U.S. patent application number 17/237097 was filed with the patent office on 2021-08-05 for apparatuses and methods for making absorbent articles with low intensity side seam regions.
The applicant listed for this patent is The Procter & Gamble Company. Invention is credited to Linda Ann SAUER, Jason Ashley WAGNER, Ronald Joseph ZINK, II.
Application Number | 20210236348 17/237097 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000005535188 |
Filed Date | 2021-08-05 |
United States Patent
Application |
20210236348 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
SAUER; Linda Ann ; et
al. |
August 5, 2021 |
APPARATUSES AND METHODS FOR MAKING ABSORBENT ARTICLES WITH LOW
INTENSITY SIDE SEAM REGIONS
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to absorbent articles and methods
for assembling absorbent articles with substrates and/or components
that include graphics with zones of relatively high print densities
and zones of relatively low print densities. In turn, the zones of
relatively low print densities may be positioned in regions that
are subject to various manufacturing transformations during the
assembly process. As such, the graphics may be positioned and/or
printed in such a manner so as to reduce noticeable visible results
of imprecise and/or inconsistent manufacturing operations performed
in areas where the graphics are located.
Inventors: |
SAUER; Linda Ann; (Colerain
Township, OH) ; ZINK, II; Ronald Joseph; (Blue Ash,
OH) ; WAGNER; Jason Ashley; (Lawrenceburg,
IN) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
The Procter & Gamble Company |
Cincinnati |
OH |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000005535188 |
Appl. No.: |
17/237097 |
Filed: |
April 22, 2021 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
14967434 |
Dec 14, 2015 |
11007092 |
|
|
17237097 |
|
|
|
|
62093604 |
Dec 18, 2014 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61F 2013/15243
20130101; A61F 2013/8497 20130101; A61F 13/15747 20130101; A61F
13/15723 20130101; A61F 13/15731 20130101; A61F 13/49011 20130101;
A61F 13/15203 20130101; A61F 13/15804 20130101; A61F 13/51496
20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61F 13/49 20060101
A61F013/49; A61F 13/514 20060101 A61F013/514; A61F 13/15 20060101
A61F013/15 |
Claims
1. An absorbent article comprising: a first elastic belt extending
laterally from a first longitudinal side edge to a second
longitudinal side edge to define a pitch length, PL, and extending
from a first lateral end edge to a second lateral end edge to
define a width W, the first elastic belt further comprising a first
end region and a laterally opposing second region separated from
each other by a central region; a second elastic belt comprising a
first end region and a laterally opposing second region separated
from each other by a central region, wherein the first end region
of the first elastic belt is connected with the first end region of
the second elastic belt, and wherein the second end region of the
first elastic belt is connected with the second end region of the
second elastic belt; a chassis comprising, a topsheet, a backsheet,
and an absorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the
backsheet, the chassis further comprising a first waist region and
a second waist region separated from each other by a crotch region,
wherein the first waist region is connected with the central region
of the first elastic belt and the second waist region is connected
with the central region of the second elastic belt; a graphic on
the first elastic belt, the graphic comprising a first zone
comprising a first maximum print density and a second zone
comprising a second maximum print density, wherein the second
maximum print density is less than or equal to about 30% of the
first maximum print density; and wherein the second zone is
positioned between the first zone and the first longitudinal side
edge of the first elastic belt, and wherein the second zone defines
a longitudinal length L wherein the pitch length PL is about 10 or
more times the length L of the second zone.
2. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the first elastic belt
comprises: a first substrate comprising a first surface and an
opposing second surface; a second substrate comprising a first
surface and an opposing second surface; and elastic material bonded
between the first surface of the first substrate and the first
surface of the second substrate; and wherein the second surface of
the first substrate defines a garment facing surface; and wherein
the graphic is printed on the first surface of the first
substrate.
3. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the first elastic belt
is devoid of additional graphics in the second zone.
4. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the PL is 300 mm to
about 1000 mm.
5. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the second maximum
print density is about 0.15.
6. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the first maximum
print density is about 0.5.
7. The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the second end region
of the first elastic belt is refastenably connected with the second
end region of the second elastic belt.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application
Ser. No. 14/967,434, filed on Dec. 14, 2015, which claims the
benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/093,604,
filed on Dec. 18, 2014, both of which are fully incorporated by
reference herein.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present disclosure relates to methods for manufacturing
absorbent articles, and more particularly, to assembling absorbent
articles with components having graphics including zones of
relatively high print densities and zones of relatively low print
densities, wherein the zones of relatively low print densities are
positioned in regions of assembled components that are subject to
various process transformations during assembly.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Along an assembly line, diapers and various types of other
disposable absorbent articles may be assembled by adding components
to and otherwise modifying advancing, continuous webs of material.
Webs of material and component parts used to manufacture diapers
may include: backsheets, topsheets, absorbent cores, front and/or
back ears, fastener components, and various types of elastic webs
and components such as leg elastics, barrier leg cuff elastics, and
waist elastics.
[0004] Some consumers may prefer purchasing absorbent articles,
such as diapers, having various types of different graphic designs
printed thereon. As such, continuous substrates of material having
printed graphics may be converted into different components used to
assemble the absorbent articles. During the assembly process, the
substrates of material having the graphics printed thereon may be
subjected to various process transformations, such as folding,
bonding, trimming, and/or cutting.
[0005] In some instances, consumers may prefer diapers with
graphics defining various designs and various colored areas that
may be printed thereon and that may extend over the entire area, or
a relatively large area, of the diaper that is visible when worn.
Thus, in converting operations involving the assembly of diapers
having printed graphics that extend over relatively large regions,
the printed substrates may be subjected to various process
transformations in areas where the printing is located. However,
subjecting printed substrates to various process transformations,
such as folding, cutting, bonding, and/or assemblage with other
printed components in areas where the graphics are located may
create challenges in performing such process transformations when
attempting to maintain aesthetically pleasing final assemblies. For
example, imprecise and/or inconsistent bonding, cutting, and/or
folding operations performed on a substrate in an area where a
printed graphic is located may act to visibly highlight such
process imprecisions or inconsistencies, such as crooked bond
lines, fold lines, and/or cut lines. In another example, imprecise
placement of one printed component onto another printed component
may be visibly highlighted when graphics on the separate components
appear disjointed and/or misaligned when the components are
combined. In addition, the aforementioned challenges may be
exacerbated in absorbent article assembly processes operating at
relatively high speed production rates.
[0006] Consequently, there remains a need to incorporate substrates
and/or components into absorbent article assembly processes wherein
the substrates and/or components include graphics printed and/or
positioned in such a manner so as to functionally reduce noticeable
visible results of imprecise and/or inconsistent manufacturing
operations performed in areas where the graphics are located.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present disclosure relates to absorbent articles and
methods for assembling absorbent articles with substrates and/or
components that include graphics that may be positioned and/or
printed in such a manner so as to reduce noticeable visible results
of imprecise and/or inconsistent manufacturing operations performed
in areas where the graphics are located.
[0008] In one form, in a method for assembling disposable diaper
pants, each diaper pant comprising a chassis having a first end
region and an opposing second end region separated from each other
by a central region, and having a longitudinal axis and a lateral
axis, the chassis comprising: a topsheet, a backsheet, and an
absorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet, the
method comprises the steps of: advancing a first continuous elastic
laminate in a machine direction, the first continuous elastic
laminate having an outer longitudinal edge and an inner
longitudinal edge, the first elastic laminate further comprising a
graphic, the graphic extending in the machine direction and
comprising a central zone positioned between longitudinally
opposing first and second zones, wherein each zone comprises a
maximum print density, wherein the maximum print density of the
central zone is less than or equal to about 30% of the maximum
print densities of the first and second zones, and wherein the
central zone defines a length, L, in the machine direction;
advancing a second continuous elastic laminate in the machine
direction, the second continuous elastic laminate having an outer
longitudinal edge and an inner longitudinal edge, wherein the first
continuous elastic laminate is separated in the cross direction
from the second continuous elastic laminate to define a gap between
the inner longitudinal edge of the first continuous elastic
laminate and the inner longitudinal edge of the second continuous
elastic laminate; depositing a plurality of chassis spaced apart
from each other along the machine direction across the gap and onto
the first continuous elastic laminate and the second continuous
elastic laminate; folding each chassis along the lateral axis to
position the first continuous elastic laminate into a facing
relationship with the second continuous elastic laminate; and
cutting the first and second continuous elastic laminates in the
cross direction through the central zone of the graphic and into
discrete pieces having a pitch length, PL, extending in the machine
direction, wherein the pitch length PL is about 10 or more times
the length L of the central zone.
[0009] In another form, in a method for assembling disposable
diaper pants, each diaper pant comprising a chassis having a first
end region and an opposing second end region separated from each
other by a central region, and having a longitudinal axis and a
lateral axis, the chassis comprising: a topsheet, a backsheet, and
an absorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet,
the method comprises the steps of: advancing a continuous elastic
laminate in a machine direction, the continuous elastic laminate
having a first longitudinal edge and a second longitudinal edge
defining a width, W, in a cross direction, the elastic laminate
further comprising a graphic, the graphic extending in the machine
direction and comprising a central zone positioned between
longitudinally opposing first and second zones, wherein each zone
comprises a maximum print density, wherein the maximum print
density of the central zone is less than or equal to about 30% of
the maximum print densities of the first and second zones, and
wherein the central zone defines a length, L, in the machine
direction; cutting holes in the elastic laminate, wherein the holes
spaced apart from each other along the machine direction;
depositing a plurality of chassis spaced apart from each other
along the machine direction onto the continuous elastic laminate,
wherein at least one hole is positioned between two consecutive
chassis; folding the continuous elastic laminate and each chassis
along the lateral axis to position the first end region of the
chassis and the opposing second end region of the chassis into a
facing relationship; and cutting the continuous elastic laminate in
the cross direction through the central zone of the graphic and
into discrete pieces having a pitch length, PL, extending in the
machine direction, wherein the pitch length PL is about 10 or more
times the length L of the central zone.
[0010] In yet another form, an absorbent article comprises: a first
elastic belt extending laterally from a first longitudinal side
edge to a second longitudinal side edge to define a pitch length,
PL, and extending from a first lateral end edge to a second lateral
end edge to define a width W, the first elastic belt further
comprising a first end region and a laterally opposing second
region separated from each other by a central region; a second
elastic belt comprising a first end region and a laterally opposing
second region separated from each other by a central region,
wherein the first end region of the first elastic belt is connected
with the first end region of the second elastic belt, and wherein
the second end region of the first elastic belt is connected with
the second end region of the second elastic belt; a chassis
comprising, a topsheet, a backsheet, and an absorbent core disposed
between the topsheet and the backsheet, the chassis further
comprising a first waist region and a second waist region separated
from each other by a crotch region, wherein the first waist region
is connected with the central region of the first elastic belt and
the second waist region is connected with the central region of the
second elastic belt; a graphic on the first elastic belt, the
graphic comprising a first zone comprising a first maximum print
density and a second zone comprising a second maximum print
density, wherein the second maximum print density is less than or
equal to about 30% of the first maximum print density; and wherein
the second zone is positioned between the first zone and the first
longitudinal side edge of the first elastic belt, and wherein the
second zone defines a longitudinal length L wherein the pitch
length PL is about 10 or more times the length L of the second
zone.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] FIG. 1A is a front perspective view of a diaper pant.
