U.S. patent application number 16/829142 was filed with the patent office on 2020-10-08 for levelling spacer device.
The applicant listed for this patent is RAIMONDI S.P.A.. Invention is credited to Riccardo SIGHINOLFI.
Application Number | 20200318366 16/829142 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000004777128 |
Filed Date | 2020-10-08 |
![](/patent/app/20200318366/US20200318366A1-20201008-D00000.png)
![](/patent/app/20200318366/US20200318366A1-20201008-D00001.png)
![](/patent/app/20200318366/US20200318366A1-20201008-D00002.png)
![](/patent/app/20200318366/US20200318366A1-20201008-D00003.png)
![](/patent/app/20200318366/US20200318366A1-20201008-D00004.png)
![](/patent/app/20200318366/US20200318366A1-20201008-D00005.png)
![](/patent/app/20200318366/US20200318366A1-20201008-D00006.png)
![](/patent/app/20200318366/US20200318366A1-20201008-D00007.png)
![](/patent/app/20200318366/US20200318366A1-20201008-D00008.png)
![](/patent/app/20200318366/US20200318366A1-20201008-D00009.png)
![](/patent/app/20200318366/US20200318366A1-20201008-D00010.png)
View All Diagrams
United States Patent
Application |
20200318366 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
SIGHINOLFI; Riccardo |
October 8, 2020 |
LEVELLING SPACER DEVICE
Abstract
A levelling spacer device (10) for the laying of slab-like
products (P) for coating surfaces, comprising: at least one base
(20) having a lower surface (21) and an opposite upper surface
(22); a spacer bridge (30) perimetrically delimiting a through
opening (40) adapted to be crossed by a pressure wedge (50) along a
crossing direction (C), wherein the bridge (30) is provided with:
two legs (31) mutually placed side by side along a flanking
direction (D) orthogonal to the crossing direction (C) and each
protruding from a respective portion of the upper base (20) surface
(22), in an orthogonal direction with respect thereto; and a
crosspiece (32), which joins the top of the two legs (31) along the
flanking direction (D); each leg (31) of the bridge (30) being
frangibly connected to the respective base portion by means of a
respective predetermined fracture line (310), wherein the fracture
line (310) comprises: a longitudinal cut (3100) developing for a
predetermined section of the width of the respective leg (31) with
a longitudinal axis (A) parallel to the flanking direction (D); and
at least one trigger element (3101) of the fracture localized in a
predetermined trigger zone of the longitudinal cut (3100) along the
longitudinal axis thereof (A).
Inventors: |
SIGHINOLFI; Riccardo;
(RUBIERA (RE), IT) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
RAIMONDI S.P.A. |
MODENA |
|
IT |
|
|
Family ID: |
1000004777128 |
Appl. No.: |
16/829142 |
Filed: |
March 25, 2020 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04F 21/0092 20130101;
E04F 21/22 20130101 |
International
Class: |
E04F 21/22 20060101
E04F021/22; E04F 21/00 20060101 E04F021/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Apr 2, 2019 |
IT |
102019000004948 |
Claims
1. A levelling spacer device for the laying of slab-shaped products
for coating surfaces, comprising: at least one base having a lower
surface and an opposite upper surface defining a bearing plane for
two tiles placed side by side; a spacer bridge perimetrically
delimiting a through opening adapted to be crossed by a pressure
wedge along a crossing direction, wherein the bridge is provided
with: two legs mutually placed side by side along a flanking
direction orthogonal to the crossing direction and each protruding
from a respective portion of the upper base surface, in an
orthogonal direction with respect thereto; and a crosspiece, which
joins the top of the two legs along the flanking direction; each
leg of the bridge being frangibly connected to the respective base
portion by means of a respective predetermined fracture line,
wherein the fracture line comprises: a longitudinal cut developing
for a predetermined section of the width of the respective leg with
a longitudinal axis parallel to the flanking direction; and at
least one trigger element of the fracture localized in a
predetermined trigger zone of the longitudinal cut along the
longitudinal axis thereof.
2. A device according to claim 1, wherein the trigger element is
localized close to at least one axial end of the longitudinal
cut.
3. A device according to claim 2, wherein the trigger element is
placed at a predetermined non-zero distance from the proximal axial
end of the longitudinal cut.
4. A device according to claim 1, wherein the trigger element is a
through hole in the thickness of the respective leg with transverse
through axis with respect to the longitudinal axis of the
longitudinal cut, which incises the longitudinal cut in the
predetermined trigger zone.
5. A device according to claim 4, wherein the through hole has a
section transverse to the through axis surrounded by a closed
perimeter.
6. A device according to claim 5, wherein the closed perimeter is
contained in the respective leg.
7. A device according to claim 1, wherein the trigger element is a
transverse cut, which incises the longitudinal cut in the
predetermined trigger zone.
8. A device according to claim 1, wherein the trigger element
defines the trigger zone of the longitudinal cut having a minimum
thickness of the entire leg smaller than the minimum section of the
longitudinal cut outside the trigger zone.
9. A device according to claim 1, wherein the longitudinal cut is
placed at a predetermined distance from the lower surface of the
base, which is such as to be arranged below the level of a surface,
in view, of the tiles resting on the base with a support surface
thereof opposite to the surface in view thereof.
10. A device according to claim 9, wherein the predetermined
distance of the longitudinal cut from the lower surface of the base
is smaller than a distance between the upper surface and the lower
surface of the base.
11. A device according to claim 1, which comprises a pair of
trigger elements, separated from each other along the longitudinal
axis of the longitudinal cut.
12. A device according to claim 11, wherein each trigger element of
the pair of trigger elements is placed close to a respective axial
end of the longitudinal cut.
