U.S. patent application number 17/093794 was filed with the patent office on 2021-04-22 for image recording method, ink, and liquid composition.
The applicant listed for this patent is CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA. Invention is credited to Takashi Imai, Mamiko Kaji.
Application Number | 20210114379 17/093794 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000005315998 |
Filed Date | 2021-04-22 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20210114379 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Imai; Takashi ; et
al. |
April 22, 2021 |
IMAGE RECORDING METHOD, INK, AND LIQUID COMPOSITION
Abstract
An image recording method including the steps of applying an ink
containing a coloring material and anionic resin particles to a
recording medium, and applying a liquid composition to the
recording medium so as to at least partly overlap with an area
where the ink is applied, the liquid composition destabilizing a
dispersion state of the coloring material or of the anionic resin
particles in the ink. The ink contains a trihydric or higher
polyhydric alcohol compound having a group formed by substituting a
hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group by a structure represented by
--R.sub.n--H, where R is an alkyleneoxy group including an
ethyleneoxy group, and the number of Rs per molecule is 40 or more
and 120 or less when the polyhydric alcohol is a trihydric alcohol
and is 12 or more and 400 or less when the polyhydric alcohol is a
tetrahydric or higher polyhydric alcohol.
Inventors: |
Imai; Takashi;
(Kawasaki-shi, JP) ; Kaji; Mamiko; (Kawasaki-shi,
JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA |
Tokyo |
|
JP |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000005315998 |
Appl. No.: |
17/093794 |
Filed: |
November 10, 2020 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
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15964304 |
Apr 27, 2018 |
10864748 |
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17093794 |
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14983909 |
Dec 30, 2015 |
9981480 |
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15964304 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B41J 2/2117 20130101;
C09D 11/40 20130101; C09D 11/54 20130101; C09D 133/08 20130101;
C09D 11/38 20130101; B41J 2/2114 20130101; B41J 2/2107 20130101;
C08K 5/053 20130101 |
International
Class: |
B41J 2/21 20060101
B41J002/21; C08K 5/053 20060101 C08K005/053; C09D 133/08 20060101
C09D133/08; C09D 11/38 20060101 C09D011/38; C09D 11/40 20060101
C09D011/40; C09D 11/54 20060101 C09D011/54 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jan 8, 2015 |
JP |
2015-002611 |
Claims
1-12. (canceled)
13. A liquid composition destabilizing a dispersion state of a
coloring material or of anionic resin particles in an ink, wherein
the liquid composition comprises a trihydric or higher polyhydric
alcohol compound having a group formed by substituting a hydrogen
atom of a hydroxyl group by a structure represented by
--R.sub.n--H, where R is an alkyleneoxy group including an
ethyleneoxy group, and the number of "R"s per molecule is (i) 40 or
more and 120 or less when the polyhydric alcohol is a trihydric
alcohol and (ii) 12 or more and 400 or less when the polyhydric
alcohol is a tetrahydric or higher polyhydric alcohol.
14. The liquid composition according to claim 13, wherein the
liquid composition is used for an image recording method, the image
recording method comprising the steps of: applying the ink
comprising the coloring material and the anionic resin particles to
a recording medium; and applying the liquid composition to the
recording medium so as to at least partly overlap with an area
where the ink is applied.
15. The liquid composition according to claim 13, further
comprising at least one substance selected form polyvalent metal
ions and organic acids.
16. The liquid composition according to claim 13, further
comprising a polyvalent metal ion, and a content of the polyvalent
metal ion is 3% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less based on
the total mass of the liquid composition.
17. The liquid composition according to claim 13, further
comprising an organic acid, and a content of the organic acid is 3%
by mass or more and 99% by mass or less based on the total mass of
the liquid composition.
18. The liquid composition according to claim 13, wherein a content
of the polyhydric alcohol compound is 5.0% by mass or more based on
the total mass of the liquid composition.
19. The liquid composition according to claim 13, wherein a content
of the polyhydric alcohol compound is 20.0% by mass or more and
70.0% by mass or less based on the total mass of the liquid
composition.
20. The liquid composition according to claim 13, wherein the
trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol compound is represented by
the following general formula A, B, C, or D: ##STR00003## wherein,
in the general formula A, m is 2 to 4; ##STR00004## wherein, in the
general formula C, m is 1 to 10; ##STR00005##
21. The liquid composition according to claim 13, wherein the R is
the alkyleneoxy group including the ethyleneoxy group and a
propyreneoxy group.
22. The liquid composition according to claim 13, wherein, in the
structure represented by --R.sub.n--H, the n is 2.0 to 66.7.
23. The liquid composition according to claim 13, wherein the
trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol compound is a pentahydric or
higher and a dodecahydric or lower polyhydric alcohol compound, and
wherein the number of "R"s per molecule is 40 or more and 120 or
less.
24. The liquid composition according to claim 23, wherein the
pentahydric or higher and the dodecahydric or lower polyhydric
alcohol compound is represented by the following general formula A,
B, or C: ##STR00006## wherein, in the general formula A, m is 3 to
4; ##STR00007## wherein, in the general formula C, m is 3 to
10.
25. The liquid composition according to claim 24, wherein, in
general formula C, m is 4 to 10.
26. The liquid composition according to claim 13, further
comprising water, wherein a content of the water is 50.0% by mass
or more and 95.0% by mass or less based on the total mass of the
liquid composition.
27. An image recording method comprising the steps of: applying an
ink comprising a coloring material and anionic resin particles to a
recording medium; and applying a liquid composition to the
recording medium so as to at least partly overlap with an area
where the ink is applied, the liquid composition destabilizing a
dispersion state of the coloring material or of the anionic resin
particles in the ink, wherein the liquid composition comprises a
trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol compound having a group
formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group by a
structure represented by --R.sub.n--H, where R is an alkyleneoxy
group including an ethyleneoxy group, and the number of "R"s per
molecule is (i) 40 or more and 120 or less when the polyhydric
alcohol is a trihydric alcohol and (ii) 12 or more and 400 or less
when the polyhydric alcohol is a tetrahydric or higher polyhydric
alcohol.
28. A clear ink comprising: (a) anionic resin particles; and (b) a
trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol compound having a group
formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group by a
structure represented by --R.sub.n--H, where R is an alkyleneoxy
group including an ethyleneoxy group, and the number of "R"s per
molecule is (i) 40 or more and 120 or less when the polyhydric
alcohol is a trihydric alcohol and (ii) 12 or more and 400 or less
when the polyhydric alcohol is a tetrahydric or higher polyhydric
alcohol.
29. An image recording method comprising the steps of: applying a
clear ink comprising anionic resin particles to a recording medium;
and applying a liquid composition to the recording medium to at
least partly overlap with an area where the clear ink is applied,
the liquid composition destabilizing a dispersion state of the
anionic resin particles in the clear ink, wherein the clear ink
comprises a trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol compound having
a group formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group
by a structure represented by --R.sub.n--H, where R is an
alkyleneoxy group including an ethyleneoxy group, and the number of
"R"s per molecule is (i) 40 or more and 120 or less when the
polyhydric alcohol is a trihydric alcohol and (ii) 12 or more and
400 or less when the polyhydric alcohol is a tetrahydric or higher
polyhydric alcohol.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
[0001] The present invention relates to an image recording method
and to an ink and a liquid composition used for the image recording
method.
Description of the Related Art
[0002] In conventional image recording methods, a two-liquid
reaction type image recording method (two-liquid reaction system)
using an ink containing a pigment (pigment ink) and a liquid
composition that destabilizes the dispersion state of the pigment
in the ink has been studied.
[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-31267
discloses an image recording method using an ink containing a
pigment and resin particles having a structure derived from a
methacrylic acid derivative and a liquid composition containing an
organic acid, and describes the suppression of the image shift
phenomenon mentioned later.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] The above object is achieved by the following present
invention.
[0005] An image recording method of the present invention includes
the steps of applying an ink containing a coloring material and
anionic resin particles to a recording medium and applying a liquid
composition to the recording medium so as to at least partly
overlap with an area where the ink is applied, the liquid
composition destabilizing a dispersion state of the coloring
material or of the anionic resin particles in the ink. In the image
recording method, the ink contains a trihydric or higher polyhydric
alcohol compound having a group formed by substituting a hydrogen
atom of a hydroxyl group by a structure represented by --R.sub.n--H
(where R is an alkyleneoxy group including an ethyleneoxy group;
and the number of Rs per molecule is 40 or more and 120 or less
when the polyhydric alcohol is a trihydric alcohol and is 12 or
more and 400 or less when the polyhydric alcohol is a tetrahydric
or higher polyhydric alcohol) (hereinafter referred to as the first
invention).
[0006] Another image recording method of the present invention
includes the steps of applying an ink containing a coloring
material and anionic resin particles to a recording medium and
applying a liquid composition to the recording medium so as to at
least partly overlap with an area where the ink is applied, the
liquid composition destabilizing a dispersion state of the coloring
material or of the anionic resin particles in the ink. In the image
recording method, the liquid composition contains a trihydric or
higher polyhydric alcohol compound having a group formed by
substituting a hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group by a structure
represented by --R.sub.n--H (where R is an alkyleneoxy group
including an ethyleneoxy group; and the number of Rs per molecule
is 40 or more and 120 or less when the polyhydric alcohol is a
trihydric alcohol and is 12 or more and 400 or less when the
polyhydric alcohol is a tetrahydric or higher polyhydric alcohol)
(hereinafter referred to as the second invention).
[0007] Still another image recording method of the present
invention includes the steps of applying a clear ink containing
anionic resin particles to a recording medium and applying a liquid
composition to the recording medium to at least partly overlap with
an area where the clear ink is applied, the liquid composition
destabilizing a dispersion state of the anionic resin particles in
the clear ink. In the image recording method, the clear ink
contains a trihydric or higher polyhydric alcohol compound having a
group formed by substituting a hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group by
a structure represented by --R.sub.n--H (where R is an alkyleneoxy
group including an ethyleneoxy group; and the number of Rs per
molecule is 40 or more and 120 or less when the polyhydric alcohol
is a trihydric alcohol and is 12 or more and 400 or less when the
polyhydric alcohol is a tetrahydric or higher polyhydric alcohol)
(hereinafter referred to as the third invention).
[0008] According to the present invention, an image recording
method capable of giving images with high image quality can be
provided.
