comprising a nickel-based material, which is
plated/coated with a nickel-based plating to form the second
contact surface. As already indicated hereinbefore, a cost
advantage can thus advantageously be achieved compared with
conventional tribological systems. In addition, the valve of the
tribological system plated with a nickel-based plating can
advantageously be reworked mechanically so that in particular high
manufacturing tolerances can be adhered to in an improved
manner.
[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the plating contains
more than 30 percent by weight, preferably at least 50 percent by
weight, most preferably at least 52 percent by weight of nickel.
With such a high nickel content, particularly high cost advantages
are associated with the manufacture of the plating.
[0010] Expediently the nickel-based plating of the valve as
additional component, i.e. in addition to the nickel fraction which
forms the main component of the plating, comprises up to 3 percent
by weight of carbon. Advantageously this improves the sliding
properties of the second contact surface present on the valve.
[0011] According to an advantageous further development of the
tribological system, the nickel-based plating comprises up to 10
percent by weight of iron as an additional component. Thus, a
particularly high strength of the plating can advantageously be
achieved.
[0012] According to a further advantageous further development of
the tribological system, the nickel-based plating comprises up to
30 percent by weight of chromium as an additional component. This
has an advantageous effect on a corrosion resistance of the
plating.
[0013] In a further preferred further development of the
tribological system, the nickel-based plating comprises up to 9
percent by weight of molybdenum as an additional component. The
wear resistance of the plating or the tribological system can thus
be advantageously improved.
[0014] Particularly preferably the plating consists of the main
component nickel and of at least one of the additional components
explained hereinbefore as preferred, i.e. carbon, iron, chromium
and molybdenum.
[0015] The tribological system according to the invention presented
here also expressly includes variants which have impurities due to
the manufacturing process having a weight fraction of up to 0.2
percent, wherein the impurities are formed by substances which
differ from the main component nickel and from the additional
components explained hereinbefore.
[0016] According to a further advantageous further development of
the tribological system, the seat base of the valve having a high
nickel content or comprising a nickel-based material comprises a
material having the material number 2.4952 or consists of such a
material. This enables a particularly heat-resistant configuration
of the valve of the tribological system.
[0017] According to a further preferred further development of the
tribological system, the valve is configured as a poppet valve
having a valve disk and a valve stem protruding perpendicularly
from the valve disk. In this case, the valve disk comprises the
seat base and the plating with the second contact surface. Such a
valve is particularly suitable for use of the tribological system
in an internal combustion engine.
[0018] In a further advantageous further development of the
tribological system, the valve seat ring is made of sintered
material. Such a valve seat ring is advantageously particularly
wear-resistant.
[0019] According to a further advantageous further development of
the tribological system, the sintered material of the valve seat
ring can be obtained by pressing and sintering a powder mixture
having a composition explained hereinafter. The powder mixture
comprises 5 to 45 percent by weight of one or more iron-based hard
phases. In addition, the power mixture comprises 0 to 2 percent by
weight of graphite particles, 0 to 2 percent by weight of manganese
sulphide, 0 to 2 percent by weight of molybdenum disulphide, 0 to 2
percent by weight of mono-iron phosphide powder. The powder mixture
furthermore comprises 0 to 7 percent by weight of copper powder and
0 to 4 percent by weight of cobalt powder. In addition, the powder
mixture comprises 0.1 to 1.0 percent by weight of a pressing
additive. Furthermore, the powder mixture comprises a high-speed
steel having a composition of 14 to 18 percent by weight of
chromium, 1.2 to 1.9 percent by weight of carbon, 0.1 to 0.9
percent by weight of silicon, 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of
vanadium, 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of tungsten as well as 0.5
to 2.5 percent by weight of molybdenum. Furthermore, the powder
mixture comprises an iron residue as well as impurities due to the
manufacturing. The impurities due to the manufacturing in
particular comprise nickel, copper, cobalt, calcium and/or
manganese with fractions of the residue of <1.5 percent by
weight. A valve seat ring comprising such a sintered material is
advantageously particularly heat-resistant.