[0012] FIG. 1B is a rear perspective view of a diaper pant.
[0013] FIG. 2A is a partially cut away plan view of the diaper pant
shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B in a flat, uncontracted state.
[0014] FIG. 2B is a plan view of the diaper pant shown in FIGS. 1A
and 1B in a flat, uncontracted state and including graphics with
low intensity zones positioned along opposing end edges of front
and back belts.
[0015] FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of the diaper pant of FIG.
2A taken along line 3A-3A.
[0016] FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of the diaper pant of FIG.
2A taken along line 3B-3B.
[0017] FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a converting apparatus
adapted to manufacture pre-fastened, pant diapers.
[0018] FIG. 5A is a view of a continuous length of an advancing
first substrate from FIG. 4 taken along line A-A.
[0019] FIG. 5A1 is a view of the continuous advancing first
substrate from FIG. 5A with an alternative graphic
configuration.
[0020] FIG. 5A2 is a view of the continuous advancing first
substrate from FIG. 5A with an alternative graphic
configuration.
[0021] FIG. 5B is a view of continuous lengths of advancing first
and second elastic belt laminates from FIG. 4 taken along line
B-B.
[0022] FIG. 5C is a view of a continuous length of chassis
assemblies from FIGS. 4 and 8 taken along line C-C.
[0023] FIG. 5D1 is a view of a discrete chassis from FIGS. 4 and 8
taken along line D1-D1.
[0024] FIG. 5D2 is a view of a discrete chassis from FIGS. 4 and 8
taken along line D2-D2.
[0025] FIG. 5E is a view of multiple discrete chassis spaced from
each other along the machine direction MD and connected with each
other by the first and second elastic belt laminates from FIG. 4
taken along line E-E.
[0026] FIG. 5F is a view of folded multiple discrete chassis with
the first and second elastic belt laminates in a facing
relationship from FIG. 4 taken along line F-F.
[0027] FIG. 5G is a view of two discrete absorbent articles
advancing the machine direction MD from FIG. 4 taken along line
G-G.
[0028] FIG. 6A is a front perspective view of a diaper pant
constructed with a contiguous outer cover.
[0029] FIG. 6B is a front plan view of the diaper pant of FIG.
6A.
[0030] FIG. 6C is a rear plan view of the diaper pant of FIG.
6A.
[0031] FIG. 7 is a partially cut away plan view of the diaper pant
shown in FIGS. 6A-6C in a flat, uncontracted state.
[0032] FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of a converting apparatus
adapted to manufacture pre-fastened, pant diapers.
[0033] FIG. 9A is a view of a continuous length of an advancing
first substrate from FIG. 8 taken along line A-A.
[0034] FIG. 9B is a view of continuous lengths of advancing first
and second elastic belt laminates from FIG. 8 taken along line
B-B.
[0035] FIG. 9E is a view of multiple discrete chassis spaced from
each other along the machine direction MD and connected with each
other by the first and second elastic belt laminates from FIG. 8
taken along line E-E.
[0036] FIG. 9F is a view of folded multiple discrete chassis with
the first and second elastic belt laminates in a facing
relationship from FIG. 8 taken along line F-F.
[0037] FIG. 9G is a view of two discrete absorbent articles
advancing the machine direction MD from FIG. 8 taken along line
G-G.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0038] The following term explanations may be useful in
understanding the present disclosure:
[0039] "Absorbent article" is used herein to refer to consumer
products whose primary function is to absorb and retain soils and
wastes. "Diaper" is used herein to refer to an absorbent article
generally worn by infants and incontinent persons about the lower
torso. The term "disposable" is used herein to describe absorbent
articles which generally are not intended to be laundered or
otherwise restored or reused as an absorbent article (e.g., they
are intended to be discarded after a single use and may also be
configured to be recycled, composted or otherwise disposed of in an
environmentally compatible manner).
[0040] An "elastic," "elastomer" or "elastomeric" refers to
materials exhibiting elastic properties, which include any material
that upon application of a force to its relaxed, initial length can
stretch or elongate to an elongated length more than 10% greater
than its initial length and will substantially recover back to
about its initial length upon release of the applied force.
[0041] As used herein, the term "joined" encompasses configurations
whereby an element is directly secured to another element by
affixing the element directly to the other element, and
configurations whereby an element is indirectly secured to another
element by affixing the element to intermediate member(s) which in
turn are affixed to the other element.
[0042] As used herein, the term "graphic" refers to printed areas
of substrates. Graphics may include a color difference or
transition of one or more colors and may define images or designs
that are constituted by a figure (for example, a line(s)), a symbol
or character), or the like. A graphic may include an aesthetic
image or design that can provide certain benefit(s) when viewed. A
graphic may be in the form of a photographic image. A graphic may
also be in the form of a 1-dimensional (1-D) or 2-dimensional (2-D)
bar code or a quick response (QR) bar code. A graphic design is
determined by, for example, the color(s) used in the graphic
(individual pure ink or spot colors as well as built process
colors), the sizes of the entire graphic (or components of the
graphic), the positions of the graphic (or components of the
graphic), the movements of the graphic (or components of the
graphic), the geometrical shapes of the graphic (or components of
the graphics), the number of colors in the graphic, the variations
of the color combinations in the graphic, the number of graphics
printed, the disappearance of color(s) in the graphic, and the
contents of text messages in the graphic.
[0043] It is to be appreciated that all graphics discussed herein
may be in various different forms, shapes, and/or sizes than those
depicted herein. It is also to be appreciated that the graphics
described herein may be configured to be different graphics,
standard graphics, custom graphics, and/or personalized graphics.
"Different in terms of graphic design" means that graphics are
intended to be different when viewed by users or consumers with
normal attentions. Thus, two graphics having a graphic
difference(s) which are unintentionally caused due to a problem(s)
or an error(s) in a manufacture process, for example, are not
different from each other in terms of graphic design. "Standard" or
"standardized" refers to graphics, products, and/or articles that
have the same aesthetic appearance without intending to be
different from each other. The term "custom" or "customized" refers
to graphics, products, and/or articles that are changed to suit a
small demographic, region, purchaser, customer, or the like. Custom
graphics may be selected from a set of graphics. For example,
custom graphics may include animal depictions selected from groups
of animals, such as farm animals, sea creatures, birds, and the
like. In other examples, custom graphics may include nursery rhymes
and the like. In one scenario, custom products or articles may be
created by a purchaser of such products or articles wherein the
purchaser selects graphics for the articles or products from a set
of graphics offered by a manufacturer of such articles or products.
Custom graphics may also include "personalized" graphics, which may
be graphics created for a particular purchaser. For example,
personalized graphics may include a person's name alone or in
combination with a design.
[0044] "Longitudinal" means a direction running substantially
perpendicular from a waist edge to a longitudinally opposing waist
edge of an absorbent article when the article is in a flat out,
uncontracted state, or from a waist edge to the bottom of the
crotch, i.e. the fold line, in a bi-folded article. Directions
within 45 degrees of the longitudinal direction are considered to
be "longitudinal." "Lateral" refers to a direction running from a
longitudinally extending side edge to a laterally opposing
longitudinally extending side edge of an article and generally at a
right angle to the longitudinal direction. Directions within 45
degrees of the lateral direction are considered to be
"lateral."
[0045] The term "substrate" is used herein to describe a material
which is primarily two-dimensional (i.e. in an XY plane) and whose
thickness (in a Z direction) is relatively small (i.e. 1/10 or
less) in comparison to its length (in an X direction) and width (in
a Y direction). Non-limiting examples of substrates include a web,
layer or layers or fibrous materials, nonwovens, films and foils
such as polymeric films or metallic foils. These materials may be
used alone or may comprise two or more layers laminated together.
As such, a web is a substrate.
[0046] The term "nonwoven" refers herein to a material made from
continuous (long) filaments (fibers) and/or discontinuous (short)
filaments (fibers) by processes such as spunbonding, meltblowing,
carding, and the like. Nonwovens do not have a woven or knitted
filament pattern.
[0047] The term "machine direction" (MD) is used herein to refer to
the direction of material flow through a process. In addition,
relative placement and movement of material can be described as
flowing in the machine direction through a process from upstream in
the process to downstream in the process.
[0048] The term "cross direction" (CD) is used herein to refer to a
direction that is generally perpendicular to the machine
direction.
[0049] The term "pant" (also referred to as "training pant",
"pre-closed diaper", "diaper pant", "pant diaper", and "pull-on
diaper") refers herein to disposable absorbent articles having a
continuous perimeter waist opening and continuous perimeter leg
openings designed for infant or adult wearers. A pant can be
configured with a continuous or closed waist opening and at least
one continuous, closed, leg opening prior to the article being
applied to the wearer. A pant can be preformed by various
techniques including, but not limited to, joining together portions
of the article using any refastenable and/or permanent closure
member (e.g., seams, heat bonds, pressure welds, adhesives,
cohesive bonds, mechanical fasteners, etc.). A pant can be
preformed anywhere along the circumference of the article in the
waist region (e.g., side fastened or seamed, front waist fastened
or seamed, rear waist fastened or seamed).
[0050] The term "print density," which may also be referred to
optical density, refers to the reflection density of printed
matter, as measured with a spectrophotometer in accordance with the
Method for Measuring Print Color and Print Density provided
herein.
[0051] The present disclosure relates to absorbent articles and
methods for assembling absorbent articles with components having
printed graphics including zones of relatively high print densities
and zones of relatively low print densities. More particularly,
substrates and/or components to be incorporated into manufactured
absorbent articles herein include graphics that may be positioned
and/or printed in such a manner so as to functionally reduce
noticeable visible results of imprecise and/or inconsistent
manufacturing operations performed in areas where the graphics are
located. For example, the substrates and/or components include
graphics wherein the zones of relatively low print densities may be
positioned in regions that are subject to bonding, cutting, and/or
folding transformations during the assembly process. In addition,
the zones of relatively high print densities may be positioned
regions that may be more noticeable to consumers. For example,
assembled diapers may include graphics with zones of relatively low
print density zones positioned in side seam regions, whereas the
relatively high print density zones may be positioned closer to
central portions of front and/or back waist regions. Thus, the
methods and apparatuses herein allow for the assemblage of
substrates and/or components having graphics defining various
designs and various colored areas printed thereon that extend over
the entire area, or a relatively large area, of the assembled
diapers that is visible when worn while maintaining desired
aesthetic benefits on assembled diapers without sacrificing
relatively high manufacturing speeds.