[0009] Further features of the present invention will become
apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments
with reference to the attached drawing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] FIG. 1s a schematic view illustrating an example structure
of a recording apparatus used in the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0011] The inventors of the present invention have examined the
image recording method according to Japanese Patent Application
Laid-Open No. 2010-31267 and have failed to obtain any image with
high-level image quality when high speed recording, which has been
recently demanded, is carried out.
[0012] An object of the present invention is thus to provide an
image recording method capable of giving images with high image
quality when high speed recording is carried out.
[0013] The present invention will now be described in detail with
reference to preferred embodiments.
[0014] The inventors of the present invention have first studied
the reason why the image recording method using the conventional
two-liquid reaction system cannot give an image with high-level
image quality when high speed recording is carried out. The results
will be described below.
[0015] The image recording method using the conventional two-liquid
reaction system is designed so that the reactivity between an ink
(including a clear ink) and a liquid composition becomes high in
order to effectively suppress blurring or bleeding. Specifically,
the ink containing a coloring material and anionic resin particles
(clear ink containing anionic resin particles) and the liquid
composition are formulated so that the coloring material or the
anionic resin particles immediately aggregate on a recording medium
when the ink (clear ink) comes in contact with the liquid
composition. When high speed recording is carried out, the
application timing of the ink (clear ink) is quite close to the
application timing of the liquid composition, and thus the ink in a
liquid state is mixed with the liquid composition in a liquid state
in some cases. At this time, when the reactivity between the ink
(clear ink) and the liquid composition is excessively high,
volumetric shrinkage is caused during aggregation of the coloring
material or the resin particles. The shrunk aggregate of the
coloring material or the resin particles shifts in an area where
the ink (clear ink) and the liquid composition have been applied.
This unfortunately causes the phenomenon in which the coloring
material is fixed to an area shifted from an intended area on a
recording medium (image shift phenomenon).
[0016] The inventors of the present invention have studied the
method for suppressing the image shift phenomenon and have arrived
at the configuration of the present invention. Specifically, an ink
containing a coloring material and anionic resin particles (first
invention), a clear ink containing anionic resin particles (third
invention), or a liquid composition used in combination with the
ink (clear ink) (second invention) contains a polyhydric alcohol
compound in which the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group is
substituted by the structure represented by --R.sub.n--H (where R
is an alkyleneoxy group including an ethyleneoxy group; the number
of Rs per molecule is 40 or more and 120 or less when the
polyhydric alcohol is a trihydric alcohol and is 12 or more and 400
or less when the polyhydric alcohol is a tetrahydric or higher
polyhydric alcohol). Mechanisms of producing the advantageous
effect of the present invention with this configuration will be
described below.
[0017] In the polyhydric alcohol compound, the structure
represented by --R.sub.n--H (polyalkyleneoxy group) substituted for
the hydrogen atom contains a polyethyleneoxy structure
[--(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.x--]. In addition, the polyhydric
alcohol compound has an oxygen atom derived from a hydroxyl group,
and thus can form a hydrogen bond with a coloring material or
anionic resin particles in the ink. Hence, when the ink is mixed
with the liquid composition, the coloring material or the anionic
resin particles undergo aggregation reaction while adsorbing the
polyhydric alcohol compound. At this time, the aggregation reaction
itself proceeds immediately, but the resulting aggregate is present
among the coloring material or the resin particles with the
polyhydric alcohol compound incorporated therein, and thus the
volumetric shrinkage is unlikely to be caused by the aggregation
reaction. In this manner, the image shift phenomenon is supposed to
be suppressed while the high-speed aggregating properties are
improved.
[0018] In such a manner of the above mechanism, the respective
components synergistically affect each other, and consequently the
advantageous effect of the present invention can be achieved.
[0019] <Polyhydric alcohol compound having a group formed by
substituting the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group by the structure
represented by --R.sub.n--H (where R is an alkyleneoxy group
including an ethyleneoxy group; the number of Rs per molecule is 40
or more and 120 or less when the polyhydric alcohol is a trihydric
alcohol and is 12 or more and 400 or less when the polyhydric
alcohol is a tetrahydric or higher polyhydric alcohol)>
[0020] In the present invention, the polyhydric alcohol compound is
a compound having three or more carbon atoms and having three or
more hydroxyl groups (that is, a trihydric or higher polyhydric
alcohol compound). In the present invention, examples of the
polyhydric alcohol include sorbitol, maltitol, xylitol, erythritol,
lactitol, mannitol, glycerol, diglycerol, polyglycerol, oligo-sugar
alcohols, palatinit, threitol, arabinitol, ribitol, iditol,
volemitol, perseitol, octitol, galactitol, trimethylolpropane,
trimethylolethane, dimethylolheptane, glucose, glucosides, and
condensates thereof. Examples of the condensate of the polyhydric
alcohol include dipentaerythritol. Specifically, the polyhydric
alcohol is preferably sorbitol, xylitol, erythritol,
dipentaerythritol, mannitol, glycerol, diglycerol, polyglycerol, or
trimethylolethane.
[0021] The structure represented by --R.sub.n--H (where R is an
alkyleneoxy group including an ethyleneoxy group) is a
polyalkyleneoxy group including a polyethyleneoxy structure
[--(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.x--]. R (alkyleneoxy group) is
preferably a methyleneoxy group or a propyleneoxy group in addition
to the ethyleneoxy group. R may be a combination of a plurality of
alkyleneoxy groups. For example, the structure includes the case in
which both an ethyleneoxy group and a propyleneoxy group are
contained and the sum of the respective repetition numbers is n. In
the present invention, the structure represented by --R.sub.n--H
may be a random copolymer or block copolymer composed of the
ethyleneoxy group and other alkyleneoxy groups. In such a case, the
proportion of the ethyleneoxy group is preferably 5% by mass or
more of the total amount from the viewpoint of water-solubility. In
the present invention, the structure is preferably a block
copolymer of an ethyleneoxy group and a propyleneoxy group. For
example, the structure is preferably
[--(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.x--(CHCH.sub.3CH.sub.2O).sub.y--H] or
[--(CHCH.sub.3CH.sub.2O).sub.y--(CH.sub.2CH.sub.2O).sub.x--H] in
terms of interaction with a coloring material or resin
particles.
[0022] In the present invention, "the number of Rs per molecule"
means the total number of repeating structures of the alkyleneoxy
group contained in one molecule of the polyhydric alcohol compound
in the present invention. In the present invention, the number of
Rs per molecule is required to be 40 or more and 120 or less when
the polyhydric alcohol is a trihydric alcohol and is required to be
12 or more and 400 or less when the polyhydric alcohol is a
tetrahydric or higher polyhydric alcohol. The number of Rs per
molecule is preferably 50 or more and 120 or less when the
polyhydric alcohol is a tetrahydric alcohol and is preferably 40 or
more and 400 or less when the polyhydric alcohol is a pentahydric
or higher and dodecahydric or lower polyhydric alcohol.
[0023] In the present invention, "the trihydric or higher
polyhydric alcohol compound having a group formed by substituting
the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group by the structure represented
by --R.sub.n--H" is exemplified by the following compound, when the
polyhydric alcohol is sorbitol, for example. In the formula, EtO
represents an ethyleneoxy group, each of n.sub.1 to n.sub.6 is
independently, preferably 1.25 or more, more preferably 2 or more,
and particularly preferably 5 or more. The sum of n.sub.1 to
n.sub.6 (or the number of Rs per molecule) is 12 or more and 400 or
less.
##STR00001##
[0024] Content of Polyhydric Alcohol Compound
[0025] (1) First Invention
[0026] In the first invention, the polyhydric alcohol compound in
which the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group is substituted by the
structure represented by --R.sub.n--H (where R is an alkyleneoxy
group including an ethyleneoxy group; the number of Rs per molecule
is 40 or more and 120 or less when the polyhydric alcohol is a
trihydric alcohol and is 12 or more and 400 or less when the
polyhydric alcohol is a tetrahydric or higher polyhydric alcohol)
(hereinafter also simply referred to as "polyhydric alcohol
compound") is used in an ink containing a coloring material and
anionic resin particles.
[0027] In the first invention, the content of the polyhydric
alcohol compound is preferably 0.2% by mass or more and more
preferably 0.6% by mass or more and is preferably 10.0% by mass or
less based on the total mass of the ink.
[0028] In the first invention, the mass ratio of the content of the
anionic resin particles relative to the content of the polyhydric
alcohol compound based on the total mass of the ink is preferably
0.5 times or more and 25.0 times or less, more preferably 0.5 times
or more and 8.0 times or less, and even more preferably 0.5 times
or more and 5.0 times or less in terms of mass ratio. When the mass
ratio is within this range, the image shift mentioned above can be
further suppressed.
[0029] (2) Second Invention
[0030] In the second invention, the polyhydric alcohol compound is
used in a liquid composition that destabilizes the dispersion state
of the coloring material or of the anionic resin particles in the
ink.
[0031] In the second invention, the content of the polyhydric
alcohol compound is preferably 5.0% by mass or more, more
preferably 20.0% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 20.0%
by mass or more and 70.0% by mass or less based on the total mass
of the liquid composition.
[0032] In the second invention, the mass ratio of the application
amount of the anionic resin particles derived from the ink relative
to the application amount of the polyhydric alcohol compound
derived from the liquid composition with respect to a recording
medium is preferably 0.3 times or more and 60.0 times or less and
more preferably 0.5 times or more and 40.0 times or less in terms
of mass ratio. When the mass ratio is within this range, the image
shift mentioned above can be further suppressed.
[0033] (3) Third Invention
[0034] In the third invention, the polyhydric alcohol compound is
used in a clear ink containing anionic resin particles.
[0035] In the third invention, the content of the polyhydric
alcohol compound is preferably 0.2% by mass or more, and more
preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 10.0% by mass or less based on
the total mass of the clear ink.
[0036] In the third invention, the mass ratio of the content of the
anionic resin particles relative to the content of the polyhydric
alcohol compound based on the total mass of the clear ink is
preferably 0.5 times or more and 25.0 times or less, more
preferably 0.5 times or more and 8.0 times or less, and even more
preferably 0.5 times or more and 5.0 times or less in terms of mass
ratio. When the mass ratio is within the range, the image shift
mentioned above can be further suppressed.
