U.S. patent application number 17/185470 was filed with the patent office on 2021-06-17 for scaffolding.
The applicant listed for this patent is John C. Preston. Invention is credited to John C. Preston.
Application Number | 20210180341 17/185470 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000005419834 |
Filed Date | 2021-06-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20210180341 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Preston; John C. |
June 17, 2021 |
Scaffolding
Abstract
A scaffolding module comprising: a frame that, when in an
erected configuration, defines an interior space; and a plurality
of mounting regions that allow the module to be mounted with other
said scaffolding modules, wherein when so mounted, the module
frames are able to be interconnected to form a support structure
for one or more scaffolding platforms.
Inventors: |
Preston; John C.;
(Silverwater NSW, AU) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Preston; John C. |
Silverwater NSW |
|
AU |
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|
Family ID: |
1000005419834 |
Appl. No.: |
17/185470 |
Filed: |
February 25, 2021 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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15712320 |
Sep 22, 2017 |
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17185470 |
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13581036 |
Oct 15, 2012 |
9909326 |
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PCT/AU2011/000213 |
Feb 25, 2011 |
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15712320 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04G 1/08 20130101; E04G
1/34 20130101; E04G 1/17 20130101; E04G 2005/148 20130101 |
International
Class: |
E04G 1/17 20060101
E04G001/17; E04G 1/08 20060101 E04G001/08; E04G 1/34 20060101
E04G001/34 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Feb 25, 2010 |
AU |
2010900812 |
Sep 14, 2010 |
AU |
2010904143 |
Claims
1. A demountable scaffolding assembly comprising: a support
structure comprising: a plurality of scaffolding modules that are
mounted together, the modules being of the same size as one another
with each scaffolding module comprising a frame defining an
interior space configured to receive workers, the frame being
formed from a plurality of elongate frame members that define a
cuboid and incorporate mounting regions disposed on (i) upper and
lower faces of the frame so that the module may be mounted with
other said modules one on top of the other and (ii) on opposite
side faces of the frame so that the module may be mounted with
other said modules in side by side relation, the plurality of
modules being mounted together at respective said mounting regions
in one or both of, side by side, or one on top of the other,
relation to form the support structure, wherein at least some of
the frame members are formed from profiled sections with the frame
member sections of adjacent modules fastened together to form a
unitary structure that enhances the rigidity of the support
structure; and one or more working platforms supported on the
support structure to provide a trafficable surface for the workers
to move between side by side scaffolding modules, wherein the
connections between side by side scaffolding modules are
individually releasable to allow for selective demounting of
individual scaffolding modules from the support structure and reuse
of the scaffolding modules.
2. A demountable scaffolding assembly according to claim 1, wherein
the mounting regions include pre-formed holes to receive mechanical
fasteners to secure respective ones of the scaffolding modules
together, and the pre-formed holes are spaced apart along the
mounting regions of the elongate frame members.
3. A demountable scaffolding assembly according to claim 1, wherein
at least some of the mounting regions are configured as surfaces
which are arranged to mount in face to face relation with a
corresponding mounting surface of another said module.
4. A demountable scaffolding assembly according to claim 1, wherein
at least some of the elongate members are angled sections.
5. A demountable scaffolding assembly according to claim 1, wherein
at least some of the frame members are interconnected by releasable
connections to allow the module to adopt a collapsed
configuration.
6. A demountable scaffolding assembly according to claim 1, wherein
the frame defines the interior space in an erected configuration,
and the frame is rigid when in its erected condition.
7. A demountable scaffolding assembly according to claim 1, wherein
the frame members are interconnected by rigid connections.
8. A construction arrangement comprising: a building or a structure
under construction, renovation or maintenance; and a demountable
scaffolding assembly mounted to the building or the structure, the
demountable scaffolding assembly comprising: a plurality of
scaffolding modules that are mounted together vertically and
horizontally in an array to form a main support structure of the
scaffolding assembly that extends across an exterior surface of the
building or structure, each scaffolding module comprising a frame
defining an interior space configured to receive workers, the frame
being formed from a plurality of elongate side frame members and
top and bottom frame members that define a cuboid having upper and
lower faces, opposite side faces, and inner and outer faces, the
frame incorporating mounting regions disposed on (i) the upper and
lower faces of the frame so that the module may be mounted
vertically with other said modules one on top of the other and (ii)
on the opposite side faces of the frame so that the module may be
mounted horizontally with other said modules in side by side
relation, the plurality of modules being mounted together at
respective said mounting regions; wherein at least some of the side
frame members are formed from profiled sections with the side frame
member profiled sections of adjacent modules fastened together at
respective ones of the mounting regions to form a unitary upright
structure that enhances the rigidity of the main support structure
of the demountable scaffolding assembly; wherein the opposite side
faces of the frames have openings to allow the workers to freely
pass between the modules mounted in side by side relation; and one
or more working platforms supported on the demountable scaffolding
assembly to provide a trafficable surface for the workers to move
between the scaffolding modules mounted in side by side relation;
and ties securing the main support structure of the demountable
scaffolding assembly to the building or the structure.
9. The construction arrangement of claim 8, wherein at least some
of the mounting regions are configured as surfaces which are
mounted in face to face relation with a corresponding mounting
surface of another said module.
10. The construction arrangement of claim 8, wherein each elongate
frame member is in the form of an angled section.
11. The construction arrangement of claim 8, further comprising
releasable connections between scaffolding modules to allow for
selective demounting of individual scaffolding modules from the
demountable scaffolding assembly.