[0052] As previously mentioned, the processes and apparatuses
discussed herein may be used in the manufacture of different types
of absorbent articles. To help provide additional context to the
subsequent discussion of the process embodiments, the following
provides a general description of absorbent articles in the form of
diaper pants that include belt substrates that may be assembled in
accordance with the methods and apparatuses disclosed herein.
[0053] FIGS. 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B show an example of a diaper pant
100 that may be assembled in accordance with the apparatuses and
methods disclosed herein. In particular, FIGS. 1A and 1B show
perspective views of a diaper pant 100 in a pre-fastened
configuration, and FIGS. 2A and 2B show plan views of the diaper
pant 100 with the portion of the diaper that faces away from a
wearer oriented toward the viewer. The diaper pant 100 includes a
chassis 102 and a ring-like elastic belt 104. As discussed below in
more detail, a first elastic belt 106 and a second elastic belt 108
are bonded together to form the ring-like elastic belt 104.
[0054] With continued reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the diaper pant
100 and the chassis 102 each include a first waist region 116, a
second waist region 118, and a crotch region 119 disposed
intermediate the first and second waist regions. The first waist
region 116 may be configured as a front waist region, and the
second waist region 118 may be configured as back waist region. In
some embodiments, the length of each of the front waist region,
back waist region, and crotch region may be 1/3 of the length of
the absorbent article 100. The diaper 100 may also include a
laterally extending front waist edge 121 in the front waist region
116 and a longitudinally opposing and laterally extending back
waist edge 122 in the back waist region 118. To provide a frame of
reference for the present discussion, the diaper 100 and chassis
102 of FIGS. 2A and 2B are shown with a longitudinal axis 124 and a
lateral axis 126. In some embodiments, the longitudinal axis 124
may extend through the front waist edge 121 and through the back
waist edge 122. And the lateral axis 126 may extend through a first
longitudinal or right side edge 128 and through a midpoint of a
second longitudinal or left side edge 130 of the chassis 102.
[0055] As shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B, the diaper pant 100
may include an inner, body facing surface 132, and an outer,
garment facing surface 134. The chassis 102 may include a backsheet
136 and a topsheet 138. The chassis 102 may also include an
absorbent assembly 140, including an absorbent core 142, disposed
between a portion of the topsheet 138 and the backsheet 136. As
discussed in more detail below, the diaper 100 may also include
other features, such as leg elastics and/or leg cuffs to enhance
the fit around the legs of the wearer.
[0056] As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the periphery of the chassis
102 may be defined by the first longitudinal side edge 128, a
second longitudinal side edge 130, a first laterally extending end
edge 144 disposed in the first waist region 116, and a second
laterally extending end edge 146 disposed in the second waist
region 118. Both side edges 128 and 130 extend longitudinally
between the first end edge 144 and the second end edge 146. As
shown in FIG. 2A, the laterally extending end edges 144 and 146 are
located longitudinally inward from the laterally extending front
waist edge 121 in the front waist region 116 and the laterally
extending back waist edge 122 in the back waist region 118. When
the diaper pant 100 is worn on the lower torso of a wearer, the
front waist edge 121 and the back waist edge 122 may encircle a
portion of the waist of the wearer. At the same time, the side
edges 128 and 130 may encircle at least a portion of the legs of
the wearer. And the crotch region 119 may be generally positioned
between the legs of the wearer with the absorbent core 142
extending from the front waist region 116 through the crotch region
119 to the back waist region 118.
[0057] It is to also be appreciated that a portion or the whole of
the diaper 100 may also be made laterally extensible. The
additional extensibility may help allow the diaper 100 to conform
to the body of a wearer during movement by the wearer. The
additional extensibility may also help, for example, the user of
the diaper 100, including a chassis 102 having a particular size
before extension, to extend the front waist region 116, the back
waist region 118, or both waist regions of the diaper 100 and/or
chassis 102 to provide additional body coverage for wearers of
differing size, i.e., to tailor the diaper to an individual wearer.
Such extension of the waist region or regions may give the
absorbent article a generally hourglass shape, so long as the
crotch region is extended to a relatively lesser degree than the
waist region or regions, and may impart a tailored appearance to
the article when it is worn.
[0058] As previously mentioned, the diaper pant 100 may include a
backsheet 136. The backsheet 136 may also define the outer surface
134 of the chassis 102. The backsheet 136 may be impervious to
fluids (e.g., menses, urine, and/or runny feces) and may be
manufactured in part from a thin plastic film, although other
flexible liquid impervious materials may also be used. The
backsheet 136 may prevent the exudates absorbed and contained in
the absorbent core from wetting articles which contact the diaper
100, such as bedsheets, pajamas and undergarments. The backsheet
136 may also comprise a woven or nonwoven material, polymeric films
such as thermoplastic films of polyethylene or polypropylene,
and/or a multi-layer or composite materials comprising a film and a
nonwoven material (e.g., having an inner film layer and an outer
nonwoven layer). The backsheet may also comprise an elastomeric
film. An example backsheet 136 may be a polyethylene film having a
thickness of from about 0.012 mm (0.5 mils) to about 0.051 mm (2.0
mils). Exemplary polyethylene films are manufactured by Clopay
Corporation of Cincinnati, Ohio, under the designation BR-120 and
BR-121 and by Tredegar Film Products of Terre Haute, Ind., under
the designation XP-39385. The backsheet 136 may also be embossed
and/or matte-finished to provide a more clothlike appearance.
Further, the backsheet 136 may permit vapors to escape from the
absorbent core (i.e., the backsheet is breathable) while still
preventing exudates from passing through the backsheet 136. The
size of the backsheet 136 may be dictated by the size of the
absorbent core 142 and/or particular configuration or size of the
diaper 100.
[0059] Also described above, the diaper pant 100 may include a
topsheet 138. The topsheet 138 may also define all or part of the
inner surface 132 of the chassis 102. The topsheet 138 may be
compliant, soft feeling, and non-irritating to the wearer's skin.
It may be elastically stretchable in one or two directions.
Further, the topsheet 138 may be liquid pervious, permitting
liquids (e.g., menses, urine, and/or runny feces) to penetrate
through its thickness. A topsheet 138 may be manufactured from a
wide range of materials such as woven and nonwoven materials;
apertured or hydroformed thermoplastic films; apertured nonwovens,
porous foams; reticulated foams; reticulated thermoplastic films;
and thermoplastic scrims. Woven and nonwoven materials may comprise
natural fibers such as wood or cotton fibers; synthetic fibers such
as polyester, polypropylene, or polyethylene fibers; or
combinations thereof. If the topsheet 138 includes fibers, the
fibers may be spunbond, carded, wet-laid, meltblown,
hydroentangled, or otherwise processed as is known in the art.
[0060] Topsheets 138 may be selected from high loft nonwoven
topsheets, apertured film topsheets and apertured nonwoven
topsheets. Apertured film topsheets may be pervious to bodily
exudates, yet substantially non-absorbent, and have a reduced
tendency to allow fluids to pass back through and rewet the
wearer's skin. Exemplary apertured films may include those
described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,628,097; 5,916,661; 6,545,197; and
6,107,539.
[0061] As mentioned above, the diaper pant 100 may also include an
absorbent assembly 140 that is joined to the chassis 102. As shown
in FIG. 2A, the absorbent assembly 140 may have a laterally
extending front edge 148 in the front waist region 116 and may have
a longitudinally opposing and laterally extending back edge 150 in
the back waist region 118. The absorbent assembly may have a
longitudinally extending right side edge 152 and may have a
laterally opposing and longitudinally extending left side edge 154,
both absorbent assembly side edges 152 and 154 may extend
longitudinally between the front edge 148 and the back edge 150.
The absorbent assembly 140 may additionally include one or more
absorbent cores 142 or absorbent core layers. The absorbent core
142 may be at least partially disposed between the topsheet 138 and
the backsheet 136 and may be formed in various sizes and shapes
that are compatible with the diaper. Exemplary absorbent structures
for use as the absorbent core of the present disclosure are
described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,610,678; 4,673,402; 4,888,231; and
4,834,735.
[0062] Some absorbent core embodiments may comprise fluid storage
cores that contain reduced amounts of cellulosic airfelt material.
For instance, such cores may comprise less than about 40%, 30%,
20%, 10%, 5%, or even 1% of cellulosic airfelt material. Such a
core may comprises primarily absorbent gelling material in amounts
of at least about 60%, 70%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, or even about 100%,
where the remainder of the core comprises a microfiber glue (if
applicable). Such cores, microfiber glues, and absorbent gelling
materials are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,599,335; 5,562,646;
5,669,894; and 6,790,798 as well as U.S. Patent Publication Nos.
2004/0158212 and 2004/0097895.
[0063] As previously mentioned, the diaper 100 may also include
elasticized leg cuffs 156. It is to be appreciated that the leg
cuffs 156 can be and are sometimes also referred to as leg bands,
side flaps, barrier cuffs, elastic cuffs or gasketing cuffs. The
elasticized leg cuffs 156 may be configured in various ways to help
reduce the leakage of body exudates in the leg regions. Example leg
cuffs 156 may include those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,860,003;
4,909,803; 4,695,278; 4,795,454; 4,704,115; 4,909,803; and U.S.
Patent Publication No. 2009/0312730 A1.
[0064] As mentioned above, diaper pants may be manufactured with a
ring-like elastic belt 104 and provided to consumers in a
configuration wherein the front waist region 116 and the back waist
region 118 are connected to each other as packaged, prior to being
applied to the wearer. As such, diaper pants may have a continuous
perimeter waist opening 110 and continuous perimeter leg openings
112 such as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. The ring-like elastic belt
may be formed by joining a first elastic belt to a second elastic
belt with a permanent side seam or with an openable and reclosable
fastening system disposed at or adjacent the laterally opposing
sides of the belts.
[0065] As previously mentioned, the ring-like elastic belt 104 may
be defined by a first elastic belt 106 connected with a second
elastic belt 108. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the first elastic
belt 106 extends between a first longitudinal side edge 111a and a
second longitudinal side edge 111b and defines first and second
opposing end regions 106a, 106b and a central region 106c. And the
second elastic 108 belt extends between a first longitudinal side
edge 113a and a second longitudinal side edge 113b and defines
first and second opposing end regions 108a, 108b and a central
region 108c. The distance between the first longitudinal side edge
111a and the second longitudinal side edge 111b defines the pitch
length, PL, of the first elastic belt 106, and the distance between
the first longitudinal side edge 113a and the second longitudinal
side edge 113b defines the pitch length, PL, of the second elastic
belt 108. The central region 106c of the first elastic belt is
connected with the first waist region 116 of the chassis 102, and
the central region 108c of the second elastic belt 108 is connected
with the second waist region 116 of the chassis 102. As shown in
FIGS. 1A and 1B, the first end region 106a of the first elastic
belt 106 is connected with the first end region 108a of the second
elastic belt 108 at first side seam 178, and the second end region
106b of the first elastic belt 106 is connected with the second end
region 108b of the second elastic belt 108 at second side seam 180
to define the ring-like elastic belt 104 as well as the waist
opening 110 and leg openings 112.