[0037] Ink
[0038] In the present invention, the ink contains a coloring
material and anionic resin particles. The ink can further contain
an aqueous medium and other components. The materials usable in the
ink will next be described. In the following description,
"(meth)acrylic acid" and "(meth)acrylate" mean "acrylic acid,
methacrylic acid" and "acrylate, methacrylate", respectively.
[0039] Coloring Material
[0040] The coloring material of the present invention is
exemplified by known pigments and dyes.
[0041] Specifically, the coloring material is preferably the
pigment from the viewpoint of weatherability and image quality.
[0042] In the present invention, the content of the coloring
material in the ink is preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 15.0% by
mass or less, and more preferably 1.0% by mass or more and 10.0% by
mass or less based on the total mass of the ink.
[0043] The pigment is exemplified by resin-dispersion type pigments
containing a resin as a dispersant (including resin-dispersed
pigments containing a resin dispersant, microcapsule pigments in
which the surface of pigment particles is covered with a resin, and
resin-bonded pigments in which an organic group containing a resin
is chemically bonded to the surface of pigment particles) and
self-dispersion type pigments (self-dispersible pigments) in which
hydrophilic groups are introduced onto the surface of pigment
particles, which are classified in terms of dispersion manner.
Pigments with different dispersion manners can naturally be used in
combination. Carbon black or an organic pigment is preferably used
as a specific pigment. These pigments can be used singly or in
combination of two or more of them. When the pigment used in the
ink is the resin-dispersion type pigment, a resin is used as a
dispersant. The resin used as the dispersant preferably has both a
hydrophilic moiety and a hydrophobic moiety. Specific examples of
the resin include acrylic resins prepared by polymerization of a
monomer having a carboxyl group, such as acrylic acid and
methacrylic acid; and urethane resins prepared by polymerization of
a diol having an anionic group, such as dimethylolpropionic acid.
The resin used as the dispersant preferably has an acid value of 50
mg KOH/g or more and 550 mg KOH/g or less. The resin used as the
dispersant preferably has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of
1,000 or more and 50,000 or less which is determined by GPC in
terms of polystyrene. The content of the resin dispersant in the
ink is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 10.0% by mass or less
and more preferably 0.2% by mass or more and 4.0% by mass or less
based on the total mass of the ink. The mass ratio of the content
of the resin dispersant relative to the content of the pigment is
preferably 0.1 times or more and 3.0 times or less in terms of mass
ratio.
[0044] Anionic Resin Particles
[0045] In the present invention, the "resin particles" mean a resin
present in the state of particles having a particle size and
dispersed in a solvent. In the present invention, the resin
particles preferably have a 50% cumulative volume average particle
diameter (D.sub.50) of 10 nm or more and 1,000 nm or less. The
resin particles more preferably have a D.sub.50 of 40 nm or more
and 500 nm or less and even more preferably 50 nm or more and 500
nm or less. In the present invention, the D.sub.50 of resin
particles is determined by the following procedure. A resin
particle dispersion is diluted 50 times (in terms of volume) with
pure water, and the diluted dispersion is subjected to measurement
with an UPA-EX150 (manufactured by NIKKISO CO., LTD.) under
measurement conditions of a SetZero of 30 s, a number of
measurements of three times, a measurement time of 180 seconds, and
a refractive index of 1.5.
[0046] The resin particles preferably have a weight average
molecular weight of 1,000 or more and 2,000,000 or less which is
determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in terms of
polystyrene.
[0047] The minimum film-forming temperature of the resin particles
is preferably 20 degree C. or more and 200 degree C. or less and
more preferably 20 degree C. or more and 100 degree C. or less. The
determination method of the minimum film-forming temperature of the
resin particles in the present invention is in accordance with JIS
K 6828-2, "Determination of minimum film-forming temperature".
[0048] In the image recording methods of the first to third
inventions, the content (% by mass) of the resin particles in the
ink is preferably 1.0% by mass or more based on the total mass of
the ink. The content of the resin particles is more preferably 3%
by mass or more and even more preferably 5% by mass or more and 15%
by mass or less.
[0049] In the present invention, any resin particles satisfying the
above definition of the resin particles can be used in the ink. As
the monomer used for the resin particles, any monomers
polymerizable by emulsion polymerization, suspension
polymerization, dispersion polymerization, or a similar method can
be used. Examples of the resin particles include acrylic resin
particles, vinyl acetate resin particles, ester resin particles,
ethylene resin particles, urethane resin particles, synthetic
rubber particles, vinyl chloride resin particles, vinylidene
chloride resin particles, and olefinic resin particles, which are
classified in terms of the difference in monomer. Among them,
acrylic resin particles or urethane resin particles are preferably
used.
[0050] Examples of the monomer specifically usable for the acrylic
resin particles include .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids
such as (meth)acrylic acid, maleic acid, crotonic acid, angelic
acid, itaconic acid, and fumaric acid and salts thereof; ester
compounds of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as
ethyl (meth)acrylate, methyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate,
methoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, ethoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, diethylene
glycol (meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol (meth)acrylate,
tetraethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol
(meth)acrylate, methoxydiethylene glycol (meth)acrylate,
methoxytriethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxytetraethylene
glycol (meth)acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate,
cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate,
N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, monobutyl maleate, and
dimethyl itaconate; alkyl amide compounds of
.alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as
(meth)acrylamide, dimethyl(meth)acrylamide,
N,N-dimethylethyl(meth)acrylamide,
N,N-dimethylpropyl(meth)acrylamide, isopropyl(meth)acrylamide,
diethyl(meth)acrylamide, (meth)acryloylmorpholine, maleic acid
monoamide, and crotonic acid methylamide;
.alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated compounds having an aryl
group, such as styrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene, vinyl phenylacetate,
benzyl (meth)acrylate, and 2-phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate; and ester
compounds of polyfunctional alcohols, such as ethylene glycol
diacrylate and polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate. Such an acrylic
resin may be a homopolymer prepared by polymerization of a single
monomer or a copolymer prepared by polymerization of two or more
monomers. When the resin particles are a copolymer, the copolymer
may be a random copolymer or a block copolymer. Specifically
preferred are resin particles prepared by using hydrophilic
monomers and hydrophobic monomers. The hydrophilic monomer is
exemplified by .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids and
salts thereof, and the hydrophobic monomer is exemplified by ester
compounds of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids and
.alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated compounds having an aryl
group. In particular, the anionic resin particles are preferably a
polymer of a monomer composition containing at least one monomer
selected from the group consisting of ester compounds of
.alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids and
.alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated compounds having an aryl
group.
[0051] The urethane resin particles are resin particles synthesized
by reacting a polyisocyanate which is a compound having two or more
isocyanate groups with a polyol compound which is a compound having
two or more hydroxyl groups. In the present invention, any urethane
resin particles that are prepared by reacting a known
polyisocyanate compound with a known polyol compound can be used as
long as the requirements for the resin particles are satisfied.
[0052] Examples of the resin particles include resin particles
having a single layer structure and resin particles having a
multi-layered structure such as a core-shell structure, which are
classified in terms of structure. In the present invention, resin
particles having a multi-layered structure are preferably used. In
particular, resin particles having a core-shell structure are more
preferably used. When resin particles have a core-shell structure,
the core part and the shell part function in clearly different
ways. Resin particles having such a core-shell structure have an
advantage of capable of imparting more functions to an ink than
those having a single layer structure.
[0053] Aqueous Medium
[0054] The ink of the present invention can contain an aqueous
medium which is water or a mixed solvent of water and a
water-soluble organic solvent. The content of the water-soluble
organic solvent is preferably 3.0% by mass or more and 50.0% by
mass or less based on the total mass of the ink. As the
water-soluble organic solvent, any of the conventionally, generally
used water-soluble organic solvents can be used. Examples of the
water-soluble organic solvent include alcohols, glycols, alkylene
glycols having an alkylene group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms,
polyethylene glycols, nitrogen-containing compounds, and
sulfur-containing compounds. These water-soluble organic solvents
can be used singly or in combination of two or more of them, as
necessary. As the water, a deionized water (ion-exchanged water) is
preferably used. The content of the water is preferably 50.0% by
mass or more and 95.0% by mass or less based on the total mass of
the ink.
[0055] Other Components
[0056] The ink of the present invention can also contain
water-soluble organic compounds that are solid at normal
temperature, including polyhydric alcohols such as
trimethylolpropane and trimethylolethane and urea derivatives such
as urea and ethylene urea, as necessary, in addition to the
above-mentioned components. The ink and the liquid composition of
the present invention can further contain various additives such as
surfactants, pH adjusters, anticorrosives, antiseptic agents,
antifungal agents, antioxidants, reduction inhibitors, evaporation
accelerators, chelating agents, and resins, as necessary.
[0057] Liquid Composition
[0058] In the present invention, the liquid composition
destabilizes the dispersion state of the pigment or of the anionic
resin particles in the ink. Specifically, the liquid composition
preferably contains a reactant exhibiting such an action. The
liquid composition can further contain an aqueous medium and other
components. The application amount of the liquid composition is
preferably 0.1 g/m.sup.2 or more and 10.0 g/m.sup.2 or less.
[0059] In the present invention, the liquid composition is
preferably colorless, milky white, or white so as not to affect an
image recorded with the ink. On this account, the ratio of a
maximum absorbance to a minimum absorbance (maximum
absorbance/minimum absorbance) is preferably 1.0 or more and 2.0 or
less in a wavelength region of from 400 nm to 800 nm, which is the
wavelength region of visible light. This means that the liquid
composition has substantially no absorbance peak in the visible
light wavelength region, or that if the liquid composition has a
peak, the intensity of the peak is extremely small. In addition,
the liquid composition preferably contains no coloring material in
the present invention. The absorbance can be determined by using an
undiluted liquid composition with a Hitachi double beam
spectrophotometer, U-2900 (manufactured by Hitachi
High-Technologies Corporation). In the measurement, the liquid
composition can be diluted and subjected to absorbance measurement.
This is because both the maximum absorbance and the minimum
absorbance of a liquid composition are proportionate to a dilution
ratio and thus the ratio of the maximum absorbance to the minimum
absorbance (maximum absorbance/minimum absorbance) does not depend
on the dilution ratio.
[0060] The material usable in the liquid composition will next be
described.
[0061] Reactant
[0062] In the present invention, the liquid composition contains
such a reactant as to precipitate/aggregate components in the ink
(such as a coloring material and a resin). The reactant may be a
conventionally known compound. Specifically preferably used is at
least one substance selected from polyvalent metal ions and organic
acids. A plurality of types of reactants are also preferably
contained in the liquid composition.