13. A device according to claim 12, wherein each trigger element of
the pair of trigger elements is placed at a predetermined non-zero
distance from the respective proximal axial end of the longitudinal
cut.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a levelling spacer device
for the laying of slab-like products, such as tiles, slabs of
natural stone or the like, for coating surfaces, such as walkable
surfaces, floors, wall o ceiling coatings or the like.
PRIOR ART
[0002] In the sector of tile laying for coating surfaces, such as
floors, walls and the like, the use of spacer devices is known
which, in addition to equally spacing the tiles placed side by
side, allow their planar arrangement, such devices are commonly
called levelling spacer devices.
[0003] The levelling spacer devices of the known type generally
comprise a base, which can be positioned below the laying surface
of at least two adjacent tiles, from which at least a spacer bridge
protrudes, adapted to contact, by means of its lateral sidewalls,
the facing sidewalls of the two tiles to be placed side by side on
the laying surface.
[0004] The levelling spacer device is then provided with a pressure
wedge adapted to wedge between a crosspiece of the spacer bridge
and the surface, in view, of the tiles resting on the base, so as
to press the visible surfaces of the tiles towards the base,
levelling them.
[0005] The bridge is then removed by separation from the base
following the solidification of the tile laying adhesive, leaving,
for single-use, the base underneath the tile laying surface
incorporated in the solidified adhesive.
[0006] A need felt in these levelling spacer devices, especially in
those having bridges of reduced thickness, for example of about 1
mm, and which therefore allow to significantly reduce the distance
between two adjacent tiles, is the fact that this bridge is not
ripped off at the time of insertion of the pressure wedge, i.e.
that the bridge has a high tensile strength, allowing, at the same
time, to decrease the resistance to bending or shearing, i.e. to
allow an effective and comfortable removal of the bridge following
the solidification of the adhesive for the laying of the tiles.
[0007] In general, a need felt in these levelling spacer devices is
to make the separation of the bridge from the base more and more
effective and simple once the adhesive has hardened while
maintaining, however, a good tensile strength of the bridge itself
that is useful for effectively exercising, by means of the pressure
wedge, a pressure on the tiles to be levelled.
[0008] Furthermore, a need felt in such levelling spacer devices is
to guide the fracture of the bridge from the base as much as
possible along pre-established and non-random cutting lines,
limiting as much as possible that the separation line runs along
random and uncontrolled paths, and--therefore--to avoid that
unremoved portions of the bridge remain trapped in the joint lines
between the tiles.
[0009] An object of the present invention is to solve the
aforementioned need of the prior art, within the context of a
simple and rational solution and at a contained cost.
[0010] Such purposes are accomplished by the characteristics of the
invention given in the independent claim. The dependent claims
outline preferred and/or particularly advantageous aspects of the
invention.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
[0011] The invention, in particular, provides a levelling spacer
device for the laying of slab-like products for coating surfaces,
comprising: [0012] at least one base having a lower surface and an
opposite upper surface defining a bearing plane for two tiles
placed side by side; [0013] a spacer bridge perimetrically
delimiting a through opening adapted to be crossed by a pressure
wedge along a crossing direction, wherein the bridge is provided
with: [0014] two legs mutually placed side by side along a flanking
direction orthogonal to the crossing direction and each protruding
from a respective portion of the upper base surface, in an
orthogonal direction with respect thereto; and [0015] a crosspiece,
which joins the top of the two legs along the flanking direction;
each leg of the bridge being frangibly connected to the respective
base portion by means of a respective predetermined fracture line,
wherein the fracture line comprises: [0016] a longitudinal cut
developing for a predetermined section of the width of the
respective leg, preferably for the entire length of the respective
leg, with a longitudinal axis parallel to the flanking direction;
and [0017] at least one trigger element of the fracture localized
in a predetermined trigger zone of the longitudinal cut along the
longitudinal axis thereof.
[0018] Thanks to this solution, it is possible to define an element
localized along the width of the leg with greater fragility, such
as to be able to profitably and efficiently trigger the fracture of
the leg and its propagation along the line defined by the
longitudinal cut.
[0019] Furthermore, thanks to this solution, a good compromise is
reached between the high tensile strength of each leg, i.e. its
function as a traction element of the base under the effect of the
thrust of the pressure wedge, and the good bending frangibility
and/or cut of each leg itself, which allows the effective removal
of the bridge once the tiles are firmly in place.
[0020] Advantageously, the trigger element can be localized close
to at least one axial end of the longitudinal cut, preferably at a
predetermined non-zero distance from this axial end proximal to the
trigger element.
[0021] Non-zero distance means, in particular, that the trigger
element does not incise or coincide with any of the axial ends of
the longitudinal cut (to which it is proximal), or, in other words,
the external periphery of the trigger element (proximal to the
axial end of the longitudinal cut to which it is closest) is
detached and not in contact with the aforesaid proximal axial end
of the longitudinal cut, or--again--the trigger element (i.e. the
outline periphery thereof) is located in an intermediate zone of
the longitudinal cut (interposed between the opposite axial ends of
the same) at a non-zero distance from each axial end of the
longitudinal cut itself, i.e. it divides the longitudinal cut into
two portions, of which a first portion interposed between the
trigger element and a first axial end (proximal to the trigger
element) and a second portion interposed between the trigger
element and a second opposite axial end (distal from the same
trigger element) and/or another trigger element (where
provided).
[0022] Thanks to this solution it is possible to define a trigger
zone of the fracture close to a longitudinal end of the start of
the cut line, thus allowing to define an effective starting point
for the fracture.
[0023] Advantageously, the trigger element can be a through hole in
the thickness of the respective leg with a through axis transverse
with respect to the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal cut (i.e.
parallel to the aforesaid crossing direction) and which incises the
longitudinal cut in the predetermined trigger zone.
[0024] Thanks to this solution, the trigger element can be easily
realized and is economic.
[0025] For example, the through hole has a transverse section, i.e.
transverse to the through axis and closed section (i.e. surrounded
by a closed perimeter, for example circular or polygonal or of any
perimetrally closed shape.