12. The construction arrangement of claim 8, wherein the mounting
regions include pre-formed holes, and the pre-formed holes are
spaced apart along the elongate frame members.
13. The construction arrangement of claim 8, wherein the
scaffolding modules are capable of reconfiguration and reuse.
14. A method of installing a scaffolding assembly to a building or
a structure comprising: providing a plurality of scaffolding
modules, the modules being of the same size as one another with
each scaffolding module comprising a frame defining an interior
space configured to receive workers; mounting together the
plurality of scaffolding modules to form a support structure via
mounting regions that extends along at least a portion of the
building or structure, the mounting regions are configured as
surfaces being disposed on (i) upper and lower faces of the frame
so that the module may be mounted with other said modules one on
top of the other and (ii) on opposite side faces of the frame so
that the module may be mounted with other said modules in side by
side relation, the plurality of modules being mounted together at
respective said mounting regions in one or both of, side by side,
or one on top of the other, relation to form the support structure;
wherein at least some of the frame members are formed from profiled
sections with the frame member profiled sections of adjacent
modules fastened together to form a unitary structure that enhances
the rigidity of the support structure; supporting one or more
working platforms on the support structure to form the scaffolding
assembly and provide a trafficable surface for the workers to move
between side by side scaffolding modules; and securing the support
structure to the building or the structure via ties.
15. A method according to claim 14 further comprising providing
releasable connections between scaffolding modules to allow for
selective demounting of individual scaffolding modules from the
scaffolding assembly.
16. A method according to claim 14, further comprising
reconfiguring and reusing of the scaffolding modules.
17. A method according to claim 14, wherein the mounting regions
include pre-formed holes to receive mechanical fasteners to secure
respective ones of the mounted scaffolding modules together, and
the pre-formed holes are spaced apart along the mounting regions of
the elongate frame members.
18. A method according to claim 14, wherein each elongate frame
member of the support structure has an angled section.
19. A method according to claim 14, further comprising
interconnecting the frame member by releasable connections to allow
the module to adopt a collapsed configuration.
20. A method according to claim 14, wherein at least some of the
mounting regions are configured as surfaces which are arranged to
mount in face to face relation with a corresponding mounting
surface of another said module.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser.
No. 15/712,320 filed Sep. 22, 2017, which is a continuation of U.S.
application Ser. No. 13/581,036 filed Oct. 15, 2012, which is the
U.S. national phase of PCT/AU2011/000213 filed Feb. 25, 2011, which
claims the Convention priority of AU 2010904143 filed Sep. 14, 2010
and AU 2010900812 filed Feb. 25, 2010. The entire disclosure of
each of the above-identified applications is hereby incorporated by
reference herein.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present invention relates generally to scaffolding. The
invention has been developed especially but not exclusively, for
use in multistory scaffolding for use in the construction,
renovation or maintenance of buildings and other structures, and is
herein described in that context. However, it is to be appreciated
that aspects of the invention may have broader application, and is
not limited to that use.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] The use of scaffolding for construction, renovation or
maintenance of buildings is well known. Scaffolding provides a
working platform for workers to safely access areas of the building
that would otherwise be too high or inaccessible from the floor.
Scaffolding may also incorporate safety barriers, which reduces the
chance of the workers, tools, loose material and debris from
falling from the confines of the scaffolding. Thus the use of
scaffolding is important in ensuring a safe work site.
[0004] Conventional scaffolding can take varying forms, although it
generally consists of vertical and horizontal members supporting a
platform. In the past, scaffold structures were constructed from
wood, and in some countries, bamboo scaffolding comprising of
lengths of bamboo tied together is still used.
[0005] Modern day scaffolding generally comprises of a system of
tubular metal pipes coupled together, and tied to the building to
form the overall scaffolding framework. Scaffold planks, supported
by the transoms of scaffolding framework provide the working
platform. Such systems are known as "modular scaffolding", with
individual tubular metal pipes, coupling and ties as the basic
modular units.
[0006] Such prior art scaffolding require experienced scaffolders
to carefully assemble the tubes, couplers and boards together to
form the scaffolding. Consequently, for a large structure this
requires significant skilled labour, time and cost to safely erect
the scaffolding.
[0007] Furthermore, even a scaffolding of modest size would
contains hundreds of components to be fit together and checked.
Thus the integrity of the scaffolding structure is dependent on the
scaffolder diligently installing and checking each component. With
the pressure of time, fatigue or inclement weather, the scaffolder
may be overburdened, leading to possible errors. Also the large
number of components of the prior art system requires significant
time to erect, and during this erection stage of the scaffolding,
the workers around the unfinished scaffold would be working under
perilous, and potentially hazardous conditions.
[0008] In prior art systems, the design of metal tubular pipes,
also pose rigidity problems when coupling the scaffold together. As
couplers generally rely on passing a section of the tubular pipe
through an aperture or clamp in the coupler, there is little
resistance to rotation around the axis of the pipe. That is, the
coupling and tubular pipes may act as a pivot, rather than a rigid
joint. Therefore, in prior art systems, it is essential to
incorporate braces to increase rigidity of a large scaffold
system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] In a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a
scaffolding module comprising a frame that, when in an erected
configuration, defines an interior space; and a plurality of
mounting regions that allow the module to be mounted with other
scaffolding modules, wherein when so mounted, the module frames are
able to be interconnected to form a support structure for one or
more scaffolding platforms. By providing modules with a frame, the
overall scaffold is simplified by having fewer individual
components.
