U.S. patent application number 16/632221 was filed with the patent office on 2021-07-22 for display substrate, display apparatus, method of controlling display substrate, and method of fabricating display substrate.
This patent application is currently assigned to Beijing BOE Display Technology Co., Ltd.. The applicant listed for this patent is BEIJING BOE DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD., BOE TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO., LTD.. Invention is credited to Zhanchang BU, Shou LI, Chunbing ZHANG.
Application Number | 20210225954 16/632221 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000005511136 |
Filed Date | 2021-07-22 |
United States Patent
Application |
20210225954 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
ZHANG; Chunbing ; et
al. |
July 22, 2021 |
DISPLAY SUBSTRATE, DISPLAY APPARATUS, METHOD OF CONTROLLING DISPLAY
SUBSTRATE, AND METHOD OF FABRICATING DISPLAY SUBSTRATE
Abstract
A display substrate is provided. The display substrate includes
a first chromogenic layer; a plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements on the first chromogenic layer; a second
chromogenic layer on a side of the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements away from the first chromogenic layer; and
a plurality of second columns of light emitting elements on a side
of the second chromogenic layer away from the first chromogenic
layer. The plurality of first columns of light emitting elements
are arranged along substantially a same direction as the plurality
of second columns of light emitting elements. The plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements are spaced apart by a
plurality of inter-column gap regions respectively. A respective
one of the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements is
at least partially in a respective one of the plurality of
inter-column gap regions.
Inventors: |
ZHANG; Chunbing; (Beijing,
CN) ; LI; Shou; (Beijing, CN) ; BU;
Zhanchang; (Beijing, CN) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
BEIJING BOE DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD.
BOE TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO., LTD. |
Beijing
Beijing |
|
CN
CN |
|
|
Assignee: |
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co.,
Ltd.
Beijing
CN
BOE Technology Group Co., Ltd.
Beijing
CN
|
Family ID: |
1000005511136 |
Appl. No.: |
16/632221 |
Filed: |
July 26, 2019 |
PCT Filed: |
July 26, 2019 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/CN2019/097903 |
371 Date: |
January 17, 2020 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01L 27/3232 20130101;
H01L 27/3218 20130101; H01L 51/56 20130101 |
International
Class: |
H01L 27/32 20060101
H01L027/32; H01L 51/56 20060101 H01L051/56 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 26, 2018 |
CN |
201811420234.6 |
Claims
1. A display substrate, comprising: a first chromogenic layer; a
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements on the first
chromogenic layer; a second chromogenic layer on a side of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements away from the
first chromogenic layer; and a plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements on a side of the second chromogenic layer away
from the first chromogenic layer; wherein the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements are arranged along substantially
a same direction as the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements; the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements are spaced apart by a plurality of inter-column
gap regions respectively; and a respective one of the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements is at least partially in a
respective one of the plurality of inter-column gap regions.
2. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein an orthographic
projection of a respective one the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements on the first chromogenic layer is at least
partially non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements on the first
chromogenic layer; and an orthographic projection of a respective
one the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements on
the first chromogenic layer is at least partially non-overlapping
with an orthographic projection of the plurality of first columns
of light emitting elements on the first chromogenic layer.
3. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein the second chromogenic
layer occupies at least the plurality of inter-column gap
regions.
4. The display substrate of claim 3, wherein an orthographic
projection of the first chromogenic layer on a base substrate
substantially covers an orthographic projection of the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements on the base substrate; and
an orthographic projection of the second chromogenic layer on the
base substrate substantially covers an orthographic projection of
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements on the
base substrate.
5. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements are a plurality of dual emitting
light emitting elements and configured to emit light along a first
direction from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements to the second chromogenic layer and along a second
direction from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements to the first chromogenic layer; and the plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements are a plurality of top
emitting light emitting elements and configured to emit light along
the first direction.
6. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, when the display
substrate is configured to be operated in a three-dimensional image
display mode, the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements are turned off; the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are turned on and configured to emit light; the
second chromogenic layer is configured to be in a light
transmitting state and configured to allow light emitted from the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements along the
first direction to transmit through the second chromogenic layer
and the plurality of inter-column gap regions; and the first
chromogenic layer is configured to be in a light blocking state
configured to block light emitted from the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements along the second direction from
transmitting through the first chromogenic layer.
7. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, when the display
substrate is configured to be operated in a two-dimensional image
display mode, the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements and the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements are both turned on and configured to emit light; the
second chromogenic layer is configured to be in a light
transmitting state configured to allow light emitted from the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements along the
first direction to transmit through the second chromogenic layer
and the plurality of inter-column gap regions; and the first
chromogenic layer is configured to be in a light blocking state
configured to block light emitted from the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements along the second direction from
transmitting through the first chromogenic layer.
8. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein, when the display
substrate is configured to be operated in a two-side display mode,
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements and the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements are both
turned on and configured to emit light; the second chromogenic
layer is configured to be in a light blocking state configured to
block light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements along the first direction from transmitting
through the second chromogenic layer; and the first chromogenic
layer is configured to be in a light transmitting state configured
to allow light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements along the second direction to transmit through
the first chromogenic layer.
9. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein at least one of the
first chromogenic layer or the second chromogenic layer is an
integral unitary layer extending substantially throughout the
display substrate.
10. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein the second
chromogenic layer comprises a plurality of second chromogenic bars
respectively in the plurality of inter-column gap regions; the
first chromogenic layer comprises a plurality of first chromogenic
bars; and an orthographic projection of a respective one of the
plurality of first chromogenic bars on a base substrate
substantially covers an orthographic projection of a respective one
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements on the
base substrate.
11. The display substrate of claim 1, further comprising a first
controller configured to control the first chromogenic layer to
reversibly transition between a light transmitting state and a
light blocking state; and a second controller configured to control
the second chromogenic layer to reversibly transition between the
light transmitting state and the light blocking state.
12. The display substrate of claim 9, wherein first chromogenic
layer and the second chromogenic layer are two different
photochromic layers selected from a group consisting of an infrared
light photochromic layer and an ultraviolent light photochromic
layer; the first controller is a first substantially transparent
layer configured to control light transmitting state of the first
chromogenic layer by transmitting infrared light or ultraviolent
light to the first chromogenic layer; and the second controller is
a second substantially transparent layer configured to control
light transmitting state of the second chromogenic layer by
transmitting infrared light or ultraviolent light to the second
chromogenic layer.
13. The display substrate of claim 1, wherein a respective one of
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements comprises
a plurality of rows of first light emitting elements; a respective
one of the plurality of rows of first light emitting elements
comprises a plurality of first subpixels; a respective one of the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements comprises a
plurality of rows of second light emitting elements; and a
respective one of the plurality of rows of second light emitting
elements comprises a plurality of second subpixels.
14. A display apparatus, comprising: the display substrate of claim
1; and one or more integrated circuits connected to the display
substrate.
15. The display apparatus of claim 14, further comprising an
infrared light source and an ultraviolent light source respectively
connected with the first chromogenic layer and the second
chromogenic layer.
16. A method of controlling a display substrate; wherein the
display substrate comprises: a first chromogenic layer; a plurality
of first columns of light emitting elements on the first
chromogenic layer; a second chromogenic layer on a side of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements away from the
first chromogenic layer; and a plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements on a side of the second chromogenic layer away
from the first chromogenic layer; wherein the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements are arranged substantially along
a same direction as the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements; the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements are spaced apart by a plurality of inter-column
gap regions respectively; and a respective one of the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements is at least partially in a
respective one of the plurality of inter-column gap regions;
wherein the method comprises: controlling the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements to reversibly transition between
a turned-on state and a turned-off state; controlling the plurality
of second columns of light emitting elements to reversibly
transition between the turned-on state and the turned-off state;
controlling the first chromogenic layer to reversibly transition
between a light transmitting state and a light blocking state; and
controlling the second chromogenic layer to reversibly transition
between a light transmitting state and a light blocking state.
17. The method of claim 16, further comprising operating the
display substrate in a three-dimensional image display mode;
wherein operating the display substrate in the three-dimensional
image display mode comprises: controlling the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements to be in the turned-off state;
controlling the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements to be in the turned-on state to emit light; controlling
the second chromogenic layer to be in the light transmitting state
to allow light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements along the first direction to transmit through the
second chromogenic layer and the plurality of inter-column gap
regions; and controlling the first chromogenic layer to be in the
light blocking state to block light emitted from the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements along the second direction
from transmitting through the first chromogenic layer.
18. The method of claim 16, further comprising operating the
display substrate in a two-dimensional image display mode; wherein
operating the display substrate in a two-dimensional image display
mode comprises: controlling both the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements and the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements to be in the turned-on state to emit light;
controlling the second chromogenic layer to be in the light
transmitting state to allow light emitted from the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements along the first direction
to transmit through the second chromogenic layer and the plurality
of inter-column gap regions; and controlling the first chromogenic
layer to be in a light blocking state to block light emitted from
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements along the
second direction from transmitting through the first chromogenic
layer.
19. The method of claim 16, further comprising operating the
display substrate in a two-side display mode; wherein operating the
display substrate in the two-side display mode comprises:
controlling both the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements and the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements to be in the turned-on state to emit light; controlling
the second chromogenic layer to be in the light blocking state to
block light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements along the first direction from transmitting
through the second chromogenic layer; and controlling the first
chromogenic layer to be in the light transmitting state to allow
light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements along the second direction to transmit through the first
chromogenic layer.
20. A method of fabricating a display substrate, comprising:
forming a first chromogenic layer; forming a plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements on the first chromogenic layer;
forming a second chromogenic layer on a side of the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements away from the first
chromogenic layer; and forming a plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements on a side of the second chromogenic layer
away from the first chromogenic layer; wherein the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements are arranged substantially
along a same direction as the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements; the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements are spaced apart by a plurality of inter-column
gap regions respectively; and a respective one of the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements is at least partially in a
respective one of the plurality of inter-column gap regions.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent
Application No. 201811420234.6, filed Nov. 26, 2018. Each of the
forgoing applications is herein incorporated by reference in its
entirety for all purposes.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present invention relates to display technology, more
particularly, to a display substrate, a display apparatus, a method
of controlling a display substrate, and a method of fabricating a
display substrate.