[0026] Furthermore, preferably, the closed perimeter is totally
contained in the respective leg (i.e. it is defined by a perimeter
edge or by a surface of the leg itself).
[0027] Alternatively or in addition, the trigger element may
comprise a transverse cut which incises the longitudinal cut in the
predetermined trigger zone.
[0028] Thanks to this solution, the trigger element can be such as
to weaken even less the cutting section given by the longitudinal
cut.
[0029] According to an aspect of the invention, the trigger element
defines the trigger zone of the longitudinal cut having a minimum
thickness of the entire leg smaller than the minimum section of the
longitudinal cut outside the trigger zone.
[0030] Therefore, the trigger element defines the weakest zone of
the entire leg, from which the fracture of the same preferentially
departs.
[0031] Preferably, the longitudinal cut can be placed at a
predetermined distance from the lower surface of the base, which is
such as to be arranged below the level of a surface, in view, of
the tiles resting on the base with a support surface thereof
opposite to the surface in view thereof.
[0032] Preferably, the predetermined distance of the longitudinal
cut from the lower surface of the base can be smaller than a
distance between the upper surface and the lower surface of the
base.
[0033] Thanks to this, being the fracture line placed below the
surface, in view (preferably below the bearing plane) of the tiles,
no part of the base, once the bridge is removed, is above the
surface, in view, of the tiles, and preferably not even in the
interspace (joint) between the tiles.
[0034] According to a further aspect of the invention, the fracture
line can comprise a pair of trigger elements separated from each
other along the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal cut.
[0035] Preferably, each trigger element of the pair of trigger
elements can be placed close to a respective axial end of the
longitudinal cut, preferably at a predetermined non-zero distance
from said respective axial end to which it is close.
[0036] Thanks to this, the fracture can be effectively guided, from
the beginning to the end, along the longitudinal axis of the
longitudinal cut, for example by keeping it bound thereto and,
therefore, allowing an effective removal of each leg of the bridge
without burrs or remnants of irregular portions that remain
attached to the base.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0037] Further features and advantages of the invention will be
more apparent after reading the following description provided by
way of non-limiting example, with the aid of the accompanying
drawings.
[0038] FIG. 1 is an axonometric view of a first embodiment of a
levelling spacer device according to the invention.
[0039] FIG. 2 shows a front view of FIG. 1.
[0040] FIG. 3 shows a side view of FIG. 1.
[0041] FIG. 4 is a plan view from above of FIG. 1.
[0042] FIG. 5A is an enlargement of the detail A of FIG. 2
according to a first embodiment.
[0043] FIG. 5B is an enlargement of the detail A of FIG. 2
according to a second embodiment.
[0044] FIG. 5C is an enlargement of the detail A of FIG. 2
according to a third embodiment.
[0045] FIG. 6 is a sectional view along the trace of section B-B of
FIG. 5A.
[0046] FIG. 7 is an axonometric view of a second embodiment of a
levelling spacer device, according to the invention.
[0047] FIG. 8 shows a front view of FIG. 7.
[0048] FIG. 9 shows a side view of FIG. 7.
[0049] FIG. 10 is a plan view from above of FIG. 7.
[0050] FIG. 11A is an enlargement of the detail C of FIG. 8
according to a first embodiment.
[0051] FIG. 11B is an enlargement of the detail C of FIG. 8
according to a second embodiment.
[0052] FIG. 11C is an enlargement of the detail C of FIG. 8
according to a third embodiment.
[0053] FIG. 12 is a sectional view along the trace of section D-D
of FIG. 11A.
[0054] FIG. 13 is an axonometric view of a third embodiment of a
levelling spacer device, according to the invention.
[0055] FIG. 14 shows a front view of FIG. 13.
[0056] FIG. 15 shows a side view of FIG. 13.
[0057] FIG. 16 is a plan view from above of FIG. 13.
[0058] FIG. 17A is an enlargement of the detail E of FIG. 14
according to a first embodiment.
[0059] FIG. 17B is an enlargement of the detail E of FIG. 14
according to a second embodiment.
[0060] FIG. 17C is an enlargement of the detail E of FIG. 14
according to a third embodiment.
[0061] FIG. 18 is a sectional view along the trace of section F-F
of FIG. 17A.
[0062] FIG. 19 is an axonometric view of a fourth embodiment of a
levelling spacer device, according to the invention.
[0063] FIG. 20 shows a front view of FIG. 19.
[0064] FIG. 21 shows a side view of FIG. 19.
[0065] FIG. 22 is a plan view from above of FIG. 19.
[0066] FIG. 23A is an enlargement of the detail G of FIG. 20
according to a first embodiment.
[0067] FIG. 23B is an enlargement of the detail G of FIG. 20
according to a second embodiment.
[0068] FIG. 24 is a sectional view along the trace of section H-H
of FIG. 23A.
[0069] FIG. 25 is an axonometric view of a fifth embodiment of a
levelling spacer device, according to the invention.
[0070] FIG. 26 shows a front view of FIG. 25.
[0071] FIG. 27 shows a side view of FIG. 25.
[0072] FIG. 28 is a plan view from above of FIG. 25.
[0073] FIG. 29A is an enlargement of the detail I of FIG. 26
according to a first embodiment.
[0074] FIG. 29B is an enlargement of the detail I of FIG. 26
according to a second embodiment.
[0075] FIG. 29C is an enlargement of the detail I of FIG. 26
according to a third embodiment.
[0076] FIG. 30 is a sectional view along the trace of section L-L
of FIG. 29A.
[0077] FIG. 31 is an axonometric view of a pressure wedge of a
levelling spacer device, according to the invention.
[0078] FIG. 32 is a side view of a levelling spacer device in
operating configuration.
[0079] FIG. 33a is a schematic plan view of a first possible tile
laying scheme, so-called "straight".