[0063] Specific examples of the polyvalent metal ion include
divalent metal ions such as Ca.sup.2+, Cu.sup.2+, Ni.sup.2+,
Mg.sup.2+, Sr.sup.2+, Ba.sup.2+, and Zn.sup.2+; and trivalent metal
ions such as Fe.sup.3+, Cr.sup.3+, Y.sup.3+, and Al.sup.3+. In the
present invention, the polyvalent metal ion can be added in a salt
form such as hydroxides and chlorides, which are dissociated to
form ions to be utilized. In the present invention, the content of
the polyvalent metal ion is preferably 3% by mass or more and 90%
by mass or less based on the total mass of the liquid
composition.
[0064] Specific examples of the organic acid include oxalic acid,
polyacrylic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid,
glycolic acid, malonic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, ascorbic
acid, levulinic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, glutamic acid,
fumaric acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid,
pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid, pyronecarboxylic acid,
pyrrolecarboxylic acid, furancarboxylic acid, pyridinecarboxylic
acid, coumaric acid, thiophenecarboxylic acid, nicotinic acid,
oxysuccinic acid, and dioxysuccinic acid. In the present invention,
the content of the organic acid is preferably 3% by mass or more
and 99% by mass or less based on the total mass of the liquid
composition.
[0065] Aqueous Medium
[0066] The liquid composition of the present invention can contain
an aqueous medium which is water or a mixed solvent of water and a
water-soluble organic solvent. The content of the water-soluble
organic solvent is preferably 3.0% by mass or more and 50.0% by
mass or less based on the total mass of the liquid composition. As
the water-soluble organic solvent, any of the conventionally,
generally used water-soluble organic solvents can be used. Examples
of the water-soluble organic solvent include alcohols, glycols,
alkylene glycols having an alkylene group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms,
polyethylene glycols, nitrogen-containing compounds, and
sulfur-containing compounds. These water-soluble organic solvents
can be used singly or in combination of two or more of them, as
necessary. As the water, a deionized water (ion-exchanged water) is
preferably used. The content of the water is preferably 50.0% by
mass or more and 95.0% by mass or less based on the total mass of
the liquid composition.
[0067] Other Components
[0068] The liquid composition can also contain water-soluble
organic compounds that are solid at normal temperature, including
polyhydric alcohols such as trimethylolpropane and
trimethylolethane and urea derivatives such as urea and ethylene
urea, as necessary, in addition to the above-mentioned components.
The ink and the liquid composition of the present invention can
further contain various additives such as surfactants, pH
adjusters, anticorrosives, antiseptic agents, antifungal agents,
antioxidants, reduction inhibitors, evaporation accelerators,
chelating agents, and resins, as necessary.
[0069] In particular, the liquid composition preferably contains
resin particles such as acrylic resin particles, urethane resin
particles, and polyolefin resin particles; inorganic particles such
as silica particles, titania particles, alumina particles, and
zirconia particles; and a silicone oil and a fluorine oil, for
example, in order to impart strength and slidability to a resulting
image to improve the anti-scratching properties. The content of
such a material is preferably 1% by mass or more and 30% by mass or
less based on the total mass of the liquid composition.
[0070] Image Recording Method
[0071] In the present invention, the ink and the liquid composition
described above are used to record an image. The image recording
method of the present invention is exemplified by "direct drawing
type image recording method" in which an ink and a liquid
composition are directly applied to a recording medium to record an
image and "intermediate transfer type image recording method" in
which an ink and a liquid composition are applied to an
intermediate transfer member as a recording medium to form an
intermediate image and then the intermediate image is transferred
to a recording medium such as paper to form an image. The
respective image recording methods will next be described.
[0072] [1] Direct Drawing Type Image Recording Method
[0073] The direct drawing type image recording method includes an
ink application step (A) of applying an ink to a recording medium
and a liquid composition application step (B) of applying a liquid
composition to the recording medium so as to at least partly
overlap with an area where the ink is applied. The method may
further includes a fixing step of pressurizing the recording medium
on which an image has been recorded in the steps (A) and (B) with a
roller.
[0074] In the present invention, after the step (A), the step (B)
can be performed, or after the step (B), the step (A) can be
performed. When the same step is performed twice or more, for
example, the method can be carried out in the order of the step
(A), the step (B), and the step (A) or can be carried out in the
order of the step (B), the step (A), and the step (B). In
particular, a method including a process in which the step (B) is
performed and then the step (A) is performed produces a larger
effect of improving image quality and thus is more preferred.
[0075] Ink Application Step
[0076] The means of applying the ink to the recording medium is
preferably an ink jet recording method including a step of ejecting
an ink from an ink jet recording head in response to recording
signals to conduct recording on a recording medium. Particularly
preferred is an ink jet recording method in which thermal energy is
applied to an ink and the ink is ejected from an ejection orifice
of a recording head.
[0077] Liquid Composition Application Step
[0078] The means of applying the liquid composition to the
recording medium is exemplified by an ink jet system and a coating
system. The coating system is exemplified by roller coating, bar
coating, and spray coating.
[0079] Fixing Step
[0080] In the fixing step, pressurization can improve smoothness of
an image. In this step, a roller is preferably heated when a
recording medium is pressurized with the roller. Pressurization
with a heated roller can improve toughness of an image. In
addition, by controlling the heating temperature, the glossiness of
a resulting image can be adjusted.
[0081] Recording Medium
[0082] In the direct drawing type image recording method, the
recording medium includes papers commonly used for printing and
also widely encompasses fabrics, plastics, films, and similar
materials. The recording medium used in the image recording method
of the present invention may be a recording medium cut into a
desired size in advance. The recording medium may also be a rolled
sheet, which is cut into a desired size after image recording.
[0083] [2] Intermediate Transfer Type Image Recording Method
[0084] In the intermediate transfer type image recording method,
"intermediate transfer member" corresponds to "recording medium".
Accordingly, a recording medium such as paper onto which an
intermediate image is finally transferred is regarded as "transfer
medium" in the following description.
[0085] FIG. 1s a schematic view showing an example of the
intermediate transfer type image recording method. In FIGURE, an
intermediate transfer member 10 includes a rotatable drum-shaped
support member 12 and a surface layer member 11 provided on the
outer peripheral surface of the support member 12. The intermediate
transfer member 10 (support member 12) is rotationally driven in
the arrow direction (in the counterclockwise direction shown in the
FIGURE) around a rotating shaft 13 as the center. Each member
arranged around the intermediate transfer member 10 is configured
to work in such a way as to be synchronized with the rotation of
the intermediate transfer member 10. A liquid composition is
applied to the intermediate transfer member 10 with a coating
roller 14, for example. An ink is applied from ink jet recording
heads 15, and the mirror-inverted intermediate image of an intended
image is formed on the intermediate transfer member 10. Next, the
temperature of the intermediate image formed on the intermediate
transfer member 10 may be controlled to a desired temperature by a
temperature control mechanism 17. At this time, the liquid in the
intermediate image formed on the intermediate transfer member 10
may be removed by a liquid removal mechanism 16. Next, a pressure
roller 19 is used to bring a transfer medium 18 into contact with
the intermediate transfer member 10, and thus the intermediate
image is transferred to the transfer medium 18. For a step of
washing the surface of the intermediate transfer member 10, a
cleaning unit 20 may be provided. The intermediate transfer member
and each step will next be described.
[0086] Intermediate Transfer Member
[0087] The intermediate transfer member is a recording medium which
holds a liquid composition and an ink, and on the intermediate
transfer member, an intermediate image is recorded. The
intermediate transfer member is exemplified by a member including a
support member which is handled in order to transmit a required
force and including a surface layer member on which an intermediate
image is recorded. The support member and the surface layer member
may be integrated.
[0088] The shape of the intermediate transfer member is exemplified
by a sheet shape, a roller shape, a drum shape, a belt shape, and
an endless web shape. The size of the intermediate transfer member
may be appropriately designed in accordance with the size of a
recordable transfer medium.
[0089] The support member of the intermediate transfer member is
required to have a certain strength from the viewpoint of the
transfer accuracy and the durability thereof. The material for the
support member is preferably metals, ceramics, and resins, for
example. Specifically preferred are aluminum, iron, stainless
steel, acetal resins, epoxy resins, polyimide, polyethylene,
polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polyurethane, silica ceramics,
and alumina ceramics. A support member formed of such a material
can achieve rigidity capable of withstanding the pressure during
transfer and dimensional accuracy and can reduce the inertia during
operation to improve the control responsivity. These materials can
be used singly or in combination of two or more of them.
[0090] An intermediate image is transferred from the intermediate
transfer member to a transfer medium such as paper, and thus the
surface layer of the intermediate transfer member is required to
have a certain elasticity. For example, when the case of using
paper as the transfer medium is supposed, the surface layer of the
intermediate transfer member preferably has a durometer A hardness
(durometer type A hardness) of 10 degree or more and 100 degree or
less and more preferably 20 degree or more and 60 degree or less,
which are determined in accordance with JIS K6253. The material for
the surface layer member constituting the surface layer of the
intermediate transfer member is preferably metals, ceramics, and
resins, for example. Specifically preferred are polybutadiene
rubbers, nitrile rubbers, chloroprene rubbers, silicone rubbers,
fluororubbers, fluorosilicone rubbers, urethane rubbers, styrenic
elastomers, olefinic elastomers, polyvinyl chloride elastomers,
ester elastomers, amide elastomers, polyether, polyester,
polystyrene, polycarbonate, siloxane compounds, and perfluorocarbon
compounds. The surface layer member may be formed by laminating a
plurality of materials. Examples of such a member include a
material prepared by laminating a silicone rubber on an
endless-belt urethane rubber sheet, a material prepared by
laminating a silicone rubber on a polyethylene terephthalate film,
and a material prepared by forming a siloxane compound film on a
urethane rubber sheet.
[0091] The surface of the intermediate transfer member may be
subjected to a surface treatment. The surface treatment is
exemplified by flame treatment, corona treatment, plasma treatment,
polishing treatment, roughening treatment, active energy ray
irradiation treatment, ozone treatment, surfactant treatment, and
silane coupling treatment. These treatments may be carried out in
combination.