BACKGROUND
[0003] In present, the organic light emitting diode (OLED) display
apparatus attracts more and more attention, because the OLED
display apparatus has many advantages including self-illumination,
rich colors, fast reaction speed, wide viewing angle, high contrast
ratio, low power consumption, lightness and thinness, and good
flexibility.
SUMMARY
[0004] In one aspect, the present invention provides a display
substrate, comprising a first chromogenic layer; a plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements on the first chromogenic
layer; a second chromogenic layer on a side of the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements away from the first
chromogenic layer; and a plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements on a side of the second chromogenic layer away
from the first chromogenic layer; wherein the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements are arranged along substantially
a same direction as the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements; the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements are spaced apart by a plurality of inter-column
gap regions respectively; and a respective one of the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements is at least partially in a
respective one of the plurality of inter-column gap regions.
[0005] Optionally, an orthographic projection of a respective one
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements on the
first chromogenic layer is at least partially non-overlapping with
an orthographic projection of the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements on the first chromogenic layer; and an
orthographic projection of a respective one the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements on the first chromogenic layer
is at least partially non-overlapping with an orthographic
projection of the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements on the first chromogenic layer.
[0006] Optionally, the second chromogenic layer occupies at least
the plurality of inter-column gap regions.
[0007] Optionally, an orthographic projection of the first
chromogenic layer on a base substrate substantially covers an
orthographic projection of the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements on the base substrate; and an orthographic
projection of the second chromogenic layer on the base substrate
substantially covers an orthographic projection of the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements on the base substrate.
[0008] Optionally, the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements are a plurality of dual emitting light emitting elements
and configured to emit light along a first direction from the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements to the second
chromogenic layer and along a second direction from the plurality
of first columns of light emitting elements to the first
chromogenic layer; and the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements are a plurality of top emitting light emitting
elements and configured to emit light along the first
direction.
[0009] Optionally, when the display substrate is configured to be
operated in a three-dimensional image display mode, the plurality
of second columns of light emitting elements are turned off; the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements are turned on
and configured to emit light; the second chromogenic layer is
configured to be in a light transmitting state and configured to
allow light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements along the first direction to transmit through the
second chromogenic layer and the plurality of inter-column gap
regions; and the first chromogenic layer is configured to be in a
light blocking state configured to block light emitted from the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements along the
second direction from transmitting through the first chromogenic
layer.
[0010] Optionally, when the display substrate is configured to be
operated in a two-dimensional image display mode, the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements and the plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements are both turned on and
configured to emit light; the second chromogenic layer is
configured to be in a light transmitting state configured to allow
light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements along the first direction to transmit through the second
chromogenic layer and the plurality of inter-column gap regions;
and the first chromogenic layer is configured to be in a light
blocking state configured to block light emitted from the plurality
of first columns of light emitting elements along the second
direction from transmitting through the first chromogenic
layer.
[0011] Optionally, when the display substrate is configured to be
operated in a two-side display mode, the plurality of first columns
of light emitting elements and the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements are both turned on and configured to emit
light; the second chromogenic layer is configured to be in a light
blocking state configured to block light emitted from the plurality
of first columns of light emitting elements along the first
direction from transmitting through the second chromogenic layer;
and the first chromogenic layer is configured to be in a light
transmitting state configured to allow light emitted from the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements along the
second direction to transmit through the first chromogenic
layer.
[0012] Optionally, at least one of the first chromogenic layer or
the second chromogenic layer is an integral unitary layer extending
substantially throughout the display substrate.
[0013] Optionally, the second chromogenic layer comprises a
plurality of second chromogenic bars respectively in the plurality
of inter-column gap regions; the first chromogenic layer comprises
a plurality of first chromogenic bars; and an orthographic
projection of a respective one of the plurality of first
chromogenic bars on a base substrate substantially covers an
orthographic projection of a respective one the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements on the base substrate.
[0014] Optionally, the display substrate further comprises a first
controller configured to control the first chromogenic layer to
reversibly transition between a light transmitting state and a
light blocking state; and a second controller configured to control
the second chromogenic layer to reversibly transition between the
light transmitting state and the light blocking state.
[0015] Optionally, first chromogenic layer and the second
chromogenic layer are two different photochromic layers selected
from a group consisting of an infrared light photochromic layer and
an ultraviolent light photochromic layer; the first controller is a
first substantially transparent layer configured to control light
transmitting state of the first chromogenic layer by transmitting
infrared light or ultraviolent light to the first chromogenic
layer; and the second controller is a second substantially
transparent layer configured to control light transmitting state of
the second chromogenic layer by transmitting infrared light or
ultraviolent light to the second chromogenic layer.
[0016] Optionally, a respective one of the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements comprises a plurality of rows of
first light emitting elements; a respective one of the plurality of
rows of first light emitting elements comprises a plurality of
first subpixels; a respective one of the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements comprises a plurality of rows of
second light emitting elements; and a respective one of the
plurality of rows of second light emitting elements comprises a
plurality of second subpixels.
[0017] In another aspect, the present invention provides a display
apparatus, comprising the display substrate described herein or
fabricated by a method described herein; and one or more integrated
circuits connected to the display substrate.
[0018] Optionally, the display apparatus further comprises an
infrared light source and an ultraviolent light source respectively
connected with the first chromogenic layer and the second
chromogenic layer.
[0019] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method
of controlling a display substrate; wherein the display substrate
comprises a first chromogenic layer; a plurality of first columns
of light emitting elements on the first chromogenic layer; a second
chromogenic layer on a side of the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements away from the first chromogenic layer; and
a plurality of second columns of light emitting elements on a side
of the second chromogenic layer away from the first chromogenic
layer; wherein the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements are arranged substantially along a same direction as the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements; the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements are spaced
apart by a plurality of inter-column gap regions respectively; and
a respective one of the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements is at least partially in a respective one of the
plurality of inter-column gap regions; wherein the method comprises
controlling the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements to reversibly transition between a turned-on state and a
turned-off state; controlling the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements to reversibly transition between the
turned-on state and the turned-off state; controlling the first
chromogenic layer to reversibly transition between a light
transmitting state and a light blocking state; and controlling the
second chromogenic layer to reversibly transition between a light
transmitting state and a light blocking state.
[0020] Optionally, the method further comprises operating the
display substrate in a three-dimensional image display mode;
wherein operating the display substrate in the three-dimensional
image display mode comprises controlling the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements to be in the turned-off state;
controlling the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements to be in the turned-on state to emit light; controlling
the second chromogenic layer to be in the light transmitting state
to allow light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements along the first direction to transmit through the
second chromogenic layer and the plurality of inter-column gap
regions; and controlling the first chromogenic layer to be in the
light blocking state to block light emitted from the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements along the second direction
from transmitting through the first chromogenic layer.
[0021] Optionally, the method further comprises operating the
display substrate in a two-dimensional image display mode; wherein
operating the display substrate in a two-dimensional image display
mode comprises controlling both the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements and the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements to be in the turned-on state to emit light;
controlling the second chromogenic layer to be in the light
transmitting state to allow light emitted from the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements along the first direction
to transmit through the second chromogenic layer and the plurality
of inter-column gap regions; and controlling the first chromogenic
layer to be in a light blocking state to block light emitted from
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements along the
second direction from transmitting through the first chromogenic
layer.
[0022] Optionally, the method further comprises operating the
display substrate in a two-side display mode; wherein operating the
display substrate in the two-side display mode comprises
controlling both the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements and the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements to be in the turned-on state to emit light; controlling
the second chromogenic layer to be in the light blocking state to
block light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements along the first direction from transmitting
through the second chromogenic layer; and controlling the first
chromogenic layer to be in the light transmitting state to allow
light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements along the second direction to transmit through the first
chromogenic layer.
[0023] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method
of fabricating a display substrate, comprising forming a first
chromogenic layer; forming a plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements on the first chromogenic layer; forming a second
chromogenic layer on a side of the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements away from the first chromogenic layer; and
forming a plurality of second columns of light emitting elements on
a side of the second chromogenic layer away from the first
chromogenic layer; wherein the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are arranged substantially along a same direction
as the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements; the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements are spaced
apart by a plurality of inter-column gap regions respectively; and
a respective one of the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements is at least partially in a respective one of the
plurality of inter-column gap regions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0024] The following drawings are merely examples for illustrative
purposes according to various disclosed embodiments and are not
intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0025] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional display
substrate according to the present disclosure.
[0026] FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
substrate in some embodiments according to the present
disclosure.
[0027] FIG. 2B is a plan view of a structure of a display substrate
in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0028] FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
substrate in some embodiments according to the present
disclosure.
[0029] FIG. 2D is a plan view of a structure of a display substrate
in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 2E is a plan view of a structure of a display substrate
in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0031] FIG. 2F is a plan view of a structure of a display substrate
in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0032] FIG. 2G is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
substrate in some embodiments according to the present
disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
substrate and three different displaying modes of the display
substrate in some embodiments according to the present
disclosure.
[0034] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
substrate in some embodiments according to the present
disclosure.
[0035] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of illustrating a working
principle of a three-dimensional display of a display substrate in
some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0036] FIG. 6 is a zoom-in view of a partial structure of a display
substrate in some embodiments according to the present
disclosure.
[0037] FIG. 7 is a plan view of a structure of a display substrate
in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0038] FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating a method of fabricating
a display substrate in some embodiments according to the present
disclosure.
[0039] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
apparatus in some embodiments according to the present
disclosure.
[0040] FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating a method of operating
the display substrate in a three-dimensional image display mode in
some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0041] FIG. 11 is a flow chart illustrating a method of operating
the display substrate in a two-dimensional image display mode in
some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0042] FIG. 12 is a flow chart illustrating a method of operating
the display substrate in a two-side display mode in some
embodiments according to the present disclosure.
[0043] FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a display apparatus
performing three different displaying modes in some embodiments
according to the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0044] The disclosure will now be described more specifically with
reference to the following embodiments. It is to be noted that the
following descriptions of some embodiments are presented herein for
purpose of illustration and description only. It is not intended to
be exhaustive or to be limited to the precise form disclosed.
[0045] Usually, the display panel of an OLED display apparatus
includes a light emitting layer only emit light in one direction,
which cannot perform multiple display tasks including
three-dimensional display and two-side display.
