U.S. patent application number 16/970459 was filed with the patent office on 2021-06-17 for patterned lotion tissue.
The applicant listed for this patent is Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc.. Invention is credited to Gretchen Sarah Koch, Lawrence James Lobner, Gary Lee Shanklin, Lisa Marie Tarr.
Application Number | 20210180259 16/970459 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000005473107 |
Filed Date | 2021-06-17 |
United States Patent
Application |
20210180259 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Lobner; Lawrence James ; et
al. |
June 17, 2021 |
PATTERNED LOTION TISSUE
Abstract
Provided are tissue products containing an additive adapted to
reduce skin irritation, such as a lotion, and a colorant may be
manufactured with relatively low total add-on amounts of the
additive without reducing effectiveness, while providing the
product with a distinct aesthetic appearance. In a specific
embodiment, the additive composition comprises an oil, a wax, and a
colorant comprising a pigment and a wetting agent. The additive and
colorant, which are preferably both hydrophobic and non-aqueous,
are be added simultaneously and in the same pattern so as to
provide a tissue product having a distinct aesthetic appearance
that also provides a cue to the user that the product comprises a
soothing additive. In certain instances an aesthetic pattern,
particularly a coloured pattern, provides a visual cue to the user
and reinforces the benefits of the product, enabling lower additive
add-on levels without degrading the user experience.
Inventors: |
Lobner; Lawrence James;
(Appleton, WI) ; Koch; Gretchen Sarah;
(Hortonville, WI) ; Shanklin; Gary Lee; (Fremont,
WI) ; Tarr; Lisa Marie; (Appleton, WI) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. |
Neenah |
WI |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000005473107 |
Appl. No.: |
16/970459 |
Filed: |
February 28, 2018 |
PCT Filed: |
February 28, 2018 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US18/20089 |
371 Date: |
August 17, 2020 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D21H 27/02 20130101;
D21H 17/13 20130101; D21H 17/72 20130101; D21H 17/02 20130101; D21H
17/60 20130101; D21H 27/002 20130101; D21H 19/38 20130101; D21H
17/67 20130101 |
International
Class: |
D21H 27/02 20060101
D21H027/02; D21H 17/02 20060101 D21H017/02; D21H 17/13 20060101
D21H017/13; D21H 17/60 20060101 D21H017/60; D21H 17/67 20060101
D21H017/67; D21H 17/00 20060101 D21H017/00; D21H 19/38 20060101
D21H019/38; D21H 27/00 20060101 D21H027/00 |
Claims
1. A patterned tissue product defining a major surface having a
planar surface area, the tissue product comprising an additive
composition comprising an oil and a wax and a colorant comprising a
pigment and a wetting agent disposed on the major surface in a
substantially identical first pattern covering less than about 80
percent of the planar surface area.
2. The patterned tissue product of claim 1 wherein the tissue
product comprises two or more cellulosic plies and has a basis
weight from about 10 to about 60 grams per square meter (gsm) and a
tensile strength from about 500 to about 2,000 grams per 76.2
mm.
3. The patterned tissue product of claim 1 wherein the first
pattern covers from about 50 to about 70 percent of the planar
surface area.
4. The patterned tissue product of claim 1 wherein the oil is a
petroleum or a mineral oil, or a combination thereof.
5. The patterned tissue product of claim 4 wherein the additive
composition further comprises a plant oil or a silicone oil.
6. The patterned tissue product of claim 5 wherein the plant oil is
selected from the group consisting of aloe extract, sunflower oil
and avocado oil and the silicone oil selected from the group
consisting of dimethicone and alkyl methylsilicones.
7. The patterned tissue product of claim 1 wherein the additive
composition comprises from about 30 to about 90 weight percent oil
and from about 10 to about 40 weight percent wax and the
composition has a melting point of from about 30 to about
70.degree. C.
8. The patterned tissue product of claim 7 wherein the additive
composition further comprises from about 5 to about 40 weight
percent of a fatty alcohol.
9. The patterned tissue product of claim 1 wherein the additive
composition has an add-on level of from about 0.5 to about 3.0
percent, based upon the weight of the tissue product.
10. The patterned tissue product of claim 1 wherein the pigment
comprises a lake selected from the group consisting of carbon
black, organic barium, strontium, calcium or aluminum lakes, lakes
based on cochineal carmine, diketopyrrolopyrroles, FD&C Yellow
No. 5 aluminum lake, FD&C Yellow No. 6 aluminum lake, FD&C
Blue No. 1 aluminum lake, FD&C Red No. 40 aluminum lake,
FD&C Blue No. 2 aluminum lake and FD&C Green No. 3 aluminum
lake and combinations thereof, a metal oxide selected from the
group consisting of iron oxides, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide,
zirconium oxide, cobalt oxide, cerium oxides, nickel oxides,
chromium oxide, and zinc oxide and a modifying agent selected from
the group consisting of talc, mica, kaolin, bismuth oxychloride,
stainless steel and graphite.
11. The patterned tissue product of claim 1 wherein the wetting
agent is selected from the group consisting of palmitic acid,
hydrogenated polyisobutene, paraben, and combinations thereof.
12. The patterned tissue product of claim 1 wherein the colorant
comprises from about 90 to 95 percent pigment and from about 5 to
about 10 percent wetting agent, based upon the weight of the
colorant.
13. The patterned tissue product of claim 8 wherein the additive
composition comprises from about 30 to about 90 weight percent
mineral oil, from about 10 to about 40 weight percent ceresine wax
and wherein the fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting
of acetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, dodecyl
alcohol and combinations thereof, the colorant comprises a pigment
consisting essentially of a FD&C lake, a metal oxide and mica,
and the wetting agent consists essentially of palmitic acid and
hydrogenated polyisobutene.
