U.S. patent application number 16/650592 was filed with the patent office on 2020-07-23 for wall structure using blocks and frames with wedge-type coupling part formed therein and method for constructing wall using same.
The applicant listed for this patent is Jea Hong PARK. Invention is credited to Jea Hong PARK.
Application Number | 20200232210 16/650592 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 62451514 |
Filed Date | 2020-07-23 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20200232210 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
PARK; Jea Hong |
July 23, 2020 |
WALL STRUCTURE USING BLOCKS AND FRAMES WITH WEDGE-TYPE COUPLING
PART FORMED THEREIN AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING WALL USING SAME
Abstract
A block for decorating an outer wall or an inner wall in
construction work and a construction method for bricklaying work,
and more particularly, to a wall structure using blocks and frames
each having a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein and a
method of constructing a wall using the same, wherein frames, which
are integrally formed with beams, slabs, and pillars of a building
to serve as a frame structure, are fixed and mounted, an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped concave groove or protrusion is formed on
inner surfaces of the mounted frames, and blocks and intermediate
blocks, in which an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped concave
groove or protrusion is formed, are laid on the frames, thereby
solving a disadvantage of bricklaying work in that it is vulnerable
to horizontal vibration and improving seismic performance.
Inventors: |
PARK; Jea Hong; (Seoul,
KR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
PARK; Jea Hong |
Seoul |
|
KR |
|
|
Family ID: |
62451514 |
Appl. No.: |
16/650592 |
Filed: |
November 27, 2018 |
PCT Filed: |
November 27, 2018 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/KR2018/014665 |
371 Date: |
March 25, 2020 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04C 1/395 20130101;
E04B 2002/0228 20130101; E04B 2002/0267 20130101; E04B 2002/0204
20130101; E04B 2/08 20130101; E04B 2002/0206 20130101; E04B 2/18
20130101 |
International
Class: |
E04B 2/08 20060101
E04B002/08; E04B 2/18 20060101 E04B002/18 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 29, 2017 |
KR |
10-2017-0184760 |
Claims
1. In bricklaying work for constructing a wall by laying blocks on
a beam, a slab, and pillars of a building which are
pre-constructed, a wall structure using blocks and frames each
having a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein, the wall
structure comprising: an upper frame (100) mounted on a surface of
the beam, the upper frame (100) having an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped concave groove (101) formed throughout a lower
surface, wherein a corner of the wedge-shaped concave groove (101)
is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the beam; a lower frame
(200) mounted on a surface of the slab, the lower frame (200)
having an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion (201) formed
throughout an upper surface, wherein a corner of the wedge-shaped
protrusion (201) is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the
slab; vertical frames (300) mounted on outer side or inner side
surfaces of the pillars so as to be connected to ends of the upper
frame (100) and the lower frame (200), the vertical frames (300)
each having an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion (301)
formed throughout an inner side surface, wherein a corner of the
wedge-shaped protrusion (301) is parallel to a height direction of
the pillars; blocks (400) laid by being fitted between the upper
frame (100), the lower frame (200), and the vertical frames (300),
the blocks (400) each having an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
upper protrusion (401) formed throughout an upper surface, an
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave groove (402) formed
throughout a lower surface, and an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped side protrusion (403) and an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped side concave groove (404) formed throughout both side
surfaces, wherein, by the wedge-shaped upper protrusion (401) and
the wedge-shaped lower concave groove (402) being fitted to each
other, and the wedge-shaped side protrusion (403) and the
wedge-shaped side concave groove (404) being fitted to each other,
the blocks (400) are laid in a zigzag manner so that longitudinal
side corners of the blocks (400) are positioned on a central
portion of the upper surface or the lower surface of the block
(400) stacked vertically adjacent thereto; intermediate blocks
(500) fitted between the blocks (400) to change a direction in
which the blocks (400) are laid, so that the wedge-shaped side
concave grooves (404) of the laid blocks (400) are coupled to the
wedge-shaped protrusions (301) of the vertical frames (300), the
intermediate blocks (500) each having an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped upper protrusion (501) formed throughout an upper
surface, an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave groove
(502) formed throughout a lower surface, and an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped side concave groove (503) formed throughout
both side surfaces; and a finish frame (700) formed of two frame
bodies (701), which have a rhombic cross-section and are
symmetrical to each other, and a frame body fastener (702)
configured to pass through and fix the two frame bodies (701),
wherein the two frame bodies (701) are coupled by being fitted
between the blocks (400) laid on the uppermost end portion and the
upper frame (100) in directions toward an outer side and an inner
side of a wall surface formed by the laid blocks (400), upper
surfaces of the two coupled frame bodies (701) are engaged to come
in close contact with the wedge-shaped concave groove (101) of the
upper frame (100), and lower surfaces of the frame bodies (701) are
engaged to come in close contact with the wedge-shaped upper
protrusions (401) of the blocks (400) laid on the uppermost end
portion.
