U.S. patent application number 16/626328 was filed with the patent office on 2021-05-20 for mine exploitation, separation and filing, and x exploitation.
This patent application is currently assigned to China University of Mining and Technology. The applicant listed for this patent is China University of Mining and Technology, XUZHOU ZHONGKUANG BACKFILLING & MINING TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Invention is credited to Meng LI, Guohao MENG, Wenyue QI, Jianfeng SUN, Jixiong ZHANG, Qiang ZHANG.
Application Number | 20210148228 16/626328 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000005371647 |
Filed Date | 2021-05-20 |
United States Patent
Application |
20210148228 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
ZHANG; Jixiong ; et
al. |
May 20, 2021 |
MINE EXPLOITATION, SEPARATION AND FILING, AND X EXPLOITATION
Abstract
The present invention discloses a mine exploitation, separation
and filling and X exploitation mode, including four "exploitation,
separation and filling and X" exploitation modes, namely an
"exploitation, separation and filling and retaining" exploitation
mode, an "exploitation, separation and filling and treatment"
exploitation mode, an "exploitation, separation and filling and
extraction" exploitation mode, and an "exploitation, separation and
filling and control" exploitation mode. The selection of the
"exploitation, separation and filling and X" exploitation mode is
determined by actual engineering needs. A goaf filling rate is
designed to meet the actual engineering needs of the mine, solve
the technical problems in mine resource exploitation, and realize
the objective of green, harmonious and safe exploitation of coal
resources. Compared with an original "exploitation, separation and
filling" exploitation mode, the "exploitation, separation and
filling and X" exploitation mode is more systematic and
comprehensive and is beneficial to engineering promotion and
application.
Inventors: |
ZHANG; Jixiong; (Jiangsu,
CN) ; ZHANG; Qiang; (Jiangsu, CN) ; QI;
Wenyue; (Jiangsu, CN) ; LI; Meng; (Jiangsu,
CN) ; SUN; Jianfeng; (Jiangsu, CN) ; MENG;
Guohao; (Jiangsu, CN) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
China University of Mining and Technology
XUZHOU ZHONGKUANG BACKFILLING & MINING TECHNOLOGY
CO.,LTD |
Jiangsu
Xuzhou |
|
CN
CN |
|
|
Assignee: |
China University of Mining and
Technology
Jiangsu
CN
XUZHOU ZHONGKUANG BACKFILLING & MINING TECHNOLOGY
CO.,LTD
Xuzhou
CN
|
Family ID: |
1000005371647 |
Appl. No.: |
16/626328 |
Filed: |
April 1, 2019 |
PCT Filed: |
April 1, 2019 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/CN2019/080749 |
371 Date: |
December 24, 2019 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E21C 41/18 20130101;
E21F 15/00 20130101 |
International
Class: |
E21C 41/18 20060101
E21C041/18; E21F 15/00 20060101 E21F015/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Sep 30, 2018 |
CN |
201811157750.4 |
Claims
1. A mine "exploitation, separation and filling and X" exploitation
method based on coal gangue separation and on-site filling, wherein
"exploitation" is a gangue small-scale exploitation system,
"separation" is a coal gangue separation system, "filling" is a
filling system, and "X" is an exploitation, separation and filling
integrated synergistic production system; and the mine
exploitation, separation and filling, and X exploitation mode
comprises the following steps: step 1: selecting the gangue
small-scale exploitation system according to mine geological and
hydrological conditions, a mine system layout manner, and a coal
resource exploitation site, selecting the coal gangue separation
system according to a coal gangue separation effect, underground
space occupation, and a separation system performance factor,
selecting an on-site filling system according to filling material
performance, a material conveying manner, and a filling system
performance factor, and forming an "exploitation, separation and
filling" system suitable for an actual production need of a mine;
step 2: determining an X production system according to an actual
engineering need of the mine, and forming an "exploitation,
separation and filling, and X" exploitation mode; step 3: designing
a goaf filling rate to meet the actual engineering need of the
mine; and step 4: obtaining an actual measured filling rate by
dynamic monitoring equipment in an exploitation process, performing
comparison with an engineering control object, and ensuring that a
measured value of the actual measured filling rate meets a need of
the engineering control by adjusting a technology, and a management
method, thereby realizing an engineering objective.