[0046] Accordingly, the present disclosure provides, inter alia, a
display substrate, a display apparatus, a method of controlling a
display substrate and a method of fabricating a display substrate
that substantially obviate one or more of the problems due to
limitations and disadvantages of the related art. In one aspect,
the present disclosure provides a display substrate. In some
embodiments, the display substrate includes a first chromogenic
layer; a plurality of first columns of light emitting elements on
the first chromogenic layer; a second chromogenic layer on a side
of the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements away
from the first chromogenic layer; and a plurality of second columns
of light emitting elements on a side of the second chromogenic
layer away from the first chromogenic layer. Optionally, the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements are arranged
substantially along a same direction as the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements. Optionally, the plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements are spaced apart by a
plurality of inter-column gap regions respectively. Optionally, a
respective one of the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements is at least partially in a respective one of the plurality
of inter-column gap regions.
[0047] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional display
substrate according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 1,
a conventional display substrate includes a base substrate 01, and
a one-sided light emitting layer 02 on the base substrate 01. It is
disclosed by the present disclosure that the one-sided light
emitting layer 02 cannot perform multiple display tasks including
three-dimensional display and two-side display.
[0048] FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
substrate in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
Referring to FIG. 2A, in some embodiments, the display substrate 1
disclosed in the present disclosure includes a base substrate 11, a
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 on the
base substrate 11, and a plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements 12 on a side of the base substrate 11 away from
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13.
Optionally, the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 are arranged substantially along a same direction X
(e.g., the arrangement direction X) as the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements 12.
[0049] As used herein, the term "arranged substantially along a
same direction" refers to a first arrangement direction of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements and a second
arrangement direction of the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements forming a dihedral angle between them, and the
dihedral angle is in a range of 0 degree to approximately 15
degrees, e.g., 0 degree, 0 degree to approximately 1 degree,
approximately 1 degree to approximately 2 degrees, approximately 2
degree to approximately 5 degrees, approximately 5 degree to
approximately 10 degrees, and approximately 10 degree to
approximately 15 degrees. For example, the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements 13 are arranged along a first
arrangement direction X1, the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements 12 are arranged along a second arrangement
direction X2. a dihedral angle between the first arrangement
direction X1 and the second arrangement direction X2 is 0 degree,
and the dihedral angle between the first arrangement direction X1,
the second arrangement direction X2, and the arrangement direction
X is also 0 degree.
[0050] FIG. 2B is a plan view of a structure of a display substrate
in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring
to FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, in some embodiments, the plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements 12 are spaced apart by a
plurality of inter-column gap regions 120 respectively. Optionally,
a respective one of the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements 13 is at least partially in a respective one of
the plurality of inter-column gap regions 120. Optionally, the
respective one of the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 is substantially in the respective one of the plurality
of inter-column gap regions 120.
[0051] FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
substrate in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 2D is a plan view of a structure of a display substrate in
some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring to
FIG. 2C and FIG. 2D, optionally, the respective one of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 is
partially in the respective one of the plurality of inter-column
gap regions 120.
[0052] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 2A to FIG. 2D, an
orthographic projection of a respective one the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements 13 on the base substrate 11 is
at least partially non-overlapping with an orthographic projection
of the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 on
the base substrate 11. An orthographic projection of a respective
one the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12
on the base substrate 11 is at least partially non-overlapping with
an orthographic projection of the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements 13 on the base substrate 11.
[0053] FIG. 2E is a plan view of a structure of a display substrate
in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring
to FIG. 2E, in some embodiments, a respective one of the plurality
of first columns of light emitting elements 13 includes a plurality
of rows of first light emitting elements 131. A respective one of
the plurality of rows of first light emitting elements 131 includes
a plurality of first subpixels 132, e.g. three first subpixels. In
some embodiments, a respective one of the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements 12 includes a plurality of rows
of second light emitting elements 121. A respective one of the
plurality of rows of second light emitting elements 121 includes a
plurality of second subpixels 122, e.g., three second
subpixels.
[0054] FIG. 2F is a plan view of a structure of a display substrate
in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring
to FIG. 2F, in some embodiments, the respective one of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 includes
the plurality of rows of first light emitting elements 131. The
respective one of the plurality of rows of first light emitting
elements 131 includes a single first subpixel of the plurality of
first subpixels 132. In some embodiments, the respective one of the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 includes
the plurality of rows of second light emitting elements 121. The
respective one of the plurality of rows of second light emitting
elements 121 includes the single second subpixel of the plurality
of second subpixels 122.
[0055] FIG. 2G is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
substrate in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
Referring to FIG. 2F and FIG. 2G, in some embodiments, a respective
one of the plurality of first subpixels 132 is selected from a
groups consisting a subpixel in red color, a subpixel in blue
color, and a subpixel in green color. A respective one of the
plurality of second subpixels 122 is selected from the groups
consisting a red subpixel, a subpixel in blue color, and a subpixel
in green color. For example, the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements 13 includes a first subpixel in red color
131R, a first subpixel in blue color 131B, and a first subpixel in
green color 131G. The plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements 12 includes a second subpixel in red color 121R, a second
subpixel in blue color 121B, and a second subpixel in green color
121G.
[0056] Optionally, referring to FIG. 2F, an orthographic projection
of the first subpixel in green color 131G on the plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements 12 at least partially in
an inter-column gap region between the second subpixel in red color
121R and a second subpixel in blue color 121B. An orthographic
projection of the first subpixel in red color 131R on the plurality
of second columns of light emitting elements 12 at least partially
in an inter-column gat region between the second subpixel in blue
color 121B and a second subpixel in green color 121G. An
orthographic projection of the first subpixel in blue color 131B on
the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 at
least partially in an inter-column gap region between the second
subpixel in green color 121G and the second subpixel in red color
121R.
[0057] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
substrate and three different displaying modes of the display
substrate in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
A left figure of FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a
display substrate. Referring to the left figure of FIG. 3, in some
embodiments, the display apparatus includes the first chromogenic
layer 15; the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements
13 on the first chromogenic layer 15; the second chromogenic layer
14 on a side of the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 away from the first chromogenic layer 15; and the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 on a side
of the second chromogenic layer 14 away from the first chromogenic
layer 15.
[0058] For example, referring to FIG. 3, an orthographic projection
of the respective one the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements 13 on the first chromogenic layer 15 is at least
partially non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 on the
first chromogenic layer 15. An orthographic projection of the
respective one the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements 12 on the first chromogenic layer 15 is at least partially
non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements 13 on the first
chromogenic layer 15.
[0059] Optionally, both the first chromogenic layer 15 and the
second chromogenic layer 14 has a light transmitting state and a
light blocking state. For example, in the light transmitting state,
the first chromogenic layer 15 and the second chromogenic layer 14
are substantially transparent. In the light block state, the first
chromogenic layer 15 and the second chromogenic layer are
substantially non-transparent. Optionally, the first chromogenic
layer 15 can be controlled to reversibly transition between the
light transmitting state and the light blocking state. Optionally,
the second chromogenic layer 14 can be controlled to reversibly
transition between the light transmitting state and the light
blocking state.
[0060] As used herein, the term "substantially transparent" means
at least 50 percent (e.g., at least 60 percent, at least 70
percent, at least 80 percent, at least 90 percent, and at least 95
percent) of an incident light in the visible wavelength range
transmitted therethrough.
[0061] As used herein, the term "substantially non-transparent"
means less than 50 percent (e.g., less than 50 percent, less than
40 percent, less than 30 percent, less than 20 percent, less than
10 percent, zero percent) of an incident light in the visible
wavelength range transmitted therethrough.
[0062] In some embodiments, the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements 13 are a plurality of dual emitting light
emitting elements and configured to emit light along a first
direction D1 from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 to the second chromogenic layer 14 and along a second
direction D2 from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 to the first chromogenic layer 15. The plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements 12 are a plurality of top
emitting light emitting elements and configured to emit light along
the first direction D1. For example, the light emitted from the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 is
emitted from a side of the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements 12 away from the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements 13.
[0063] A right top figure of FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram
illustrating a three-dimensional image display mode in some
embodiments according to the present disclosure. In some
embodiments, referring to the right top figure of FIG. 3, when the
display substrate 1 is configured to be operated in a
three-dimensional image display mode, the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements 12 are turned off, and the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 are turned
on and configured to emit light. The second chromogenic layer 14 is
configured to be in the light transmitting state and configured to
allow light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements 13 along the first direction D1 to transmit
through the second chromogenic layer 14 and the plurality of
inter-column gap regions 120; and the first chromogenic layer 15 is
configured to be in the light blocking state configured to block
light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 along the second direction D2 from transmitting through
the first chromogenic layer 15.
[0064] A right middle figure of FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram
illustrating a two-dimensional image display mode in some
embodiments according to the present disclosure. In some
embodiments, referring to the right middle figure of FIG. 3, when
the display substrate 1 is configured to be operated in a
two-dimensional image display mode, the plurality of first columns
of light emitting elements 13 and the plurality of second columns
of light emitting elements 12 are both turned on and configured to
emit light. The second chromogenic layer 14 is configured to be in
the light transmitting state configured to allow light emitted from
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 along
the first direction D1 to transmit through the second chromogenic
layer 14 and the plurality of inter-column gap regions 120. The
first chromogenic layer 15 is configured to be in the light
blocking state configured to block light emitted from the plurality
of first columns of light emitting elements 13 along the second
direction D2 from transmitting through the first chromogenic layer
15.
[0065] A right bottom figure of FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram
illustrating a two-side display mode in some embodiments according
to the present disclosure. In some embodiments, referring to the
right bottom figure of FIG. 3, when the display substrate 1 is
configured to be operated in a two-side display mode, the plurality
of first columns of light emitting elements 13 and the plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements 12 are both turned on and
configured to emit light. The second chromogenic layer 14 is
configured to be in the light blocking state configured to block
light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 along the first direction D1 from transmitting through
the second chromogenic layer 14. The first chromogenic layer 15 is
configured to be in the light transmitting state configured to
allow light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements 13 along the second direction D2 to transmit
through the first chromogenic layer 15.
[0066] In some embodiments, both the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements 13 and the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements 12 are a plurality of single sided emitting
light emitting elements.
[0067] Optionally, light emitted from the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements 12 has a light emitting
direction along the first direction D1. Light emitted from the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 has a
light emitting direction along the first direction D1. When the
display substrate 1 is configured to be operated in the
two-dimensional image display mode, the plurality of first columns
of light emitting elements 13 and the plurality of second columns
of light emitting elements 12 are both turned on and configured to
emit light along the first direction D1. When the display substrate
1 is configured to be operated in the three-dimensional image
display mode, the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements 12 are turned off, and the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements 13 are turned on and configured to emit
light along the first direction D1.
