U.S. patent application number 16/358430 was filed with the patent office on 2020-09-24 for implantable abutments, abutment systems, and methods of operation thereof.
This patent application is currently assigned to JET Dental, Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is JET Dental, Inc.. Invention is credited to Ole JENSEN.
Application Number | 20200297463 16/358430 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 1000004082879 |
Filed Date | 2020-09-24 |
![](/patent/app/20200297463/US20200297463A1-20200924-D00000.png)
![](/patent/app/20200297463/US20200297463A1-20200924-D00001.png)
![](/patent/app/20200297463/US20200297463A1-20200924-D00002.png)
![](/patent/app/20200297463/US20200297463A1-20200924-D00003.png)
![](/patent/app/20200297463/US20200297463A1-20200924-D00004.png)
![](/patent/app/20200297463/US20200297463A1-20200924-D00005.png)
![](/patent/app/20200297463/US20200297463A1-20200924-D00006.png)
![](/patent/app/20200297463/US20200297463A1-20200924-D00007.png)
![](/patent/app/20200297463/US20200297463A1-20200924-D00008.png)
![](/patent/app/20200297463/US20200297463A1-20200924-D00009.png)
![](/patent/app/20200297463/US20200297463A1-20200924-D00010.png)
View All Diagrams
United States Patent
Application |
20200297463 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
JENSEN; Ole |
September 24, 2020 |
IMPLANTABLE ABUTMENTS, ABUTMENT SYSTEMS, AND METHODS OF OPERATION
THEREOF
Abstract
Improved devices, systems, and methods for securing a dental
prosthesis within an oral cavity of a subject are disclosed. In one
embodiment, an implant system comprises an implantable abutment
comprising a threaded fixation portion and an abutment portion. At
least part of the threaded fixation portion can be configured to be
implanted within the alveolar bone or alveolar process of the
subject and at least part of the abutment portion can be configured
to protrude beyond the gingiva of the subject. The system can also
comprise a sleeve comprising a sleeve frame and a plurality of
locking tabs configured to lock the sleeve to the abutment portion
and lock a dental coping to the abutment portion. The threaded
fixation portion can be defined by an exterior tubular profile and
wherein the abutment portion can be set within the exterior tubular
profile.
Inventors: |
JENSEN; Ole; (Englewood,
CO) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
JET Dental, Inc. |
Provo |
UT |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
JET Dental, Inc.
Provo
UT
|
Family ID: |
1000004082879 |
Appl. No.: |
16/358430 |
Filed: |
March 19, 2019 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61C 8/0056 20130101;
A61C 8/0022 20130101; A61C 8/0063 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61C 8/00 20060101
A61C008/00 |
Claims
1. A system for securing a dental prosthesis within an oral cavity
of a subject, comprising: an implantable abutment comprising a
threaded fixation portion and an abutment portion, wherein at least
part of the threaded fixation portion is configured to be implanted
within the alveolar bone of the subject, wherein at least part of
the abutment portion is configured to protrude beyond the gingiva
of the subject; a sleeve comprising a sleeve frame and a plurality
of locking tabs, wherein the sleeve is configured to fit over at
least a portion of the abutment portion, and wherein a subset of
the plurality of locking tabs are configured to project radially
inward relative to the sleeve frame to secure the sleeve to the
abutment portion; and a coping comprising a coping exterior surface
configured to be adhered to the dental prosthesis, wherein the
coping is configured to be placed over the sleeve when the sleeve
is secured to the abutment portion, and wherein another subset of
the plurality of locking tabs are configured to project radially
outward relative to the sleeve frame to secure the coping to the
sleeve.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the threaded fixation portion is
defined by an exterior tubular profile and wherein the abutment
portion is set within the exterior tubular profile.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the abutment portion is angled
with respect to a longitudinal axis of the threaded fixation
portion.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the abutment portion is angled
with respect to the longitudinal axis of the threaded fixation
portion at an angle of about 13 degrees.
5. The system of claim 3, wherein the abutment portion is angled
with respect to the longitudinal axis of the threaded fixation
portion at an angle of about 26 degrees.
6. The system of claim 1, further comprising an insertion cap
configured to be placed over the abutment portion and wherein the
insertion cap further comprises a tool coupling feature for
detachably engaging with a rotatable drive tool used to apply
torque to the implantable abutment.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the insertion cap detachably
engages with at least a portion of the threaded fixation
portion.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein at least part of the threaded
fixation portion and the abutment portion protrude out of the
gingiva of the subject when the implantable abutment is implanted
within the alveolar bone of the subject.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the abutment portion is directly
connected to the threaded fixation portion without an intervening
fastener.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the dental prosthesis is at
least part of a dental crown, a bridge, a partial overdenture, or a
complete overdenture.
11. A method of securing a dental prosthesis within an oral cavity
of a subject, comprising: securing an implantable abutment within
an oral cavity of a subject, wherein the implantable abutment
comprises a threaded fixation portion and an abutment portion,
wherein at least part of the threaded fixation portion is implanted
within the alveolar bone of the subject, and wherein at least part
of the abutment portion extends beyond the gingiva of the subject;
introducing a sleeve comprising a plurality of locking tabs on to a
part of the abutment portion, wherein a subset of the plurality of
locking tabs project radially inward relative to the sleeve frame
to secure the sleeve to the abutment portion; and introducing a
coping comprising a coping surface configured to be adhered to the
dental prosthesis on to a part of the sleeve when the sleeve is
secured to the abutment portion.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the threaded fixation portion
is defined by an exterior tubular profile and wherein the abutment
portion is set within the exterior tubular profile.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein the abutment portion is angled
with respect to a longitudinal axis of the threaded fixation
portion.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the abutment portion is angled
with respect to the longitudinal axis of the threaded fixation
portion at an angle of about 13 degrees.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the abutment portion is angled
with respect to the longitudinal axis of the threaded fixation
portion at an angle of about 26 degrees.
16. The method of claim 11, further comprising capping the abutment
portion with an insertion cap, and applying torque to the
implantable abutment using a rotatable drive tool configured to
detachably engage with a tool coupling feature of the insertion
cap.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the insertion cap detachably
engages with at least a portion of the threaded fixation
portion.
18. The method of claim 11, wherein at least part of the threaded
fixation portion and the abutment portion protrude out of the
gingiva of the subject when the implantable abutment is secured
within the oral cavity of the subject.
19. The method of claim 11, wherein the abutment portion is
directly connected to the threaded fixation portion without an
intervening fastener.
20. The method of claim 11, wherein the dental prosthesis is at
least part of a dental crown, a bridge, a partial overdenture, or a
complete overdenture.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to apparatus for
retaining one or more dental prostheses in an oral cavity of a user
and, more specifically, to improved implantable abutments, abutment
systems, and methods of operation thereof.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The use of dental prostheses to replace missing or damaged
teeth is commonplace. Typically, artificial roots or hollow
screw-type implants are implanted into the jawbone of the patient
and are used to provide structural support to a separate abutment
piece that acts as an intermediary between the implant and the
artificial teeth or crown. The artificial teeth or crown is often
fastened to the abutment typically by screws, adhesives, or a
combination thereof.
[0003] FIGS. 1A to 1D illustrate partial cross-sectional side views
of one example of a traditional implant procedure with a crown
being secured within a mouth of a patient. Depending upon the
number of teeth to be replaced, one or more holes can be drilled
into the patient's alveolar bone or alveolar process. As shown in
FIG. 1A, a portion of the patient's gums or gingiva 14 can be cut
open to expose the underlying bone 10 into which a drill bit 16 can
be used to bore open a hole 12. An anchoring implant 18 (for
example, a hollow threaded screw) can be implanted within the hole
12 and covered by the gingiva 14 or gums of the patient to allow
for healing and for the implant 18 to take hold within the bone 10,
as shown in FIG. 1B.
[0004] Once the implant 18 has been desirably positioned within the
bone 10, an abutment 20 can be securely attached to the implant 18,
for example, by a threaded pin 22 coupling to an implant receiving
well 24 defined within the implant 18 as shown in FIG. 1C. With the
abutment 20 secured to the implant 18, an oral appliance 26 or
dental prosthesis, such as a crown, can be secured upon the
abutment 20 by utilizing a number of securement mechanisms, such as
cement or a fastener such as a screw. Other securement mechanisms
can include interference fittings, magnets, or a combination
thereof.
[0005] Because the implant, abutment, and oral appliance are
subjected to high compressive and shear forces, proper attachment
of the oral appliance is an important step of the implantation
procedure. While cement or other adhesives are commonly used to
attach the oral appliance to the abutment, such adhesives provide
little tolerance for mistakes once the adhesive has set because of
the difficulty and expense in removing a cemented oral appliance
from the abutment. In addition, dental professionals often apply
too much cement to the area surrounding the abutment. Such excess
cement has been shown in studies to be associated with high rates
of peri-implant disease in patients receiving certain oral
appliances. See Wilson, Thomas G. The positive relationship between
excess cement and peri-implant disease: a prospective clinical
endoscopic study. Journal of Periodontology 2009: 80: 1388-1392.