[0020] In a further advantageous further development of the
tribological system, one or more iron-based hard phases have a
composition with less than 0.2 percent by weight of carbon, 26 to
32 percent by weight of molybdenum, 8 to 12 percent by weight of
chromium as well as 2.2 to 3 percent by weight of silicon.
Alternatively, one or more iron-based hard phases have a
composition of less than 0.3 percent by weight of carbon, 26 to 32
percent by weight of molybdenum, 14 to 20 percent by weight of
chromium, 2.9 to 4.2 percent by weight of silicon. A valve seat
ring comprising such a sintered material is advantageously
particularly wear-resistant.
[0021] According to a further advantageous further development of
the tribological system, the powder mixture comprises a
cobalt-based hard phase having a fraction of 0.5 to 9.9 percent by
weight. This advantageously has an effect on the heat resistance of
a valve seat ring comprising such a sintered material.
[0022] In a further advantageous further development of the
tribological system, the sintered material of the valve seat ring
can alternatively be obtained by pressing and sintering a powder
mixture having the composition indicated hereinafter. The powder
mixture comprises one or more cobalt-based hard phases having a
composition with less than 0.1 percent by weight of carbon, 26 to
32 percent by weight of molybdenum, 7 to 12 percent by weight of
chromium as well as 2.0 to 4 percent by weight of silicon. In
addition, the powder mixture comprises 0 to 2 percent by weight of
graphite particles, 0 to 2 percent by weight of manganese sulphide,
0 to 2 percent by weight of molybdenum sulphide, 0 to 2 percent by
weight of monoiron phosphide powder. Furthermore, the powder
mixture comprises 0 to 7 percent by weight of copper and 0 to 4
percent by weight of cobalt powder. In addition, the powder mixture
comprises 0.1 to 1.0 percent by weight of a pressing additive.
Furthermore, the powder mixture comprises high-speed steel having a
composition of 14 to 18 percent by weight of chromium, 1.2 to 1.9
percent by weight of carbon, 0.1 to 0.9 percent by weight of
silicon, 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of vanadium, 0.5 to 2.5
percent by weight of tungsten as well as 0.5 to 2.5 percent by
weight of molybdenum. In addition, the powder mixture comprises a
residue of cobalt as well as impurities due to the manufacturing.
The impurities comprise in particular nickel, copper, calcium
and/or manganese with fractions of less than 1.5 percent by weight
of the residue. Such a sintered material is in particular
characterized by its heat resistance.
[0023] Expediently one or more cobalt-based hard phases having a
composition of less than 0.2 percent by weight of carbon, 18 to 25
percent by weight of molybdenum, 12 to 20 percent by weight of
chromium, 1.0 to 3 percent by weight of silicon is or are present
in the powder mixture. A wear resistance of a valve seat ring with
such a sintered material can advantageously thus be improved.
[0024] Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing
a tribological system according to the preceding description. This
method provides that a seat base of a valve having a high nickel
content or comprising a nickel-based material in a seat area of the
valve forming a second contact surface of the valve (7), which can
be placed on a first contact surface of a valve seat ring of the
tribological system is plated/coated with a nickel-based plating.
The previously indicated advantages of the tribological system
according to the invention are also applied in a similar manner to
the method according to the invention for producing such a
tribological system.
[0025] Furthermore, the invention relates to an internal combustion
engine, in particular for a motor vehicle, which comprising a
tribological system according to the invention and also described
hereinbefore, preferably produced by means of a method according to
the invention according to the preceding description. In addition,
the internal combustion engine comprises a charge exchange channel
which can be closed or released fluidically by means of the
tribological system. The tribological system together with the
charge exchange channel thus forms a charge exchange member of the
internal combustion engine. The advantages of the tribological
system according to the invention and of the method for producing
such a tribological system according to the invention explained
above are also applied in similar manner to the internal combustion
engine according to the invention with such a tribological
system.