[0080] FIG. 33b is a schematic plan view of a second possible tile
laying scheme, so-called "staggered".
[0081] FIG. 33c is a schematic plan view of a third possible tile
laying scheme, so-called "complex".
BEST MODE OF THE INVENTION
[0082] With particular reference to these figures, the reference
number 10 generally designates a levelling spacer device adapted to
facilitate the laying of slab-like products, such as tiles and the
like, generally indicated with letter P, and adapted for coating
surfaces, i.e. flooring, walls, ceilings and the like.
[0083] The device 10 comprises a base 20, which is, for example,
plate-shaped with an enlarged shape, for example polygonal.
[0084] The base 20, in the example shown, is a monolithic body
which has an irregular (plan) shape, for example substantially
octagonal.
[0085] The base 20 comprises a lower surface 21, for example
substantially flat or "V"-shaped or other shape.
[0086] The lower surface 21 is adapted to rest on a layer of
adhesive arranged on the screed which is intended to be covered by
the tiles P.
[0087] The base 20 also comprises an upper surface indicated as a
whole with number 22.
[0088] The upper surface 22 can be substantially flat or variously
shaped according to the needs.
[0089] In the illustrated examples, the upper surface 22 comprises
a raised first portion 220 (central in the example) defining a
bearing plane for two tiles P placed side by side.
[0090] The bearing plane, i.e. the highest flat surface of the
upper surface 22 which defines the first portion 220, is placed at
a first distance d1 from the lower surface 21.
[0091] The bearing plane (i.e. the first portion 220 of the upper
surface 22) is the surface of the base 20 that is more distant from
the lower surface 21.
[0092] In practice, the maximum thickness of the base 20 is defined
by the first distance d1.
[0093] The bearing plane is substantially parallel to the lower
(planar) surface 21.
[0094] The upper surface 22 of the base 20 furthermore comprises
two second portions 222 (lateral in the example) mutually opposite
with respect to the first portion 220, for example symmetrical (and
equal) with respect to a median plane M of the base 20 orthogonal
to the bearing plane and intersecting the first portion 220 and the
second portions 222.
[0095] Each second portion 222 defines a planar surface placed at a
second distance d2 from the lower surface 21, wherein for example
the second distance d2 is less than the first distance d1.
[0096] In practice, the thickness of each second portion 222 of the
base 20 is defined by the second distance d2 and is less than the
thickness of the first portion 220 of the base itself.
[0097] It is not excluded, however, that at worst the second
distance d2 may be equal to the first distance d1.
[0098] Each lateral surface is a plane substantially parallel to
the lower (planar) surface 21 and to the bearing plane (the two
being distinct).
[0099] The upper surface 22 comprises a connecting surface
interposed between each planar surface and the bearing plane.
[0100] The connecting surface is substantially orthogonal to the
planar surface and to the bearing plane, defining the elevation of
a step between them.
[0101] Each second portion 222 of the upper surface 22, i.e. each
planar surface, has a longitudinal development, i.e. has a
prevalent development direction, along a longitudinal axis A, which
is orthogonal to the median plane M of the base 20 which intersects
the first portion 220 and the second portions 222.
[0102] In practice, each planar surface defines an elongated strip
(having a length greater than the width) with longitudinal axis
orthogonal to the aforesaid median plane M of the base 20 and
placed at a lower level than the level defined by the bearing plane
defined by the first portion 220 of the base 20.
[0103] The planar surface has a substantially trapezoidal plan
shape, for example of an isosceles trapezoid, wherein the larger
base is near the bearing plane, i.e. is joined thereto by means of
the connecting surface, and the smaller base, opposite it, defines
the lateral (free) end distal from the first portion 220 of the
base 20.
[0104] The upper surface 22 of the base 20 comprises a pair of
inclined surfaces 225 opposite with respect to the median plane M
of the base 20 which intersects the first portion 220 and the
second portions 222.
[0105] Each inclined surface 225 defines a protruding ramp from the
end of the base 20 towards the aforesaid median plane M in a
direction that is orthogonal to the median plane M and which
connects the lower surface 21 of the base 20 to the bearing plane
of the first portion 220 of the base 20.
[0106] Each inclined surface 225 has a maximum distance from the
lower surface 21 equal to the first distance d1 and a minimum
distance from the lower surface 21 comprised between zero and the
second distance d2, preferably equal to the second distance d2.
[0107] Each inclined surface 225 lies on an inclined plane of an
acute (internal) angle with respect to the lower surface 21.
[0108] The base 20 comprises a pair of opposite slots 23 passing
from the lower surface 21 to the upper surface 22, which are
located at the first portion 220 of the upper surface 22
[0109] Each slot 23 has an elongated shape, i.e. it has a prevalent
development direction, along a longitudinal axis orthogonal to the
median plane M of the base 20 which intersects the first portion
220 and the second portions 222.
[0110] In practice, each slot 23 has a longitudinal axis parallel
to the longitudinal axis of the second portions 222 of the upper
surface 22 of the base 20.
[0111] Each slot 23 is open laterally at a respective end of the
base 20 distal from the median plane M.
[0112] Each slot 23 defines a longitudinal through gap of the base
20 from the end that is distal from the median plane M towards it
and with a prevalent direction orthogonal thereto.
[0113] The length of each slot 23 is less than half the length of
the base 20 in the direction orthogonal to the median plane M, for
example it is comprised between 0.4 times and 0.55 times half of
the length of the base 20 in the direction orthogonal to the median
plane M, for example 0.54 times half the length of the base 20 in
the direction orthogonal to the median plane M.
[0114] For example, each slot 23 is adapted to intersect a
respective inclined surface 225 dividing this into two separate
portions along a direction parallel to the median plane M and to
the lower surface 21.