Moreover, the interface between the implant and the abutment (such
as any holes or cavities for receiving screws or other type of
fasteners) can attract bacteria and result in infection.
[0006] Accordingly, there exists a need for devices and systems
which can improve the implantation procedure but also allow for the
removal and/or repositioning of the dental prosthesis without
causing unnecessary damage to the dental prosthesis. In addition,
such devices and systems should also reduce the complexity of
traditional dental implant systems and be cost-effective to
manufacture.
SUMMARY
[0007] Improved devices, systems, and methods for securing a dental
prosthesis within an oral cavity of a subject are disclosed. In one
embodiment, an implant system comprises an implantable abutment
comprising a threaded fixation portion and an abutment portion. At
least part of the threaded fixation portion can be configured to be
implanted within the alveolar bone or alveolar process of the
subject. Moreover, at least part of the abutment portion can be
configured to protrude beyond the gingiva of the subject. In some
embodiments, at least part of the threaded fixation portion and the
abutment portion can protrude out of the gingiva of the subject
when the implantable abutment is implanted within the alveolar bone
or alveolar process of the subject.
[0008] In one embodiment, the dental prosthesis can be a dental
crown. In other embodiments, the dental prosthesis can be at least
part of a bridge, partial overdenture, or a complete
overdenture.
[0009] The system can also comprise a sleeve comprising a sleeve
frame and a plurality of locking tabs. The sleeve can be configured
to fit over at least a portion of the abutment portion.
[0010] A subset of the plurality of locking tabs can be configured
to project radially inward relative to the sleeve frame to secure
the sleeve to the abutment portion.
[0011] The system can also comprise a coping comprising a coping
exterior surface configured to be adhered to the dental prosthesis.
The coping can be configured to be placed over the sleeve when the
sleeve is secured to the abutment portion. Another subset of the
plurality of locking tabs can be configured to project radially
outward relative to the sleeve frame to secure the coping to the
sleeve.
[0012] The threaded fixation portion can be defined by an exterior
tubular profile (e.g., a substantially cylindrical exterior tubular
profile). In some embodiments, the abutment portion can be set
within the exterior tubular profile such that no part of the
abutment portion exceeds a lateral boundary of the exterior tubular
profile.
[0013] The abutment portion can be angled with respect to a
longitudinal axis of the threaded fixation portion. In some
embodiments, the abutment portion can be angled with respect to the
longitudinal axis of the threaded fixation portion at an angle of
about 13 degrees. In other embodiments, the abutment portion can be
angled with respect to the longitudinal axis of the threaded
fixation portion at an angle of about 26 degrees.
[0014] The system can also comprise an insertion cap configured to
be placed over the abutment portion as part of the implantation or
installation procedure. The insertion cap can further comprise a
tool coupling feature for detachably engaging with a rotatable
drive tool used to apply torque to the implantable abutment. In
some embodiments, the insertion cap can detachably engage with at
least a portion of the threaded fixation portion.
[0015] A method of securing a dental prosthesis within an oral
cavity of a subject is also disclosed. The method can comprise
securing an implantable abutment within an oral cavity of a
subject. The implantable abutment can comprise a threaded fixation
portion and an abutment portion. At least part of the threaded
fixation portion can be implanted within the alveolar bone or
alveolar process of the subject and at least part of the abutment
portion can extend beyond the gingiva of the subject.
[0016] The method can also comprise introducing a sleeve comprising
a plurality of locking tabs on to a part of the abutment portion. A
subset of the plurality of locking tabs can project radially inward
relative to the sleeve frame to secure the sleeve to the abutment
portion. The method can also comprise introducing a coping
comprising a coping surface configured to be adhered to the dental
prosthesis on to a part of the sleeve when the sleeve is secured to
the abutment portion.
[0017] The method can also comprise capping the abutment portion
with an insertion cap as part of an implantation or installation
procedure. The method can further comprise applying torque to the
implantable abutment using a rotatable drive tool configured to
detachably engage with a tool coupling feature of the insertion
cap. The insertion cap can detachably engage with at least a
portion of the threaded fixation portion.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] FIGS. 1A to 1D illustrate partial cross-sectional profiles
of a traditional implant procedure.
[0019] FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded view of an embodiment of a
system for adjustably retaining a dental prosthesis.
[0020] FIG. 3A illustrates an abutment portion of an implantable
abutment fitting within an exterior tubular profile of the threaded
fixation portion of the implantable abutment.
[0021] FIG. 3B illustrates a sleeve and abutment portion of an
implantable abutment fitting within an exterior tubular profile of
the threaded fixation portion of the implantable abutment.
[0022] FIG. 4A illustrates an angled abutment portion of an
embodiment of an implantable abutment fitting within an exterior
tubular profile of the threaded fixation portion of the implantable
abutment.
[0023] FIG. 4B illustrates an angled abutment portion of another
embodiment of an implantable abutment fitting within an exterior
tubular profile of the threaded fixation portion of the implantable
abutment.
[0024] FIG. 5A illustrates an embodiment of an abutment portion of
the implantable abutment comprising a polygonal projection.
[0025] FIG. 5B illustrates a top plan view of the abutment portion
comprising the polygonal projection.
[0026] FIG. 5C illustrates an embodiment of an abutment portion of
the implantable abutment comprising a polygonal recess.
[0027] FIG. 6A illustrates an embodiment of an insertion cap
configured to be placed over the abutment portion of the
implantable abutment.
[0028] FIG. 6B illustrates a cross-sectional side view of the
insertion cap being placed over the abutment portion of the
implantable abutment.
[0029] FIG. 6C illustrates a cross-sectional side view of another
embodiment of the insertion cap.
[0030] FIG. 6D illustrates an insertion cap being placed over an
embodiment of the implantable abutment having an angled abutment
portion.
[0031] FIG. 6E illustrates another embodiment of the insertion cap
having a threaded engagement portion.
[0032] FIGS. 7A to 7D illustrate different thread patterns of the
threaded fixation portion of the implantable abutment.
[0033] FIGS. 8A to 8D illustrate variations of the sleeve in a
splayed configuration.
[0034] FIGS. 9A to 9B illustrate steps of a method for securing a
dental prosthesis within an oral cavity of a subject using
components of the system disclosed herein.
[0035] FIG. 10 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of a
variation of a coping covering the sleeve secured to the abutment
portion of the implantable abutment.
[0036] FIGS. 11A to 11C illustrate steps of a method for removing
the dental prosthesis from the implantable abutment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded view of an embodiment of a
system 100 for adjustably retaining a dental prosthesis 102. The
system 100 can comprise an implantable abutment 104 and a
securement sleeve 106 configured to be secured to the implantable
abutment 104. The sleeve 106 can be adjustably secured such that
the sleeve 106 can be decoupled or separated from the implantable
abutment 104 (and secured again). The system 100 can also comprise
a coping 108 configured to be adjustably secured to the securement
sleeve 106. The dental prosthesis 102 can be affixed to the coping
108 via adhesives, cement, an interference fit, or a combination
thereof.
[0038] The implantable abutment 104 can comprise a threaded
fixation portion 110 and an abutment portion 112. The abutment
portion 112 can comprise an abutment top 114, an abutment base 116,
and a substantially conical frustum 118 disposed in between the
abutment top 114 and the abutment base 116.
[0039] At least part of the threaded fixation portion 110 can be
configured to be implanted within the alveolar bone or alveolar
process of the subject when the system 100 is used to retain the
dental prosthesis 102 within the oral cavity of the subject. In
some embodiments, the threaded fixation portion 110 can be
implanted within or coupled to a pre-existing portion of a
subject's dentition, such as to a part of a root or pulp chamber of
the subject.
[0040] Moreover, at least part of the abutment portion 112 (e.g.,
the abutment top 114 and at least part or all of the abutment base
116 and the frustum 118) can be configured to protrude beyond the
gingiva or gum tissue of the subject when the threaded fixation
portion 110 is implanted within the oral cavity. The system 100 and
system components disclosed herein can be utilized in any number of
locations within the oral cavity of the subject including, for
example, along the maxilla or mandible of the subject. In addition,
while a singular instance of the implantable abutment 104 is shown
in the figures, it is contemplated by this disclosure that one
subject can have multiple instances of the implantable abutment 104
implanted within the oral cavity of the subject.
[0041] The abutment portion 112 can be directly connected to or
integrated with the threaded fixation portion 110. The abutment
portion 112 can be directly connected to or integrated with the
threaded fixation portion 110 without an intervening fastener. For
example, the abutment portion 112 can be directly connected to or
integrated with the threaded fixation portion 110 by being a shaped
or formed end of the threaded fixation portion 110 (e.g., a shaped
or formed end of a threaded screw). In other embodiments, the
abutment portion 112 can be affixed, attached, or otherwise fixedly
coupled to the threaded fixation portion 110. In these embodiments,
the abutment portion 112 can be affixed, attached, or otherwise
fixedly coupled to the threaded fixation portion 110 without an
intervening screw or fastener. When the abutment portion 112 is
connected, integrated with, or fixedly coupled to the threaded
fixation portion 110, the implantable abutment 104 can be
considered a one-piece implantable abutment.
