U.S. patent application number 17/242791 was filed with the patent office on 2021-08-12 for smoking substitute consumable.
The applicant listed for this patent is Nerudia Limited. Invention is credited to Nikhil AGGARWAL, Peter BESSON, Mido ELMY, Kate FERRIE, Kim Christian JEPSEN, Christopher LORD, Samantha MURRAY, Edward Ross SHENTON.
Application Number | 20210244083 17/242791 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000005607690 |
Filed Date | 2021-08-12 |
United States Patent
Application |
20210244083 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
LORD; Christopher ; et
al. |
August 12, 2021 |
SMOKING SUBSTITUTE CONSUMABLE
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to smoking substitute
consumables, including an aerosol-forming article comprising an
aerosol-forming substrate and a terminal filter element at a
downstream axial end of the article/consumable. The terminal filter
element may comprise a hollow bore extending from an upstream axial
end of the terminal filter element to a downstream axial end of the
terminal filter element. The hollow bore may be off-set from the
axial centre of the terminal filter element.
Inventors: |
LORD; Christopher;
(Liverpool, GB) ; FERRIE; Kate; (Liverpool,
GB) ; SHENTON; Edward Ross; (Liverpool, GB) ;
AGGARWAL; Nikhil; (Liverpool, GB) ; ELMY; Mido;
(Hamburg, DE) ; BESSON; Peter; (Bristol, GB)
; JEPSEN; Kim Christian; (Hamburg, DE) ; MURRAY;
Samantha; (Liverpool, GB) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Nerudia Limited |
Liverpool |
|
GB |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000005607690 |
Appl. No.: |
17/242791 |
Filed: |
April 28, 2021 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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PCT/EP19/79269 |
Oct 25, 2019 |
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17242791 |
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PCT/EP19/79134 |
Oct 25, 2019 |
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PCT/EP19/79269 |
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PCT/EP19/79280 |
Oct 25, 2019 |
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PCT/EP19/79134 |
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PCT/EP19/79168 |
Oct 25, 2019 |
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PCT/EP19/79280 |
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PCT/EP19/79173 |
Oct 25, 2019 |
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PCT/EP19/79168 |
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PCT/EP19/79151 |
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PCT/EP19/79173 |
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PCT/EP19/79190 |
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PCT/EP19/79151 |
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PCT/EP19/79198 |
Oct 25, 2019 |
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PCT/EP19/79190 |
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PCT/EP19/79284 |
Oct 25, 2019 |
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PCT/EP19/79198 |
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PCT/EP19/79144 |
Oct 25, 2019 |
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PCT/EP19/79284 |
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PCT/EP19/79153 |
Oct 25, 2019 |
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PCT/EP19/79144 |
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PCT/EP19/79172 |
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PCT/EP19/79153 |
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PCT/EP19/79178 |
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PCT/EP19/79172 |
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PCT/EP19/79241 |
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PCT/EP19/79178 |
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PCT/EP19/79248 |
Oct 25, 2019 |
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PCT/EP19/79241 |
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PCT/EP19/79254 |
Oct 25, 2019 |
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PCT/EP19/79248 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A24D 3/163 20130101;
A24D 3/067 20130101; A24D 3/043 20130101; A24D 1/20 20200101; A24F
40/20 20200101; A24D 3/17 20200101; A24F 40/46 20200101; A24F 40/57
20200101; A24D 1/002 20130101; A24D 1/045 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A24D 1/20 20060101
A24D001/20; A24D 3/17 20060101 A24D003/17; A24D 3/04 20060101
A24D003/04; A24D 1/04 20060101 A24D001/04; A24F 40/20 20060101
A24F040/20; A24F 40/46 20060101 A24F040/46; A24D 3/06 20060101
A24D003/06; A24F 40/57 20060101 A24F040/57; A24D 1/00 20060101
A24D001/00; A24D 3/16 20060101 A24D003/16 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817536.4 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817537.2 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817541.4 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817542.2 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817544.8 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817549.7 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817555.4 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817558.8 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817564.6 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817566.1 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817568.7 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817569.5 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817573.7 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817582.8 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817583.6 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817584.4 |
Oct 29, 2018 |
GB |
1817585.1 |
Claims
1. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a terminal filter element at a downstream axial end
of the article/consumable wherein the terminal filter element
comprises a hollow bore extending from an upstream axial end of the
terminal filter element to a downstream axial end of the terminal
filter element wherein the hollow bore is off-set from the axial
centre of the terminal filter element.
2. An article according to claim 1, wherein the aerosol-forming
article is a heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable.
3. An article according to claim 1, further comprising an upstream
filter element provided upstream of the terminal filter
element.
4. An article according to claim 3 wherein the upstream filter
element is a hollow bore filter element comprising an axial
bore.
5. An article according to claim 3, wherein the diameter of the
axial bore in the upstream filter element is greater than the
diameter of the offset bore in the terminal filter element.
6. An article according to claim 3, wherein the porosity of the
upstream filter element is less than the porosity of the terminal
filter element.
7. An article according to claim 3, wherein the upstream and
terminal filter elements are spaced apart by a cooing element
and/or a spacer element.
8. A system comprising: a smoking substitute article having a
downstream axial end, the smoking substitute article comprising: an
aerosol-forming substrate; and a terminal filter element having an
upstream axial end and a downstream axial end, and a hollow bore
extending from the upstream axial end of the terminal filter
element to the downstream axial end of the terminal filter element,
wherein the hollow bore is off-set from an axial centre of the
terminal filter element; and a device comprising a heating
element.
9. A system according to claim 8, wherein the device comprises a
main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
10. A method of using the system according to claim 8, the method
comprising: inserting the article into the device; and heating the
article using the heating element.
11. A method according to claim 10, comprising inserting the
article into a cavity within a main body of the device and
penetrating the article with the heating element upon insertion of
the article.
12. A Heat-Not-Burn (HNB) consumable comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a flow restrictor element downstream of the
aerosol-forming substrate.
13. A HNB consumable according to claim 12, further comprising in
axial flow arrangement, an upstream filter element, a spacer
element, and a terminal filter element, wherein at least one of the
filter elements is a hollow bore filter element and wherein the
flow restrictor element is provided upstream of the terminal filter
element and downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate.
14. An aerosol-forming article comprising, in axial flow
arrangement, an aerosol-forming substrate, an upstream filter
element, a spacer element and a terminal filter element, wherein at
least one of the filter elements is a hollow bore filter element
and wherein the article further comprises a flow restrictor element
upstream of the terminal filter element and downstream of the
aerosol-forming substrate.
15. A consumable/article according to claim 14 wherein the flow
restrictor element comprises a disc or rod having at least one
axial perforation or channel.
16. A consumable/article according to claim 15 wherein the flow
restrictor element has a single perforation or channel at its axial
centre having a diameter of between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
17. A consumable/article according to claim 14 wherein the flow
restrictor element is formed of a vapour-impermeable material.
18. A consumable/article according to claim 14 wherein the flow
restrictor element is formed of extruded tobacco.
19. A consumable/article according to claim 14 wherein the flow
restrictor element is provided upstream of the spacer element.
20. A consumable/article according to claim 19 wherein the
restrictor element is interposed between the upstream filter
element and the spacer element.
21. A consumable/article according to claim 14 wherein the upstream
filter element is a hollow bore filter having a bore diameter
greater than 1.5 mm.
22. A consumable/article according to claim 14 wherein both the
upstream and terminal filter element are hollow bore filter
elements.
23. A system comprising: a HNB consumable or smoking substitute
article comprising, in axial flow arrangement: an aerosol-forming
substrate, a flow restrictor element downstream of the
aerosol-forming substrate; an upstream filter element, a spacer
element; and a terminal filter element downstream of the flow
restrictor element and downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate,
wherein at least one of the upstream filter element and the
terminal filter element is a hollow bore filter element; and a
device comprising a heating element.
24. A system according to claim 23 wherein the device comprises a
main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
25. A method of using the system according to claim 23, the method
comprising: inserting the consumable/article into the device; and
heating the consumable/article using the heating element.
26. A method according to claim 25, further comprising inserting
the consumable/article into a cavity within a main body of the
device and penetrating the consumable/article with the heating
element upon insertion of the consumable/article.
27. An aerosol-forming article comprising a cooling element
comprising a phase change material.
28. An article according to claim 27, wherein the article is a heat
not burn (HNB) consumable.
29. An article according to claim 27, wherein the phase change
material is an organic phase change material.
30. An article according to claim 29, wherein the phase change
material is eicosane.
31. An article according to claim 27, wherein the cooling element
comprises a plurality of phase change beads each comprising a shell
enclosing a core formed of the phase change material.
32. An article according to claim 27, wherein the cooling element
comprises a cylindrical body and the phase change material/beads
are dispersed within the body.
33. An article according to claim 32, wherein the cylindrical body
comprises an axial bore extending therethrough.
34. An article according to claim 32, wherein the cylindrical body
comprises a matrix of fibrous, granular, sheet or solid plastics
material.
35. An article according to claim 34, wherein the plastics material
comprises one or more of viscose, cellulose, polyester,
polyacrylonitrile, polylactic acid, polyvinyl chloride (PVC),
polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET).
36. An article according to claim 35, wherein the fibrous plastics
material is selected from viscose, cellulose, polyester, acrylic or
polylactic acid fibres.
37. An article according to claim 27, wherein the cooling element
is formed of Outlast.RTM. viscose fibres.
38. An article according to claim 27, wherein the cooling element
is sandwiched between a terminal filter element and an upstream
filter element downstream of an aerosol-forming substrate.
39. A system comprising a smoking substitute article according to
claim 27 and a device comprising a heating element.
40. A system according to claim 39, wherein the device comprises a
main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
41. A method of using the system according to claim 39, the method
comprising: inserting the article into the device; and heating the
article using the heating element.
42. A method according to claim 41, comprising inserting the
article into a cavity within a main body of the device and
penetrating the article with the heating element upon insertion of
the article.
43. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate wherein the article further comprises: a terminal filter
element at the axial downstream of end of the article, the terminal
filter element being a hollow bore filter element; and one or more
of an upstream filter element, an upstream aerosol-cooling element
and an upstream spacer element.
44. An article according to claim 43, wherein the internal diameter
of the bore in the terminal filter element is between 1 and 3
mm.
45. An article according to claim 43, comprising the upstream
filter element wherein the upstream filter element is a hollow bore
filter element.
46. An article according to claim 45, wherein the internal diameter
of the bore in the upstream filter element is greater than the
internal diameter of the bore in the terminal filter element.
47. An article according to claim 45, wherein the density of the
filter material forming the terminal filter element is greater than
the density of the filter material forming the upstream filter
element.
48. An article according to claim 45, wherein the upstream filter
element and terminal filter element are axially spaced.
49. An article according to claim 48, further comprising the
aerosol-cooling element wherein the upstream filter element and
terminal filter element are spaced by the aerosol-cooling
element.
50. An article according to claim 48, further comprising the spacer
element wherein the upstream filter element and terminal filter
element are spaced by the spacer element.
51. An article according to claim 45, wherein the spacer element is
a cardboard tube.
52. An article according to claim 45, wherein the aerosol-cooling
element comprises a crimped/gathered sheet of plastics
material.
53. A system comprising a smoking substitute article according to
claim 45, and a device comprising a heating element.
54. A system according to claim 53, wherein the device comprises a
main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
55. A method of using the system according to claim 53, the method
comprising: inserting the article into the device; and heating the
article using the heating element.
56. A method according to claim 55, comprising inserting the
article into a cavity within a main body of the device and
penetrating the article with the heating element upon insertion of
the article.
57. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate wherein the aerosol-forming substrate comprises a first,
upstream portion of aerosol-forming material and a second,
downstream portion of aerosol-forming material wherein the first
and second portions of aerosol-forming material are axially spaced
by a cavity housing a vapour modifier.
58. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 57 wherein the
first portion of aerosol-forming material and the second portion of
aerosol-forming material are both formed of a first aerosol-forming
material.
59. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 58 wherein the
vapour modifier comprises a second aerosol-forming material.
60. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 059 wherein the
second aerosol-forming material is extruded tobacco.
61. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 60 wherein the
second aerosol-forming material is extruded tobacco
chips/pellets/granules.
62. An aerosol-forming article according to any one of claims 58 to
61 wherein the first aerosol-forming material comprises one or more
of tobacco, tobacco derivatives, expanded tobacco, shredded tobacco
and/or reconstituted tobacco.
63. An aerosol-forming article according to any one of the
preceding claims wherein the vapour modifier is an additive
carrier.
64. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 063 wherein the
additive carrier is a crushable or meltable capsule.
65. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 063 or 64 wherein
the additive carrier contains a humectant or a flavourant.
66. A smoking substitute system comprising an article according to
any one of the preceding claims and a device comprising a heating
element.
67. A system according to claim 066 wherein the device comprises a
main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
68. A method of using the system according to claim 066 or 67, the
method comprising: inserting the article into the device; and
heating the article using the heating element.
69. A method according to claim 068 comprising inserting the
article into a cavity within a main body of the device and
penetrating the article with the heating element upon insertion of
the article.
70. A filter element for an aerosol-forming article, the filter
element comprising a bundle of filter tows with a bore extending
longitudinally therethrough, at least a portion of the bore having
a non-circular transverse cross-section.
71. A filter element according to claim 70, wherein the transverse
cross-section of the at least a portion of the bore comprises a
central portion and a plurality of lobes projecting outwardly from
the central portion.
72. A filter element according to claim 70, wherein the transverse
cross-section of at least a portion of the bore is any one of a
square, triangle, heart shape, star shape or asterisk shape.
73. A filter element according to claim 70, wherein the transverse
cross-sectional area of the bore is substantially uniform for the
entire axial length of the bore.
74. A filter element according to claim 70, wherein the shape of
the transverse cross-section of the bore is substantially uniform
for the entire length of the bore.
75. A filter element according to claim 70, comprising a plurality
of bores, at least a portion of each of the plurality of bores
having a non-circular transverse cross-section.
76. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a filter element according to claim 70, downstream of
the aerosol-forming substrate.
77. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 76, wherein the
filter element is a terminal filter element located at a downstream
axial end of the aerosol-forming article.
78. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 76, that is a
heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable.
79. A system comprising an aerosol-forming article according to
claim 70, and a device comprising a heating element.
80. A system according to claim 79, wherein the device comprises a
main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
81. A method of using the system according to claim 79, the method
comprising: inserting the article into the device; and heating the
article using the heating element.
82. A method according to claim 81, comprising inserting the
article into a cavity within a main body of the device and
penetrating the article with the heating element upon insertion of
the article.
83. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate wherein the aerosol-forming substrate comprises at least
a first aerosol-forming material and a second aerosol forming
material wherein the first and second aerosol-forming materials are
axially and/or radially segregated within the aerosol-forming
substrate.
84. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 83, wherein the
aerosol-forming materials are axially segregated and the
aerosol-forming substrate comprises at least a first rod- or
tube-shaped portion and a second rod- or tube-shaped portion.
85. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 84, wherein the
first and second rod/tube portions are axially adjacent one another
within the substrate.
86. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 83, wherein the
aerosol-forming materials are radially segregated and the
aerosol-forming substrate comprises at least a first, radially
outer rod- or tube-shaped portion (formed of the first
aerosol-forming material) and a second, radially inner tube-shaped
portion (formed of the second aerosol-forming material).
87. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 86, wherein the
first and second rod/tube portions are radially adjacent one
another.
88. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 83, wherein one
of the first and second aerosol-forming materials comprises
extruded tobacco.
89. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 88, wherein the
extruded tobacco is in the form of a rod- or tube-shaped extrudate
or chips/granules/pellets.
90. A smoking substitute article according to claim 83, wherein one
of the first and second aerosol-forming materials comprises
reconstituted tobacco and the other comprises extruded tobacco.
91. A smoking substitute system comprising an article according to
claim 83, and a device comprising at least one heating element.
92. A system according to claim 91, wherein the device comprises a
first heating element for heating the first aerosol-forming
material within the substrate and a second heating element for
heating the second aerosol forming material.
93. A system according to claim 92, wherein the first and second
heating elements are separately controllable.
94. A method of using the system according to claim 91, the method
comprising: inserting the article into the device; and heating the
article using the heating element(s).
95. A method according to claim 94, comprising heating the first
aerosol-forming material in the aerosol-forming substrate using a
the first heating element and heating the second aerosol-forming
material in the aerosol-forming substrate using the second heating
element.
96. A method according to claim 95, comprising heating the first
aerosol-forming material at a different rate and/or temperature
than the second aerosol-forming material.
97. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a terminal filter element, wherein the terminal
filter element comprises an upstream filter portion and an axially
adjacent downstream filter portion, and wherein one of the upstream
and downstream filter portions is a hollow bore filter element and
the other is a solid filter element.
98. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 97, wherein the
upstream filter portion is the solid filter element, and the
downstream filter portion is the hollow bore filter element.
99. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 97, wherein the
terminal filter element has an axial length of between 11 mm and 13
mm.
100. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 97, wherein the
upstream filter portion and the downstream filter portion have
substantially the same axial length.
101. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 100, wherein the
axial length of each of the upstream and downstream filter portions
is around 6 mm.
102. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 97, wherein the
upstream and downstream filter portions are joined by way of a plug
wrap at least partly circumscribing the upstream and downstream
filter portions.
103. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 97, wherein the
filter portion that is the solid filter element comprises a
flavourant.
104. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 97, further
comprising a hollow bore upstream filter element located between
the aerosol-forming substrate and the terminal filter element.
105. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 97, wherein the
article is a heat not burn (HNB) consumable.
106. A method of forming an aerosol-forming article, the method
comprising: joining a first filter portion to a second filter
portion to form a terminal filter element; and combining the
terminal filter element with an aerosol-forming substrate to form
the aerosol-forming article.
107. A method according to claim 106, wherein the first filter
portion is a hollow bore filter element and the second filter
portion is a solid filter element.
108. A method according to claim 106, wherein the first and second
filter portions are joined by a plug wrap.
109. A method according to claim 106, wherein the combined axial
length of the first and second filter portions is around 12 mm and
the step of combining the terminal filter element with the
substrate is performed using a combining machine configured for
combining terminal filter elements having an axial length of 12
mm.
110. A system comprising a smoking substitute article according to
claim 97, and a device comprising a heating element.
111. A system according to claim 110, wherein the device comprises
a main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
112. A method of using the system according to claim 110, the
method comprising: inserting the article into the device; and
heating the article using the heating element.
113. A method according to claim 112 comprising inserting the
article into a cavity within a main body of the device and
penetrating the article with the heating element upon insertion of
the article.
114. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate at least partly comprising a rod of extruded plant
material wherein the article further comprises a terminal filter
element at the downstream axial end and an upstream filter element
upstream and axially spaced from the terminal filter element.
115. An article according to claim 114, wherein the article is a
heat not burn (HNB) consumable.
116. An article according to claim 114, wherein the rod of extruded
plant material has an axial bore adapted to receive an external
heating element.
117. An article according to claim 114, wherein the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises a rod of extruded tobacco.
118. An article according to claim 114, wherein the aerosol-forming
substrate further comprises one or more additives selected from
humectants, fillers, solvents, flavourants, and binders.
119. An article according to claim 114, wherein the upstream filter
element and terminal filter element are axially spaced by a cooling
element or a spacer.
120. An article according to claim 114, wherein the upstream filter
element is axially adjacent the aerosol-forming substrate.
121. An article according to claim 114, wherein the filter element
and/or the terminal filter element is/are a hollow bore
element.
122. An article according to claim 121, wherein both the upstream
and terminal filer elements are hollow bore filter elements.
123. A smoking substitute system comprising an article according to
an claim 114, and a device comprising a heating element.
124. A system according to claim 123, wherein the device comprises
a main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
125. A method of using the system according to claim 123, the
method comprising: inserting the article into the device; and
heating the article using the heating element.
126. A heat not burn consumable comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a terminal filter element, wherein the axial length
of the terminal filter element is adjustable.
127. A consumable according to claim 126, wherein the terminal
filter element comprises a plurality of filter portions in axial
abutment with one another and wherein one or more of the filter
portions is/are removable from the consumable to adjust the axial
length of the terminal filter element.
128. A consumable according to claim 126, wherein the terminal
filter element comprises a hollow bore filter portion.
129. A consumable according to claim 128, wherein the hollow bore
filter portion is upstream from the downstream axial end of the
consumable.
130. A consumable according to claim 129, further comprising a
solid filter portion at the axial downstream end of the
consumable.
131. A consumable according to claim 127, wherein the terminal
filter element is circumscribed by a tipping paper and wherein the
tipping paper comprises a region of weakness aligned with a join
between two filter portions.
132. A consumable according to claim 131, wherein the region of
weakness comprises an array of perforations in the tipping
paper.
133. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a terminal filter element wherein the axial length of
the terminal filter element is adjustable and wherein the terminal
filter element comprises a hollow bore filter portion and a solid
filter portion.
134. An article according to claim 133, wherein the terminal filter
element is circumscribed by a tipping paper and wherein the tipping
paper comprises a region of weakness aligned with a join between
the two filter portions.
135. An article according to claim 134, wherein the region of
weakness comprises an array of perforations in the tipping
paper.
136. A system comprising a consumable or an article according to
claim 126, and a device comprising a heating element.
137. A system according to claim 136, wherein the device comprises
a main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
138. A method of using the system according to claim 136, the
method comprising: inserting the consumable/article into the
device; and heating the consumable/article using the heating
element.
139. A method according to claim 135, comprising inserting the
consumable/article into a cavity within a main body of the device
and penetrating the consumable/article with the heating element
upon insertion of the consumable.
140. A method according to claim 135, comprising reducing the axial
length of the terminal filter element.
141. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a plurality of filter elements having different axial
lengths.
142. An article according to claim 141, wherein the article is a
heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable.
143. An article according to claim 141, comprising a terminal
filter element at the downstream/mouth end of the article and an
upstream filter element upstream of the terminal filter
element.
144. An article according to claim 143, wherein the axial length of
the terminal filter element is greater than the axial length of the
upstream filter element.
145. An article according to claim 143, wherein the axial length of
the terminal filter element is 2 mm or more greater than the axial
length of the upstream filter element.
146. An article according to claim 143, wherein the terminal filter
element is a hollow bore filter element.
147. An article according to claim 146, wherein the upstream filter
element is a hollow bore filter element.
148. An article according to claim 147, wherein the terminal filter
element has an axial bore having a smaller diameter than an axial
bore in the upstream filter element.
149. An article according to claim 143, wherein the upstream filter
element has a greater porosity than the terminal filter
element.
150. An article according to claim 143, wherein the upstream filter
element and terminal filter element are spaced by an
aerosol-cooling element and/or a spacer element.
151. A system comprising a smoking substitute article according to
claim 143, and a device comprising a heating element.
152. A system according to claim 151, wherein the device comprises
a main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
153. A method of using the system according to claim 151, the
method comprising: inserting the article into the device; and
heating the article using the heating element.
154. A method according to claim 153, comprising inserting the
article into a cavity within a main body of the device and
penetrating the article with the heating element upon insertion of
the article.
155. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a plurality of hollow bore filter elements having
different internal bore diameters.
156. An article according to claim 155, wherein the article is a
heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable.
157. An article according to claim 155, comprising a terminal
hollow bore filter element at the downstream/mouth end of the
article and an upstream hollow bore filter element upstream of the
terminal filter element.
158. An article according to claim 157, wherein the terminal hollow
bore filter element has an axial bore having a smaller diameter
than an axial bore in the upstream hollow bore filter element.
159. An article according to claim 158, wherein the diameter of the
axial bore in the upstream hollow bore filter element is at least 1
mm greater than the diameter of the axial bore in the terminal
filter element.
160. An article according to claim 157, wherein the axial length of
the terminal hollow bore filter element is greater than the axial
length of the upstream hollow bore filter element.
161. An article according to claim 160, wherein the axial length of
the terminal hollow bore filter element is 2 mm or more greater
than the axial length of the upstream hollow bore filter
element.
162. An article according to claim 157, wherein the upstream hollow
bore filter element has a greater porosity than the terminal hollow
bore filter element.
163. An article according to claim 157, wherein the upstream hollow
bore filter element and terminal hollow bore filter element are
spaced by an aerosol-cooling element and/or a spacer element.
164. A system comprising a smoking substitute article according to
claim 157, and a device comprising a heating element.
165. A system according to claim 164, wherein the device comprises
a main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
166. A system according to claim 164, comprising a rod-shaped
heater having an external diameter wherein the internal diameter of
the bore of the upstream hollow bore filter element is greater than
the external diameter of the rod-shaped heater.
167. A method of using the system according to claim 164, the
method comprising: inserting the article into the device; and
heating the article using the heating element.
168. A method according to claim 167, comprising inserting the
article into a cavity within a main body of the device and
penetrating the article with the heating element upon insertion of
the article.
169. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a plurality of filter elements wherein at least two
of the filter elements have different hardness from one
another.
170. An article according to claim 169, wherein the article is a
heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable.
171. An article according to claim 169, comprising a terminal
filter element at the downstream/mouth end of the article and an
upstream filter element upstream of the terminal filter
element.
172. An article according to claim 171, wherein the hardness of the
terminal filter element is greater than the hardness of the
upstream filter element.
173. An article according to claim 172, wherein the hardness of the
terminal filter element is at least 3% greater than the hardness of
the upstream filter element.
174. An article according to claim 171, wherein the axial length of
the terminal filter element is greater than the axial length of the
upstream filter element.
175. An article according to claim 174, wherein the axial length of
the terminal filter element is 2 mm or more greater than the axial
length of the upstream filter element.
176. An article according to claim 171, wherein the terminal filter
element is a hollow bore filter element.
177. An article according to claim 176, wherein the upstream filter
element is a hollow bore filter element.
178. An article according to claim 177, wherein the terminal filter
element has an axial bore having a smaller diameter than an axial
bore in the upstream filter element.
179. An article according to claim 171, wherein the upstream filter
element and terminal filter element are spaced by an
aerosol-cooling element and/or a spacer element.
180. A system comprising a smoking substitute article according to
claim 171, and a device comprising a heating element.
181. A system according to claim 180, wherein the device comprises
a main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
182. A method of using the system according to claim 180, the
method comprising: inserting the article into the device; and
heating the article using the heating element.
183. A method according to claim 181, comprising inserting the
article into a cavity within a main body of the device and
penetrating the article with the heating element upon insertion of
the article.
184. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a hollow bore terminal filter element at a downstream
axial end of the article/consumable wherein the article comprises
at least one radial air flow path into the aerosol-forming
substrate.
185. An article according to claim 184, wherein the article is a
heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable.
186. An article according to claim 184, comprising a plurality of
radial air flow paths which may be circumferentially-arranged
around the aerosol-forming article.
187. An article according to claim 184, wherein the aerosol-forming
substrate is circumscribed by a wrapping layer and the radial air
flow path(s) may be provided by one or more ventilation holes
provided in the wrapping layer.
188. An article according to claim 184, further comprising a spacer
element or an aerosol-cooling element upstream and axially adjacent
the terminal filter element.
189. An article according to claim 184, further comprising an
upstream filter element provided upstream of terminal filter
element and downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate.
190. An article according to claim 189 wherein the upstream filter
element is a hollow bore filter element.
191. An article according to claim 184, wherein the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises a gathered sheet of homogenised tobacco or
gathered shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
192. An article according to claim 184, wherein the aerosol-forming
substrate further comprises one or more additives selected from
humectants, flavourants, fillers, aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and
binders.
193. A system comprising a smoking substitute article according to
claim 184, and a device comprising a heating element.
194. A system according to claim 193, wherein the device comprises
a main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
195. A method of using the system according to claim 193, the
method comprising: inserting the article into the device; and
heating the article using the heating element.
196. A method according to claim 195, comprising inserting the
article into a cavity within a main body of the device and
penetrating the article with the heating element upon insertion of
the article.
197. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a terminal filter element at the downstream axial end
of the article wherein the terminal filter element comprises an
adsorbent additive.
198. An article according to claim 197, wherein the adsorbent
additive is selected from one or more of a zeolite, an activated
carbon, a silica gel, a clay, a porous polymer and activated
alumina.
199. An article according to claim 198, wherein the adsorbent is
activated carbon.
200. An article according to claim 197, wherein the terminal filter
element comprises a terminal filter portion and an upstream filter
portion and wherein at least a portion of adsorbent additive is
sandwiched between the upstream filter portion and the terminal
filter portion.
201. An article according to claim 197, wherein the adsorbent
additive is evenly distributed throughout the terminal filter
portion.
202. An article according to claim 197, further comprising an
upstream filter element.
203. An article according to claim 202, wherein the terminal filter
element and the upstream filter element are axially spaced by an
aerosol-cooling element and/or a spacer element.
204. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and at least one filter element wherein the at least one
filter element comprises at least one polar solvent.
205. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 204, wherein the
at least one polar solvent is one or more polar solvents selected
from water and polar organic solvents.
206. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 205, wherein the
polar organic solvent(s) is/are selected from ethanol, isopropyl
alcohol and dimethylsulfoxide.
207. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 204, wherein the
at least one polar solvent is evenly distributed throughout the
filter element.
208. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 204, wherein the
at least one polar solvent is concentrated in discrete regions
within the filter element.
209. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 208, wherein the
polar solvent is contained in one or more frangible capsules.
210. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 209, wherein the
or each capsule is a crushable capsule configured to break and
release the polar solvent when crushed.
211. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 209, wherein the
or each capsule is a thermally labile capsule configured to
melt/deform and release the polar solvent when heated.
212. An aerosol-forming article according to claim 204, wherein the
filter element is a terminal filter element.
213. A method comprising: using a polar solvent in a filter element
of an aerosol-forming article to filter hazardous substances from
an aerosol that is drawn through the filter element.