[0068] Optionally, light emitted from the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements 12 has the light emitting
direction along the second direction D1. Light emitted from the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 has the
light emitting direction along the second direction D2. When the
display substrate 1 is configured to be operated in the two-side
display mode, the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 and the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements 12 are both turned on and configured to emit light.
[0069] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 3, the plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements 12 and the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements 13 are on two opposing
side of the base substrate 11. Optionally, the second chromogenic
layer 14 is between the base substrate 11 and the plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements 12, so a first display
surface of the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements 12 is a side of the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements 12 away from the base substrate 11, a second
display surface of the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 is a side of the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements 13 away from the base substrate 11.
[0070] Optionally, the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements 12 and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements 13 are on a same side of the base substrate 11.
Optionally, the second chromogenic layer 14 is between the base
substrate 11 and the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13. As long as the light emitted from the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements 13 can transmit through
the plurality of inter-column gap regions 120, and the second
chromogenic layer 14 in the light blocking state can block light
emitted from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 from transmitting through the plurality of inter-column
gap regions 120.
[0071] In some embodiments, the second chromogenic layer 14
occupies at least the plurality of inter-column gap regions 120. As
used herein, the term "occupy" in the context of the present
disclosure refers to a layer extends across a gap region. For
example, the second chromogenic layer 14 occupies at least the
plurality of inter-column gap regions 120 by extending across the
plurality of inter-column gap regions 120 along a plane that
intersect the plurality of inter-column gap regions 120.
Optionally, when a layer occupies a gap region along a plane
intersecting the gap region, the layer is present in substantially
all of an intersecting area between the plane and the gap region.
For example, when the second chromogenic layer 14 occupies at least
the plurality of inter-column gap regions 120, the second
chromogenic layer 14 is present in substantially all of a plurality
of intersecting areas between the plane and the plurality of
inter-column gap regions 120. As used herein, the term
"substantially all" refers to at least 90%, e.g., at least 95%, at
least 99%, or 100%.
[0072] Optionally, an orthographic projection of the first
chromogenic layer 15 on the base substrate 11 substantially covers
an orthographic projection of the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements 13 on the base substrate 11; and an
orthographic projection of the second chromogenic layer 14 on the
base substrate 11 substantially covers an orthographic projection
of the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 on
the base substrate 11.
[0073] In some embodiments, at least one of the first chromogenic
layer 15 or the second chromogenic layer 14 is an integral unitary
layer extending substantially throughout the display substrate 1.
Optionally, both of the first chromogenic layer 15 and the second
chromogenic layer 14 are integral unitary layers extending
substantially throughout the display substrate 1. For example, no
patterns on the surfaces of the first chromogenic layer 15 and the
second chromogenic layer 14.
[0074] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
substrate in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
Referring to FIG. 4, in some embodiments, the second chromogenic
layer 14 includes a plurality of second chromogenic bars 141
respectively in the plurality of inter-column gap regions 120.
Optionally, the plurality of second chromogenic bars 141 and the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 are in a
same plane. Optionally, the plurality of second chromogenic bars
141 and the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements
12 are in different planes. Optionally, when the plurality of
second chromogenic bars 141 and the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements 12 are in different planes, the inter-bar
regions of the plurality of second chromogenic bars 141 is filled
with substantially transparent materials, e.g., photoresist
materials, glasses, and quartz.
[0075] In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of a
respective one of the plurality of second chromogenic bars 141 on
the base substrate 11 substantially covers an orthographic
projection of the respective one the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements 13 on the base substrate 11.
[0076] In some embodiments, the first chromogenic layer 15 includes
a plurality of first chromogenic bars 151. Optionally, an
orthographic projection of a respective one of the plurality of
first chromogenic bars 151 on the base substrate 11 substantially
covers the orthographic projection of the respective one the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 on the
base substrate 11.
[0077] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of a
respective one of the plurality of second chromogenic bars 141 on
the base substrate 11 and the orthographic projection of a
respective one of the plurality of first chromogenic bars 151 on
the base substrate 11 are substantially covers the orthographic
projection of the respective one the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements 13 on the base substrate 11.
[0078] In some embodiments, the plurality of second chromogenic
bars 141 form a grating structure. The plurality of first
chromogenic bars 151 form a grating structure. For example, both
the plurality of second chromogenic bars 141 and the plurality of
first chromogenic bars 151 are intermittent gratings.
[0079] By forming plurality of second chromogenic bars 141 and the
plurality of first chromogenic bars 151 having grating structures,
an amount of materials used for forming the plurality of second
chromogenic bars 141 and the plurality of first chromogenic bars
151 is reduced, which may reduce the cost of fabricating the
display substrate 1.
[0080] Various appropriate chromogenic materials are suitable for
making the first chromogenic layer 15 and the second chromogenic
layer 14. Examples of chromogenic materials suitable for making the
first chromogenic layer 15 and the second chromogenic layer 14
include photochromic materials, thermochromic materials, and
electrochromic materials changing their color depending on external
stimuli.
[0081] In some embodiments, the first chromogenic layer 15 and the
second chromogenic layer 14 are two different photochromic layers
selected from a group consisting of an infrared light photochromic
layer and an ultraviolent light photochromic layer. Optionally, a
reversible transition between the light emitting state and the
light blocking state of the first chromogenic layer 15 can be
controlled by irradiating a first light having a first wavelength
range on the first chromogenic layer 15. Optionally, a reversible
transition between the light emitting state and the light blocking
state of the second chromogenic layer 14 can be controlled by
irradiating a second light having a second wavelength range on the
second chromogenic layer 14. For example, the first wavelength
range and the second wavelength ranges are different.
[0082] Various appropriate materials may be used for forming an
infrared light photochromic layer. Examples of materials suitable
for forming the infrared light photochromic layer include, but are
not limited to, dithiophene ethylene derivative doped with titanium
dioxide nanoparticles, and dithiophene ethylene derivative doped
with zinc oxide nanoparticles. For example, when infrared light
irradiates on the infrared light photochromic layer, the infrared
light photochromic layer can reversibly transition between the
light transmitting state and the light blocking state.
[0083] Various appropriate materials may be used for forming an
ultraviolent light photochromic layer. Examples of materials
suitable for forming the ultraviolent light photochromic layer
include, but are not limited to, di-dibenzazole-p-cycloarane doped
with titanium dioxide nanoparticles, and
di-dibenzazole-p-cycloarane doped with zinc oxide nanoparticles.
For example, when ultraviolent light irradiates on the ultraviolent
light photochromic layer, the ultraviolent light photochromic layer
can reversibly transition between the light transmitting state and
the light blocking state.
[0084] In one example, the first chromogenic layer 15 is the
infrared light photochromic layer, and the second chromogenic layer
14 is the ultraviolent light photochromic layer. When infrared
light irradiates on the first chromogenic layer 15, the first
chromogenic layer 15 can reversibly transition between the light
transmitting state and the light blocking state. When ultraviolent
light irradiates on the second chromogenic layer 14, the second
chromogenic layer 14 can reversibly transition between the light
transmitting state and the light blocking state.
[0085] In another example, the first chromogenic layer 15 is the
ultraviolent light photochromic layer, and the second chromogenic
layer 14 is the infrared light photochromic layer. When
ultraviolent light irradiates on the first chromogenic layer 15,
the first chromogenic layer 15 can reversibly transition between
the light transmitting state and the light blocking state. When
infrared light irradiates on the second chromogenic layer 14, the
second chromogenic layer 14 can reversibly transition between the
light transmitting state and the light blocking state.
[0086] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of illustrating a working
principle of a three-dimensional display of a display substrate in
some embodiments according to the present disclosure. In some
embodiments, referring to FIG. 5 and the right top figure of FIG.
3, the display substrate 1 is configured to display a
three-dimensional image. In order to display the three-dimensional
image, the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements
12 do not emit light, but function as a parallax barrier grating,
and the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13
and the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12
are spaced apart from each other by a focal length D. In some
embodiments, the focal length D may be calculated according to
Equation (1):
D = Wp * L Q + Wp ; ( 1 ) ##EQU00001##
[0087] wherein Wp is the pixel width of a respective one of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements; L is a
reading distance between the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements and the first view zone and the second view zone;
and Q is a distance between adjacent view zones (e.g., the distance
between the first view zone and the second view zone). Optionally,
a respective one of the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements has a pixel width substantially the same as
Wp.
[0088] In some embodiments, the first view zone and the second view
zone are a left eye view zone corresponding to a human's left eye
and a right eye view zone corresponding to a human's right eye.
Optionally, Q is an interpupillary distance of a human. A normal
interpupillary distance of a human is in a range of approximately
60 mm to approximately 70 mm, e.g., approximately 65 mm.
Optionally, the reading distance L is in a range of approximately
300 mm to approximately 400 mm, e.g., approximately 300 mm to
approximately 350 mm and approximately 350 mm to approximately 400
mm. Optionally, the reading distance L is approximately 350 mm.
Optionally, Wp is in a range of approximately 1 .mu.m to
approximately 1000 .mu.m. Optionally, the focal length D is in a
range of approximately 5 mm to approximately 15 mm, e.g.,
approximately 5 mm to approximately 7.5 mm, approximately 7.5 mm to
approximately 10 mm, approximately 10 mm to approximately 12.5 mm,
and approximately 12.5 mm to approximately 15 mm. Optionally, the
focal length D is approximately 10 mm.
[0089] Optionally, the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 and plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements 12 have a substantially the same pixel width.
[0090] Optionally, the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 and plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements 12 have different pixel widths.
[0091] In some embodiments, a first width W1 of the respective one
of the plurality of inter-column gap regions may be calculated
according to Equation (2):
W 1 = Q * Wp Q + Wp ; ( 2 ) ##EQU00002##
[0092] wherein Wp is the pixel width of a respective one of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements; and Q is a
distance between adjacent view zones (e.g., a distance between the
first view zone and the second view zone). Optionally, Wp is a
width of a subpixel in the respective one of the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements along the arrangement direction
X. Optionally, Wp is a width of a pixel in the respective one of
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements along the
arrangement direction X. Optionally, Wp is a column width of the
respective one of the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements along the arrangement direction X.
[0093] Optionally, W1 is substantially the same as Wp. Optionally,
W1 is in a range of approximately 1 .mu.m to approximately 1000
.mu.m.