[0042] One advantage of the abutment portion 112 being directly
connected to or integrated with the threaded fixation portion 110
is that the abutment portion 112 is less susceptible to bacterial
infection over time. Moreover, the entire implant system 100
requires less components and the complexity of the entire implant
procedure is reduced.
[0043] The securement sleeve 106 can comprise a sleeve frame 120
and a plurality of locking tabs 122 or flaps. The plurality of
locking tabs 122 can extend longitudinally along a lateral surface
of the sleeve 106. The securement sleeve 106 can be configured to
fit over or on the frustum 118 of the abutment portion 112. For
example, the securement sleeve 106 can circumferentially surround
the frustum 118 when the sleeve 106 is fitted over or placed on the
frustum 118. As will be discussed in more detail in the following
sections, a subset of the plurality of locking tabs 122 can be
configured to project radially inward relative to the sleeve frame
120 to secure the sleeve 106 to the abutment portion 112. The
sleeve 106 can be secured to the abutment portion 112 when at least
one of the plurality of locking tabs 122 physically contacts or
lodges against an abutment undercut 124 defined in between the
frustum 118 and the abutment top 114.
[0044] The implantable abutment 104 can be fabricated from or be
made in part of a number of biocompatible materials. For example,
the implantable abutment 104 can be fabricated from or be made in
part of titanium or titanium alloys, gold or gold alloys, stainless
steel, nickel-titanium alloys, nickel-chromium alloys,
cobalt-chromium alloys, or a combination thereof. The abutment
portion 112 can be sized and/or shaped to accommodate the
securement sleeve 106. The abutment portion 112 or parts thereof
can comprise features disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 9,855,120, which
is herein incorporated by reference in its entireties.
[0045] The coping 108 can be a cap or covering serving as a
platform or accommodating base for the dental prosthesis 102. The
coping 108 can be configured to be placed over the sleeve 106 when
the sleeve 106 is secured to the abutment portion 112. For example,
the interior surface of the coping 108 can be shaped or defined to
fit over or onto the abutment portion 112 or a combination of the
abutment portion 112 and the sleeve 106 secured to the abutment
portion 112. In the variation shown in FIG. 2, the coping 108 can
be shaped substantially as a thimble or frustoconic having rounded
edges. In other embodiments, the coping 108 can be shaped
substantially as a cylinder, a conic, or a polyhedron. The dental
prosthesis 102 can be affixed, attached, or otherwise coupled to a
coping exterior surface 126. The dental prosthesis 102 can be
affixed or otherwise coupled to the coping exterior surface 126 by
a biocompatible adhesive or luting agent such as resin cements,
glass-ionomer (GI) cements, resin-modified glass-ionomer cements
(RMGICs), zinc phosphate luting agents, zinc polycarboxylate luting
agents, or a combination thereof. The coping exterior surface 126
can be a smooth or unabraded surface or an etched or abraded
surface.
[0046] As will be discussed in more detail in the following
sections, a subset of the plurality of locking tabs 122 can be
configured to project radially outward relative to the sleeve frame
120 to secure the coping 108 to the sleeve 106. The sleeve 106 can
secure the coping 108 to the sleeve 106 when the sleeve 106 is
secured to the abutment portion 112 of the implantable abutment
104.
[0047] Although not shown in the figures, the system 100 can also
comprise a seal or gasket configured to be placed in between the
coping 108 and at least one of the abutment base 116 and a top
surface of the threaded fixation portion 110. The seal can serve as
a cushioning layer or interface between the coping 108 and the
abutment base 116 or the top of the threaded fixation portion 110.
The seal can be fabricated from or be made in part of any number of
biocompatible materials or biocompatible elastomers such as
silicone, polyurethane, rubber or other thermoplastic elastomers
(TPEs), or a combination thereof.
[0048] FIG. 2 also illustrates that the securement sleeve 106 can
have a low-profile configuration 128. The low-profile configuration
128 can be a formation or arrangement of the securement sleeve 106
when the locking tabs 122 are straightened or flush with respect to
a lateral surface of the sleeve frame 120. The securement sleeve
106 can also be considered to be in the low-profile configuration
128 when the locking tabs 122 do not project radially inward or
radially outward relative to the lateral surface of the sleeve
frame 120. In other variations, the securement sleeve 106 can be
considered to be in the low-profile configuration 128 when the
locking tabs 122 project less radially inward or outward relative
to the lateral surface of the sleeve frame 120 than the securement
sleeve 106 in a locking configuration 900 (see FIG. 9C).
[0049] Moreover, FIG. 2 illustrates that the sleeve can have a
sleeve height dimension 200, a base sleeve diameter 202, and a top
sleeve diameter 204. The sleeve height dimension 200 can be a
height of the securement sleeve 106 as measured from the base of
the sleeve 106 to the top of the sleeve 106 when the sleeve 106 is
in a tapered or substantially frustoconical (i.e., truncated
conical) configuration. The sleeve height dimension 200 can range
from about 2.0 mm to about 6.0 mm. More specifically, the sleeve
height dimension 200 can range from about 2.5 mm to about 5.0
mm.
[0050] The base sleeve diameter 202 can be a diameter of the
securement sleeve 106 as measured at the base of the sleeve 106
(e.g., at the base of the frustoconical-shaped sleeve). The base
sleeve diameter 202 can range from about 2.0 mm to about 4.8 mm.
More specifically, the base sleeve diameter 202 can range from
about 3.0 mm to about 4.5 mm.
[0051] The top sleeve diameter 204 can be a diameter of the
securement sleeve 106 as measured at the top of the sleeve 106
(e.g., at the top of the frustoconical shaped sleeve). The top
sleeve diameter 204 can range from about 0.5 mm to about 4.0 mm.
More specifically, the top sleeve diameter 204 can range from about
2.5 mm to about 3.5 mm.
[0052] For example, one variation of the securement sleeve 106 can
have a sleeve height dimension 200 of about 2.5 mm, a base sleeve
diameter 202 of about 3.8 mm, and a top sleeve diameter 204 of
about 3.0 mm. In some instances, this variation of the securement
sleeve 106 can be used to secure a dental prosthesis 102 configured
to replace a bicuspid, a cuspid, or an incisor.
[0053] Another variation of the securement sleeve 106 can have a
sleeve height dimension 200 of about 3.5 mm, a base sleeve diameter
202 of about 4.5 mm, and a top sleeve diameter 204 of about 4.0 mm.
In some instances, this variation of the securement sleeve 106 can
be used to secure a dental prosthesis 102 configured to replace a
molar.
[0054] In some embodiments, the dental prosthesis 102 can be a
crown. In other embodiments, the dental prosthesis 102 can be at
least part of a bridge, a partial overdenture, or a complete
overdenture. In additional embodiments, the dental prosthesis 102
can be any type of oral appliance or tooth analogue for replacing
the natural dentition of the subject.
[0055] FIG. 2 also illustrates that the abutment portion 112 can
have an abutment height 206, an abutment base diameter 208, and a
maximum frustum diameter 210. The abutment height 206 can be a
height dimension measured from the abutment base 116 to the
abutment top 114. The abutment height 206 can range from about 2.0
mm to about 8.0 mm. More specifically, the abutment height 206 can
range from about 3.0 mm to about 6.0 mm (e.g., about 3.5 mm or
about 4.0 mm).
[0056] The abutment base diameter 208 can be a maximum diameter as
measured at the abutment base 116. The abutment base diameter 208
can range from about 3.0 mm to about 5.5 mm. The maximum frustum
diameter 210 can be a diameter of the frustum 118 as measured at
the widest part of the frustum 118. The maximum frustum diameter
210 can range from about 3.0 mm to about 5.0 mm.
[0057] The threaded fixation portion 110 can have a fixation
portion height 212 and a fixation portion diameter 214. The
fixation portion height 212 can be measured from a distal end of
the threaded fixation portion 110 (e.g., a distal or terminal screw
end) to the top of the threaded fixation portion 110 or the
abutment base 116. The fixation portion height 212 can range from
about 5.0 mm to about 11.0 mm. More specifically, the fixation
portion height 212 can range from about 6.0 mm to about 10.0 mm.
The fixation portion diameter 214 can be a diameter of the threaded
fixation portion 110 as measured at the widest part of the threaded
fixation portion 110 (e.g., a maximum screw diameter). The fixation
portion diameter 214 can range from about 4.0 mm to about 6.0 mm.
The fixation portion diameter 214 can be equal to or greater than
the abutment base diameter 208 and the maximum frustum diameter
210.
[0058] The securement sleeve 106 can be fabricated from or be made
in part of a shape memory material such as a shape memory metal or
metal alloy, a shape memory polymer, or a composite thereof. In
these and other variations, the securement sleeve 106 can be
fabricated from or comprise stainless steel, nickel-titanium alloys
such as Nitinol, titanium, or a composite thereof.
[0059] FIG. 3A illustrates that the threaded fixation portion 110
can be defined by an exterior tubular profile 300. The exterior
tubular profile 300 can be used to delineate or demarcate an
exterior contour or outline of the threaded fixation portion 110.