[0066] It is to be appreciated that the first and second elastic
belts may define various pitch lengths PL. For example, in some
embodiments, the pitch lengths PL of the first and/or second
elastic belts 106, 108 may be about 300 mm to about 1000 mm.
[0067] As shown in FIGS. 2A, 3A, and 3B, the first elastic belt 106
also defines an outer laterally extending edge 107a and an inner
laterally extending edge 107b, and the second elastic belt 108
defines an outer laterally extending edge 109a and an inner
laterally extending edge 109b. As such, a perimeter edge 112a of
one leg opening may be defined by portions of the inner laterally
extending edge 107b of the first elastic belt 106, the inner
laterally extending edge 109b of the second elastic belt 108, and
the first longitudinal or right side edge 128 of the chassis 102.
And a perimeter edge 112b of the other leg opening may be defined
by portions of the inner laterally extending edge 107b of the first
elastic belt 106, the inner laterally extending edge 109b of the
second elastic belt 108, and the second longitudinal or left side
edge 130 of the chassis 102. The outer laterally extending edges
107a, 109a may also define the front waist edge 121 and the
laterally extending back waist edge 122 of the diaper pant 100. The
first elastic belt and the second elastic belt may also each
include an outer, garment facing layer 162 and an inner, wearer
facing layer 164. It is to be appreciated that the first elastic
belt 106 and the second elastic belt 108 may comprise the same
materials and/or may have the same structure. In some embodiments,
the first elastic belt 106 and the second elastic belt may comprise
different materials and/or may have different structures. It should
also be appreciated that the first elastic belt 106 and the second
elastic belt 108 may be constructed from various materials. For
example, the first and second belts may be manufactured from
materials such as plastic films; apertured plastic films; woven or
nonwoven webs of natural materials (e.g., wood or cotton fibers),
synthetic fibers (e.g., polyolefins, polyamides, polyester,
polyethylene, or polypropylene fibers) or a combination of natural
and/or synthetic fibers; or coated woven or nonwoven webs. In some
embodiments, the first and second elastic belts include a nonwoven
web of synthetic fibers, and may include a stretchable nonwoven. In
other embodiments, the first and second elastic belts include an
inner hydrophobic, non-stretchable nonwoven material and an outer
hydrophobic, non-stretchable nonwoven material.
[0068] The first and second elastic belts 106, 108 may also each
include belt elastic material interposed between the outer
substrate layer 162 and the inner substrate layer 164. The belt
elastic material may include one or more elastic elements such as
strands, ribbons, films, or panels extending along the lengths of
the elastic belts. As shown in FIGS. 2A, 3A, and 3B, the belt
elastic material may include a plurality of elastic strands 168
which may be referred to herein as outer, waist elastics 170 and
inner, waist elastics 172. Elastic strands 168, such as the outer
waist elastics 170, may continuously extend laterally between the
first and second opposing end regions 106a, 106b of the first
elastic belt 106 and between the first and second opposing end
regions 108a, 108b of the second elastic belt 108. In some
embodiments, some elastic strands 168, such as the inner waist
elastics 172, may be configured with discontinuities in areas, such
as for example, where the first and second elastic belts 106, 108
overlap the absorbent assembly 140. In some embodiments, the
elastic strands 168 may be disposed at a constant interval in the
longitudinal direction. In other embodiments, the elastic strands
168 may be disposed at different intervals in the longitudinal
direction. The belt elastic material in a stretched condition may
be interposed and joined between the uncontracted outer layer and
the uncontracted inner layer. When the belt elastic material is
relaxed, the belt elastic material returns to an unstretched
condition and contracts the outer layer and the inner layer. The
belt elastic material may provide a desired variation of
contraction force in the area of the ring-like elastic belt. It is
to be appreciated that the chassis 102 and elastic belts 106, 108
may be configured in different ways other than as depicted in FIG.
2A. The belt elastic material may be joined to the outer and/or
inner layers continuously or intermittently along the interface
between the belt elastic material and the inner and/or outer belt
layers.
[0069] In some configurations, the first elastic belt 106 and/or
second elastic belt 108 may define curved contours. For example,
the inner lateral edges 107b, 109b of the first and/or second
elastic belts 106, 108 may include non-linear or curved portions in
the first and second opposing end regions. Such curved contours may
help define desired shapes to leg opening 112, such as for example,
relatively rounded leg openings. In addition to having curved
contours, the elastic belts 106, 108 may include elastic strands
168, 172 that extend along non-linear or curved paths that may
correspond with the curved contours of the inner lateral edges
107b, 109b.
[0070] As previously mentioned, the diaper pant 100 may include one
or more graphics. And such graphics may include zones of relatively
high print densities, referred to herein as "high intensity zones,"
and zones of relatively low print densities, referred to herein as
"low intensity zones." As discussed above, the diaper components
may include graphics positioned and/or printed in such a manner so
as to reduce noticeable visible results of imprecise and/or
inconsistent manufacturing operations performed in areas where the
printing is located. Thus, the high intensity zones may be
positioned in regions of the diaper that may be more noticeable to
consumers. And the low intensity zones may be positioned in regions
that are subject to cutting and/or folding transformations during
the assembly process, such as side seam regions. With respect to
the graphics discussed herein, each zone comprises a maximum print
density, and the maximum print density of the low intensity zone is
greater than zero and less than the maximum print density of the
high intensity zone. For example, in some embodiments, the maximum
print density of the high intensity zone may be at least about 0.3;
0.4; or 0.5. And in some embodiments, the maximum print density of
the low intensity zone may be greater than zero and less than or
equal to about 0.15 or 0.1. In some embodiments, the maximum print
density of the low intensity zone may be less than or equal to
about 30% of the maximum print density of the high intensity zone.
In some embodiments, the maximum print density of the low intensity
zone may be less than or equal to about 25% of the maximum print
density of the high intensity zone. In some embodiments, the
maximum print density of the low intensity zone may be less than or
equal to about 10% of the maximum print density of the high
intensity zone. In addition, the graphics may be printed so as to
fade from the high intensity zone to the low intensity zone. As
used herein, the term "fade" means a visible gradual change in
color hue, brightness, lightness, chroma, and/or saturation, for
example, when a graphic fades from an area having a relatively high
print density to an area having a relatively low print density.
[0071] It is to be appreciated that the graphics described herein
may be printed in various ways and may be printed by various types
of printing accessories, such as ink jet, flexography, and/or
gravure printing processes. Ink-jet printing is a non-impact
dot-matrix printing technology in which droplets of ink are jetted
from a small aperture directly to a specified position on a media
to create a graphic. Two examples of inkjet technologies include
thermal bubble or bubble jet and piezoelectric. Thermal bubble uses
heat to apply to the ink, while piezoelectric uses a crystal and an
electric charge to apply the ink. In some configurations, the
printing stations may include a corona treater, which may be
positioned upstream of the printer. The corona treater may be
configured to increase the surface energy of the surface of the
substrate to be printed. In some configurations, the printing
stations may also include an ink curing apparatus. In some
configurations, the ink curing apparatus may be in the form of an
ultraviolet (UV) light source that may include one or more
ultraviolet (UV) lamps, which may be positioned downstream of the
printer to help cure inks deposited onto the substrate from the
printer to form the graphics. In some configurations, the ink
curing apparatus may also include an infrared (IR) dryer light
source that may include one or more infrared (IR) lamps, which may
be positioned downstream of the printer to help dry water-based or
solvent-based inks deposited onto the substrate to form the
graphics. In some configurations, the ink curing apparatus may
include an electron beam (EB or e-beam) generator that may include
one or more e-beam electrodes, which may be positioned downstream
of the printer to help cure inks deposited onto the substrate from
the printer to form the graphics.
[0072] FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 2B show an example diaper pant 100 with
printed graphics G1, G2 on the first elastic belt 106 and the
second elastic belt 108, wherein each graphic includes a high
intensity zone ZH and a low intensity zone ZL. As shown in FIG. 2B,
the low intensity zones ZL are positioned in the opposing end
regions 106a, 106b of the first belt 106 as well as the opposing
end regions of 108a, 108b of the second belt 108. As discussed in
more detail below, the end regions of the belts 106, 108 where the
low intensity zones ZL are located, may be subject to cutting and
seaming process operations during the assembly process. In
addition, the high intensity zones ZH are positioned relatively
closer to the central regions 106c, 108c of the first and second
belts 106, 108.
[0073] With continued reference to FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 2B, the low
intensity zone ZL of the graphic G1 on the front belt 106 is
positioned between the high intensity zone ZH and the first
longitudinal side edge 111a, and the low intensity zone ZL of the
graphic G2 on the front belt 106 is positioned between the high
intensity zone ZH and the second longitudinal side edge 111b. For
the purposes of clarity, dashed lines 401 are shown in FIG. 2B to
represent example boundaries between the high intensity zones ZH
and the low intensity zones ZL. It is to be appreciated that such
boundaries between the high intensity zones ZH and the low
intensity zones ZL can also be curved, angled, and/or straight. As
shown in FIG. 2B, the low intensity zone ZL of the graphic G1 on
the front belt 106 may extend from the high intensity zone ZH
entirely to the first longitudinal side edge 111a, and the low
intensity zone ZL of the graphic G2 on the front belt 106 may
extend from the high intensity zone ZH entirely to the second
longitudinal side edge 111b. It is to be appreciated that in some
embodiments, the low intensity zones ZL may not extend all the way
to the first and second edges 111a, 111b. As also shown in FIG. 2B,
the low intensity zones ZL of the graphic G1 and graphic G2 on the
front belt 106 may extend entirely from the outer laterally
extending edge 107a to the inner laterally extending edge 107b of
the first belt 106. It is to be appreciated that in some
embodiments, the low intensity zones ZL may not extend all the way
to one of or both of the inner and outer lateral edges 107a,
107b.
[0074] As previously discussed, the low intensity zones ZL are
positioned in regions of the diapers 100 that may be subject to
various cutting and/or folding transformations during the assembly
process so as to reduce noticeable visible results of imprecisions
and/or inconsistencies of such transformations. Thus, it is also to
be appreciated that the low intensity zones ZL discussed herein may
be devoid of additional graphics. As such, it may be desirable in
some embodiments to manufacture absorbent articles with graphics
having a high intensity zone and a low intensity zone wherein the
low intensity zone is devoid of any other printed graphics or the
like.