14. The patterned tissue product of claim 1 further comprising a
second major surface having a second planar surface area, the
tissue product comprising an additive composition comprising an oil
and a wax and a colorant comprising a pigment and a wetting agent
disposed on the second major surface in a substantially identical
second pattern.
15. A patterned tissue product defining a major surface having a
planar surface area, the tissue product comprising a non-aqueous
additive composition comprising a mineral oil or a petroleum oil, a
wax and a fatty alcohol and a hydrophobic colorant comprising a
pigment and a wetting agent disposed on the major surface in a
substantially identical first pattern, the tissue product having a
weight from about 10 to about 60 grams per square meter (gsm) and a
tensile strength from about 500 to about 2,000 grams per 76.2
mm.
16. The patterned tissue product of claim 15 wherein the wax is
selected from the group consisting of beeswax, carnauba wax,
paraffin wax, ceresine wax and alkyl methyl siloxanes.
17. The patterned tissue product of claim 15 wherein the first
pattern covers from about 50 to about 70 percent of the planar
surface area.
18. The patterned tissue product of claim 15 wherein the additive
composition comprises from about 30 to about 90 weight percent
mineral oil, from about 10 to about 40 weight percent ceresine wax
and from about 5 to about 40 weight percent fatty alcohol selected
from the group consisting of acetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol,
behenyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, and combinations thereof, and the
colorant comprises a pigment consisting essentially of a FD&C
lake, a metal oxide and mica and a wetting agent consisting
essentially of palmitic acid and hydrogenated polyisobutene.
19. A method of making a patterned lotion treated tissue product:
a. providing a tissue web having one or more tissue plies; b.
providing a dispersion comprising an additive composition
comprising a wax and an oil and a colorant comprising a pigment and
a wetting agent; c. applying the dispersion to the tissue web using
a rotogravure process comprising an engraved roll; and d.
recovering from the rotogravure process a tissue product having the
additive composition and the colorant disposed substantially
disposed in a first pattern.
20. The method of claim 19 further comprising the step of mixing
the pigment and the wetting agent to form a hydrophobic colorant
and dispersing the hydrophobic colorant in the additive
composition.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] Tissue products, such as facial tissue, bath tissue, paper
towels, napkins, and the like, have traditionally been marketed in
a variety of forms such as stacks of tissue sheets treated with
additives to provide the sheets with a soft feel, improved
absorbency, or a soothing effect. These additives have attempted to
satisfy a number of criteria to be acceptable to consumers,
including wiping effectiveness, skin feel, skin mildness and
absorbency. Ideal tissue products should be absorbent and soft,
cause little or no irritation, and not leave the skin overly dry
after frequent use. In addition to providing these benefits,
manufacturers have sought to provide consumers with ascetically
pleasing tissue products and in certain instances have attempted to
combine function and appearance.
[0002] Visual indicators such as color have been used to denote the
distinction of active zones and the depletion of active substances
associated with various substrates. For example, U.S. Pat. No.
4,311,479 discloses an antimicrobial composition in a cloth to
provide visual evidence of the activity of the composition.
Portions of the cloth are dyed with an indicator dye which bonds
preferentially to the antimicrobial composition so that when the
antimicrobial composition is exhausted, the dye will disappear from
the cloth.
[0003] U.S. Pat. No. 4,678,704 discloses a fabric having an active
cationic composition and an anionic indicator dye in combination
with a further cationic component, wherein the dye bonds to the
second cationic component more readily than to the fabric. The
second cationic component competes with the active cationic
composition for bonding to the dye. The dye acts as an indicator by
disappearance, which indicates depletion of the active component
with use.
[0004] U.S. Pat. No. 4,987,632 discloses a dry wiping article which
is suitable for use in cleaning soiled surfaces in the presence of
water. A water absorbing layer is treated with a detergent active
compound and a water-soluble dyestuff, the disappearance of which
can signal exhaustion of the material.
[0005] While the foregoing wiping products attempted to denote
specific active zones and/or the depletion of active substances
associated with various substrates their applicability is limited,
particularly with respect to cellulosic substrates and hydrophobic
additives commonly used in tissue products. What is needed is
colorant that is compatible with cellulosic substrates and existing
tissue additives, particularly hydrophobic additives, and is
compatible with existing tissue manufacturing processes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] It has now surprisingly been discovered that hydrophobic
additives can be applied to a cellulosic tissue web in a pattern
and the pattern may further be defined by a colorant. The
hydrophobic additive, which may be a non-aqueous lotion comprising
a wax and an oil, may be combined with a colorant and applied to
the cellulosic tissue web using existing manufacturing processes.
Preferably the colorant is dispersible in the additive and is well
suited for printing on tissue substrate using conventional printing
techniques such as gravure printing. The resulting tissue product
has a colored pattern that provides a visual indication to a user
that an additive is present on the tissue surface.
[0007] Accordingly, in one embodiment the present invention
provides a patterned tissue product defining a major surface having
a planar surface area, the tissue product comprising an additive
composition comprising an oil and a wax and a colorant comprising a
pigment and a wetting agent disposed on the major surface in a
substantially identical first pattern covering less than about 80
percent of the planar surface area and more preferably less than
about 75 percent, and still more preferably less than about 70
percent, such as from about 30 to about 80 percent and more
preferably from about 30 to about 70 percent.
[0008] In another embodiment the present invention provides
patterned tissue product defining a major surface having a planar
surface area, the tissue product comprising an additive composition
and a colorant disposed on the major surface in a substantially
identical first pattern, wherein the additive composition comprises
an oil and a wax and the colorant comprises a pigment and a wetting
agent, wherein the add-on amount of the additive composition ranges
from about 2 to about 5 grams per square meter of planar surface
area.