[0026] Further important features and advantages of the invention
are obtained from the dependent claims, from the drawing and from
the relevant description of the figures with reference to the
drawing.
[0027] It is understood that the features mentioned hereinbefore
and to be explained hereinafter can be used not only in the
respectively given combination but also in other combinations or
alone without departing from the scope of the present
invention.
[0028] Preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown
in the drawing and will be explained in further detail in the
following description.
BREIF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] The Figure illustrates in axial section a tribological
system according to an example.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The only Figure shows schematically in axial section an
example of a tribological system 1 according to the invention,
which can preferably be used for a charge exchange member 2 of an
internal combustion engine 3 according to the invention which is
also shown as an example. The tribological system 1 comprises a
valve seat ring 5 on which a first contact surface 4 is provided.
In addition, the tribological system 1 comprises a valve 7 on which
a second contact surface 6 is provided. The second contact surface
6 of the valve 7 can be placed on the first contact surface 4 of
the valve seat ring to close a valve opening 8. The second contact
surface 6 is arranged in a seat area 9 of the valve 7. In its seat
area 9 the valve 7 has a seat base 10 having a high nickel content
or comprising a nickel-based material. The seat base 10 of the
valve 7 is plated or coated with a nickel-based plating 11 so that
the plating 11 forms the second contact surface 6 of the valve
7.
[0031] The nickel-based plating 11 has nickel as the main component
with more than 30 percent by weight, preferably at least 50 percent
by weight, most preferably at least 52 percent by weight. The
nickel-based plating 11 has a fraction of carbon of up to 3 percent
by weight as additional component. In addition, the nickel-based
plating 11 comprises a fraction of iron of up to 10 percent by
weight as additional component. Furthermore, the nickel-based
plating 11 comprises a fraction of chromium of up to 30 percent by
weight. Furthermore, the nickel-based plating 11 has a fraction of
molybdenum of up to 9 percent by weight as additional component.
The seat base 10 of the valve 7 having a high nickel content or
comprising a nickel-based material comprises a material having the
material No. 2.4952 or consists of such a material.
[0032] Expediently the plating 11 can consist of the main component
nickel and of additional components, in the example, carbon, iron,
chromium, molybdenum. In all the variants described in it feasible
that the plating 11 has impurities due to the manufacturing process
having a weight fraction of up to 0.2 percent by weight. In this
case, the impurities are formed by substances which differ from the
main component nickel and from the previously explained additional
components.
[0033] The Figure furthermore reveals that the valve 7 is
configured as a poppet valve 12. The valve 7 configured as poppet
valve 12 comprises a valve disk 13 as well as a valve stem 14 which
protrudes substantially perpendicularly from the valve disk 13. In
this case, the valve disk 13 comprises the seat base 10 having a
high nickel content or comprising a nickel-based material and the
plating 11 with the second contact surface 6.
[0034] According to the Figure, the valve seat ring 5 is made of a
sintered material 15. The sintered material 15 of the valve seat
ring 5 can be obtained by pressing and sintering a powder mixture
having a composition explained hereinafter. The powder mixture
comprises 5 to 45 percent by weight of one or more iron-based hard
phases. In addition, the powder mixture comprises 0 to 2 percent by
weight of graphite particles, 0 to 2 percent by weight of manganese
sulphide, 0 to 2 percent by weight of molybdenum sulphide as well
as 0 to 2 percent by weight of mono-iron phosphide powder.