[0094] In some embodiments, a second width W2 (barrier width) of
the respective one of the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements may be calculated according to Equation (3):
W 2 = K * Q * Wp Q + Wp - W 1 ; ( 3 ) ##EQU00003##
[0095] wherein Wp is the pixel width of a respective one of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements; K is the
number of view zones, Q is a distance between adjacent view zones
(e.g., the distance between the first view zone and the second view
zone when K=2), and W1 is the first width W1 of the respective one
of the plurality of inter-column gap regions.
[0096] Optionally, W2 is substantially the same as Wp. Optionally,
W2 is in a range of approximately 1 .mu.m to approximately 1000
.mu.m.
[0097] FIG. 6 is a zoom-in view of a partial structure of a display
substrate in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 6, the display substrate 1
is an OLED display substrate includes the respective one of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 and the
respective one of the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements 12. Optionally, the respective one of the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements 13 include the plurality
of first subpixels 132. Optionally, the respective one of the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 include
the plurality of second subpixels 122.
[0098] FIG. 6 shows the zoom-in view including the respective one
of the plurality of first subpixels 132 and the respective one of
the plurality of second subpixels 122. In some embodiments, the
respective one of the plurality of first subpixels 132 includes a
first anode 1321 on a side of the base substrate 11 away from the
second chromogenic layer 14, a first light emitting layer 1322 on a
side of the substantially transparent first anode 1321 away from
the second chromogenic layer 14, and a first cathode 1323 on a side
of the first light emitting layer 1322 away from the second
chromogenic layer 14. Optionally, the first anode 1321 and the
first cathode 1323 are substantially transparent, so, the
respective one of the plurality of second subpixels 122 is a dual
emitting subpixel, and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements 13 are the plurality of dual emitting light
emitting elements.
[0099] In some embodiments, the respective one of the plurality of
second subpixels 122 includes a second cathode 1221 on a side of
the second chromogenic layer 14 away from the base substrate 11, a
second light emitting layer 1222 on a side of the second cathode
1221 away from the base substrate 11, and a second anode 1223 on a
side of the second light emitting layer 1222 away from the base
substrate 11. Optionally, the second anode 1223 is substantially
transparent, and the second cathode 1221 is a metal cathode
reflecting the light emitted from the second light emitting layer
1222 toward the first direction D1, so the respective one of the
plurality of second subpixels 122 is a top emitting subpixel, and
the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 are
the plurality of top emitting light emitting elements and
configured to emit light along the first direction D1.
[0100] In some embodiments, the base substrate 11 is a
substantially transparent base substrate. Various materials may be
used for making the base substrate 11. Examples of materials
suitable for making the base substrate include, but are not limited
to, substantially transparent non-metallic materials which can form
a rigid substrate, and substantially transparent flexible materials
which can form a flexible substrate. Optionally, the substantially
transparent non-metallic materials forming a rigid substrate
includes glass, quartz, and transparent resin. For example, the
base substrate 11 is a glass substrate. Optionally, the
substantially transparent flexible materials forming the flexible
substrate includes polyimide materials.
[0101] Various appropriate materials may be used for making the
second cathode 1221. Examples of materials suitable for making the
second cathode 1221 include, but are not limited to, molybdenum
(Mo), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), titanium (T1), and alloys
including one or more of molybdenum (Mo), copper (Cu), aluminum
(Al) and titanium (T1).
[0102] Various appropriate materials may be used for making the
first cathode 1323. Examples of materials suitable include, but are
not limited to, substantially transparent conductive materials,
e.g., substantially transparent conductive metals.
[0103] Various appropriate materials may be used for making the
first anode 1321 and the second anode 1223. Examples of materials
suitable include indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, and
aluminum-doped zinc oxide.
[0104] Various appropriate materials may be used for making the
first light emitting layer 1322 and the second light emitting layer
1222. Examples of materials suitable include, but are not limited
to organic light emitting materials, e.g., organic light emitting
materials emit red light, organic light emitting materials emit
green light, and organic light emitting materials emit blue
light.
[0105] FIG. 7 is a plan view of a structure of a display substrate
in some embodiments according to the present disclosure. In some
embodiments, referring to FIG. 7, the display substrate 1 further
includes a first controller 150 configured to control the first
chromogenic layer 15 to reversibly transition between the light
transmitting state and the light blocking state; and a second
controller 140 configured to control the second chromogenic layer
14 to reversibly transition between the light transmitting state
and the light blocking state.
[0106] Optionally, the first controller 150 is a first
substantially transparent layer configured to control light
transmitting state of the first chromogenic layer 15 by
transmitting the light having the first wavelength range to the
first chromogenic layer 15, e.g., infrared light or ultraviolent
light. Optionally, the second controller 140 is a second
substantially transparent layer configured to control light
transmitting state of the second chromogenic layer 14 by
transmitting the light having the second wavelength range to the
second chromogenic layer 14, e.g., infrared light or ultraviolent
light.
[0107] In some embodiments, the display substrate 1 further
includes a plurality of thin film transistors respectively
controlling the plurality of first subpixels and the plurality of
second substrate, a pixel definition layer, and an encapsulating
structure.
[0108] In some embodiments, the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are turned on and configured to emit light. When
the second chromogenic layer is in the light transmitting state,
and the first chromogenic layer is in the light blocking state, the
display substrate is in the two-dimensional image display mode,
light emitted from both the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are transmitting out along the first
direction.
[0109] In some embodiments, the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements are turned off, the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements are turned on and configured to
emit light. When the second chromogenic layer is in the light
transmitting state, and the first chromogenic layer is in the light
blocking state, the display substrate is in the three-dimensional
image display mode, light emitted from the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements are transmitting out along the
first direction.
[0110] In some embodiments, the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are turned on and configured to emit light. When
the first chromogenic layer is in the light transmitting state, and
the second chromogenic layer is in the light blocking state, the
display substrate is in the two-side display mode, light emitted
from the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements is
transmitting out along the first direction, and light emitted from
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements is
transmitting out along the second direction.
[0111] So, the display substrate is a multi-functional display
substrate, which can perform the two-dimensional image display, the
three-dimensional image display, and the two-side display. Also,
fabricating a display substrate performing multiple functions can
reduce materials used for fabricating multiple display substrates
each of which individually has one of the multiple functions, and
can also reduce the cost.
[0112] In another aspect, the present disclosure also provides a
method of fabricating the display substrate described herein. In
some embodiments, the method of fabricating the display substrate
includes forming a first chromogenic layer; forming a plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements on the first chromogenic
layer; forming a second chromogenic layer on a side of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements away from the
first chromogenic layer; and forming a plurality of second columns
of light emitting elements on a side of the second chromogenic
layer away from the first chromogenic layer. Optionally, the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements are arranged
substantially along a same direction as the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements. Optionally, the plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements are spaced apart by a
plurality of inter-column gap regions respectively. Optionally, a
respective one of the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements is at least partially in a respective one of the plurality
of inter-column gap regions.
[0113] In some embodiments, the method of fabricating the display
substrate includes forming the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements on a base substrate, forming the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements on a side of the base
substrate away from the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements; and forming a plurality of inter-column gap
regions respectively spacing apart the plurality of second columns
of light emitting elements. Optionally, a respective one of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements is formed to
at least partially in a respective one of the plurality of
inter-column gap regions.
[0114] Optionally, the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements are a plurality of dual emitting light emitting elements
and configured to emit light along a first direction from the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements to the second
chromogenic layer and along a second direction from the plurality
of first columns of light emitting elements to the first
chromogenic layer; and the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements are a plurality of top emitting light emitting
elements and configured to emit light along the first
direction.
[0115] In one example, the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are turned on and configured to emit light. When
the second chromogenic layer is in the light transmitting state,
and the first chromogenic layer is in the light blocking state, the
display substrate is in the two-dimensional image display mode,
light emitted from both the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are transmitting out along the first
direction.
[0116] In another example, the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements are turned off, the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements are turned on and configured to emit light.
When the second chromogenic layer is in the light transmitting
state, and the first chromogenic layer is in the light blocking
state, the display substrate is in the three-dimensional image
display mode, light emitted from the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements are transmitting out along the first
direction.
[0117] In some embodiments, prior to forming the plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements and the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements, the method of fabricating
the display substrate includes forming a second chromogenic layer
on the base substrate on the base substrate. Optionally, the second
chromogenic layer on the base substrate in formed on a side of the
base substrate away from the forming the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements. Optionally, the second
chromogenic layer on the base substrate in formed on a side of the
base substrate away from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements. Optionally, the second chromogenic layer has a
light transmitting state and a light blocking state.
[0118] In some embodiments, subsequent to forming the plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements and the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements, the method of fabricating
the display substrate further includes forming a first chromogenic
layer on a side of the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements away from the base substrate. Optionally, the first
chromogenic layer has a light transmitting state and a light
blocking state.
[0119] In some embodiments, the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are turned on and configured to emit light. When
the second chromogenic layer is in the light transmitting state,
and the first chromogenic layer is in the light blocking state, the
display substrate is in the two-dimensional image display mode,
light emitted from both the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are transmitting out along the first
direction.
[0120] In some embodiments, the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements are turned off, the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements are turned on and configured to
emit light. When the second chromogenic layer is in the light
transmitting state, and the first chromogenic layer is in the light
blocking state, the display substrate is in the three-dimensional
image display mode, light emitted from the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements are transmitting out along the
first direction.
[0121] In some embodiments, the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are turned on and configured to emit light. When
the first chromogenic layer is in the light transmitting state, and
the second chromogenic layer is in the light blocking state, the
display substrate is in the two-side display mode, light emitted
from the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements is
transmitting out along the first direction, and light emitted from
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements is
transmitting out along the second direction.
[0122] Optionally, the second chromogenic layer is formed using
dithiophene ethylene derivative doped with titanium dioxide
nanoparticles or dithiophene ethylene derivative doped with zinc
oxide nanoparticles. Optionally, the first chromogenic layer is
formed using di-dibenzazole-p-cycloarane doped with titanium
dioxide nanoparticles or di-dibenzazole-p-cycloarane doped with
zinc oxide nanoparticles.
[0123] Optionally, the first chromogenic layer is formed using
dithiophene ethylene derivative doped with titanium dioxide
nanoparticles or dithiophene ethylene derivative doped with zinc
oxide nanoparticles. Optionally, the second chromogenic layer is
formed using di-dibenzazole-p-cycloarane doped with titanium
dioxide nanoparticles or di-dibenzazole-p-cycloarane doped with
zinc oxide nanoparticles.