[0115] The base 20, in particular the upper surface 22 thereof
(except for the inclined surfaces 225), has a surface roughness
substantially comprised between 20VDI-30VDI.
[0116] The device 10 comprises a spacer bridge 30 which, in use, is
adapted to contact at least one portion of the facing sidewalls of
the at least two tiles P resting on the bearing plane of the upper
surface 22 of the base 20.
[0117] The bridge 30 comprises two legs 31 protruding from the base
20, for example, each leg is protruding from a respective second
portion 222 of the upper surface 22 of the base 20 in an orthogonal
direction with respect to at least the first portion 220 of the
upper surface 22 of the base itself.
[0118] The legs 31 are placed side by side along a parallel (and
lying) flanking direction D on the median plane M of the base 20
and mutually spaced apart.
[0119] The bridge 30 then comprises a crosspiece 32 which joins the
top of the two legs 31 and is arranged with a longitudinal axis
parallel to the flanking direction D and parallel and at a distance
from the upper surface 22 of the base 20.
[0120] The bridge 30 is for example made as a single body with the
base 20, for example by injection molding of plastic material.
[0121] The bridge 30 is defined globally by a plate-shaped body
arranged parallel to the median plane M of the base 20, so that the
median plane M of the base 20 is also a median plane of the bridge
30 itself.
[0122] Each leg 31 of the bridge 30 has a lower end fixed to the
planar surface of the respective second portion 222.
[0123] Each leg 31 of the bridge 30 is frangibly connected to the
planar surface of the respective second portion 222 of the base 20
by means of a pre-established fracture line 310, which will be
better described below.
[0124] The fracture line 310, visible in the details of FIG.
5A-5C,6 11A-11C, 12, 17A-17C, 18, 23A-23B, 24, 29A-29C, and 30, is
substantially parallel to the planar surface (and/or to the bearing
plane defined by the first portion 220 of the upper surface 22 and
to the median plane M) and is placed at a third distance d3 from
the lower surface 21.
[0125] In a first and preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-6, the
third distance d3 at which the fracture line 310 is placed is
intermediate with respect to (comprised between) the first distance
d1 and the second distance d2.
[0126] For example, the third distance d3 is closer to the second
distance d2 than the first distance d1.
[0127] The third distance d3 is substantially equal to or slightly
higher than the second distance d2.
[0128] In a second embodiment shown in FIGS. 7-12, the third
distance d3 at which the fracture line 310 is placed is
substantially equal to or slightly higher than the first distance
d1.
[0129] In a third embodiment shown in FIGS. 13-18, the third
distance d3 at which the fracture line 310 is placed is
substantially higher than the first distance d1, although it is
always less than the distance from the lower surface 21 in which
the surface, in view, of the tiles P to be placed side by side is
located (which can be levelled and spaced by the device 10 and
which are resting with the laying surface thereof on the bearing
plane defined by the base 20.
[0130] Each leg 31 of the bridge 30 is substantially slab-like and
has a longitudinal axis (prevalent direction) orthogonal to the
planar surface of the second portion 222 from which it derives.
[0131] Each leg 31 has a height (in a direction parallel to its
longitudinal axis) greater than the thickness of the tiles P to be
placed side by side, so that the crosspiece 32 of the bridge 30 is
always at a level (distance from the lower surface 21) greater than
the level of the surface, in view, of the tiles P to be placed side
by side.
[0132] Each leg 31 has a predetermined width, whereby width is
intended as the size parallel to the median plane M (which
intersects both the legs 31 and the cross-piece 32 of the bridge
30), i.e. parallel to the flanking direction D of the legs 31,
which is, for example, less than the width of the planar surface of
the respective second portion 222.
[0133] For example, the width of the leg 31 can be increased, in
particular, the width of the leg 31 is substantially equal (or
slightly less) than half the (minimum) distance between the two
legs 31, i.e. the distance between the two internal facing edges).
In practice, each leg 31 (i.e. the edge thereof facing towards the
other leg 31) has a (non-zero) distance from the connecting surface
of the upper surface 22 of the base 20, i.e. a cavity is defined
between each leg 31 and the connecting surface.
[0134] Each leg 31 has a variable thickness (for example in
sections) along the longitudinal axis thereof.
[0135] Leg thickness 31 is intended as the size of the leg 31 in
the direction orthogonal to the median plane M of the bridge 30
which intersects both the legs 31 and the crosspiece 32 of the
bridge 30.
[0136] Each leg 31 comprises a central sector 311 axially
interposed between the crosspiece 32 and the lower end of the leg
31, wherein the central sector 311 is provided with two sidewalls
opposite each other with respect to the median plane M.
[0137] The sidewalls of the central sector 311 are the zone of the
leg 31 which comes into contact with the side-by-side tiles P
resting on the first portion 220 of the upper surface 22 of the
base 20 defining their mutual distance in a direction orthogonal to
the median plane M.
[0138] The distance between the sidewalls defines the width of the
joint (interspace) between the tiles P.
[0139] For example, the thickness of each leg 31 at each sidewall
is suitably calibrated, for example it is equal to 1 mm, 2 mm or
multiples.
[0140] Each leg 31 then comprises a block 313 adapted to
interconnect the central sector 311 with the planar surface of the
respective second portion 222 of the base 20.
[0141] The block 313 has, for example, a thickness, i.e. a
transverse section made with respect to a plane orthogonal to the
median plane M, less than (or at worst equal to) the mutual
distance between the two sidewalls of the central sector 311.
[0142] The block 313 has an upper end connected to the central
sector 311 and a lower end, which coincides with the lower end of
the leg 31 as a whole, connected directly to the planar surface of
the respective second portion 222 of the base 20.
[0143] The fracture line 310 is defined at the block 313, for
example in a zone proximal to the lower end of the same and/or
intermediate between the lower end thereof (or coinciding
therewith) and the upper end thereof (excluded).