214. The method according to claim 213, wherein the aerosol forming
article comprises an aerosol-forming substrate and at least one
filter element wherein the at least one filter element comprises at
least one polar solvent.
215. An article according to claim 197, wherein the article is a
heat not burn (HNB) consumable.
216. A system comprising an article according to claim 197 a device
comprising a heating element.
217. A system according to claim 216 wherein the device comprises a
main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
218. A method of using the system according to claim 216, the
method comprising: inserting the article into the device; and
heating the article using the heating element.
219. A method according to claim 218, comprising inserting the
article into a cavity within a main body of the device main body
and penetrating the article with the heating element upon insertion
of the article.
220. An aerosol-forming article comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and at least one filter element downstream of the
substrate wherein the at least one filter element is a hollow bore
filter element and wherein the article has at least one unimpeded
flow path along the outer surface of the filter element.
221. An article according to claim 220 wherein the article is a
heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable.
222. A heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and at least one filter element downstream of the
substrate wherein the consumable has at least one unimpeded flow
path along the outer surface of the filter element.
223. The consumable of claim 222 wherein the filter element is a
solid filter element.
224. The consumable of claim 222, wherein the filter element has an
outer surface comprising a plurality of longitudinally-extending
channels.
225. The consumable of claim 222, further comprising a sleeve
circumscribing the filter element.
226. The consumable of claim 222, wherein the filter element
comprises a flavourant.
227. The consumable according to claim 226, wherein the filter
element comprises a longitudinally-extending thread carrying the
flavourant.
228. The consumable of claim 222, wherein the filter element is a
terminal filter element provided at the downstream axial end of the
article/consumable.
229. The consumable according to claim 228, further comprising an
upstream filter element upstream from the terminal filter
element.
230. The consumable according to claim 229, wherein the terminal
filter element and the upstream filter element are axially spaced
by an aerosol-cooling element and/or a spacer element.
231. A system comprising the consumable according to claim 222, and
a device comprising a heating element.
232. A system according to claim 231, wherein the device comprises
a main body for housing the heating element and the heating element
comprises an elongated heating element.
233. A method of using the system according to claim 231, the
method comprising: inserting the consumable into the device; and
heating the consumable using the heating element.
234. A method according to claim 233, comprising inserting the
consumable into a cavity within a main body of the device and
penetrating the consumable with the heating element upon insertion
of the consumable.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application claims priority to, and is a
continuation application of, Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent
Application Number PCT/EP2019/079134, titled "Smoking Substitute
Consumable", filed on Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB
1817537.2, filed on Oct. 29, 2018; Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent
Application Number PCT/EP2019/079144, titled "Smoking Substitute
Consumable", filed on Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB
1817558.8, filed on Oct. 29, 2018; Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent
Application Number PCT/EP2019/079151, titled "Smoking Substitute
Consumable", filed on Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB
1817585.1, filed on Oct. 29, 2018; Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent
Application Number PCT/EP2019/079153, titled "Smoking Substitute
Consumable", filed on Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB
1817549.7, filed on Oct. 29, 2018; Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent
Application Number PCT/EP2019/079168, titled "Smoking Substitute
Consumable", filed on Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB
1817542.2, filed on Oct. 29, 2018; Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent
Application Number PCT/EP2019/079172, titled "Smoking Substitute
Consumable", filed on Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB
1817564.6, filed on Oct. 29, 2018; Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent
Application Number PCT/EP2019/079173, titled "Smoking Substitute
Consumable", filed on Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB
1817541.4, filed on Oct. 29, 2018; Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent
Application Number PCT/EP2019/079178, titled "Smoking Substitute
Consumable", filed on Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB
1817582.8, filed on Oct. 29, 2018; Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent
Application Number PCT/EP2019/079190, titled "Smoking Substitute
Consumable", filed on Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB
1817583.6, filed on Oct. 29, 2018; Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent
Application Number PCT/EP2019/079198, filed on Oct. 25, 2019, which
claims priority to GB 1817536.4, filed on Oct. 29, 2018; Patent
Cooperation Treaty Patent Application Number PCT/EP2019/079241,
titled "Smoking Substitute Consumable", filed on Oct. 25, 2019,
which claims priority to GB 1817568.7, filed on Oct. 29, 2018;
Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent Application Number
PCT/EP2019/079248, titled "Smoking Substitute Consumable", filed on
Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB 1817569.5, filed on Oct.
29, 2018; Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent Application Number
PCT/EP2019/079254, titled "Smoking Substitute Consumable", filed on
Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB 1817584.4, filed on Oct.
29, 2018; Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent Application Number
PCT/EP2019/079269, titled "Smoking Substitute Consumable", filed on
Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB 1817566.1, filed on Oct.
29, 2018; Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent Application Number
PCT/EP2019/079280, titled "Smoking Substitute Consumable", filed on
Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB 1817544.8, filed on Oct.
29, 2018; and Patent Cooperation Treaty Patent Application Number
PCT/EP2019/079284, titled "Smoking Substitute Consumable", filed on
Oct. 25, 2019, which claims priority to GB 1817573.7, filed on Oct.
29, 2018; the entire contents of each of which are hereby
incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] The present disclosure relates to a consumable for use in a
smoking substitute system and particularly, although not
exclusively, to a heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable.
BACKGROUND
[0003] The smoking of tobacco is generally considered to expose a
smoker to potentially harmful substances. It is generally thought
that a significant amount of the potentially harmful substances are
generated through the heat caused by the burning and/or combustion
of the tobacco and the constituents of the burnt tobacco in the
tobacco smoke itself.
[0004] Conventional combustible smoking articles, such as
cigarettes, typically comprise a cylindrical rod of tobacco
comprising shreds of tobacco which is surrounded by a wrapper, and
usually also a cylindrical filter axially aligned in an abutting
relationship with the wrapped tobacco rod. The filter typically
comprises a filtration material which is circumscribed by a plug
wrap. The wrapped tobacco rod and the filter are joined together by
a wrapped band of tipping paper that circumscribes the entire
length of the filter and an adjacent portion of the wrapped tobacco
rod. A conventional cigarette of this type is used by lighting the
end opposite to the filter, and burning the tobacco rod. The smoker
receives mainstream smoke into their mouth by drawing on the mouth
end or filter end of the cigarette.
[0005] Combustion of organic material such as tobacco is known to
produce tar and other potentially harmful by-products. There have
been proposed various smoking substitute systems (or "substitute
smoking systems") in order to avoid the smoking of tobacco.
[0006] Such smoking substitute systems can form part of nicotine
replacement therapies aimed at people who wish to stop smoking and
overcome a dependence on nicotine.
[0007] Smoking substitute systems include electronic systems that
permit a user to simulate the act of smoking by producing an
aerosol (also referred to as a "vapour") that is drawn into the
lungs through the mouth (inhaled) and then exhaled. The inhaled
aerosol typically bears nicotine and/or flavourings without, or
with fewer of, the odour and health risks associated with
traditional smoking.
[0008] In general, smoking substitute systems are intended to
provide a substitute for the rituals of smoking, whilst providing
the user with a similar experience and satisfaction to those
experienced with traditional smoking and with combustible tobacco
products. Some smoking substitute systems use smoking substitute
articles that are designed to resemble a traditional cigarette and
are cylindrical in form with a mouthpiece at one end.
[0009] The popularity and use of smoking substitute systems has
grown rapidly in the past few years. Although originally marketed
as an aid to assist habitual smokers wishing to quit tobacco
smoking, consumers are increasingly viewing smoking substitute
systems as desirable lifestyle accessories.
[0010] There are a number of different categories of smoking
substitute systems, each utilising a different smoking substitute
approach.
[0011] One approach for a smoking substitute system is the
so-called "heat not burn" ("HNB") approach in which tobacco (rather
than an "e-liquid") is heated or warmed to release vapour. The
tobacco may be leaf tobacco or reconstituted tobacco. The vapour
may contain nicotine and/or flavourings. In the HNB approach the
intention is that the tobacco is heated but not burned, i.e., the
tobacco does not undergo combustion.
[0012] A typical HNB smoking substitute system may include a device
and a consumable. The consumable may include the tobacco material.
The device and consumable may be configured to be physically
coupled together. In use, heat may be imparted to the tobacco
material by a heating element of the device, wherein airflow
through the tobacco material causes moisture in the tobacco
material to be released as vapour. A vapour may also be formed from
a carrier/humectant in the tobacco material (this carrier may for
example include propylene glycol and/or vegetable glycerine) and
additionally volatile compounds released from the tobacco. The
released vapour may be entrained in the airflow drawn through the
tobacco.
[0013] As the vapour passes through the consumable (entrained in
the airflow) from an inlet to a mouthpiece (outlet), the vapour
cools and condenses to form an aerosol for inhalation by the user.
The aerosol will normally contain the volatile compounds.
[0014] Known HNB consumables can often provide insufficient mixing
of the vapour components, i.e., incomplete mixing of the nicotine
with the PG/VG because they are vaporised from the tobacco at
different temperatures. Unmixed nicotine gas can result in an
unpleasant sensation for the user.
[0015] In HNB smoking substitute systems, heating as opposed to
burning the tobacco material is believed to cause fewer, or smaller
quantities, of the more harmful compounds ordinarily produced
during smoking. Consequently, the HNB approach may reduce the odour
and/or health risks that can arise through the burning, combustion
and pyrolytic degradation of tobacco.
[0016] In some cases, the aerosol passing from the mouthpiece
(i.e., being inhaled by a user) may not be in a desirable state.
Thus, it may be desirable to alter one or more characteristics of
the aerosol before it is inhaled by the user.
[0017] There is a need for improved design of HNB consumables to
enhance the user experience and improve the function of the HNB
smoking substitute system. One example of improved function is the
improved mixing of the vapour components.
[0018] The present disclosure has been devised in the light of the
above considerations.
SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE
First Mode of the Disclosure
[0019] At its most general, the first mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article, e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable having a filter
element with an axial bore off-set from the axial centre of the
filter element.
[0020] According to a first aspect of the first mode, there is
provided an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a terminal filter element at a downstream axial end
of the article/consumable wherein the terminal filter element
comprises a hollow bore extending from an upstream axial end of the
terminal filter element to a downstream axial end of the terminal
filter element wherein the hollow bore is off-set from the axial
centre of the terminal filter element.
[0021] By providing an off-set hollow bore in the terminal filter
element, the temperature of the vapour entering the user's mouth
will be reduced whilst the visible vapour (total particulate
matter) will be maintained. As the vapour/aerosol travels through
the article/consumable, upon reaching the terminal filter element,
it will meet the axial upstream end of the terminal filter element
and will be forced to take a convoluted path through the off-set
axial bore. This convoluted path will help mix and cool the
vapour/aerosol prior to inhalation.
[0022] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0023] The aerosol-forming article is preferably a heat-not-burn
(HNB) consumable.
[0024] The terminal filter element is provided at the
downstream/mouth end of the article/consumable. The off-set bore
extends the entire length of the terminal filter element and
terminates at the downstream/mouth end of the
article/consumable.
[0025] Preferably, the terminal filter element comprises only the
single off-set bore and no other bores, i.e., the terminal filter
element is preferably solid other than for the single off-set
bore.
[0026] The term axially offset means that the axial centre of the
bore is not aligned with the axial centre of the filter element.
The axial centre of the filter element may, however, be within the
off-set bore.
[0027] There may also be an upstream filter element provided
upstream of the terminal filter element and downstream of the
aerosol-forming substrate.
[0028] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol i.e.,
with the downstream end of the article/consumable being the mouth
end or outlet where the aerosol exits the article/consumable for
inhalation by the user. The upstream end of the article/consumable
is the opposing end to the downstream end.
[0029] The upstream filter element may be a solid filter element or
may be a hollow bore filter element comprising an axial bore.
[0030] The or each filter element is formed of a smoke-permeable
material. The terminal and/or upstream filter element(s) may be
comprised of cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. The terminal
and/or upstream filter element(s) may be comprised of activated
charcoal. The terminal and/or upstream filter element(s) may be
comprised of paper. The terminal and/or upstream filter element(s)
may each be circumscribed with a respective plug wrap, e.g., a
paper plug wrap.
[0031] The porosity of the upstream filter element may be greater
than the porosity of the terminal filter element.
[0032] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the article/consumable.
[0033] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0034] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0035] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0036] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0037] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0038] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0039] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m.sup.2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m.sup.2 such as
greater than or equal to 120 g/m.sup.2.
[0040] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m.sup.2, e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m.sup.2 or less than
or equal to 200 g/m.sup.2.
[0041] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m.sup.2.
[0042] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0043] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0044] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0045] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0046] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0047] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0048] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0049] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0050] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0051] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0052] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt %, e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0053] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour
(including, e.g., citrus, cherry etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g.,
ginger, cinnamon) and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly
dispersed throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be
provided in isolated locations and/or varying concentrations
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0054] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the article/consumable
resembles a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of
between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g.,
around 7 mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm,
e.g., between 11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0055] The aerosol-forming substrate may be circumscribed by a
wrapping layer, e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The wrapping layer
may overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a paper/foil
laminate (with the foil innermost). The upstream filter element may
be at least partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper)
wrapping layer.
[0056] The terminal and/or upstream filter element(s) may each have
a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially
matching the diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or
without its associated wrapping layer). The axial length of the or
each filter element may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15
mm, for example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12
mm.
[0057] The terminal and/or upstream filter element(s) may each have
a bore diameter of between 1 and 5 mm, e.g., between 2 and 4 mm or
between 2 and 3 mm. The diameter of the axial bore in the upstream
filter element may be greater than the diameter of the offset bore
in the terminal filter element.
[0058] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer, e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream
element.
[0059] The upstream and terminal filter elements may be adjacent
one another or may be spaced apart.
[0060] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may comprise an
aerosol-cooling element which is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user.
[0061] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and the upstream filter element and/or
between the upstream and terminal filter elements. The aerosol
cooling element may be at least partly (e.g., completely)
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0062] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0063] The article/consumable may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity or chamber between the aerosol-forming
substrate and the downstream end of the article/consumable. The
spacer acts to allow both cooling and mixing of the aerosol. The
spacer element may comprise a cardboard tube. The spacer element
may be provided between the upstream and terminal filter elements.
The spacer element may be at least partly (e.g., entirely)
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0064] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0065] In a second aspect of the first mode, there is provided a
smoking substitute system comprising an aerosol-forming article
according to the first aspect of the first mode and a device
comprising a heating element.
[0066] The device may be a HNB device, i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0067] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated, e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable described above.
[0068] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0069] In a third aspect of the first mode, there is provided a
method of using a smoking substitute system according to the second
aspect of the first mode, the method comprising:
[0070] inserting the article/consumable into the device; and
[0071] heating the article/consumable using the heating
element.
[0072] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the article/consumable with the heating element upon
insertion of the article/consumable. For example, the heating
element may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
article/consumable.
Second Mode of the Disclosure
[0073] At its most general, the second mode of the disclosure
relates to an aerosol-forming article, e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable having a flow restrictor element
downstream of an aerosol-forming substrate.
[0074] According to a first aspect of the second mode, there is
provided a Heat-Not-Burn (HNB) consumable comprising an
aerosol-forming substrate and a flow restrictor element downstream
of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0075] In a second aspect of the second mode, there is provided an
aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute article such as
an HNB consumable) comprising, in axial flow arrangement, an
aerosol-forming substrate, an upstream filter element, a spacer
element and a terminal filter element, wherein at least one of the
filter elements is a hollow bore filter element and wherein the
article further comprises a flow restrictor element upstream of the
terminal filter element and downstream of the aerosol-forming
substrate.
[0076] By providing a flow restrictor element downstream of the
aerosol-forming substrate, the various components of the vapour are
forced to co-locate and thus mix as they pass through the flow
restrictor element. This means that the user is not exposed to
unmixed nicotine gas.
[0077] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0078] The flow restrictor element may comprise a disc or rod
having at least one axial perforation or channel. For example, the
flow restrictor element may comprise a disc or rod having a single
perforation or channel, e.g., at its axial centre. The or each
perforation/channel may have a diameter of between 0.5 and 1.5 mm,
e.g., around 1 mm.
[0079] During manufacture of the consumable/article, the size of
the perforation(s)/channel(s) can be selected depending on the
desired nicotine "hit" delivery.
[0080] The flow restrictor element may be formed of a
vapour-impermeable material, e.g., it may be formed of a metallic
foil (e.g., aluminium foil) or a plastic material. In other
embodiments, the flow restrictor element may be formed of extruded
tobacco or activated carbon.
[0081] The HNB consumable of the first aspect of the second mode
preferably comprises in axial flow arrangement, an aerosol-forming
substrate, an upstream filter element, a spacer element and a
terminal filter element, wherein at least one of the filter
elements is a hollow bore filter element and wherein the flow
restrictor element is provided upstream of the terminal filter
element and downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0082] In both the first and second aspect of the second mode, the
flow restrictor element may be provided upstream of the spacer
element. This allows expansion of the restricted vapour flow into
the mixing chamber defined by the spacer element which further
improves mixing of the vapour components. In some embodiments, the
restrictor element is provided immediately upstream of the spacer
element, i.e., interposed between the upstream filter element and
the spacer element.
[0083] The aerosol-forming article of the second aspect of the
second mode is preferably a heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable.
[0084] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the article/consumable.
[0085] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol,
i.e., with the downstream end of the article/consumable being the
mouth end or outlet where the aerosol exits the article/consumable
for inhalation by the user. The upstream end of the
article/consumable is the opposing end to the downstream end. The
term "axial flow direction" refers to a direction from the upstream
end of the article/consumable to the downstream end.
[0086] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0087] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0088] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0089] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0090] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0091] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0092] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m.sup.2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m.sup.2 such as
greater than or equal to 120 g/m.sup.2.
[0093] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m.sup.2 e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m.sup.2 or less than or
equal to 200 g/m.sup.2.
[0094] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m.sup.2.
[0095] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0096] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0097] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0098] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0099] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0100] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0101] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0102] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0103] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0104] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0105] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt %, e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0106] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour
(including, e.g., citrus, cherry etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g.,
ginger, cinnamon) and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly
dispersed throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be
provided in isolated locations and/or varying concentrations
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0107] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the article/consumable
resembles a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of
between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g.,
around 7 mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm,
e.g., between 11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0108] The aerosol-forming substrate may be circumscribed by a
wrapping layer, e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The wrapping layer
may overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a paper/foil
laminate (with the foil innermost).
[0109] The HNB consumable of the first aspect of the second mode
may comprise and the article of the second aspect of the second
mode may comprise at upstream filter element and a terminal filter
element. The upstream filter element is upstream of the terminal
filter element (but downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate).
The terminal filter element may be at the downstream/mouth end of
the article/consumable.
[0110] One or both of the filter elements may be comprised of
cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. One or both of the filter
elements may be comprised of activated charcoal. One or both of the
filter elements may be comprised of paper. One or both filter
elements may be circumscribed with a respective plug wrap, e.g., a
paper plug wrap.
[0111] The filter elements may each have a substantially
cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially matching the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its
associated wrapping layer). The axial length of one or each filter
element may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm, for
example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm.
[0112] At least one of the filter elements is a hollow bore filter
element. In some embodiments, both the filter elements are hollow
bore filter elements. The or each hollow bore filter may have a
bore diameter of between 1 and 5 mm, e.g., between 2 and 4 mm or
between 2 and 3 mm. Where the upstream filter element is a hollow
bore filter element, the bore diameter is preferably greater than
the diameter of the flow restrictor perforation, i.e., preferably
greater than 1.5 mm.
[0113] The upstream filter element may be at least partly (e.g.,
entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0114] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer, e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element plus the wrapping layer surrounding the adjacent upstream
element, e.g., the adjacent upstream spacer element.
[0115] In embodiments where only one of the filter elements is a
hollow bore filter element, the other (solid) filter element may
include a capsule, e.g., a crushable capsule (crush-ball)
containing a liquid flavourant, e.g., any of the flavourants listed
above. The capsule can be crushed by the user during smoking of the
article/consumable to release the flavourant. The capsule may be
located at the axial centre of the (solid) filter element.
[0116] The spacer element defines a space or cavity or chamber
between the aerosol-forming substrate and the downstream end of the
article/consumable. The spacer acts to allow both cooling and
mixing of the aerosol. The spacer element may comprise a cardboard
tube. The spacer element may be at least partly (e.g., entirely)
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0117] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm
[0118] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may further
comprise an aerosol-cooling element which is adapted to cool the
aerosol generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat
exchange) before being inhaled by the user.
[0119] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and the upstream filter element or
between two filter elements. The aerosol cooling element may be at
least partly (e.g., completely) circumscribed by the (paper)
wrapping layer.
[0120] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0121] In a third aspect of the second mode, there is provided a
smoking substitute system comprising a HNB consumable according to
the first aspect of the second mode or an aerosol-forming article
according to the second aspect of the second mode and a device
comprising a heating element.
[0122] The device may be a HNB device, i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0123] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated, e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable described above.
[0124] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0125] In a fourth aspect of the second mode, there is provided a
method of using a smoking substitute system according to the second
aspect of the second mode, the method comprising:
[0126] inserting the article/consumable into the device; and
[0127] heating the article/consumable using the heating
element.
Third Mode of the Disclosure
[0128] At its most general, the third mode of the disclosure
relates to an aerosol-forming article, e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable comprising a phase change
material.
[0129] According to a first aspect of the third mode, there is
provided an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable) comprising cooling element
comprising a phase change material.
[0130] The phase change material may be capable of storing and
releasing energy during phase changes. The phase change material
may be a solid-liquid phase change material, whereby when the phase
change material is heated, it melts from a solid to a liquid and
stores the thermal energy. Heat may be transferred from vapour
(passing through the cooling element) to the phase change material
of the cooling element. This transfer of heat may result in cooling
of the vapour, which may facilitate condensation of the vapour so
as to form an aerosol. During phase change, the phase change
material remains at a generally consistent temperature, which may
allow a large amount of heat to be transferred (due to a
temperature differential between the vapour and the phase change
material) from the vapour to the phase change material. Thus, a
cooling element comprising phase change material may, in some
cases, provide increased cooling of vapour passing through it.
[0131] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0132] In some embodiments, the phase change material may be an
organic phase change material. The phase change material may, for
example, be paraffin (CnH2n+2) based, e.g., paraffin with 14 to 34
carbons e.g., 20 carbons (icosane/eicosane).
[0133] In some embodiments, the phase change material may have a
melting point of between 20.degree. C. and 40.degree. C. or, e.g.,
between 25.degree. C. and 35.degree. C., or between 25.degree. C.
and 31.degree. C. Thus, the phase change material may have a
melting point at a temperature that is close to room temperature,
such that heat from vapour (that may be hotter than room
temperature) passing across the cooling element is transferred to
the phase change material (which stores the heat as latent heat
during the phase change).
[0134] In some embodiments the cooling element may comprise a
plurality of phase change beads. The phase change beads may
comprise the phase change material.
[0135] In some embodiments each phase change bead may comprise a
shell enclosing a core formed of the phase change material. The
shell may be formed of glass or plastics material. Each phase
change bead may be substantially spherical.
[0136] The cooling element may comprise a body, e.g., a cylindrical
body and the phase change material/beads may be dispersed within
the body. The distribution of the phase change material/beads in
the body may be a substantially even distribution, or the phase
change material/beads may be localised to particular regions of the
body. For example, there may be a concentration of phase change
material/beads in regions of the body that are hotter during use of
the aerosol-forming article.
[0137] The cylindrical body may have an axial bore extending
therethrough and the phase change material/beads may be localised
proximal the bore.
[0138] The cylindrical body may comprise a matrix of fibrous,
granular, sheet or solid plastics material.
[0139] The plastics material may comprise one or more of viscose,
cellulose, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polylactic acid, polyvinyl
chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and
polyethylene terephtha late (PET).
[0140] In some embodiments, the fibrous plastics material may be
selected from viscose, cellulose, polyester, acrylic or polylactic
acid fibres.
[0141] The fibres of the fibrous material may be randomly oriented
within the cylindrical body. Alternatively, the fibres of the
fibrous material may be oriented in the same direction (e.g., the
longitudinal direction) within the cylindrical body.
[0142] In some embodiments the fibrous material may be in the form
of a fibrous sheet. The sheet may be folded (or, e.g., crimped,
rolled, etc.) so as to form the substantially cylindrical body.
When folded, crimped and/or rolled, the sheet may define a
plurality of channels extending through the cooling element. The
sheet may be sprayed or coated with the phase change material prior
to folding/crimping or rolling so that the phase change material is
dispersed within the resulting cylindrical body.
[0143] The cooling element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0144] In some embodiments the aerosol-forming article comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate, the cooling element located downstream
of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0145] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol,
i.e., with the downstream end of the article/consumable being the
mouth end or outlet where the aerosol exits the article/consumable
for inhalation by the user. The upstream end of the
article/consumable is the opposing end to the downstream end.
[0146] The aerosol-forming article is preferably a heat-not-burn
(HNB) consumable.
[0147] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the article/consumable.
[0148] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0149] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0150] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0151] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0152] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0153] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0154] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m.sup.2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m.sup.2 such as
greater than or equal to 120 g/m.sup.2.
[0155] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m.sup.2, e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m.sup.2 or less than
or equal to 200 g/m.sup.2.
[0156] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m.sup.2.
[0157] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0158] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives (i.e., in addition to the phase change material) selected
from humectants, flavourants, fillers, aqueous/non-aqueous solvents
and binders.
[0159] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0160] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0161] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0162] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0163] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0164] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0165] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0166] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0167] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt %, e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0168] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour
(including, e.g., citrus, cherry etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g.,
ginger, cinnamon) and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly
dispersed throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be
provided in isolated locations and/or varying concentrations
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0169] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the article/consumable
resembles a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of
between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g.,
around 7 mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm,
e.g., between 11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0170] The aerosol-forming substrate may be at least partly
circumscribed by a wrapping layer, e.g., a paper wrapping layer.
The wrapping layer may overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise
a paper/foil laminate (with the foil innermost).
[0171] The article/consumable may comprise at least one filter
element. There may be a terminal filter element at the
downstream/mouth end of the article/consumable. The cooling element
may be located between the terminal filter and the aerosol-forming
substrate. There may be an upstream filter element (upstream of the
downstream axial end). The cooling element may be located between
the upstream filter element and the terminal filter element.
[0172] There may be a plurality of, e.g., two filter elements which
may be adjacent one another or which may be spaced apart. Any
filter element(s) upstream of the terminal filter element may be at
least partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping
layer. Similarly, the cooling element may be at least partly (e.g.,
entirely) circumscribed by the wrapping layer.
[0173] The or at least one of the filter element(s) (e.g., the
terminal filter element/upstream filter element) may be comprised
of cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. The at least one filter
element (e.g., the terminal filter element/upstream filter element)
may be comprised of activated charcoal. The at least one filter
element (e.g., the terminal element/upstream filter element) may be
comprised of paper. The at least one filter element (e.g., the
terminal element/upstream filter element) may be comprised of plant
material, e.g., extruded plant material. The or each filter element
may be circumscribed with a plug wrap, e.g., a paper plug wrap.
[0174] The or each filter element may have a substantially
cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially matching the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its
associated wrapping layer). The axial length of the or each filter
element may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm, for
example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm.
[0175] The or at least one of the filter element(s) (e.g., the
terminal filter element/upstream filter element) may be a solid
filter element. The or at least one of the filter element(s) (e.g.,
the terminal filter element/upstream filter element) may be a
hollow bore filter element. The or each hollow bore filter element
may have a bore diameter of between 1 and 5 mm, e.g., between 2 and
4 mm or between 2 and 3 mm.
[0176] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable (e.g., the cooling element) by a
circumscribing tipping layer, e.g., a tipping paper layer. The
tipping paper may have an axial length longer than the axial length
of the terminal filter element such that the tipping paper
completely circumscribes the terminal filter element plus the
wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream element.
[0177] The or at least one of the filter elements, e.g., the
terminal filter element may include a capsule, e.g., a crushable
capsule (crush-ball) containing a liquid flavourant, e.g., any of
the flavourants listed above. The capsule can be crushed by the
user during smoking of the article/consumable to release the
flavourant. The capsule may be located at the axial centre of the
filter element.
[0178] The article/consumable may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity or chamber between the aerosol-forming
substrate and the downstream end of the article/consumable. For
example, it may be provided between the aerosol-forming substrate
and the upstream filter element and/or between one of the two
filter elements and the cooling element. The spacer acts to allow
both cooling (e.g., in addition to the cooling element) and mixing
of the aerosol. The spacer element may be a tubular spacer element,
e.g., it may comprise a cardboard tube. The spacer element may be
at least partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper)
wrapping layer.
[0179] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0180] In a second aspect of the third mode, there is provided a
smoking substitute system comprising an aerosol-forming article
according to the first aspect of the third mode and a device
comprising a heating element.
[0181] The device may be a HNB device, i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0182] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated, e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable described above.
[0183] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0184] In a third aspect of the third mode, there is provided a
method of using a smoking substitute system according to the second
aspect of the third mode, the method comprising inserting the
article/consumable into the device, and heating the
article/consumable using the heating element.
[0185] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the article/consumable with the heating element upon
insertion of the article/consumable. For example, the heating
element may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
article/consumable.
Fourth Mode of the Disclosure
[0186] At its most general, the fourth mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable having a hollow bore
filter at its axial downstream end.
[0187] According to a first aspect of the fourth mode, there is
provided an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable) comprising: an aerosol-forming
substrate wherein the article further comprises a terminal filter
element at the axial downstream of end of the article, the terminal
filter element being a hollow bore filter element; and one or more
of an upstream filter element, an upstream aerosol-cooling element
and an upstream spacer element.
[0188] The terminal filter element allows delivery of an aerosol
(through the hollow bore) to the user's mouth that remains rich in
volatile compound and visible vapour. The terminal hollow bore
filter also reduces the resistance to draw (RTD) which provides a
more comfortable smoking experience for the user. Furthermore, the
terminal hollow bore filter acts as an airflow restrictor which
contributes to a vapour mixing effect by increasing the local
airflow speed within the bore.