2. The mine "exploitation, separation and filling and X"
exploitation method based on coal gangue separation and on-site
filling according to claim 1, wherein the gangue small-scale
exploitation system comprises a tunneling face gangue small-scale
exploitation system, a protection layer gangue small-scale
exploitation system, a coal seam group gangue small-scale
exploitation system, and a wild coal seam gangue small-scale
exploitation system; the coal gangue separation system comprises a
selectively crushed coal gangue separation system, a dense-medium
shallow-slot coal gangue separation system, a movable sieve jigging
coal gangue separation system, and a whole-grain water-based coal
gangue separation system; the on-site filling system comprises a
gangue filling system, a paste filling system, a cementing material
filling system, and a high-water material filling system; and the X
production system comprises a coal pillar-less entry retaining
system, a filling and caving synergistic production system, a gas
three-dimensional extraction system, and a filling effect control
feedback system.
3. The mine "exploitation, separation and filling and X"
exploitation method based on coal gangue separation and on-site
filling according to claim 1, wherein a specific method for
determining the X production system in the step 2 comprises the
following steps: a: when a mine engineering aims to increase a
mining rate of coal resources, taking a coal pillar-less gob-side
entry retaining system as the X, and forming an "exploitation,
separation and filling, and retaining" exploitation mode; b: when
the mine engineering aims to purely treat gangue, taking a filling
and caving synergistic production system as the X, and forming an
"exploitation, separation and filling, and treatment" exploitation
mode; c: when the mine engineering aims to simultaneously exploit
coal and gas, taking a gas three-dimensional extraction system as
the X, and forming an "exploitation, separation and filling, and
extraction" exploitation mode; and d: when the mine engineering
aims to realize a water-preserved harmonious exploitation of coal
under a water-bearing bed, a safe exploitation of a coal seam group
under a hard roof, and a non-destructive exploitation of an
"under-three" deep coal resource, taking a filling effect control
feedback system as the X, and forming an "exploitation, separation
and filling, and control" exploitation mode.
4. The mine "exploitation, separation and filling and X"
exploitation method based on coal gangue separation and on-site
filling according to claim 3, wherein a specific method for
designing the goaf filling rate in the step 3 comprises the
following steps: a: during the "exploitation, separation and
filling and retaining" exploitation mode, controlling a stability
of a roadside filling body by controlling the goaf filling rate to
replace a coal pillar support roof to displace coal resources,
thereby increasing the mining rate of the coal resources and
realizing multiple exploitations of coal resources; b: during the
"exploitation, separation and filling and treatment" exploitation
mode, controlling gangue treatment capacity by controlling the goaf
filling rate, thereby realizing wasteless exploitation of the coal
resources; c: during the "exploitation, separation and filling and
extraction" exploitation mode, changing coal seam permeability by
controlling the goaf filling rate to achieve an objective of
harmonious simultaneous exploitation of coal and gas, thereby
realizing simultaneous exploitation of coal associated resources;
and d: during the "exploitation, separation and filling and
control" exploitation mode, controlling height of a water flowing
fractured zone of a water-preserved exploitation mine, a critical
breaking distance of a hard roof of a hard roof coal seam, and a
critical equivalent mining height of an "under-three" coal mine by
controlling the goaf filling rate, thereby realizing the
water-preserved harmonious exploitation of coal under the
water-bearing bed, safe exploitation of the coal seam group under
the hard roof, and the non-destructive exploitation of the
"under-three" deep coal resource.
5. The mine "exploitation, separation and filling and X"
exploitation method based on coal gangue separation and on-site
filling according to claim 2, wherein a specific method for
determining the X production system in the step 2 comprises the
following steps: a: when a mine engineering aims to increase a
mining rate of coal resources, taking a coal pillar-less gob-side
entry retaining system as the X, and forming an "exploitation,
separation and filling, and retaining" exploitation mode; b: when
the mine engineering aims to purely treat gangue, taking the
filling and caving synergistic production system as the X, and
forming an "exploitation, separation and filling, and treatment"
exploitation mode; c: when the mine engineering aims to
simultaneously exploit coal and gas, taking the gas
three-dimensional extraction system as the X, and forming an
"exploitation, separation and filling, and extraction" exploitation
mode; and d: when the mine engineering aims to realize a
water-preserved harmonious exploitation of coal under a
water-bearing bed, a safe exploitation of a coal seam group under a
hard roof, and a non-destructive exploitation of an "under-three"
deep coal resource, taking the filling effect control feedback
system as the X, and forming an "exploitation, separation and
filling, and control" exploitation mode.
Description
1. TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a coal seam exploitation
method, particularly relates to a mine exploitation, separation and
filling and X exploitation mode, and belongs to the technical field
of coal mine exploitation.
2. BACKGROUND OF RELATED ART
[0002] In a traditional roof caving type coal mining mode, a roof
is caved after exploitation, thereby causing the environmental
problems of surface subsidence, gangue discharge and the like.