[0144] The fracture line 310, as shown in detail in FIGS. 5A-5C, 6
11A-11C, 12, 17A-17C, 18, 23A-23B, 24, 29A-29C, and 30, comprises a
longitudinal cut 3100 developing longitudinally with a longitudinal
axis A parallel to the flanking direction D of the legs 31.
[0145] For example, the longitudinal cut 3100 of each leg 31 is
aligned along the flanking direction D with the longitudinal cut
3100 of the other leg 31.
[0146] The longitudinal cut 3100 of each leg 31 extends for a
predetermined section of the width (dimension parallel to the
flanking direction D) of the respective leg 31, preferably for the
entire width of the respective leg 31 (i.e. of the block 313 on
which it is defined), i.e. with whole development.
[0147] Preferably, each longitudinal cut 3100 defines a zone having
a reduced transverse section with respect to the transverse section
(in any direction and in particular in the direction orthogonal to
the median plane M) of the entire leg 31 and, in particular, of the
block 313.
[0148] The longitudinal cut 3100 in practice defines a weakened
zone of the respective leg on which the fracture of the bridge 30
preferentially develops with respect to the base 20.
[0149] The longitudinal axis A of the longitudinal cut 3100 is
parallel to the planar surface of the respective second portion 222
and to the median plane M.
[0150] The longitudinal cut 3100 has a section that is transverse
(i.e. with respect to a plane orthogonal to the flanking direction
D, i.e. to the longitudinal axis A of the respective longitudinal
cut 3100) having a concave shape, with concavity turned outwards
(i.e. from the side opposite to the median plane M).
[0151] For example, the aforesaid transverse section is rounded
according to a first radius of curvature R1.
[0152] In practice, the shape of the longitudinal cut is
substantially semi-cylindrical or defines a dihedral ("V"-shaped)
angle whose vertex is tuned towards the inside of the leg 31 and is
open on the opposite side from the median plane M.
[0153] The first radius of curvature R1 is substantially comprised
between 0.4 and 0.2 mm, preferably equal to 0.3 mm.
[0154] The cut depth of the longitudinal cut 3100 defined along the
thickness of the block 313 is substantially comprised between 0.01
mm and 0.02 mm.
[0155] Each leg 31, i.e. each block 313, comprises a pair of
identical longitudinal cuts 3100, symmetrically arranged with
respect to the median plane M of the bridge 30 (and of the base 20)
which contains the flanking direction D, i.e. the longitudinal axis
A of the longitudinal cut 3100.
[0156] In practice, the weakened zone of the leg 31, on which the
fracture of the bridge 30 preferentially develops, is defined at
the plane joining the vertices of the rounded concave shape
according to a first radius of curvature R1 defining the two
longitudinal cuts.
[0157] In practice, the thickness of the weakened zone is equal to
the thickness of the leg 31, preferably of the block 313, minus
twice the cut thickness.
[0158] Advantageously, each longitudinal cut 3100 is then connected
to the portion of the leg 31 (i.e. of the block 313) above it by
means of a rounded connecting surface according to a second radius
of curvature, opposite and greater than the first radius of
curvature R1 (for example comprised between 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm,
preferably equal to 0.4 mm).
[0159] Each fracture line 310 further comprises at least one
trigger element 3101 of the fracture, which is localized in a
predetermined trigger zone of the longitudinal cut 3100 along its
longitudinal axis A.
[0160] The trigger element 3101 defines the trigger zone of the
longitudinal cut having the minimum thickness of the entire leg 31,
i.e. having a thickness less than the thickness of the weakened
zone of the longitudinal cut 310 (outside the trigger zone
itself).
[0161] This minimum thickness (localized at the trigger element
3101) can be comprised between the zero thickness (comprised) and
the thickness of the weakened zone of the longitudinal cut 310 (not
comprised).
[0162] Advantageously, the trigger element 3101 is localized close
to at least one axial end of the longitudinal cut 3101.
[0163] Preferably, but not limited to, the trigger element 3101 is
localized close to at least one axial end of the longitudinal cut
3101 at a predetermined non-zero distance therefrom, for example at
a distance along the longitudinal axis A of the longitudinal cut
3100 comprised between the thickness of the weakened zone (of the
longitudinal cut 3100) and the thickness of the central sector 311
(and/or of the block 313). In an embodiment shown in FIGS. 5A, 11A,
17A, 23B and 29A, each fracture line 310 comprises a single trigger
element 3101 placed close to a single axial end of the respective
longitudinal cut 3100, preferably the external axial end (distal
from the other leg 31).
[0164] In a further embodiment shown in FIGS. 5B, 11B, 17B, 23A and
29B and 5C, 11C, 17C and 29C, each fracture line 310 comprises a
pair of trigger elements 3101 separated from each other along the
longitudinal axis A of the longitudinal cut 3100 and, for example,
each placed close to a respective axial end of the longitudinal cut
3100, preferably at the aforesaid predetermined non-zero distance
therefrom.
[0165] In a preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 5A-5C,6 11A-11C,
12, 17A-17C, 18, 29A-29C, and 30, each trigger element 3101
comprises or consists of a hole 3101 passing from side-to-side for
the entire thickness of the respective leg 31, i.e. of the relative
block 313, wherein the through axis of the hole 3101 is transverse
with respect to the longitudinal axis A of the longitudinal cut
3100.
[0166] In greater detail, the through axis of the hole 3101 is
orthogonal to the median plane M of the base 20 and of the bridge
30 (which contains the longitudinal axis A of the longitudinal cut
3100).
[0167] The hole 3101 is for example with a constant circular
section, i.e. it has a substantially cylindrical shape.
[0168] It is not excluded that this hole 3101 may have different
shapes according to the needs.
[0169] For example, as illustrated in detail in FIGS. 5C, 11C, 17C
and 29C, the hole 3101 is for example with a polygonal, preferably
quadrangular (or rhomboidal), constant section, i.e. it has a
substantially prismatic shape.