[0009] In still another embodiment the present invention provides a
patterned treated tissue product having a major surface having a
planar surface area, the product comprising an additive composition
consisting essentially of one or more oils selected from the group
consisting of mineral oil, petroleum oil, plant oil and silicone
oil, and a wax and optionally a fatty alcohol and a colorant
comprising a pigment selected from the group consisting of
consisting of carbon black, organic barium, strontium, calcium or
aluminum lakes, lakes based on cochineal carmine,
diketopyrrolopyrroles, FD&C Yellow No. 5 aluminum lake,
FD&C Yellow No. 6 aluminum lake, FD&C Blue No. 1 aluminum
lake, FD&C Red No. 40 aluminum lake, FD&C Blue No. 2
aluminum lake and FD&C Green No. 3 aluminum lake and
combinations thereof, a metal oxide selected from the group
consisting of iron oxides, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide,
zirconium oxide, cobalt oxide, cerium oxides, nickel oxides,
chromium oxide, and zinc oxide and a modifying agent selected from
the group consisting of talc, mica, kaolin, bismuth oxychloride,
stainless steel and graphite and a wetting agent selected from the
group consisting of palmitic acid, hydrogenated polyisobutene,
paraben, and combinations thereof, on the major surface in a
substantially identical first pattern covering from about 30 to
about 80 percent of the planar surface area.
[0010] In yet another embodiment the present invention provides a
method of making a patterned lotion treated tissue product;
providing a tissue web having one or more tissue plies; providing a
dispersion comprising an additive composition comprising a wax and
an oil and a colorant comprising a pigment and a wetting agent;
applying the dispersion to the tissue web using a rotogravure
process comprising an engraved roll; and recovering from the
rotogravure process a tissue product having the additive
composition and the colorant substantially disposed in a first
pattern. In this manner a single printing step may be used to apply
the additive and colorant in substantially identical patterns to
yield a tissue product having an additive disposed in a visually
discernable pattern.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] FIG. 1 is a schematic of a process of manufacturing a tissue
base sheet in which an additive composition and colorant are
applied to a creped tissue sheet during manufacture using a heated
rotogravure printer;
[0012] FIG. 2 is a schematic of a process similar to FIG. 1, in
which the web to be treated is sourced from a parent roll;
[0013] FIG. 3 is a schematic of a process in which the additive
composition and colorant are applied to both sides of the
tissue;
[0014] FIG. 4 is a further schematic of a process in which both
sides of the tissue product are printed with an additive
composition and colorant using a combination of heated offset
gravure printing and heated direct gravure printing;
[0015] FIG. 5 illustrates one primary pattern applied to the
surface of a tissue product according to the present invention;
and
[0016] FIG. 6 illustrates another primary pattern applied to the
surface of a tissue product according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS
[0017] It has now been discovered that tissue products comprising
an additive adapted to reduce skin irritation, such as a lotion,
and a colorant may be manufactured with relatively low total add-on
amounts of the additive without reducing effectiveness.
Additionally, the additive and colorant may be added simultaneously
and in the same pattern so as to provide a tissue product having a
distinct aesthetic appearance. Additionally, the ability to apply
the lotion and colorant in the same pattern provides a visual cue
to the user that the product comprises a soothing additive.
Further, the visual cue may reinforce the benefits of the product,
enabling lower additive add-on levels without degrading the user
experience.
[0018] In one embodiment the present invention provides a patterned
treated tissue product having a major surface having a planar
surface area. The tissue product comprises an additive composition
and a colorant disposed on the major surface in a substantially
identical first pattern. In certain embodiments the first pattern
may cover less than about 80 percent of the planar surface area and
more preferably less than about 70 percent, such as from about 30
to about 80 percent and still more preferably from about 30 to 70
percent, such as from about 30 to about 50 percent. The colorant
may provide a visual cue to a user and reinforce the soothing
effect of the additive composition. Thus, in certain embodiments
the tissue product may comprise less additive composition compared
to a similar non-colored product, yet provide the same sensory
experience to a user.
[0019] In other embodiments the tissue product comprises an
additive composition and a colorant disposed on the major surface
in a substantially identical first pattern, wherein the additive
composition is a non-aqueous, hydrophobic lotion comprising an oil
and a wax, and the add-on amount of the additive composition ranges
from about 1.0 to about 6.0 grams per square meter of tissue
surface area, such as from about 2.0 to about 5.0 per square meter
of tissue surface area. The colorant may be add-on on amount is
generally dependent upon the additive composition add-on and may be
from about 1 to about 15 percent of the additive add-on, such as
from about 2 to about 12 percent and more preferably from about 3
to about 10 percent. The add-on amounts, and the number, size,
shape, and position of the first pattern can be selected to
maximize the graphical appearance and the overall benefit provided
to the consumer while minimizing the total add-on amount. The term
"add-on amount" refers to the basis weight of the additive
composition and/or colorant in the first pattern, typically
measured in grams per square meter of planar tissue surface
area.
[0020] In still other embodiments the present invention provides a
tissue product comprising an additive composition and a colorant
disposed on the major surface in a substantially identical primary
pattern and an additive composition and a colorant disposed on the
major surface in a substantially identical secondary pattern.
Generally the add-on amount of additive composition in the primary
pattern is greater than the add-on of additive composition in the
secondary pattern. Thus, for any given tissue product having an
additive composition disposed on the tissue surface in a primary
and a secondary pattern having different add-on amounts, the
pattern having higher add-on amounts is deemed the primary pattern
and the pattern having lower add-on amounts is deemed the secondary
pattern. The primary and secondary patterns may be used on one or
both surfaces of the tissue. Further, the additive composition and
colorant may be the same in each of the primary and secondary
patterns, or they may be different.