[0092] In order to prevent flowing of the intermediate image on the
intermediate transfer member, the surface of the intermediate
transfer member preferably has an arithmetic average roughness of
0.01 .mu.m or more and 3 .mu.m or less, which is determined in
accordance with JIS B 0601:2001. The surface of the intermediate
transfer member preferably has a water contact angle of 50 degree
or more and 110 degree or less and more preferably 60 degree or
more and 100 degree or less.
[0093] Ink Application Step
[0094] In the ink application step, an ink is applied to the
intermediate transfer member. As the means of applying the ink to
the intermediate transfer member, an ink jet system is preferably
used. Particularly preferred is a system in which thermal energy is
applied to an ink and the ink is ejected from an ejection orifice
of a recording head.
[0095] As the ink jet recording head, a line head or a serial head
can be used, for example. On the ink jet head of the line head
system, ink ejection orifices are arranged in a direction
orthogonal to the rotation direction of the intermediate transfer
member (in the axis direction in the case of a drum type). The
serial head is a head that is scanned in a direction orthogonal to
the rotation direction of the intermediate transfer member for
performing recording.
[0096] Liquid Composition Application Step
[0097] In the liquid composition application step, a liquid
composition is applied to the intermediate transfer member. The
means of applying the liquid composition to the intermediate
transfer member is exemplified by coating systems such as a roller
coating system, bar coating system, spray coating system and ink
jet system. The coating system is particularly preferably used. In
the intermediate transfer type image recording method, the liquid
composition application step is preferably provided prior to the
ink application step.
[0098] Liquid Removal Step
[0099] After the formation of an intermediate image by the
application of the ink and the liquid composition and prior to the
transfer step, a liquid removal step of removing the liquid from
the intermediate image formed on the intermediate transfer member
may be provided. If the intermediate image contains excess liquid,
the excess liquid overflows, for example, in the transfer step to
deteriorate the image quality of a resulting image in some cases.
To address this, excess liquid is preferably removed from the
intermediate image in the liquid removal step. The method of
removing a liquid is exemplified by heating, blowing of low
humidity air, decompressing, natural drying, and combination
methods thereof.
[0100] Transfer Step
[0101] In the transfer step, by bringing a transfer medium into
contact with the intermediate image recorded on the intermediate
transfer member, the image is transferred from the intermediate
transfer member to the transfer medium and is recorded on the
transfer medium. When an intermediate image is transferred to the
transfer medium, for example, a pressure roller is preferably used
to pressurize the intermediate image from both sides of the
intermediate transfer member and the transfer medium. The
pressurization can improve the transfer efficiency. At this time,
the pressurization can be performed in multiple steps.
[0102] As mentioned above, as high speed recording is increasingly
demanded, high transfer efficiency is required to be achieved even
at high transfer speeds. To satisfy such a requirement, the
transfer speed, which means the conveying speed of the transfer
medium in the present invention, is preferably 1.0 m/sec or more
and more preferably 2.0 m/sec or more.
[0103] During the transfer, the intermediate image is preferably
heated. The method of heating the intermediate image is exemplified
by a method of heating the pressure roller at a predetermined
transfer temperature and a method of providing a heater separately.
The heating temperature of the pressure roller in the transfer step
is preferably set according to resin particles used and is more
preferably 25.degree. C. or more and 200.degree. C. or less.
[0104] The temperature when the intermediate image comes in contact
with the recording medium is preferably not lower than the glass
transition point of anionic resin particles, and the temperature
when the intermediate image is released from the intermediate
transfer member is preferably lower than the glass transition point
of the anionic resin particles. When the temperature of the
intermediate image in contact is not lower than the glass
transition point of anionic resin particles, the flowability of the
anionic resin particles increases to improve the adhesion between
the recording medium and the intermediate image. When the
temperature of the intermediate image is lower than the glass
transition point of the anionic resin particles during the
subsequent releasing, the anionic resin particles become in a glass
state, and thus the interface between the intermediate image and
the recording medium is unlikely to be separated. As a result, the
transfer efficiency to the recording medium can be further
improved. The temperature when the intermediate image comes in
contact with the recording medium is the temperature of the
intermediate image at the time when at least a part of the
intermediate image comes in contact with the recording medium. The
temperature when the intermediate image is released from the
intermediate transfer member is the temperature of the intermediate
image at the time when the entire intermediate image is transferred
to the recording medium. The temperature of the intermediate image
layer is a value determined by using an infrared radiation
thermometer.
[0105] The difference between the temperature when the intermediate
image comes in contact with the recording medium and the glass
transition point of the anionic resin particles is preferably
0.degree. C. or more and 35.degree. C. or less and more preferably
10.degree. C. or more and 35.degree. C. or less. The difference
between the temperature when the intermediate image is released
from the intermediate transfer member and the glass transition
point of the anionic resin particles is preferably 1.degree. C. or
more and 60.degree. C. or less.
[0106] The temperature when the intermediate image comes in contact
with the recording medium is preferably 50.degree. C. or more and
140.degree. C. or less. The temperature when the intermediate image
is released from the intermediate transfer member is preferably
25.degree. C. or more and 70.degree. C. or less.
[0107] Transfer Medium
[0108] In the present invention, the transfer medium includes
papers commonly used for printing and also widely encompasses
fabrics, plastics, films, and similar materials. The transfer
medium may be a transfer medium cut into a desired size in advance.
The transfer medium may also be a rolled sheet, which is cut into a
desired size after image recording.
[0109] Fixing Step
[0110] After the transfer step, a fixing step of pressurizing the
transfer medium on which an intermediate image has been transferred
with a roller may be provided. The pressurization can improve
smoothness of an image.
[0111] When the transfer medium on which an image has been
transferred is pressurized with a roller, the roller is preferably
heated. Pressurization with a heated roller can improve toughness
of an image. In addition, by controlling the heating temperature,
the glossiness of a resulting image can be adjusted.
[0112] Cleaning Step
[0113] After the transfer step, a cleaning step of cleaning the
surface of the intermediate transfer member may be provided. As the
method of cleaning the intermediate transfer member, any
conventional methods can be used. Specific examples of the method
include a method of applying a shower of a cleaning solution to the
intermediate transfer member, a method of bringing a wet molton
roller into contact with the intermediate transfer member and
wiping the intermediate transfer member, a method of bringing the
intermediate transfer member into contact with the surface of a
cleaning solution, a method of wiping a residue on the intermediate
transfer member with a wiper blade, a method of applying various
energies to the intermediate transfer member, and combination
methods thereof.
EXAMPLES
[0114] The present invention will next be described in further
detail with reference to examples and comparative examples. The
present invention is not intended to be limited to the following
examples unless going beyond the scope of the invention. In the
following description in examples, "part" is based on mass unless
otherwise noted.
[0115] Preparation of Ink
[0116] Preparation of Pigment Dispersion
[0117] Preparation of Black Pigment Dispersion
[0118] First, 10 parts of carbon black (product name: Monarch 1100,
manufactured by Cabot Co.), 15 parts of aqueous resin solution (a
styrene-ethyl acrylate-acrylic acid copolymer with an acid value of
150 and a weight average molecular weight of 8,000, the solution
was prepared by neutralization of 20.0% by mass of aqueous resin
solution with an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution), and 75
parts of pure water were mixed. The mixture was placed in a batch
type vertical sand mill (manufactured by Aimex Co.), and 200 parts
of 0.3-mm zirconia beads were placed. The mixture was subjected to
dispersion treatment for 5 hours while being cooled with water. The
dispersion liquid was centrifuged to remove coarse particles,
giving a black pigment dispersion having a pigment content of 10.0%
by mass.
[0119] Preparation of Cyan Pigment Dispersion
[0120] A cyan pigment dispersion having a pigment content of 10.0%
by mass was prepared in the same manner as in the above
(preparation of black pigment dispersion) except that C.I. Pigment
Blue 15:3 was used in place of the carbon black.
[0121] Preparation of Magenta Pigment Dispersion
[0122] A magenta pigment dispersion having a pigment content of
10.0% by mass was prepared in the same manner as in the above
(preparation of black pigment dispersion) except that C.I. Pigment
Red 122 was used in place of the carbon black.
[0123] Preparation of Resin Particle Dispersion
[0124] Preparation of Resin Particle Dispersion 1
[0125] First, 20 parts of ethyl methacrylate, 3 parts of
2,2'-azobis-(2-methylbutyronitrile), and 2 parts of n-hexadecane
were mixed, and the mixture was stirred for 0.5 hour. The mixture
was added dropwise to 75 parts of an 8% aqueous solution of a
styrene-butyl acrylate-acrylic acid copolymer (acid value: 130 mg
KOH/g, weight average molecular weight: 7,000), and the whole was
stirred for 0.5 hour. Next, the mixture was sonicated with a
sonicator for 3 hours. Subsequently, the mixture was polymerized
under a nitrogen atmosphere at 80.degree. C. for 4 hours. The
reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and then filtered,
giving a resin particle dispersion 1 having a resin content of
25.0% by mass.
[0126] Preparation of Resin Particle Dispersion 2
[0127] To a mixed solution of 51.9 parts of ion-exchanged water and
0.1 part of potassium persulfate, an emulsion prepared by mixing
35.0 parts of methyl methacrylate, 10.0 parts of methacrylic acid,
and 3.0 parts of Nikkol BC15 (manufactured by Nikko Chemicals Co.)
was added dropwise over 3 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere at
80.degree. C. with stirring and the polymerization reaction was
carried out. The reaction mixture was then cooled to room
temperature, and ion-exchanged water and an aqueous potassium
hydroxide solution were added thereto, giving a resin particle
dispersion 2 having a resin content of 30.0% by mass.