[0170] Preferably, the through axis of the hole 3101
incises/intersects the longitudinal cut 3100, i.e. the vertex
thereof (or minimum section), in the aforesaid predetermined
trigger zone, i.e. at the predetermined (non-zero) distance from
the respective axial end of the longitudinal cut 3100.
[0171] When the trigger element 3101 is a through hole 3101, the
same trigger element is such as to affect (intersect) both the
longitudinal cuts 3100 of the same leg 31 in the same trigger
zone.
[0172] In an alternative embodiment not shown, the hole 3101 could
be a blind hole (or a blind indentation), i.e. a pair of opposite
coaxial blind holes, i.e. provided with a single central axis that
incises/intersects the longitudinal cut 3100, i.e. the vertex
thereof (or minimum section), in the aforesaid predetermined
trigger zone, or at the predetermined (non-zero) distance from the
respective axial end of the longitudinal cut 3100.
[0173] In an embodiment shown in FIGS. 23A, 23B and 24, each
trigger element 3101 comprises or consists of a transverse cut 3101
which incises/intersects the longitudinal cut 3100 in the aforesaid
predetermined trigger zone, i.e. at the predetermined (zero or
non-zero) distance from the respective axial end of the
longitudinal cut 3100.
[0174] In particular, at least one trigger element 3101 of each leg
31 (in the example the one placed at the external axial end of the
longitudinal cut 3100), in this embodiment, is formed by a pair of
(identical) opposite transverse cuts 3101, symmetrically arranged
with respect to the median plane M of the bridge 30 (and of the
base 20) which contains the flanking direction D, i.e. the
longitudinal axis A of the longitudinal cut 3100.
[0175] Each transverse cut 3101 has a substantially "V" shape, for
example with a rounded vertex, which for example incises/intersects
the longitudinal cut 3100, i.e. the vertex thereof (or minimum
section), in the aforesaid predetermined trigger zone, i.e. at the
predetermined (non-zero) distance from the respective axial end of
the longitudinal cut 3100.
[0176] In particular, each transverse cut 3101 is defined by a
dihedral angle whose vertex corner faces the inside of the leg 31
and is open on the opposite side with respect to the median plane
M.
[0177] The vertex corner of the dihedral angle formed by each
transverse cut 3101 develops longitudinally in a transverse
direction, preferably orthogonal to the longitudinal axis A of the
longitudinal cut 3100, i.e. it develops substantially orthogonal to
the lower surface 21 of the base 20.
[0178] The vertices of the transverse cuts 3101 of each pair of
transverse cuts 3101 which forms a trigger element 3101 are spaced
by a (non-zero) distance less than the distance between the
vertices of the longitudinal cuts 3100 of the same leg 31.
[0179] Furthermore, at least one trigger element 3101 of each leg
31 (in the example the one placed at the internal axial end of the
longitudinal cut 3100), in this embodiment, is formed by a single
degrading wall whose vertex (preferably orthogonal to the
longitudinal axis A of the longitudinal cut 3100, i.e. it develops
substantially orthogonal to the lower surface 21 of the base 20) is
placed at the respective axial (internal) end of the longitudinal
cut 3100, i.e. of the leg 31.
[0180] Returning then to the overall shape of the leg 31, the upper
end of the block 313, i.e. the zone in which the block 313 connects
to the central sector 311, is placed at a fourth distance d4 with
respect to the lower surface 21 of the base 20, which fourth
distance d4 is greater than the first distance d1.
[0181] In practice, the upper end of the block 313 protrudes above
the level defined by the bearing plane of the first portion 220 of
the upper surface 22 of the base 20. For example, the fourth
distance d4 is substantially equal to the sum of the first distance
d1 and the second distance d2.
[0182] The upper end of the block 313 is connected to the central
sector 311 of the leg 31 by means of a rounded connecting surface
according to a third radius of curvature, which is concordant and
greater than the first radius of curvature R1 (for example equal to
the second radius of curvature), and/or by "V" inclined walls.
[0183] The crosspiece 32, which as said extends longitudinally with
longitudinal axis thereof parallel to the flanking direction D,
comprises a transverse section (with respect to a plane orthogonal
to the median plane M and orthogonal to this flanking direction D)
defining a thicker zone in a zone proximal to the upper end of the
legs 31 and with whole longitudinal development.
[0184] This thicker zone defines a reinforcing beam for the bridge
30.
[0185] This thicker zone is overhanging at the top with a thinner
gripping portion and is connected to the legs 31 by means of
inclined connecting surfaces.
[0186] The reinforcing beam, in the zone interposed between the
legs 31, i.e. superimposed on the first portion 220 of the upper
surface 22 of the base 20, ends up at the bottom with a shaped
edge, for example a "V"-shaped.
[0187] The distance of the shaped edge from the first portion 220
of the upper surface 22 of the base 20 is (abundantly) greater than
the thickness of the tiles P to be laid. Moreover, the crosspiece
32 might have a longitudinal development (length) less than the
maximum distance of the legs 31, i.e. of the external and opposite
surfaces of the same (see FIGS. 1-18), or have a longitudinal
development equal to the aforesaid maximum distance of the legs 31
(see FIGS. 19-30).
[0188] Furthermore, the crosspiece 32 could have holes or
lightening openings 320, for example through- or blind ones,
defined above the reinforcing beam of the bridge 30.
[0189] The bridge 30, with its portal shape described above, and
the base 20 joined thereto, delimit a through opening 40 which
crosses the bridge 30 and the base 20 in a direction orthogonal to
the median plane M of the same, i.e. in a crossing direction C
orthogonal to the median plane M (i.e. orthogonal to the flanking
direction D between the legs 31).
[0190] The through opening 40 is delimited perimetrically by the
crosspiece 32 and the legs 31 of the bridge 30 and by the upper
surface 22 of the base 20.