[0010] In one form, the module further comprises at least one
scaffolding platform section disposed in and supported by the
frame, wherein the module includes mounting regions on opposite
side faces of the frame so that the module may be mounted with
other modules in a side by side relation. When so mounted, the
respective scaffolding platform sections of the modules form at
least part of one or more said scaffolding platforms that extends
across the side by side mounted modules.
[0011] In one form, the platform section in the modules is mounted
on a lower portion of the frame.
[0012] In one form, the scaffolding module includes mounting
regions on the upper and lower faces of the frame so that the
module may be mounted with other said modules one on top of the
other. This enables the modules to be stacked one on top of each
other, and the weight of a modules is distributed across the
mounting regions of the rigid frame of the module below.
Advantageously, the load is distributed, unlike conventional
scaffold systems where loads are often concentrated at particular
points where couples or joint pins join two tubular pipes.
[0013] In one form, the mounting regions are configured as surfaces
which are arranged to abut in face to face relation with a
corresponding mounting surface of another said module.
Advantageously, the corresponding surfaces of two modules are in
parallel planes, thereby spreading the load across the mounting
surface without vectoring the load in another direction.
[0014] In another aspect, the present invention provides a
scaffolding module comprising; a frame that, when in an erected
configuration, defines an interior space; and a plurality of
mounting regions that allow the module to be mounted with other
scaffolding modules, wherein at least some of the mounting regions
are configured as surfaces which are arranged to abut in face to
face relation with a corresponding mounting surface of another said
module. In one form, when the module is mounted with other said
scaffolding modules, the modules form a support structure for one
or more scaffolding platforms.
[0015] In one form, at least some of the mounting regions include
pre-formed holes to receive mechanical fasteners to secure
respective ones of the mounted modules together. The mechanical
fasteners may be in the form of nut and bolts that pass through the
holes and secure two respective mounting regions to each other.
Other fasteners such as clamps or clips may be used.
[0016] In one form, the frame is rigid when in its erected
configuration. A rigid frame provides strength to the scaffold
system, thereby reducing the need or reliance on braces to increase
rigidity as in prior art systems.
[0017] In one form, the frame is formed from a plurality of frame
members. In a further form, the frame members are interconnected by
rigid connections. The rigid connection may be welds between the
frame members. Other types of rigid connections such as brackets or
the like may be used.
[0018] In one form, at least some of the frame members are
interconnected by releasable connections to allow the module to
adopt a collapsed configuration.
[0019] In another form, at least some of the frame members are
formed from profiled sections having an outer surface that forms a
respective mounting region of the module.
[0020] In one form, at least one of the frame members is formed
from an angle section. Angle sections are readily available, thus
lowering the costs of manufacturing the modules. Furthermore, steel
angle sections with flat and straight surfaces may be easily welded
together.
[0021] In another form, the angle section is arranged to abut with
a corresponding angle section of another module to form a
T-section.
[0022] In one form, when the module is interconnected with another
module, at least one of the sections of respective ones of the
mounting regions are interconnected so as to be in intimate contact
so as to act effectively as a unitary structure.
[0023] In one form, the frame has a plurality of external faces
formed from respective ones of the frame members.
[0024] In one form, the module is arranged to be interconnected to
another module with one face of the frame being in opposing
relation with a face of the frame of the other module.
[0025] In one form, the respective opposing faces contain the
mounting region which are in abutting relation with one another
when the modules are interconnected.
[0026] In one form, the frame of the module is shaped as a prism.
In a further form, the frame is cuboid. At least part of the frame
defines the edges of the module shape, and the planar faces of the
shape provide the faces of the module. It is to be appreciated the
face of the frame is the planar face of that shape, and is not
restricted to the actual surface of the members comprising the
frame.
[0027] In one form, the module further comprises a guide
arrangement to align at least one mounting region of the module
with a mounting region of another module in mounting of the
modules. Advantageously, a guide arrangement aids in aligning two
modules together, allowing higher efficiency in the erection
process. This may be of particular advantage where the modules are
large or bulky, where it would be difficult for an worker to
reposition and align modules with human effort.
[0028] In a further form, the guide arrangement is operative to
align the mounting regions when mounting one module on top of
another module. Advantageously, this allows a module, during
positioning into the scaffold system to self align itself with
another module disposed below. This reduces the effort required by
the scaffolders to precisely manipulate the modules, cranes or
other equipment during the erection process, thereby saving time
and improving efficiency.
[0029] In one form, the guide arrangement comprises a guide
structure that extends from one of an upper or lower face of the
frame, and a recess in an opposite one of the upper or lower face
of the frame. The guide structure and/or the recess may have ramped
surfaces so that as a module is mounted on top of another module,
the module is guided towards alignment.
[0030] In one form, the guide structure also provides a lifting
point for the module. The lifting point provides a location to
attach the module to a lifting device, such as a crane.
[0031] In another form, the guide arrangement comprises of at least
one guide lug that extends from an upper face of the frame, and a
recess in a lower face of the frame.
[0032] In one form the guide lug and/or recess comprises at least
one ramped surface for aligning one module on top of another
module.
[0033] In one form, an eyelet is provided in the guide lug for
providing a lifting point for the module.
[0034] In one form, the module further comprises a barrier
structure extending across an outer face of the module. The barrier
structure may comprise of a safety mesh, kickboard and/or handrails
for the protection of workers.
[0035] In another aspect, the present invention provides a panel
comprising: a panel frame; and at least one mounting region that
allows the panel to be mounted to at least one of the mounting
regions of the scaffolding module, wherein when so mounted to a
scaffolding module, the panel covers at least part of one face of
the scaffolding module.