Furthermore, the powder mixture comprises 0 to 7 percent by weight
of copper powder and 0 to 3 percent by weight of cobalt powder. In
addition, the powder mixture comprises 0.1 to 1.0 percent by weight
of a pressing additive. The powder mixture additionally has a
fraction of high-speed steel having a composition of 14 to 18
percent by weight of chromium, 1.2 to 1.9 percent by weight of
carbon, 0.1 to 0.9 percent by weight of silicon, 0.5 to 2.5 percent
by weight of vanadium, 0.2 to 2.5 percent by weight of tungsten as
well as 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of molybdenum. In addition,
the powder mixture comprises a residue of iron as well as
impurities due to the manufacturing process. Such impurities due to
the manufacturing process can comprise copper, cobalt, calcium
and/or manganese, wherein the impurities each make up a fraction of
less than 1.5 percent by weight of the residue of the powder
mixture. One or more of the iron-based hard phases has or have a
composition with less than 0.2 percent by weight of carbon, 26 to
32 percent by weight of molybdenum, 8 to 12 percent by weight of
chromium as well as 2.2 to 3 percent by weight of silicon.
Alternatively to the previously explained composition, one or more
of the iron-based hard phases has or have a composition with less
than 0.3 percent by weight of carbon, 26 to 32 percent by weight of
molybdenum, 14 to 20 percent by weight of chromium as well as 2.9
to 4.2 percent by weight of silicon. In the example shown in the
Figure, a cobalt-based hard phase having a fraction of the powder
mixture of 0.5 to 9.9 percent by weight is additionally present in
the powder mixture.
[0035] The sintered material 15 of the valve seat ring 5 can
alternatively be obtained by pressing and sintering a powder
mixture having a composition indicated hereinafter. In this case,
the powder mixture comprises one or more cobalt-based hard phases
having a composition with less than 0.1 percent by weight of
carbon, 26 to 32 percent by weight of molybdenum, 7 to 12 percent
by weight of chromium as well as 2.0 to 4 percent by weight of
silicon. In addition, the powder mixture comprises 0 to 2 percent
by weight of graphite particles as well as 0 to 2 percent by weight
of manganese sulphide, 0 to 2 percent by weight of molybdenum
sulphide and 0 to 2 percent by weight of mono-iron phosphide
powder. Furthermore, the powder mixture comprises 0 to 7 percent by
weight of copper powder and 0 to 4 percent by weight of cobalt
powder. Furthermore, the powder mixture comprises 0.1 to 1.0
percent by weight of a pressing additive as well as high-speed
steel having a composition of 14 to 18 percent by weight of
chromium, 1.2 to 1.9 percent by weight of carbon, 0.1 to 0.9
percent by weight of silicon, 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of
vanadium, 0.5 to 2.5 of tungsten as well as 0.5 to 2.5 percent by
weight of molybdenum. The powder mixture additionally comprises a
residue which is formed by cobalt as well as impurities due to the
manufacturing process. Such impurities can be nickel, copper,
calcium and/or manganese with fractions in the residue of less than
1.5 percent by weight. In this case, the powder mixture comprises
one or more cobalt-based hard phases with a composition of less
than 0.2 percent by weight of carbon, 18 to 25 percent by weight of
molybdenum, 12 to 20 percent by weight of chromium as well as 1.0
to 3 percent by weight of silicon.
[0036] The tribological system 1 shown in the Figure is produced by
means of a method according to the invention. According to this
method, a seat base 10 of a valve 7 having a high nickel content or
comprising a nickel-based material in a seat area 9 of the valve 7
forming a second contact surface 6 of the valve 7, which can be
placed on a first contact surface 4 of a valve seat ring 5 of the
tribological system 1 is plated or coated with a nickel-based
plating 11.
[0037] Furthermore, the Figure also shows roughly schematically an
internal combustion engine 3, in particular for a motor vehicle.
The internal combustion engine 3 comprises a tribological system 1
which is produced in particular by means of the previously
explained method according to the invention. In addition, the
internal combustion engine 3 comprises a charge exchange channel
16. The charge exchange channel 16 of the internal combustion
engine 3 can be closed or released fluidically by means of the
tribological system 1 so that the tribological system 1 together
with the charge exchange channel 16 form a charge exchange member 2
of the internal combustion engine 3.
* * * * *