[0021] In those embodiments where the tissue product comprises a
primary and a secondary pattern, the number, size, shape and
position of the primary pattern on a particular tissue may be
selected so as to obtain the same or substantially the same
consumer benefit as would be obtainable from a tissue product
having similar amounts of additive uniformly applied to the tissue
product. One or more secondary patterns are provided on the tissue
product so as not to detract from the benefit delivered by the
primary pattern. The secondary patterns allow for a reduction in
the cost of the tissue product compared to what would result if the
total coverage area included the additive composition at the
primary add-on amount. It should be readily appreciated that a wide
variety of configurations of the number, size, shape, and position
of the primary and secondary patterns may be possible. The specific
size of the primary pattern and the secondary pattern will depend
upon the desired effect of the additive composition and the
specific additive composition.
[0022] The specific area coverage of the primary pattern, and in
certain embodiments the primary and secondary patterns, and the
void areas, i.e., the areas of the tissue surface that do not
consist of a primary or secondary pattern, will depend upon the
desired effect of the composition and the specific composition. The
tissue coverage of the primary pattern may range from about 30 to
about 90 percent, more specifically from about 40 to about 80
percent, and more specifically from about 50 to about 75 percent,
based on the simple planar view surface area of the tissue. The
void areas that may be present will generally represent from about
0.5 to about 50 percent, more specifically from about 1 to about 25
percent, and still more specifically from about 1 to about 12
percent. Correspondingly, the primary and secondary patterns
desirably have a combined surface area of at least about 30
percent, more particularly at least about 50 percent, such as from
about 30 to about 80 percent and more preferably from about 40 to
about 70 percent, of the planar surface area. The total tissue area
coverage of the primary patterns, secondary patterns, and the void
areas represent, by definition, 100 percent of the tissue surface
area, based on the simple planar view surface area.
[0023] Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of
making a tissue product. The method comprises the steps of
providing an additive composition, particularly a non-aqueous
hydrophobic lotion comprising an oil and a wax, providing a
colorant comprising a pigment and a wetting agent, dispersing the
colorant in the additive composition to form a dispersion,
providing a tissue web, applying the dispersion to the tissue web
using a gravure printing process comprising an engraved roll having
a primary pattern. Generally the foregoing method results in a
tissue product having both an additive composition and a colorant
disposed in a primary pattern having a primary add-on level.
[0024] One particularly beneficial method is to uniformly apply the
dispersion, which comprises both an additive composition and a
colorant, to the surface of the tissue web by rotogravure printing,
either direct or indirect (offset), because it is a very exact
printing process and offers maximum control of the composition
distribution and transfer rate. However, other application methods,
such as flexographic printing, spraying, extruding, and the like
can also be used.
[0025] Typical of gravure printing, the additive composition and
colorant within the primary or secondary patterns may actually be
present in a large number of small, spaced apart deposits on the
tissue surface. These deposits are desirably uniformly positioned
within each pattern but only cover part of the surface in each
pattern. When viewed by the naked eye, the large number of small
spaced-apart deposits appear to cover the entire surface, but in
fact do not. The actual surface area coverage of the deposits can
be from about 30 to about 80 percent, more specifically from about
40 to about 75 percent and still more specifically from about 50 to
about 70 percent. For purposes of the present invention, the
surface areas of the primary and secondary patterns include the
complete area circumscribed by the pattern of deposits, and not
just the actual surface area coverage of the deposits.
[0026] Gravure printing is ideally suited to such an application by
providing, for example, from about 10 to about 1,000 deposits per
lineal inch of surface, or from about 100 to about 1,000,000
deposits per square inch. Each deposit results from an individual
cell on a printing roll, so that the density of the deposits
corresponds to the density of the cells. Gravure printing
encompasses several well-known engraving techniques, such as
mechanical engraving, acid-etch engraving, electronic engraving and
ceramic laser engraving. A suitable electronic engraved example for
a primary delivery zone is about 200 deposits per lineal inch of
surface, or about 40,000 deposits per square inch. By providing
such a large number of small deposits, the uniformity of the
deposit distribution is very high. Also, because of the large
number of small deposits applied to the surface of the tissue, the
deposits more readily resolidify on the surface of the tissue where
they are most effective in benefiting the user. As a consequence, a
relatively low amount of the additive composition can be used to
cover a large area.
[0027] The add-on rate is also determined by the volume of the
gravure roll engraving. Typically, this is expressed in terms of
the volume of the cells per square inch of engraved area. The
volume in the primary delivery regions will deliver more additive
composition than the volume in the supplementary delivery regions.
The range of liquid cell volume for a primary delivery region,
described in terms of cubic billion microns (CBM) per square inch,
is suitably from about 0.5 to about 15 CBM per square inch, more
specifically from about 1 to about 10 CBM per square inch, and
still more specifically from about 1.5 to about 8 CBM per square
inch. The range of liquid cell volume for a supplementary delivery
region is suitably from 0.1 to about 10 CBM per square inch, more
specifically from about 0.5 to about 8 CBM per square inch, and
still more specifically from about 0.75 to about 6 CBM per square
inch.
[0028] Referring to FIG. 1, a method of carrying out this invention
will be described in greater detail. FIG. 1 illustrates a tissue
sheet 1 approaching a Yankee dryer 2 and being dislodged from the
dryer with a creping blade 3. The dried creped tissue sheet 4 is
passed to a heated rotogravure printing station comprising a
backing roll 6 and an engraved roll 7, at which point the additive
composition and colorant are applied to one surface of the tissue
sheet to provide a treated and patterned tissue product. The
treated and patterned tissue product is then wound into a roll 8
for subsequent converting operations.