[0036] In another aspect, the present invention provides a
scaffolding assembly comprising: a support structure comprising the
frames of a plurality of scaffolding modules according to any form
described above that are connected together; and one or more work
platforms supported on the support structure.
[0037] In one form, the scaffolding assembly further comprises at
least one base module supporting the support structure formed from
scaffolding modules, wherein the base module(s) is adjustable in
height and/or orientation. An adjustable base is advantageous in
areas where the underlying ground surface is not perfectly flat.
Adjusting the height and/or orientation of the base module,
advantageously provides a method of compensating for uneven ground
surfaces. Thereby erecting the overlying support structure may
maintain a desired vertical orientation.
[0038] In one form, the at least one base module further comprises
of a plurality of height adjustable legs. The adjustable legs may
be in the form of screw jacks, allowing the scaffolder to
infinitely adjust the height and/or orientation of the base module.
The legs may have feet to distribute the weight of the support
structure to the ground.
[0039] In one form, the scaffolding assembly further comprising
ties for securing the scaffolding assembly to an adjacent
structure. Ties advantageously provide stability for the
scaffolding assembly relative to another structure, such as a
building. Conversely, a scaffolding assembly tied to a less stable
structure, may provide support to the less stable structure.
[0040] In one form, the scaffolding assembly further comprises at
least one panel, wherein the panel is mounted on at least part of
one face of at least one of the plurality of scaffolding
modules.
[0041] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method
of erecting scaffolding comprising: providing a plurality of
modules; arranging the plurality of scaffolding modules in a
predetermined manner; and securing scaffolding modules
together.
[0042] In one form, the method further comprises arranging the
plurality of scaffolding modules in a predetermined manner by
hoisting and locating the modules with a crane.
[0043] In one form of the method, before arranging the plurality of
scaffolding modules in a predetermined manner, at least two
scaffolding modules are mounted to each other. It may be
advantageous to mount two or more modules together before hoisting
the mounted modules to their respective predetermined position in
the support structure. Firstly this would reduce the number of
hoisting operation by the crane. Furthermore, this advantageously
reduces the number of final mounting operations required by the
scaffolder once the modules are in place. Thus the erection of the
support structure may be achieved in less time, and increasing the
level of safety at the work site.
[0044] In one form, the method further comprises: providing at
least one base module; adjusting the height and/or orientation of
the base module; arranging the plurality of scaffolding modules on
the at least one base module.
[0045] In one form of the method of erecting scaffolding, wherein
each module has an in-use outer face, inner face, and two side
faces, each face including a mounting region, the method includes
locating the side face of at least one module in an abutting
relationship with an inner face of another module, and securing the
abutting mounting regions together.
[0046] In one form of the method of erecting scaffolding, wherein
the predetermined arrangement includes one module spaced from
another module, and the method further comprises; providing at
least one panel; and mounting the at least one panel to at least
one mounting region on each of the spaced modules, wherein the
panel assembly interconnects the spaced modules.
[0047] In one form of the method, the method further comprises
transporting the rigid framed scaffolding modules to a first site.
In a further form of the method, after use of the scaffolding at
the first site has ceased, the scaffolding modules may be relocated
and erected at a second site. The method comprises demounting at
least one scaffolding module from another scaffolding module in the
support structure at the first site; transporting some of the rigid
framed scaffolding modules from the first site to the second site;
arranging the plurality of scaffolding modules in a predetermined
manner at the second site; and mounting at least one scaffolding
module to another scaffolding module to form a support structure at
the second site.
[0048] The modules may be demounted to individual modules for
transportation.
[0049] Alternatively, two or more modules may maintain a mounted
relationship during transportation, providing the overall size of
the mounted modules can fit within the transport.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0050] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of partially erected modular
scaffolding on a building construction site;
[0051] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the modular scaffolding in
FIG. 1, without the building for clarity;
[0052] FIG. 3 is another view of partially erected modular
scaffolding;
[0053] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a scaffolding module;
[0054] FIG. 5a is a top view of the scaffolding module of FIG.
4;
[0055] FIG. 5b is a front view of the scaffolding module of FIG.
4;
[0056] FIG. 6 is a side view of the scaffolding module of FIG.
4;
[0057] FIG. 7a is a cross section side view of the upper portion
and lower portion of two scaffolding module of FIG. 4;
[0058] FIG. 7b is a side view of part of the upper and lower
portion of two scaffolding modules according to FIG. 4;
[0059] FIG. 7c is a cross section side view of part of the upper
and lower portion of two scaffolding modules in alignment;
[0060] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of two scaffold modules just
before stacking;
[0061] FIG. 9 is a front view of a scaffold module stacked on
another scaffolding module;
[0062] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of partially erected modular
scaffolding, with multiple modules hoisted concurrently;
[0063] FIG. 11a illustrates a front view of partially erected
modular scaffolding;
[0064] FIG. 11b illustrates a side view of partially erected
modular scaffolding of FIG. 11a, with workers inside;
[0065] FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of a
scaffolding module;
[0066] FIG. 13 is another perspective view of the module of FIG.