Therefore, a comprehensive mechanized solid filling coal mining
technology has gradually developed. However, the comprehensive
mechanized solid filling coal mining technology still needs to lift
underground raw coal doped with gangue to the ground, and after
being washed and separated, the coal is conveyed to a working face
by a batch feeder for performing filling operation, so that mine
auxiliary lifting and ground coal washing plants have larger
pressure and higher cost. An exploitation, separation and filling
integrated production mode developed on this basis integrates
underground coal mining, separation and filling, thereby realizing
high synergy in the aspects of mine development layout, production
system layout, exploitation, separation and filling equipment
capability matching and the like.
[0003] With the continuous application of an "exploitation,
separation and filling" system in mine exploitation, the functions
of the "exploitation, separation and filling" system have been
continuously improved and developed from an original gangue
treatment function to a water-preserved exploitation function, a
gob-side entry retaining function and an "under-three" coal
exploitation function. More and more engineering cases prove that
the "exploitation, separation and filling" system can be suitable
for mines under different geological conditions to solve different
engineering technology problems in coal resource exploitation.
However, at present, mine exploitation modes based on the
"exploitation, separation and filling" system to meet certain
engineering needs of mines are mostly applied to a certain working
face of a certain mine, and no systematic and comprehensive
exploitation modes have been formed. Furthermore, most of the
"exploitation, separation and filling" systems are reformed systems
which difficultly form good matching and connection with the
original production system of the mine and are not conducive to
engineering application and promotion. Therefore, the study on an
exploitation mode which takes a mine "exploitation, separation and
filling" system as a basis, adds related systems according to
actual engineering needs of the mine and realizes high integration
of all systems has great significance for on-site engineering
promotion and application of the "exploitation, separation and
filling" system.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] In order to overcome various defects existing in the prior
art, the present invention provides a mine exploitation, separation
and filling and X exploitation mode. An exploitation method
suitable for each mine condition is systematically selected. A goaf
filling rate is controlled to meet an actual engineering need of a
mine, solve technical problems in mine resource exploitation, and
realize the objective of green, harmonious and safe exploitation of
coal resources.
[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention
provides a mine exploitation, separation and filling and X
exploitation mode. "Exploitation" is a gangue small-scale
exploitation system, "separation" is a coal gangue separation
system, "filling" is a filling system, and "X" is an exploitation,
separation and filling integrated synergistic production system.
The mine exploitation, separation and filling and X exploitation
mode includes the following steps:
[0006] step 1: selecting the gangue small-scale exploitation system
according to mine geological and hydrological conditions, a mine
system layout manner and a coal resource exploitation site,
selecting the a coal gangue separation system according to a coal
gangue separation effect, underground space occupation and
separation system performance factor, selecting an on-site filling
system according to filling material performance, a material
conveying manner and a filling system performance factor, and
forming an "exploitation, separation and filling" system suitable
for an actual production need of a mine;
[0007] step 2: determining an X production system according to an
actual engineering need of the mine, and forming an "exploitation,
separation and filling and X" exploitation mode;
[0008] step 3: designing a goaf filling rate to meet the actual
engineering need of the mine; and
[0009] step 4: obtaining an actually measured filling rate by
dynamic monitoring equipment in an exploitation process, performing
comparison with an engineering control object, and ensuring that a
measured value of the filling rate meets the need of engineering
control by adjusting a technology and a management method, thereby
realizing an engineering objective.
[0010] Further, the gangue small-scale exploitation system includes
a tunneling face gangue small-scale exploitation system, a
protection layer gangue small-scale exploitation system, a coal
seam group gangue small-scale exploitation system and a wild coal
seam gangue small-scale exploitation system;
[0011] the coal gangue underground separation system includes a
selectively crushed coal gangue separation system, a dense-medium
shallow-slot coal gangue separation system, a movable sieve jigging
coal gangue separation system and a whole-grain water-based coal
gangue separation system;
[0012] the on-site filling system includes a gangue filling system,
a paste filling system, a cementing material filling system and a
high-water material filling system; and
[0013] the X production system includes a coal pillar-less entry
retaining system, a filling and caving synergistic production
system, a gas three-dimensional extraction system and a filling
effect control feedback system.