[0029] In certain embodiments the additive composition comprises an
oil and a wax, which are heated prior to application to the tissue
web by rotogravure printing. In such embodiments the additive
composition is supplied by a heated supply tank 10 and pumped to a
heated doctor application head 11 by a suitable metering pump. It
is desirable to maintain constant temperature in the process.
Accordingly, the melted composition, which is preferably a
dispersion comprising the additive composition and colorant, may be
continually circulated between the supply tank 10 and the
application head 11 while maintaining an adequate amount in the
reservoir. The heated doctor applicator head supplies the melted
composition to the engraved roll 7, the surface of which contains a
plurality of small cells to form the primary pattern on the final
tissue product.
[0030] In operation the engraved roll 7 is loaded to the backing
roll 6 to force the tissue web or sheet into contact with the
engraved roll. The backing roll 6 can be any material that meets
the process requirements such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber
or other compressible surfaces.
[0031] FIG. 2 is similar to FIG. 1, differing only in that the
tissue sheet to be printed with additive composition and colorant
is supplied from a parent roll 15. This is intended to depict
off-line printing, in which the printing operation is carried out
independently of the tissue sheet manufacturing process. The sheet
17 being printed with the additive composition and colorant can be
a single ply or it can be multiple plies. The resulting sheet is
then wound into a roll 16 for further converting operations.
[0032] FIG. 3 is similar to FIG. 2, but illustrates two-sided
direct heated rotogravure printing of the sheet using two printing
stations in sequence. Two-sided printing is desirable when the
effect of the composition is desired on both sides and/or the
tissue sheet consists of two or more plies.
[0033] FIG. 4 represents two-sided printing of the tissue sheet
using an offset heated gravure printing method on one side of the
sheet and a direct heated gravure printing method on the other side
of the sheet. In this method, the engraved roll and the backup roll
6 (now doubling as an offset applicator roll) can be the same as
the rolls used for the previously described methods. However, a
second engraved roll 20 requires different liquid delivery
characteristics and thus is engraved slightly differently. For such
rolls, for example, the direct engraving specifications for the
primary pattern may be selected to provide a first add-on amount
and the engraving specifications for the secondary pattern can be
adapted to provide relatively lower add-on amounts.
[0034] The additive composition generally comprises an oil based,
non-aqueous and hydrophobic composition. In certain preferred
embodiments the additive composition comprises an oil and a wax. In
other embodiments the additive composition may comprise an oil, a
wax and optionally a sterol or sterol derivative, a humectant, an
emollient and a fatty alcohol. Suitable additive compositions are
disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,601,871 and 5,665,426, the contents
of which are hereby incorporated by reference in a manner
consistent with the present specification. Non-limiting examples of
suitable additive compositions are provided in the Table 1, below.
All weights are based upon the total weight of the additive
composition.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Component Weight Component Composition % Wax
Ceresin Wax 10-40% Oil Mineral Oil 30-90% Dimethicone 1.0-5.0% Aloe
extract 0.1-2.0% Fatty Alcohol Cetyl Alcohol 5.0-30%
[0035] The amount of oil in the composition can be from about 30 to
about 90 weight percent, more specifically from about 40 to about
70 weight percent, and still more specifically from about 45 to
about 60 weight percent. Suitable oils include, but are not limited
to, the following classes of oils: petroleum or mineral oils, such
as mineral oil and petrolatum; or animal oils, such as mink oil and
lanolin oil.
[0036] In certain embodiments the additive composition may comprise
from about 30 to about 90 weight percent oil, and from about 10 to
about 40 weight percent wax, preferably also containing from about
5 to about 40 weight percent fatty alcohol, wherein the additive
composition has a melting point from about 30 to about 70.degree.
C., more specifically from about 40 to about 60.degree. C. For
purposes herein, "melting point" is the temperature at which the
majority of the melting occurs, it being recognized that melting
actually occurs over a range of temperatures.
[0037] The amount of wax in the composition can be from about 10 to
about 40 weight percent, more specifically from about 10 to about
30 weight percent, and still more specifically from about 15 to
about 25 weight percent. Suitable waxes include, but are not
limited to the following classes: natural waxes, such as beeswax
and carnauba wax; petroleum waxes, such as paraffin and ceresine
wax; silicone waxes, such as alkyl methyl siloxanes; or synthetic
waxes, such as synthetic beeswax and synthetic sperm wax.
[0038] The amount of fatty alcohol in the composition, if present,
can be from about 5 to about 40 weight percent, and more
specifically from about 10 to about 30 weight percent. Suitable
fatty alcohols include alcohols having a carbon chain length of
C.sub.14-C.sub.30, including acetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol,
behenyl alcohol, and dodecyl alcohol.
[0039] Preferably the additive composition is a solid or a
semi-solid at room temperature and is melted prior to application
to the tissue product after which it re-solidifies to form a
distribution, preferably a uniform distribution, of solid deposits
on the surface(s) of the tissue product. Because the composition is
a solid at room temperature and rapidly solidifies after
deposition, it has less tendency to penetrate and migrate into the
sheet. Compared to tissues treated with liquid formulations, this
leaves a greater percentage of the additive composition on the
surface of the tissue where it can contact and transfer to the
user's skin to provide enhanced skin health benefits. Furthermore,
a lower add-on amount can be used to deliver the same benefit at a
lower cost because of the efficient placement of the composition
substantially at the surface of the product.