12;
[0067] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a
scaffolding module;
[0068] FIG. 15 is a top view of the module of FIG. 14;
[0069] FIG. 16 is a rear view of the module of FIG. 14;
[0070] FIG. 17 is a front view of the module of FIG. 14;
[0071] FIG. 18 is a side view of the module of FIG. 14;
[0072] FIG. 19 is a bottom view of the module of FIG. 14;
[0073] FIG. 20 is a close up perspective view of an upper corner of
the module of FIG. 14, showing the guide lug assembly;
[0074] FIG. 21 is a sectioned view of a pair of frame members,
illustrating the individual angle profile and combined T-section
structure;
[0075] FIG. 22 is a top view of a pair of scaffolding modules in
close proximity, prior to mounting to form a T-section structure
from a pair of frame members;
[0076] FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a panel for with the
scaffolding modules;
[0077] FIG. 24 is a sectioned top view of the panel of FIG. 23;
[0078] FIG. 25 is a sectioned front view of the panel of FIG.
23;
[0079] FIG. 26 is a sectioned side view of the panel of FIG.
23;
[0080] FIG. 27 is a perspective view of a scaffolding assembly
illustrating the panel as an end panel;
[0081] FIG. 28 is a perspective view of a scaffolding assembly
illustrating the use of the panel to interconnect spaced
scaffolding modules;
[0082] FIG. 29 is a top plan view of an arrangement of scaffolding
modules around a building;
[0083] FIG. 30 is a detailed view of a portion of the arrangement
in FIG. 29;
[0084] FIG. 31 is an exploded perspective view of another
embodiment of a scaffolding module;
[0085] FIG. 32 is a side view of another embodiment of a
scaffolding module in a rigid configuration;
[0086] FIG. 33 is a side view of the module in FIG. 32 in the
collapsed configuration;
[0087] FIG. 34 is a top view of a tie for use between the building
and the scaffolding modules;
[0088] FIG. 35 is a side view of the tie in FIG. 34;
[0089] FIG. 36 is a perspective view of the tie in FIG. 34; and
[0090] FIG. 37 is a perspective view of a scaffolding assembly with
a tie, the assembly having workers inside.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0091] FIGS. 1 and 3 illustrate a partially erected scaffolding
assembly 1 on a building 3 under construction. The scaffolding
assembly 1 comprises of a plurality of modules 5, scaffolding base
9, and work platforms 6. The modules 5 are arranged vertically and
horizontally in an array to form the main support structure for the
scaffolding. The scaffold base 9 provides a base structure on which
the modules 5 are mounted. The support structure formed by the
modules 5 is secured to the building at intermittent intervals
using building ties 8. The scaffolding platforms 6, which provides
working platforms for workers are formed from multiple platform
scaffolding sections 21 mounted within the individual modules 5 as
will be described in more detail below.
[0092] As illustrated, the scaffolding assembly 1, may be erected
by hoisting module 5 with a crane 7, and arranging the module(s)
into the desired scaffold arrangement.
[0093] The modules 5 will now be described in detail with reference
to FIGS. 4 to 6. The modules 5 are generally in the shape of
rectangular or square prism blocks. The general rectangular prism
shape is defined by a rigid frame 11, comprising of horizontal 13
and vertical 15 frame members, with the members having at least one
flat surface co-planar to a face of the overall prism shape. To
lower costs, these members are preferably made of 65 mm.times.65
mm.times.5 mm steel angles. In one embodiment, the overall
dimension of the rigid frame 11 is approximately 2100 mm.times.2100
mm.times.1100 mm.
[0094] The flat surfaces of the horizontal 13 and vertical 15 frame
members provide mounting regions for mounting with corresponding
mounting regions of adjacent modules 5. The mounting regions are
provided with a series of apertures 17. This allows adjacent
modules to be coupled to each other with a combination of bolts and
nuts, or other suitable mechanical fasteners. In a one form, the
apertures are 18 mm in diameter, with the corresponding bolts
having a shank diameter of 16 mm. This advantageously provides a
degree of tolerance to the overall scaffolding assembly 1.
[0095] At the bottom face of the module 5 transoms 19 are provided
to support part of the scaffolding platform section 21. The
transoms 19 may be welded or integrally formed with the frame 11 or
alternatively a separate component mounted to the frame. The
scaffolding platform section 21 is in the form of a metal floor
mesh, such as pierced steel secured to the frame 11. The floor mesh
may comprise of 50 mm.times.50 mm.times.4 mm mesh, or expanded
metal mesh for better grip and smaller holes. Advantageously, the
floor mesh provides a light weight working platform for
construction workers, as well as overhead protection from large
debris. The floor mesh, also allows wind and water to pass through
during inclement weather, thereby reducing the effects on the
scaffolding. However, it is to be appreciated that other platforms,
such as wooden floorboards or steel floorboards may be used as the
scaffolding platform section 21.
[0096] As illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 6, the floor mesh 21 is
positioned above, and supported on, the transoms 19, and on the
upper side of the lower horizontal bars 14. Thus the module 5, is
provided with a recess 10 on the bottom face of the frame 11. This
recess 12 forms part of the guide arrangement which will be
detailed below.
[0097] A barrier in the form of a safety mesh 23 is provided on one
face of the module. In use the modules are usually positioned so
that the safety mesh 23 is on the outer face of the module facing
away from the building 3. The safety mesh 23 may be 50 mm.times.50
mm.times.4 mm metal mesh. A handrail 25 is also provided for
workers, and may be constructed of steel angle welded to the frame
11. The safety mesh 23 and handrail 25 provide a safety barrier for
workers, as well as preventing the transgression of large debris or
other objects through the scaffolding. The lower part of the safety
mesh 23 is provided with a kickboard 24 for additional protection.
The kickboard 24 may be constructed of denser metal mesh than the
safety barrier, for example 50 mm.times.10 mm.times.4 mm, and
extend approximately 150 mm above the scaffolding platform section
21.