[0014] Further, a specific method for determining the X production
system in the step 2 includes the following steps:
[0015] a. when mine engineering aims to increase a mining rate of
coal resources, taking a coal pillar-less gob-side entry retaining
system as the X, and forming an "exploitation, separation and
filling and retaining" exploitation mode;
[0016] b. when the mine engineering aims to purely treat gangue,
taking the filling and caving synergistic production system as the
X, and forming an "exploitation, separation and filling and
treatment" exploitation mode;
[0017] c. when the mine engineering aims to simultaneously exploit
coal and gas, taking the gas three-dimensional extraction system as
the X, and forming an "exploitation, separation and filling and
extraction" exploitation mode; and
[0018] d. when the mine engineering aims to realize water-preserved
harmonious exploitation of coal under a water-bearing bed, safe
exploitation of a coal seam group under a hard roof and
non-destructive exploitation of an "under-three" deep coal
resource, taking the filling effect control feedback system as the
X, and forming an "exploitation, separation and filling and
control" exploitation mode.
[0019] Further, a specific method for designing the goaf filling
rate in the step 3 includes the following steps:
[0020] a. when the exploitation mode is "exploitation, separation
and filling and retaining", controlling the stability of a roadside
filling body by controlling the goaf filling rate to replace a coal
pillar support roof to displace coal resources, thereby increasing
the mining rate of the coal resources and realizing exploitation of
many coal resources;
[0021] b. when the exploitation mode is "exploitation, separation
and filling and treatment", controlling gangue treatment capacity
by controlling the goaf filling rate, thereby realizing wasteless
exploitation of the coal resources;
[0022] c. when the exploitation mode is "exploitation, separation
and filling and extraction", changing coal seam permeability by
controlling the goaf filling rate to achieve an objective of
harmonious simultaneous exploitation of coal and gas, thereby
realizing simultaneous exploitation of coal associated resources;
and
[0023] d. when the exploitation mode is "exploitation, separation
and filling and control", controlling height of a water flowing
fractured zone of a water-preserved exploitation mine, a critical
breaking distance of a hard roof of a hard roof coal seam, and
critical equivalent mining height of the "under-three" coal mine by
controlling the goaf filling rate, thereby realizing
water-preserved harmonious exploitation of coal under the
water-bearing bed, safe exploitation of the coal seam group under
the hard roof, and non-destructive exploitation of an "under-three"
deep coal resource.
[0024] In the present invention, "exploitation, separation and
filling" systems are determined according to factors such as mine
geological and hydrological conditions, mine system layout, mine
"exploitation, separation and filling" capability requirements and
the coal resource exploitation site, then, an X production system
is determined according to an actual engineering need of the mine
and technical problems, and an "exploitation, separation and
filling and X" exploitation mode is formed. The overall system
involves 256 exploitation methods. The goaf filling rate is
controlled according to different methods to meet the actual
engineering need of the mine, solve the technical problems in mine
resource exploitation, and realize the objective of green,
harmonious and safe exploitation of coal resources. Compared with
an original "exploitation, separation and filling" exploitation
mode, the "exploitation, separation and filling and X" exploitation
mode disclosed by the present invention is more systematic and
comprehensive and is beneficial to engineering promotion and
application.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] FIG. 1 is a design flow chart of a method of the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0026] The present invention will be described in detail below with
reference to the drawing and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
[0027] Since the construction of a mine in Shandong, a strip type
coal mining method was always adopted, leaving a large number of
protective coal pillars and forming a stagnant coal volume, and
resulting in a low resource recovery rate; furthermore, existing
coal seams were doped with gangue severely; and a large amount of
aeolian sand was deposited on the surface of the mine, and tests
showed that cementing and conveying properties were excellent. In
order to increase a mining rate of coal resources of the mine,
reduce gangue content and treat gangue on the site, and consider a
matching relationship between production systems, by following a
principle of "low excavated volume of separated gangue and less
space occupation of a separation system", a set of suitable
exploitation, separation and filling system was selected according
to an actual condition of the mine to realize a production
objective of the mine.
[0028] As shown in FIG. 1, a mine exploitation, separation and
filling and X exploitation mode includes the following steps:
[0029] step 1: an "exploitation, separation and filling" system,
including a wild coal seam gangue small-scale exploitation system,
a dense-medium shallow-slot coal gangue separation system and a
cementing and filling system, suitable for an actual production
need of the mine was selected according to the above factors;
[0030] step 2: since mine engineering aims to increase a mining
rate of coal resources, a coal pillar-less gob-side entry retaining
system was taken as the X, and an "exploitation, separation and
filling and retaining" exploitation mode was formed;
[0031] step 3: the stability of a roadside filling body was
controlled by controlling a goaf filling rate to replace a coal
pillar support roof to displace the coal resources, thereby
increasing the mining rate of the coal resources and realizing
exploitation of many coal resources; and
[0032] step 4: an actually measured filling rate was obtained by
dynamic monitoring equipment in an exploitation process, comparison
was performed with an engineering control object for the stability
of the roadside filling body, and a technology and a management
method were adjusted to ensure that a measured value of the filling
rate meets the need of engineering control, thereby realizing an
engineering objective.