The exterior tubular profile 300 can be a substantially cylindrical
profile. The exterior tubular profile 300 can circumferentially
adjoin or contact the exterior surface of the threaded fixation
portion 110.
[0060] The exterior tubular profile 300 can have a profile diameter
302. In some embodiments, the profile diameter 302 can be the same
or substantially equivalent to the fixation portion diameter 214.
In other embodiments, the profile diameter 302 can be slightly
larger (e.g., between about 0.01 mm to about 0.5 mm larger) than
the fixation portion diameter 214.
[0061] As shown in FIG. 3A, the entirety of the abutment portion
112 can be positioned within or otherwise encompassed by the
exterior tubular profile 300 when the exterior tubular profile 300
is longitudinally elongated or drawn out to extend past the
abutment portion 112. The entirety of the abutment portion 112 can
be circumscribed by the exterior tubular profile 300 when the
exterior tubular profile 300 is longitudinally elongated or drawn
out to extend past the abutment portion 112. In certain
embodiments, the abutment portion 112 is sized and configured such
that no part of the abutment portion 112 extends past or extends
beyond the exterior tubular profile 300 of the threaded fixation
portion 110 (i.e., no part of the abutment portion exceeds a
lateral boundary of the exterior tubular profile 300).
[0062] The profile diameter 302 can be greater than or equal to the
abutment base diameter 208. The profile diameter 302 can also be
greater than the maximum frustum diameter 210.
[0063] One advantage conferred by this design is that the
implantable abutment 104 is easier to manufacture as a
single-piece. Moreover, as will be discussed in more detail in the
following sections, an insertion cap 600 (see FIGS. 6A-6E) can be
placed over the abutment portion 112 and the implantable abutment
104 can be rotated via the insertion cap 600.
[0064] FIG. 3B illustrates that the entirety of the securement
sleeve 106 can be positioned or otherwise encompassed by the
exterior tubular profile 300 when the sleeve 106 is placed on the
frustum 118 of the abutment portion 112. In some embodiments, the
entirety of the securement sleeve 106, including the plurality of
locking tabs 122, can be positioned or otherwise encompassed by the
exterior tubular profile 300 when the sleeve 106 is placed on the
frustum 118 of the abutment portion 112 in the locking
configuration 900 (see FIG. 9C). In other embodiments, a segment of
at least one of the locking tabs 122 can extend past at least part
of the exterior tubular profile 300 when the sleeve 106 is in the
locking configuration 900.
[0065] FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate that the implantable abutment 104
can comprise an angled abutment portion 400. The angled abutment
portion 400 can be angled with respect to a thread longitudinal
axis 402 extending through the length of the threaded fixation
portion 110. More specifically, a frustum 118 of the angled
abutment portion 400 can have a frustum longitudinal axis 404
extending through the length of the frustum 118. The frustum
longitudinal axis 404 can be angled with respect to the thread
longitudinal axis 402. The angled abutment portion 400 can be
fabricated from the same material(s) as the abutment portion 112
shown in FIGS. 2, 3A and 3B.
[0066] As illustrated in FIG. 4A, the frustum longitudinal axis 404
can be angled with respect to the thread longitudinal axis 402 at a
first angle 406 (.theta..sub.1). In one example embodiment, the
first angle 406 (.theta..sub.1) can be about 26 degrees. In other
embodiments, the first angle 406 (.theta..sub.1) can be between
about 22 degrees to about 26 degrees. In additional embodiments,
the first angle 406 (.theta..sub.1) can be between about 26 degrees
to about 30 degrees.
[0067] As illustrated in FIG. 4B, the frustum longitudinal axis 404
can be angled with respect to the thread longitudinal axis 402 at a
second angle 408 (.theta..sub.2). In one example embodiment, the
second angle 408 (.theta..sub.2) can be about 13 degrees. In other
embodiments, the second angle 408 (.theta..sub.2) can be between
about 9 degrees to about 13 degrees. In other embodiments, the
second angle 408 (.theta..sub.2) can be between about 13 degrees to
about 17 degrees (e.g., about 15 degrees).
[0068] Implantable abutments 104 comprising the angled abutment
portions 400 disclosed herein are advantageous over other angled
abutment assemblies. More specifically, a one-piece implantable
abutment 104 comprising an angled abutment portion 400 angled with
respect to the threaded fixation portion 110 at either the first
angle 406 or the second angle 408 can accommodate most types of
dental prostheses and can be implanted with relative ease at
various locations within the oral cavity of the subject. Moreover,
the angled abutment portion 400 disclosed herein (defined by either
the first angle 406 or the second angle 408) can accommodate an
insertion cap 600 (see FIGS. 6A-6E) to apply torque to the
implantable abutment 104 to rotate the implantable abutment 104 in
connection with an implantation or installation procedure.
[0069] As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the entirety of the angled
abutment portion 400 can be positioned within or otherwise
encompassed by the exterior tubular profile 300 when the exterior
tubular profile 300 is longitudinally elongated or drawn out to
extend past the angled abutment portion 400. For example, the
entirety of the angled abutment portion 400 can also be
circumscribed by the exterior tubular profile 300 when the exterior
tubular profile 300 is longitudinally elongated or drawn out to
extend past the angled abutment portion 400. The angled abutment
portion 400 can be sized and configured such that no part of the
angled abutment portion 400 extends past or extends beyond the
lateral boundary of the exterior tubular profile 300 of the
threaded fixation portion 110.
[0070] FIG. 5A illustrates an embodiment of an abutment portion 112
of the implantable abutment 104 comprising a polygonal projection
500. For example, as depicted in FIG. 5A, the polygonal projection
500 can be a hexagonal projection. The polygonal projection 500 can
extend from or be positioned on the abutment top 114 of the
abutment portion 112. In other embodiments contemplated by this
disclosure, the polygonal projection 500 can be a triangular
projection, a square projection, a pentagonal projection, an
octagonal projection, or a star polygon projection. The polygonal
projection 500 can be any raised polygon shape capable of fitting
within a tool cavity 502 of a drive tool 504 configured to rotate
or transmit torque to the implantable abutment 104. The polygonal
projection 500 can be keyed to the tool cavity 502 such that the
polygonal projection 500 fits tightly within at least a portion of
the tool cavity 502.
[0071] The drive tool 504 can rotate the implantable abutment 104
when the implantable abutment 104 is being installed, positioned,
or otherwise implanted within a bore hole made in the alveolar bone
or alveolar process of the subject.
[0072] In some embodiments, the drive tool 504 can be a wrench, a
part of a dental drill, or any other device for transmitting torque
to the abutment portion 112. When the drive tool 504 comprises a
tool cavity 502 at a distal end of the drive tool 504, the drive
tool 504 can be considered an insertion tool having a female
connector or interface (e.g., a female torque wrench or female
drill bit).
[0073] FIG. 5B illustrates a top plan view of the abutment portion
112 comprising the polygonal projection 500. FIG. 5B illustrates
that the polygonal projection 500 can be substantially centered on
the abutment top 114. The polygonal projection 500 can be sized to
accommodate different sized tool cavities 502 and sized based on
the area of the abutment top 114.
[0074] Although FIGS. 5A and 5B illustrate the abutment portion 112
as having a polygonal projection 500 protruding out of the abutment
top 114, it is contemplated by this disclosure that the abutment
portion 112 can also comprise a receiving cavity 506 (e.g., a
polygonal receiving cavity 506) as illustrated in FIG. 5C.
[0075] The receiving cavity 506 can be any sunken or recessed
shapes or slots defined along the abutment top 114. For example, as
shown in FIG. 5C, the receiving cavity 506 can be a polygonal
receiving cavity such as a hexagonal receiving cavity. In other
embodiments, the receiving cavity 506 can be a triangular receiving
cavity or recess, a square receiving cavity or recess, a pentagonal
receiving cavity or recess, an octagonal receiving cavity or
recess, or a star polygon receiving cavity or recess. In these
embodiments, the drive tool 504 can comprise a projection rather
than a tool cavity 502 at a distal end of the drive tool 504. The
projection can be keyed or paired with the shape of the polygonal
receiving cavity 506. When the drive tool 504 comprises a tool
projection at the distal end of the drive tool 504, the drive tool
504 can be considered an insertion tool having a male connector or
interface (e.g., a male torque wrench or male drill bit). In some
embodiments, the drive tool 504 can be a dental screwdriver bit
(see, for example, FIG. 6A).
[0076] FIG. 6A illustrates an insertion cap 600 configured to be
placed over the abutment portion 112 of the implantable abutment
104. The insertion cap 600 can completely cover the abutment
portion 112 when the insertion cap 600 is placed over the abutment
portion 112. In other embodiments, the insertion cap 600 can
partially cover the abutment portion 112 when the insertion cap 600
is placed over the abutment portion 112. The insertion cap 600 can
be used to transmit torque to the implantable abutment 104 as the
implantable abutment 104 is being installed or implanted within the
alveolar bone or alveolar process of the subject. The insertion cap
600 can be included as part of the dental implant system disclosed
herein.