2. The wall structure of claim 1, wherein one or more horizontal
reinforcing frames (600) are mounted between the upper frame (100)
and the lower frame (200) so as to be parallel to the upper frame
(100) and the lower frame (200), the one or more horizontal
reinforcing frames (600) each having an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped protrusion (601) formed throughout an upper surface
and an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped concave groove (602)
formed throughout a lower surface, wherein corners of the
wedge-shaped protrusion (601) and the wedge-shaped concave groove
(602) are parallel to a longitudinal direction of the upper frame
(100) and the lower frame (200), and the finish frame (700) is
fitted and fixed between the wedge-shaped upper protrusions (401)
of the laid blocks (400) and the wedge-shaped concave grooves (602)
of the horizontal reinforcing frames (600).
3. The wall structure of claim 2, wherein one or more vertical
intermediate frames (310) are installed between the vertical frames
(300) at both sides, an upper end and a lower end of the vertical
intermediate frame (310) are connected and coupled to a surface of
a beam and a surface of slab, respectively, both side ends of the
horizontal reinforcing frame (600) are fixed to side surfaces of
the vertical frame (300) and the vertical intermediate frame (310)
by a fastening material, an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
protrusion (311) is formed throughout both side surfaces of the
vertical intermediate frame (310), a corner of the wedge-shaped
protrusion (311) is parallel to a height direction of a pillar, and
the wedge-shaped protrusion (311) of the vertical intermediate
frame (310) is engaged to come in close contact with the
wedge-shaped side concave groove (404) of the laid block (400).
4. The wall structure of claim 1, wherein the isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped protrusions and the isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
concave grooves of the frames, the blocks (400), and the
intermediate blocks (500) are configured to form an obtuse
angle.
5. The wall structure of claim 1, wherein binding surfaces of the
block (400) and the intermediate block (500) are finished with
water-swellable water stop rubber.
6. The wall structure of claim 1, wherein the upper frame (100),
the lower frame (200), and the vertical frame (300) are each formed
of a double structure such that the upper frame (100), the lower
frame (200), and the vertical frame (300) which are at an outer
side come in close contact toward the outside of an outer side
surface of a pillar and the upper frame (100), the lower frame
(200), and the vertical frame (300) which are at an inner side are
spaced apart toward the inside of the outer side surface of the
pillar, the vertical frame (300) installed at the outer side is
bent in an L-shape such that a bent inner side surface of the
vertical frame (300) is mounted to come in close contact with an
outer corner of a pillar at an outer boundary, and an insulator
panel (800) is configured to be fitted in a space between the
blocks (400) which are laid by being fitted to each of the upper
frames (100), the lower frames (200), and the vertical frames (300)
at the outer side and the inner side.
7. The wall structure of claim 6, wherein the outer side or inner
side frames are formed of a double structure in which wedge-shaped
concave grooves (101) of the upper frame (100) at the outer side or
inner side of the pillar are disposed side by side in two columns
so as to form a W-shaped concave groove (102), wedge-shaped
protrusions (201) of the lower frame (200) at the outer side or
inner side of the pillar are disposed in two columns so as to form
a W-shaped protrusion (202), and wedge-shaped protrusions (301) of
the vertical frame (300) at the outer side or inner side of the
pillar are disposed in two columns so as to form a W-shaped
protrusion (302).