[0189] Where present, the upstream filter element (i.e., upstream
from the terminal filter element but downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate) acts to filter particulate matter from
the vapour/aerosol generated during heating of the aerosol-forming
substrate. Where present, the upstream cooling element acts to cool
the vapour prior to user inhalation thus increasing comfort for the
user. Where present the spacer element acts to cool and mix the
vapour generated from the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0190] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0191] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol,
i.e., with the downstream end of the article/consumable being the
mouth end or outlet where the aerosol exits the article/consumable
for inhalation by the user. The upstream end of the
article/consumable is the opposing end to the downstream end.
[0192] The internal diameter of the bore in the terminal filter
element may be between 1 and 3 mm. For example, the internal
dimeter of the bore may be substantially about 1 mm or 2 mm or 3
mm.
[0193] The upstream filter element may also be a hollow bore filter
element which will further increase the volatile compound
concentration in the aerosol, further reduce the resistance to draw
and further increase vapour mixing.
[0194] The internal diameter of the bore in the upstream filter
element may be greater than the internal diameter of the bore in
the terminal filter element. For example, the internal dimeter of
the bore may be substantially about 2 mm or 3 mm or 4 mm, i.e.,
between 2 and 4 mm.
[0195] In some examples, the internal bore diameter of the upstream
filter element is around 3 mm and the internal diameter of the
terminal filter element is around 2 mm.
[0196] The upstream and/or terminal filter element may be comprised
of cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. The upstream and/or
terminal filter element may be comprised of activated charcoal. The
upstream and/or terminal filter element may be comprised of
paper.
[0197] In some embodiments, the density of the material forming the
terminal filter element is increased, e.g., is greater than the
density of the material forming the upstream filter element in
order to force the air flow through the bore in the terminal filter
element. The terminal bore filter may be formed of substantially
solid/non-porous material.
[0198] The or each filter element may be circumscribed with a plug
wrap, e.g., a paper plug wrap.
[0199] In some embodiments, the upstream filter element and
terminal filter element may be axially spaced for example, the
upstream filter element and the terminal filter element may be
spaced by the cooling element and/or the spacer element.
[0200] The aerosol-cooling element is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user. The aerosol-cooling element may
be axially adjacent the terminal filter element. The
aerosol-cooling element may be axially adjacent the upstream filter
element.
[0201] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0202] The spacer element that defines a space or cavity or
chamber, for example, a space or cavity between the two filters.
The spacer acts to allow both cooling and mixing of the aerosol.
The spacer element may be axially adjacent the terminal filter
element. The spacer element may be axially adjacent the upstream
filter element.
[0203] The spacer element may be a tubular element, e.g., a
cardboard tube.
[0204] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0205] The article/consumable comprises an aerosol-forming
substrate which is capable of being heated to release at least one
volatile compound that can form an aerosol. The aerosol-forming
substrate may be located at the upstream end of the
article/consumable.
[0206] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0207] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0208] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0209] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0210] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0211] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0212] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m.sup.2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m.sup.2 such as
greater than or equal to 120 g/m.sup.2.
[0213] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m.sup.2, e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m.sup.2 or less than
or equal to 200 g/m.sup.2.
[0214] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m.sup.2.
[0215] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0216] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0217] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0218] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0219] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0220] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0221] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0222] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0223] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0224] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0225] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt %, e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0226] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour
(including, e.g., citrus, cherry, etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g.,
ginger, cinnamon) and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly
dispersed throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be
provided in isolated locations and/or varying concentrations
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0227] The aerosol-forming substrate may be circumscribed by a
wrapping layer, e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The wrapping layer
may overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a paper/foil
laminate (with the foil innermost).
[0228] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the article/consumable
resembles a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of
between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g.,
around 7 mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm,
e.g., between 11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0229] The upstream and/or terminal filter element may have a
substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially
matching the diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or
without its associated wrapping layer). The axial length of the or
each filter element may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15
mm, for example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12
mm.
[0230] The upstream filter element may be at least partly (e.g.,
entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer. The
aerosol-cooling element may be at least partly (e.g., completely)
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer. The spacer element may
be at least partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper)
wrapping layer.
[0231] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable (e.g., to the cooling element or spacer) by
a circumscribing tipping layer, e.g., a tipping paper layer. The
tipping paper may have an axial length longer than the axial length
of the terminal filter element such that the tipping paper
completely circumscribes the terminal filter element plus the
wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream element (e.g., the
cooling element or spacer).
[0232] In a second aspect of the fourth mode, there is provided a
smoking substitute system comprising an aerosol-forming article
according to the first aspect of the fourth mode and a device
comprising a heating element.
[0233] The device may be a HNB device, i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0234] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated, e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable described above.
[0235] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0236] In a third aspect of the fourth mode, there is provided a
method of using a smoking substitute system according to the second
aspect of the fourth mode, the method comprising:
[0237] inserting the article/consumable into the device; and
[0238] heating the article/consumable using the heating
element.
[0239] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the article/consumable with the heating element upon
insertion of the article/consumable. For example, the heating
element may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
article/consumable.
Fifth Mode of the Present Disclosure
[0240] At its most general, the fifth mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article, e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable comprising a cavity in
an aerosol-forming material, the cavity housing a vapour modifier
for modifying the vapour released during heating of the
aerosol-forming material.
[0241] According to a first aspect of the fifth mode, the present
disclosure provides an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an
aerosol-forming substrate wherein the aerosol-forming substrate
comprises a first, upstream portion of aerosol-forming material and
a second, downstream portion of aerosol-forming material wherein
the first and second portions of aerosol-forming material are
axially spaced by a cavity housing a vapour modifier.
[0242] By providing an aerosol-forming substrate having a vapour
modifier within a cavity spacing first and second portions of an
aerosol-forming material, the user experience can be tailored and
thereby enhanced. The vapour modifier can be selected such that the
user is exposed to a vapour/an aerosol having different properties,
e.g., a modified flavour and/or modified strength of volatile
compounds and/or modified visible vapour volume.
[0243] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0244] The term "vapour modifier" is intended to refer to a
component, e.g., a material, compound or substrate that modifies
the vapour generated by the aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., that
modifies the flavour of and/or the strength of volatile compound in
and/or the visible vapour (total particulate matter TPM) of the
vapour generated by the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0245] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol,
i.e., with the downstream end of the consumable being the mouth end
or outlet where the aerosol exits the consumable for inhalation by
the user. The upstream end of the consumable is the opposing end to
the downstream end.
[0246] In some embodiments, the first, upstream portion of
aerosol-forming material and the second, downstream portion of
aerosol-forming material are both formed of the same
aerosol-forming material, i.e., are both formed from a first
aerosol-forming material. In other words, the cavity and vapour
modifier are sandwiched between two portions of the first
aerosol-forming material.
[0247] In some embodiments, the vapour modifier may be a second
aerosol-forming material. The second aerosol-forming material is
different to aerosol-forming material used to form the first and
second portions of the aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., the second
aerosol-forming material is different to the first aerosol-forming
material.
[0248] In these embodiments, there is provided an article/HNB
consumable comprising an aerosol-forming substrate wherein the
aerosol-forming substrate comprises two portions of a first
aerosol-forming material sandwiching an axially interposed portion
of a second aerosol-forming material.
[0249] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the consumable.
[0250] In order to generate an aerosol, the first and second (where
present) aerosol-forming material comprises at least one volatile
compound that is intended to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may
provide the user with a recreational and/or medicinal effect when
inhaled. Suitable chemical and/or physiologically active volatile
compounds include the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine,
caffeine, opiates and opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones,
mysticin, beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0251] The first and/or second aerosol-forming material may
comprise plant material. The plant material may comprise least one
plant material selected from the list including Amaranthus dubius,
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica,
Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia
maritima (Baybean), Cecropia mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum,
Cynoglossum virginianum (wild comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana,
Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia californica (California Poppy),
Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma longiflora, Humulus japonica
(Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus (Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce
Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca
(Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus (Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis,
Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco), Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta
cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species (Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White
Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora
incamata (Passionflower), Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior),
Pedicularis groenlandica (Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum,
Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage), Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria
galericulata, Scutellaria lateriflora, Scutellaria nana,
Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida acuta (Wireweed), Sida
rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes
lucida (Mexican Tarragon), Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera
diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum (Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha
Brava) together with any combinations, functional equivalents to,
and/or synthetic alternatives of the foregoing.
[0252] In preferred embodiments, both the first aerosol-forming
material and the second aerosol-forming material comprises tobacco
which will contain nicotine as a volatile compound.
[0253] Any type of tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not
limited to, flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco,
dark-air cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco,
perique tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of
the above mentioned tobaccos.
[0254] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0255] The aerosol-forming material forming the upstream and
downstream portions (e.g., the first aerosol-forming material) may
comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem tobacco, tobacco powder,
tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives, expanded tobacco, homogenised
tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or
reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry recon or paper recon).
[0256] The aerosol-forming material forming the upstream and
downstream portions (e.g., the first aerosol-forming material) may
comprise may comprise a gathered sheet of homogenised (e.g.,
paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered shreds/strips formed from
such a sheet.
[0257] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the first
aerosol-forming material has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m.sup.2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m.sup.2 such as
greater than or equal to 120 g/m.sup.2.
[0258] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m.sup.2, e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m.sup.2 or less than
or equal to 200 g/m.sup.2.
[0259] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m.sup.2.
[0260] The first aerosol-forming material may comprise at least 50
wt % plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g.,
around 65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may
comprise 80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or
less plant material.
[0261] The second aerosol-forming material may comprise a different
one (relative to the first aerosol-forming material) of leaf
tobacco, stem tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco
derivatives, expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded
tobacco, extruded tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted
tobacco (e.g., slurry recon or paper recon). The second
aerosol-forming material may comprise extruded tobacco. For
example, the second aerosol-forming material may comprise pellets,
granules or chips of extruded tobacco.
[0262] Extruded tobacco can produced by forming a liquid mixture of
powered tobacco and a binding agent such as a gum (e.g., xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum). The liquid mixture is heated
and then extruded through a die. The extrudate is dried and then
may be subsequently cut into pellets, chips or granules.
[0263] In some embodiments, the first and second portions of the
aerosol-forming substrate both comprise reconstituted tobacco
(e.g., shreds/strip of a sheet of recon tobacco) and the second
aerosol-forming material (housed within the cavity) comprises
extruded tobacco (e.g., pellet/chips/granules of extruded tobacco).
The extruded tobacco housed in the cavity will deliver a vapour
with a higher nicotine content than the reconstituted tobacco
portions.
[0264] In other embodiments, the vapour modifier is an additive
carrier. In these embodiments, the aerosol-forming material forming
the first and second portions of the aerosol-forming substrate
(e.g., the first aerosol-forming material may be as described
above). In some embodiments, there is provided an article/HNB
consumable comprising an aerosol-forming substrate wherein the
aerosol-forming substrate comprises two portions of an
aerosol-forming material sandwiching an additive carrier.
[0265] The additive carrier may a capsule or micro-moulding, e.g.,
a crushable or meltable capsule or micro-moulding having a
crushable or meltable outer shell containing the additive. The
additive carrier may be substantially spherical.
[0266] The additive carrier may include an additive selected from
humectants or flavourants.
[0267] Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols (e.g.,
propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol and
vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol mono-,
di- or tri-acetate). Inclusion of an humectant in the additive
carrier within the cavity allows the generation of an increased
amount of visible vapour potentially at lower temperatures.
[0268] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form
within the additive carrier. It may include menthol, liquorice,
chocolate, fruit flavour (including, e.g., citrus, cherry, etc.),
vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger, cinnamon) and tobacco flavour.
[0269] The aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., the first and/or second
aerosol-forming material may further comprise one or more additives
selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers, aqueous/non-aqueous
solvents and binders.
[0270] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0271] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0272] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0273] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0274] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0275] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0276] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0277] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0278] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt %, e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0279] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour
(including, e.g., citrus, cherry, etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g.,
ginger, cinnamon) and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly
dispersed/dosed throughout the first and/or second aerosol-forming
material.
[0280] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of between 5 and
10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm.
[0281] Each of the first/second portions of aerosol-forming
material may have an axial length of between 5 and 10 mm, e.g.,
between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 9 mm such as around 7 mm.
[0282] The cavity may have an axial length of around 3 to 7 mm,
e.g., 4 or 5 to 6 mm such as around 6 mm.
[0283] The aerosol-forming substrate may be circumscribed by a
wrapping layer, e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The wrapping layer
may overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a paper/foil
laminate (with the foil innermost).
[0284] The article/consumable may comprise at least one filter
element. There may be a terminal filter element at the
downstream/mouth end of the article/consumable.
[0285] The or at least one of the filter element(s) (e.g., the
terminal filter element) may be comprised of cellulose acetate or
polypropylene tow. The at least one filter element (e.g., the
terminal filter element) may be comprised of activated charcoal.
The at least one filter element (e.g., the terminal element) may be
comprised of paper. The or each filter element may be at least
partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed with a plug wrap, e.g., a
paper plug wrap.
[0286] The or each filter element may have a substantially
cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially matching the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its
associated wrapping layer). The axial length of the or each filter
element may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm, for
example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm.
[0287] The or at least one of the filter element(s) may be a solid
filter element. The or at least one of the filter element(s) may be
a hollow bore filter element. The or each hollow bore filter may
have a bore diameter of between 1 and 5 mm, e.g., between 2 and 4
mm or between 2 and 3 mm.
[0288] There may be a plurality of, e.g., two filter elements which
may be adjacent one another or which may be spaced apart. Any
filter element(s) upstream of the terminal filter element may be
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0289] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer, e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream
element.
[0290] The or at least one of the filter elements, e.g., the
terminal filter element may include a capsule, e.g., a crushable
capsule (crush-ball) containing a liquid flavourant, e.g., a liquid
flavourant as described above. The capsule can be crushed by the
user during smoking of the consumable to release the flavourant.
The capsule may be located at the axial centre of the terminal
filter element.
[0291] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may comprise an
aerosol-cooling element which is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user.
[0292] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and a/the filter element and/or between
two filter elements. The aerosol cooling element may be at least
partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping
layer.
[0293] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0294] The article/consumable may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity between the aerosol-forming substrate and
the downstream end of the consumable. The spacer element may
comprise a cardboard tube. The spacer element may be circumscribed
by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0295] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0296] In a second aspect of the fifth mode, there is provided a
system comprising an article/consumable according to the first
aspect of the fifth mode and a device comprising a heating
element.
[0297] The device may be a HNB device, i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0298] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated, e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable.
[0299] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0300] In a third aspect of the fifth mode, there is provided a
method of using a system according to the second aspect of the
fifth mode, the method comprising:
[0301] inserting the article/consumable into the device; and
heating the article/consumable using the heating element.
[0302] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the article/consumable with the heating element upon
insertion of the article/consumable. For example, the heating
element may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
article/consumable.
Sixth Mode of the Present Disclosure
[0303] At its most general, the sixth mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article, e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable comprising a filter
having a non-circular bore.
[0304] According to a first aspect of the sixth mode, there is
provided a filter element for an aerosol-forming article, the
filter element comprising a bundle of filter tows with a bore
extending longitudinally therethrough, at least a portion of the
bore having a non-circular transverse cross-section.
[0305] The presence of a bore in the filter element may act to mix
volatile compounds (e.g., nicotine) with outer components (e.g.,
humectant) of a vapour/aerosol passing through the filter element.
The bore may also result in a more reactive draw when used in a
smoking substitute system (as discussed below). A non-circular
transverse cross-section may result in the aerosol/vapour flowing
through the bore having a different flow characteristic or flow
pattern than if the cross-section of the bore were circular.
[0306] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0307] The filter tows may be, e.g., acetate tows or polypropylene
tows.
[0308] In some embodiments, the bore in the filter element has a
non-circular transverse cross-section along its entire axial
length.
[0309] In some embodiments the transverse cross-section of the at
least a portion of the bore may comprise a plurality of edges.
[0310] At least one of the plurality of edges may be substantially
straight (e.g., linear). For example, the bore may have a square or
rectangular or triangular, or pentagonal or hexagonal or octagonal
etc. transverse cross-sectional profile.
[0311] In other embodiments, the edges may be curved. For example,
the bore may have a heart-shaped transverse cross-sectional
profile.
[0312] In some embodiments the transverse cross-section of the at
least a portion of the bore may comprise a central portion and a
plurality of lobes projecting outwardly from the central portion.
The lobes may each comprise a generally linear form (e.g., formed
of a plurality of straight edges), or may comprise a curved form
(e.g., formed of one or more curved edges).
[0313] In some embodiments the shape of the transverse
cross-section of the at least a portion of the bore may be one of a
star shape, flower shape or asterisk shape (e.g., five-pointed or
six-pointed).
[0314] In some embodiments the cross-sectional area of the
transverse cross-section of the bore may be substantially
consistent/uniform for the entire axial length, or substantially
the entire axial length, of the bore. Alternatively, the
cross-sectional area of the transverse cross-section of the bore
may vary along the length of the bore. For example, the bore may
have a larger cross-section at a first axial (e.g., upstream) end
than at an opposing second axial (e.g., downstream) end (and may
gradually decrease from the first end to the second end).
[0315] In some embodiments the shape of the transverse
cross-section of the bore may be substantially consistent/uniform
for the entire axial length, or substantially the entire axial
length, of the bore (i.e., such that the entire bore has a
non-circular transverse cross-section). Alternatively, the shape of
the cross-section of the bore may vary along the length of the
bore. For example, the bore may have a square cross-section at a
first end and a triangular cross-section at an opposing second end
(and may gradually change from being a square to a triangle from
the first end to the second end).
[0316] The bore may extend completely through the filter element.
Alternatively, the bore may extend partway through the filter
element. The bore may extend along a central longitudinal axis of
the filter element or may be offset (i.e., in a radial direction)
from the central longitudinal axis. The bore may extend at an angle
to a longitudinal axis of the filter element. The bore may
alternatively extend along a curved path (i.e., rather than a
linear path along an axis).
[0317] The cross-sectional area of the at least a portion of the
bore may be between 0.8 mm.sup.2 and 20 mm.sup.2, e.g., between 3
mm.sup.2 and 12 mm.sup.2 or between 3 mm.sup.2 and 7 mm.sup.2.
[0318] In some embodiments the filter element may comprise a
plurality of bores. Each of the plurality of bores may have a
non-circular transverse cross-section. Each bore may be as
described above. Each of the plurality of bores may comprise a
transverse cross-section that is different to the transverse
cross-section of one or more of the other bores. The non-circular
cross-sections of the plurality of bores may have a total
cross-sectional area of between 0.8 mm.sup.2 and 20 mm.sup.2, e.g.,
between 3 mm.sup.2 and 12 mm.sup.2 or between 3 mm.sup.2 and 7
mm.sup.2.
[0319] The filter element may have a substantially cylindrical
shape. The axial length of the filter element may be less than 20
mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm, for example between 9 and 13 mm,
e.g., between 10 and 12 mm.
[0320] According to a second aspect of the sixth mode, there is
provided an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate, and a filter element according to the first aspect of
the sixth mode downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0321] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol,
i.e., with the downstream end of the article being the mouth end or
outlet where the aerosol exits the article for inhalation by the
user. The upstream end of the article is the opposing end to the
downstream end.
[0322] In some embodiments the filter element may be a terminal
filter element located at a downstream end of the aerosol-forming
article. The or each bore may have a non-circular transverse
cross-section at least at the downstream axial end of the terminal
filter element.
[0323] In other embodiments the filter element may be an upstream
filter element located proximate to the substrate.
[0324] In some embodiments the aerosol-forming article may be a
heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable.
[0325] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the article/consumable.
[0326] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0327] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0328] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0329] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0330] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0331] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0332] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m.sup.2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m.sup.2 such as
greater than or equal to 120 g/m.sup.2.
[0333] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m.sup.2, e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m.sup.2 or less than
or equal to 200 g/m.sup.2.
[0334] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m.sup.2.
[0335] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0336] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0337] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0338] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0339] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0340] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0341] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0342] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0343] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0344] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0345] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt %, e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0346] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour
(including, e.g., citrus, cherry, etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g.,
ginger, cinnamon) and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly
dispersed throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be
provided in isolated locations and/or varying concentrations
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0347] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the article/consumable
resembles a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of
between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g.,
around 7 mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm,
e.g., between 11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0348] The aerosol-forming substrate may be circumscribed by a
wrapping layer, e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The wrapping layer
may overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a paper/foil
laminate (with the foil innermost).
[0349] The article/consumable may comprise one or more further
filter elements in addition to the filter element described above
(i.e., having one or more non-circular bores). Where the filter
element is a terminal filter element, the further filter element
may be an upstream filter element located between the substrate and
the filter element (e.g., located adjacent or proximate to the
substrate). Similarly, where the filter element is an upstream
filter element, there may be a further filter element in the form
of a terminal filter element located at a downstream end of the
article.
[0350] The further filter element(s) (e.g., the upstream filter
element) may be comprised of cellulose acetate or polypropylene
tow. The at least one further filter element (e.g., the upstream
filter element) may be comprised of activated charcoal. The at
least one further filter element (e.g., the upstream filter
element) may be comprised of paper. The at least one further filter
element (e.g., the upstream filter element) may be comprised of
extruded plant material. The or each filter element (i.e.,
including the filter element with the non-circular bore) may be
circumscribed with a plug wrap, e.g., a paper plug wrap.
[0351] The or each filter element may have a substantially
cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially matching the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its
associated wrapping layer). The axial length of the or each further
filter element may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm,
for example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm.
[0352] The or at least one of the further filter element(s) may be
a solid filter element. The or at least one of the further filter
element(s) may be a hollow bore filter element. The or each hollow
bore filter element may have a bore diameter of between 1 and 5 mm,
e.g., between 2 and 4 mm or between 2 and 3 mm.
[0353] There may be a plurality of, e.g., two filter elements which
may be adjacent one another or which may be spaced apart. Any
filter element(s) upstream of the terminal filter element may be at
least partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping
layer.
[0354] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer, e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream
element.
[0355] The or at least one of the further filter elements may
include a capsule, e.g., a crushable capsule (crush-ball)
containing a liquid flavourant, e.g., any of the flavourants listed
above. The capsule can be crushed by the user during smoking of the
article/consumable to release the flavourant. The capsule may be
located at the axial centre of the further filter element.
[0356] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may comprise an
aerosol-cooling element which is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user.
[0357] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and the upstream filter element and/or
between the two filter elements. The aerosol cooling element may be
at least partly (e.g., completely) circumscribed by the (paper)
wrapping layer.
[0358] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal bores to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0359] The article/consumable may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity or chamber between the aerosol-forming
substrate and the downstream end of the article/consumable. For
example, it may be between the aerosol-forming substrate and the
upstream filter element and/or between the two filter elements. The
spacer acts to allow both cooling and mixing of the aerosol. The
spacer element may comprise a cardboard tube. The spacer element
may be at least partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the
(paper) wrapping layer.
[0360] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0361] In a third aspect of the sixth mode, there is provided a
system (e.g., a smoking substitute system) comprising an
aerosol-forming article according to the first aspect of the sixth
mode and a device comprising a heating element.
[0362] The device may be a HNB device, i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0363] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated, e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable described above.
[0364] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0365] In a fourth aspect of the sixth mode, there is provided a
method of using a smoking substitute system according to the second
aspect of the sixth mode, the method comprising inserting the
article/consumable into the device, and heating the
article/consumable using the heating element.
[0366] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the article/consumable with the heating element upon
insertion of the article/consumable. For example, the heating
element may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
article/consumable.
Seventh Mode of the Disclosure
[0367] At its most general, the seventh mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article, e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable comprising two
different forms of aerosol-forming material.
[0368] According to a first aspect of the seventh mode, the present
disclosure provides an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an
aerosol-forming substrate wherein the aerosol-forming substrate
comprises at least a first aerosol-forming material and a second
aerosol forming material wherein the first and second
aerosol-forming materials are axially and/or radially segregated
within the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0369] By providing an aerosol-forming substrate having at least
two different aerosol-forming materials that are axially and/or
segregated, the user experience can be tailored and thereby
enhanced. During the smoking of a single consumable the user is
exposed to a mix of vapours/aerosols having different properties,
e.g., different flavours and/or different strengths of volatile
compounds and/or different vapour volumes.
[0370] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0371] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol,
i.e., with the downstream end of the consumable being the mouth end
or outlet where the aerosol exits the consumable for inhalation by
the user. The upstream end of the consumable is the opposing end to
the downstream end.
[0372] In embodiments where the aerosol-forming materials are
axially segregated, the aerosol-forming substrate preferably
comprises at least a first rod- or tube-shaped portion (formed of
the first aerosol-forming material) and a second rod- or
tube-shaped portion (formed of the second aerosol-forming
material).
[0373] The first and second rod/tube portions may be axially
adjacent one another or they may be axially spaced.
[0374] In embodiments where the aerosol-forming materials are
radially segregated, the aerosol-forming substrate preferably
comprises at least a first, radially outer rod- or tube-shaped
portion (formed of the first aerosol-forming material) and a
second, radially inner tube-shaped portion (formed of the second
aerosol-forming material). In these embodiments, the first and
second aerosol-forming materials are concentrically segregated
within the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0375] The first and second rod/tube portions may be radially
adjacent one another or they may be radially spaced.
[0376] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the consumable.
[0377] In order to generate an aerosol, the first and second
aerosol-forming materials comprises at least one volatile compound
that is intended to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide
the user with a recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled.
Suitable chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds
include the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine,
opiates and opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0378] The first and/or second aerosol-forming material may
comprise plant material. The plant material may comprise least one
plant material selected from the list including Amaranthus dubius,
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica,
Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia
maritima (Baybean), Cecropia mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum,
Cynoglossum virginianum (wild comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana,
Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia californica (California Poppy),
Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma longiflora, Humulus japonica
(Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus (Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce
Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca
(Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus (Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis,
Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco), Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta
cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species (Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White
Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora
incamata (Passionflower), Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior),
Pedicularis groenlandica (Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum,
Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage), Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria
galericulata, Scutellaria lateriflora, Scutellaria nana,
Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida acuta (Wireweed), Sida
rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes
lucida (Mexican Tarragon), Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera
diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum (Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha
Brava) together with any combinations, functional equivalents to,
and/or synthetic alternatives of the foregoing.
[0379] In preferred embodiments, both the first aerosol-forming
material and the second aerosol-forming material comprises tobacco
which will contain nicotine as a volatile compound. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0380] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0381] The first aerosol-forming material may comprise one or more
of leaf tobacco, stem tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust,
tobacco derivatives, expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco,
shredded tobacco, extruded tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or
reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry recon or paper recon).
[0382] The second aerosol-forming material comprises a different
one (relative to the first aerosol-forming material) of leaf
tobacco, stem tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco
derivatives, expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded
tobacco, extruded tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted
tobacco (e.g., slurry recon or paper recon).
[0383] One of the first or second aerosol-forming materials may
comprise a gathered sheet of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon)
tobacco or gathered shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0384] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m.sup.2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m.sup.2 such as
greater than or equal to 120 g/m.sup.2.
[0385] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m.sup.2, e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m.sup.2 or less than
or equal to 200 g/m.sup.2.
[0386] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m.sup.2.
[0387] In preferred embodiments, one of the first and second
aerosol-forming materials comprises extruded tobacco.
[0388] The extruded tobacco may be in the form of a rod- or
tube-shaped extrudate or the extruded tobacco may be in the form of
chips/granules/pellets (which are subsequently formed into a
rod/tube).
[0389] Extruded tobacco can produced by forming a liquid mixture of
powered tobacco and a binding agent such as a gum (e.g., xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum). The liquid mixture is heated
and then extruded through a die (e.g., into the rod-/tube-shaped
portion). The extrudate is dried. To form pellets, chips or
granules of extruded tobacco, the dried extrudate is cut.
[0390] In some embodiments, one of the first and second
aerosol-forming materials comprises reconstituted tobacco and the
other comprises extruded tobacco (e.g., pellet/chips/granules of
extruded tobacco or a rod/tube extrudate). The extruded tobacco
will deliver a vapour with a higher nicotine content than the
reconstituted tobacco.
[0391] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0392] The aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., the first and/or second
aerosol-forming material may further comprise one or more additives
selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers, aqueous/non-aqueous
solvents and binders.
[0393] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0394] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0395] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0396] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0397] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0398] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0399] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0400] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0401] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt % e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0402] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour (including
e.g., citrus, cherry etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger, cinnamon)
and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly dispersed/dosed
throughout the first and/or second aerosol-forming material.
[0403] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of between 5 and
10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm.
[0404] Each of the rod/rube portions in embodiments where the
aerosol-forming materials are axially spaced may have an axial
length of between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 9
mm such as around 7 mm.
[0405] Each of the rod/rube portions in embodiments where the
aerosol-forming materials are radially spaced may have an axial
length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g., between 11 and 14 mm or such
as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0406] The aerosol-forming substrate may be circumscribed by a
wrapping layer e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The wrapping layer may
overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a paper/foil laminate
(with the foil innermost).
[0407] The article/consumable may comprise at least one filter
element. There may be a terminal filter element at the
downstream/mouth end of the article/consumable.
[0408] The or at least one of the filter element(s) (e.g., the
terminal filter element) may be comprised of cellulose acetate or
polypropylene tow. The at least one filter element (e.g., the
terminal filter element) may be comprised of activated charcoal.
The at least one filter element (e.g., the terminal element) may be
comprised of paper. The or each filter element may be at least
partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed with a plug wrap e.g., a
paper plug wrap.
[0409] The or each filter element may have a substantially
cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially matching the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its
associated wrapping layer). The axial length of the or each filter
element may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm, for
example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm.