[0077] The insertion cap 600 can comprise a cap brim 602 or a cap
base. The cap brim 602 can extend radially outward beyond a lateral
surface (e.g., the tapered surface) of the insertion cap 600. As
will be discussed in more detail in the following sections, one or
more features defined along the cap brim 602 or the cap base can
engage with one or more catches or protuberances 604 extending or
rising out of a rim portion 606 of the threaded fixation portion
110.
[0078] The insertion cap 600 can also comprise a tool coupling
feature 608 for detachably engaging with a rotatable drive tool
504. The rotatable drive tool 504 can be used to apply torque to
rotate the implantable abutment 104 during the implantation or
installation procedure.
[0079] In some embodiments, the tool coupling feature 608 can be a
receiving cavity (e.g., a polygonal receiving cavity) or a slot for
receiving a rotatable drive tool 504 having a male connector or
interface positioned at a distal end of the rotatable drive tool
504 (e.g., a screwdriver bit or blade tip, a polygonal projection,
etc.). In other embodiments, the tool coupling feature 608 can be a
projection such as a polygonal projection for detachably engaging
with a tool cavity defined at a distal end of the rotatable drive
tool 504.
[0080] FIG. 6B illustrates that one or more depressions 610 or
recesses defined along an underside of the cap brim 602 or the cap
base can fit tightly over the one or more protuberances 604
extending out of the rim portion 606 of the threaded fixation
portion 110. In other embodiments contemplated by this disclosure,
the protuberances 604 can extend out of or be defined along a
rimmed surface of the abutment base 116.
[0081] In some embodiments, the protuberances 604 can be
dome-shaped, hemispherical, cuboid, partially-ovoid, frustoconical,
or a combination thereof. The depression 610 or recess defined
along the underside of the cap brim 602 or cap base can correspond
to or accommodate the shape or size of the protuberance 604. For
example, the depression 610 or recess can also be dome-shaped,
hemispherical, cuboid, partially-ovoid, or frustoconical. The
protuberances 604 can key into the depressions 610 or recesses to
temporarily engage the insertion cap 600 with the abutment portion
112. Once engaged, a rotatable drive tool 504 can be used to rotate
the implantable abutment 104.
[0082] Although FIGS. 6A and 6B show the implantable abutment 104
having two protuberances 604, it is contemplated by this disclosure
that the implantable abutment 104 can comprise three, four, five,
six, seven, or eight or more protuberances 604.
[0083] Moreover, although FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate the
protuberances 604 defined along the rim portion 606 of the threaded
fixation portion 110, it is contemplated by this disclosure that
the protuberances 604 can be affixed or extend out of an underside
of the cap brim 602 of the insertion cap 600. In this embodiment,
the rim portion 606 of the threaded fixation portion 110 can be
defined by a number of recesses or depressions similar to the
depressions 610 defined along the cap brim 602 in FIG. 6B. The
protuberances 604 extending from the insertion cap 600 can key into
the depressions or recesses defined along the rim portion 606 of
the threaded fixation portion 110 or a rim surface along the
abutment base 116. In all such embodiments, the insertion cap 600
can be used to temporarily engage with or interlock with the
implantable abutment 104 so that torque can be transmitted to the
implantable abutment 104 using a drive tool 504.
[0084] FIG. 6C illustrates a cross-sectional side view of another
embodiment of the insertion cap 600. In this embodiment, the
insertion cap 600 can comprise a narrow cap opening 612 or a
constricted interior portion. The insertion cap 600 having the
narrow cap opening 612 or the constricted interior portion can
engage with the abutment portion 112, the top of the threaded
fixation portion 110, or a combination thereof by seizing or
clasping onto a segment or portion of the implantable abutment 104
when the insertion cap 600 is pushed or otherwise forcibly biased
on to the implantable abutment 104. For example, the narrow cap
opening 612 or the constricted interior portion of the insertion
cap 600 can seize or clasp onto a top portion of the threaded
fixation portion 110, the abutment base 116, or a transition
portion 614 (see FIG. 6D) in between the threaded fixation portion
110 and the abutment base 116.
[0085] As will be discussed in more detail in the following
sections, in some embodiments, at least part of the threaded
fixation portion 110 and the abutment portion 112 can protrude out
of the gingiva of the subject when the implantable abutment 104 is
securely implanted or installed within the alveolar bone or
alveolar process of the subject. This allows the insertion cap 600
to seize or clasp onto at least a portion of the threaded fixation
portion 110 in proximity to the abutment portion 112. When the
embodiment of the insertion cap 600 shown in FIG. 6C is placed over
or onto the abutment portion 112, a rotatable drive tool 504 can be
used to apply torque to the implantable abutment 104 via the
insertion cap 600.
[0086] FIG. 6D illustrates an insertion cap 600 being placed over
an embodiment of the implantable abutment 104 having an angled
abutment portion 400 (e.g., having an angle of about 13 degrees or
26 degrees as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B). In some instances, the
implantable abutment 104 having the angled abutment portion 400 can
be used when part of the subject's jawbone directly underneath the
tooth to be replaced is damaged or diseased. In other instances,
the implantable abutment 104 having the angled abutment portion 400
can be used to support crowns or other oral prosthesis designed to
replace incisor teeth such as one or more lateral incisors or
central incisors. In certain circumstances, implants having angled
abutments can be preferred over implants having non-angled
abutments in order to properly align the oral prosthesis with the
subject's adjacent dentition.
[0087] As illustrated in FIG. 6D, the insertion cap 600 can
completely cover the angled abutment portion 400. A drive tool 504
(e.g., a wrench, a screwdriver, a drill, or portions thereof) can
then be used to apply torque to the implantable abutment 104 having
the angled abutment portion 400 once the insertion cap 600 is
placed over or on top of the angled abutment portion 400. For
example, depressions 610 or recesses defined along the cap brim 602
or the cap base can engage or interlock with protuberances 604
defined along the rim portion 606 of the threaded fixation portion
110 or a rim surface of the abutment base 116. In some embodiments,
the protuberances 604 can be tilted or angled with respect to a
longitudinal axis extending through the threaded fixation portion
110. In other embodiments, the protuberances 604 can extend
parallel to a longitudinal axis extending through the threaded
fixation portion 110. Moreover, in alternative embodiments not
shown in the figures but contemplated by this disclosure, the
insertion cap 600 can have protuberances 604 extending out from
under the cap brim 602 or from the cap base to engage with
depressions or recesses defined along the rim portion 606 or the
abutment base 116.
[0088] FIG. 6E illustrates another embodiment of the insertion cap
600 having a threaded engagement portion 616. The threaded
engagement portion 616 can refer to a thread pattern or threaded
surface defined circumferentially within the interior of the
insertion cap 600. In this embodiment, the insertion cap 600 can be
screwed on to a top portion of the threaded fixation portion 110.
Once the insertion cap 600 is screwed on to at least part of the
threaded fixation portion 110, a rotatable drive tool 504 can be
used to apply torque to the entire assembly comprising the
insertion cap 600 and the implantable abutment 104. Once the
implantable abutment 104 is secured within the alveolar bone or
alveolar process of the subject, the insertion cap 600 can be
rotated in the opposite rotational direction to remove the
insertion cap 600 from the implantable abutment 104.
[0089] FIGS. 7A-7D illustrate that the threaded fixation portion
110 can be defined by different thread patterns or forms. As
illustrated in FIG. 7A, the threaded fixation portion 110 can be
defined by a V-shaped thread pattern 700 having substantially
symmetrical sides inclined at substantially equivalent angles.
[0090] FIG. 7B illustrates that the threaded fixation portion 110
can also be defined by a square-shaped thread pattern 702 having
symmetrical sides substantially perpendicular to the thread
longitudinal axis 402. Moreover, FIGS. 7C and 7D illustrate that
the threaded fixation portion 110 can further be defined by a
buttress-thread pattern 704 or a reverse buttress-thread pattern
704, respectively. Screws or implants comprising the
buttress-thread pattern 704 or the reverse buttress-thread pattern
704 can have non-symmetrical sides and can sometimes be more stable
upon implantation than screws or implants having the V-shaped
thread pattern 700 or the square-shaped thread pattern 702.
[0091] The threaded fixation portion 110 can be fabricated from or
be made in part of titanium or titanium alloys. For example, the
threaded fixation portion 110 can be fabricated from or be made in
part of grade 1, 2, or 4 titanium or another dental-grade titanium.
More specifically, the threaded fixation portion can be fabricated
from or be made in part of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy (e.g., 6% Al and
4% Va), titanium zirconium alloy (such as TiZr1317, e.g., titanium
zirconium alloy with 13%-17% zirconium).
[0092] FIGS. 8A to 8D illustrate variations of the securement
sleeve 106 in a splayed or flattened configuration. As shown in
FIGS. 8A to 8D, the locking tabs 122 can have differing length
dimensions. FIG. 8A illustrates that a variation of the securement
sleeve 106 can have eight total locking tabs 122 with four inward
tabs 800 and four outward tabs 802. The locking tabs 122 can be
arranged in an alternating manner with each inward tab 800 adjacent
to two outward tabs 802 and each outward tab 802 adjacent to two
inward tabs 800. FIG. 8A also illustrates that the outward tabs 802
can include a first outward tab 804 and a second outward tab 806.