8. The wall structure of claim 7, wherein double blocks (410), each
having isosceles triangular wedge-shaped upper protrusions (401)
disposed in two columns throughout an upper surface so as to form a
W-shaped upper protrusion (411), isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
lower concave grooves (402) disposed in two columns throughout a
lower surface so as to form a W-shaped lower concave groove (412),
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side protrusions (403) disposed
in two columns throughout one side surface so as to form a W-shaped
side protrusion (413), and isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side
concave grooves (404) disposed in two columns throughout the other
side surface so as to form a W-shaped side concave groove (414),
are, by the wedge-shaped upper protrusion (411) and the
wedge-shaped lower concave groove (412) being fitted to each other,
and the wedge-shaped side protrusion (413) and the wedge-shaped
side concave groove (414) being fitted to each other, laid in a
zigzag manner on the outer side or inner side frames formed of the
double structure so that longitudinal side corners of the double
blocks (410) are positioned on a central portion of the upper
surface or the lower surface of the double block (410) stacked
vertically adjacent thereto, and double intermediate blocks (510)
are fitted between the double blocks (410) to change a direction in
which the double blocks (410) are laid, so that the W-shaped side
concave groove (414) of the laid double blocks (410) is coupled to
the W-shaped protrusion (302) of the vertical frame (300), the
double intermediate blocks (510) each having isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped upper protrusions (501) disposed in two columns
throughout an upper surface so as to form a W-shaped upper
protrusion (511), isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave
grooves (502) disposed in two columns throughout a lower surface so
as to form a W-shaped lower concave groove (512), and isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped side concave grooves (503) disposed in two
columns throughout both side surfaces so as to form a W-shaped side
concave groove (513).
9. The wall structure of claim 2, wherein a window frame (900) is
integrally formed at a central portion of the horizontal
reinforcing frame (600), the window frame (900) having isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped protrusions (901) formed throughout both
side surfaces so as to head toward the vertical frames (300) at
both sides.
10. The wall structure of claim 6, wherein a waterproof plywood
(810) with an adhesive layer formed thereon is attached to a
surface of the insulator panel (800).
11. In bricklaying work for constructing a wall by laying blocks on
a beam, a slab, and pillars of a building which are
pre-constructed, a method of constructing a wall using blocks and
frames each having a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein, the
method comprising: a step of installing frames (S10), in which an
upper frame (100) is mounted on a surface of the beam, the upper
frame (100) having an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped concave
groove (101) formed throughout a lower surface, wherein a corner of
the wedge-shaped concave groove (101) is parallel to a longitudinal
direction of the beam, a lower frame (200) is mounted on a surface
of the slab, the lower frame (200) having an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped protrusion (201) formed throughout an upper surface,
wherein a corner of the wedge-shaped protrusion (201) is parallel
to a longitudinal direction of the slab, and vertical frames (300)
are mounted on outer side surfaces or inner side surfaces of
pillars so as to be connected to ends of the upper frame (100) and
the lower frame (200), the vertical frames (300) each having an
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion (301) formed
throughout an inner side surface, wherein a corner of the
wedge-shaped protrusion (301) is parallel to a height direction of
the pillar; a step of laying blocks and intermediate blocks (S40),
in which, when blocks (400) are laid by being fitted between the
upper frame (100), the lower frame (200), and the vertical frame
(300), the blocks (400) each having an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped upper protrusion (401) formed throughout an upper
surface, an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave groove
(402) formed throughout a lower surface, and an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped side protrusion (403) and an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped side concave groove (404) formed throughout
both side surfaces, wherein, by the wedge-shaped upper protrusion
(401) and the wedge-shaped lower concave groove (402) being fitted
to each other, and the wedge-shaped side protrusion (403) and the
wedge-shaped side concave groove (404) being fitted to each other,
the blocks (400) are laid in a zigzag manner so that longitudinal
side corners of the blocks (400) are positioned on a central
portion of the upper surface or the lower surface of the block