[0410] The or at least one of the filter element(s) may be a solid
filter element. The or at least one of the filter element(s) may be
a hollow bore filter element. The or each hollow bore filter may
have a bore diameter of between 1 and 5 mm, e.g., between 2 and 4
mm or between 2 and 3 mm.
[0411] There may be a plurality of, e.g., two filter elements which
may be adjacent one another or which may be spaced apart. Any
filter element(s) upstream of the terminal filter element may be
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0412] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer, e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream
element.
[0413] The or at least one of the filter elements, e.g., the
terminal filter element may include a capsule, e.g., a crushable
capsule (crush-ball) containing a liquid flavourant, e.g., a liquid
flavourant as described above. The capsule can be crushed by the
user during smoking of the consumable to release the flavourant.
The capsule may be located at the axial centre of the terminal
filter element.
[0414] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may comprise an
aerosol-cooling element which is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user.
[0415] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and a/the filter element and/or between
two filter elements. The aerosol cooling element may be at least
partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping
layer.
[0416] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0417] The article/consumable may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity between the aerosol-forming substrate and
the downstream end of the consumable. The spacer element may
comprise a cardboard tube. The spacer element may be circumscribed
by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0418] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0419] In a second aspect of the seventh mode, the present
disclosure relates an aerosol-forming article (e.g., an HNB
consumable) comprising an aerosol-forming substrate wherein the
aerosol-forming substrate comprises at least a first
aerosol-forming material and a second aerosol forming material
wherein one of the first and second aerosol-forming materials is
extruded tobacco.
[0420] For this aspect, the article, aerosol-forming substrate,
first aerosol-forming material and second aerosol-forming material
may be as described above for the first aspect of the seventh
mode.
[0421] In a third aspect of the seventh mode, there is provided a
system comprising an article/consumable according to the first or
second aspects of the seventh mode and a device comprising a
heating element.
[0422] The device may be a HNB device, i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0423] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated, e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable.
[0424] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0425] In a fourth aspect of the seventh mode, there is provided a
system comprising an article/consumable according to the first
aspects of the seventh mode and a device comprising a first heating
element for heating the first aerosol-forming material within the
substrate and a second heating element for heating the second
aerosol forming material.
[0426] The device may be a HNB device i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0427] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
elements.
[0428] Where the first and second materials are axially spaced in
the article/consumable, the first and second heating elements may
be axially spaced, e.g., they may each be a tubular heating element
surrounding axially spaced portions of a cavity within the main
body into which the article/consumable is received.
[0429] Where the first and second materials are radially spaced in
the article/consumable, the first and second heating elements may
be radially spaced, e.g., they may each be an elongated, e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element projecting into radially
spaced portions of a cavity within the main body into which the
article/consumable is received.
[0430] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating elements. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating elements.
[0431] In some embodiments, the heating elements are separable
controllable to heat the first and second materials at different
rates/temperatures. In these embodiments, the device (e.g., the
main body) may comprise a first control unit for controlling
heating of the first heating element and a second control unit for
controlling heating of the second heating element.
[0432] In a fifth aspect of the seventh mode, there is provided a
method of using a system according to the third or fourth aspects
of the seventh mode, the method comprising:
[0433] inserting the article/consumable into the device; and
[0434] heating the article/consumable using the heating
element(s).
[0435] In some embodiments (e.g., where the first and second
aerosol-forming materials are radially spaced), the method
comprises inserting the article/consumable into a cavity within the
main body and penetrating the article/consumable with the heating
element(s) upon insertion of the article/consumable. For example,
the heating element(s) may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate
in the article/consumable.
Eighth Mode of the Disclosure
[0436] At its most general, the eighth mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article, e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable comprising a terminal
filter element comprising an upstream filter portion and a
downstream filter portion.
[0437] According to a first aspect of the eighth mode, there is
provided an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a terminal filter element, wherein the terminal
filter element comprises an upstream filter portion and an axially
adjacent downstream filter portion, and wherein one of the upstream
and downstream filter portions is a hollow bore filter element and
the other is a solid filter element.
[0438] The terminal filter element may provide good mixing of
vapour/aerosol passing through the filter element (i.e., in the
bore of the hollow bore filter element) whilst also ensuring the
vapour/aerosol is adequately filtered (i.e., in the solid filter
element).
[0439] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0440] In some embodiments the upstream filter portion may be the
hollow bore filter element and the downstream filter portion may be
the solid filter element. Alternatively, the upstream filter
portion may be the solid filter element and the downstream filter
portion may be the hollow bore filter element.
[0441] The term "sold filter element" is intended to refer to a
filter element that does not have an axial bore. For example, where
the terminal filter element is a cylindrical shape, the hollow bore
filter element will have an annular transverse cross-section and
the solid filter element will have a circular transverse
cross-section. A solid filter element will, of course, be porous
(to render it smoke-permeable) and may have numerous axial flow
passages therethrough.
[0442] The axial bore of the hollow bore filter portion may have a
diameter of between 1 and 5 mm, e.g., between 2 and 4 mm or between
2 and 3 mm.
[0443] The upstream filter portion and downstream filter portion
may be formed of the same or different material.
[0444] At least one of the terminal filter element portions (e.g.,
the upstream portion and/or downstream portion) may be comprised of
cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. At least one of the
terminal filter element portions (e.g., the upstream portion and/or
downstream portion) may be comprised of activated charcoal. At
least one of the terminal filter element portions (e.g., the
upstream portion and/or downstream portion) may be comprised of
paper. At least one of the terminal filter element portions (e.g.,
the upstream portion and/or downstream portion) may be comprised of
plant material, e.g., extruded plant material.
[0445] In some embodiments the terminal filter element may have a
length (i.e., an axial extension) of between 8 mm and 16 mm, or
e.g., between 10 mm and 14 mm, or e.g., between 11 mm and 13 mm,
e.g., around 12 mm. The terminal filter element may have a length
that is a standard length used in standard combining machines
(i.e., for forming aerosol-forming articles such as e.g.,
heat-not-burn consumables). In this respect, the joining of the
upstream and downstream filter portions may enable the terminal
filter element to be processed with standard equipment.
[0446] In some embodiments the terminal filter element may have a
substantially cylindrical shape. The terminal filter element (and
each of the downstream and upstream filter portions) may have a
diameter of between 5 mm and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 mm and 9 mm or
6 mm and 8 mm, e.g., around 7 mm.
[0447] In some embodiments the upstream filter portion may have
substantially the same length as the downstream filter portion.
Alternatively, the upstream filter portion may be longer than the
downstream filter portion or the upstream filter portion may be
shorter than the downstream filter portion.
[0448] The length of the upstream filter portion may be between 4
mm and 8 mm, or e.g., between 5 mm and 7 mm, or e.g., around 6 mm.
The length of the downstream filter portion may be between 4 mm and
8 mm, or e.g., between 5 mm and 7 mm, or e.g., around 6 mm.
[0449] In some embodiments the upstream filter portion may be
joined to the downstream filter portion (i.e., the filter portions
may not be integrally formed, but joined by some further means).
The upstream filter portion and downstream portion may be at least
partially circumscribed by a joining layer. The joining layer may
be in the form of a plug wrap. The plug wrap may be a paper plug
wrap. The upstream filter portion and the downstream filter portion
may be entirely circumscribed by the plug wrap.
[0450] In some embodiments the terminal filter element may comprise
an additive. The additive may be a flavourant. The flavourant may
be provided in solid or liquid form. It may include menthol,
liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour (including e.g., citrus, cherry
etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger, cinnamon) and tobacco flavour.
The flavourant may be evenly dispersed throughout the
aerosol-forming substrate or may be provided in isolated locations
and/or varying concentrations throughout the aerosol-forming
substrate. For example, the flavourant (or additive) may be
isolated to the upstream filter portion, or instead may be isolated
to the downstream filter portion. Alternatively, both the upstream
and downstream filter portions may comprise the additive (e.g.,
flavourant). The additive may be sprayed, painted or coated onto
the filter element or filter portion. The filter element or filter
portion may be impregnated with the additive.
[0451] The additive may be in the form of a capsule located in the
solid filter portion. The capsule may be e.g., a crushable capsule
(crush-ball) containing a liquid flavourant, e.g., any of the
flavourants listed above. The capsule can be crushed by the user
during smoking of the article to release the flavourant. The
capsule may be located at the axial centre of the (upstream or
downstream) portion of the solid filter portion.
[0452] The aerosol-forming article is preferably a heat-not-burn
(HNB) consumable.
[0453] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the article/consumable (i.e., upstream of the terminal filter).
[0454] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol i.e.,
with the downstream end of the article/consumable being the mouth
end or outlet where the aerosol exits the article/consumable for
inhalation by the user. The upstream end of the article/consumable
is the opposing end to the downstream end.
[0455] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0456] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0457] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0458] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0459] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0460] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0461] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m.sup.2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m.sup.2 such as
greater than or equal to 120 g/m.sup.2.
[0462] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m.sup.2, e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m.sup.2 or less than
or equal to 200 g/m.sup.2.
[0463] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m.sup.2.
[0464] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0465] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0466] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0467] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0468] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0469] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0470] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0471] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0472] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0473] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0474] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt % e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0475] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour (including
e.g., citrus, cherry etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger, cinnamon)
and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly dispersed
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be provided in
isolated locations and/or varying concentrations throughout the
aerosol-forming substrate.
[0476] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the article/consumable
resembles a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of
between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g.,
around 7 mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm,
e.g., between 11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0477] The aerosol-forming substrate may be at least partly
circumscribed by a wrapping layer e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The
wrapping layer may overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a
paper/foil laminate (with the foil innermost).
[0478] The article/consumable may comprise an upstream filter
element (upstream of the terminal filter element at the downstream
axial end). The upstream filter element may be between the upstream
filter portion of the terminal filter element and the
aerosol-forming substrate. The upstream filter portion may be
axially adjacent to the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0479] There may be further filter elements (i.e., in addition to
the upstream and terminal filter elements). The filter elements may
be adjacent one another or which may be spaced apart. Any filter
element(s) upstream of the terminal filter element may be at least
partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping
layer.
[0480] The upstream filter element or further filter elements may
be comprised of cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. The
upstream filter element or further filter elements may be comprised
of activated charcoal. The upstream filter element or further
filter elements may be comprised of paper. The upstream filter
element or further filter elements may be comprised of plant
material, e.g., extruded plant material. The upstream filter
element or further filter elements may be circumscribed with a plug
wrap e.g., a paper plug wrap.
[0481] The upstream filter element or further filter elements may
have a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter
substantially matching the diameter of the aerosol-forming
substrate (with or without its associated wrapping layer). The
axial length of each of the upstream filter element or further
filter elements may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm,
for example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm.
[0482] Each of the upstream filter element or further filter
elements may be a solid filter element. Each of the upstream filter
element or further filter elements may be a hollow bore filter
element. The or each hollow bore filter element may have a bore
diameter of between 1 and 5 mm, e.g., between 2 and 4 mm or between
3 and 4 mm, e.g., around 3.5 mm.
[0483] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream
element.
[0484] The upstream filter element or any further filter elements
may include a capsule, e.g., a crushable capsule (crush-ball)
containing a liquid flavourant, e.g., any of the flavourants listed
above. The capsule can be crushed by the user during smoking of the
article/consumable to release the flavourant. The capsule may be
located at the axial centre of the respective filter element.
[0485] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may comprise an
aerosol-cooling element which is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user.
[0486] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and the upstream filter element and/or
between the upstream filter element and the terminal filter
element. The aerosol cooling element may be at least partly (e.g.,
completely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0487] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0488] The article/consumable may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity or chamber between the aerosol-forming
substrate and the downstream end of the article/consumable. For
example, it may be provided between the aerosol-forming substrate
and the upstream filter element and/or between the upstream filter
element and the terminal filter element. The spacer acts to allow
both cooling and mixing of the aerosol. The spacer element may be a
tubular spacer element e.g., it may comprise a cardboard tube. The
spacer element may be at least partly (e.g., entirely)
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0489] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0490] In a second aspect of the eighth mode there is provided a
method for forming an aerosol-forming article, the method
comprising joining a first filter portion to a second filter
portion to form a terminal filter element, and combining the
terminal filter element with an aerosol-forming substrate to form
the aerosol-forming article.
[0491] In some embodiments the first filter portion is a hollow
bore filter element and the second filter portion is a solid filter
element.
[0492] In some embodiments the first and second filter portions are
joined by a plug wrap.
[0493] In some embodiments the combined axial length of the first
and second filter portions is around 12 mm and the step of
combining the terminal filter element with the substrate is
performed using a combining machine configured for combining
terminal filter elements having an axial length of 12 mm. In this
respect, the two filter portions may be processed using standard
equipment.
[0494] In a third aspect of the eighth mode, there is provided a
smoking substitute system comprising an aerosol-forming article
according to the first aspect of the eighth mode and a device
comprising a heating element.
[0495] The device may be a HNB device i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0496] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable described above.
[0497] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0498] In a fourth aspect of the eighth mode, there is provided a
method of using a smoking substitute system according to the second
aspect of the eighth mode, the method comprising inserting the
article/consumable into the device, and heating the
article/consumable using the heating element.
[0499] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the article/consumable with the heating element upon
insertion of the article/consumable. For example, the heating
element may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
article/consumable.
Ninth Mode of the Disclosure
[0500] At its most general, the ninth mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article, e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable an aerosol-forming
substrate at least partly formed of an extruded plant material.
[0501] According to a first aspect of the ninth mode, the present
disclosure provides an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an
aerosol-forming substrate at least partly comprising a rod of
extruded plant material wherein the article further comprises a
terminal filter element at the downstream axial end and an upstream
filter element upstream and axially spaced from the terminal filter
element.
[0502] Extruded plant material is typically more compacted/more
dense than other types of plant material typically used in smoking
substitute articles. By providing an aerosol-forming substrate
formed of or comprising a rod of extruded plant material, the user
of a smoking substitute system having an external heater is
provided with an aerosol having an increased concentration of
volatile compounds and thus an enhanced medicinal/recreational
effect. The filter elements act to remove particular matter from
the vapour/aerosol generated by heating the extruded plant material
with the axial spacing therebetween allowing a greater axial length
of article which allows an increased volume for cooling/mixing of
the vapour/aerosol.
[0503] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0504] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol i.e.,
with the downstream end of the consumable being the mouth end or
outlet where the aerosol exits the consumable for inhalation by the
user. The upstream end of the consumable is the opposing end to the
downstream end.
[0505] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0506] The aerosol-forming substrate at least partly comprises
extruded plant material. The plant material may comprise least one
plant material selected from the list including Amaranthus dubius,
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica,
Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia
maritima (Baybean), Cecropia mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum,
Cynoglossum virginianum (wild comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana,
Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia californica (California Poppy),
Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma longiflora, Humulus japonica
(Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus (Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce
Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca
(Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus (Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis,
Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco), Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta
cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species (Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White
Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora
incamata (Passionflower), Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior),
Pedicularis groenlandica (Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum,
Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage), Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria
galericulata, Scutellaria lateriflora, Scutellaria nana,
Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida acuta (Wireweed), Sida
rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes
lucida (Mexican Tarragon), Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera
diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum (Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha
Brava) together with any combinations, functional equivalents to,
and/or synthetic alternatives of the foregoing.
[0507] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0508] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0509] Extruded tobacco can produced by forming a liquid mixture of
powered tobacco and a binding agent such as a gum (e.g., xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum). The liquid mixture is heated
and then extruded through a die to form the tube-shaped
extrudate.
[0510] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0511] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0512] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0513] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0514] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0515] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0516] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0517] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0518] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0519] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0520] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt % e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0521] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour (including
e.g., citrus, cherry, etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger,
cinnamon) and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly
dispersed/dosed throughout the aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., it
may be added to the liquid mixture of plant material prior to
extrusion.
[0522] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of between 5 and
10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm.
[0523] It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm.
[0524] The extruded rod of plant material may form the entire
aerosol-forming substrate in which case it may have an axial length
of between 10 and 15 mm. The axial bore through the extruded rod of
plant material may extend through the entire axial length of the
extrudate e.g., it may have an axial length of between 10 and 15
mm. The axial upstream end of the axial bore is at the axial
upstream end of the article/consumable.
[0525] The aerosol-forming substrate may be circumscribed by a
wrapping layer, e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The wrapping layer
may overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a paper/foil
laminate (with the foil innermost).
[0526] The rod of extruded plant material may have an axial bore
adapted to receive an external heating element.
[0527] The axial bore in the extruded rod of plant material may
have a diameter of between 1 and 3 mm, e.g., around 2 mm.
[0528] The article/consumable comprises a terminal filter element
at the downstream/mouth end of the article/consumable. There is
also an upstream filter element which is axially spaced from the
terminal filter element. The upstream filter element may be axially
adjacent the substrate.
[0529] The or at least one of the filter element(s) (e.g., the
terminal filter element and/or upstream filter element) may be
comprised of cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. The or at
least one of the filter element(s) (e.g., the terminal filter
element and/or upstream filter element) may be comprised of
activated charcoal. The or at least one of the filter element(s)
(e.g., the terminal filter element and/or upstream filter element)
may be comprised of paper. The or at least one of the filter
element(s) (e.g., the terminal filter element and/or upstream
filter element) may be comprised of plant material, e.g., extruded
plant material. The or each filter element may be at least partly
(e.g., entirely) circumscribed with a plug wrap e.g., a paper plug
wrap.
[0530] The or each filter element may have a substantially
cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially matching the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its
associated wrapping layer). The axial length of the or each filter
element may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm, for
example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm.
[0531] The or at least one of the filter element(s) may be a solid
filter element. The or at least one of the filter element(s) may be
a hollow bore filter element. The or each hollow bore filter may
have a bore diameter of between 1 and 5 mm, e.g., between 2 and 4
mm or between 2 and 3 mm.
[0532] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream
element.
[0533] The or at least one of the filter elements e.g., the
terminal filter element may include a capsule, e.g., a crushable
capsule (crush-ball) containing a liquid flavourant, e.g., a liquid
flavourant as described above.
[0534] The capsule can be crushed by the user during smoking of the
consumable to release the flavourant. The capsule may be located at
the axial centre of the terminal filter element.
[0535] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may comprise an
aerosol-cooling element which is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user.
[0536] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and a/the filter element and/or between
the two filter elements. The aerosol cooling element may be at
least partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping
layer.
[0537] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0538] The article/consumable may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity between the aerosol-forming substrate and
the downstream end of the consumable. For example, it may be
between the aerosol-forming substrate and a/the filter element
and/or between the two filter elements. The spacer element may
comprise a tubular element e.g., a cardboard or plastics material
tube. The spacer element may be circumscribed by the (paper)
wrapping layer.
[0539] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0540] In a second aspect of the ninth mode, there is provided a
system comprising an article/consumable according to the first
aspect of the ninth mode and a device comprising a heating
element.
[0541] The device may be a HNB device i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0542] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable.
[0543] The diameter of the axial bore of the extruded rod of plant
material (where present) preferably matches the diameter of the
elongated rod/tube heater.
[0544] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0545] In a third aspect of the ninth mode, there is provided a
method of using a system according to the second aspect of the
ninth mode, the method comprising:
[0546] inserting the article/consumable into the device; and
heating the article/consumable using the heating element.
[0547] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into the device such that the heating element is
received in the axial bore of the aerosol-forming substrate (where
present).
Tenth Mode of the Disclosure
[0548] At its most general, the tenth mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article, e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable. The aerosol-forming
article of the disclosure provides a means for the user to tailor
their experience thereby facilitating increased enjoyment of the
product.
[0549] According to a first aspect of the tenth mode, there is
provided a heat not burn (HNB) consumable comprising an
aerosol-forming substrate, and a terminal filter element, wherein
the axial length of the terminal filter element is adjustable.
[0550] In this way, the user is able to tailor their experience of
the consumable to meet their own requirements. A user may decide to
retain the entire axial length of the terminal filter element
thereby providing the highest level of filtration and a less harsh
experience. Alternatively they may decide to adjust the axial
length of the filter element to vary the intensity. For example,
they may reduce the axial length of the terminal filter element to
reduce the level of filtration and increase the intensity of their
experience. The disclosure removes the need for complex and
expensive HNB devices which provide different levels of heating to
vary the intensity of the user experience. In contrast, the present
disclosure provides a consumable with an integrated variability in
intensity, such that the user experience can be tailored regardless
of capabilities of the device which is used to heat the
consumable.
[0551] The variable intensity provided by the present disclosure
offers particular advantages when applied to a HNB consumable. A
traditional cigarette provides a relatively constant
level/intensity of smoke throughout its use, until the rod of
smokable material has been entirely combusted and the intensity
drops to zero. However, the intensity of the aerosol generated by a
HNB consumable tends to decline more gradually through its use, as
the quantity of volatile substances (e.g., nicotine, humectant
and/or flavourant) within the aerosol-forming substrate decreases.
The present disclosure offers a means for the user to compensate
for this decline in intensity during use of the HNB consumable. For
example, as the user begins to sense that the intensity of the
inhaled aerosol has decreased, they may adjust the axial length of
the filter element to increase the intensity again, thereby
extending the operable lifetime of the HNB consumable, which in
turn leads to cost savings and lower levels of waste.
[0552] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0553] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the consumable.
[0554] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol i.e.,
with the downstream end of the consumable being the mouth end or
outlet where the aerosol exits the consumable for inhalation by the
user. The upstream end of the consumable is the opposing end to the
downstream end.
[0555] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0556] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0557] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0558] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0559] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0560] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0561] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m2 such as greater
than or equal to 120 g/m2.
[0562] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m2 e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m2 or less than or equal to
200 g/m2.
[0563] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m2.
[0564] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise from 50 to 80
wt % plant material, for example from 50 to 75 wt %, from 55 to 80
wt %, from 55 to 75 wt %, from 50 to 70 wt %, from 55 to 70 wt %,
from 60 to 75 wt % or from 60 to 70 wt %.
[0565] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0566] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0567] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0568] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0569] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0570] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0571] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0572] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0573] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0574] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt % e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0575] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour (including
e.g., citrus, cherry etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger, cinnamon)
and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly dispersed
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be provided in
isolated locations and/or varying concentrations throughout the
aerosol-forming substrate.
[0576] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of between 5 and
10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7 mm.
It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g., between
11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0577] The aerosol-forming substrate may be circumscribed by a
wrapping layer e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The wrapping layer may
overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a paper/foil laminate
(with the foil innermost).
[0578] The consumable comprises a terminal filter element. It may
further comprise an upstream filter element, upstream from the
terminal filter element. The two filter elements may be adjacent
one another or may be spaced apart. The upstream filter element may
be at least partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper)
wrapping layer.
[0579] The or at least one of the filter element(s) (e.g., the
terminal filter element) may be comprised of cellulose acetate or
polypropylene tow. The or at least one filter element(s) (e.g., the
terminal filter element) may be comprised of activated charcoal.
The or at least one of filter element(s) (e.g., the terminal
element) may be comprised of paper. The or each filter element
(e.g., the terminal filter element) may be comprised of extruded
plant material. The or each filter element may be circumscribed
with a plug wrap e.g., a paper plug wrap.
[0580] The or each filter element may have a substantially
cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially matching the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its
associated wrapping layer). The axial length of the or each filter
element may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm, for
example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm.
[0581] The upstream filter element may be a solid filter element.
The upstream filter element may be a hollow bore filter element
having a bore diameter of between 1 and 5 mm, e.g., between 2 and 4
mm or between 2 and 3 mm.
[0582] The axial length of the terminal filter element is
adjustable. In some embodiments, the axial length of the terminal
filter element is reducible. Herein, "axial length" when used to
describe a dimension of a filter or filter element refers to the
length in the direction of the airflow through the consumable.
Thus, when the axial length of the terminal filter element is
adjusted the effective filtration length (i.e., the length of
filter through which the vapour/aerosol must pass before
inhalation) is adjusted. For example, a reduction of the axial
length of the terminal filter element will reduce the length of
terminal filter element through which the aerosol passes within the
consumable and reduce the extent of filtration accordingly.
[0583] In some embodiments, the axial length of the terminal filter
element is adjustable by the removal of one or more terminal
portions of the terminal filter element. In this way, a discrete
portion or element of the terminal filter element is removed from
the consumable, leaving a residual portion in place which is of
reduced axial length, thereby offering a reduced level of
filtration and increased intensity.
[0584] In some embodiments, the terminal filter element comprises a
plurality of filter portions in axial abutment with one another
wherein one or more filter portions is/are removable from the
consumable to adjust the axial length of the terminal filter
element. In this way, one or more filter portions may be more
easily removed from the residual one or more filter portions of the
terminal filter element so that the user experience is more easily
tailored. In some embodiments, the terminal filter element
comprises two filter portions in axial abutment with one another.
In some embodiments, the terminal filter element comprises three
filter portions in axial abutment with one another. In some
embodiments, the terminal filter element comprises four filter
portions in axial abutment with one another. Providing an increased
number of discrete, separable portions within the filter element
provides finer adjustability of the filtration level provided by
the consumable.
[0585] The terminal filter element may comprise a circumscribing
tipping layer e.g., a tipping paper layer for holding the filter
portions in abutment and for joining the terminal filter element to
the upstream elements forming the consumable. The tipping paper may
have an axial length longer than the axial length of the terminal
filter element such that the tipping paper completely circumscribes
the terminal filter element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any
adjacent upstream element.
[0586] In some embodiments, the one or more filter portions of the
terminal filter element are removable by breaking the tipping paper
along a region of weakness. In some embodiments, the region of
weakness comprises a line of weakness in the tipping paper which
overlies a junction between two axially abutting filter portions.
In some embodiments, the line of weakness comprises a linear array
of perforations in the tipping layer of the consumable.
[0587] In some embodiments, at least one of the plurality of filter
portions is adapted to provide a reduced level of filtration. For
example, at least one of the filter portions may be a hollow bore
filter portion having a hollow axial bore.
[0588] One or more of the filter portions may be a solid filter
portion (i.e., without any axial bore).
[0589] In some embodiments, the hollow bore filter portion may be
upstream from the downstream axial end of the consumable.
[0590] In some embodiments, the solid filter portion may be at the
downstream axial end of the consumable.
[0591] In some embodiments, the terminal filter element comprises
an upstream hollow bore filter portion and a downstream solid
filter portion with the region of weakness/line of perforations in
the tipping paper substantially aligned with the join between the
upstream hollow bore filter portion and the downstream solid filter
portion.
[0592] In this way, a more dramatic increase in intensity is
attainable by the removal of a terminal filter portion of the
terminal filter element, since one or more remaining filter portion
is not only of shorter axial length relative to the initial
terminal filter element, but is specifically adapted to provide a
reduced level of filtration.
[0593] The upstream filter element or one of the solid filter
portions of the terminal filter element may include a capsule,
e.g., a crushable capsule (crush-ball) containing a liquid
flavourant, e.g., any of the flavourants listed above. The capsule
can be crushed by the user during smoking of the consumable to
release the flavourant. The capsule may be located at the axial
centre of the upstream filter element or one of the solid filter
portions of the terminal filter element.
[0594] In a second aspect of the tenth mode, there is provided an
aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute article or a
heat not burn (HNB) consumable) comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a terminal filter element wherein the axial length of
the terminal filter element is adjustable and wherein the terminal
filter element comprises a hollow bore filter portion and a solid
filter portion.
[0595] The aerosol-forming substrate in the second aspect of the
tenth mode may be as described above for the first aspect of the
tenth mode. There may be an upstream filter element as described
for the first aspect of the tenth mode. There may be an
aerosol-cooling element and/or a spacer element as described above
for the first aspect of the tenth mode.
[0596] At least one of the filter portions may be comprised of
cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. At least one filter
portions may be comprised of activated charcoal. At least one of
filter portions may be comprised of paper. At least one of filter
portions may be comprised of extruded plant material. Each filter
portion may be circumscribed with a plug wrap e.g., a paper plug
wrap.
[0597] The filter portions may have a substantially cylindrical
shape with a diameter substantially matching the diameter of the
aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its associated wrapping
layer). The axial length of the terminal filter element (and the
upstream filter element) may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8
and 15 mm, for example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12
mm.
[0598] The terminal filter element comprises a hollow bore filter
portion and a solid filter portion. They may be in axial abutment
or they may be spaced by one or more further filter portions. The
solid bore filter portion may be the terminal filter portion i.e.,
at the downstream axial end of the article. In this case, the
hollow bore filter element will be upstream of the solid filter
portion e.g., axially adjacent and upstream of the solid filter
portion.
[0599] The axial length of the terminal filter element is
adjustable/reducible as described above for the first aspect of the
tenth mode, i.e., by removal of the terminal portion of the
terminal filter element.
[0600] The terminal filter element may comprise a circumscribing
tipping layer as described for the first aspect of the tenth mode,
e.g., a tipping paper layer for holding the filter portions in
abutment and for joining the terminal filter element to the
upstream elements forming the consumable. The tipping paper may
have an axial length longer than the axial length of the terminal
filter element such that the tipping paper completely circumscribes
the terminal filter element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any
adjacent upstream element. In some embodiments, the tipping paper
comprises a region of weakness/line of perforations substantially
aligned with the upstream axial end of the terminal (e.g., solid)
filter portion e.g., at a join between the terminal (e.g., solid)
and upstream (e.g., hollow bore) filter portions.
[0601] In some embodiments of the first or second aspect of the
tenth mode, the consumable/article may comprise an aerosol-cooling
element which is adapted to cool the aerosol generated from the
aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange) before being inhaled
by the user.
[0602] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and the upstream filter element/the
upstream filter portion of the terminal filter element and/or
between the upstream filter element and the upstream filter portion
of the terminal filter element. The aerosol cooling element may be
at least partly (e.g., completely) circumscribed by the (paper)
wrapping layer.