[0191] More in detail, the through opening 40 is delimited at the
top by the shaped edge of the reinforcing beam of the crosspiece
32, below (almost totally) by the bearing plane of the first
portion 220 of the upper surface 22 of the base (i.e. the zone of
the same underlying the crosspiece 32) and laterally by the
internal facing edges of the legs 31.
[0192] The through opening 40 overall has a substantially
rectangular shape.
[0193] The device 10 further comprises a pressure wedge 50,
separated from the base 20 and from the bridge 30 (see FIGS. 31 and
32).
[0194] The pressure wedge 50 is a right-angled wedge, for example
it is provided with a lower flat surface 51 and adapted to be
arranged, in use, parallel to the bearing plane of the first
portion 220 of the upper surface 22 of the base 20 and an upper
surface 52 inclined with respect to the lower surface 51 and
provided with abutment elements, such as teeth 53 or knurls.
[0195] The pressure wedge 50 then comprises two parallel side
walls.
[0196] The pressure wedge 50 has variable (and steadily growing)
thickness along its longitudinal axis from one end towards the
opposite end.
[0197] The pressure wedge 50 is configured so that it can be
axially fitted with clearance through the through opening 40
defined between the base 20 and the bridge 30 of the device 10
along the crossing direction C (see FIG. 32) which is orthogonal to
the aforesaid median plane M of the bridge 30 and of the base
20.
[0198] For example, the maximum height of the pressure wedge 50
(maximum distance between the lower surface thereof 51 and the
upper surface 52 thereof) is less than the height of the through
opening 40 defined by the distance between the cross-piece 32 (i.e.
the shaped edge thereof) and the upper surface 22 of the base 20
(i.e. the bearing plane thereof).
[0199] The shaped edge of the crosspiece 32 is able to engage the
teeth 53 substantially like a pop-up during the translation inside
the through opening 40 along the crossing direction C.
[0200] The width of the pressure wedge 50 is substantially equal to
(slightly less than) the distance between the two legs 31 (i.e.
between the two facing edges thereof).
[0201] The pressure wedge 50 is adapted to be fitted inside the
through opening 40 and to slide, with the lower surface 51 resting
on the surfaces, in view, of the tiles P resting on the bearing
plane defined by the upper surface 22 of the base 20, in such a way
that the upper surface 52 of the pressure wedge 50 come into forced
contact with the shaped edge of the crosspiece 32 and the same
pressure wedge 50 is thus pressed against both tiles P, placed on
opposite sides with respect to the bridge 30, due to the thrust of
the same towards the base 20 and the levelling of the same.
[0202] In light of the above, the operation of the device 10 is as
follows.
[0203] The device 10 allows the laying of tiles P according to
different laying schemes as illustrated in FIGS. 33a-33c.
[0204] For coating a surface with a plurality of tiles P, it is
sufficient to spread a layer of adhesive over it and, subsequently,
it is possible to lay the tiles P.
[0205] In practice, where the first tile is to be arranged, it is
sufficient to position a first device 10, whose base 20 is
intended, for example, to be placed under four corners of
respective two/four tiles P.
[0206] Once the base 20 has been positioned, it is sufficient to
position the two/four tiles P so that each of them has a portion of
the lateral sidewall in contact respectively with a sidewall of one
or both legs 31.
[0207] In this way, the equidistance between the two/four tiles P
that surround the bridge 30 and are resting on the bearing plane of
the base 20 is ensured.
[0208] When for example the tiles P have particularly large
dimensions, then it is possible to position a device 10 also at a
median zone of the lateral sidewall of the tile itself. In doing
so, the tile P rests on one or more bearing planes of respective
bases 20. Generally, the work is done by first laying a tile P and
subsequently at a corner or a sidewall thereof, a base portion 20
of the device 10 is inserted thereunder.
[0209] In this circumstance, the inclined surfaces 225 and the
elongated conformation in a direction orthogonal to the median
plane M of the second portions 222 of the upper surface 22 (lowered
with respect to the first portion 220) and, for example, the slots
23 play an important role in facilitating (jointly) the wedging of
the base 20 below the laying surface of the tile P however allowing
the adhesive not to be completely scraped away from the laying
surface itself.
[0210] Once the various bases 20 have been positioned with their
respective bridges 30 which stand above the surfaces in view of the
side-by-side tiles P as described above, until the adhesive has
still not completely solidified, it is proceeded with the insertion
of the various pressure wedges 50 inside each through opening 40,
which, by pressing on the surfaces in view of the tiles P, locally
at the various (median or corner) points, allow the perfect
levelling of the surfaces in view of the same tiles. Finally, when
the adhesive has hardened and set, it is proceeded with breaking
the long bridge 30, causing, for example by means of an impulsive
force directed parallel to the median plane M, the fracture along
the fracture line 310 and thus removing the same bridge 30
(single-use) and the pressure wedge 50 (reusable) so as to be able
to fill the joints between the tiles P without the base 20 being
visible on the finished surface and no part of the base 20 being
interposed between the tiles themselves.
[0211] In practice, the fracture triggers in a controlled way
starting from one of the trigger elements 3101 of each leg 31 and
propagates along the longitudinal axis A of the longitudinal cut
3100 up to the opposite axial end of the same, for example where it
joins the other possible trigger element 3101 (where present),
which contributes to keeping the fracture guided along the
longitudinal axis A of the longitudinal cut 3100 along the entire
width of the respective leg 31.
[0212] The invention thus conceived is susceptible to several
modifications and variations, all falling within the scope of the
inventive concept.
[0213] Moreover, all the details can be replaced by other
technically equivalent elements.
[0214] In practice, the materials used, as well as the contingent
shapes and sizes, can be whatever according to the requirements
without for this reason departing from the scope of protection of
the following claims.
* * * * *