[0040] In certain preferred embodiments the additive composition
comprises from about 20 to about 50 weight percent mineral oil and
from about 10 to about 30 weight percent ceresin wax having a
melting point from 64 to 67.degree. C. and from about 10 to about
30 weight percent fatty alcohol selected from the group consisting
of cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, and dodecyl
alcohol and optionally one or more oils selected from the group
consisting of plant oils, such as aloe extract, sunflower oil and
avocado oil; and silicone oils, such as dimethicone and alkyl
methylsilicones.
[0041] The total tissue add-on amount of the additive composition
and colorant can be from about 1 to about 40 weight percent, more
specifically from about 3 to about 15 weight percent, and still
more specifically from about 5 to about 10 weight percent, based on
the weight of the tissue. The add-on amount for each of the
additive composition and the colorant will depend upon the desired
effect of the composition on the product attributes and the
specific composition. Generally, though, with respect to an
additive composition of the foregoing type comprising a wax and an
oil, the add-on amount is suitably from about 1 to about 35 weight
percent, more specifically from about 3 to about 15 weight percent,
and still more specifically from about 4 to about 10 weight
percent, based on the weight of the tissue.
[0042] In addition to an additive composition disposed in a
pattern, such as a hydrophobic non-aqueous lotion comprising a wax
and an oil, the tissue products of the present invention comprise a
colorant disposed on the tissue product in a substantially
identical additive pattern. Generally colorants useful in the
present invention are hydrophobic and are dispersible in the
non-aqueous additive compositions described above. As used herein,
the term "colorants" generally refers to a "pigment," which
generally refers to a material capable of providing tint or color
to a cellulosic substrate, such as a tissue web, and a wetting
agent. In particularly preferred embodiments, discussed further
below, the colorant may further comprise a modifying agent.
[0043] Suitable pigments may include, for example, a color
extender, a dye, an inorganic pigment, a lake, a toner, or a
combination thereof. In certain embodiments the pigment may
comprise an organic lake such as for example, any one of the
FD&C or D&C lakes. Among the organic lakes, the lake may be
selected from the group consisting of carbon black, organic barium,
strontium, calcium or aluminum lakes, lakes based on cochineal
carmine, diketopyrrolopyrroles, FD&C Yellow No. 5 aluminum
lake, FD&C Yellow No. 6 aluminum lake, FD&C Blue No. 1
aluminum lake, FD&C Red No. 40 aluminum lake, FD&C Blue No.
2 aluminum lake and FD&C Green No. 3 aluminum lake and
combinations thereof.
[0044] In other embodiments the pigment may comprise inorganic
pigments such as, but not limited to, metal oxides such as iron
oxides, titanium dioxide (TiO2), titanium lower oxides, aluminum
oxide, zirconium oxides, cobalt oxides, cerium oxides, nickel
oxides chromium oxide (chromium green), zinc oxide and composite
metal oxides; metal hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide, iron
hydroxides, aluminum hydroxide, chromium hydroxide, magnesium
hydroxide and composite metal hydroxides. Optionally, the colorant
may comprise, besides the mixture of iron oxides, titanium dioxide,
for the purpose of providing any desired final color or shade of
color to the composition. Preferably, titanium dioxide is used in
any one of its mineral forms such as, but not limited to, anatase,
brookite or rutile, or mixtures thereof.
[0045] In certain embodiments the colorant may include a substrate
responsible for imparting additional optical or visual properties
to the material, referred to herein as a "modifying agent." For
example, the modifying agent can include, but is not limited to
talc, mica, kaolin, bismuth oxychloride, stainless steel, graphite,
platy metals such as bronze, copper and aluminum or a combination
thereof.
[0046] In addition to the foregoing components, which will
generally be referred to herein as pigments or modifying agents,
the colorant comprises a wetting agent. In certain embodiments the
pigment may be a particulate solid having a non-hydrophobic core
that has been treated with a wetting agent to yield a particle with
a hydrophobic outer surface. Suitable wetting agents may comprise a
natural or synthetic oil, hydrolyzed protein, fatty acid, fatty
acid ester, fatty acid-amino acid peptide dimer, p-hydroxybenzoic
acid ester or phenoxy alcohol. Particularly preferred wetting
agents include phenyl trimethicone, hydrogenated soybean oil,
hydrogenated polyisobutene, lauroyl lysine, methyl paraben, propyl
paraben, butyl paraben, palmitic acid, stearic acid,
caprylic/capric triglyceride, octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate,
hydrolyzed oat protein, octyl palmitate or isopropyl isostearate.
The foregoing wetting agents can be used alone or in various
combinations. In general, the amount of wetting agent will by about
1.0 to 10 percent, and more preferably from about 4.0 to about 6.0
percent, based on the total weight of the colorant and wetting
agent.
[0047] In certain instances stearic acid and stearate salts may be
particularly useful for rendering a pigment surface hydrophobic.
Fatty acids suitable for use as wetting agents in the present
invention include Hystrene.RTM. or Industrene.RTM. products
commercially available from PMC Biogenix (Memphis, Tenn.) or
Emersol.RTM. products commercially available from Emery
Oleochemicals LLC (Cincinnati, Ohio). In other instances it may be
useful to use a blend of two or more wetting agents selected from
the group consisting of palmitic acid, hydrogenated polyisobutene
and paraben.