[0075] As shown in FIG. 2B, the low intensity zone ZL of the first
graphic G1 may define a length L1 along the first belt 106 and the
second belt 108, and the low intensity zone ZL of the second
graphic G2 may define a length L2 along the first belt 106 and the
second belt 108. It is to be appreciated that lengths L1, L2 of the
low intensity zones ZL may vary. In some embodiments, the lengths
L1 and/or L2 may be from about 5 mm to about 30 mm. In some
embodiments, the lengths L1, L2 may be expressed in terms relative
to the pitch lengths PL of the first and/or second belts 106, 108.
For example, in some embodiments, the pitch lengths PL of the first
and/or second belts 106, 108 may be about 20 to about 100 times the
lengths L1 and/or L2.
[0076] As previously mentioned, substrates and/or components that
may be incorporated into manufactured absorbent articles, such as
shown in FIG. 2B, include graphics that may be positioned and/or
printed in such a manner so as to reduce noticeable visible results
of imprecise and/or inconsistent manufacturing operations performed
in areas where the printing is located. It is to be appreciated
that various apparatuses and methods according to the present
disclosure may be utilized to assemble various components of
pre-fastened pant diapers 100 described herein. For example, FIG. 4
shows a schematic view of a converting apparatus 300 adapted to
manufacture pant diapers 100. The method of operation of the
converting apparatus 300 may be described with reference to the
various components of pant diapers 100 described above and shown in
FIGS. 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B. Although the following methods are
provided in the context of the diaper 100 shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B,
2A, and 2B, it is to be appreciated that various embodiments of
diaper pants can be manufactured according to the methods disclosed
herein, such as for example, the absorbent articles disclosed in
U.S. Pat. No. 7,569,039; U.S. Patent Publication Nos. 2005/0107764
A1, 2012/0061016 A1, and 2012/0061015 A1, which are all hereby
incorporated by reference herein.
[0077] As described in more detail below, the converting apparatus
300 shown in FIG. 4 operates to advance first and second elastic
belt laminates 406, 408 along a machine direction MD. In addition,
a continuous length of chassis assemblies 302 are advanced in a
machine direction MD and cut into discrete chassis 102 such that
the longitudinal axis 124 of each chassis 102 is parallel with the
machine direction MD. The discrete chassis 102 are then turned to
advance the discrete chassis 102 along the machine direction MD
such that the lateral axis 126 of each chassis 102 is parallel with
the machine direction MD. The discrete chassis 102 are also spaced
apart from each other along the machine direction MD. Opposing
waist regions 116, 118 of the spaced apart chassis 102 are then
connected with continuous lengths of advancing first and second
elastic belt laminates 406, 408. The chassis 102 may then be folded
along the lateral axis, or parallel to the lateral axis, to bring
the first and second elastic belt laminates 406, 408 into a facing
relationship, and the first and second elastic belt laminates are
bonded together with laterally opposing bonds 336. As discussed in
more detail below, the first and second elastic belt laminates may
be bonded together with adjacent bonds 336a, 336b intermittently
spaced along the machine direction MD. It is to be appreciated that
the bonds 336a, 336b may be configured as permanent and/or
refastenable bonds. And each bond 336a, 336b may be a discrete bond
site extending contiguously in a cross direction CD across a width
of the first and second elastic belt laminates and/or may include a
plurality of relatively small, discrete bond sites arranged in the
cross direction. The first and second continuous elastic laminates
406, 408 are then cut in the cross direction CD between adjacent
bonds 336a, 336b to create discrete pant diapers 100, such as shown
in FIGS. 1A and 1B.
[0078] As shown in FIG. 4, a first continuous substrate layer in
the form of a continuous length of outer layer belt substrate 162;
a second continuous substrate layer in the form of a continuous
length of inner layer belt substrate 164; and elastics 168 are
combined to form a continuous elastic laminate 402 in the form of a
belt material. More particularly, continuous lengths of outer layer
belt substrate 162, inner layer belt substrate 164, outer elastic
strands 170 and inner elastic strands 172 are advanced in a machine
direction MD and combined at nip rolls 502 to form the continuous
elastic laminate 402. Before entering the nip rolls 502, the outer
layer belt substrate 162 and/or the inner layer belt substrate 164
may be printed with graphics having high intensity zones and low
intensity zones as discussed above. It is to be appreciated that
the graphic printing may be done during the assembly process and/or
may done separate to the assembly process, such as for example,
printing the substrates off line wherein the printed substrates may
be stored until needed for production.
[0079] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5A, the outer belt substrate 162
includes first surface 162a and an opposing second surface 162b,
and defines a width W in the cross direction between opposing
longitudinal edges 163a, 163b. And the outer belt substrate 162 may
advance in the machine direction MD and may include graphics G
printed on the first surface 162a of the outer layer belt substrate
162. As shown in FIG. 5A, although the graphics G are printed on
the first surface 162a of the outer layer belt substrate 162, the
graphics G may be visible through the second surface 162b. It is
also to be appreciated that the graphics G may be printed on either
or both the first and second surfaces 162a, 162b of the outer belt
substrate 162. It is also to be appreciated that graphics may be
printed on either or both the first and second surfaces 164a, 164b
of the inner belt substrate 164.
[0080] As shown in FIG. 5A, each graphic G extends in the machine
direction and includes a central zone 500 positioned between
longitudinally opposing first and second zones 501, 503. The
central zone 500 is a low intensity zone ZL and the first and
second zones 501, 503 are high intensity zones ZH. For the purposes
of clarity, dashed lines 401 are shown in FIG. 5A to represent
example boundaries between the high intensity zones ZH and the low
intensity zones ZL. It is to be appreciated that such boundaries
between the high intensity zones ZH and the low intensity zones ZL
can also be curved, angled, and/or straight. As shown in FIG. 5A,
the central zone 500 defines a length, L, in the machine direction
MD. It is to be appreciated that lengths L of the central zones 500
may vary. In some embodiments, the lengths L may be from about 10
mm to about 60 mm. In some embodiments, the lengths L may also be
expressed in terms relative to the pitch lengths PL of the first
and second belts 106, 108 of the assembled diapers 100. For
example, in some embodiments, the pitch lengths PL of the first
and/or second belts 106, 108 may be about 10 mm to about 25 times
the length L. In addition, the central zone 500 and the first and
second zones extend in the cross direction CD for the entire width
W of the outer belt substrate 162. It is to be appreciated that in
some embodiments, the central zone 500 and/or the first and second
zones may extend in the cross direction CD for less than the entire
width W.
[0081] Although FIG. 5A depicts consecutive first and second zones
501, 503 as being separate from each other, it is to be appreciated
that the graphics G may be printed such that the consecutive first
and second zones may be contiguous, such as shown for example in
FIG. 5A1. As such, FIG. 5A1 shows an embodiment with contiguous
high intensity zones ZH extending along the machine direction MD,
wherein the high intensity zones ZH are separated from each other
by low intensity zones ZL extending along the machine direction MD.
It is to also to be appreciated that the graphics G may be printed
to have differing designs from each other along the machine
direction and/or cross direction, such as shown for example in FIG.
5A2.
[0082] Referring back to FIG. 4, before entering the nip rolls 502,
the outer elastic strands 170 and inner elastic strands 172 are
stretched in the machine direction MD. In addition, adhesive 504
may be applied to the elastic strands 170, 172 as well as either or
both of the continuous lengths of outer layer belt substrate 162
and inner layer belt substrate 164 before entering nip rolls 502.
As such, the elastic strands 168 are bonded between the first
surface 162a of the outer layer belt substrate 162 and the first
surface 164a of inner layer belt substrate 164 at the nip rolls
502. Further, adhesive 504 may be applied intermittently along the
lengths of the inner elastic strands 172 and/or intermittently
along the length of either or both of the continuous lengths of
outer layer belt substrate 162 and inner layer belt substrate 164
before entering nip rolls 502. As such, the inner elastic strands
172 may be intermittently bonded to either or both of the
continuous lengths of outer layer belt substrate 162 and inner
layer belt substrate 164 along the machine direction MD. Thus, the
continuous elastic laminate 402 may include non-bonded regions
intermittently spaced between bonded regions along the machine
direction MD, wherein the inner elastic strands 172 are not bonded
to either the outer layer belt substrate 162 or inner layer belt
substrate 164 in the non-bonded regions. And the inner elastic
strands 172 are bonded to the outer layer belt substrate 162 and/or
inner layer belt substrate 164 in the bonded regions. As such, the
elastic strands 172 may be severed in the non-bonded regions in a
subsequent process step. Although FIG. 4 shows an embodiment
wherein the continuous elastic laminate 402 is formed by combining
continuous lengths of outer layer belt substrate 162 and inner
layer belt substrate 164 with elastic strands 168, it is to be
appreciated the continuous elastic laminate 402 can be formed in
various ways, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,440,043 and U.S.
Patent Publication Nos. 2013/0255861 A1; 2013/0255862 A1;
2013/0255863 A1; 2013/0255864 A1; and 2013/0255865 A1.
[0083] With continued reference to FIG. 4, from the nip rolls 502
the continuous elastic laminate 402 advances in the machine
direction MD to a cutter 506 that cuts the continuous elastic
laminate 402 into two continuous elastic belt laminates, referred
to as a first elastic belt laminate 406 and a second elastic belt
laminate 408. The cutter 506 may be configured in various ways. For
example, in some embodiments the cutter 506 may be a slitter or a
die cutter that separates the belt material into two continuous
belt substrates with either a straight line cut and/or a curved
line cut. The cutter 506 may also be configured as a perforator
that perforates the belt material with a line of weakness and
wherein the belt material is separated along the line of weakness
in a later step. From the cutter 506, the first and second belt
laminates 406, 408 advance through a diverter 508 that separates
the first and second belt substrates from each other in the cross
direction CD, such as shown in FIG. 5B. The elastic strands 170,
172, and thus, the continuous length of first and second belt
laminates 406, 408 are maintained in a stretched condition while
advancing along the machine direction MD. It is to be appreciated
that the diverter 508 may be configured in various ways. For
example, in some embodiments, the diverter 508 may include turn
bars angled at 45 degrees or some other angle with respect to the
machine direction. In some embodiments, the diverter may include
cambered rollers. It is to be appreciated that the front and back
belts may be formed by separate continuous lengths of belt material
similar to the description above and as such would not required the
slitting step or the diverting step.
[0084] In some embodiments, the diverter 508 may include a pivot or
tracking table, such as for example, the FIFE-500 Web Guiding
System, by Maxcess-FIFE Corporation, which can adjust the positions
of the continuous length of first and second belt laminates 406,
408 in the cross direction CD. Other suitable pivot or tracking
tables are available from Erhardt & Leimer, Inc. The diverter
may also include instrumentation and web edge control features that
allow for precise active control of the substrate positions.