[0098] At the top portion of module 5 is a guide structure 28,
forming part of the guide arrangement. The construction and
operation of the guide arrangement is best shown with reference to
FIGS. 7a-7c and 8 and 9.
[0099] The guide structure 28 comprises a pair of bars 27 and
associated supporting members protruding from the frame 11, as
illustrated in FIGS. 7a-7b. The bars 27 form part of a guide
structure 28 for aligning successive modules 5 that are mounted on
top of another module 5.
[0100] Referring to FIG. 7a, the main axis of the bar 27 extends
horizontally above the frame 11, and forms part of a guide
structure extending from an upper face of the frame 11. At the end
portions 29 of the bar 27, the bar 27 is angled towards the frame
11, and is affixed to the frame 11 by a weld. A series of
intermediate support bars 31 are welded to support bar 27, to
provide intermediate support to bar 27. The support bars 31, are
disposed perpendicular to the bar 27, with the end portions 33
angled towards the frame 11, where it is affixed to the frame 11 by
a weld.
[0101] The angled end portions 29 and 33, provide angled ramp
surfaces to the guide structure 28. This allows the guide structure
28 of one module to enter the recess 12 of another module, and
causing the two modules to self align as they are drawn together.
As the bars 27 and 31 are generally perpendicular to each other,
the angled end portions 29 and 33, provide self alignment in the
two horizontal axes.
[0102] The bars 27 are preferably welded to the frame 11, and are
of sufficient strength to function as lifting points for the
modules 5. The bars 27 may be lashed to an overhead crane, which
can then hoist the module into position.
[0103] FIGS. 7b and 8 illustrates the upper 55 and lower 45 modules
prior to mounting. It is clear the angled end portions 29 and 33,
on entering the lower recess 12 in module 55, provide a ramp
surface against the lower horizontal members 14, which line the
recess 12 of the upper module 55. This ramp action guides the upper
module 55 into alignment with lower module 45, during lowering of
upper module 55.
[0104] As illustrated in FIG. 7c, the guide structure 28 of the
lower module 45 extends into the lower recess 12 in the frame 11 of
the upper module 55. The bars prevent sideway movement of the upper
module 55 relative to the lower module 45. In use, the upper module
55 and lower module 45 would additionally be secured together with
mechanical fasteners through apertures 17. In addition to providing
horizontal rigidity, this will prevent the upper 55 and lower 45
modules from separating.
[0105] FIG. 9 illustrates a pair of identical modules 5, with an
upper module 55 mounted on top of a lower module 45. As can be seen
the guide arrangement is fully enclosed within the frames of the 2
modules so that the module frames are in face to face contact. The
erection of the scaffolding system 1 will now be described. The
ground supporting the scaffold bases 9 is initially prepared for
supporting the weight of the scaffolding assembly 1. This may
include compacting the earth, paving, or setting a concrete
foundation. A plurality of scaffold bases 9 may then arranged
around the perimeter of the building 3. The scaffold bases 9 are
arranged to support the modules 5, and thus the planar layout of
the scaffold bases 9 generally provides the overall planar
arrangement of the overall scaffold assembly 1.
[0106] The scaffold bases 9 are then adjusted to ensure the
scaffold bases 9 are level. This may be achieved by altering the
height of legs 10 of the scaffold base 9. In one embodiment the
legs 10 comprise of adjustable screw jacks. The level of the
scaffold bases may be monitored by a spirit level, or other
suitable equipment. Once the scaffold bases 9 are satisfactorily
level, adjacent scaffold bases 9 are secured to each other.
Optionally, the scaffold bases may also be tied to the building 3
or other support structure.
[0107] The modules 5 of the scaffold assembly 1 may then be
arranged onto the scaffold bases 9. A hoist 7 is attached to the
bars 27 of a module, and the module is hoisted onto a corresponding
scaffold base 9. The module 5 is then fastened to the scaffold base
9, by bolts and nuts through apertures 17 on the lower members of
the frame 11, and corresponding apertures on the scaffold base 9.
Subsequent modules 5 are then hoisted and located onto the
remaining scaffold bases 9, and fastened therein. Optionally, the
scaffolding modules 5 are further fastened to one another and/or
tied to the building 3.
[0108] Further modules 5 are arranged above the scaffold bases 9
and preceding modules 5, until the desired scaffolding assembly 1
is erected. For better efficiency in erection, it may be desirable
to mount two or more modules 5 together before hoisting the mounted
modules to the desired location on the scaffolding assembly 1 as
illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11. This reduces the number of hoists
and reduces the number of mounting operations by the scaffolder
once the modules are positioned. This saves time, thus providing a
secured scaffolding assembly in less time.
[0109] As illustrated in FIG. 11a, an archway 70 or bridge in the
scaffolding assembly 1 may be formed by mounting modules 5 side by
side over a span. Furthermore, the scaffolding assembly may
comprise overhanging modules 75, which are supported by adjacent
modules at the side and/or above the module 75.
[0110] In a further embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11a, stairway
modules 85 comprising a rigid frame 11 and an internal staircase
87, are incorporated in the scaffolding assembly 1. This provides
workers with convenient access to the platforms 6 on multiple
levels of the scaffolding assembly 1.
[0111] FIG. 11b is a side view of FIG. 11a, and illustrates the use
of building tie 8, to mount the scaffolding assembly 1 to the
building 3. The buildings ties 8 may also support part of platform
6. Furthermore, part of the platform 6 may also be a cantilevered
platform section 106.
[0112] FIG. 11b also illustrates workers 999 inside the modules 5
of the scaffolding assembly 1.