[0124] In some embodiments, forming the plurality of second columns
of light emitting elements includes forming a plurality of second
subpixels. Optionally, forming a respective one of the plurality of
second subpixels includes forming a second cathode on a side of the
second chromogenic layer away from the base substrate, forming a
second light emitting layer on a side of the second cathode away
from the base substrate, and forming a second anode on a side of
the second light emitting layer away from the base substrate.
Optionally, the second anode is substantially transparent, and the
second cathode is a metal cathode reflecting the light emitted from
the second light emitting layer toward the first direction, so the
respective one of the plurality of second subpixels is a top
emitting subpixel, and the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements are the plurality of top emitting light emitting
elements and configured to emit light along the first
direction.
[0125] In some embodiments, forming the plurality of first columns
of light emitting elements includes forming a plurality of first
subpixels. Optionally, forming the plurality of first subpixels
includes forming a first anode on a side of the base substrate away
from the second chromogenic layer, a first light emitting layer on
a side of the substantially transparent first anode away from the
second chromogenic layer, and a first cathode on a side of the
first light transmitting layer away from the second chromogenic
layer. Optionally, the first anode and the first cathode are
substantially transparent, so, the respective one of the plurality
of second subpixels is a dual emitting subpixel, and the plurality
of first columns of light emitting elements are the plurality of
dual emitting light emitting elements.
[0126] The method described herein of fabricating the display
substrate can fabricating the display substrate having multiple
display functions, including the two-dimensional image display, the
three-dimensional image display, and the two-side display.
[0127] FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating a method of fabricating
a display substrate in some embodiments according to the present
disclosure. Referring to FIG. 8, in some embodiments, the method of
fabricating the display substrate described herein includes forming
a second chromogenic layer on a base substrate. Optionally, the
second chromogenic layer has a light transmitting state and a light
blocking state.
[0128] Referring to the left figure of FIG. 3, the second
chromogenic layer 14 is configured to reversibly transition between
the light transmitting state and the light blocking state.
Optionally, the second chromogenic layer 14 is an infrared light
photochromic layer. Optionally, the second chromogenic layer 14 is
made of dithiophene ethylene derivative doped with titanium dioxide
nanoparticles or dithiophene ethylene derivative doped with zinc
oxide nanoparticles.
[0129] Optionally, the second chromogenic layer 14 is formed on the
base substrate using methods including, but not limited to, plasma
enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), magnetron sputtering,
and thermal evaporation.
[0130] Optionally, referring to FIG. 4, the second chromogenic
layer 14 is formed to have a plurality of second chromogenic bars
141 respectively in the plurality of inter-column gap regions 120.
In one example, forming the plurality of second chromogenic bars
141 includes forming a second chromogenic material layer, and
patterning the second chromogenic material layer to form the
plurality of second chromogenic bars 141. In another example, the
plurality of second chromogenic bars 141 is formed using inkjet
printing.
[0131] In some embodiments, referring to the left figure of FIG. 3,
the method of fabricating the display substrate includes forming a
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 on a side
of the second chromogenic layer 14 away from the base substrate 11,
and forming a plurality of inter-column gap regions 120 to
respectively space apart the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements. Optionally, the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements 12 are arranged along a direction X.
[0132] Optionally, the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements 12 are a plurality of top emitting light emitting
elements and configured to emit light in a first direction away
from the base substrate 11.
[0133] Optionally, a respective one of the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements 12 is formed to include a
plurality of rows of second light emitting elements 121.
Optionally, a respective one of the plurality of rows of second
light emitting elements 121 is formed to include a plurality of
second subpixels 122 (see FIG. 2E). Optionally, the respective one
of the plurality of rows of second light emitting elements 121 is
formed to include a single second subpixel of the plurality of
second subpixels 122 (see FIG. 2F).
[0134] Optionally, referring to FIG. 6, forming the respective one
of the plurality of second subpixels 122 includes forming a second
cathode 1221 on a side of the second chromogenic layer 14 away from
the base substrate 11, forming a second light emitting layer 1222
on a side of the second cathode 1221 away from the base substrate
11, and forming a second anode 1223 on a side of the second light
emitting layer 1222 away from the base substrate 11.
[0135] Optionally, the second cathode 1221 is formed using
materials including, but not limited to, molybdenum (Mo), copper
(Cu), aluminum (Al), titanium (T1), and alloys including one or
more of molybdenum (Mo), copper (Cu), aluminum (Al) and titanium
(T1).
[0136] Optionally, the second light emitting layer 1222 is formed
using materials including, but not limited to organic light
emitting materials, e.g., organic light emitting materials emit red
light, organic light emitting materials emit green light, and
organic light emitting materials emit blue light.
[0137] Optionally, the second anode 1223 is formed using materials
including, but not limited to indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide,
and aluminum-doped zinc oxide.
[0138] For example, forming the respective one of the plurality of
second subpixels 122 includes forming a second cathode material
layer 1221' on a side of the second chromogenic layer 14 away from
the base substrate 11 using methods including, but not limited to,
plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), magnetron
sputtering, and thermal evaporation; and patterning the second
cathode material layer 1221' to form the second cathode 1221.
Optionally, the second cathode material layer 1221' is a metallic
material layer (e.g., a molybdenum (Mo) layer).
[0139] Subsequent to forming the second cathode 1221, forming the
respective one of the plurality of second subpixels 122 further
includes forming a second light emitting material layer 1222' on a
side of the second cathode 1221 away from the base substrate 11
using methods including, but not limited to, plasma enhanced
chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), magnetron sputtering, and
thermal evaporation; and patterning the second light emitting
material layer 1222' to form the a second light emitting layer
1222. Optionally, the respective one of the plurality of second
subpixels 122 is selected from a group consisting of the subpixel
in red color, the subpixel in green color, and the subpixel in blue
color. So, according to different color of subpixels, the materials
used to form the second light emitting materials layer in subpixels
having different colors are different.
[0140] Subsequent to forming the second light emitting layer 1222,
forming the respective one of the plurality of second subpixels 122
further includes forming a second anode material layer 1223' on a
side of the second light emitting layer 1222 away from the base
substrate 11 using methods including, but not limited to, plasma
enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), magnetron sputtering,
and thermal evaporation; and patterning the second anode material
layer 1223' to form a second anode 1223. Optionally, the second
anode material layer 1223' is a substantially transparent material
layer including ITO.
[0141] In some embodiments, referring to the left figure of FIG. 3,
the method of fabricating the display substrate includes forming a
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 on a side
of base substrate 11 away from the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements 12. Optionally, the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements 13 are arranged substantially
along a same direction as the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements 12. Optionally, the respective one of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 is at
least partially in the respective one of the plurality of
inter-column gap regions 120
[0142] Optionally, an orthographic projection of a respective one
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 on the
base substrate 11 is at least partially non-overlapping with an
orthographic projection of the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements 12 on the base substrate 11; and an orthographic
projection of a respective one the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements 12 on the base substrate 11 is at least
partially non-overlapping with an orthographic projection of the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 on the
base substrate 11.
[0143] Optionally, the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 are a plurality of dual emitting light emitting
elements and configured to emit light along the first direction
from the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13
to the second chromogenic layer 14 and along a second direction
away from the base substrate 11.
[0144] Optionally, a respective one of the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements 13 is formed to include a
plurality of rows of first light emitting elements 131. Optionally,
a respective one of the plurality of rows of first light emitting
elements 131 is formed to include a plurality of first subpixels
132 (see FIG. 2E). Optionally, the respective one of the plurality
of rows of first light emitting elements 131 is formed to include a
single first subpixel of the plurality of first subpixels 132 (see
FIG. 2F).
[0145] Optionally, referring to FIG. 6, forming the respective one
of the plurality of first subpixels 132 includes forming a first
anode 1321 on a side of the base substrate 11 away from the
respective one of the plurality of second subpixels 122; forming a
first light emitting layer 1322 on a side of the substantially
transparent first anode 1321 away from the base substrate 11; and
forming a first cathode 1323 on a side of the first light emitting
layer 1322 away from first light emitting layer 1322.
[0146] For example, forming the respective one of the plurality of
first subpixels 132 includes forming a first anode material layer
1321' on a side of base substrate 11 away from the plurality of
second subpixels using methods including, but not limited to,
plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), magnetron
sputtering, and thermal evaporation; and patterning the first anode
material layer 1321' to form the first anode 1321. Optionally, the
first anode material layer 1321' is a substantially transparent
conductive metallic material layer.
[0147] Subsequent to forming the first anode 1321, forming the
respective one of the plurality of first subpixels 132 further
includes forming a first light emitting material layer 1322' on a
side of the first anode 1321 away from the base substrate 11 using
methods including, but not limited to, plasma enhanced chemical
vapor deposition (PECVD), magnetron sputtering, and thermal
evaporation; and patterning the first light emitting material layer
1322' to form the a first light emitting layer 1322. Optionally,
the respective one of the plurality of first subpixels 132 is
selected from a group consisting of the subpixel in red color, the
subpixel in green color, and the subpixel in blue color. So,
according to different color of subpixels, the materials used to
form the first light emitting materials layer in subpixels having
different colors are different.
[0148] Subsequent to forming the first light emitting layer 1322,
forming the respective one of the plurality of first subpixels 132
further includes forming a first cathode material layer 1323' on a
side of the first light emitting layer 1322 away from the first
anode 1321 using methods including, but not limited to, plasma
enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), magnetron sputtering,
and thermal evaporation; and patterning the first cathode material
layer 1323' to form a first cathode 1323. Optionally, the first
cathode material layer 1323' is a substantially transparent
material layer including ITO.
[0149] In some embodiments, referring to the left figure of FIG. 3,
the method of fabricating the display substrate includes forming a
first chromogenic layer 15 on a side of the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements 13 away from the base substrate
11. The first chromogenic layer 15 is formed to reversibly
transition between a light transmitting state and a light blocking
state.
[0150] Optionally, the first chromogenic layer 15 is an
ultraviolent light photochromic layer. Optionally, the first
chromogenic layer 15 is made of di-dibenzazole-p-cycloarane doped
with titanium dioxide nanoparticles or di-dibenzazole-p-cycloarane
doped with zinc oxide nanoparticles.
[0151] Optionally, a first chromogenic layer 15 is formed on a side
of the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13
away from the base substrate 11 using methods including, but not
limited to, plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD),
magnetron sputtering, and thermal evaporation.