The first outward tab 804 can be separated from the second outward
tab 806 by an inward tab 800.
[0093] Additionally, the sleeve frame 120 can have a bottom edge
808. The bottom edge 808 can be defined by one or more cutouts 810
along the bottom edge 808. The cutouts 810 can be shaped
substantially as half or partial-circles, half or partial-ovals,
rectangles, triangles, trapezoids, or a combination thereof. The
cutouts 810 or grooves can allow the sleeve 106 to more easily fold
or curl into the tapered shape (see, e.g., FIGS. 2, 3B, 9B, and
11C) a cylindrical shape, or any other shape.
[0094] The first outward tab 804 can have a first length dimension
812 and the second outward tab 806 can have a second length
dimension 814. The first length dimension 812 can be a longitudinal
length of the first outward tab 804. The first length dimension 812
can be measured from the base of the first outward tab 804 to the
tip or terminal end of the first outward tab 804. The base of the
first outward tab 804 can be the portion of the first outward tab
804 connected to an upper portion 816 of the sleeve frame 120.
[0095] The second length dimension 814 can be a longitudinal length
of the second outward tab 806. The second length dimension 814 can
be measured from the base of the second outward tab 806 to the tip
or terminal end of the second outward tab 806. The base of the
second outward tab 806 can be the portion of the second outward tab
806 connected to the upper portion 816 of the sleeve frame 120.
[0096] The second length dimension 814 can be greater than the
first length dimension 812. The difference between the second
length dimension 814 and the first length dimension 812 can be
between about 0.10 mm and about 2.0 mm. Also, for example, the
difference between the second length dimension 814 and the first
length dimension 812 can be between about 0.01 mm and about 0.10
mm. FIG. 8A illustrates that the sleeve 106 can have two outward
tabs 802 having the first length dimension 812 and two other
outward tabs 802 having the second length dimension 814. In the
variation shown in FIG. 8A, the inward tabs 800 can have the same
or substantially equivalent length dimension. In other variations
not shown in the figures but contemplated by this disclosure, the
inward tabs 800 can have differing length dimensions. Each of the
inward tabs 800 can have a gap portion 818 defined along the upper
portion 816 of the sleeve frame 120 at the terminal end of the
inward tabs 800.
[0097] In other embodiments, the second length dimension 814 can be
equal to or substantially equivalent to the first length dimension
812.
[0098] FIG. 8B illustrates another variation of the securement
sleeve 106 comprising inward tabs 800 having a first inward tab 820
and a second inward tab 822. The first inward tab 820 can be
separated from the second inward tab 822 by an outward tab 802.
[0099] The first inward tab 820 can have a first length dimension
824 and the second inward tab 822 can have a second length
dimension 826. The first length dimension 824 can be a longitudinal
length of the first inward tab 820. The first length dimension 824
can be measured from the base of the first inward tab 820 to the
tip or terminal end of the first inward tab 820. The base of the
first inward tab 820 can be the portion of the first inward tab 820
connected to the lower portion 830 of the sleeve frame 120.
[0100] The second length dimension 826 can be a longitudinal length
of the second inward tab 822. The second length dimension 826 can
be measured from the base of the second inward tab 822 to the tip
or terminal end of the second inward tab 822. The base of the
second inward tab 822 can be the portion of the second inward tab
822 connected to the lower portion 830 of the sleeve frame 120.
[0101] The second length dimension 826 can be greater than the
first length dimension 824. The difference between the second
length dimension 826 and the first length dimension 824 can be
between about 0.10 mm and 2.0 mm. The difference between the second
length dimension 826 and the first length dimension 824 can be
between about 0.01 mm and about 0.10 mm. FIG. 8B illustrates that
the securement sleeve 106 can have two inward tabs 800 having the
first length dimension 824 and two other inward tabs 800 having the
second length dimension 826. In the variation shown in FIG. 8B, the
outward tabs 802 can have the same or substantially equivalent
length dimension. In other variations not shown in the figures but
contemplated by this disclosure, the outward tabs 802 can have
differing length dimensions. Each of the inward tabs 800, including
the first inward tab 820 and the second inward tab 822, can have a
gap portion 818 defined along the upper portion 816 of the sleeve
frame 120 at the terminal end of the inward tabs 800.
[0102] FIG. 8C illustrates that another variation of the sleeve 106
can have nine total locking tabs 122 with three inward tabs 800 and
six outward tabs 802. The locking tabs 122 can be arranged so that
each inward tab 800 is adjacent to two outward tabs 802 and each
outward tab 802 is adjacent to one inward tab 800 and one other
outward tab 802. FIG. 8C also illustrates that the outward tabs 802
can comprise a first outward tab 832 and a second outward tab
834.
[0103] The first outward tab 832 can have a first length dimension
836 and the second outward tab 834 can have a second length
dimension 838. The first length dimension 836 can be a longitudinal
length of the first outward tab 832. The first length dimension 836
can be measured from the base of the first outward tab 832 to the
tip or terminal end of the first outward tab 832. The base of the
first outward tab 832 can be the portion of the first outward tab
832 connected to the upper portion 816 of the sleeve frame 120.
[0104] The second length dimension 838 can be a longitudinal length
of the second outward tab 834. The second length dimension 838 can
be measured from the base of the second outward tab 834 to the tip
or terminal end of the second outward tab 834. The base of the
second outward tab 834 can be the portion of the second outward tab
834 connected to the upper portion 816 of the sleeve frame 120.
[0105] The second length dimension 838 can be greater than the
first length dimension 836. The difference between the second
length dimension 838 and the first length dimension 836 can be
between about 0.10 mm and 2.0 mm. The difference between the second
length dimension 838 and the first length dimension 836 can be
between about 0.01 mm and 0.10 mm. FIG. 8C illustrates that the
sleeve 106 can have three outward tabs 802 having the first length
dimension 836 and three other outward tabs 802 having the second
length dimension 838. In the variation shown in FIG. 8C, the inward
tabs 800 can have the same or substantially equivalent length
dimension. In other variations not shown in the figures but
contemplated by this disclosure, the inward tabs 800 can have
differing length dimensions. Each of the inward tabs 800 can have a
gap portion 818 defined along the upper portion 816 of the sleeve
frame 120 at the terminal end of the inward tabs 800.
[0106] FIG. 8D illustrates that another variation of the securement
sleeve 106 can comprise nine total locking tabs 122 with three
inward tabs 800 and six outward tabs 802. In the variation shown in
FIG. 8D, the locking tabs 122 can be arranged such that each inward
tab 800 is adjacent to two outward tabs 802 and each outward tab
802 is adjacent to one inward tab 800 and one other outward tab
802. FIG. 8D also illustrates that the outward tabs 802 can
comprise a first outward tab 840, a second outward tab 842, and a
third outward tab 844.
[0107] The first outward tab 840 can have a first length dimension
846, the second outward tab 842 can have a second length dimension
848, and the third outward tab 844 can have a third length
dimension 850. The first length dimension 846, the second length
dimension 848, and the third length dimension 850 can be
longitudinal lengths of the first outward tab 840, the second
outward tab 842, and the third outward tab 844, respectively.
[0108] The first length dimension 846 can be measured from the base
of the first outward tab 840 to the tip or terminal end of the
first outward tab 840. The base of the first outward tab 840 can be
the portion of the first outward tab 840 connected to the upper
portion 816 of the sleeve frame 120. The second length dimension
848 can be measured from the base of the second outward tab 842 to
the tip or terminal end of the second outward tab 842. The base of
the second outward tab 842 can be the portion of the second outward
tab 842 connected to the upper portion 816 of the sleeve frame
120.
[0109] The third length dimension 850 can be measured from the base
of the third outward tab 844 to the tip or terminal end of the
third outward tab 844. The base of the third outward tab 844 can be
the portion of the third outward tab 844 connected to the upper
portion 816 of the sleeve frame 120.
[0110] The third length dimension 850 can be greater than the first
length dimension 846 but less than the second length dimension 848.
The difference between the second length dimension 848 and the
first length dimension 846 can be between about 0.10 mm and about
4.0 mm. The difference between the second length dimension 848 and
the first length dimension 846 can also be between about 0.01 mm
and about 0.10 mm. FIG. 8D illustrates that the securement sleeve
106 can have two outward tabs 802 having the first length dimension
846, another two outward tabs 802 having the second length
dimension 848, and yet another two outward tabs 802 having the
third length dimension 850. In the variation shown in FIG. 8D, the
inward tabs 800 can have the same or substantially equivalent
length dimension. In other variations not shown in the figures but
contemplated by this disclosure, the inward tabs 800 can have
differing length dimensions. Each of the inward tabs 800 can have a
gap portion 818 defined along the upper portion 816 of the sleeve
frame 120 at the terminal end of the inward tabs 800.
[0111] Although not shown in the figures, another variation of the
sleeve 106 is contemplated by this disclosure that can have nine
total locking tabs 122 with three inward tabs 800 and six outward
tabs 802. The locking tabs 122 can be arranged so that each inward
tab 800 is adjacent to two outward tabs 802 and each outward tab
802 adjacent to one inward tab 800 and one other outward tab 802.