[0085] As shown in FIG. 5B, the first belt laminate 406 includes an
outer longitudinal edge 107a and an inner longitudinal edge 107b
that may define a substantially constant width, W1, in the cross
direction CD. And the second belt laminate 408 includes an outer
longitudinal edge 109a and an inner longitudinal edge 109b that may
define a substantially constant width, W2, in the cross direction
CD, wherein W2 is greater than W1. It is to be appreciated that in
some configurations, W1 may be equal to or greater than W2. As
previously mentioned, the first belt laminate 406 is separated in
the cross direction CD from the second belt laminate 408 to define
a gap between the inner longitudinal edge 107b of the first belt
laminate 406 and the inner longitudinal edge 109b of the second
belt laminate 408. As discussed in more detail below, the first and
second belt laminate 406, 408 advance from the diverter 508 to a
nip 316 between the carrier apparatus 308 and a roll 318 to be
combined with discrete chassis 102.
[0086] In some configurations, the graphics G may be positioned on
the continuous elastic laminate 402 such that cutter 506 may cut
through graphics G. For example, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5B, the
cutter may 506 may slit the continuous elastic laminate 402 along
the machine direction MD through the graphics G, such that a first
portion of the of the graphic G remains with the first belt
laminate 406, and a second portion of the graphic G remains with
the second belt laminate 408. As shown in FIG. 5B, the central zone
500 and the first and second zones 501, 503 extend in the cross
direction CD for the entire width W1 of first elastic belt laminate
406 and for the entire width W2 of the second elastic belt laminate
408. It should also be appreciated that the cutter 506 may slit the
continuous elastic laminate 402 without cutting graphics G. As
such, in some embodiments, the graphics G may remain entirely on
the first belt laminate 406 and/or the second belt laminate 408
after the continuous elastic laminate 402 has been slit by cutter
506.
[0087] Referring now to FIGS. 4 and 5C, a continuous length of
chassis assemblies 302 are advanced in a machine direction MD and
define a width in a cross direction CD. The continuous length of
chassis assemblies 302 may include absorbent assemblies 140
sandwiched between topsheet material 138 and backsheet material
136, leg elastics, barrier leg cuffs and the like. As shown in FIG.
5C, portion of the chassis assembly is cut-away to show a portion
of the topsheet material 138 and an absorbent assembly 140. The
continuous length of chassis assemblies 302 advance to a carrier
apparatus 308 and are cut into discrete chassis 102 with knife roll
306, while advancing in the orientation shown in FIG. 5D1, wherein
the longitudinal axis 124 of each chassis 102 is generally parallel
with the machine direction MD.
[0088] After the discrete absorbent chassis 102 are cut by the
knife roll 306, the carrier apparatus 308 rotates and advances the
discrete chassis 102 in the machine direction MD in the orientation
shown in FIG. 5D1. While the chassis 102 shown in FIG. 5D1 is shown
with the second laterally extending end edge 146 as a leading edge
and the first laterally extending end edge 144 as the trailing
edge, it is to be appreciated that in other embodiments, the
chassis 102 may be advanced in other orientations. For example, the
chassis may be oriented such that the second laterally extending
end edge 146 is a trailing edge and the first laterally extending
end edge 144 is a leading edge. The carrier apparatus 308 also
rotates while at the same time changing the orientation of the
advancing chassis 102. In changing the chassis orientation, the
carrier apparatus 308 may turn each chassis 102 such that the
lateral axis 126 of the chassis 102 is parallel or generally
parallel with the machine direction MD, such as shown in FIG. 5D2.
The carrier apparatus 308 may also change the speed at which the
chassis 102 advances in the machine direction MD to a different
speed. FIG. 5D2 shows the orientation of the chassis 102 on the
carrier apparatus 308 while advancing in the machine direction MD.
More particularly, FIG. 5D2 shows the chassis 102 with the lateral
axis 126 of the chassis 102 generally parallel with the machine
direction MD, and wherein the second longitudinal side edge 130 is
the leading edge and the first longitudinal side edge 128 is the
trailing edge. It is to be appreciated that various forms of
carrier apparatuses may be used with the methods herein, such as
for example, the carrier apparatuses disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
7,587,966 and U.S. Patent Publication Nos. 2013/0270065 A1;
2013/0270069 A1; 2013/0270066 A1; and 2013/0270067 A1. In some
embodiments, the carrier apparatus 308 may rotate at a variable
angular velocity that may be changed or adjusted by a controller in
order to change the relative placement of the chassis 102 and the
advancing belt laminates 406, 408.
[0089] As discussed below with reference to FIGS. 4, 5E, 5F, and
5G, the chassis 102 are transferred from the carrier apparatus 308
and combined with advancing, continuous lengths of belt laminates
406, 408, which are subsequently cut to form first and second
elastic belts 106, 108 on diapers 100.
[0090] As shown in FIGS. 4, 5B, and 5E, the chassis 102 are
transferred from the carrier apparatus 308 to a nip 316 between the
carrier apparatus 308 and a roll 318 where the chassis 102 is
combined with continuous lengths of advancing front belt 406 and
back belt 408 substrate material. The front belt laminate material
406 and the back belt laminate material 408 each include a wearer
facing surface 312 and an opposing garment facing surface 314. As
such, the second surface 162b of the outer layer belt substrate 162
may define the garment facing surface 314, and the second surface
164b of the inner layer belt substrate 164 may define the wearer
facing surface 312. The wearer facing surface 312 of the first belt
laminate 406 may be combined with the garment facing surface 134 of
the chassis 102 along the first waist region 116, and the wearer
facing surface 312 of the second belt laminate 408 may be combined
with the garment facing surface 134 of the chassis 102 along the
second waist region 118. As shown in FIG. 4, adhesive 320 may be
intermittently applied to the wearer facing surface 312 of the
first and second belt laminates 406, 408 before combining with the
discrete chassis 102 at the nip 316 between roll 318 and the
carrier apparatus 308.
[0091] With continued reference to FIGS. 4 and 5E, a continuous
length of absorbent articles 400 are defined by multiple discrete
chassis 102 spaced from each other along the machine direction MD
and connected with each other by the second belt laminate 408 and
the first belt laminate 406. As shown in FIG. 4, the continuous
length of absorbent articles 400 advances from the nip 316 to a
folding apparatus 332. At the folding apparatus 332, each chassis
102 is folded in the cross direction CD parallel to or along a
lateral axis 126 to place the first waist region 116, and
specifically, the inner, body facing surface 132 into a facing,
surface to surface orientation with the inner, body surface 132 of
the second waist region 118. The folding of the chassis also
positions the wearer facing surface 312 of the second belt laminate
408 extending between each chassis 102 in a facing relationship
with the wearer facing surface 312 of the first belt laminate 406
extending between each chassis 102.
[0092] As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5F, the folded discrete chassis 102
connected with the first and second belt laminates 406, 408 are
advanced from the folding apparatus 332 to a bonder apparatus 334.
The bonder apparatus 334 operates to bond an overlap area 362, thus
creating discrete bonds 336a, 336b. The overlap area 362 includes a
portion of the second belt laminate 408 extending between each
chassis 102 and a portion of the first belt laminate 406 extending
between each chassis 102. As shown in FIG. 5F, the discrete bonds
336a, 336b are positioned in the central zone 500 of each graphic
G. As previously mentioned, the central zone 500 is a low intensity
zone ZL. As such, the placement of the discrete bonds 336a, 336b in
the central zone 500 may help reduce noticeable visible results of
imprecise and/or inconsistent placement of the discrete bonds. It
is to be appreciated that the bonder apparatus 334 may be
configured in various ways to create bonds 336a, 336b in various
ways, such as for example with heat, adhesives, pressure, and/or
ultrasonics. It is also to be appreciated that in some embodiments,
the apparatus 300 may also be configured to refastenably bond the
overlap area 362, in addition to or as opposed to permanently
bonding the overlap area 362. Thus, the discrete bonds 336a, 336b
may be configured to be refastenable, such as with hooks and loops,
and may be positioned in the central zone 500 of each graphic
G.
[0093] Referring now to FIGS. 4 and 5G, the continuous length of
absorbent articles 400 are advanced from the bonder 334 to a
cutting apparatus 338 where the first belt laminate 406 and the
second belt laminate 408 are cut along the cross direction CD
through the central zones 500 of each graphic G and between
adjacent bonds 336a, 336b to create discrete absorbent articles
100. Because the central zone 500 is a low intensity zone ZL,
cutting through central zone 500 with cutting apparatus 338 may
help reduce noticeable visible results of imprecise and/or
inconsistent placement of the cut lines.
[0094] As shown in FIG. 5G, the first belt laminate 406 and the
second belt laminate 408 are cut into discrete pieces to form the
front and back elastic belts 106, 108, each having a pitch length,
PL, extending along the machine direction. As such, bond 336a may
correspond with and form a first side seam 178 on an absorbent
article 100, and the bond 336b may correspond with and form a
second side seam 180 on a subsequently advancing absorbent article.
In addition, the cutting apparatus 338 severs the first belt
laminate 406 and the second belt laminate 408 through the low
intensity zones ZL of the graphics G to define the first graphic G1
adjacent the first side seam 178 and the second graphic G2 adjacent
the second side seam 180. As such, the first graphic G1 may be
defined by the second zone 503 and a portion of the central zone
500 of a graphic G, and the second graphic G2 may be defined by the
first zone 501 and another portion of the central zone 500 of a
graphic G.
[0095] It is to be appreciated that the processes and apparatuses
herein may be configured to manufacture various types of diaper
pants having the graphics G discussed above. In some embodiments,
the diaper pants 100 may include a chassis 102 and elastic belts
106, 108 configured in different ways other than as depicted in
FIGS. 1A-2B. For example, FIGS. 6A-7 show a diaper pant 100 having
many of the same components as described above with reference to
FIGS. 1A-2B, except the outer layer 162 of the elastic belts 106,
108 is configured as a contiguous outer cover 161 that extends
through the first waist region 116, crotch region 119, and second
waist region 118. Thus, as shown in FIG. 7, the outer cover 161
also includes a first waist end region 116, a crotch region 119,
and an opposing second waist end region 118. The outer cover 161
also includes a garment facing surface 162b and an opposing wearer
facing surface 162a. As such, elastic members 168 of the elastic
belts 106, 108 may be connected with the wearer facing surface 162a
of the outer cover 161. And the chassis 102 may be positioned on
the wearer facing surface 162a of the outer cover 161. As such, the
backsheet 136 may include a portion of the outer cover 161. In
addition, the outer cover 161 may include a first longitudinal side
edge 128a and a second longitudinal side edge 130a that are
positioned laterally outboard the first longitudinal side edge 128
of the chassis 102 and second longitudinal side edge 130 of the
chassis 102, respectively, as shown in FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 6A,
the first longitudinal side edge 128a may define the perimeter 112a
of one leg opening 112, and the second longitudinal side edge 130a
may define the perimeter 112b of the other leg opening 112. It is
to be appreciated also that the first longitudinal side edge 128a
and a second longitudinal side edge 130a may aligned with or
positioned laterally inboard of the first longitudinal side edge
128 of the chassis 102 and second longitudinal side edge 130 of the
chassis 102, respectively. As such, in some embodiments, the
perimeter 112a of one leg opening 112 may be defined by portions of
the first longitudinal edges 128, 128a, and the perimeter 112b of
the other leg opening may be defined by portions of the second
longitudinal edges 130, 130a.