[0048] In particularly preferred embodiments the colorant comprises
a finely divided particulate inorganic solid treated with two or
more wetting agents such as, for example, palmitic acid,
hydrogenated polyisobutene and paraben, to render their surfaces
hydrophobic. In this manner the treated particles will wet out and
disperse better in the additive composition, such as a lotion
comprising oil and wax described above. Suitable finely divided
particulate solids include minerals, such as calcium carbonate,
mica, talc, kaolin, bentonites, clays, attapulgite, pyrophyllite,
wollastonite, silica, feldspar, sand, quartz, chalk, limestone,
precipitated calcium carbonate, diatomaceous earth and barytes;
functional fillers such as microspheres (ceramic, glass and
organic), aluminum trihydrate, pyrogenic silica, ceramic fibers and
glass fibers; and inorganic pigments. The term "finely divided"
when utilized herein means that the individual particles have a
median particle size less than about 50 microns and more preferably
less than about 30 microns as measured by standard sedigraphic or
laser light scattering methods. Preferably, the particulate solid
material has a particle size distribution wherein 95 percent of the
particles have a particle size from 5 to 50 microns.
[0049] Certain preferred combinations of pigments and wetting
agents useful in the application of colored pattern to the planar
surface of a tissue product according to the present invention are
set forth below in Table 2. The compositions listed below are
merely for illustrative purposes and are non-limiting. All weights
are based upon the total weight of the colorant.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Component Weight Component Composition %
Pigment Mica 40-50% TiO.sub.2 20-35% FD&C Lake 18-25% Wetting
Palmitic acid 0.5-1.0% Agent Hydrogenated 4.0-6.0%
polyisobutene
[0050] The three components--additive composition, pigment and
wetting agent--may be combined in any order and in a single
blending step or in a series of sequential blending steps. It has
been found that best results are generally achieved when the
pigment and wetting are blended separately from the blending and
heating of the additive composition and then the colorant is
dispersed in the heated additive composition.
[0051] The colorant and additive composition are preferably added
to the tissue product in a single step, by rotogravure printing,
either direct or indirect (offset), as described above. The
additive composition may be heated and then the colorant may be
dispersed in the heated additive with further heating prior to
application to the tissue web by rotogravure printing. In such
embodiments the additive composition and colorant may be supplied
by a heated supply tank and pumped to a heated doctor application
head.
[0052] The colorant and additive composition may be added in a
variety of patterns. As used herein the term "pattern" generally
refers to the arrangement of one or more design elements. Within a
given pattern the design elements may be the same or may be
different, further the design elements may be the same relative
size or may be different sizes. For example, in one embodiment, a
single design element may be repeated in a pattern, but the size of
the design element may be different from one design element to the
next within the pattern.
[0053] For example, the pattern may comprise a plurality of line
elements. The line element may be of any suitable shape such as
straight, bent, kinked, curled, curvilinear, serpentine,
sinusoidal, and mixtures thereof that may form a regular or
irregular, periodic or non-periodic lattice work of structures
wherein the line element exhibits a length along its path of at
least 10 mm. In one embodiment, the pattern may comprise regular
and repeating, continuous, curvilinear line elements that intersect
one another to form enclosed areas, such as the pattern illustrated
in FIG. 5. The total surface area of the tissue sheet printed with
such patterns may range from about 30 to about 80 percent, such as
from about 40 to about 75 percent and more preferable from about 50
to about 70 percent.
[0054] In other embodiments the pattern may comprise a plurality of
discrete elements, such as geometric elements like circles, such as
the pattern illustrated in FIG. 6. In addition to discrete elements
the pattern may comprise dots or dashes, which may be spaced so as
to have the appearance of being continuous. The total surface area
of the tissue sheet printed with such patterns may range from about
30 to about 80 percent, such as from about 40 to about 75 percent
and more preferable from about 50 to about 70 percent.
[0055] The tissue product of this invention can be one-ply,
two-ply, three-ply or more. In all cases, the additive composition
is desirably applied to the outer surface(s) of the product. The
composition can be applied after the plies are brought together or
prior to bringing the plies together. The individual plies can be
layered or non-layered (homogeneous).
[0056] For purposes herein, "tissue sheet" and "tissue web"
generally refer to a single ply cellulosic web suitable for use in
tissue products, such as facial tissue, bath tissue, towels,
napkins, or the like. Cellulosic tissue sheets of paper-making
fibers are preferred, although synthetic fibers can be present in
significant amounts.
[0057] Tissue products having a pattern applied lotion and colorant
according to the present invention may have a geometric mean
tensile (GMT) greater than about 500 grams per 76.2 mm (g/76.2 mm),
such as from about 500 to about 1,500 g/76.2 mm and more preferably
from about 800 to about 1,100 g/76.2 mm. Further the tissue
products may have a basis weight of greater than 10 grams per
square meter (gsm), such as from about 10 to about 80 gsm, more
preferably from about 15 to about 60 gsm and still more preferably
from about 20 to about 50 gsm, such as from about 30 to about 45
gsm. At the foregoing basis weights the webs may have a sheet bulk
greater than about 5.0 cc/g, such as from about 5.0 to about 20.0
cc/g and more preferably from about 8.0 to about 12.0 cc/g.
[0058] In a particularly preferred embodiment the present invention
provides multi-ply tissue product comprising two or more creped
tissue plies joined in facing arrangement with one another and
defining a major first outer surface having a planar surface area,
the tissue product comprising an additive composition comprising an
oil and a wax and a colorant comprising a pigment and a wetting
agent disposed on the major surface in a substantially identical
first pattern, the product having a basis weight from about 30 to
about 45 gsm and a GMT from about 500 to about 1,500 g/76.2 mm.