(400) stacked vertically adjacent thereto, intermediate blocks
(500) are fitted between the blocks (400) to change a direction in
which the blocks (400) are laid, so that the wedge-shaped side
concave groove (404) of the blocks (400) is coupled to the
wedge-shaped protrusion (301) of the vertical frames (300) at both
sides, the intermediate blocks (500) each having an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped upper protrusion (501) formed throughout an
upper surface, an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave
groove (502) formed throughout a lower surface, and an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped side concave groove (503) formed throughout
both side surfaces; and a step of fastening finish frame (S50), in
which upper surfaces of frame bodies (701) of a finish frame (700)
are engaged to come in close contact with the wedge-shaped concave
groove (101) of the upper frame (100), lower surfaces of the frame
bodies (701) are engaged to come in close contact with the
wedge-shaped upper protrusions (401) of the blocks (400) laid on
the uppermost end portion, and then the frame bodies (701) are
fixed using a frame body fastener (702), wherein the finish frame
(700) includes two frame bodies (701) which have a rhombic
cross-section and are symmetrical to each other.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of installing the
frames (S10) includes a step of installing horizontal reinforcing
frames (S11), in which one or more horizontal reinforcing frames
(600) are mounted between the upper frame (100) and the lower frame
(200) so as to be parallel to the upper frame (100) and the lower
frame (200), the one or more horizontal reinforcing frames (600)
each having an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion (601)
formed throughout an upper surface and an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped concave groove (602) formed throughout a lower
surface, and the step of fastening the finish frame (S50) includes
a step of fastening a finish frame for horizontal reinforcement
(S51), in which the finish frame (700) is fitted and fixed between
the wedge-shaped upper protrusions (401) of the blocks (400), which
are laid on each layer formed by the horizontal reinforcing frames
(600) in the step of laying the blocks and the intermediate blocks
(S40), and the wedge-shaped concave grooves (602) of the horizontal
reinforcing frames (600).
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising, after the step of
installing the horizontal reinforcing frames (S11), a step of
installing vertical intermediate frames (S12), in which one or more
vertical intermediate frames (310), each having an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped protrusion (311) formed throughout both
side surfaces, are installed between the vertical frames (300) at
both sides, an upper end and a lower end of the one or more
vertical intermediate frames (310) are connected and coupled to a
surface of a beam and a surface of slab, respectively, and both
side ends of the horizontal reinforcing frame (600) are fixed to
side surfaces of the vertical frame (300) and the vertical
intermediate frame (310) by a fastening material so as to divide a
wall surface into sections, of which adjacent sections are coupled
by the same vertical intermediate frame (310).
14. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of laying the blocks
and the intermediate blocks (S40) includes a step of applying an
adhesive (S41), in which the blocks (400) and the intermediate
blocks (500) are laid after an adhesive is applied on each
interface of the blocks (400) and the intermediate blocks
(500).
15. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of installing the
frames (S10) includes a step of installing double frames (S20), in
which the upper frame (100), the lower frame (200), and the
vertical frame (300) which are at the outer side are installed to
come in close contact toward the outside of an outer side surface
of a pillar and the upper frame (100), the lower frame (200), and
the vertical frame (300) which are at an inner side are spaced
apart toward the inside of the outer side surface of the pillar so
that double frames are formed, and the method further comprises,
between the step of installing the double frames (S20) and the step
of laying the blocks and the intermediate blocks (S40), an
insulation construction step (S30) in which an insulator panel
(800) is attached to the double frames.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of installing the
double frames (S20) includes a step of installing W-shaped frames
having double joining surfaces (S21), in which wedge-shaped concave
grooves (101) of the upper frame (100) at the outer side or inner
side of the pillar are disposed side by side in two columns so as
to form a W-shaped concave groove (102), wedge-shaped protrusions
(201) of the lower frame (200) at the outer side or inner side of
the pillar are disposed in two columns so as to form a W-shaped
protrusion (202), and wedge-shaped protrusions (301) of the
vertical frame (300) at the outer side or inner side of the pillar
are disposed in two columns so as to form a W-shaped protrusion
(302).