[0603] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0604] The consumable/article may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity or chamber between the aerosol-forming
substrate and the downstream end of the consumable. It may be
provided between the aerosol-forming substrate and the upstream
filter element/the upstream filter portion of the terminal filter
element and/or between the upstream filter element and the upstream
filter portion of the terminal filter element. The spacer acts to
allow both cooling and mixing of the aerosol. The spacer element
may be a tubular element e.g., it may comprise a cardboard tube.
The spacer element may be at least partly (e.g., entirely)
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0605] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0606] In a third aspect of the tenth mode, there is provided a
smoking substitute system comprising a HNB consumable according to
the first aspect of the tenth mode or an article according to the
second aspect of the tenth mode and a device comprising a heating
element.
[0607] The device may be a HNB device i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0608] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the consumable described above.
[0609] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0610] In a fourth aspect of the tenth mode, there is provided a
method of using a smoking substitute system according to the third
aspect of the tenth mode, the method comprising:
[0611] inserting the consumable/article into the device; and
[0612] heating the consumable/article using the heating
element.
[0613] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
consumable/article into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the consumable with the heating element upon insertion
of the consumable/article. For example, the heating element may
penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
consumable/article.
[0614] The method may further comprise reducing the axial length of
the terminal filter element.
Eleventh Mode of the Disclosure
[0615] At its most general, the eleventh mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable having filter elements
of different axial lengths.
[0616] According to a first aspect of the eleventh mode, there is
provided an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a plurality of filter elements having different axial
lengths.
[0617] By providing a plurality of filter elements having different
axial lengths, the vapour filtering and mixing performance can be
tailored during manufacture to enhance the user's experience and to
reduce the inhalation of undesirable components of the vapour.
[0618] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0619] The aerosol-forming article is preferably a heat-not-burn
(HNB) consumable.
[0620] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the article/consumable.
[0621] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol i.e.,
with the downstream end of the article/consumable being the mouth
end or outlet where the aerosol exits the article/consumable for
inhalation by the user. The upstream end of the article/consumable
is the opposing end to the downstream end.
[0622] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0623] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0624] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0625] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0626] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0627] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0628] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m2 such as greater
than or equal to 120 g/m2.
[0629] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m2 e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m2 or less than or equal to
200 g/m2.
[0630] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m2.
[0631] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0632] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0633] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0634] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0635] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0636] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0637] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0638] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0639] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0640] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0641] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt % e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0642] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour (including
e.g., citrus, cherry etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger, cinnamon)
and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly dispersed
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be provided in
isolated locations and/or varying concentrations throughout the
aerosol-forming substrate.
[0643] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the article/consumable
resembles a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of
between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g.,
around 7 mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm,
e.g., between 11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0644] The aerosol-forming substrate may be at least partly
circumscribed by a wrapping layer e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The
wrapping layer may overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a
paper/foil laminate (with the foil innermost).
[0645] The article/consumable comprises at least two filter
elements having a different axial length. There may be a terminal
filter element at the downstream/mouth end of the
article/consumable. There may be an upstream filter element
upstream of the terminal filter element but downstream of the
aerosol-forming substrate.
[0646] The terminal filter element and upstream filter element may
be axially adjacent one another or may be spaced apart. The
upstream filter element may be at least partly (e.g., entirely)
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0647] At least one of the filter elements (e.g., the terminal
filter element and/or upstream filter element) may be comprised of
cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. At least one of the filter
elements (e.g., the terminal filter element and/or upstream filter
element) may be comprised of activated charcoal. At least one of
the filter elements (e.g., the terminal element and/or upstream
filter element) may be comprised of paper. At least one of the
filter elements (e.g., the terminal element and/or upstream filter
element) may be comprised of extruded plant material. The or each
filter element may be circumscribed with a plug wrap e.g., a paper
plug wrap.
[0648] The or each filter element may have a substantially
cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially matching the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its
associated wrapping layer).
[0649] In some embodiments, the axial length of the terminal filter
element is greater than the axial length of the upstream filter
element. For example, the axial length of the terminal filter
element may be 1 mm or more greater than the axial length of the
upstream filter element. The axial length of the terminal filter
element may be 2 mm or 3 mm or 4 mm or 5 mm or more greater than
the axial length of the upstream filter element.
[0650] The axial length of the terminal filter element may be less
than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm, for example between 9 and 13
mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm such as around 12 mm.
[0651] In some embodiments, the upstream filter element may have an
axial length of 10 mm or less and the terminal filter element has
an axial length greater than 10 mm, e.g., around 12 mm.
[0652] The or at least one of the filter element(s) (e.g., the
terminal filter element/upstream filter element) may be a solid
filter element. The or at least one of the filter element(s) (e.g.,
the terminal filter element/upstream filter element) may be a
hollow bore filter element.
[0653] It is preferred that the terminal filter element is a hollow
bore filter element with a greater axial length than the upstream
filter element. The upstream filter element may be a hollow bore
filter element.
[0654] Providing a shorter upstream filter element results in a
greater concentration of the volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) at
the terminal filter element because there is less condensation of
the volatile compound on the upstream filter element. This effect
is further increased in embodiments where the upstream filter
element is a hollow bore filter element as there is an unimpeded
path through the upstream filter element. The increased length of
the terminal hollow bore filter in preferred embodiments provides
for good mixing (within the bore) of the vapour components
(including the increased volatile compound component).
[0655] The or each hollow bore filter element may have a bore
diameter of between 1 and 5 mm, e.g., between 2 and 4 mm or between
2 and 3 mm. Where both the upstream filter element and terminal
filter element are hollow bore filter elements, the upstream filter
element preferably has a larger bore diameter than the terminal
filter element.
[0656] The terminal hollow bore filter element may have an
increased density or increased hardness than the upstream filter
element i.e., the upstream filter element may have an increased
porosity than the terminal filter element. This is to increase the
flow and mixing of the vapour/aerosol within the hollow bore of the
terminal filter element.
[0657] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream
element.
[0658] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may comprise an
aerosol-cooling element which is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user.
[0659] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and the upstream filter element and/or
between the two filter elements. The aerosol cooling element may be
at least partly (e.g., completely) circumscribed by the (paper)
wrapping layer.
[0660] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0661] The article/consumable may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity or chamber between the aerosol-forming
substrate and the downstream end of the article/consumable. For
example, it may be provided between the aerosol-forming substrate
and the upstream filter element and/or between the two filter
elements. The spacer acts to allow both cooling and mixing of the
aerosol. The spacer element may be a tubular spacer element e.g.,
it may comprise a cardboard tube. The spacer element may be at
least partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping
layer.
[0662] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length greater than the axial length of
the terminal filter element. It may have any axial length of
between 10 and 15 mm, e.g., between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm,
e.g., around 14 mm.
[0663] In a second aspect of the eleventh mode, there is provided a
smoking substitute system comprising an aerosol-forming article
according to the first aspect of the eleventh mode and a device
comprising a heating element.
[0664] The device may be a HNB device i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0665] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable described above.
[0666] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0667] In a third aspect of the eleventh mode, there is provided a
method of using a smoking substitute system according to the second
aspect of the eleventh mode, the method comprising:
[0668] inserting the article/consumable into the device; and
[0669] heating the article/consumable using the heating
element.
[0670] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the article/consumable with the heating element upon
insertion of the article/consumable. For example, the heating
element may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
article/consumable.
Twelfth Mode of the Disclosure
[0671] At its most general, the twelfth mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article, e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable having hollow bore
filter elements of different bore diameters.
[0672] According to a first aspect of the twelfth mode, there is
provided an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a plurality of hollow bore filter elements having
different internal bore diameters.
[0673] By providing a plurality of hollow bore filter elements
having different internal bore diameters, the vapour filtering and
mixing performance can be tailored during manufacture to enhance
the user's experience.
[0674] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0675] The aerosol-forming article is preferably a heat-not-burn
(HNB) consumable.
[0676] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the article/consumable.
[0677] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol i.e.,
with the downstream end of the article/consumable being the mouth
end or outlet where the aerosol exits the article/consumable for
inhalation by the user. The upstream end of the article/consumable
is the opposing end to the downstream end.
[0678] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0679] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0680] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0681] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0682] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0683] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0684] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m2 such as greater
than or equal to 120 g/m2.
[0685] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m2 e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m2 or less than or equal to
200 g/m2.
[0686] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m2.
[0687] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0688] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0689] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0690] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0691] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0692] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0693] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0694] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0695] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0696] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0697] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt % e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0698] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour (including
e.g., citrus, cherry etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger, cinnamon)
and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly dispersed
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be provided in
isolated locations and/or varying concentrations throughout the
aerosol-forming substrate.
[0699] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the article/consumable
resembles a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of
between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g.,
around 7 mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm,
e.g., between 11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0700] The aerosol-forming substrate may be at least partly
circumscribed by a wrapping layer e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The
wrapping layer may overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a
paper/foil laminate (with the foil innermost).
[0701] The article/consumable comprises at least two hollow bore
filter elements having a different internal axial bore diameters.
There may be a terminal hollow bore filter element at the
downstream/mouth end of the article/consumable. There may be an
upstream hollow bore filter element upstream of the terminal filter
element but downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0702] The terminal filter element and upstream filter element may
be axially adjacent one another or may be spaced apart. The
upstream filter element may be at least partly (e.g., entirely)
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0703] At least one of the filter elements (e.g., the terminal
filter element and/or upstream filter element) may be comprised of
cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. At least one of the filter
elements (e.g., the terminal filter element and/or upstream filter
element) may be comprised of activated charcoal. At least one of
the filter elements (e.g., the terminal filter element and/or
upstream filter element) may be comprised of paper. At least one of
the filter elements (e.g., the terminal filter element and/or
upstream filter element) may be comprised of extruded plant
material. The or each filter element may be circumscribed with a
plug wrap e.g., a paper plug wrap.
[0704] Each filter element may have a substantially cylindrical
shape with a diameter substantially matching the diameter of the
aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its associated wrapping
layer).
[0705] In some embodiments, the axial length of the terminal filter
element is greater than the axial length of the upstream filter
element. For example, the axial length of the terminal filter
element may be 1 mm or more greater than the axial length of the
upstream filter element. The axial length of the terminal filter
element may be 2 mm or 3 mm or 4 mm or 5 mm or more greater than
the axial length of the upstream filter element.
[0706] The axial length of the terminal filter element may be less
than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm, for example between 9 and 13
mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm such as around 12 mm.
[0707] In some embodiments, the upstream filter element may have an
axial length of 10 mm or less and the terminal filter element has
an axial length greater than 10 mm, e.g., around 12 mm.
[0708] Each hollow bore filter element may have a bore diameter of
between 1 and 5 mm, e.g., between 2 and 4 mm or between 2 and 3 mm.
The upstream hollow bore filter element preferably has a larger
bore diameter than the terminal hollow bore filter element. For
example, the upstream hollow bore filter element may have a bore
diameter that is 1 mm or more greater than the bore diameter of the
terminal filter element. For example, the upstream hollow bore
filter element may have a bore diameter of 3 or 3.5 mm whilst the
terminal filter element may have a bore diameter of around 2
mm.
[0709] By providing a terminal filter element with a reduced bore
diameter (compared to the upstream hollow bore filter element), a
greater mixing effect is achieved within the terminal hollow bore
filter element as all of the components of the vapour/aerosol are
forced to co-locate within the more restricted hollow bore. The
increased length of the terminal hollow bore filter in preferred
embodiments also provides for good mixing (within the bore) of the
vapour components.
[0710] The terminal hollow bore filter element may have an
increased density or increased hardness than the upstream filter
element i.e., the upstream filter element may have an increased
porosity than the terminal filter element. This is to increase the
flow and mixing of the vapour/aerosol within the hollow bore of the
terminal filter element.
[0711] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream
element.
[0712] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may comprise an
aerosol-cooling element which is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user.
[0713] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and the upstream filter element and/or
between the two filter elements. The aerosol cooling element may be
at least partly (e.g., completely) circumscribed by the (paper)
wrapping layer.
[0714] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0715] The article/consumable may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity or chamber between the aerosol-forming
substrate and the downstream end of the article/consumable. For
example, it may be provided between the aerosol-forming substrate
and the upstream filter element and/or between the two filter
elements. The spacer acts to allow both cooling and mixing of the
aerosol. The spacer element may be a tubular spacer element e.g.,
it may comprise a cardboard tube. The spacer element may be at
least partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping
layer.
[0716] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length greater than the axial length of
the terminal filter element. It may have any axial length of
between 10 and 15 mm, e.g., between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm,
e.g., around 14 mm.
[0717] In a second aspect of the twelfth mode, there is provided a
smoking substitute system comprising an aerosol-forming article
according to the first aspect of the twelfth mode and a device
comprising a heating element.
[0718] The device may be a HNB device i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0719] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable described above.
[0720] In some embodiments, the heating element is a rod-shaped
heater having a diameter of around 2 mm (e.g., 2.1 mm). The
provision of a bore diameter of around 3 mm or 3.5 mm in the
upstream hollow bore filter element in the article may be
particularly suited to use with a device having such a rod heater
as the plant material, e.g., tobacco closest to the rod heater
(which will be subjected to the highest temperatures) will be
axially aligned with the upstream axial end of the bore in the
upstream hollow bore filter element so that the vapour released
from this axially aligned portion of plant material can flow
directly into the bore of the upstream hollow bore filter element.
Accordingly, in preferred embodiment of the system, the internal
diameter of the bore of the upstream hollow bore filter element is
greater than the external diameter of the rod heater.
[0721] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0722] In a third aspect of the twelfth mode, there is provided a
method of using a smoking substitute system according to the second
aspect of the twelfth mode, the method comprising:
[0723] inserting the article/consumable into the device; and
[0724] heating the article/consumable using the heating
element.
[0725] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the article/consumable with the heating element upon
insertion of the article/consumable. For example, the heating
element may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
article/consumable.
Thirteenth Mode of the Disclosure
[0726] At its most general, the thirteenth mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article, e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable having filter elements
of different hardness.
[0727] According to a first aspect of the thirteenth mode, there is
provided an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a plurality of filter elements wherein at least two
filter elements have a different hardness from one another.
[0728] By providing a plurality of filter elements of different
hardness, the vapour filtering performance can be tailored during
manufacture to enhance the user's experience and to reduce the
inhalation of undesirable components of the vapour. The respective
hardness of the filter elements can also be used to tailor the
resistance to draw (RTD) of the article with a harder filter
element increasing the RTD more than a less hard filter
element.
[0729] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0730] The aerosol-forming article is preferably a heat-not-burn
(HNB) consumable.
[0731] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the article/consumable.
[0732] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol i.e.,
with the downstream end of the article/consumable being the mouth
end or outlet where the aerosol exits the article/consumable for
inhalation by the user. The upstream end of the article/consumable
is the opposing end to the downstream end.
[0733] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0734] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0735] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0736] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0737] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0738] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0739] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m2 such as greater
than or equal to 120 g/m2.
[0740] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m2 e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m2 or less than or equal to
200 g/m2.
[0741] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m2.
[0742] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0743] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0744] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0745] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0746] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0747] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0748] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0749] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0750] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0751] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0752] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt % e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0753] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour (including
e.g., citrus, cherry etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger, cinnamon)
and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly dispersed
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be provided in
isolated locations and/or varying concentrations throughout the
aerosol-forming substrate.
[0754] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the article/consumable
resembles a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of
between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g.,
around 7 mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm,
e.g., between 11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0755] The aerosol-forming substrate may be at least partly
circumscribed by a wrapping layer e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The
wrapping layer may overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a
paper/foil laminate (with the foil innermost).
[0756] The article/consumable comprises at least two filter
elements. There may be a terminal filter element at the
downstream/mouth end of the article/consumable. There may be an
upstream filter element upstream of the downstream axial end but
downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0757] The terminal filter element and upstream filter element may
be axially adjacent one another or may be spaced apart. The
upstream filter element may be at least partly (e.g., entirely)
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0758] At least one of the filter elements (e.g., the terminal
filter element and/or upstream filter element) may be comprised of
cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. At least one of the filter
elements (e.g., the terminal filter element and/or upstream filter
element) may be comprised of activated charcoal. At least one of
the filter elements (e.g., the terminal element and/or upstream
filter element) may be comprised of paper. At least one of the
filter elements (e.g., the terminal element and/or upstream filter
element) may be comprised of plant material, e.g., extruded plant
material. The or each filter element may be circumscribed with a
plug wrap e.g., a paper plug wrap.
[0759] The or each filter element may have a substantially
cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially matching the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its
associated wrapping layer).
[0760] In some embodiments, the upstream and terminal filter
elements have different axial lengths. For example, the axial
length of the terminal filter element may be greater than the axial
length of the upstream filter element. For example, the axial
length of the terminal filter element may be 1 mm or more greater
than the axial length of the upstream filter element. The axial
length of the terminal filter element may be 2 mm or 3 mm or 4 mm
or 5 mm or more greater than the axial length of the upstream
filter element.
[0761] The axial length of the terminal filter element may be less
than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm, for example between 9 and 13
mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm such as around 12 mm.
[0762] In some embodiments, the upstream filter element may have an
axial length of 10 mm or less and the terminal filter element has
an axial length greater than 10 mm, e.g., around 12 mm.
[0763] The or at least one of the filter element(s) (e.g., the
terminal filter element and/or upstream filter element) may be a
solid filter element. The or at least one of the filter element(s)
(e.g., the terminal filter element and/or upstream filter element)
may be a hollow bore filter element.
[0764] It is preferred that the terminal filter element is a hollow
bore filter element with a greater axial length than the upstream
filter element. The upstream filter element may be a hollow bore
filter element.
[0765] Providing a shorter upstream filter element results in a
greater concentration of the volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) at
the terminal filter element because there is less condensation of
the volatile compound on the upstream filter element. This effect
is further increased in embodiments where the upstream filter
element is a hollow bore filter element as there is an unimpeded
path through the upstream filter element. The increased length of
the terminal hollow bore filter in preferred embodiments provides
for good mixing (within the bore) of the vapour components
(including the increased volatile compound component).
[0766] The or each hollow bore filter element may have a bore
diameter of between 1 and 5 mm, e.g., between 2 and 4 mm or between
2 and 3 mm. Where both the upstream filter element and terminal
filter element are hollow bore filter elements, the upstream filter
element preferably has a larger bore diameter than the terminal
filter element.
[0767] The terminal hollow bore filter element may have an
increased density or increased hardness than the upstream filter
element i.e., the upstream filter element may have an increased
porosity than the terminal filter element. This is to increase the
flow and mixing of the vapour/aerosol within the hollow bore of the
terminal filter element. The increased hardness/reduced porosity of
the terminal filter element forces the aerosol/vapour to enter the
axial bore through the terminal filter element (since the passage
through the body of the terminal filter element is impeded) and
this forces the components within the vapour/aerosol to co-locate
within the bore thus increasing mixing. Furthermore, the increased
hardness of the terminal filter element may reduce the need for
filter plasticisers at the downstream (mouth) end of the
article.
[0768] Hardness of a filter element can be measured using a
standard densitometer such as a Borgwaldt densitometer DD60A.
During such measurement, the diameter of the filter element is
measured and then a crushing load (e.g., 3 kg) is applied and the
remaining diameter (parallel to the applied force) measured after a
given time. A percentage hardness is calculated as the remaining
diameter divided by the initial diameter.times.100.
[0769] In some embodiments, the percentage hardness of the terminal
filter element is 3% or more, 4% or more or 5% or more greater than
the hardness of the upstream filter element.
[0770] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream
element.
[0771] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may comprise an
aerosol-cooling element which is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user.
[0772] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and the upstream filter element and/or
between the two filter elements. The aerosol cooling element may be
at least partly (e.g., completely) circumscribed by the (paper)
wrapping layer.
[0773] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0774] The article/consumable may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity or chamber between the aerosol-forming
substrate and the downstream end of the article/consumable. For
example, it may be provided between the aerosol-forming substrate
and the upstream filter element and/or between the two filter
elements. The spacer acts to allow both cooling and mixing of the
aerosol. The spacer element may be a tubular spacer element e.g.,
it may comprise a cardboard tube. The spacer element may be at
least partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping
layer.
[0775] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length greater than the axial length of
the terminal filter element. It may have any axial length of
between 10 and 15 mm, e.g., between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm,
e.g., around 14 mm.
[0776] In a second aspect of the thirteenth mode, there is provided
a smoking substitute system comprising an aerosol-forming article
according to the first aspect of the thirteenth mode and a device
comprising a heating element.
[0777] The device may be a HNB device i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0778] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable described above.
[0779] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0780] In a third aspect of the thirteenth mode, there is provided
a method of using a smoking substitute system according to the
second aspect of the thirteenth mode, the method comprising:
[0781] inserting the article/consumable into the device; and
[0782] heating the article/consumable using the heating
element.
[0783] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the article/consumable with the heating element upon
insertion of the article/consumable. For example, the heating
element may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
article/consumable.
Fourteenth Mode of the Disclosure
[0784] At its most general, the fourteenth mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable having an air flow
path into the consumable upstream of a terminal filter element.
[0785] According to a first aspect of the fourteenth mode, there is
provided an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a hollow bore terminal filter element at a downstream
axial end of the article/consumable wherein the article comprises
at least one radial air flow path into the aerosol-forming
substrate.
[0786] By providing at least one radial air flow path into the
aerosol-forming substrate, air can be drawn into the
aerosol-forming substrate as the user inhales and this air can help
to vaporise volatile components (e.g., physiologically active
volatile compounds and/or humectants) within the aerosol-forming
substrate. In turn, this can increase or maximise the vapour e.g.,
the visible vapour (or Total Particulate Matter (TPM)) which users
often find desirable to mimic the effect of traditional smoking.
The cross-sectional area of the at least one air flow path and/or
the number of radial air flow paths can be tailored to tailor the
resistance to draw (RTD) of the article/consumable.
[0787] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0788] The aerosol-forming article is preferably a heat-not-burn
(HNB) consumable.
[0789] In some embodiments, there is a plurality of radial air flow
paths which may be circumferentially-arranged around the
aerosol-forming article. There may be a plurality of axially
spaced, circumferentially arranged rows of radial flow paths.
[0790] The aerosol-forming substrate may be circumscribed by a
wrapping layer e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The wrapping layer may
overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a paper/foil laminate
(with the foil innermost).
[0791] The radial air flow path(s) may be provided by one or more
ventilation holes provided in the wrapping layer. There may be a
plurality of ventilation holes circumferentially arranged around
the aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., a plurality of axially spaced,
circumferentially arranged rows of ventilation holes.
[0792] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may further
comprise a spacer element or an aerosol-cooling element upstream
and axially adjacent the terminal filter element.
[0793] There may also be an upstream filter element provided
upstream of the terminal filter element and downstream of the
aerosol-forming substrate. The upstream filter element may be
adjacent the downstream end of the aerosol-forming substrate, e.g.,
between the aerosol-forming substrate and the
spacer/aerosol-cooling element.
[0794] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol i.e.,
with the downstream end of the article/consumable being the mouth
end or outlet where the aerosol exits the article/consumable for
inhalation by the user. The upstream end of the article/consumable
is the opposing end to the downstream end. The axial direction of
the article/consumable is aligned with the flow direction of the
vapour/aerosol i.e., extends between the upstream and downstream
ends of the article/consumable. The radial air flow path extends
substantially perpendicularly to the axial direction/flow direction
of the vapour/aerosol.
[0795] The spacer/aerosol-cooling element may be at least partly
(e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer. The
upstream filter element may be at least partly (e.g., entirely)
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0796] The or each filter element is formed of a smoke-permeable
material. The terminal and/or upstream filter element(s) may be
comprised of cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. The terminal
and/or upstream filter element(s) may be comprised of activated
charcoal. The terminal and/or upstream filter element(s) may be
comprised of paper. The terminal and/or upstream filter element(s)
may each be circumscribed with a respective plug wrap e.g., a paper
plug wrap.
[0797] The porosity of the upstream filter element may be greater
than the porosity of the terminal filter element.
[0798] The terminal and/or upstream filter element(s) may each have
a substantially cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially
matching the diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or
without its associated wrapping layer). The axial length of the or
each filter element may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15
mm, for example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12
mm.
[0799] The upstream filter element may be a solid filter element or
may be a hollow bore filter element comprising an axial bore.
[0800] The terminal filter element and optionally the upstream
filter element may each have a bore diameter of between 1 and 5 mm,
e.g., between 2 and 4 mm or between 2 and 3 mm. The diameter of the
axial bore in the (hollow bore) upstream filter element may be
greater than the diameter of the bore in the terminal filter
element.
[0801] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream
element (e.g., the adjacent spacer element or aerosol-cooling
element).
[0802] The aerosol-cooling element is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user.
[0803] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0804] The spacer element defines a space or cavity or chamber
between the aerosol-forming substrate and the downstream end of the
article/consumable e.g., between the upstream and terminal filter
elements. The spacer element acts to allow both cooling and mixing
of the aerosol. The spacer element may have a tubular wall e.g.,
formed of cardboard.
[0805] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0806] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the article/consumable.
[0807] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0808] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0809] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0810] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0811] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0812] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0813] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m2 such as greater
than or equal to 120 g/m2.
[0814] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m2 e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m2 or less than or equal to
200 g/m2.
[0815] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m2.
[0816] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0817] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0818] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0819] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0820] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0821] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0822] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0823] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0824] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0825] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0826] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt % e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0827] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour (including
e.g., citrus, cherry etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger, cinnamon)
and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly dispersed
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be provided in
isolated locations and/or varying concentrations throughout the
aerosol-forming substrate.
[0828] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the article/consumable
resembles a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of
between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g.,
around 7 mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm,
e.g., between 11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0829] In a second aspect of the fourteenth mode, there is provided
a smoking substitute system comprising an aerosol-forming article
according to the first aspect of the fourteenth mode and a device
comprising a heating element.
[0830] The device may be a HNB device i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0831] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable described above.
[0832] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0833] In a third aspect of the fourteenth mode, there is provided
a method of using a smoking substitute system according to the
second aspect of the fourteenth mode, the method comprising:
[0834] inserting the article/consumable into the device; and
[0835] heating the article/consumable using the heating
element.
[0836] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the article/consumable with the heating element upon
insertion of the article/consumable. For example, the heating
element may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
article/consumable.
Fifteenth Mode of the Disclosure
[0837] At its most general, in the fifteenth mode of the
disclosure, a first aspect of the present disclosure relates to an
aerosol-forming article, e.g., a smoking substitute article such as
an HNB consumable with a filter having an adsorbent additive.
[0838] According to the first aspect of the fifteenth mode, there
is provided an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and a terminal filter element at the downstream axial end
of the article wherein the terminal filter element comprises an
adsorbent additive.
[0839] By providing a terminal filter element with an adsorbent,
the terminal filter element can remove unwanted/harmful substances
of the aerosol drawn through the terminal filter element by the
user prior to inhalation. In particular, the adsorbent additive is
able to remove unwanted/harmful substances that are not removed by
the filter alone.
[0840] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0841] Optionally, the adsorbent additive is selected from one or
more of a zeolite, an activated carbon, a silica gel, a clay, a
porous polymer and activated alumina. Preferably, the adsorbent
additive is activated carbon.
[0842] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the adsorbent
additive is in the form of a free-flowing powder/granular/fine
particle adsorbent. By having the adsorbent additive in the form of
smaller flowing particles, a larger surface area and packing
density can be achieved.
[0843] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the adsorbent
additive is in the form of pellets/tablets/pills/beads/fibres. By
having the adsorbent additive in the form of larger solid
particles, such as pellets, the adsorbent additive can contribute
to the structural integrity of the filter and the article.
[0844] In some embodiments, the adsorbent additive is provided
predominantly within a discrete location within the terminal filter
element. For example, at least a portion, or preferably all, of the
adsorbent additive is sandwiched between an upstream terminal
filter portion and a downstream terminal filter portion. By packing
the adsorbent additive between two filter portions at the terminal
end of the article, the adsorbent additive is held in place and the
amount of adsorbent additive may be varied easily between articles
during manufacture without changing the nature of the two filter
portions.
[0845] The terminal filter element may comprise one or more
cavities/holes/voids in which at least a portion, or preferably
all, of the adsorbent additive is held. By having one or more
cavities/holes/voids in the filter the adsorbent additive can be
located in specified pockets and configurations throughout the
filter.
[0846] In some embodiments, at least a portion, or preferably all,
of the adsorbent additive is impregnated in the terminal filter
element. By impregnating the terminal filter element with adsorbent
additive, the filter element can be prepared beforehand as a
standalone portion. Furthermore, there is a decreased chance of
adsorbent additive spillage if the structural integrity of the
article is compromised.
[0847] Optionally, the adsorbent additive is evenly distributed
throughout the entire terminal filter element. By distributing the
terminal filter element with adsorbent additive throughout, a
maximum filtering and adsorbing effect may be achieved.
[0848] The adsorbent additive may account for up to 50%, 40%, 30%,
20%, 10%, 5%, 2% or 1% by mass of the terminal filter element.
[0849] The adsorbent additive removes hazardous substances from the
aerosol as it passes through the filter element. In particular, the
adsorbent additive removes tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs)
from the aerosol. TSNAs include nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone
(NNK), N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), N'-nitrosoanatabine (NAT) and
N-nitrosoanabasine (NAB).
[0850] At its most general, a second aspect of the fifteenth mode
of the present disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article
e.g., a smoking substitute article such as an HNB consumable with a
filter comprising a polar solvent.
[0851] According to the second aspect of the fifteenth mode, there
is provided an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and at least one filter element wherein the at least one
filter element comprises a polar solvent.
[0852] By providing a filter element comprising a polar solvent,
the filter element can remove unwanted/harmful particulate matter
in the vapour at the same time as the polar solvent dissolves and
removes tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) from the vapour.