[0152] Optionally, referring to FIG. 4, the first chromogenic layer
15 is formed to have a plurality of first chromogenic bars 151
respectively in the plurality of inter-column gap regions 120. In
one example, forming the plurality of first chromogenic bars 151
includes forming a first chromogenic material layer, and patterning
the first chromogenic material layer to form the plurality of first
chromogenic bars 151. In another example, the plurality of second
chromogenic bars 141 is formed using inkjet printing.
[0153] Optionally, an orthographic projection of a respective one
of the plurality of first chromogenic bars 151 on the base
substrate 11 substantially covers an orthographic projection of a
respective one the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 on the base substrate 11.
[0154] Various appropriate methods may be used to pattern a layer.
Examples of method suitable for patterning a layer includes a
lithography process. Using the lithography process for patterning a
layer include, but are not limited to, coating photoresist,
exposing, developing, etching, and stripping the photoresist.
[0155] In some embodiments, in the display substrate fabricated by
the method described herein, the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are turned on and configured to emit light. When
the second chromogenic layer is in the light transmitting state,
and the first chromogenic layer is in the light blocking state, the
display substrate is in the two-dimensional image display mode,
light emitted from both the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are transmitting out along the first
direction.
[0156] In some embodiments, in the display substrate fabricated by
the method described herein, the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements are turned off, the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements are turned on and configured to
emit light. When the second chromogenic layer is in the light
transmitting state, and the first chromogenic layer is in the light
blocking state, the display substrate is in the three-dimensional
image display mode, light emitted from the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements are transmitting out along the
first direction.
[0157] In some embodiments, in the display substrate fabricated by
the method described herein, the plurality of second columns of
light emitting elements and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are turned on and configured to emit light. When
the first chromogenic layer is in the light transmitting state, and
the second chromogenic layer is in the light blocking state, the
display substrate is in the two-side display mode, light emitted
from the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements is
transmitting out along the first direction, and light emitted from
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements is
transmitting out along the second direction.
[0158] In another aspect, the present disclosure also provides a
display apparatus. In some embodiments, the display apparatus
includes the display substrate described herein; and one or more
integrated circuits connected to the display substrate.
[0159] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, when
the second chromogenic layer 14 is an infrared light photochromic
layer, and the first chromogenic layer 15 is a ultraviolent light
photochromic layer, the display apparatus further includes an
infrared light source and an ultraviolent light source respectively
connected with the first chromogenic layer and the second
chromogenic layer.
[0160] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
apparatus in some embodiments according to the present disclosure.
In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 9, the display apparatus
includes a display substrate 1 described herein, an infrared light
source 2, and an ultraviolent light source 3.
[0161] Optionally, the infrared light source 2 is on a lateral side
of the second chromogenic layer 14. For example, the infrared light
source 2 is configured to emit a second light having a second
wavelength range. Optionally, the ultraviolent light source 3 is on
a lateral side of the first chromogenic layer 15. For example, the
ultraviolent light source 3 is configured to emit a first light
having a first wavelength range.
[0162] Optionally, referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 9, the infrared
light source 2 is on a lateral side of the second controller 140
(e.g., a second substantially transparent layer) to allow the
second light having the second wavelength range to irradiate at the
second chromogenic layer 14. The ultraviolent light source 3 is on
a lateral side of the first controller 150 (e.g., a first
substantially transparent layer) to allow the first light having
the first wavelength range to irradiate at the first chromogenic
layer 15.
[0163] Optionally, in order for the second chromogenic layer 14 and
the first chromogenic layer 15 work properly, the light emitted
from the infrared light source 2 is prevented from irradiating on
the first chromogenic layer 15, and the light emitted from the
ultraviolent light source 3 is prevented from irradiating on the
second chromogenic layer 14.
[0164] Optionally, at least one of the infrared light source 2 and
the ultraviolent light source 3 includes a transmitter and a
receiver. By adjusting the transmitter and the receiver, the light
emitted from the at least one of the infrared light source 2 and
the ultraviolent light source 3 can have a selected wavelength
range. In one example, the transmitter and the receiver of the
infrared light source 2 are adjusted to emit the second light
having the second wavelength range, e.g., the infrared light. In
another example, the transmitter and the receiver of the
ultraviolent light source 3 are adjusted to emit the first light
having the first wavelength range, e.g., the ultraviolent
light.
[0165] Optionally, the infrared light source 2 and the ultraviolent
light source 3 are connected to the one or more integrated circuits
in the display apparatus, so, the infrared light source 2 and the
ultraviolent light source 3 are controlled by the one or more
integrated circuits.
[0166] In some embodiments, the display apparatus further includes
an encapsulating structure. Optionally, the infrared light source 2
and the ultraviolent light source 3 are within the encapsulating
structure.
[0167] Examples of appropriate display apparatuses include, but are
not limited to, an electronic paper, a mobile phone, a tablet
computer, a television, a monitor, a notebook computer, a digital
album, a GPS, etc. Optionally, the display apparatus has a multiple
display functions includes a two-dimensional image display mode, a
three-dimensional image display mode, and a two-side display
mode.
[0168] In another aspect, the present disclosure also provides a
method of controlling the display substrate described herein. In
some embodiments, the display substrate includes a first
chromogenic layer; a plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements on the first chromogenic layer; a second chromogenic layer
on a side of the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements away from the first chromogenic layer; and a plurality of
second columns of light emitting elements on a side of the second
chromogenic layer away from the first chromogenic layer.
Optionally, the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements are arranged substantially along a same direction as the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements. Optionally,
the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements are
spaced apart by a plurality of inter-column gap regions
respectively. Optionally, a respective one of the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements is at least partially in a
respective one of the plurality of inter-column gap regions.
[0169] Optionally, the display substrate further includes a first
controller configured to control the first chromogenic layer to
reversibly transition between a light transmitting state and a
light blocking state; and a second controller configured to control
the second chromogenic layer to reversibly transition between the
light transmitting state and the light blocking state. Optionally,
when the second chromogenic layer is an infrared light photochromic
layer, and the first chromogenic layer is an ultraviolent light
photochromic layer, the second controller configured to control the
second chromogenic layer emits infrared light, and the first
controller configured to control the first chromogenic layer emits
ultraviolent light.
[0170] In some embodiments, the method of controlling the display
substrate includes controlling the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements to reversibly transition between a
turned-on state and a turned-off state; controlling the plurality
of second columns of light emitting elements to reversibly
transition between the turned-on state and the turned-off state;
controlling the first chromogenic layer to reversibly transition
between a light transmitting state and a light blocking state; and
controlling the second chromogenic layer to reversibly transition
between a light transmitting state and a light blocking state.
[0171] FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating a method of operating
the display substrate in a three-dimensional image display mode in
some embodiments according to the present disclosure. referring to
FIG. 10, in some embodiments, the method of controlling the display
substrate includes operating the display substrate in a
three-dimensional image display mode. In some embodiments,
operating the display substrate in the three-dimensional image
display mode includes controlling the plurality of second columns
of light emitting elements to be in the turned-off state;
controlling the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements to be in the turned-on state to emit light; controlling
the second chromogenic layer to be in the light transmitting state
to allow light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements along the first direction to transmit through the
second chromogenic layer and the plurality of inter-column gap
regions; and controlling the first chromogenic layer to be in the
light blocking state to block light emitted from the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements along the second direction
from transmitting through the first chromogenic layer.
[0172] Optionally, controlling the second chromogenic layer to be
in the light transmitting state includes controlling the second
controller not to emit infrared light. Optionally, controlling the
first chromogenic layer to be in a light blocking state includes
controlling the first controller to emit ultraviolent light.
[0173] FIG. 11 is a flow chart illustrating a method of operating
the display substrate in a two-dimensional image display mode in
some embodiments according to the present disclosure. referring to
FIG. 11, in some embodiments, the method of controlling the display
substrate includes operating the display substrate in a
two-dimensional image display mode. In some embodiments, operating
the display substrate in a two-dimensional image display mode
includes controlling both the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements and the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements to be in the turned-on state to emit light;
controlling the second chromogenic layer to be in the light
transmitting state to allow light emitted from the plurality of
first columns of light emitting elements along the first direction
to transmit through the second chromogenic layer and the plurality
of inter-column gap regions; and controlling the first chromogenic
layer to be in a light blocking state to block light emitted from
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements along the
second direction from transmitting through the first chromogenic
layer.
[0174] Optionally, controlling the second chromogenic layer to be
in the light transmitting state includes controlling the second
controller not to emit infrared light. Optionally, controlling the
first chromogenic layer to be in a light blocking state includes
controlling the first controller to emit ultraviolent light.
[0175] FIG. 12 is a flow chart illustrating a method of operating
the display substrate in a two-side display mode in some
embodiments according to the present disclosure. Referring to FIG.
12, in some embodiments, the method of controlling the display
substrate includes operating the display substrate in a two-side
display mode. In some embodiments, operating the display substrate
in the two-side display mode includes controlling both the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements and the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements to be in the
turned-on state to emit light; controlling the second chromogenic
layer to be in the light blocking state to block light emitted from
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements along the
first direction from transmitting through the second chromogenic
layer; and controlling the first chromogenic layer to be in the
light transmitting state to allow light emitted from the plurality
of first columns of light emitting elements along the second
direction to transmit through the first chromogenic layer.
[0176] Optionally, controlling the second chromogenic layer to be
in the light blocking state includes controlling the second
controller to emit infrared light. Optionally, controlling the
first chromogenic layer to be in the light transmitting state
includes controlling the first controller not to emit ultraviolent
light.
[0177] In another aspect, the present disclosure also provide a
method of controlling a display apparatus having the display
substrate described herein. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a
display apparatus performing three different displaying modes in
some embodiments according to the present disclosure. A left figure
of FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a display
apparatus. A right top figure of FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of
a display apparatus in a three-dimensional image display mode. A
right middle figure of FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a display
apparatus in a two-dimensional image display mode. A right bottom
figure of FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a display apparatus in
a two-side display mode. In some embodiments, the display apparatus
in FIG. 13 includes the display substrate 1 described herein, and
an infrared light source 2 and an ultraviolent light source 3
respectively connected with the first chromogenic layer and the
second chromogenic layer.