[0096] FIG. 6B shows a front plan view of a diaper pant 100 in a
laid flat condition illustrating various regions of the diaper pant
100. And 6C shows a rear plan view of the diaper pant 100 in a laid
flat condition illustrating various regions of the diaper pant 100.
As discussed above, the diaper pant 100 defines include an inner,
body facing surface 132, and an outer, garment facing surface 134.
The diaper pant 100 also includes a crotch end 190 that is defined
by a lateral fold line 192 in the crotch region 119. As such, the
lateral fold line 192 divides the crotch region into a first crotch
region 119a and a second crotch region 119b.
[0097] The diaper pant 100 is shown in FIGS. 6A-6C as having a
first elastic belt 106, and a second elastic belt 108. The first
belt 106 has a first end region 106a, an opposing second end region
106b, and a central region 106c. And the second belt 108 has a
first end region 108a, an opposing second end region 108b, and a
central region 108c. The first end regions 106a, 108a are connected
together at a first side seam 178, and the second end regions are
106b, 108b are connected together at a second side seam 180. As
shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the distance between the first
longitudinal side edge 111a and the second longitudinal side edge
111b defines the pitch length, PL, of the first elastic belt 106,
and the distance between the first longitudinal side edge 113a and
the second longitudinal side edge 113b defines the pitch length,
PL, of the second elastic belt 108.
[0098] The first end region 106a the first belt 106 may extend
approximately 20% to 40% of the pitch length PL of the diaper pant
100 in an assembled, laid-flat, relaxed condition, and the first
end region 108a the second belt 108 may extend approximately 20% to
40% of the pitch length PL of the diaper pant 100 in an assembled,
laid-flat, relaxed condition. The second end region 106b the first
belt 106 may extend approximately 20% to 40% of the pitch length PL
of the diaper pant 100 in an assembled, laid-flat, relaxed
condition, and the second end region 108b the second belt 108 may
extend approximately 20% to 40% of the pitch length of the diaper
pant 100 in an assembled, laid-flat, relaxed condition. The central
region 106c the first belt 106 may extend approximately 20% to 60%
of the pitch length PL of the diaper pant 100 in an assembled,
laid-flat, relaxed condition, and the central region 108c the
second belt 108 may extend approximately 20% to 60% of the pitch
length PL of the diaper pant 100 in an assembled, laid-flat,
relaxed condition.
[0099] The diaper pant 100 in FIGS. 6B and 6C is also shown as
having a longitudinal length LL that is defined by the distance
between the first waist edge 121 and the crotch end 190 (or the
lateral fold line 192), or if longer, the distance from the second
waist edge 122 to the crotch end 190 (or the lateral fold line
192). The longitudinal length LL may be measured along the
longitudinal centerline 124 of the diaper pant 100. As shown in
FIGS. 6B-6C, the first waist region 116 extends a distance
generally in the longitudinal direction from the waist edge 121
along the side seams 178, 180 to the leg openings 112, and the
second waist region 118 extends a distance generally in the
longitudinal direction from the waist edge 122 along the side seams
178, 180 to the leg openings 112. Hence, a first crotch region 119a
extends a distance from the crotch end 190 to the first waist
region 116, and a second crotch region 119b extends a distance from
the crotch end 190 to the second waist region 118. In some
embodiments, the first waist region 116 and/or the second waist
region 118 may extend about two-thirds the longitudinal length LL
of the assembled diaper pant 100. In addition, the first crotch
region 119a and/or the second crotch region 119b may extend about
one-third the longitudinal length LL of the assembled diaper pant
100.
[0100] The diaper pant 100 shown in FIGS. 6A-6C also includes
printed graphics G1, G2 on the first elastic belt 106 and the
second elastic belt 108, wherein each graphic includes a high
intensity zone ZH and a low intensity zone ZL. As shown in FIGS.
6B-6C, the low intensity zones ZL are positioned in the opposing
end regions 106a, 106b of the first belt 106 as well as the
opposing end regions of 108a, 108b of the second belt 108. As
discussed above with other embodiments, the end regions of the
belts 106, 108 where the low intensity zones ZL are located, may be
subject to cutting and seaming process operations during the
assembly process. In addition, the high intensity zones ZH are
positioned relatively closer to the central regions 106c, 108c of
the first and second belts 106, 108.
[0101] With continued reference to FIGS. 6B-6C, the low intensity
zone ZL of the graphic G1 on the front belt 106 is positioned
between the high intensity zone ZH and the first longitudinal side
edge 111a, and the low intensity zone ZL of the graphic G2 on the
front belt 106 is positioned between the high intensity zone ZH and
the second longitudinal side edge 111b. For the purposes of
clarity, dashed lines 401 are shown to represent example boundaries
between the high intensity zones ZH and the low intensity zones ZL.
It is to be appreciated that such boundaries between the high
intensity zones ZH and the low intensity zones ZL can also be
curved, angled, and/or straight. It is to be appreciated that the
low intensity zone ZL of the graphic G1 on the front belt 106 may
extend from the high intensity zone ZH entirely to the first
longitudinal side edge 111a, and the low intensity zone ZL of the
graphic G2 on the front belt 106 may extend from the high intensity
zone ZH entirely to the second longitudinal side edge 111b. It is
to be appreciated that in some embodiments, the low intensity zones
ZL may not extend all the way to the first and second edges 111a,
111b. As also shown in FIGS. 6A-6C, the low intensity zones ZL of
the graphic G1 and graphic G2 on the front belt 106 may extend
entirely from the outer laterally extending waist edges 121, 122 to
perimeters of the leg openings 112. It is to be appreciated that in
some embodiments, the low intensity zones ZL may not extend all the
way to one of or both of the waist edges 121, 122 and/or the leg
openings 112.
[0102] As shown in FIGS. 6B-6C, the low intensity zone ZL of the
first graphic G1 may define a length L1 along the first belt 106
and the second belt 108, and the low intensity zone ZL of the
second graphic G2 may define a length L2 along the first belt 106
and the second belt 108. It is to be appreciated that lengths L1,
L2 of the low intensity zones ZL may vary. In some embodiments, the
lengths L1 and/or L2 may be from about 5 mm to about 30 mm. In some
embodiments, the lengths L1, L2 may be expressed in terms relative
to the pitch lengths PL of the first and second belts 106, 108. For
example, in some embodiments, the pitch lengths PL of the first
and/or second belts 106, 108 may be about 20 to about 50 times the
lengths L1 and/or L2.
[0103] As discussed above, substrates and/or components that may be
incorporated into manufactured absorbent articles, such as shown in
FIGS. 6A-7, may include graphics positioned and/or printed in such
a manner so as to reduce noticeable visible results of imprecise
and/or inconsistent manufacturing operations performed in areas
where the printing is located. And FIG. 8 shows a converting
apparatus 300 configured to assemble diaper pants such as shown in
FIGS. 6A-7. As shown in FIG. 8, a first continuous substrate layer
in the form of a continuous length of outer layer belt substrate
162 is combined with first and second separate continuous lengths
of inner layer belt substrates 164', 164'' and elastics 168 form a
continuous elastic laminate 402. The outer layer belt substrate 162
also defines the outer cover 161 discussed above with reference to
FIGS. 6A-7. With reference to FIGS. 8, 9A, and 9B, continuous
lengths of outer layer belt substrate 162, first and second inner
layers of belt substrate 164', 164'', outer elastic strands 170 and
inner elastic strands 172 are advanced in a machine direction MD
and combined at nip rolls 502 to form the continuous elastic
laminate 402.
[0104] Before entering the nip rolls 502, the outer layer belt
substrate 162 and/or the first and second inner belt substrates
164', 164'' may be printed with graphics having high intensity
zones and low intensity zones as discussed above. It is to be
appreciated that the graphic printing may be done during the
assembly process and/or may done separate to the assembly process,
such as for example, printing the substrates off line where the
printed substrates may be stored until needed for production.
[0105] As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9A, the outer belt substrate 162
includes first surface 162a and an opposing second surface 162b,
and defines a width W in the cross direction between opposing
longitudinal edges 163a, 163b. And the outer belt substrate 162 may
advance in the machine direction and may include graphics G printed
on the first surface 162a of the outer layer belt substrate 162. As
shown in FIG. 9A, although the graphics G are printed on the first
surface 162a of the outer layer belt substrate 162, the graphics G
may be visible through the second surface 162b. It is also to be
appreciated that the graphics G may be printed on either or both
the first and second surfaces 162a, 162b of the outer belt
substrate 162. It is also to be appreciated that graphics may be
printed on either or both the first and second surfaces 164a, 164b
of the first and second inner belt substrates 164', 164''.
[0106] As shown in FIG. 9A, each graphic G extends in the machine
direction and includes a central zone 500 positioned between
longitudinally opposing first and second zones 501, 503. The
central zone 500 is a low intensity zone ZL and the first and
second zones 501, 503 are high intensity zones ZH. For the purposes
of clarity, dashed lines 401 are shown in FIG. 9A to represent
example boundaries between the high intensity zones ZH and the low
intensity zones ZL. It is to be appreciated that such boundaries
between the high intensity zones ZH and the low intensity zones ZL
can also be curved, angled, and/or straight. As shown in FIG. 9A,
the central zone 500 defines a length, L, in the machine direction
MD. It is to be appreciated that lengths L of the central zones 500
may vary. In some embodiments, the lengths L may be from about 10
to about 60 mm. In some embodiments, the lengths L may also be
expressed in terms relative to the pitch lengths PL of the first
and second belts 106, 108 of the assembled diapers 100. For
example, in some embodiments, the pitch lengths PL of the first
and/or second belts 106, 108 may be about 10 to about 25 times the
length L. In addition, the central zone 500 and the first and
second zones extend in the cross direction CD for the entire width
W of the outer belt substrate 162. It is to be appreciated that in
some embodiments, the central zone 500 and/or the first and second
zones may extend in the cross direction CD for less than the entire
width W. Although FIG. 9A depicts consecutive first and second
zones 501, 503 as being separate from each other, it is to be
appreciated that the graphics G may be printed such that the
consecutive first and second zones may be contiguous, such as
discussed above with reference to FIG. 5A1.