TSNAs include nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK),
N-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), N'-nitrosoanatabine (NAT) and
N-nitrosoanabasine (NAB).
[0853] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect.
[0854] In some embodiments, the polar solvent is one or more polar
solvent(s) selected from water and polar organic solvents. In some
embodiments, the one or more polar organic solvent(s) is/are
selected from ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and dimethylsulfoxide.
[0855] The polar solvent may be equally dispersed throughout the
filter element. Alternatively it may be provided in discrete
locations or may be concentrated in discrete locations (e.g., it
may be provided in a axially central portion).
[0856] In some embodiments, at least some of the polar solvent may
be contained in one or more frangible capsules that are configured
to release the polar solvent upon rupture so that polar solvent
does not dissipate or evaporate before use.
[0857] In some embodiments, the or each frangible capsule is a
crushable capsule/crush-ball configured to break and release the
polar solvent when crushed/broken.
[0858] In some embodiments, the or each capsule is a thermally
labile capsule configured to melt/deform/rupture and release the
polar solvent when heated, such as when a heated aerosol is drawn
through the filter element by the user.
[0859] In some embodiments, the polar solvent may account for up to
50%, up to 40%, up to 30%, up to 20%, up to 10%, up to 5%, up to 2%
or up to 1% by mass of the filter element. The aerosol-forming
article of the first or second aspect of the fifteenth mode is
preferably a heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable.
[0860] The article/consumable comprises an aerosol-forming
substrate which is capable of being heated to release at least one
volatile compound that can form an aerosol. The aerosol-forming
substrate may be located at the upstream end of the
article/consumable.
[0861] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol i.e.,
with the downstream end of the article/consumable being the mouth
end or outlet where the aerosol exits the article/consumable for
inhalation by the user. The upstream end of the article/consumable
is the opposing end to the downstream end.
[0862] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0863] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0864] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0865] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0866] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0867] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0868] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m.sup.2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m2 such as
greater than or equal to 120 g/m.sup.2.
[0869] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m.sup.2 e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m.sup.2 or less than or
equal to 200 g/m.sup.2.
[0870] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m2.
[0871] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0872] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0873] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0874] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0875] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0876] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %
[0877] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0878] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0879] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0880] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0881] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt % e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0882] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour (including
e.g., citrus, cherry etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger, cinnamon)
and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly dispersed
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be provided in
isolated locations and/or varying concentrations throughout the
aerosol-forming substrate.
[0883] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the article/consumable
resembles a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of
between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g.,
around 7 mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm,
e.g., between 11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0884] The aerosol-forming substrate may be circumscribed by a
wrapping layer e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The wrapping layer may
overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a paper/foil laminate
(with the foil innermost).
[0885] In addition to the terminal filter element, the
article/consumable of the first aspect of the fifteenth mode may
further comprise an upstream filter element.
[0886] The filter element comprising the polar solvent of the
second aspect of the fifteenth mode may be a terminal filter
element provided at the downstream axial end of the article. In
this case, there may be an additional, upstream filter element
which may, for example, be axially adjacent the aerosol-forming
substrate. The upstream filter element may or may not comprise a
polar solvent.
[0887] The filter element comprising the polar solvent may be an
upstream filer element i.e., upstream of the downstream axial end
of the article. In this case, there may be an additional, terminal
filter element at the downstream axial end of the article. The
terminal filter element may or may not comprise a polar
solvent.
[0888] The or at least one of the filter element(s) or filter
portions (e.g., the terminal filter element (portions)/upstream
filter element) may be comprised of cellulose acetate or
polypropylene tow. The or at least one of the filter element(s) or
filter portions (e.g., the terminal filter element
(portions)/upstream filter element) may be comprised of activated
charcoal. The or at least one of the filter element(s) or filter
portions (e.g., the terminal filter element (portions)/upstream
filter element) may be comprised of paper. The or at least one of
the filter element(s) or filter portions (e.g., the terminal filter
element (portions)/upstream filter element) may be comprised of
extruded plant material. The or each filter element may be
circumscribed with a plug wrap e.g., a paper plug wrap.
[0889] The or each filter element/portion may have a substantially
cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially matching the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its
associated wrapping layer). The axial length of the or each filter
element may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm, for
example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm.
[0890] The or at least one of the filter element(s) or filter
portions may be a solid filter element. The or at least one of the
filter element(s) may be a hollow bore filter element. The or each
hollow bore filter may have a bore diameter of between 1 and 5 mm,
e.g., between 2 and 4 mm or between 2 and 3 mm.
[0891] Where there are two filter elements (i.e., an upstream
filter element and terminal filter element) they may be adjacent
one another or which may be spaced apart. Any filter element(s)
upstream of the terminal filter element may be at least partly
(e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0892] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element plus the wrapping layer surrounding any adjacent upstream
element.
[0893] The or at least one of the filter elements e.g., the
terminal filter element may include a capsule, e.g., a crushable
capsule (crush-ball) containing a liquid flavourant, e.g., any of
the flavourants listed above. The capsule can be crushed by the
user during smoking of the article/consumable to release the
flavourant. The capsule may be located at the axial centre of the
terminal filter element.
[0894] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may comprise an
aerosol-cooling element which is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user.
[0895] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and the upstream or terminal filter
element and/or between the upstream and terminal filter elements.
The aerosol cooling element may be at least partly (e.g.,
completely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0896] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0897] The article/consumable may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity or chamber between the aerosol-forming
substrate and the downstream end of the article/consumable. The
spacer acts to allow both cooling and mixing of the aerosol. It may
be provided between the aerosol-forming substrate and the upstream
or terminal filter element and/or between the upstream and terminal
filter elements. The spacer element may comprise a tubular element
e.g., a cardboard tube. The spacer element may be at least partly
(e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0898] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0899] In a third aspect of the fifteenth mode of the disclosure,
there is provided the use of a polar solvent in a filter element of
an aerosol-forming article for filtering hazardous substances from
an aerosol that is drawn through the filter element.
[0900] The polar solvent, filter element and the article may all be
as described in the second aspect of the fifteenth mode.
[0901] In a fourth aspect of the fifteenth mode, there is provided
a smoking substitute system comprising an aerosol-forming article
according to either the first aspect or the second aspect of the
fifteenth mode, and a device comprising a heating element.
[0902] The device may be a HNB device i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0903] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable described above.
[0904] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0905] In a fifth aspect of the fifteenth mode of the disclosure
there is provided a use of an additive adsorbent in the terminal
downstream end filter of an aerosol forming article.
[0906] Optionally, the aerosol forming article has one or more of
the optional features described in the first aspect of the
fifteenth mode of the disclosure.
[0907] In a sixth aspect of the fifteenth mode, there is provided a
method of using a smoking substitute system according to the fourth
aspect of the fifteenth mode, the method comprising:
[0908] inserting the article/consumable into the device; and
[0909] heating the article/consumable using the heating
element.
[0910] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the article/consumable with the heating element upon
insertion of the article/consumable. For example, the heating
element may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
article/consumable.
Sixteenth Mode of the Disclosure
[0911] At its most general, the sixteenth mode of the present
disclosure relates to an aerosol-forming article e.g., a smoking
substitute article such as an HNB consumable that provides an
unimpeded flow passage around a filter element.
[0912] According to a first aspect of the sixteenth mode, there is
provided an aerosol-forming article (e.g., a smoking substitute
article such as an HNB consumable) comprising an aerosol-forming
substrate and at least one filter element downstream of the
substrate wherein the at least one filter element is a hollow bore
filter element and wherein the article has at least one unimpeded
flow path along the outer surface of the filter element.
[0913] The aerosol-forming article is preferably a heat-not-burn
(HNB) consumable.
[0914] According to a second aspect of the sixteenth mode, there is
provided a heat-not-burn (HNB) consumable comprising an
aerosol-forming substrate and at least one filter element
downstream of the substrate wherein the consumable has at least one
unimpeded flow path along the outer surface of the filter
element.
[0915] The filter element may be a solid filter element or a hollow
bore filter element.
[0916] By providing a filter element downstream of the
aerosol-forming substrate, the filter element having at least one
unimpeded flow path along its outer surface, it is possible to
provide a flow path from the aerosol-forming substrate to the
downstream axial end (mouth-end) of the consumable such that the
volume of visible vapour (total particulate matter TPM) is
maintained at a level desirable to the user.
[0917] Optional features will now be set out. These are applicable
singly or in any combination with any aspect. The filter element
may have an outer surface comprising at least one
longitudinally-extending channel.
[0918] The filter element may have an outer surface comprising a
plurality of flow paths along the outer surface of the filter
element e.g., provided by a plurality of longitudinally-extending
channels. For example, the entire of the outer surface may be
convoluted/corrugated with a series of longitudinally-extending
parallel channels and ridges.
[0919] The filter element may be a terminal filter element provided
at the downstream axial end of the article/consumable.
[0920] As used herein, the terms "upstream" and "downstream" are
intended to refer to the flow direction of the vapour/aerosol i.e.,
with the downstream end of the article/consumable being the mouth
end or outlet where the aerosol exits the article/consumable for
inhalation by the user. The upstream end of the article/consumable
is the opposing end to the downstream end.
[0921] The article/consumable may further comprise an upstream
filter element upstream from the terminal filter element. The
upstream filer element may be a solid or hollow bore filter
element.
[0922] The or at least one of the filter element(s) (e.g., the
terminal filter element/upstream filter element) may be comprised
of cellulose acetate or polypropylene tow. The at least one filter
element (e.g., the terminal filter element/upstream filter element)
may be comprised of activated charcoal. The at least one filter
element (e.g., the terminal element/upstream filter element) may be
comprised of paper. The at least one filter element (e.g., the
terminal element/upstream filter element) may be comprised of
extruded plant material. The or each filter element may be
circumscribed at its outer surface with a plug wrap e.g., a paper
plug wrap. The plug wrap will conform to the
longitudinally-extending channels on the outer surface of the
filter element where provided. This the plug warp may be
corrugated.
[0923] The article/consumable may further comprise a sleeve (e.g.,
a paper or cardboard sleeve) at least partially (e.g., fully)
circumscribing the filter element having at least one (e.g., a
plurality of) longitudinally-extending channel(s). The sleeve
overlays the peaks in the corrugated outer surface of the filter
element and leaves the longitudinally-extending channels
unimpeded.
[0924] In some embodiments, the filter element having at least one
(e.g., a plurality of) longitudinally-extending channel(s) may
further comprise a flavourant. The flavourant may include menthol,
liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour (including e.g., citrus, cherry
etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger, cinnamon) and tobacco flavour.
The flavourant may be evenly dispersed throughout the
aerosol-forming substrate or may be provided in isolated locations
and/or varying concentrations throughout the aerosol-forming
substrate. The flavourant may be provided as a flavour thread i.e.,
the filter element may comprise a thread (e.g., a cotton thread)
soaked in flavourant. The flavour thread may be
longitudinally-extending e.g., it may extend the length of the
filter element e.g., along the central axis of the filter
element.
[0925] The aerosol-forming substrate is capable of being heated to
release at least one volatile compound that can form an aerosol.
The aerosol-forming substrate may be located at the upstream end of
the article/consumable.
[0926] In order to generate an aerosol, the aerosol-forming
substrate comprises at least one volatile compound that is intended
to be vaporised/aerosolised and that may provide the user with a
recreational and/or medicinal effect when inhaled. Suitable
chemical and/or physiologically active volatile compounds include
the group consisting of: nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, opiates and
opoids, cathine and cathinone, kavalactones, mysticin,
beta-carboline alkaloids, salvinorin A together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0927] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise plant material.
The plant material may comprise least one plant material selected
from the list including Amaranthus dubius, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
(Bearberry), Argemone mexicana, Arnica, Artemisia vulgaris, Yellow
Tees, Galea zacatechichi, Canavalia maritima (Baybean), Cecropia
mexicana (Guamura), Cestrum noctumum, Cynoglossum virginianum (wild
comfrey), Cytisus scoparius, Damiana, Entada rheedii, Eschscholzia
californica (California Poppy), Fittonia albivenis, Hippobroma
longiflora, Humulus japonica (Japanese Hops), Humulus lupulus
(Hops), Lactuca virosa (Lettuce Opium), Laggera alata, Leonotis
leonurus, Leonurus cardiaca (Motherwort), Leonurus sibiricus
(Honeyweed), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata (Indian-tobacco),
Lobelia siphilitica, Nepeta cataria (Catnip), Nicotiana species
(Tobacco), Nymphaea alba (White Lily), Nymphaea caerulea (Blue
Lily), Opium poppy, Passiflora incamata (Passionflower),
Pedicularis densiflora (Indian Warrior), Pedicularis groenlandica
(Elephant's Head), Salvia divinorum, Salvia dorrii (Tobacco Sage),
Salvia species (Sage), Scutellaria galericulata, Scutellaria
lateriflora, Scutellaria nana, Scutellaria species (Skullcap), Sida
acuta (Wireweed), Sida rhombifolia, Silene capensis, Syzygium
aromaticum (Clove), Tagetes lucida (Mexican Tarragon),
Tarchonanthus camphoratus, Tumera diffusa (Damiana), Verbascum
(Mullein), Zamia latifolia (Maconha Brava) together with any
combinations, functional equivalents to, and/or synthetic
alternatives of the foregoing.
[0928] Preferably, the plant material is tobacco. Any type of
tobacco may be used. This includes, but is not limited to,
flue-cured tobacco, burley tobacco, Maryland Tobacco, dark-air
cured tobacco, oriental tobacco, dark-fired tobacco, perique
tobacco and rustica tobacco. This also includes blends of the above
mentioned tobaccos.
[0929] Any suitable parts of the tobacco plant may be used. This
includes leaves, stems, roots, bark, seeds and flowers.
[0930] The tobacco may comprise one or more of leaf tobacco, stem
tobacco, tobacco powder, tobacco dust, tobacco derivatives,
expanded tobacco, homogenised tobacco, shredded tobacco, extruded
tobacco, cut rag tobacco and/or reconstituted tobacco (e.g., slurry
recon or paper recon).
[0931] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a gathered sheet
of homogenised (e.g., paper/slurry recon) tobacco or gathered
shreds/strips formed from such a sheet.
[0932] In some embodiments, the sheet used to form the
aerosol-forming substrate has a grammage greater than or equal to
100 g/m.sup.2, e.g., greater than or equal to 110 g/m.sup.2 such as
greater than or equal to 120 g/m.sup.2.
[0933] The sheet may have a grammage of less than or equal to 300
g/m.sup.2 e.g., less than or equal to 250 g/m.sup.2 or less than or
equal to 200 g/m.sup.2.
[0934] The sheet may have a grammage of between 120 and 190
g/m.sup.2.
[0935] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise at least 50 wt %
plant material, e.g., at least 60 wt % plant material, e.g., around
65 wt % plant material. The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise
80 wt % or less plant material, e.g., 75 or 70 wt % or less plant
material.
[0936] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise one or more
additives selected from humectants, flavourants, fillers,
aqueous/non-aqueous solvents and binders.
[0937] Humectants are provided as vapour generators--the resulting
vapour helps carry the volatile active compounds and increases
visible vapour. Suitable humectants include polyhydric alcohols
(e.g., propylene glycol (PG), triethylene glycol, 1,2-butane diol
and vegetable glycerine (VG)) and their esters (e.g., glycerol
mono-, di- or tri-acetate). They may be present in the
aerosol-forming substrate in an amount between 1 and 50 wt %.
[0938] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have a lower limit of at least 1% by weight of the plant material,
such as at least 2 wt %, such as at least 5 wt %, such as at least
10 wt %, such as at least 20 wt %, such as at least 30 wt %, or
such as least 40 wt %.
[0939] The humectant content of the aerosol-forming substrate may
have an upper limit of at most 50% by weight of the plant material,
such as at most 40 wt %, such as at most 30 wt %, or such as at
most 20 wt %.
[0940] Preferably, the humectant content is 1 to 40 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, such as 1 to 20 wt %.
[0941] Suitable binders are known in the art and may act to bind
together the components forming the aerosol-forming substrate.
Binders may comprise starches and/or cellulosic binders such as
methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose,
hydroxyethyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, gums such as xanthan,
guar, arabic and/or locust bean gum, organic acids and their salts
such as alginic acid/sodium alginate, agar and pectins.
[0942] Preferably the binder content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 8 wt %.
[0943] Suitable fillers are known in the art and may act to
strengthen the aerosol-forming substrate. Fillers may comprise
fibrous (non-tobacco) fillers such as cellulose fibres,
lignocellulose fibres (e.g., wood fibres), jute fibres and
combinations thereof.
[0944] Preferably, the filler content is 5 to 10 wt % of the
aerosol-forming substrate, e.g., around 6 to 9 wt %.
[0945] The aerosol-forming substrate may comprise an aqueous and/or
non-aqueous solvent. In some embodiments, the aerosol forming
substrate has a water content of between 5 and 10 wt % e.g.,
between 6-9 wt % such as between 7-9 wt %.
[0946] The flavourant may be provided in solid or liquid form. It
may include menthol, liquorice, chocolate, fruit flavour (including
e.g., citrus, cherry etc.), vanilla, spice (e.g., ginger, cinnamon)
and tobacco flavour. The flavourant may be evenly dispersed
throughout the aerosol-forming substrate or may be provided in
isolated locations and/or varying concentrations throughout the
aerosol-forming substrate.
[0947] The aerosol-forming substrate may be formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the article/consumable
resembles a conventional cigarette. It may have a diameter of
between 5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g.,
around 7 mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm,
e.g., between 11 and 14 mm such as around 12 or 13 mm.
[0948] The aerosol-forming substrate may be circumscribed by a
wrapping layer e.g., a paper wrapping layer. The wrapping layer may
overlie an inner foil layer or may comprise a paper/foil laminate
(with the foil innermost).
[0949] The or each filter element may have a substantially
cylindrical shape with a diameter substantially matching the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate (with or without its
associated wrapping layer). The axial length of the or each filter
element may be less than 20 mm, e.g., between 8 and 15 mm, for
example between 9 and 13 mm, e.g., between 10 and 12 mm.
[0950] Where the filter element is a hollow bore filter element,
the filter element may have a bore diameter of between 1 and 5 mm,
e.g., between 2 and 4 mm or between 2 and 3 mm.
[0951] The terminal and upstream filter elements may be adjacent
one another or may be spaced apart. The upstream filter element may
be at least partly (e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper)
wrapping layer.
[0952] The terminal filter element (at the downstream end of the
article/consumable) may be joined to the upstream elements forming
the article/consumable by a circumscribing tipping layer e.g., a
tipping paper layer. The tipping paper may have an axial length
longer than the axial length of the terminal filter element such
that the tipping paper completely circumscribes the terminal filter
element (and its sleeve where present) plus the wrapping layer
surrounding any adjacent upstream element.
[0953] In some embodiments, the article/consumable may comprise an
aerosol-cooling element which is adapted to cool the aerosol
generated from the aerosol-forming substrate (by heat exchange)
before being inhaled by the user.
[0954] The aerosol-cooling element will be downstream from the
aerosol-forming substrate. For example, it may be between the
aerosol-forming substrate and the upstream filter element and/or
between the upstream and terminal filter elements. The aerosol
cooling element may be at least partly (e.g., completely)
circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0955] The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a plastics
material selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid
(PLA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and polyethylene
terephthalate (PET). The aerosol-cooling element may be formed of a
crimped/gathered sheet of material to form a structure having a
high surface area with a plurality of longitudinal channels to
maximise heat exchange and cooling of the aerosol.
[0956] The article/consumable may comprise a spacer element that
defines a space or cavity or chamber between the aerosol-forming
substrate and the downstream end of the article/consumable. For
example, it may be between the aerosol-forming substrate and the
upstream filter element and/or between the upstream and terminal
filter elements. The spacer acts to allow both cooling and mixing
of the aerosol. The spacer element may comprise a tubular element
e.g., a cardboard tube. The spacer element may be at least partly
(e.g., entirely) circumscribed by the (paper) wrapping layer.
[0957] The spacer element may have an external diameter of between
5 and 10 mm, e.g., between 6 and 9 mm or 6 and 8 mm, e.g., around 7
mm. It may have an axial length of between 10 and 15 mm, e.g.,
between 12 and 14 mm or 13 and 14 mm, e.g., around 14 mm.
[0958] In a second aspect of the sixteenth mode, there is provided
a smoking substitute system comprising an aerosol-forming article
according to the first aspect of the sixteenth mode and a device
comprising a heating element.
[0959] The device may be a HNB device i.e., a device adapted to
heat but not combust the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0960] The device may comprise a main body for housing the heating
element. The heating element may comprise an elongated e.g., rod,
tube-shaped or blade heating element. The heating element may
project into or surround a cavity within the main body for
receiving the article/consumable described above.
[0961] The device (e.g., the main body) may further comprise an
electrical power supply, e.g., a (rechargeable) battery for
powering the heating element. It may further comprise a control
unit to control the supply of power to the heating element.
[0962] In a third aspect of the sixteenth mode, there is provided a
method of using a smoking substitute system according to the second
aspect of the sixteenth mode, the method comprising: inserting the
article/consumable into the device; and heating the
article/consumable using the heating element.
[0963] In some embodiments, the method comprises inserting the
article/consumable into a cavity within the main body and
penetrating the article/consumable with the heating element upon
insertion of the article/consumable. For example, the heating
element may penetrate the aerosol-forming substrate in the
article/consumable.
[0964] Regarding all of the modes, the skilled person will
appreciate that except where mutually exclusive, a feature or
parameter described in relation to any one of the above aspects may
be applied to any other aspect. Furthermore, except where mutually
exclusive, any feature or parameter described herein may be applied
to any aspect and/or combined with any other feature or parameter
described herein.
SUMMARY OF THE FIGURES
[0965] So that the invention may be understood, and so that further
aspects and features thereof may be appreciated, embodiments
illustrating the principles of the invention will now be discussed
in further detail with reference to the accompanying figures, in
which:
[0966] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a first mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0967] FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the first mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0968] FIG. 3 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 1 within a device
forming an HNB system.
[0969] FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of a second mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0970] FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the second mode of an
HNB consumable.
[0971] FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of the second mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0972] FIG. 7 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 4 within a device
forming an HNB system.
[0973] FIG. 8 shows a first embodiment of a third mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0974] FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of the third mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0975] FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment of the third mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0976] FIG. 11 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 8 within a device
forming an HNB system.
[0977] FIG. 12 shows a first embodiment of a fourth mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0978] FIG. 13 shows a second embodiment of the fourth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[0979] FIG. 14 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 12 within a
device forming an HNB system.
[0980] FIG. 15 shows a first embodiment of a fifth mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0981] FIG. 16 shows a second embodiment of the fifth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[0982] FIG. 17 shows a third embodiment of the fifth mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0983] FIG. 18 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 15 within a
device forming an HNB system.
[0984] FIG. 19 shows a first embodiment of a sixth mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0985] FIG. 20 shows a second embodiment of the sixth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[0986] FIG. 21 shows a third embodiment of the sixth mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0987] FIG. 22 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 19 within a
device forming an HNB system.
[0988] FIGS. 23A and 23B show a perspective and end view,
respectively, of the first embodiment of the consumable of FIG.
19.
[0989] FIGS. 24, 25, and 26 are end views of exemplary embodiments
of a filter element for the sixth mode of a HNB consumable.
[0990] FIG. 27 shows a first embodiment of a seventh mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0991] FIG. 28 shows a second embodiment of the seventh mode of an
HNB consumable.
[0992] FIG. 29 shows a third embodiment of the seventh mode of an
HNB consumable.
[0993] FIG. 30 shows the first embodiment of the seventh mode of
FIG. 27 within a device forming an HNB system.
[0994] FIG. 31 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 27 within a
second device forming a second HNB system.
[0995] FIG. 32 shows a first embodiment of an eighth mode of an HNB
consumable.
[0996] FIG. 33 shows a second embodiment of the eighth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[0997] FIG. 34 shows a third embodiment of the eighth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[0998] FIG. 35 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 32 within a
device forming an HNB system.
[0999] FIG. 36 shows a first embodiment of a ninth mode of an HNB
consumable.
[1000] FIG. 37 shows a second embodiment of the ninth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[1001] FIG. 38 shows a third embodiment of the ninth mode of an HNB
consumable.
[1002] FIG. 39 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 36 within a
device forming an HNB system.
[1003] FIG. 40 shows a first embodiment of a tenth mode of an HNB
consumable.
[1004] FIG. 41 shows the first embodiment of the tenth mode of the
HNB consumable in a second condition.
[1005] FIG. 42 shows a second embodiment of the tenth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[1006] FIG. 43 shows a third embodiment of the tenth mode of an HNB
consumable.
[1007] FIG. 44 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 40 within a
device forming an HNB system.
[1008] FIG. 45 shows a first embodiment of an eleventh mode of an
HNB consumable.
[1009] FIG. 46 shows a second embodiment of the eleventh mode of an
HNB consumable.
[1010] FIG. 47 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 45 within a
device forming an HNB system.
[1011] FIG. 48 shows a first embodiment of a twelfth mode of an HNB
consumable;
[1012] FIG. 49 shows a second embodiment of the twelfth mode of an
HNB consumable;
[1013] FIG. 50 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 48 within a
device forming an HNB system.
[1014] FIG. 51 shows a first embodiment of a thirteenth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[1015] FIG. 52 shows a second embodiment of the thirteenth mode of
an HNB consumable.
[1016] FIG. 53 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 51 within a
device forming an HNB system.
[1017] FIG. 54 shows a first embodiment of a fourteenth mode of an
HNB consumable;
[1018] FIG. 55 shows a second embodiment of the fourteenth mode of
an HNB consumable;
[1019] FIG. 56 shows a third embodiment of the fourteenth mode of
an HNB consumable;
[1020] FIG. 57 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 54 within a
device forming an HNB system.
[1021] FIG. 58 shows a first embodiment of a fifteenth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[1022] FIG. 59 shows a second embodiment of the fifteenth mode of
an HNB consumable.
[1023] FIG. 60 shows a third embodiment of the fifteenth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[1024] FIG. 61 shows a fourth embodiment of the fifteenth mode of
an HNB consumable within a device forming an HNB system.
[1025] FIG. 62 shows a fifth embodiment of the fifteenth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[1026] FIG. 63 shows a sixth embodiment of the fifteenth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[1027] FIG. 64 shows a seventh embodiment of the fifteenth mode of
an HNB consumable.
[1028] FIG. 65 shows the fifth embodiment of the fifteenth mode
within a device forming an HNB system.
[1029] FIG. 66 shows a first embodiment of a sixteenth mode of an
HNB consumable.
[1030] FIG. 67 shows a second embodiment of the sixteenth mode of
an HNB consumable.
[1031] FIG. 68 shows the terminal filter element of the second
embodiment of the sixteenth mode.
[1032] FIG. 69 shows the second embodiment of the sixteenth mode
within a device forming an HNB system.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
First Mode of the Disclosure
[1033] As shown in FIG. 1, the HNB consumable 1 comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2 at the upstream end of the consumable
1.
[1034] The aerosol-forming substrate comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1035] The aerosol-forming substrate 2 comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate further comprises cellulose pulp filler
and guar gum binder.
[1036] The aerosol-forming substrate 2 is formed in a substantially
cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles a conventional
cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an axial length of
around 12 mm.
[1037] The aerosol-forming substrate 2 is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3.
[1038] The consumable 1 comprises an upstream filter element 4 and
a downstream (terminal) filter element 5. The two filter elements
4, 5 and spaced by a cardboard tube spacer 6. Both filter elements
4, 5 are formed of cellulose acetate tow and wrapped with a
respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1039] Both filter elements have a substantially cylindrical shape.
The diameter of the upstream filter 4 matches the diameter of the
aerosol-forming substrate 2. The diameter of the terminal filter
element 5 is slightly larger and matches the combined diameter of
the aerosol-forming substrate 2 and the wrapping layer 3. The
upstream filter element is slightly shorter in axial length than
the terminal filter element at an axial length of 10 mm compared to
12 mm for the terminal filter element.
[1040] The cardboard tube spacer is longer than each of the two
filter elements having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1041] Upstream filter element 4 is a hollow bore filter element
with a hollow, longitudinally-extending axial bore 14.
[1042] The terminal filter element 5 has a hollow,
longitudinally-extending bore 15 that is axially offset.
[1043] The diameter of the axial bore 14 in the upstream filter 4
is slightly larger than the diameter of the off-set bore in the
terminal filter element 5 having a diameter of 3 mm compared to 2
mm for the terminal filter element.
[1044] The cardboard tube spacer 6 and the upstream filter element
4 are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3.
[1045] The terminal filter element 5 is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7. The tipping layer 7 encircles the terminal filter element
5 and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it overlays a
portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6.
[1046] FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1' which is
the same as the first embodiment except that the wrapping layer 3
does not completely circumscribe the cardboard tube spacer 6 such
that there is an annular gap 9 between the tipping layer 7 and the
cardboard tube spacer 6 downstream of the end of the wrapping layer
3.
[1047] FIG. 3 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10 comprising a rod-shaped heating element 20. The heating
element 20 projects into a cavity 11 within the main body 12 of the
device.
[1048] The consumable 1 is inserted into the cavity 11 of the main
body 12 of the device 10 such that the heating rod 20 penetrates
the aerosol-forming substrate 2. Heating of the reconstituted
tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2 is effected by powering
the heating element (e.g., with a rechargeable battery (not
shown)). As the tobacco is heated, moisture and volatile compound
(e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco and the humectant are released
as a vapour and entrained within an airflow generated by inhalation
by the user at the terminal filter element 5.
[1049] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4 and
the cardboard tube spacer 6, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
Second Mode of the Disclosure
[1050] As shown in FIG. 4, an HNB consumable 1a comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2a at the upstream end of the consumable
1a.
[1051] The aerosol-forming substrate comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1052] The aerosol-forming substrate 2a comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate further comprises cellulose pulp filler
and guar gum binder.