The outward tabs 802 can include a first outward tab, a second
outward tab, and a third outward tab.
[0112] The first outward tab can have a first length dimension, the
second outward tab can have a second length dimension, and the
third outward tab can have a third length dimension. The first
length dimension, the second length dimension, and the third length
dimension can be longitudinal lengths of the first outward tab, the
second outward tab, and the third outward tab, respectively.
[0113] The first length dimension can be measured from the base of
the first outward tab to the tip or terminal end of the first
outward tab. The base of the first outward tab can be the portion
of the first outward tab connected to the upper portion 816 of the
sleeve frame 120. The second length dimension can be measured from
the base of the second outward tab to the tip or terminal end of
the second outward tab. The base of the second outward tab can be
the portion of the second outward tab connected to the upper
portion 816 of the sleeve frame 120.
[0114] The third length dimension can be measured from the base of
the third outward tab to the tip or terminal end of the third
outward tab. The base of the third outward tab can be the portion
of the third outward tab connected to the upper portion 816 of the
sleeve frame 120.
[0115] The third length dimension can be greater than the second
length dimension and the second length dimension can be greater
than the first length dimension. The difference between the second
length dimension and the first length dimension can be between
about 0.10 mm and 2.0 mm. The difference between the third length
dimension and the second length dimension can be between about 0.10
mm and 2.0 mm. The securement sleeve 106 can have two outward tabs
802 having the first length dimension, another two outward tabs 802
having the second length dimension, and two additional outward tabs
802 having the third length dimension. In one variation, the inward
tabs 800 can have the same or substantially equivalent length
dimension. In other variations, the inward tabs 800 can have
differing length dimensions. Each of the inward tabs 800 can have a
gap portion 818 defined along the upper portion 816 of the sleeve
frame 120 at the terminal end of the inward tabs 800.
[0116] Although several variations of the sleeve 106 having
different number and arrangement of locking tabs 122 are shown, it
should be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that other
variations of the sleeve 106 are contemplated by this disclosure
including sleeves 106 having less than eight locking tabs 122 or
more than nine locking tabs 122. In addition, it is contemplated by
this disclosure that all of the locking tabs 122 of a singular
sleeve 106 can have a different length dimension and none of the
locking tabs 122 of this singular sleeve 106 can be of the same or
equivalent lengths.
[0117] FIGS. 9A to 9B illustrate steps of a method for securing a
dental prosthesis 102 within an oral cavity of a subject using
components of the system 100 disclosed herein. FIG. 9A illustrates
that a one-piece implantable abutment 104 comprising an integrated
or combined abutment portion 112 and threaded fixation portion 110
can be installed or otherwise implanted within the alveolar bone or
alveolar process of the subject. In some embodiments, the abutment
portion 112 can be a substantially straight abutment portion. In
other embodiments, the abutment portion 112 can be an angled
abutment portion 400 (see FIGS. 4A and 4B).
[0118] During the installation or implantation step, an insertion
cap 600 can be placed over or onto the abutment portion 112 to
allow a drive tool 504 to apply torque to the implantable abutment
104 during the implantation procedure. In alternative embodiments,
a connector or tool bit disposed at a distal end of the drive tool
504 can engage directly with a projection or cavity/recess defined
along an abutment top 114. The insertion cap 600 can be removed
from the implantable abutment 104 once the implantable abutment 104
is secured within the oral cavity of the subject.
[0119] At least part of the abutment portion 112 of the implantable
abutment 104 can protrude out of the gingiva of the subject when
the implantable abutment 104 is secured within the alveolar bone or
alveolar process of the subject. In some embodiments, the abutment
portion 112 and at least part of the threaded fixation portion 110
can protrude out of the gingiva of the subject when the implantable
abutment is implanted within the alveolar bone or alveolar process
of the subject.
[0120] FIG. 9B illustrates that a securement sleeve 106 comprising
a plurality of locking tabs 122 can be introduced onto a frustum
118 of the abutment portion 112 of the implantable abutment 104.
The securement sleeve 106 can be in a locking configuration 900
when introduced onto the abutment portion 112.
[0121] The sleeve 106 can be any of the sleeves 106 shown in FIGS.
2, 3B, and 8A-8D. The sleeve 106 can have locking tabs 122 of
differing lengths such as any of the locking tabs 122 depicted in
FIGS. 8A-8D. The sleeve 106 can be in the locking configuration 900
when one or more inward tabs 800 project radially inward relative
to the sleeve frame 120. The inward tabs 800 can lock against a tab
end receiving surface 1008 of an abutment overhang portion 1006
(see FIG. 10) of the abutment portion 112. The bottom edge of the
sleeve frame 120 can also push against a rimmed or edge portion of
the abutment base 116 to couple or secure the sleeve 106 to the
abutment portion 112. FIG. 9B also illustrates that one or more
outward tabs 802 can project radially outward relative to the
sleeve frame 120 when the sleeve 106 is in the locking
configuration 900.
[0122] As illustrated in FIG. 9B, a dental prosthesis 102 (e.g., a
crown) can be coupled to a coping 108 configured to be placed onto
the sleeve 106 configured in the locking configuration 900 (and
secured to the abutment portion 112). In some embodiments, the
coping 108 can already be adhered or otherwise affixed to the
dental prosthesis 102 via luting agents or other type of adhesives.
In other embodiments, the coping 108 can first be put on the sleeve
106 and the dental prosthesis 102 can be adhered or affixed to a
coping exterior surface when the coping 108 is positioned on the
abutment portion 112. As will be discussed in more detail in the
following sections, the outward tabs 802 of the securement sleeve
106 can physically push or wedge against a tab receiving surface
1004 of a coping undercut 1000 (see FIG. 10) to lock the coping 108
to the securement sleeve 106. Once the outward tabs 802 have locked
the coping 108 to the sleeve 106, the coping 108 (and the dental
prosthesis 102 adhered or otherwise affixed to the coping 108) can
be prevented from being inadvertently displaced (e.g., vertically
displaced) from the abutment portion 112 of the implantable
abutment 104.
[0123] FIG. 10 illustrates a cross-sectional side view of a
variation of a coping 108 covering a sleeve 106 secured to the
abutment portion 112 of the implantable abutment 104. As shown in
the example embodiment of FIG. 10, the sleeve 106 is in the locking
configuration 900 when secured to the abutment portion 112 of the
implantable abutment 104.
[0124] FIG. 10 illustrates that the coping 108 can comprise a
coping undercut 1000 defined along or otherwise set into a coping
inner surface 1002. The coping inner surface 1002 can be a tapered
underside surface of the coping 108. The coping inner surface 1002
can surround and be in physical contact with an exterior surface of
the sleeve 106 including portions of the sleeve frame 120 and the
locking tabs 122.
[0125] The coping undercut 1000 can be an annular, partial-annular,
or disk-shaped groove or indentation extending radially into the
coping inner surface 1002. The coping undercut 1000 can be defined
along a lower portion or lower half of the coping 108 near a base
of the coping 108. The coping undercut 1000 can extend
circumferentially around the coping inner surface 1002.
[0126] The coping undercut 1000 can comprise a tab receiving
surface 1004. In some embodiments, the tab receiving surface 1004
can be a straight or substantially horizontal surface or edge. In
other embodiments, the tab receiving surface 1004 can be curved or
filleted edge having a radius. In further embodiments, the tab
receiving surface 1004 can be a chamfered or angled surface or
edge. In certain variations, the tab receiving surface 1004 can be
an abraded or friction-inducing surface.
[0127] As illustrated in FIG. 10, one or more outward tabs 802 can
lock against the coping undercut 1000. The outward tabs 802 of the
securement sleeve 106 can lock against the coping undercut 1000.
The outward tabs 802 can lock against the coping undercut 1000 when
the terminal or distal ends of the outward tabs 802 pushes against
or contacts the tab receiving surface 1004 of the coping undercut
1000. The outward tabs 802 can lock against the coping undercut
1000 to prevent the coping 108 from being inadvertently displaced
(e.g., longitudinally displaced) from the implantable abutment 104.
One benefit of the securement sleeve 106 having locking tabs 122 of
differing lengths is to provide tolerance for mistakes committed by
the dental practitioner in placing the coping 108 onto the abutment
portion 112.
[0128] As illustrated in FIG. 10, the abutment portion 112 can
comprise an abutment overhang portion 1006 and an abutment undercut
124 adjoining the abutment overhang portion 1006. The abutment
overhang portion 1006 can be an overhang or annular or cornice-like
structure protruding radially outward relative to a lateral
(tapered) surface of the frustum 118. The abutment overhang portion
1006 can be positioned in proximity to the abutment top 114. The
abutment undercut 124 can be an annular, partial-annular, or
disk-shaped groove or indentation extending radially inward
relative to a lateral (tapered) surface of the frustum 118.