[0128] Preparation of Polyhydric Alcohol Compound
[0129] The compounds shown in Table 1 were prepared.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Structures of polyhydric alcohol compounds
Original Structure polyhydric Type of Number Compound alcohol
General of Rs per No. compound Formula m R N molecule Compound 1
Sorbitol General 4 Ethyleneoxy group 2.0 12 Compound 2 Formula A
Ethyleneoxy group 6.0 36 Compound 3 Ethyleneoxy group 10.0 60
Compound 4 Ethyleneoxy group 13.3 80 Compound 5 Ethyleneoxy group
20.0 120 Compound 6 Ethyleneoxy group 40.0 240 Compound 7
Ethyleneoxy group 66.7 400 Compound 8 Ethyleneoxy group: 10.0 60
Propyleneoxy group = 1:1 Compound 9 Ethyleneoxy group: 20.0 120
Propyleneoxy group = 1:1 Compound 10 Ethyleneoxy group: 23.3 140
Propyleneoxy group = 4:3 Compound 11 Ethyleneoxy group: 40.0 240
Propyleneoxy group = 1:1 Compound 12 Xylitol 3 Ethyleneoxy group
16.0 80 Compound 13 Erythritol 2 Ethyleneoxy group 15.0 60 Compound
14 Mannitol 4 Ethyleneoxy group 13.3 80 Compound 15
Dipentaerythritol General -- Ethyleneoxy group 13.3 80 Formula B
Compound 16 Glycerol General 1 Ethyleneoxy group: 16.0 48 Formula C
Propyleneoxy group = 1:1 Compound 17 Diglycerol 2 Ethyleneoxy group
5.0 20 Compound 18 Diglycerol Ethyleneoxy group 10.0 40 Compound 19
Diglycerol Ethyleneoxy group 15.0 60 Compound 20 Polyglycerol 4
Ethyleneoxy group 10.0 60 (tetramer of glycerol) Compound 21
Polyglycerol Ethyleneoxy group 13.3 80 (tetramer of glycerol)
Compound 22 Polyglycerol Ethyleneoxy group 20.0 120 (tetramer of
glycerol) Compound 23 Polyglycerol 6 Ethyleneoxy group 5.0 40
(hexamer of glycerol) Compound 24 Polyglycerol Ethyleneoxy group
10.0 80 (hexamer of glycerol) Compound 25 Polyglycerol Ethyleneoxy
group 15.0 120 (hexamer of glycerol) Compound 26 Polyglycerol 10
Ethyleneoxy group 5.0 60 (decamer of glycerol) Compound 27
Trimethylolethane General -- Ethyleneoxy group 4.0 12 Formula D
Compound 28 Sorbitol General 4 Ethyleneoxy group 1.0 6 Compound 29
Formula A Ethyleneoxy group 1.7 10 Compound 30 Ethyleneoxy group
75.0 450 Compound 31 Propyleneoxy group 4.2 25 Compound 32
Polyglycerol General 4 -- 0 0 (tetramer of glycerol) Formula C
Compound 33 Glycerol 1 Propyleneoxy group 1.0 3 Compound 34
Glycerol Propyleneoxy group 1.7 5 Compound 35 Glycerol Ethyleneoxy
group 5.0 15 Compound 36 Diglycerol 2 Ethyleneoxy group 2.5 10
Compound 37 Polyglycerol 12 Ethyleneoxy group 5.7 80 (dodecamer of
glycerol)
[0130] In Table 1, "ethyleneoxy group:propyleneoxy group=1:1, 4:3"
means that the molar ratio of the ethyleneoxy group and the
propyleneoxy group contained in R is 1:1, 4:3. In Table 1, General
Formulae A to D of the polyhydric alcohol compounds are as shown
below.
##STR00002##
[0131] Preparation of Ink
[0132] Preparation of Black Ink
[0133] The resin particle dispersion and the pigment dispersion
obtained in the above were mixed with the components shown below.
The remainder of ion-exchanged water is such an amount that the
total amount of all the components constituting the ink becomes
100.0% by mass. [0134] Pigment dispersion (coloring material
content: 10.0% by mass) 40.0% by mass [0135] Resin particle
dispersion A % by mass in Table 2 [0136] Glycerol 7.0% by mass
[0137] Polyethylene glycol (number average molecular weight: 1,000)
3.0% by mass [0138] Polyhydric alcohol compound B % by mass in
Table 2 [0139] Surfactant: Acetylenol E100 (manufactured by Kawaken
Fine Chemicals Co.) 0.5% by mass [0140] Ion-exchanged water
remainder
[0141] The mixture was thoroughly stirred and dispersed and then
subjected to pressure filtration through a microfilter with a pore
size of 3.0 .mu.m (manufactured by Fujifilm Co.), giving each black
ink.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Preparation conditions of black inks Resin
particle dispersion Polyhydric alcohol compound Content A Content B
Black ink (% by (% by No. Type mass) Type mass) Black ink 1 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 1 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 2 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 2 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 3 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 3 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 4 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 4 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 5 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 5 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 6 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 6 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 7 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 7 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 8 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 8 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 9 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 9 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 10 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 10 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 11 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 11 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 12 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 12 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 13 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 13 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 14 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 14 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 15 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 15 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 16 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 16 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 17 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 17 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 18 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 18 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 19 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 19 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 20 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 20 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 21 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 21 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 22 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 22 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 23 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 23 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 24 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 24 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 25 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 25 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 26 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 26 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 27 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 27 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 28 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 4 0.2 dispersion 1 Black ink 29 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 4 0.6 dispersion 1 Black ink 30 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 4 3.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 31 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 4 5.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 32 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 4 10.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 33 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 4 20.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 34 Resin
particle 4.0 Compound 4 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 35 Resin
particle 12.0 Compound 4 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 36 Resin
particle 40.0 Compound 4 3.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 37 Resin
particle 20.0 -- 0 dispersion 1 Black ink 38 Resin particle 4.0 --
0 dispersion 1 Black ink 39 Resin particle 12.0 -- 0 dispersion 1
Black ink 40 Resin particle 40.0 -- 0 dispersion 1 Black ink 41
Resin particle 16.5 Compound 4 1.0 dispersion 2 Black ink 42 -- 0
Compound 4 1.0 Black ink 43 Resin particle 2.0 Compound 4 1.0
dispersion 1 Black ink 44 Resin particle 20.0 -- 0 dispersion 1
Black ink 45 Resin particle 2.0 -- 0 dispersion 1 Black ink 46
Resin particle 20.0 Compound 28 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 47 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 29 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 48 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 30 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 49 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 31 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 50 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 32 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 51 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 33 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 52 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 34 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 53 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 35 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 54 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 36 1.0 dispersion 1 Black ink 55 Resin
particle 20.0 Compound 37 1.0 dispersion 1
[0142] Preparation of Cyan Ink and Magenta Ink
[0143] Each of cyan inks 1 to 55 and magenta inks 1 to 55 was
prepared in the same manner as in the above (preparation of black
ink) except that the cyan pigment dispersion or the magenta pigment
dispersion was used in place of the black pigment dispersion.
[0144] Preparation of Liquid Composition
[0145] The components shown in Table 3 were mixed, and the mixture
was thoroughly stirred and subjected to dispersion treatment. The
mixture was then subjected to pressure filtration through a
microfilter with a pore size of 3.0 .mu.m (manufactured by Fujifilm
Co.), giving each liquid composition. In the table, "AE100" is
Acetylenol E100 (manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemicals Co.), which
is a nonionic surfactant prepared by addition reaction of ethylene
oxide to acetylene glycol, and "F444" is MEGAFACE F 444
(manufactured by DIC Co.), which is a perfluoroalkyl ethylene oxide
adduct.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Preparation conditions of liquid
compositions Reactant Polyhydric alcohol compound KOH Surfactant
Water Liquid Content Content Content Content Content composition (%
by (% by (% by (% by (% by No. Type mass) Type mass) mass) Type
mass) mass) Liquid composition 1 Glutaric acid 21.0 -- 0.0 3.0
AE100 1.0 75.0 Liquid composition 2 Levulinic acid 42.0 -- 0.0 3.0
AE100 1.0 54.0 Liquid composition 3 Malonic acid 21.0 -- 0.0 3.0
AE100 1.0 75.0 Liquid composition 4 Citric acid 21.0 -- 0.0 3.0
AE100 1.0 75.0 Liquid composition 5 CaCl.sub.2 21.0 -- 0.0 0.0
AE100 1.0 78.0 Liquid composition 6 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 1
40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 7 Glutaric acid 21.0
Compound 2 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 8 Glutaric
acid 21.0 Compound 3 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 9
Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 4 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid
composition 10 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 5 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0
35.0 Liquid composition 11 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 6 40.0 3.0
AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 12 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 7
40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 13 Glutaric acid 21.0
Compound 8 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 14 Glutaric
acid 21.0 Compound 9 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 15
Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 10 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid
composition 16 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 11 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0
35.0 Liquid composition 17 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 12 40.0 3.0
AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 18 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 13
40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 19 Glutaric acid 21.0
Compound 14 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 20 Glutaric
acid 21.0 Compound 15 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 21
Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 16 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid
composition 22 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 17 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0
35.0 Liquid composition 23 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 18 40.0 3.0
AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 24 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 19
40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 25 Glutaric acid 21.0
Compound 20 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 26 Glutaric
acid 21.0 Compound 21 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 27
Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 22 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid
composition 28 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 23 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0
35.0 Liquid composition 29 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 24 40.0 3.0
AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 30 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 25
40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 31 Glutaric acid 21.0
Compound 26 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 32 Glutaric
acid 21.0 Compound 27 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 33
Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 4 5.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 70.0 Liquid
composition 34 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 4 6.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 69.0
Liquid composition 35 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 4 10.0 3.0 AE100
1.0 65.0 Liquid composition 36 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 4 20.0
3.0 AE100 1.0 55.0 Liquid composition 37 Glutaric acid 21.0
Compound 4 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 38 Glutaric
acid 21.0 Compound 4 70.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 5.0 Liquid composition 39
Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 4 75.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 0 Liquid
composition 40 Glutaric acid 21.0 -- 0.0 3.0 F444 5.0 71.0 Liquid
composition 41 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 4 3.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 72.0
Liquid composition 42 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 28 40.0 3.0 AE100
1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 43 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 29 40.0
3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 44 Glutaric acid 21.0
Compound 30 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 45 Glutaric
acid 21.0 Compound 31 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 46
Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 32 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid
composition 47 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 33 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0
35.0 Liquid composition 48 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 34 40.0 3.0
AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 49 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 35
40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 50 Glutaric acid 21.0
Compound 36 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 51 Glutaric
acid 21.0 Compound 37 40.0 3.0 AE100 1.0 35.0 Liquid composition 52
Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 1 40.0 3.0 F444 5.0 31.0 Liquid
composition 53 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 2 40.0 3.0 F444 5.0 31.0
Liquid composition 54 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 3 40.0 3.0 F444
5.0 31.0 Liquid composition 55 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 4 40.0
3.0 F444 5.0 31.0 Liquid composition 56 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound
8 40.0 3.0 F444 5.0 31.0 Liquid composition 57 Glutaric acid 21.0
Compound 9 40.0 3.0 F444 5.0 31.0 Liquid composition 58 Glutaric
acid 21.0 Compound 10 40.0 3.0 F444 5.0 31.0 Liquid composition 59
Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 11 40.0 3.0 F444 5.0 31.0 Liquid
composition 60 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 21 40.0 3.0 F444 5.0
31.0 Liquid composition 61 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 22 40.0 3.0
F444 5.0 31.0 Liquid composition 62 Glutaric acid 21.0 Compound 23
40.0 3.0 F444 5.0 31.0 Liquid composition 63 Glutaric acid 21.0
Compound 24 40.0 3.0 F444 5.0 31.0
[0146] Preparation of Clear Ink
[0147] Preparation of Clear Ink 1
[0148] The resin particle dispersion 1 obtained in the above was
mixed with the components shown below. [0149] Resin particle
dispersion 1 20.0% by mass [0150] Glycerol 7.0% by mass [0151]
Polyethylene glycol (number average molecular weight: 1,000) 3.0%
by mass [0152] Compound 4 1.0% by mass [0153] Acetylenol E100
(manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemicals Co.) 0.5% by mass [0154]
Ion-exchanged water 68.5% by mass
[0155] The mixture was thoroughly stirred and subjected to
dispersion treatment and then subjected to pressure filtration
through a microfilter with a pore size of 3.0 .mu.m (manufactured
by Fujifilm Co.), giving a clear ink 1.