[1053] The aerosol-forming substrate 2a is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm.
[1054] The aerosol-forming substrate 2a is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3a.
[1055] The consumable 1a comprises an upstream filter element 4a
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5a. The two filter
elements 4a, 5a and spaced by a cardboard tube spacer 6a. Both
filter elements 4a, 5a are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1056] Both filter elements have a substantially cylindrical shape.
The diameter of the upstream filter 4a matches the diameter of the
aerosol-forming substrate 2a. The diameter of the terminal filter
element 5a is slightly larger and matches the combined diameter of
the aerosol-forming substrate 2a and the wrapping layer 3a. The
upstream filter element is slightly shorter in axial length than
the terminal filter element at an axial length of 10 mm compared to
12 mm for the terminal filter element.
[1057] The cardboard tube spacer 6a is longer than each of the two
filter portions having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1058] Each filter element 4a, 5a is a hollow bore filter element
with a hollow, longitudinally extending bore. The diameter of the
bore in the upstream filter is slightly larger than the diameter of
the bore in the terminal filter having a diameter of 3 mm compared
to 2 mm for the terminal filter element.
[1059] The cardboard tube spacer 6a and the upstream filter portion
4a are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3a.
[1060] The terminal filter element 5a is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7a. The tipping layer 7a encircles the terminal filter
portion and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it
overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6a.
[1061] A flow restrictor element 13a in the form of a foil disc
with a single perforation 14a having a 1 mm diameter is provided at
the downstream of the of the upstream filter element 4a, i.e., it
is interposed between the upstream filter element 4a and the
cardboard tube spacer 6a.
[1062] FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1a' which
is the same as that shown in FIG. 4 except that the terminal filter
element 5a is a solid filter element and comprises a crushable
capsule 8a (crush-ball) having a shell wall containing a liquid
menthol or cherry or vanilla flavourant. The capsule 8a is
spherical and has a diameter of 3.5 mm. It is positioned within the
axial centre of the terminal filter portion 5a.
[1063] FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of a consumable 1a'' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the wrapping layer
3a does not completely circumscribe the cardboard tube spacer 6a
such that there is an annular gap 9a between the tipping layer 7a
and the cardboard tube spacer 6a downstream of the end of the
wrapping layer 3a.
[1064] FIG. 7 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10a comprising a rod-shaped heating element (not shown). The
heating element projects into a cavity 11a within the main body 12a
of the device.
[1065] The consumable 1a is inserted into the cavity 11a of the
main body 12a of the device 10a such that the heating rod
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2a. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2a is
effected by powering the heating element (e.g., with a rechargeable
battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated, moisture and
nicotine from within the tobacco and the humectant are released as
a vapour and entrained within an airflow generated by inhalation by
the user at the terminal filter portion 5a.
[1066] After the vapour passes through the upstream filter 4a, the
nicotine, moisture and humectant are forced to co-locate as they
pass through the perforation 14a in the flow restrictor element 13a
thus effecting good mixing. The vapour flow path then increases in
cross-sectional area within the cardboard tube spacer 6a which
further effects efficient mixing of the vapour components.
[1067] As the vapour cools within the cardboard tube spacer 6a, it
condenses to form an aerosol containing the volatile compounds for
inhalation by the user.
Third Mode of the Disclosure
[1068] As shown in FIG. 8, the HNB consumable 1b comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2b at the upstream end of the consumable
1b.
[1069] The aerosol-forming substrate comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1070] The aerosol-forming substrate 2b comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate further comprises cellulose pulp filler
and guar gum binder.
[1071] The aerosol-forming substrate 2b is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm.
[1072] The aerosol-forming substrate 2b is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3b.
[1073] The consumable 1b comprises an upstream filter element 4b
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5b. The two filter
elements 4b, 5 and spaced by a cooling element 6b. Both filter
elements 4b, 5 are formed of cellulose acetate tow and wrapped with
a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1074] Both filter elements have a substantially cylindrical shape.
The diameter of the upstream filter element 4b matches the diameter
of the aerosol-forming substrate 2bb. The diameter of the terminal
filter element 5b is slightly larger and matches the combined
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2b and the wrapping layer
3b. The upstream filter element 4b is slightly shorter in axial
length than the terminal filter element 5b at an axial length of 10
mm compared to 12 mm for the terminal filter element 5b.
[1075] The cooling element 6b has a substantially cylindrical form
and is longer than each of the two filter elements 4b, 5 having an
axial length of around 14 mm. The cooling element 6b comprises a
fibrous mass (formed of viscose fibres) that is formed into the
substantially cylindrical shape. Although not apparent from the
figure, a plurality of phase change beads are distributed evenly
within the fibrous mass. Each phase change bead is in the form of a
spherical bead comprising a glass outer shell and a core of isocane
(i.e., the phase change material). Outlast.RTM. Viscose Fibre
(e.g., 7.0 dtex) may be used to form the cooling element 6b.
[1076] Each filter element 4b, 5b is a hollow bore filter element
with a hollow, longitudinally extending bore. The diameter of the
bore in the upstream filter is slightly larger than the diameter of
the bore in the terminal filter having a diameter of 3 mm compared
to 2 mm for the terminal filter element 5b.
[1077] The cooling element 6b and the upstream filter element 4b
are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3b.
[1078] The terminal filter element 5b is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7b. The tipping layer 7b encircles the terminal filter
element 5b and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it
overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6b.
[1079] FIG. 9 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1b' which
is the same as that shown in FIG. 8 except that the terminal filter
element 5b is a solid filter element and comprises a crushable
capsule 8b (crush-ball) having a shell wall containing a liquid
menthol or cherry or vanilla flavourant. The capsule 8b is
spherical and has a diameter of 3.5 mm. It is positioned within the
axial centre of the terminal filter element 5b.
[1080] FIG. 10 shows a third embodiment of a consumable 1b'' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the wrapping layer
3b does not completely circumscribe the cooling element 6b such
that there is an annular gap between the tipping layer 7b and the
cooling element 6b downstream of the end of the wrapping layer
3b.
[1081] FIG. 11 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10b comprising a rod-shaped heating element 20b. The heating
element 20b projects into a cavity 11b within the main body 12b of
the device.
[1082] The consumable 1b is inserted into the cavity 11b of the
main body 12b of the device 10b such that the heating rod 20b
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2b. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2b is
effected by powering the heating element (e.g., with a rechargeable
battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated, moisture and
volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco and the
humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an airflow
generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter element
5b.
[1083] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4b
and the cardboard tube spacer 6b, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
Fourth Mode of the Disclosure
[1084] As shown in FIG. 12, a HNB consumable 1c comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2c at the upstream end of the consumable
1c.
[1085] The aerosol-forming substrate 2c comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1086] The aerosol-forming substrate 2c comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate 2c further comprises cellulose pulp
filler and guar gum binder.
[1087] The aerosol-forming substrate 2c is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm.
[1088] The aerosol-forming substrate 2c is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3c.
[1089] The consumable 1c comprises an upstream filter element 4c
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5c. The two filter
elements 4c, 5c and spaced by a cardboard spacer tube 6c. Both
filter elements 4c, 5c are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown). The density
of the cellulose acetate tow is greater in the terminal filter
element 5c.
[1090] Both filter elements 4c, 5c have a substantially cylindrical
shape. The diameter of the upstream filter 4c matches the diameter
of the aerosol-forming substrate 2c. The diameter of the terminal
filter element 5c is slightly larger and matches the combined
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2c and the wrapping layer
3c. The upstream filter element 4c is slightly shorter in axial
length than the terminal filter element 5c at an axial length of 10
mm compared to 12 mm for the terminal filter element 5c.
[1091] The cardboard tube spacer 6c is longer than each of the two
filter portions having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1092] Each filter element 4c, 5c is a hollow bore filter element
with a hollow, longitudinally extending bore. The diameter of the
bore in the upstream filter 4c is slightly larger than the diameter
of the bore in the terminal filter 5c having a diameter of 3 mm
compared to 2 mm for the terminal filter element 5c.
[1093] The cardboard spacer tube 6c and the upstream filter portion
4c are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3c.
[1094] The terminal filter element 5c is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7c. The tipping layer 7c encircles the terminal filter
portion and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it
overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6c.
[1095] FIG. 13 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1c' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the wrapping layer
3c does not completely circumscribe the cardboard spacer tube 6c
such that there is an annular gap 9c between the tipping layer 7c
and the cardboard spacer tube 6c downstream of the end of the
wrapping layer 3c.
[1096] FIG. 14 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10c comprising a rod-shaped heating element (not shown). The
heating element projects into a cavity 11c within the main body 12c
of the device.
[1097] The consumable 1c is inserted into the cavity 11c of the
main body 12c of the device 10c such that the heating rod
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2c. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2c is
effected by powering the heating element (e.g., with a rechargeable
battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated, moisture and
volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco and the
humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an airflow
generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter portion
5c.
[1098] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4c
and the cardboard spacer tube 6c, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
[1099] Fifth Mode of the Present Disclosure
[1100] As shown in FIG. 15, the HNB consumable 1d comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2d at the upstream end of the consumable
1d.
[1101] The aerosol-forming substrate 2d comprises a first, upstream
portion 13d of reconstituted tobacco spaced from a second,
downstream portion 14d of reconstituted tobacco by a cavity
15d.
[1102] The cavity 15d is filled with granules/chips/pellets of
extruded tobacco 16d.
[1103] The aerosol-forming substrate 2d is dosed with 20 wt % of a
humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable glycerine
(VG).
[1104] The aerosol-forming substrate 2d is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and each
of the two portions 13d, 14d of reconstituted tobacco has an axial
length of around 7 mm whilst the cavity 15d has an axial length of
around 6 mm.
[1105] The aerosol-forming substrate 2d is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3d.
[1106] The consumable 1d comprises an upstream filter element 4d
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5d. The two filter
elements 4d, 5d and spaced by a cardboard spacer tube 6d. Both
filter elements 4d, 5d are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1107] Both filter elements 4d, 5d have a substantially cylindrical
shape. The diameter of the upstream filter 4d matches the diameter
of the aerosol-forming substrate 2d. The diameter of the terminal
filter element 5d is slightly larger and matches the combined
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2d and the wrapping layer
3d. The upstream filter element 4d is slightly shorter in axial
length than the terminal filter element 5d at an axial length of 10
mm compared to 12 mm for the terminal filter element 5d.
[1108] The cardboard tube spacer 6d is longer than each of the two
filter portions having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1109] Each filter element 4d, 5d is a hollow bore filter element
with a hollow, longitudinally extending bore. The diameter of the
bore in the upstream filter 4d is slightly larger than the diameter
of the bore in the terminal filter 5d having a diameter of 3 mm
compared to 2 mm for the terminal filter element 5d.
[1110] The cardboard spacer tube 6d and the upstream filter portion
4d are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3d.
[1111] The terminal filter element 5d is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable 1d by a circumscribing paper
tipping layer 7d. The tipping layer 7d encircles the terminal
filter portion 5d and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that
it overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6d.
[1112] FIG. 16 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1d' which
is the same as that shown in FIG. 15 except that the cavity 15d
houses an additive carrier 17d which is a crushable capsule
(crush-ball) having a shell wall containing polypropylene glycol or
vegetable glycerine.
[1113] The terminal filter element 5d comprises a further crushable
capsule 8d (crush-ball) having a shell wall containing a liquid
menthol or cherry or vanilla flavourant. The capsule 8d is
spherical and has a diameter of 3.5 mm. It is positioned within the
axial centre of the terminal filter portion 5d. In other
embodiments (not shown), the capsule 8d can be omitted.
[1114] Furthermore, the capsule could be included in the terminal
filter portion 5d of the FIG. 15 embodiment.
[1115] FIG. 17 shows a third embodiment of a consumable 1d'' which
is the same as the first embodiment of FIG. 15 except that the
wrapping layer 3d does not completely circumscribe the cardboard
spacer tube 6d such that there is an annular gap 9d between the
tipping layer 7d and the cardboard spacer tube 6d downstream of the
end of the wrapping layer 3d. In the FIG. 17 embodiment, the
extruded tobacco 16d in the cavity 15d could be replaced with the
crushable capsule 17d of the FIG. 16 embodiment and/or the
crushable capsule 8d of the FIG. 16 may be included in the terminal
filter portion 5d.
[1116] FIG. 18 shows the first embodiment of FIG. 15 inserted into
an HNB device 10d comprising a rod-shaped heating element (not
shown). The heating element projects into a cavity 11d within the
main body 12d of the device 10d.
[1117] The consumable 1d may be inserted into the cavity 11d of the
main body 12d of the device 10d such that the heating rod
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2d.
[1118] Heating of the reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming
substrate 2d is effected by powering the heating element (e.g.,
with a rechargeable battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated,
moisture and volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco
and the humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an
airflow generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter
portion 5d. The additive carrier 17d and/or the crushable capsule
8d can be ruptured by pressure to modify the flavour and/or amount
of visible vapour during smoking of the consumable.
[1119] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4d
and the cardboard spacer tube 6d, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
[1120] Sixth Mode of the Present Disclosure
[1121] As shown in FIG. 19, the HNB consumable 1e comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2e at the upstream end of the consumable
1e.
[1122] The aerosol-forming substrate 2e comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1123] The aerosol-forming substrate 2e comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate 2e further comprises cellulose pulp
filler and guar gum binder.
[1124] The aerosol-forming substrate 2e is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable 1e
resembles a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm
and an axial length of around 12 mm.
[1125] The aerosol-forming substrate 2e is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3e.
[1126] The consumable 1e comprises an upstream filter element 4e
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5e. The two filter
elements 4e, 5e and spaced by a cardboard tube spacer 6e. Both
filter elements 4e, 5e are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1127] Both filter elements 4e, 5e have a substantially cylindrical
shape. The diameter of the upstream filter element 4e matches the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2e. The diameter of the
terminal filter element 5e is slightly larger and matches the
combined diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2e and the
wrapping layer 3e. The upstream filter element 4e is slightly
shorter in axial length than the terminal filter element 5e at an
axial length of 10 mm compared to 12 mm for the terminal filter
element 5e.
[1128] The cardboard tube spacer 6e is longer than each of the two
filter elements 4e, 5e having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1129] Each filter element 4e, 5e is a hollow bore filter element
with a hollow, longitudinally extending bore 7e, 8e. Although not
immediately apparent from the figure, the bore 7e of the upstream
filter element 4e has a generally circular transverse
cross-section, whilst the bore 8e of the terminal filter element 5e
has a non-circular transverse cross-section. This non-circular bore
8e, will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 23A
and 23B.
[1130] The cardboard tube spacer 6e and the upstream filter element
4e are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3e.
[1131] The terminal filter element 5e is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 9e. The tipping layer 9e encircles the terminal filter
element 5e and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it
overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6e.
[1132] FIG. 20 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1e' which
is the same as that shown in FIG. 19 except that the upstream
filter element 4e is a solid filter element and comprises a
crushable capsule 10e (crush-ball) having a shell wall containing a
liquid menthol or cherry or vanilla flavourant. The capsule 10e is
spherical and has a diameter of 3.5 mm. It is positioned within the
axial centre of the upstream filter element 4e.
[1133] FIG. 21 shows a third embodiment of a consumable 1e'' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the wrapping layer
3e does not completely circumscribe the cardboard tube spacer 6e
such that there is an annular gap 11e between the tipping layer 9e
and the cardboard tube spacer 6e downstream of the end of the
wrapping layer 3e.
[1134] FIG. 22 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 12e comprising a rod-shaped heating element 20e. The heating
element 20e projects into a cavity 13e within the main body 14e of
the device 12e.
[1135] The consumable 1e is inserted into the cavity 13e of the
main body 14e of the device 12e such that the heating rod 20e
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2e. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2e is
effected by powering the heating element 20e (e.g., with a
rechargeable battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated,
moisture and volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco
and the humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an
airflow generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter
element 5e.
[1136] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4e
and the cardboard tube spacer 6e, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
[1137] FIG. 23A is a perspective view of the first embodiment of
the consumable 1e of FIG. 19, with a portion of the wrapping layer
3e and tipping paper 9e cut away (i.e., for the purpose of showing
the internal structure). FIG. 23B is an end view of the first
embodiment. As is apparent from these figures, the bore 8e of the
terminal filter element 5e has a transverse cross-section that has
a central portion 15e and a plurality of lobes 16e extending
outwardly from the central portion 15e (i.e., so as to define a
generally asterisk-shaped cross-section).
[1138] FIG. 24 shows a further embodiment of a terminal filter 5e'.
This is the same as the previously described embodiments, except
that the bore 8e' of the terminal filter 5e' comprises a
heart-shaped transverse cross-section.
[1139] The embodiment of the terminal filter 5e'' shown in FIG. 25
comprises three bores 8e''. Each of the three bores 8e'' comprises
a transverse cross-section that is triangular in shape.
[1140] FIG. 26 shows an embodiment of a terminal filter 5e''' that
comprises four bores 8e''', 8e''''. In particular, the terminal
filter 5e''' comprises two bores 8e''' that each have a transverse
cross-section that is star-shaped, and two bores 8e'''' that each
have a transverse cross-section that is square-shaped.
Seventh Mode of the Disclosure
[1141] As shown in FIG. 27, the HNB consumable 1f comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2f at the upstream end of the consumable
1f.
[1142] The aerosol-forming substrate 2f comprises a first, axially
upstream rod portion 13f formed of reconstituted tobacco (e.g.,
gathered strips/shreds of reconstituted tobacco sheet) which is
axially adjacent a second, downstream rod portion 14f formed of an
extruded tobacco rod. In other embodiments, the rod-shaped
extrudate may be replaced with extruded tobacco
granules/pellets/chips formed into a rod-shaped.
[1143] The upstream portion 13f is dosed with 20 wt % of a
humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable glycerine (VG)
and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The upstream
portion 13f further comprises cellulose pulp filler and guar gum
binder.
[1144] The aerosol-forming substrate 2f is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and each
of the two rod portions 13f, 14f of reconstituted tobacco has an
axial length of around 7 mm.
[1145] The aerosol-forming substrate 2f is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3f.
[1146] The consumable 1f comprises an upstream filter element 4f
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5f. The two filter
elements 4f, 5f and spaced by a cardboard spacer tube 6f. Both
filter elements 4f, 5f are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1147] Both filter elements 4f, 5f have a substantially cylindrical
shape. The diameter of the upstream filter 4f matches the diameter
of the aerosol-forming substrate 2f. The diameter of the terminal
filter element 5f is slightly larger and matches the combined
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2f and the wrapping layer
3f. The upstream filter element 4f is slightly shorter in axial
length than the terminal filter element 5f at an axial length of 10
mm compared to 12 mm for the terminal filter element 5f.
[1148] The cardboard tube spacer 6f is longer than each of the two
filter portions 4f, 5f having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1149] Each filter element 4f, 5f is a hollow bore filter element
with a hollow, longitudinally extending bore. The diameter of the
bore in the upstream filter 4f is slightly larger than the diameter
of the bore in the terminal filter 5f having a diameter of 3 mm
compared to 2 mm for the terminal filter element 5f.
[1150] The cardboard spacer tube 6f and the upstream filter portion
4f are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3f.
[1151] The terminal filter element 5f is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7f. The tipping layer 7f encircles the terminal filter
portion 5f and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it
overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6f.
[1152] FIG. 28 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1f' which
is the same as that shown in FIG. 27 except that the reconstituted
tobacco is provided as a radially inner rod 13f' and the extruded
tobacco is provided as a radially outer tube 14f.
[1153] The terminal filter element 5f comprises a crushable capsule
8f (crush-ball) having a shell wall containing a liquid menthol or
cherry or vanilla flavourant. The capsule 8f is spherical and has a
diameter of 3.5 mm. It is positioned within the axial centre of the
terminal filter portion 5f. In other embodiments (not shown), the
capsule 8f can be omitted.
[1154] Furthermore, the capsule 8f could be included in the
terminal filter portion 5f of the FIG. 27 embodiment.
[1155] FIG. 29 shows a third embodiment of a consumable 1f'' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the wrapping layer
3f does not completely circumscribe the cardboard spacer tube 6f
such that there is an annular gap 9f between the tipping layer 7f
and the cardboard spacer tube 6f downstream of the end of the
wrapping layer 3f. Furthermore, the second, downstream portion 14f'
is provided as chips/granules/pellets of extruded tobacco. In the
FIG. 29 embodiment, the axially segregated rod portions 13f, 14r
could be replaced with the radially segregated rod/tube portions
13r, 14f of FIG. 28 or the chips/granules/pellets of extruded
tobacco in the second, downstream portion 14f could be replaced
with an extruded tobacco rod.
[1156] FIG. 30 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10f comprising a rod-shaped heating element (not shown). The
heating element projects into a cavity 11f within the main body 12f
of the device.
[1157] The consumable 1f is inserted into the cavity 11f of the
main body 12f of the device 10f such that the heating rod
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2f. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2f is
effected by powering the heating element (e.g., with a rechargeable
battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated, moisture and
volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco and the
humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an airflow
generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter portion
5f.
[1158] FIG. 31 shows the first embodiment inserted into a second
HNB device comprising two axially spaced and separately
controllable tubular heating elements 15f, 15r which surround the
cavity 11f. In this way the rod portions 13f, 14f can be heated at
different rates/temperatures.
[1159] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4f
and the cardboard spacer tube 6f, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
Eighth Mode of the Disclosure
[1160] As shown in FIG. 32, the HNB consumable 1g comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2g at the upstream end of the consumable
1g.
[1161] The aerosol-forming substrate 2g comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1162] The aerosol-forming substrate 2g comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate further comprises cellulose pulp filler
and guar gum binder.
[1163] The aerosol-forming substrate 2g is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm.
[1164] The aerosol-forming substrate 2g is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3g.
[1165] The consumable 1g comprises an upstream filter element 4g
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5. The two filter
elements 4g, 5g and spaced by a cardboard tube spacer 6g. The
upstream filter element 4g is formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1166] The terminal filter element 5g comprise an upstream filter
portion 5g' in the form of a hollow bore filter element and a
downstream filter portion 5g'' in the form of a solid filter
element. The upstream 5g' and downstream 5g'' filter portion are
located axially adjacent to one another and are joined by a paper
plug wrap (not shown). Both the upstream 5g' and downstream 5g''
filter portions are formed of cellulose acetate tow. Although not
apparent, the downstream filter portion 5g'' comprises an additive
in the form of a menthol flavourant. The axial length of each of
the filter portions 5g', 5g'' is around 6 mm, such that the axial
length of the terminal filter element 5g is around 12 mm.
[1167] Both filter elements 4g, 5g have a substantially cylindrical
shape. The diameter of the upstream filter element 4g matches the
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2g. The diameter of the
terminal filter element 5g is slightly larger and matches the
combined diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2g and the
wrapping layer 3g. The upstream filter element 4g is slightly
shorter in axial length than the terminal filter element 5g at an
axial length of 10 mm.
[1168] The cardboard tube spacer 6g is longer than each of the two
filter elements 4g, 5g having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1169] The upstream filter element 4g is a hollow bore filter
element (like the upstream portion 5g' of the terminal filter
element 5g) with a hollow, longitudinally extending bore. The
diameter of the bore in the upstream filter element 4g is slightly
larger than the diameter of the bore in the upstream filter portion
5g' of the terminal filter element 5g having a diameter of 3 mm
compared to 2 mm for the upstream filter portion 5g' of the
terminal filter element 5g.
[1170] The cardboard tube spacer 6g and the upstream filter element
4g are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3g.
[1171] The terminal filter element 5g is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7g tipping layer 7g (i.e., circumscribing the plug wrap
joining the filter portions 5g', 5b). The tipping layer 7g
encircles the terminal filter element 5g and has an axial length of
around 20 mm such that it overlays a portion of the cardboard tube
spacer 6g.
[1172] FIG. 33 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1g' which
is the same as that shown in FIG. 32 except that the downstream
filter portion 5g'' of the terminal filter element 5g comprises a
crushable capsule 8g (crush-ball) having a shell wall containing a
liquid menthol or cherry or vanilla flavourant. The capsule 8g is
spherical and has a diameter of 3.5 mm. It is positioned within the
axial centre of the downstream filter portion 5g'' of the terminal
filter element 5g.
[1173] FIG. 34 shows a third embodiment of a consumable 1g'' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the upstream filter
portion 5g' is a solid filter element and the downstream filter
portion 5g'' is a hollow bore filter element (i.e., the arrangement
is reversed from the previously described embodiments).
Furthermore, the wrapping layer 3g does not completely circumscribe
the cardboard tube spacer 6g such that there is an annular gap 9g
between the tipping layer 7g and the cardboard tube spacer 6g
downstream of the end of the wrapping layer 3g.
[1174] FIG. 35 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 11g comprising a rod-shaped heating element 20g. The heating
element 20g projects into a cavity 12g within the main body 13g of
the device.
[1175] The consumable 1g is inserted into the cavity 12g of the
main body 13g of the device 11g such that the heating rod 20g
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2g. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2g is
effected by powering the heating element (e.g., with a rechargeable
battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated, moisture and
volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco and the
humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an airflow
generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter element
5g.
[1176] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4g
and the cardboard tube spacer 6g, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
Ninth Mode of the Disclosure
[1177] As shown in FIG. 36, the HNB consumable 1h comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2h at the upstream end of the consumable
1h.
[1178] The aerosol-forming substrate 2h comprises a rod-shaped
extrudate of tobacco and is dosed with 20 wt % of a humectant such
as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable glycerine (VG).
[1179] The aerosol-forming substrate 2h is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm. The extrudate comprises an axial bore
13h which has its axial upstream end at the axial upstream end of
the aerosol-forming substrate 2h. The axial bore 13h extends the
entire length of the extrudate and thus has an axial length of 12
mm. It has a bore diameter of around 2 mm.
[1180] The aerosol-forming substrate 2h is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3h.
[1181] The consumable 1h comprises an upstream filter element 4h
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5h. The two filter
elements 4h, 5h and spaced by a cardboard spacer tube 6h. Both
filter elements 4h, 5h are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1182] Both filter elements 4h, 5h have a substantially cylindrical
shape. The diameter of the upstream filter 4h matches the diameter
of the aerosol-forming substrate 2h. The diameter of the terminal
filter element 5h is slightly larger and matches the combined
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2h and the wrapping layer
3h. The upstream filter element 4h is slightly shorter in axial
length than the terminal filter element 5h at an axial length of 10
mm compared to 12 mm for the terminal filter element 5h.
[1183] The cardboard tube spacer 6h is longer than each of the two
filter portions 4h, 5h having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1184] Each filter element 4h, 5h is a hollow bore filter element
with a hollow, longitudinally extending bore. The diameter of the
bore in the upstream filter 4h is slightly larger than the diameter
of the bore in the terminal filter 5h having a diameter of 3 mm
compared to 2 mm for the terminal filter element 5h.
[1185] The cardboard spacer tube 6h and the upstream filter portion
4h are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3h.
[1186] The terminal filter element 5h is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7h. The tipping layer 7h encircles the terminal filter
portion and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it
overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6h.
[1187] FIG. 37 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1h' which
is the same as that shown in FIG. 36 except that the terminal
filter element 5h is a solid filter element and comprises a
crushable capsule 8h (crush-ball) having a shell wall containing a
liquid menthol or cherry or vanilla flavourant. The capsule 8h is
spherical and has a diameter of 3.5 mm. It is positioned within the
axial centre of the terminal filter portion 5h. The capsule 8h may
be omitted from the FIG. 37 embodiment and may be included in the
FIG. 36 embodiment. In the second embodiment, the axial bore 13h
does not extend the entire length of the substrate 2h.
[1188] FIG. 38 shows a third embodiment of a consumable 1h'' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the wrapping layer
3h does not completely circumscribe the cardboard spacer tube 6h
such that there is an annular gap 9h between the tipping layer 7h
and the cardboard spacer tube 6h downstream of the end of the
wrapping layer 3h. Furthermore, the substrate 2h does not include
an axial bore.
[1189] FIG. 39 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10h comprising a rod-shaped heating element 20h. The heating
element projects into a cavity 11h within the main body 12h of the
device.
[1190] The consumable 1h is inserted into the cavity 11h of the
main body 12h of the device 10h such that the heating rod 20h is
received in the axial bore 13h of the aerosol-forming substrate 2h.
Heating of the reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming
substrate 2h is effected by powering the heating element (e.g.,
with a rechargeable battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated,
moisture and volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco
and the humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an
airflow generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter
portion 5h.
[1191] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4h
and the cardboard spacer tube 6h, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
Tenth Mode of the Disclosure
[1192] As shown in FIG. 40, the HNB consumable 1i comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2i at the upstream end of the consumable
1i.
[1193] The aerosol-forming substrate 2i comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1194] The aerosol-forming substrate 2i comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate 2i further comprises cellulose pulp
filler and guar gum binder.
[1195] The aerosol-forming substrate 2i is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm.
[1196] The aerosol-forming substrate 2i is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3i.
[1197] The consumable 1i comprises an upstream filter element 4i
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5i. The two filter
elements 4i, 5i are spaced by a cardboard tube spacer 6i. Both
filter elements 4i, 5i are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1198] Both filter elements 4i, 5i have a substantially cylindrical
shape. The diameter of the upstream filter 4i matches the diameter
of the aerosol-forming substrate 2i. The diameter of the terminal
filter element 5i is slightly larger and matches the combined
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2i and the wrapping layer
3i. The upstream filter element 4i is slightly shorter in axial
length than the terminal filter element 5i at an axial length of 10
mm compared to 12 mm for the terminal filter element 5i.
[1199] The terminal filter element 5i is made up of two axially
abutting filter portions 5i' and Si". The terminal portion 5i' is a
solid cellulose acetate tow filter portion. The upstream filter
portion 5i" of the terminal filter element 5i is a cellulose
acetate tow filter portion defining a hollow, longitudinally
(axially) extending bore.