[0113] Dismantling the scaffolding assembly 1, is achieve by
substantially reversing the erection procedure. The top most module
5 is first demounted from the scaffolding assembly 1, allowing a
crane 7 to hoist and lower the module 5 to ground level. To
increase speed, two or more modules may remain coupled to each
other and removed simultaneously from the scaffolding assembly 1.
This process is repeated until the scaffolding assembly is
disassembled. The module may then be transported for storage or to
the next worksite. Advantageously, the rigid framed modules 5, with
few or no working parts requires little setting up or configuration
before use. Therefore, the modules 5 may simply be transported to
the worksite by truck, and a crane can simply hoist the modules 5
from the truck to the scaffolding assembly 1.
[0114] The modules 5 may be stored in a storage yard when not in
use at worksites. The modules may be arranged in a three
dimensional matrix, with modules mounted side by side, front to
rear, and stacked above each other. This storage arrangement,
similar to storage of shipping containers, allows maximum use of
storage yard space. The modules 5 may be mounted to each other for
security and stability. The modules 5 may also be mounted to each
other in clusters, for example 3 or 5 units in a vertical stack.
The vertical stack of modules 5 can then be handled as one during
storage and transportation, thereby obtaining better economy of
effort and time.
[0115] FIGS. 12 and 13 illustrate another embodiment of the
scaffolding module 105. The module 105 has an internal kickboard
126 made from mesh or metal sheet disposed at the inner face of the
module 5. An inner handrail 122 comprising of steel angle is also
provided at the inner face. The kickboard 126 or inner handrail may
be removable or permanent. Gussets 151 are provided to increase
rigidity and strength of the frame II.
[0116] In alternative embodiments, the modules may comprise of the
frame without the scaffolding platform sections. The scaffolding
platform sections may be positioned and mounted to the scaffolding
assembly, after the modules comprising the frames are erected.
[0117] In another alternative embodiment the scaffolding module may
comprise of a rigid frame, wherein part of the frame is formed from
at least one scaffolding platform section. Advantageously, this may
reduce the number of parts when manufacturing the modules.
[0118] In the illustrated embodiments, the modules are stacked
vertically above one another. However, it is to be appreciated
other bond patterns, such as a stretcher bond pattern may be used
for erecting the scaffolding assembly 1. In such an arrangement,
the modules are staggered in adjacent rows.
[0119] Another embodiment of the scaffolding module 205 will now be
illustrated with reference to FIGS. 14 to 19. Features of the
scaffolding module 205 that are similar to the features previously
described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals
preceded by "2".
[0120] In this embodiment, handrails 222, 225 are provided in pairs
to provide an upper and lower handrail for additional use for
workers. A transom 220 is provided at the top portion of the frame
211, to enhance rigidity of the module 205. The floor mesh 321 may
be made of expanded metal floor or decking.
[0121] The kickboard 224 is constructed of steel sheet, which can
by permanently fixed or removable. In one form, it can be
permanently welded to the frame 211. Advantageously a sheet steel
kickboard is easily welded and prevents transgression of fine
debris.
[0122] A distinguishing feature of this embodiment of the
scaffolding module 205 is the alternative guide arrangement
comprising of a guide lug assembly 261 located at corners 270 at
the top portion of the module 205. Part of the guide lug assembly
261 is adapted to be received into a recess 12 in the bottom face
of the module 205, which is substantially the same as the recess 12
described in the earlier embodiments.
[0123] The construction of the guide lug assembly 261 will now be
described with reference to FIG. 20. The guide lug assembly 261
comprises of a gusset plate 263, and a protruding lug 265. The
gusset plate 263 is welded to the frame 211, and is substantially
planar to the top face of the module 205. The lug 265 protrudes
above the top face of the module 205, and is provided with a ramp
267 and an eyelet 269. The eyelet 269 in the lug 265 provides a
lifting point to lift the scaffolding module 205.
[0124] The lug 265 is angled towards the corner 270 of the frame
211 at an angle of approximately 45.degree. from the horizontal
members 213. The ramp 267 of the lug 265, on entering the recess 12
of another module and bearing on the frame of the other module,
will guide the two modules to self align as they are drawn
together. Since the lug 265 is angled at 45.degree., it will
provide alignment in two horizontal axes. It would be appreciated
the method of lowering one module on top of another with this
alternative guide arrangement is similar to the previously
described methods.
[0125] As previously described, the frame members 213, 215 are
constructed of steel angles, having a right angle profile 271 as
illustrated in FIGS. 20 to 22. As frame members 213, 215 of
adjacent modules 205 are drawn together, as illustrated in FIG. 22,
the frame members form a T-section. This is best illustrated in
FIG. 21. When frame members of adjacent members are further secured
to one another by fastening, such as by nut 216 and bolt 218
through apertures 217, the surfaces of the members become in
intimate contact with each other. Thus two fastened members
effectively act as a unitary T-section structure, thereby enhancing
the rigidity of the scaffolding modules.
[0126] A panel 305 for use with the scaffolding modules 205 will
now be described with reference to FIGS. 23 to 26. The panel 305
comprises of a frame 311, having horizontal frame members 313 and
vertical frame members 315. The frame members 313, 315 are formed
of steel angles with aperture 317, similar to the scaffolding
modules 205, to form part of the mounting regions on the panel 305.
The panel 305 is further provided with a safety mesh 323, a kick
plate 324, and handrails 325, similar to those provided on the
scaffolding modules 205.