[0178] Referring to FIG. 10 and the right top figure of FIG. 13, in
some embodiments, the method of controlling the display apparatus
in the three-dimensional image display mode includes controlling
the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 to be
in the turned-off state; controlling the plurality of first columns
of light emitting elements 13 to be in the turned-on state to emit
light; controlling the second chromogenic layer 14 to be in the
light transmitting state to allow light emitted from the plurality
of first columns of light emitting elements 13 along the first
direction D1 to transmit through the second chromogenic layer 14
and the plurality of inter-column gap regions 120; and controlling
the first chromogenic layer 15 to be in the light blocking state to
block light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements 13 along the second direction D2 from
transmitting through the first chromogenic layer 15. Optionally,
the light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements 13 transmits along the first direction D1 and
transmits through
[0179] Optionally, controlling the second chromogenic layer 14 to
be in the light transmitting state includes controlling the
infrared light source 2 not to emit infrared light. For example,
when the infrared light source 2 doesn't emit infrared light, no
infrared light will irradiate on the second chromogenic layer 14,
the transparency of the second chromogenic layer 14 is not changed,
so the second chromogenic layer 14 is substantially transparent and
is in the light transmitting state. Optionally, controlling the
first chromogenic layer 15 to be in the light blocking state
includes controlling the ultraviolent light source 3 to emit
ultraviolent light. For example, when the ultraviolent light source
3 emit ultraviolent light on the first chromogenic layer 15, the
transparency of the first chromogenic layer 15 changes from a
substantially transparent state to a substantially non-transparent
state, so the first chromogenic layer 15 is in the light blocking
state.
[0180] For example, the light emitted from the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements 13 transmits along the first
direction D1 and transmits through the base substrate 11, the
second chromogenic layer 14, and the plurality of inter-column gap
regions 120. The plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements 12 function as a grating to allow the display apparatus to
perform three-dimensional image display mode.
[0181] Referring to FIG. 11 and the right middle figure of FIG. 13,
in some embodiments, the method of controlling the display
apparatus in the two-dimensional image display mode includes
controlling both the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 and the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements 12 to be in the turned-on state to emit light; controlling
the second chromogenic layer 14 to be in the light transmitting
state to allow light emitted from the plurality of first columns of
light emitting elements 13 along the first direction D1 to transmit
through the second chromogenic layer 14 and the plurality of
inter-column gap regions 120; and controlling the first chromogenic
layer 15 to be in a light blocking state to block light emitted
from the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13
along the second direction D2 from transmitting through the first
chromogenic layer 15.
[0182] Optionally, controlling the second chromogenic layer 14 to
be in the light transmitting state includes controlling the
infrared light source 2 not to emit infrared light. For example,
when the infrared light source 2 doesn't emit infrared light, no
infrared light will irradiate on the second chromogenic layer 14,
the transparency of the second chromogenic layer 14 is not changed,
so the second chromogenic layer 14 is substantially transparent and
is in the light transmitting state. Optionally, controlling the
first chromogenic layer 15 to be in the light blocking state
includes controlling the ultraviolent light source 3 to emit
ultraviolent light. For example, when the ultraviolent light source
3 emit ultraviolent light on the first chromogenic layer 15, the
transparency of the first chromogenic layer 15 changes from a
substantially transparent state to a substantially non-transparent
state, so the first chromogenic layer 15 is in the light blocking
state.
[0183] For example, the light emitted from the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements 13 transmits along the first
direction D1 and transmits through the base substrate 11, the
second chromogenic layer 14, and the plurality of inter-column gap
regions 120. The plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements 12 also emit light along the first direction D1, so the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 and the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 together
perform the two-dimensional image display.
[0184] Referring to FIG. 12 and the right bottom figure of FIG. 13,
in some embodiments, the method of controlling the display
apparatus in the two-side display mode includes controlling both
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 and
the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 to be
in the turned-on state to emit light; controlling the second
chromogenic layer 14 to be in the light blocking state to block
light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 along the first direction D1 from transmitting through
the second chromogenic layer 14; and controlling the first
chromogenic layer 15 to be in the light transmitting state to allow
light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 along the second direction D2 to transmit through the
first chromogenic layer 15.
[0185] Optionally, controlling the second chromogenic layer 14 to
be in the light blocking state includes controlling the infrared
light source 2 to emit infrared light. For example, when the
infrared light source 2 emits infrared light on the second
chromogenic layer 14, the second chromogenic layer 14 changed from
a substantially transparent state to a substantially
non-transparent state, so the second chromogenic layer 14 is in the
light blocking state. Optionally, controlling the first chromogenic
layer 15 to be in the light transmitting state includes controlling
the ultraviolent light source 3 not to emit ultraviolent light. For
example, when the ultraviolent light source 3 does not emit
ultraviolent light, no ultraviolent light irradiates on the first
chromogenic layer 15, the transparency of the first chromogenic
layer 15 is not changed, so the first chromogenic layer 15 is
substantially transparent and is in a light transmitting state.
[0186] For example, the light emitted from the plurality of first
columns of light emitting elements 13 transmits along the second
direction D2 and transmits through first chromogenic layer 15. The
light emitting from the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements 13 transmits along the first direction D1, so the
plurality of first columns of light emitting elements 13 and the
plurality of second columns of light emitting elements 12 can
respectively display images on two opposing side of the display
apparatus.
[0187] In some embodiments, the display apparatus further includes
one or more integrated circuits connected the display substrate
described herein. In one example, one of the one or more integrated
circuits can control the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements and the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements to reversibly transition between the turned-on
state and the turned-off state. In another example, one of the one
or more integrated circuits can control the first chromogenic layer
and the second chromogenic layer to reversibly transition the light
transmitting state and the light blocking state.
[0188] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 13 and FIG. 6, a
respective one of the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements 13 is formed to include a plurality of rows of first light
emitting elements 131. Optionally, a respective one of the
plurality of rows of first light emitting elements 131 is formed to
include a plurality of first subpixels 132 (see FIG. 2E).
Optionally, the respective one of the plurality of rows of first
light emitting elements 131 is formed to include a single first
subpixel of the plurality of first subpixels 132 (see FIG. 2F).
[0189] Optionally, the respective one of the plurality of first
subpixels 132 includes a first anode 1321 on a side of the base
substrate 11 away from the respective one of the plurality of
second subpixels 122; a first light emitting layer 1322 on a side
of the substantially transparent first anode 1321 away from the
base substrate 11; and a first cathode 1323 on a side of the first
light emitting layer 1322 away from first light emitting layer
1322.
[0190] Optionally, the respective one of the plurality of second
subpixels 122 includes a second cathode 1221 on a side of the
second chromogenic layer 14 away from the base substrate 11, a
second light emitting layer 1222 on a side of the second cathode
1221 away from the base substrate 11, and a second anode 1223 on a
side of the second light emitting layer 1222 away from the base
substrate 11.
[0191] In one example, controlling the plurality of first columns
of light emitting elements 13 to reversibly transition between the
turned-on state and the turned-off state includes controlling the
respective one of the plurality of first subpixels 132 to
reversibly transition between the turned-on state and the
turned-off state. Optionally, controlling the respective one of the
plurality of first subpixels 132 to reversibly transition between
the turned-on state and the turned-off state includes sending
electrical signals to the first anode 1321 and the first cathode
1323 to control the light emitted from the first light emitting
layer 1322.
[0192] In another example, controlling the plurality of second
columns of light emitting elements 12 to reversibly transition
between the turned-on state and the turned-off state includes
controlling the respective one of the plurality of second subpixels
122 to reversibly transition between the turned-on state and the
turned-off state. Optionally, controlling the respective one of the
plurality of second subpixels 122 to reversibly transition between
the turned-on state and the turned-off state includes sending
electrical signals to the second anode 1223 and the second cathode
1221 to control the light emitted from the second light emitting
layer 1222.
[0193] In some embodiments, using the method of controlling the
display substrate and the method of controlling the display
apparatus, the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements and the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements are turned on and configured to emit light. When the
second chromogenic layer is in the light transmitting state, and
the first chromogenic layer is in the light blocking state, the
display substrate is in the two-dimensional image display mode,
light emitted from both the plurality of second columns of light
emitting elements and the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are transmitting out along the first
direction.
[0194] In some embodiments, using the method of controlling the
display substrate and the method of controlling the display
apparatus, the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements are turned off, the plurality of first columns of light
emitting elements are turned on and configured to emit light. When
the second chromogenic layer is in the light transmitting state,
and the first chromogenic layer is in the light blocking state, the
display substrate is in the three-dimensional image display mode,
light emitted from the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements are transmitting out along the first direction.
[0195] In some embodiments, using the method of controlling the
display substrate and the method of controlling the display
apparatus, the plurality of second columns of light emitting
elements and the plurality of first columns of light emitting
elements are turned on and configured to emit light. When the first
chromogenic layer is in the light transmitting state, and the
second chromogenic layer is in the light blocking state, the
display substrate is in the two-side display mode, light emitted
from the plurality of second columns of light emitting elements is
transmitting out along the first direction, and light emitted from
the plurality of first columns of light emitting elements is
transmitting out along the second direction.
[0196] The methods described herein control display substrate
described herein, and the display apparatus having the display
substrate described herein to perform two-dimensional image
display, three-dimensional image display, and two-side display,
which allows the display substrate to have multiple display
function, and also allows the display apparatus to have multiple
display function.
[0197] The foregoing description of the embodiments of the
invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and
description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the
invention to the precise form or to exemplary embodiments
disclosed. Accordingly, the foregoing description should be
regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive. Obviously, many
modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners
skilled in this art. The embodiments are chosen and described in
order to explain the principles of the invention and its best mode
practical application, thereby to enable persons skilled in the art
to understand the invention for various embodiments and with
various modifications as are suited to the particular use or
implementation contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the
invention be defined by the claims appended hereto and their
equivalents in which all terms are meant in their broadest
reasonable sense unless otherwise indicated. Therefore, the term
"the invention", "the present invention" or the like does not
necessarily limit the claim scope to a specific embodiment, and the
reference to exemplary embodiments of the invention does not imply
a limitation on the invention, and no such limitation is to be
inferred. The invention is limited only by the spirit and scope of
the appended claims. Moreover, these claims may refer to use
"first", "second", etc. following with noun or element. Such terms
should be understood as a nomenclature and should not be construed
as giving the limitation on the number of the elements modified by
such nomenclature unless specific number has been given. Any
advantages and benefits described may not apply to all embodiments
of the invention. It should be appreciated that variations may be
made in the embodiments described by persons skilled in the art
without departing from the scope of the present invention as
defined by the following claims. Moreover, no element and component
in the present disclosure is intended to be dedicated to the public
regardless of whether the element or component is explicitly
recited in the following claims.
* * * * *