[0156] Preparation of Clear Ink 2
[0157] The resin particle dispersion 1 obtained in the above was
mixed with the components shown below. [0158] Resin particle
dispersion 1 20.0% by mass [0159] Water-soluble resin (a
styrene-butyl acrylate-acrylic acid copolymer (acid value: 132 mg
KOH/g, weight average molecular weight: 7,700, glass transition
point: 78.degree. C., solid content: 15% by mass)) 8.0% by mass
[0160] Glycerol 7.0% by mass [0161] Polyethylene glycol (number
average molecular weight: 1,000) 3.0% by mass [0162] Compound 9
1.5% by mass [0163] Acetylenol E100 (manufactured by Kawaken Fine
Chemicals Co.) 0.5% by mass [0164] Ion-exchanged water 60.5% by
mass
[0165] The mixture was thoroughly stirred and subjected to
dispersion treatment and then subjected to pressure filtration
through a microfilter with a pore size of 3.0 .mu.m (manufactured
by Fujifilm Co.), giving a clear ink 2.
[0166] Evaluation
[0167] Images were recorded by the procedure described later, and
the occurrence of image shift and the variation in dot diameter
were observed to evaluate the image quality of the images. In the
present invention, an image having at least one rank C in the
following evaluation had low image quality and was regarded as an
unacceptable level. With the image recorder used in the examples,
the condition in which 3.0 nanograms (ng) of an ink drop is applied
to a unit area of 1/1,200 inch.times.1/1,200 inch at a resolution
of 1,200 dpi.times.1,200 dpi is defined as a recording duty of
100%.
[0168] [1] Examples 1 to 80, Comparative Examples 1 to 24 (Direct
Drawing Type Image Recording Method)
[0169] The liquid compositions and the inks obtained in the above
were filled in ink cartridges, and the cartridges were combined as
shown in Tables 4 and 5 and installed in a direct drawing type
image recorder.
[0170] Variation in Dot Diameter
[0171] By using the image recorder, the liquid composition obtained
in the above was first applied to a recording medium: Pearl Coat
(manufactured by Mitsubishi Paper Mills Co.) at a coating amount of
1.0 g/m.sup.2 with a coating roller. To the recording medium coated
with the liquid composition, the cyan ink was then ejected from an
ink jet recording head to record an image (solid image of 5
cm.times.5 cm) with a recording duty of 100%. To the area having
the solid image recorded with the cyan ink and to the area without
the solid image, the black ink was further applied. Then, the dot
diameter d.sub.1 of the black ink in the area having the solid
image recorded with the cyan ink and the dot diameter d.sub.2 of
the black ink in the area without the solid image were determined,
and the dot diameter ratio (=100.times.|d.sub.1-d.sub.2|/d.sub.1)
was calculated and evaluated on the basis of the criteria shown
below. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
[0172] AA: The dot diameter ratio was less than 5.
[0173] A: The dot diameter ratio was not less than 5 and less than
10.
[0174] B: The dot diameter ratio was not less than 10 and less than
20.
[0175] C: The dot diameter ratio was not less than 20 and less than
40.
[0176] D: The dot diameter ratio was not less than 40.
[0177] Occurrence of Image Shift
[0178] By using the image recorder, the liquid composition obtained
in the above was first applied to a recording medium: Pearl Coat
(manufactured by Mitsubishi Paper Mills Co.) at a coating amount of
1.0 g/m.sup.2 with a coating roller. To the recording medium coated
with the liquid composition, the black ink, the cyan ink, and the
magenta ink were ejected from an ink jet recording head to record
an image (solid image of 5 cm.times.5 cm) with a recording duty of
300% (recording duty of each ink: 100%). The obtained image was
observed under a microscope to determine the occurrence of color
skip. If image shift occurs, color skip occurs in a solid image.
The evaluation criteria are as shown below. The evaluation results
are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
[0179] A: No color skip occurred.
[0180] B: Color skip occurred partly but was able to be
ignored.
[0181] C: Color skip occurred markedly.
[0182] [2] Examples 81 to 102, Comparative Examples 25 to
31(Intermediate Transfer Type Image Recording Method)
[0183] First, an intermediate transfer member was prepared by the
following procedure. The intermediate transfer member had a
two-layer structure composed of a support member and a surface
layer member. As the support member of the intermediate transfer
member, a flat plate made of aluminum alloy was used for this
structure in consideration of required characteristics such as the
rigidity capable of withstanding the pressure during transfer and
dimensional accuracy. As the surface layer member of the
intermediate transfer member, a siloxane compound surface layer was
formed from a hydrolyzable organic silicon compound as the raw
material by the following procedure. Glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane
and methyltriethoxysilane were mixed at a molar ratio of 1:1. To
the mixture, hydrochloric acid was added as a catalyst, and the
resulting mixture in an aqueous solvent was heated and refluxed for
24 hours or more, giving a hydrolyzable condensate solution. The
hydrolyzable condensate solution was diluted with methyl isobutyl
ketone to 10 to 20% by mass, and a photocationic polymerization
initiator, SP150 (manufactured by ADEKA Co.) was added at 5% by
mass relative to the solid content, giving an intended coating
solution. Next, the coating solution with the above formulation was
used to form a film on the support member by spin coating. As a
pretreatment of the support member, the surface was subjected to
plasma treatment to improve the coating properties and the adhesion
to the surface layer. Next, a UV lamp was used to irradiate the
film, and the film was heated at 130.degree. C. for 3 hours, giving
a cured product. At this time, the surface layer of the cured
product had a film thickness of about 0.3 .mu.m.
[0184] The liquid compositions and the inks obtained in the above
were filled in ink cartridges, and the cartridges were combined as
shown in Tables 4 and 5 and installed in an intermediate transfer
type image recorder (FIGURE) equipped with the intermediate
transfer member obtained in the above.
[0185] Variation in Dot Diameter
[0186] By using the image recorder, the liquid composition obtained
in the above was first applied to the intermediate transfer member
at a coating amount of 1.0 g/m.sup.2 with a coating roller. To the
recording medium coated with the liquid composition, the cyan ink
was then ejected from an ink jet recording head to record an image
(solid image of 5 cm.times.5 cm) with a recording duty of 100%. To
the area having the solid image recorded with the cyan ink and to
the area without the solid image, the black ink was further
applied. Then, the dot diameter d.sub.1 of the black ink in the
area having the solid image recorded with the cyan ink and the dot
diameter d.sub.2 of the black ink in the area without the solid
image were determined, and the dot diameter ratio
(=100.times.|d.sub.1-d.sub.2|/d.sub.1) was calculated and evaluated
on the basis of the criteria shown below. The evaluation results
are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
[0187] AA: The dot diameter ratio was less than 5.
[0188] A: The dot diameter ratio was not less than 5 and less than
10.
[0189] B: The dot diameter ratio was not less than 10 and less than
20.
[0190] C: The dot diameter ratio was not less than 20 and less than
40.
[0191] D: The dot diameter ratio was not less than 40.
[0192] Occurrence of Image Shift
[0193] By using the image recorder, the liquid composition obtained
in the above was first applied to the intermediate transfer member
at a coating amount of 1.0 g/m.sup.2 with a coating roller. To the
recording medium coated with the liquid composition, the black ink,
the cyan ink, and the magenta ink were ejected from an ink jet
recording head to record an image (solid image of 5 cm.times.5 cm)
with a recording duty of 300% (recording duty of each ink: 100%).
The obtained image was observed under a microscope to determine the
occurrence of color skip. If image shift occurs, color skip occurs
in a solid image. The evaluation criteria are as shown below. The
evaluation results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.
[0194] A: No color skip occurred.
[0195] B: Color skip occurred partly but was able to be
ignored.