[0127] In the illustrated embodiment, the panel 305 is dimensioned
to have the same height as the scaffolding module 205, and a width
equivalent to the sides of the modules 205. However, it is to be
appreciated panels of other dimensions may be used.
[0128] The use of the panel 305 as an end piece will now be
described with reference to FIG. 27. FIG. 27 illustrates an
assembly of four scaffolding module 205 mounted to form a
scaffolding assembly 401, with one panel 305 attached to a side
face of a scaffolding module 205. As illustrated, the frame 311 of
the panel 305 is the same dimension as frame 211 at the side face
of module 205. Advantageously, the apertures of the panel 305 and
module 205 are matched to enable fasteners to secure the panel 305
to the module 205. The panel 305 as an end piece closes off an
otherwise open end of the assembly 401, thereby protecting workers
or equipment from falling out of the scaffolding assembly 301.
[0129] An alternative use of the panel 305 to interconnect spaced
modules 205 will now be described with reference to FIG. 28. In
FIG. 28, there is provided a scaffolding assembly 501, comprising
of a plurality of scaffolding modules 205, including modules 502
and 503, which are spaced from one another. There is also provided
panel assemblies 511, formed of two panels 305 with the sides
mounted to each other.
[0130] As illustrated, the panel assemblies 511, overlap and are
mounted to a surface of modules 502 and 503 to bridge the space
between the modules. A plank 513 may be placed over the floor mesh
221 of modules 502 and 503, to provide a bridging platform for
workers to walk across.
[0131] Advantageously, this allows continuity of the scaffolding
where the space between two modules 205 is not large enough
accommodate a single module 205. This also allows the dimensions of
the scaffolding assembly 501 to be adjustable to a degree finer
than the size of the discrete scaffolding modules 205.
[0132] FIGS. 29 and 30 illustrate a scaffolding assembly 601 around
a building 3. The scaffolding assembly 601 has assembly corners 602
comprising of scaffolding modules 606 and 607 which are identical
to the other scaffolding modules 205. In the illustrated
embodiment, it is clear the required dimension of the scaffolding
assembly 601 for building 3 does not fall on exact multiples of the
dimensions of the scaffolding modules 205. Thus the arrangement of
the scaffolding modules 205 need to be adjusted for the assembly
601 to accommodate the building 3. In order to achieve this, the
end face 608 of module 607, is positioned along the length of inner
face 609 of module 606. Advantageously, the end face 608 can be
located and mounted anywhere along inner face 609 of module 606 and
the adjacent module. This allows adjustment of the dimensions of
the scaffolding assembly 601 at an increment equal to the spacing
of apertures 217 in the modules 205.
[0133] FIG. 30 also illustrates panels 305 that can be mounted to
the scaffolding assembly 601 to close off open areas at the corner
602 to ensure the safety of workers and equipment in the
scaffolding assembly 601.
[0134] Another embodiment of the scaffolding module 705 will now be
described with reference to FIG. 31. In this embodiment, the frame
members 710, 712, 713, 714 of the scaffolding module 705 are
interconnected by releasable connections. As illustrated in FIG.
31, the frame members are released from each other as discrete
components of the frame member. In-use, the frame members 710, 712,
713 and 714 are connected to each other with fasteners or the like
to form a scaffolding module 705 similar to scaffolding module 205
described above.
[0135] FIGS. 32 to 33 illustrate another embodiment of the
scaffolding module 805, having joints to allow the module to adopt
a collapsed configuration. FIG. 32 is a side view of the
scaffolding module 805 in the rigid in-use or erected
configuration, the module comprising of floor frame member 813,
inner and outer face frame member 810 and 812, and top frame member
814. The frame members are pivotally interconnected at joints 816,
and in-use are locked by releasable connections such that the frame
members are rigid relative to each other. When in the rigid in-use
configuration, the module 805 will have similar features and
characteristics as the modules described in the embodiments
above.
[0136] To save space during transportation or storage, the
scaffolding module 805 may be collapsed as illustrated in FIG. 33.
The releasable connections are released, thereby allowing the frame
members to pivot at the joints 816 so that the frame members are
configured to be substantially parallel to one another.
[0137] An embodiment of the tie 8 will now be described with
reference to FIGS. 34 to 37. The tie 8 comprises two elements 901,
902, each element having a series of apertures 917. The elements
901, 902 are adjustably fixed to each other by fasteners 920 that
pass through apertures 917. Thus the overall length of the tie 8 is
adjustable by selecting the appropriate apertures 917 for
fastening.
[0138] The first element 901 is fastened to frame member 211 of a
scaffolding module 205 at 923. The second element 902 is fastened
to the building at 925. Thus the tie 8 ensures the scaffolding 1
and building 3 maintain constant spacing, as well providing mutual
support.
[0139] Referring to FIGS. 36 and 37, the tie 8 is fastened to two
frame members from a pair of scaffolding modules 205.
Advantageously, as the tie 8 is fastened to the T-section formed by
a pair of frame members, it ensures the tie is rigidly secured to
the overall scaffolding assembly 1.
[0140] FIG. 37 also illustrates workers 999 inside the scaffolding
assembly 1. Advantageously, the open sides of the modules 5 allow
the workers 999 to freely pass between adjacent modules 5, whilst
protected by the structure of the scaffolding assembly 1.
[0141] In the claims which follow and in the preceding description
of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due
to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprise"
or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" is used in an
inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated
features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further
features in various embodiments of the invention.
[0142] It is to be understood that, if any prior art publication is
referred to herein, such reference does not constitute an admission
that the publication forms a part of the common general knowledge
in the art, in Australia or any other country.
* * * * *