[1200] The cardboard tube spacer 6i is longer than each of the two
filter elements 4i, 5i having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1201] The diameter of the bore in the filter portion 4i is
slightly larger than the diameter of the bore in the portion 5i' of
the terminal filter element 5i having a diameter of 3 mm compared
to 2 mm for the terminal filter element portion 5i''.
[1202] The cardboard tube spacer 6i and the upstream filter element
4i are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3i.
[1203] The terminal filter element 5i is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7i. The tipping layer 7i encircles the terminal filter
element 5i and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it
overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6i.
[1204] A region of weakness 7i' is provided in the paper tipping
layer 7i, consisting of an annular array of perforations in the
paper tipping layer 7i which circumscribes the terminal filter
element 5i. The region of weakness 7i' directly overlies the
junction between the two filter portions 5i' and 5i''.
[1205] Either before or during use, should the user require an
increased intensity (lower level of filtration), force may be
applied to the terminal filter portion 5i' to break the region of
weakness 7i' and separate the two filter portions 5i', 5i'' of the
terminal filter element 5i. The terminal filter portion 5i' may
then be disposed of, for example into a waste bin or recycling.
[1206] FIG. 41 shows the consumable of FIG. 40 after removal of the
terminal portion 5i' of the terminal filter element 5i. The
terminal filter element 55 now consists only of the hollow bore
filter portion 5i' which provides a reduced level of filtration
relative to the longer terminal filter element 5i of FIG. 40. The
reduced level of filtration is provided by both the reduced overall
axial length of the terminal filter element 5i, and further
reduction is provided by the fact that portion 5i'' includes the
hollow bore. In alternative embodiments, filter portion 5i'' may be
a solid filter and the reduction in level of filtration will be
provided simply by the reduction in overall axial length of the
terminal filter element after breakage.
[1207] FIG. 42 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1i' which
is the same as that shown in FIG. 40 except that both filter
portions 5i', 5i'' of the terminal filter element 5i are solid
filter portions and the upstream filter portion 5i'' comprises a
crushable capsule 8i (crush-ball) having a shell wall containing a
liquid menthol or cherry or vanilla flavourant. The capsule 8i is
spherical and has a diameter of 3.5 mm. It is positioned within the
axial centre of the upstream filter portion 5i''.
[1208] During use the user may apply pressure to the capsule 8i to
break the capsule and release the flavourant. The flavour can be
provided whether or not the user decides to break off the terminal
filter portion 5i' due to the location of the capsule within the
other filter portion 5i''.
[1209] FIG. 43 shows a third embodiment of a consumable 1i'' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the wrapping layer
3i does not completely circumscribe the cardboard tube spacer 6i
such that there is an annular gap 9i between the tipping layer 7i
and the cardboard tube spacer 6i downstream of the end of the
wrapping layer 3i.
[1210] FIG. 44 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10i comprising a rod-shaped heating element 20i. The heating
element 20i projects into a cavity 11i within the main body 12i of
the device 10i.
[1211] The consumable 1i is inserted into the cavity 11i of the
main body 12i of the device 10i such that the heating rod 20i
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2i. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2i is
effected by powering the heating element (e.g., with a rechargeable
battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated, moisture and
volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco and the
humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an airflow
generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter element
5i.
[1212] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4i
and the cardboard tube spacer 6i, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
Eleventh Mode of the Disclosure
[1213] As shown in FIG. 45, the HNB consumable 1j comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2j at the upstream end of the consumable
1j.
[1214] The aerosol-forming substrate 2j comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1215] The aerosol-forming substrate 2j comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate further comprises cellulose pulp filler
and guar gum binder.
[1216] The aerosol-forming substrate 2j is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm.
[1217] The aerosol-forming substrate 2j is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3j.
[1218] The consumable 1j comprises an upstream filter element 4j
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5j. The two filter
elements 4j, 5j and spaced by a cardboard tube spacer 6j. Both
filter elements 4j, 5j are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1219] Both filter elements 4j, 5j have a substantially cylindrical
shape. The diameter of the upstream filter 4j matches the diameter
of the aerosol-forming substrate 2j. The diameter of the terminal
filter element 5j is slightly larger and matches the combined
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2j and the wrapping layer
3j. The upstream filter element 4j is shorter in axial length than
the terminal filter element 5j at an axial length of 10 mm compared
to 12 mm for the terminal filter element 5j.
[1220] The cardboard tube spacer 6j is longer than each of the two
filter elements 4j, 5j having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1221] Each filter element 4j, 5j is a hollow bore filter element
with a hollow, longitudinally extending bore. The diameter of the
bore in the upstream filter element 4j is slightly larger than the
diameter of the bore in the terminal filter element 5j having a
diameter of 3 mm compared to 2 mm for the terminal filter element
5j. The porosity of the upstream filter element 4j is greater than
the porosity of the terminal filter element 5j.
[1222] The cardboard tube spacer 6j and the upstream filter element
4j are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3j.
[1223] The terminal filter element 5j is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable 1j by a circumscribing paper
tipping layer 7j. The tipping layer 7j encircles the terminal
filter element 5j and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that
it overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6j.
[1224] FIG. 46 shows a third embodiment of a consumable 1j'' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the wrapping layer
3j does not completely circumscribe the cardboard tube spacer 6j
such that there is an annular gap 9j between the tipping layer 7j
and the cardboard tube spacer 6j downstream of the end of the
wrapping layer 3j.
[1225] FIG. 47 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10j comprising a rod-shaped heating element 20j. The heating
element 20j projects into a cavity 11j within the main body 12j of
the device.
[1226] The consumable 1j is inserted into the cavity 11j of the
main body 12j of the device 10j such that the heating rod 20j
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2j. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2j is
effected by powering the heating element (e.g., with a rechargeable
battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated, moisture and
volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco and the
humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an airflow
generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter element
5j.
[1227] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4j
and the cardboard tube spacer 6j, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
[1228] Providing a shorter upstream filter element 4j results in a
greater concentration of nicotine at the terminal filter element 5j
because there is less condensation of the nicotine on the upstream
filter element 4j. The vapour containing an increased concentration
of nicotine vapour can then pass unimpeded through the hollow bore
filter of the terminal filter element 5j and the extended length
(relative to the upstream filter element 4j) provide an increased
opportunity for mixing of the components (e.g., nicotine and
humectant) within the bore of the terminal filter element 5j. The
increased density of the terminal filter element 5j also helps
increase flow and therefore mixing of the aerosol/vapour within the
bore of the terminal filter element 5j.
Twelfth Mode of the Disclosure
[1229] As shown in FIG. 48, the HNB consumable 1k comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2k at the upstream end of the consumable
1k.
[1230] The aerosol-forming substrate 2k comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1231] The aerosol-forming substrate 2k comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate 2k further comprises cellulose pulp
filler and guar gum binder.
[1232] The aerosol-forming substrate 2k is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm.
[1233] The aerosol-forming substrate 2k is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3k.
[1234] The consumable 1k comprises an upstream filter element 4k
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5k. The two filter
elements 4k, 5k and spaced by a cardboard tube spacer 6k. Both
filter elements 4k, 5k are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1235] Both filter elements 4k, 5k have a substantially cylindrical
shape. The diameter of the upstream filter 4k matches the diameter
of the aerosol-forming substrate 2k. The diameter of the terminal
filter element 5k is slightly larger and matches the combined
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2k and the wrapping layer
3k. The upstream filter element 4k is shorter in axial length than
the terminal filter element 5k at an axial length of 10 mm compared
to 12 mm for the terminal filter element 5k.
[1236] The cardboard tube spacer 6k is longer than each of the two
filter elements 4k, 5k having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1237] Each filter element 4k, 5k is a hollow bore filter element
with a respective hollow, longitudinally extending bore 4k', 5k'.
The diameter of the bore 4k' in the upstream filter element 4k is
larger than the diameter of the bore 5k' in the terminal filter
element 5k having a diameter of 3 mm compared to 2 mm for the
terminal filter element 5k. The porosity of the upstream filter
element 4k is greater than the porosity of the terminal filter
element 5k.
[1238] The cardboard tube spacer 6k and the upstream filter element
4k are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3k.
[1239] The terminal filter element 5k is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7k. The tipping layer 7k encircles the terminal filter
element 5k and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it
overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6k.
[1240] FIG. 49 shows a third embodiment of a consumable 1k'' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the wrapping layer
3k does not completely circumscribe the cardboard tube spacer 6k
such that there is an annular gap 9k between the tipping layer 7k
and the cardboard tube spacer 6k downstream of the end of the
wrapping layer 3k.
[1241] FIG. 50 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10k comprising a rod-shaped heating element 20k. The heating
element 20k projects into a cavity 11k within the main body 12k of
the device.
[1242] The consumable 1k is inserted into the cavity 11k of the
main body 12k of the device 10k such that the heating rod 20k
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2k. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2k is
effected by powering the heating element (e.g., with a rechargeable
battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated, moisture and
volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco and the
humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an airflow
generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter element
5k.
[1243] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4k
and the cardboard tube spacer 6k, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
[1244] By providing a terminal filter element 5k with a bore 5k'
having a reduced bore diameter (compared to the bore 4k' in the
upstream hollow bore filter element 4k), a greater mixing effect is
achieved within the terminal hollow bore filter element 5k as all
of the components of the vapour/aerosol are forced to co-locate
within the more restricted hollow bore 5k'. The increased length of
the terminal hollow bore filter 5k also provides for good mixing
(within the bore) of the vapour components.
[1245] The increased density of the terminal filter element 5k also
helps increase flow and therefore mixing of the aerosol/vapour
within the bore 5k' of the terminal filter element 5k.
Thirteenth Mode of the Disclosure
[1246] As shown in FIG. 51, the HNB consumable 1m comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2m at the upstream end of the consumable
1m.
[1247] The aerosol-forming substrate 2m comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1248] The aerosol-forming substrate 2m comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate further comprises cellulose pulp filler
and guar gum binder.
[1249] The aerosol-forming substrate 2m is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm.
[1250] The aerosol-forming substrate 2m is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3m.
[1251] The consumable 1m comprises an upstream filter element 4m
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5m. The two filter
elements 4m, 5m and spaced by a cardboard tube spacer 6m. Both
filter elements 4m, 5m are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1252] Both filter elements 4m, 5m have a substantially cylindrical
shape. The diameter of the upstream filter 4m matches the diameter
of the aerosol-forming substrate 2m. The diameter of the terminal
filter element 5m is slightly larger and matches the combined
diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2m and the wrapping layer
3m. The upstream filter element 4m is shorter in axial length than
the terminal filter element 5m at an axial length of 10 mm compared
to 12 mm for the terminal filter element 5m.
[1253] The cardboard tube spacer 6m is longer than each of the two
filter elements 4m, 5m having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1254] Each filter element 4m, 5m is a hollow bore filter element
with a hollow, longitudinally extending bore. The diameter of the
bore in the upstream filter element 4m is slightly larger than the
diameter of the bore in the terminal filter element 5m having a
diameter of 3 mm compared to 2 mm for the terminal filter element
5m. The porosity of the upstream filter element 4m is greater than
the porosity of the terminal filter element 5m.
[1255] The cardboard tube spacer 6m and the upstream filter element
4m are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3m.
[1256] The terminal filter element 5m is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7m. The tipping layer 7m encircles the terminal filter
element 5m and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it
overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6m.
[1257] The terminal filter element 5m has a greater hardness (95%)
than the upstream filter element 4m hardness (90%).
[1258] FIG. 52 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1m' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the wrapping layer
3m does not completely circumscribe the cardboard tube spacer 6m
such that there is an annular gap 9m between the tipping layer 7m
and the cardboard tube spacer 6m downstream of the end of the
wrapping layer 3m.
[1259] FIG. 53 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10m comprising a rod-shaped heating element 20m. The heating
element 20m projects into a cavity 11m within the main body 12m of
the device 10m.
[1260] The consumable inn is inserted into the cavity 11m of the
main body 12m of the device 10m such that the heating rod 20m
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2m. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2m is
effected by powering the heating element 20m (e.g., with a
rechargeable battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated,
moisture and volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco
and the humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an
airflow generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter
element 5m.
[1261] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4m
and the cardboard tube spacer 6m, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
[1262] Providing a harder terminal filter element 5m than the
upstream filter element 4m increases the flow and mixing of the
vapour/aerosol within the hollow bore of the terminal filter
element 5m. The increased hardness/reduced porosity of the terminal
filter element 5m forces the aerosol/vapour to enter the axial bore
through the terminal filter element 5m (since the passage through
the body of the terminal filter element 5m is impeded) and this
forces the components within the vapour/aerosol to co-locate within
the bore thus increasing mixing. Furthermore, the increased
hardness of the terminal filter element 5m may reduce the need for
filter plasticisers at the downstream (mouth) end of the article.
The less hard/less dense upstream filter element 4m allows a
greater passage of aerosol/vapour through the body of the upstream
filer element thus filtering out harmful particulate matter prior
to its delivery at the axial bore of the terminal filter element
5m. Furthermore, the hardness of the two filter elements 4m, 5m can
be used to tailor the RTD of the consumable 1m.
Fourteenth Mode of the Disclosure
[1263] As shown in FIG. 54, the HNB consumable 1n comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2n at the upstream end of the consumable
1n.
[1264] The aerosol-forming substrate comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1265] The aerosol-forming substrate 2n comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate further comprises cellulose pulp filler
and guar gum binder.
[1266] The aerosol-forming substrate 2n is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm.
[1267] The aerosol-forming substrate 2n is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3n.
[1268] The consumable 1n comprises an upstream filter element 4n
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5n. The two filter
elements 4n, 5n and spaced by a cardboard tube spacer 6n. Both
filter elements 4n, 5n are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1269] Both filter elements have a substantially cylindrical shape.
The diameter of the upstream filter 4n matches the diameter of the
aerosol-forming substrate 2n. The diameter of the terminal filter
element 5n is slightly larger and matches the combined diameter of
the aerosol-forming substrate 2n and the wrapping layer 3n. The
upstream filter element is slightly shorter in axial length than
the terminal filter element at an axial length of 10 mm compared to
12 mm for the terminal filter element.
[1270] The cardboard tube spacer is longer than each of the two
filter elements having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1271] Both filter elements 4n, 5n are hollow bore filter elements
with a hollow, longitudinally-extending axial bore. The diameter of
the axial bore in the upstream filter 4n is slightly larger than
the diameter of the axial bore in the terminal filter element 5n
having a diameter of 3 mm compared to 2 mm for the terminal filter
element.
[1272] The cardboard tube spacer 6n and the upstream filter element
4n are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3n.
[1273] The terminal filter element 5n is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7n. The tipping layer 7n encircles the terminal filter
element 5n and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it
overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6n.
[1274] A plurality of radial air flow paths are provided by a first
circumferentially-extending row of ventilation holes 13', 13'' and
an axially spaced second circumferentially-extending row of
ventilation holes 14', 14'' in the wrapping layer 3n which are
circumferentially arranged around the aerosol-forming substrate
2n.
[1275] FIG. 55 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1n' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the upstream filter
element 4n' is a solid filter element and incudes a crushball 8n
which contains a flavourant.
[1276] FIG. 56 shows a third embodiment of a consumable 1n'' which
is the same as the first embodiment except that the wrapping layer
3n does not completely circumscribe the cardboard tube spacer 6n
such that there is an annular gap 9n between the tipping layer 7n
and the cardboard tube spacer 6n downstream of the end of the
wrapping layer 3n.
[1277] FIG. 57 shows the first embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10n comprising a rod-shaped heating element 20n. The heating
element 20n projects into a cavity 11n within the main body 12n of
the device 10n.
[1278] The consumable 1n is inserted into the cavity 11n of the
main body 12n of the device 10n such that the heating rod 20n
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2n. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2n is
effected by powering the heating element (e.g., with a rechargeable
battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated, moisture and
volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco and the
humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an airflow
generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter element
5n.
[1279] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4n
and the cardboard tube spacer 6n, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
[1280] Inhalation by the user also draws in air along the radial
flow paths through the ventilation holes 13', 13'', 14', 14''. This
air helps to vaporise the nicotine and humectants within the
aerosol-forming substrate to increase the volume of vapour and the
TPM.
Fifteenth Mode of the Disclosure
[1281] As shown in FIG. 58, the HNB consumable 1p comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2p at the upstream end of the consumable
1p.
[1282] The aerosol-forming substrate 2p comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1283] The aerosol-forming substrate 2p comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate further comprises cellulose pulp filler
and guar gum binder.
[1284] The aerosol-forming substrate 2p is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm.
[1285] The aerosol-forming substrate 2p is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3p.
[1286] The consumable 1p comprises an upstream filter element 4p
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5p. The two filter
elements 4p, 5p are spaced by a cardboard spacer tube 6p. Both
filter elements 4p, 5p are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1287] Terminal filter element 5p comprises an upstream filter
portion 5p' and a downstream filter portion 5p'' that sandwiches
adsorbent additive 14p.
[1288] All filter elements/portions have a substantially
cylindrical shape. The diameter of the upstream filter 4p matches
the diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate 2p. The diameter of
the terminal filter element 5p/terminal filter portions 5p', 5p''
is slightly larger and matches the combined diameter of the
aerosol-forming substrate 2p and the wrapping layer 3p. The
upstream filter element 4p is slightly shorter in axial length than
the terminal filter element 5p at an axial length of 10 mm compared
to 12 mm for the terminal filter element 5p.
[1289] The cardboard tube spacer 6p is longer than each of the two
filter elements 4p, 5p having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1290] Upstream filter element 4p, upstream filter portion 5p' and
downstream filter portion 5p'' (forming the terminal filter element
5pp) are each a hollow bore filter element with a hollow,
longitudinally extending bore. The diameter of the bore in the
upstream filter element 4p is slightly larger than the diameter of
the bore in the terminal filter element 5p having a diameter of 3
mm compared to 2 mm for the terminal filter element 5p.
[1291] The cardboard spacer tube 6p and the upstream filter element
4p are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3p.
[1292] The terminal filter element 5p is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7p. The tipping layer 7p encircles the terminal filter
portion and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it
overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6p.
[1293] FIG. 59 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1p which
is the same as that shown in FIG. 58 except that filter element 5p
is impregnated with additive adsorbent 14p throughout its entirety.
Furthermore, the terminal filter element 5p is a solid filter
element and comprises a crushable capsule 8p (crush-ball) having a
shell wall containing a liquid menthol or cherry or vanilla
flavourant. The capsule 8p is spherical and has a diameter of 3.5
mm. It is positioned within the axial centre of the terminal filter
portion 5p.
[1294] FIG. 60 shows a third embodiment of a consumable 1p which is
the same as the first embodiment except that filter element 5p is
impregnated with additive adsorbent 14p in an axially central
portion that accounts for just under a third of the volume of
filter element 5p. Furthermore, the wrapping layer 3p does not
completely circumscribe the cardboard spacer tube 6p such that
there is an annular gap 9p between the tipping layer 7p and the
cardboard spacer tube 6p downstream of the end of the wrapping
layer 3p.
[1295] FIG. 61 shows a fourth embodiment of the consumable 1p
inserted into an HNB device 10p comprising a rod-shaped heating
element 20p. The fourth embodiment is the same as the first
embodiment except that the additive adsorbent 14p is in the form of
pellets that are evenly distributed within the terminal filter
element 5p. The heating element projects into a cavity 11p within
the main body 12p of the device 10p.
[1296] The consumable 1p is inserted into the cavity 11p of the
main body 12p of the device 10p such that the heating rod 20p
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2p. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2p is
effected by powering the heating element (e.g., with a rechargeable
battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated, moisture and
volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco and the
humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an airflow
generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter portion
5p.
[1297] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4p
and the cardboard spacer tube 6p, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user. The
absorbent additive 14p within the terminal filter element 5pp
removes hazardous substances from the aerosol as it passes through
the terminal filter element 5p. In particular, the adsorbent
additive 14 removes tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) from the
aerosol.
[1298] Turning now to consider FIG. 62, a fifth embodiment of a HNB
consumable 1p comprises an aerosol-forming substrate 2p at the
upstream end of the consumable 1p.
[1299] The aerosol-forming substrate comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1300] The aerosol-forming substrate 2p comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate further comprises cellulose pulp filler
and guar gum binder.
[1301] The aerosol-forming substrate 2p is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm.
[1302] The aerosol-forming substrate 2p is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3p.
[1303] The consumable 1p comprises an upstream filter element 4p
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5p.
[1304] The two filter elements 4p, 5 are spaced by a cardboard tube
spacer 6p. Both filter elements 4p, 5 are formed of cellulose
acetate tow and wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not
shown).
[1305] Both filter elements have a substantially cylindrical shape.
The diameter of the upstream filter 4p matches the diameter of the
aerosol-forming substrate 2p. The diameter of the terminal filter
element 5p is slightly larger and matches the combined diameter of
the aerosol-forming substrate 2p and the wrapping layer 3p.
[1306] The upstream filter element is slightly shorter in axial
length than the terminal filter element at an axial length of 10 mm
compared to 12 mm for the terminal filter element. The cardboard
tube spacer 6p is longer than each of the two filter portions
having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1307] Each filter element 4p, 5p is a hollow bore filter element
with a hollow, longitudinally extending bore. The diameter of the
bore in the upstream filter is slightly larger than the diameter of
the bore in the terminal filter having a diameter of 3 mm compared
to 2 mm for the terminal filter element.
[1308] The terminal filter element 5p is impregnated with
water.
[1309] The cardboard tube spacer 6p and the upstream filter portion
4p are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3p.
[1310] The terminal filter element 5p is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7p. The tipping layer 7p encircles the terminal filter
portion and has an axial length of around 20 mm such that it
overlays a portion of the cardboard tube spacer 6p.
[1311] FIG. 63 shows a sixth embodiment of a consumable 1p which is
the same as that shown in FIG. 62 except that the terminal filter
element 5p is a solid filter element and comprises a crushable
capsule 8p (crush-ball) having a shell wall containing water. The
capsule 8p is spherical and has a diameter of 3.5 mm. It is
positioned within the axial centre of the terminal filter portion
5p.
[1312] FIG. 64 shows a seventh embodiment of a consumable 1p which
is the same as the fifth embodiment except that the upstream filter
element 4p is impregnated with water. Furthermore, the wrapping
layer 3p does not completely circumscribe the cardboard tube spacer
6p such that there is an annular gap 9p between the tipping layer
7p and the cardboard tube spacer 6p downstream of the end of the
wrapping layer 3p.
[1313] FIG. 65 shows the fifth embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10p comprising a rod-shaped heating element 20p. The heating
element 20p projects into a cavity 11p within the main body 12p of
the device 10p.
[1314] The consumable 1p is inserted into the cavity 11p of the
main body 12p of the device 10p such that the heating rod 20p
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2p. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2p is
effected by powering the heating element 20p (e.g., with a
rechargeable battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated,
moisture and volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco
and the humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an
airflow generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter
portion 5p.
[1315] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4p
and the cardboard tube spacer 6p, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user. The
aerosol passes through the terminal filter element 5p where TSNA
compounds are absorbed by the water contained within the terminal
filter element.
Sixteenth Mode of the Disclosure
[1316] As shown in FIG. 66, the HNB consumable 1q comprises an
aerosol-forming substrate 2q at the upstream end of the consumable
1q.
[1317] The aerosol-forming substrate 2q comprises reconstituted
tobacco which includes nicotine as a volatile compound.
[1318] The aerosol-forming substrate 2q comprises 65 wt % tobacco
which is provided in the form of gathered shreds produced from a
sheet of slurry/paper recon tobacco. The tobacco is dosed with 20
wt % of a humectant such as propylene glycol (PG) or vegetable
glycerine (VG) and has a moisture content of between 7-9 wt %. The
aerosol-forming substrate further comprises cellulose pulp filler
and guar gum binder.
[1319] The aerosol-forming substrate 2q is formed in a
substantially cylindrical shape such that the consumable resembles
a conventional cigarette. It has diameter of around 7 mm and an
axial length of around 12 mm.
[1320] The aerosol-forming substrate 2q is circumscribed by a paper
wrapping layer 3q.
[1321] The consumable 1q comprises an upstream filter element 4q
and a downstream (terminal) filter element 5q. The two filter
elements 4q, 5q and spaced by a cardboard tube spacer 6q. Both
filter elements 4q, 5q are formed of cellulose acetate tow and
wrapped with a respective paper plug layer (not shown).
[1322] Both filter elements 4q, 5q have a substantially cylindrical
shape. The diameter of the upstream filter 4q matches the diameter
of the aerosol-forming substrate 2q. The upstream filter element 4q
is slightly shorter in axial length than the terminal filter
element 5q at an axial length of 10 mm compared to 12 mm for the
terminal filter element 5q.
[1323] The cardboard tube spacer 6q is longer than each of the two
filter elements 4q, 5q having an axial length of around 14 mm.
[1324] Each filter element 4q, 5q is a hollow bore filter element
with a hollow, longitudinally extending bore. The diameter of the
bore in the upstream filter 4q is slightly larger than the diameter
of the bore in the terminal filter 5q having a diameter of 3 mm
compared to 2 mm for the terminal filter element 5q.
[1325] The cardboard tube spacer 6q and the upstream filter element
4q are circumscribed by the wrapping layer 3q.
[1326] The terminal filter element 5q has a corrugated outer
surface comprising a series of longitudinally-extending channels
10q. The terminal filter element 5q is circumscribed by a paper
sleeve 9q which lies against the peaks of the corrugations on the
outer surface of the terminal filter element 5q but leaves the
longitudinally-extending channels 10q unimpeded.
[1327] The terminal filter element 5q is joined to the upstream
elements forming the consumable by a circumscribing paper tipping
layer 7q. The tipping layer 7q encircles the terminal filter
element 5q (and the paper sleeve 9q) and has an axial length of
around 20 mm such that it overlays a portion of the cardboard tube
spacer 6q.
[1328] FIG. 67 shows a second embodiment of a consumable 1q' which
is the same as that shown in FIG. 66 except that the terminal
filter element 5q is a solid filter element and comprises a
longitudinally-extending thread 8q soaked with a liquid menthol or
cherry or vanilla flavourant. It is positioned along the axial
centre of the terminal filter element 5q.
[1329] FIG. 68 shows an exploded view of the terminal filter
element 5q comprising its plug wrap 11q which has corrugations
matching those in the corrugated outer surface 12q of the terminal
filter element 5q. The paper sleeve 9q overlays the outer surface
12q and plug wrap 11q and rests against the peaks in the
corrugations leaving the longitudinally-extending channels 10q
unimpeded. The tipping layer 7q circumscribes the paper sleeve
9q.
[1330] FIG. 69 shows the second embodiment inserted into an HNB
device 10q comprising a rod-shaped heating element 20q. The heating
element 20q projects into a cavity 11q within the main body 12q of
the device 10q.
[1331] The consumable 1q is inserted into the cavity 11q of the
main body 12q of the device 10q such that the heating rod 20q
penetrates the aerosol-forming substrate 2q. Heating of the
reconstituted tobacco in the aerosol-forming substrate 2q is
effected by powering the heating element (e.g., with a rechargeable
battery (not shown)). As the tobacco is heated, moisture and
volatile compound (e.g., nicotine) within the tobacco and the
humectant are released as a vapour and entrained within an airflow
generated by inhalation by the user at the terminal filter element
5q.
[1332] As the vapour cools within the upstream filter element 4q
and the cardboard tube spacer 6q, it condenses to form an aerosol
containing the volatile compounds for inhalation by the user.
[1333] Some of the aerosol passes through the terminal filter
element 5q where it is flavoured by the flavourant-soaked thread
8q. The remainder of the aerosol passes unimpeded through the
longitudinal channels 10q in the outer surface of the filter
element 5q thus increasing the visible vapour at the downstream
axial end (mouth-end) of the consumable 1q.
[1334] The features disclosed in the foregoing description, or in
the following claims, or in the accompanying drawings, expressed in
their specific forms or in terms of a means for performing the
disclosed function, or a method or process for obtaining the
disclosed results, as appropriate, may, separately, or in any
combination of such features, be utilised for realising the
invention in diverse forms thereof.
[1335] While the invention has been described in conjunction with
the exemplary embodiments described above, many equivalent
modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in
the art when given this disclosure. Accordingly, the exemplary
embodiments of the invention set forth above are considered to be
illustrative and not limiting. Various changes to the described
embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the
invention.
[1336] For the avoidance of any doubt, any theoretical explanations
provided herein are provided for the purposes of improving the
understanding of a reader. The inventors do not wish to be bound by
any of these theoretical explanations.
[1337] Any section headings used herein are for organizational
purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the subject
matter described.
[1338] Throughout this specification, including the claims which
follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the words "have",
"comprise", and "include", and variations such as "having",
"comprises", "comprising", and "including" will be understood to
imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of
integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or
step or group of integers or steps.
[1339] It must be noted that, as used in the specification and the
appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include
plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
Ranges may be expressed herein as from "about" one particular
value, and/or to "about" another particular value. When such a
range is expressed, another embodiment includes from the one
particular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly,
when values are expressed as approximations, by the use of the
antecedent "about," it will be understood that the particular value
forms another embodiment. The term "about" in relation to a
numerical value is optional and means, for example, +/-10%.
[1340] The words "preferred" and "preferably" are used herein refer
to embodiments of the invention that may provide certain benefits
under some circumstances. It is to be appreciated, however, that
other embodiments may also be preferred under the same or different
circumstances. The recitation of one or more preferred embodiments
therefore does not mean or imply that other embodiments are not
useful, and is not intended to exclude other embodiments from the
scope of the disclosure, or from the scope of the claims.
* * * * *