[0107] Referring back to FIG. 8, before entering the nip rolls 502,
the outer elastic strands 170 and inner elastic strands 172 are
stretched in the machine direction MD. In addition, adhesive 504
may applied to the elastic strands 170, 172 as well as either or
both of the continuous lengths of outer layer belt substrate 162
and inner layer belt substrates 164', 164'' before entering nip
rolls 502. As such, the elastic strands 168 are bonded between the
first surface 162a of the outer layer belt substrate 162 and the
first surfaces 164a of inner layer belt substrates 164', 164'' at
the nip rolls 502. Further, adhesive 504 may be applied
intermittently along the lengths of the inner elastic strands 172
and/or intermittently along the length of either or both of the
continuous lengths of outer layer belt substrate 162 and inner
layer belt substrates 164', 164'' before entering nip rolls 502. As
previously discussed, the inner elastic strands 172 may be
intermittently bonded to either or both of the continuous lengths
of outer layer belt substrate 162 and inner layer belt substrates
164', 164'' along the machine direction MD.
[0108] With continued reference to FIG. 8, from the nip rolls 502
the continuous elastic laminate 402 advances in the machine
direction MD to a cutter 507 that removes material from a central
region of the continuous elastic laminate 402 to form holes 115
defined by perimeter edges 112c, such as shown in FIG. 9B. The
perimeter edges 112c may define all or portions of the perimeters
112a, 112b of the leg openings 112 mentioned above and shown in
FIG. 6A. It is to be appreciated that the cutter may be configured
to remove material from only the outer layer belt substrate 162. In
some configurations, the cutter 507 may be configured to remove
material from the outer belt substrate 162 as well as the first
inner layer belt substrate 164' and/or second inner layer belt
substrate 164''. The cutter 507 may also be configured as a
perforator that perforates the belt material with a line of
weakness and wherein the belt material is separated along the line
of weakness in a later step. It is also to be appreciated that the
cutter 507 may be configured to form holes 115 in the continuous
elastic laminate 402 before or after the continuous elastic
laminate 402 is combined with the chassis 102.
[0109] As shown in FIG. 9B, the continuous elastic laminate 402
includes a first elastic belt laminate 406 and a second elastic
belt laminate 408. More particularly, the combination of the outer
layer belt substrate 162, the first inner layer of belt substrate
164', and elastic strands 168 defines the first belt laminate 406.
And the combination of the outer layer belt substrate 162, the
second inner layer of belt substrate 164'', and elastic strands 168
defines the second belt laminate 408. The first belt laminate 406
includes an outer longitudinal edge 107a and an inner longitudinal
edge 107b that may define a substantially constant width, W1, in
the cross direction CD. And the second belt laminate 408 includes
an outer longitudinal edge 109a and an inner longitudinal edge 109b
that may define a substantially constant width, W2, in the cross
direction CD. In some configurations, W2 equal to W1. It is also to
be appreciated that in some configurations, W1 may be less than or
greater than W2. The first belt laminate 406 is separated in the
cross direction from the second belt laminate 408 to define a gap
between the inner longitudinal edge 107b of the first belt laminate
406 and the inner longitudinal edge 109b of the second belt
laminate 408.
[0110] As discussed above with reference to FIGS. 4, 5C, 5D1, and
5D2, and as shown in FIG. 8, a continuous length of chassis
assemblies 302 are advanced in a machine direction MD to a carrier
apparatus 308 and are cut into discrete chassis 102 with knife roll
306, while advancing in the orientation shown in FIG. 5D1. After
the discrete absorbent chassis 102 are cut by the knife roll 306,
the carrier apparatus 308 rotates and advances the discrete chassis
102 in the machine direction MD in the orientation shown in FIG.
5D1. The carrier apparatus 308 also rotates while at the same time
changing the orientation of the advancing chassis 102. In changing
the chassis orientation, the carrier apparatus 308 may turn each
chassis 102 such that the lateral axis 126 of the chassis 102 is
parallel or generally parallel with the machine direction MD, such
as shown in FIG. 5D2.
[0111] As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9E, the chassis 102 are transferred
from the carrier apparatus 308 to a nip 316 between the carrier
apparatus 308 and a roll 318 where the chassis 102 is combined with
the continuous elastic laminate 402. The chassis 102 may be spaced
apart from each other along the machine direction MD on the
continuous elastic laminate 402, wherein at least one hole 115 is
positioned between two consecutive chassis 102. The continuous
elastic laminate 402 includes a wearer facing surface 312 and an
opposing garment facing surface 314. As such, the second surface
162b of the outer layer belt substrate 162 may define the garment
facing surface 314. And the first surface 162a of the outer layer
belt substrate 162 and the second surfaces 164b of the inner layer
belt substrates 164', 164'' may define the wearer facing surface
312. The wearer facing surface 312 of the continuous elastic
laminate 402 may be combined with the garment facing surface 134 of
the chassis 102. As shown in FIG. 8, adhesive 320 may be
intermittently applied to the wearer facing surface 312 of the
continuous elastic laminate 402 before combining with the discrete
chassis 102 at the nip 316 between roll 318 and the carrier
apparatus 308.
[0112] With continued reference to FIGS. 8 and 9E, a continuous
length of absorbent articles 400 are defined by multiple discrete
chassis 102 spaced from each other along the machine direction MD
and connected with each other by the continuous elastic laminate
402. As shown in FIG. 8, the continuous length of absorbent
articles 400 advances from the nip 316 to a folding apparatus 332.
At the folding apparatus 332, the continuous elastic laminate 402
and each chassis 102 are folded in the cross direction CD parallel
to or along a lateral axis 126 to place the first waist region 116,
and specifically, the inner, body facing surface 132 into a facing,
surface to surface orientation with the inner, body surface 132 of
the second waist region 118. The folding operation creates the
lateral fold line 192 that defines the crotch end 190 discussed
above with reference to FIGS. 6B and 6C. The folding of the chassis
also positions the wearer facing surface 312 of the second belt
laminate 408 extending between each chassis 102 in a facing
relationship with the wearer facing surface 312 of the first belt
laminate 406 extending between each chassis 102.
[0113] As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9F, the folded continuous length of
absorbent articles 400 are advanced from the folding apparatus 332
to a bonder apparatus 334. The bonder apparatus 334 operates to
bond an overlap area 362, thus creating discrete bonds 336a, 336b.
The overlap area 362 includes a portion of the second belt laminate
408 extending between each chassis 102 and a portion of the first
belt laminate 406 extending between each chassis 102. As shown in
FIG. 5F, the discrete bonds 336a, 336b are positioned in the
central zone 500 of each graphic G. As previously mentioned, the
central zone 500 is a low intensity zone ZL. As such, the placement
of the discrete bonds 336a, 336b in the central zone 500 may help
reduce noticeable visible results of imprecise and/or inconsistent
placement of the discrete bonds. It is to be appreciated that the
bonder apparatus 334 may be configured in various ways to create
bonds 336a, 336b in various ways, such as for example with heat,
adhesives, pressure, and/or ultrasonics. It is also to be
appreciated that in some embodiments, the apparatus 300 may be
configured to refastenably bond the overlap area 362, in addition
to or as opposed to permanently bonding the overlap area 362. Thus,
the discrete bonds 336a, 336b may be configured to be refastenable,
such as with hooks and loops, and may be positioned in the central
zone 500 of each graphic G.
[0114] Referring now to FIGS. 8 and 9G, the continuous length of
absorbent articles 400 are advanced from the bonder 334 to a
cutting apparatus 338 where the first belt laminate 406 and the
second belt laminate 408 are cut along the cross direction CD
through the central zones 500 of each graphic G and between
adjacent bonds 336a, 336b to create discrete absorbent articles
100. Because the central zone 500 is a low intensity zone ZL,
cutting through central zone 500 with cutting apparatus 338 may
help reduce noticeable visible results of imprecise and/or
inconsistent placement of the cut lines.
[0115] As shown in FIG. 9G, the continuous length of absorbent
articles 400 are cut into discrete pieces to form the front and
back elastic belts 106, 108, each having a pitch length, PL,
extending along the machine direction. As such, bond 336a may
correspond with and form a first side seam 178 on an absorbent
article 100, and the bond 336b may correspond with and form a
second side seam 180 on a subsequently advancing absorbent article.
In addition, the cutting apparatus 338 severs the first belt
laminate 406 and the second belt laminate 408 through the graphics
G to define the first graphic G1 adjacent the first side seam 178
and the second graphic G2 adjacent the second side seam 180. As
such, the first graphic G1 may be defined by the second zone 503
and a portion of the central zone 500 of a graphic G, and the
second graphic G2 may be defined by the first zone 501 and another
portion of the central zone 500 of a graphic G.
Method for Measuring Print Color and Print Density
[0116] Print color and density on a printed nonwoven or film is
measured using a hand held, 45.degree./0.degree. configuration,
hemispherical geometry spectrophotometer, the X-rite eXact
Spectrophotometer (available from X-Rite, Grand Rapids Mich.), or
equivalent instrument, with a 4.0 mm optical aperture. This
instrument measures print density based on reflection density
expressed as the logarithm of the reciprocal of the reflectance
factor. Set the scale to L*a*b* units, 2.degree. Observer, C
Illumination, Abs White Base, no Physical Filter, and the Density
Standard of ANSI T. Measurements are performed in an environment
controlled lab held at about 23.degree. C..+-.2 C..degree. and
50%.+-.2% relative humidity.
[0117] Calibrate the instrument per the vender's instructions using
the standard white board (available as PG2000 from Sun
Chemical-Vivitek Division, Charlotte, N.C.) each day before
analyses are performed. Remove the substrate to be measured from
the sample article. If necessary, a cryogenic freeze-spray (e.g.,
Cyto-freeze, available from Control Company, Houston Tex.) can be
used to facilitate removal. Samples are conditioned at about
23.degree. C..+-.2 C..degree. and 50%.+-.2% relative humidity for 2
hours before testing.
[0118] Place the Standard White Board on a horizontal bench,
standard side facing upward. Place the specimen flat on top of the
Standard White Board with the printed side facing upward. Place the
eXact spectrophotometer on the specimen such that the measurement
site is free of folds and wrinkles and 100% of the measurement site
is within the instrument's aperture. Take a reading for density and
L*a*b* color and record each to the nearest 0.01 units.
[0119] In like fashion the measure is repeated on corresponding
sites on five (5) substantially similar printed substrates and the
density and L*a*b* color values averaged separately and reported to
the nearest 0.01 units.
[0120] It is to be appreciated that the methods of assembly of
diaper pants specifically described herein and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings are non-limiting example embodiments. The
features illustrated or described in connection with one
non-limiting embodiment may be combined with the features of other
non-limiting embodiments. Such modifications and variations are
intended to be included within the scope of the present
disclosure.
[0121] The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be
understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values
recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension
is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally
equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension
disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm."
[0122] Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced
or related patent or application and any patent application or
patent to which this application claims priority or benefit
thereof, is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety
unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any
document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to
any invention disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in
any combination with any other reference or references, teaches,
suggests or discloses any such invention. Further, to the extent
that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts
with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document
incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to
that term in this document shall govern.
[0123] While particular embodiments of the present invention have
been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those
skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can
be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the
invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims
all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of
this invention.
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