[0196] C: Color skip occurred markedly.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 Liquid Evaluation result Example No. Ink No.
composition No. Dot diameter Image shift Example 1 Ink 1 Liquid B B
composition 1 Example 2 Ink 2 Liquid A B composition 1 Example 3
Ink 3 Liquid A A composition 1 Example 4 Ink 4 Liquid AA A
composition 1 Example 5 Ink 5 Liquid AA A composition 1 Example 6
Ink 6 Liquid A A composition 1 Example 7 Ink 7 Liquid A A
composition 1 Example 8 Ink 8 Liquid A A composition 1 Example 9
Ink 9 Liquid AA A composition 1 Example 10 Ink 10 Liquid AA A
composition 1 Example 11 Ink 11 Liquid A A composition 1 Example 12
Ink 12 Liquid A A composition 1 Example 13 Ink 13 Liquid A A
composition 1 Example 14 Ink 14 Liquid A A composition 1 Example 15
Ink 15 Liquid A A composition 1 Example 16 Ink 16 Liquid B B
composition 1 Example 17 Ink 17 Liquid B A composition 1 Example 18
Ink 18 Liquid B A composition 1 Example 19 Ink 19 Liquid A A
composition 1 Example 20 Ink 20 Liquid AA A composition 1 Example
21 Ink 21 Liquid AA A composition 1 Example 22 Ink 22 Liquid A A
composition 1 Example 23 Ink 23 Liquid A A composition 1 Example 24
Ink 24 Liquid AA A composition 1 Example 25 Ink 25 Liquid AA A
composition 1 Example 26 Ink 26 Liquid AA A composition 1 Example
27 Ink 27 Liquid B A composition 1 Example 28 Ink 28 Liquid B B
composition 1 Example 29 Ink 29 Liquid A B composition 1 Example 30
Ink 30 Liquid AA A composition 1 Example 31 Ink 31 Liquid AA A
composition 1 Example 32 Ink 32 Liquid A B composition 1 Example 33
Ink 33 Liquid B B composition 1 Example 34 Ink 34 Liquid A A
composition 1 Example 35 Ink 35 Liquid AA A composition 1 Example
36 Ink 36 Liquid AA A composition 1 Example 37 Ink 4 Liquid AA A
composition 2 Example 38 Ink 4 Liquid AA A composition 3 Example 39
Ink 4 Liquid AA A composition 4 Example 40 Ink 4 Liquid AA A
composition 5 Example 41 Ink 37 Liquid B B composition 6 Example 42
Ink 37 Liquid B B composition 7 Example 43 Ink 37 Liquid B A
composition 8 Example 44 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 9 Example 45
Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 10 Example 46 Ink 37 Liquid A A
composition 11 Example 47 Ink 37 Liquid B A composition 12 Example
48 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 13 Example 49 Ink 37 Liquid A A
composition 14 Example 50 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 15 Example
51 Ink 37 Liquid B A composition 16 Example 52 Ink 37 Liquid A A
composition 17 Example 53 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 18 Example
54 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 19 Example 55 Ink 37 Liquid B A
composition 20 Example 56 Ink 37 Liquid B B composition 21 Example
57 Ink 37 Liquid B A composition 22 Example 58 Ink 37 Liquid B A
composition 23 Example 59 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 24 Example
60 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 25 Example 61 Ink 37 Liquid A A
composition 26 Example 62 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 27 Example
63 Ink 37 Liquid B A composition 28 Example 64 Ink 37 Liquid A A
composition 29 Example 65 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 30 Example
66 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 31 Example 67 Ink 37 Liquid B B
composition 32 Example 68 Ink 37 Liquid B B composition 33 Example
69 Ink 37 Liquid A B composition 34 Example 70 Ink 37 Liquid A A
composition 35 Example 71 Ink 37 Liquid AA A composition 36 Example
72 Ink 37 Liquid AA A composition 37 Example 73 Ink 37 Liquid A A
composition 38 Example 74 Ink 37 Liquid B A composition 39 Example
75 Ink 38 Liquid A B composition 34 Example 76 Ink 39 Liquid AA A
composition 8 Example 77 Ink 40 Liquid AA A composition 8 Example
78 Ink 41 Liquid AA A composition 1 Example 79 Ink 4 Liquid AA A
composition 35 Example 80 Ink 43 Liquid B B composition 1 Example
81 Ink 1 Liquid B B composition 40 Example 82 Ink 2 Liquid A B
composition 40 Example 83 Ink 3 Liquid A A composition 40 Example
84 Ink 4 Liquid AA A composition 40 Example 85 Ink 8 Liquid A A
composition 40 Example 86 Ink 9 Liquid AA A composition 40 Example
87 Ink 10 Liquid AA A composition 40 Example 88 Ink 11 Liquid A A
composition 40 Example 89 Ink 19 Liquid A A composition 40 Example
90 Ink 20 Liquid AA A composition 40 Example 91 Ink 37 Liquid B B
composition 52 Example 92 Ink 37 Liquid B B composition 53 Example
93 Ink 37 Liquid B A composition 54 Example 94 Ink 37 Liquid A A
composition 55 Example 95 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 56 Example
96 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 57 Example 97 Ink 37 Liquid A A
composition 58 Example 98 Ink 37 Liquid B A composition 59 Example
99 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 60 Example 100 Ink 37 Liquid A A
composition 61 Example 101 Ink 37 Liquid B A composition 62 Example
102 Ink 37 Liquid A A composition 63
TABLE-US-00005 TABLE 5 Comparative Liquid Evaluation result Example
No. Ink No. composition No. Dot diameter Image shift Comparative
Ink 42 Liquid D C Example 1 composition 1 Comparative Ink 44 Liquid
D C Example 2 composition 1 Comparative Ink 45 Liquid C B Example 3
composition 8 Comparative Ink 46 Liquid C C Example 4 composition 1
Comparative Ink 47 Liquid C C Example 5 composition 1 Comparative
Ink 48 Liquid C B Example 6 composition 1 Comparative Ink 49 Liquid
D C Example 7 composition 1 Comparative Ink 50 Liquid D C Example 8
composition 1 Comparative Ink 51 Liquid C C Example 9 composition 1
Comparative Ink 52 Liquid C C Example 10 composition 1 Comparative
Ink 53 Liquid B C Example 11 composition 1 Comparative Ink 54
Liquid C C Example 12 composition 1 Comparative Ink 55 Liquid B C
Example 13 composition 1 Comparative Ink 37 Liquid D C Example 14
composition 42 Comparative Ink 37 Liquid D C Example 15 composition
43 Comparative Ink 37 Liquid D C Example 16 composition 44
Comparative Ink 37 Liquid D B Example 17 composition 45 Comparative
Ink 37 Liquid D C Example 18 composition 46 Comparative Ink 37
Liquid D C Example 19 composition 47 Comparative Ink 37 Liquid D C
Example 20 composition 48 Comparative Ink 37 Liquid D C Example 21
composition 49 Comparative Ink 37 Liquid C C Example 22 composition
50 Comparative Ink 37 Liquid D C Example 23 composition 51
Comparative Ink 37 Liquid C B Example 24 composition 52 Comparative
Ink 44 Liquid D C Example 25 composition 40 Comparative Ink 46
Liquid C C Example 26 composition 40 Comparative Ink 51 Liquid C C
Example 27 composition 40 Comparative Ink 52 Liquid C C Example 28
composition 40 Comparative Ink 53 Liquid B C Example 29 composition
40 Comparative Ink 54 Liquid C C Example 30 composition 40
Comparative Ink 55 Liquid B C Example 31 composition 40
[0197] [3] Example 103 (Direct Drawing Type Image Recording
Method)
[0198] The liquid composition 1, the ink 4, and the clear ink 1
obtained in the above were filled in ink cartridges, and the
cartridges were installed in a direct drawing type image recorder.
The following evaluations were carried out, giving rank A in each
evaluation.
[0199] Smeared Image
[0200] On a recording medium coated at a coating amount of 1.0
g/m.sup.2 with the liquid composition 1 by using the above image
recorder, a solid image with a duty of 300% (recording duty of each
ink: 100%) was formed in an area of 5 cm.times.5 cm by using the
cyan ink 4, the magenta ink 4, and the clear ink 1. If the clear
ink has insufficient agglutinating properties, a solid image is
smeared (smeared image occurs). The presence or absence of the
occurrence of the smeared image was determined by observing the
occurrence of color unevenness/gloss unevenness in the final image.
The evaluation criteria are as shown below.
[0201] A: A smeared image was suppressed.
[0202] B: A smeared image occurred slightly but was able to be
ignored.
[0203] C: A smeared image occurred markedly.
[0204] Occurrence of Image Shift
[0205] By using the image recorder, the liquid composition 1
obtained in the above was first applied to a recording medium:
Pearl Coat (manufactured by Mitsubishi Paper Mills Co.) at a
coating amount of 1.0 g/m.sup.2 with a coating roller. To the
recording medium coated with the liquid composition 1, the black
ink 4, the cyan ink 4, the magenta ink 4, and the clear ink 1 were
ejected from an ink jet recording head to record an image (solid
image of 5 cm.times.5 cm) with a recording duty of 300% (recording
duty of each ink: 100%). The obtained image was observed under a
microscope to determine the occurrence of color skip. If image
shift occurs, color skip occurs in a solid image. The evaluation
criteria are as shown below.
[0206] A: No color skip occurred.
[0207] B: Color skip occurred partly but was able to be
ignored.
[0208] C: Color skip occurred markedly.
[0209] [4] Example 104 (Intermediate Transfer Type Image Recording
Method)
[0210] The liquid composition 40, the ink 9, and the clear ink 2
obtained in the above were filled in ink cartridges, and the
cartridges were installed in an intermediate transfer type image
recorder. The following evaluations were carried out, giving rank A
in each evaluation.
[0211] Smeared Image
[0212] On an intermediate transfer member coated at a coating
amount of 1.0 g/m.sup.2 with the liquid composition 40 by using the
above image recorder, a solid image with a duty of 300% (recording
duty of each ink: 100%) was formed in an area of 5 cm.times.5 cm by
using the cyan ink 9, the magenta ink 9, and the clear ink 2. If
the clear ink has insufficient agglutinating properties, a solid
image is smeared (smeared image occurs). The presence or absence of
the occurrence of the smeared image was determined by observing the
occurrence of color unevenness/gloss unevenness in the final image.
The evaluation criteria are as shown below.
[0213] A: A smeared image was suppressed.
[0214] B: A smeared image occurred slightly but was able to be
ignored.
[0215] C: A smeared image occurred markedly.
[0216] Occurrence of Image Shift
[0217] By using the image recorder, the liquid composition 40
obtained in the above was first applied to an intermediate transfer
member at a coating amount of 1.0 g/m.sup.2 with a coating roller.
To the intermediate member coated with the liquid composition 40,
the black ink 9, the cyan ink 9, the magenta ink 9, and the clear
ink 2 were ejected from an ink jet recording head to record an
image (solid image of 5 cm.times.5 cm) with a recording duty of
300% (recording duty of each ink: 100%). The obtained image was
observed under a microscope to determine the occurrence of color
skip. If image shift occurs, color skip occurs in a solid
image.
[0218] The evaluation criteria are as shown below.
[0219] A: No color skip occurred.
[0220] B: Color skip occurred partly but was able to be
ignored.
[0221] C: Color skip occurred markedly.
[0222] While the present invention has been described with
reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the
invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments.
The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest
interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and
equivalent structures and functions.
[0223] This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application
Ser. No. 15/964,304, filed Apr. 27, 2018, which is a divisional of
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/983,909 (now U.S. Pat. No.
9,981,480), filed Dec. 30, 2015, which claims the benefit of
Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-002611, filed Jan. 8, 2015,
which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their
entirety.
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