[0129] The abutment overhang portion 1006 can comprise a tab end
receiving surface 1008. The tab end receiving surface 1008 can be
an edge or surface defined in proximity to the abutment undercut
124. The tab end receiving surface 1008 can be a chamfered,
beveled, pitched, or sloped edge or surface. The tab end receiving
surface 1008 can act as a receiving surface for contacting a
terminal or distal end of the inward tabs 800 of the securement
sleeve 106. The tab end receiving surface 1008 can offer or present
a surface aligned with the terminal or distal ends of the inward
tabs 800 as the inward tabs 800 curve or bend radially inward
relative to the sleeve frame 120.
[0130] In other embodiments not shown in the figures, the tab end
receiving surface 1008 can be a substantially flat or horizontal
edge or surface. In these and other embodiments, the tab end
receiving surface 1008 can be an abraded or friction-inducing
surface or comprise a friction-inducing coating or surface
treatment.
[0131] As shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of inward tabs 800 can lock
against the tab end receiving surface 1008 when the terminal or
distal ends of the inward tabs 800 pushes against or physically
contacts the tab end receiving surface 1008 when the securement
sleeve 106 is in the locking configuration 900. When the plurality
of inward tabs 800 are locked against the tab end receiving surface
1008 of the abutment overhang portion 1006, the securement sleeve
106 can be considered locked onto the abutment portion 112 such
that the sleeve 106 does not become inadvertently displaced (e.g.,
longitudinally displaced) from the abutment portion 112.
[0132] The abutment undercut 124 can facilitate the proper locking
of the securement sleeve 106 to the abutment portion 112. For
example, the extra space provided by the abutment undercut 124 can
allow the terminal or distal ends of the inward tabs 800 to contact
or push against the tab end receiving surface 1008 without the
lateral surface of the frustum 118 deflecting the inward tabs 800
away from the abutment overhang portion 1006. Moreover, the
abutment undercut 124 can prevent the lateral surface of the
frustum 118 from deflecting or pushing the inward tabs 800 away
from the abutment overhang portion 1006 as a result of forces
exerted on the subject's dental prosthesis 102, securement sleeve
106, or implantable abutment 104 during normal wear. Another
benefit of the securement sleeve 106 having locking tabs 122 of
differing lengths is to provide tolerance for mistakes committed by
the dental practitioner in placing the securement sleeve 106 onto
the abutment portion 112.
[0133] FIGS. 11A to 11C illustrate steps of a method for removing
the dental prosthesis 102 from the implantable abutment 104. FIG.
11A illustrates that an actuator unit 1100 can be used to actuate
the locking tabs 122 of the securement sleeve 106 underneath the
dental prosthesis 102 to change the configuration of the securement
sleeve 106 from the locking configuration 900 (see FIG. 9B) to the
low-profile configuration 128.
[0134] The actuator unit 1100 can be a handheld or portable unit.
The actuator unit 1100 can comprise an actuator head 1102 and an
actuator handle 1104. The actuator unit 1100 can also comprise or
be connected to a power source (not shown in the figures).
[0135] FIG. 11B illustrates that the actuator head 1102 of the
actuator unit 1100 can be placed over or on top of the dental
prosthesis 102. The actuator unit 1100 can comprise an inductive
heating assembly comprising a controller-like variable output
oscillator circuit, a conductor, and one or more coils set apart in
apposition and at a distance from one another. The controller-like
variable output oscillator circuit can be coupled to the conductor
and the coils. The distance or gap between the coils can define a
receiving channel which can be sized to be positioned over the
dental prosthesis 102 (e.g., the crown) shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B.
When the entire stack comprising the dental prosthesis 102, the
coping 108, the securement sleeve 106, and the abutment portion 112
of the implantable abutment 104 are positioned within the receiving
channel of the actuator head 1102, the controller-like variable
output oscillator circuit can send an alternating current through
the conductor to the coils to generate an alternating magnetic
field between the coils. The alternating magnetic field can cause
eddy currents to form in at least part of the coping 108, the
securement sleeve 106, the abutment portion 112, or a combination
thereof. The eddy currents can cause at least part of the coping
108, the securement sleeve 106, the abutment portion 112, or a
combination thereof to heat up, thereby activating the shape memory
material of the locking tabs 122 to initiate their shape change and
cause the sleeve 106 to actuate into the low-profile configuration
128 (see FIG. 11C).
[0136] The frequency of the alternating current and the magnetic
field can be set between about 1 kHz and about 1 MHz, depending on
the size and configuration of the locking tabs 122 and the
activation time. In some embodiments, the power consumption can
range between about 1 W to about 150 W. The induction heating
assembly can be the induction heating assembly described in U.S.
Pat. No. 9,168,111, which is herein incorporated by reference in
its entirety. The actuator head 1102 can also comprise a disposable
or one-time use tip for covering or protecting the actuator head
1102.
[0137] As illustrated in FIG. 11C, once the securement sleeve 106
is actuated into the low-profile configuration 128, the coping 108
coupled to the dental prosthesis 102 (e.g., the crown) can be
uncoupled or lifted off of the sleeve 106 and the abutment portion
112.
[0138] The securement sleeve 106 can be fabricated from or made in
part of a shape memory material (e.g., Nitinol). The sleeve 106 in
the tapered frustoconical configuration can be heat treated when
formed into the low-profile configuration 128 to retain the shape
memory of the low-profile configuration 128 with all of the locking
tabs 122 collapsed or flush with the lateral surface of the sleeve
frame 120. In some embodiments, the sleeve 106 can then be allowed
to cool and manually formed into the locking configuration 900.
[0139] As previously shown in FIG. 9B, the sleeve 106 can be locked
onto the abutment portion 112 of the implantable abutment 104 when
the sleeve 106 is in the locking configuration 900. A coping 108
(with or without the dental prosthesis 102 attached) can then be
placed on top of or over the sleeve 106 secured to the abutment
portion 112 to lock the coping 108 to the abutment portion 112.
[0140] When the time comes for a dental professional to remove the
dental prosthesis 102 from the abutment portion 112, the sleeve 106
can be heated beyond a threshold temperature (e.g., the shape
memory transformation temperature of the sleeve 106) using the
actuator unit 1100 and the sleeve 106 can once again return to its
low-profile configuration 128 to allow the coping 108 (and the
dental prosthesis 102 attached to the coping 108) to be lifted off
the sleeve 106 and the abutment portion 112. In these embodiments,
the sleeve 106 can return to the locking configuration 900 by
actively cooling the sleeve 106 or when the temperature of the
sleeve 106 falls below a threshold temperature.
[0141] A number of embodiments have been described. Nevertheless,
it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that
various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit
and scope of the embodiments. In addition, the flowcharts or logic
flows depicted in the figures do not require the particular order
shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In
addition, other steps or operations may be provided, or steps or
operations may be eliminated, from the described flows, and other
components may be added to, or removed from, the described systems.
Accordingly, other embodiments are within the scope of the
following claims.
[0142] Each of the individual variations or embodiments described
and illustrated herein has discrete components and features which
may be readily separated from or combined with the features of any
of the other variations or embodiments. Modifications may be made
to adapt a particular situation, material, composition of matter,
process, process act(s) or step(s) to the objective(s), spirit or
scope of the present invention.
[0143] Methods recited herein may be carried out in any order of
the recited events that is logically possible, as well as the
recited order of events. Moreover, additional steps or operations
may be provided or steps or operations may be eliminated to achieve
the desired result.
[0144] Furthermore, where a range of values is provided, every
intervening value between the upper and lower limit of that range
and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is
encompassed within the invention. Also, any optional feature of the
inventive variations described may be set forth and claimed
independently, or in combination with any one or more of the
features described herein.
[0145] All existing subject matter mentioned herein (e.g.,
publications, patents, and patent applications) is incorporated by
reference herein in its entirety except insofar as the subject
matter may conflict with that of the present invention (in which
case what is present herein shall prevail). The referenced items
are provided solely for their disclosure prior to the filing date
of the present application. Nothing herein is to be construed as an
admission that the present invention is not entitled to antedate
such material by virtue of prior invention.
[0146] Reference to a singular item, includes the possibility that
there are plural of the same items present. More specifically, as
used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms "a,"
"an," "said" and "the" include plural referents unless the context
clearly dictates otherwise. It is further noted that the claims may
be drafted to exclude any optional element. As such, this statement
is intended to serve as antecedent basis for use of such exclusive
terminology as "solely," "only" and the like in connection with the
recitation of claim elements, or use of a "negative" limitation.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used
herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of
ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
[0147] This disclosure is not intended to be limited to the scope
of the particular forms set forth, but is intended to cover
alternatives, modifications, and equivalents of the variations or
embodiments described herein. Further, the scope of the disclosure
fully encompasses other variations or embodiments that may become
obvious to those skilled in the art in view of this disclosure.
[0148] It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art
that the various methods disclosed herein may be embodied in a
non-transitory readable medium, machine-readable medium, and/or a
machine accessible medium comprising instructions compatible,
readable, and/or executable by a processor or server processor of a
machine, device, or computing device. The structures and modules in
the figures may be shown as distinct and communicating with only a
few specific structures and not others. The structures may be
merged with each other, may perform overlapping functions, and may
communicate with other structures not shown to be connected in the
figures. Accordingly, the specification and/or drawings may be
regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
* * * * *