Embodiment 2
[0033] The exploitation depth of a mine in Henan exceeded 1100 m,
and auxiliary lifting became a major problem. The fifteenth coal
seam was mainly exploited, and the coal seam had original gas
content of 15.256 m3/t, original gas pressure of 1.78 MPa and a gas
permeability coefficient of only 0.0776 m2/MPa2d, which was a
high-gas, low-permeability and low-drainage coal seam. The
occurrence of the fourteenth coal seam coating the fifteenth coal
seam was unstable, the thickness of the coal seam was only 0.5 m,
and technical conditions for conventional protection layer
exploitation were not provided. In order to safely exploit a
protection layer for performing gas pressure relief and increasing
permeability, achieve an objective of simultaneously exploiting the
fifteenth coal seam and gas, and simultaneously underground
treating exploited gangue during protection layer exploitation, a
set of suitable exploitation, separation and filling system needs
to be selected according to the actual condition of the mine to
realize an production objective of the mine.
[0034] As shown in FIG. 1, a mine exploitation, separation and
filling and X exploitation mode includes the following steps:
[0035] step 1: an "exploitation, separation and filling" system,
including a protection layer gangue small-scale exploitation
system, a movable sieve jigging coal gangue separation system and a
gangue filling system, suitable for an actual production need of a
mine was selected according to above factors;
[0036] step 2: since mine engineering aims to simultaneously
exploit coal and gas, a gas three-dimensional extraction system was
taken as the X, and an "exploitation, separation and filling and
extraction" exploitation mode was formed;
[0037] step 3: coal seam permeability was changed by controlling a
goaf filling rate to achieve an objective of harmonious
simultaneous exploitation of coal and gas, thereby realizing
simultaneous exploitation of coal associated resources; and
[0038] step 4: an actually measured filling rate was obtained by
dynamic monitoring equipment in an exploitation process, comparison
was performed with an engineering control object, and a technology
and a management method were adjusted to ensure that a measured
value of the filling rate meets the need of engineering control,
thereby realizing an engineering objective.
Embodiment 3
[0039] The occurrence of a coal seam of a primary mineable coal bed
in a mine in Inner Mongolia was complicated, the thickness of the
coal seam has large change, a working face was overlarge and has
more minor faults, and the coal seam of the working face was doped
with gangue severely, resulting in increase in mine lifting cost.
Furthermore, a large amount of gangue was deposited on the surface
of the mine, occupied a large area of land and polluted the
surrounding environment of the mine. In order to solve the problem
that the coal seam of the mine was doped with gangue and to convey
the gangue on the ground to a underground space for filling, a set
of suitable exploitation, separation and filling system needs to be
selected according to actual conditions of the mine to realize a
production objective of the mine.
[0040] As shown in FIG. 1, a mine exploitation, separation and
filling and X exploitation mode includes the following steps:
[0041] step 1: an "exploitation, separation and filling" system,
including a wild coal seam gangue small-scale exploitation system,
a selective crushing separation system and a gangue filling system,
suitable for an actual production need of a mine was selected
according to above factors;
[0042] step 2: since mine engineering aims to treat gangue, a
filling and caving synergistic production system was taken as the
X, and an "exploitation, separation and filling and treatment"
exploitation mode was formed;
[0043] step 3: coal seam permeability was changed by controlling a
goaf filling rate to achieve an objective of harmonious
simultaneous exploitation of coal and gas, thereby realizing
simultaneous exploitation of coal associated resources; and
[0044] step 4: an actually measured filling rate was obtained by
dynamic monitoring equipment in an exploitation process, comparison
was performed with an engineering control object, and a technology
and a management method were adjusted to ensure that a measured
value of the filling rate meets the need of engineering control,
thereby realizing an engineering objective.
[0045] According to different actual engineering needs, the system
may form four exploitation modes, namely an "exploitation,
separation and filling and retaining" exploitation mode, an
"exploitation, separation and filling and treatment" exploitation
mode, an "exploitation, separation and filling and extraction"
exploitation mode and an "exploitation, separation and filling and
control" exploitation mode, almost covering all exploitation
methods, so that there are ways to follow when engineering methods
are formulated, and control on engineering quality and promotion of
the engineering methods are more facilitated. The above three
embodiments are specifically selected according to different
conditions of mines for the method of the present invention, and
are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification,
equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the
spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included
within the protection scope of the present invention.
* * * * *