[0059] While the inventive tissue webs, tissue products and
non-aqueous dispersions have been described in detail with respect
to the specific embodiments thereof, it will be appreciated that
those skilled in the art, upon attaining an understanding of the
foregoing, may readily conceive of alterations to, variations of,
and equivalents to these embodiments. Accordingly, the scope of the
present invention should be assessed as that of the appended claims
and any equivalents thereto and the following embodiments:
[0060] In a first embodiment the present invention provides a
patterned tissue product defining a major surface having a planar
surface area, the tissue product comprising an additive composition
comprising an oil and a wax and a colorant comprising a pigment and
a wetting agent disposed on the major surface in a substantially
identical first pattern covering less than about 80 percent of the
planar surface area.
[0061] In a second embodiment the present invention provides the
patterned tissue product of the first embodiment wherein the tissue
product comprises two or more cellulosic plies and has a basis
weight from about 10 to about 60 grams per square meter (gsm) and a
tensile strength from about 500 to about 2,000 grams per 76.2
mm.
[0062] In a third embodiment the present invention provides the
patterned tissue product of the first or second embodiments wherein
first pattern covers from about 30 to about 70 percent of the
planar surface area.
[0063] In a fourth embodiment the present invention provides the
patterned tissue product of any one of the first through third
embodiments wherein the oil is a petroleum or a mineral oil, or a
combination thereof.
[0064] In a fifth embodiment the present invention provides the
patterned tissue product of any one of the first through fourth
embodiments wherein the oil of the additive composition is a
mineral oil and the additive composition further comprises a plant
oil selected from the group consisting of aloe extract, sunflower
oil and avocado oil and silicone oil selected from the group
consisting of dimethicone and alkyl methylsilicones.
[0065] In a sixth embodiment the present invention provides the
patterned tissue product of any one of the first through fifth
embodiments wherein the additive composition comprises from about
30 to about 90 weight percent oil and from about 10 to about 40
weight percent wax and the composition has a melting point of from
about 30 to about 70.degree. C.
[0066] In a seventh embodiment the present invention provides the
patterned tissue product of any one of the first through sixth
embodiments wherein the additive composition further comprises from
about 5 to about 40 weight percent of a fatty alcohol.
[0067] In an eighth embodiment the present invention provides the
patterned tissue product of any one of the first through seventh
embodiments wherein the pigment comprises a lake selected from the
group consisting of carbon black, organic barium, strontium,
calcium or aluminum lakes, lakes based on cochineal carmine,
diketopyrrolopyrroles, FD&C Yellow No. 5 aluminum lake,
FD&C Yellow No. 6 aluminum lake, FD&C Blue No. 1 aluminum
lake, FD&C Red No. 40 aluminum lake, FD&C Blue No. 2
aluminum lake and FD&C Green No. 3 aluminum lake and
combinations thereof, a metal oxide selected from the group
consisting of iron oxides, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide,
zirconium oxide, cobalt oxide, cerium oxides, nickel oxides,
chromium oxide, and zinc oxide and a modifying agent selected from
the group consisting of talc, mica, kaolin, bismuth oxychloride,
stainless steel and graphite.
[0068] In an ninth embodiment the present invention provides the
patterned tissue product of any one of the first through eighth
embodiments wherein the wetting agent is selected from the group
consisting of palmitic acid, hydrogenated polyisobutene, paraben,
and combinations thereof.
[0069] In a tenth embodiment the present invention provides the
patterned tissue product of any one of the first through ninth
embodiments further comprising a second pattern consisting of an
additive composition comprising an oil and a wax and a colorant
comprising a pigment and a wetting agent.
[0070] In an eleventh embodiment the present invention provides a
non-aqueous colorant dispersion comprising a non-aqueous media
consisting of an oil, a wax and a fatty alcohol, a lake pigment
selected from the group consisting of carbon black, organic barium,
strontium, calcium or aluminum lakes, lakes based on cochineal
carmine, diketopyrrolopyrroles, FD&C Yellow No. 5 aluminum
lake, FD&C Yellow No. 6 aluminum lake, FD&C Blue No. 1
aluminum lake, FD&C Red No. 40 aluminum lake, FD&C Blue No.
2 aluminum lake and FD&C Green No. 3 aluminum lake and
combinations thereof, a metal oxide selected from the group
consisting of iron oxides, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide,
zirconium oxide, cobalt oxide, cerium oxides, nickel oxides,
chromium oxide, and zinc oxide, a modifying agent selected from the
group consisting of talc, mica, kaolin, bismuth oxychloride,
stainless steel and graphite and a wetting agent selected from the
group consisting of palmitic acid, hydrogenated polyisobutene,
paraben and combinations thereof.
[0071] In a twelfth embodiment the present invention provides a
patterned tissue product defining a major surface having a planar
surface area, the tissue product comprising the non-aqueous
colorant dispersion of the eleventh embodiment disposed on the
planar surface in a first pattern.
[0072] In a thirteenth embodiment the present invention provides
the patterned tissue product of the twelfth embodiment wherein the
pattern comprises a plurality of line elements having a length
along its path of at least 10 mm.
[0073] In a fourteenth embodiment the present invention provides
the patterned tissue product of the twelfth embodiment wherein the
pattern comprises regular and repeating, continuous, curvilinear
line elements that intersect one another to form enclosed
areas.
[0074] In a fourteenth embodiment the present invention provides
the patterned tissue product of the twelfth or thirteenth
embodiments wherein the pattern comprises a plurality of discrete
elements, such as geometric elements like circles. The foregoing
discrete elements may be formed from line elements, dots or
dashes.
[0075] In a fifteenth embodiment the present invention provides the
patterned tissue product of any one of the twelfth through
fourteenth embodiments wherein the pattern covers from about 30 to
about 80 percent, such as from about 40 to about 75 percent, and
more preferable from about 50 to about 70 percent, of the planar
surface of the tissue product.
* * * * *