17. The method of claim 16, wherein the step of laying the blocks
and the intermediate blocks (S40) includes a step of laying double
blocks and double intermediate blocks on W-shaped frames at the
outer side or inner side (S42), in which, on the double frames
formed by the step of forming the W-shaped frames having the double
joining surfaces (S21), double blocks (410), each having isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped upper protrusions (401) disposed in two
columns throughout an upper surface so as to form a W-shaped upper
protrusion (411), isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave
grooves (402) disposed in two columns throughout a lower surface so
as to form a W-shaped lower concave groove (412), isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped side protrusions (403) disposed in two
columns throughout one side surface so as to form a W-shaped side
protrusion (413), and isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side
concave grooves (404) disposed in two columns throughout the other
side surface so as to form a W-shaped side concave groove (414),
are, by the wedge-shaped upper protrusion (411) and the
wedge-shaped lower concave groove (412) being fitted to each other,
and the wedge-shaped side protrusion (413) and the wedge-shaped
side concave groove (414) being fitted to each other, laid in a
zigzag manner so that longitudinal side corners of the double
blocks (410) are positioned on a central portion of the upper
surface or the lower surface of the double block (410) stacked
vertically adjacent thereto, and double intermediate blocks (510)
are fitted between the double blocks (410) to change a direction in
which the double blocks (410) are laid, so that the W-shaped side
concave groove (414) of the laid double blocks (410) is coupled to
the W-shaped protrusion (302) of the vertical frame (300), the
double intermediate blocks (510) each having isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped upper protrusions (501) disposed in two columns
throughout an upper surface so as to form a W-shaped upper
protrusion (511), isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave
grooves (502) disposed in two columns throughout a lower surface so
as to form a W-shaped lower concave groove (512), and isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped side concave grooves (503) disposed in two
columns throughout both side surfaces so as to form a W-shaped side
concave groove (513).
18. The method of claim 12, wherein the step of installing the
horizontal reinforcing frames (S11) includes a step of installing
horizontal reinforcing frames having a window frame integrally
formed therewith (S11A), in which the horizontal reinforcing frames
(600) whose central portion is integrally formed with a window
frame (900) are mounted so as to be parallel to the upper frame
(100) and the lower frame (200).
19. The method of claim 15, wherein the insulation construction
step (S30) includes a step of attaching a waterproof plywood (S31),
in which a waterproof plywood (810) with an adhesive layer formed
thereon is attached to a surface of the insulator panel (800).
20. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of laying the blocks
and the intermediate blocks (S40) includes a step of laying blocks
and intermediate blocks which have binding surfaces to which
water-swellable water stop rubber is applied (S43), in which the
blocks (400) and the intermediate blocks (500) which have binding
surfaces finished with water-swellable water stop rubber are laid.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present invention relates to a block for decorating an
outer wall or an inner wall in construction work and a construction
method for bricklaying work, and more particularly, to a wall
structure using blocks and frames each having a wedge-shaped
coupling part formed therein and a method of constructing a wall
using the same, wherein frames which serve as a frame structure are
installed on beams, slabs, and pillars and blocks are stacked
within the installed frames, thereby solving a disadvantage of
bricklaying work in that it is vulnerable to impact and earthquakes
because a frame structure is not formed in a construction process
in which blocks are adhered and stacked with mortar, an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped protrusion or wedge-shaped concave groove
is formed throughout upper, lower, left, and right surfaces of the
blocks to allow adjacent blocks to be firmly coupled and an
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion or wedge-shaped
concave groove is formed throughout inner surfaces of the frames,
which are in contact with the blocks, to firmly fix the blocks
stacked within the frames, thereby preventing the blocks from being
detached due to external impact or earthquakes, and inclined
surfaces of the wedge-shaped protrusions and wedge-shaped concave
grooves allow the stacked blocks to be restored to their original
positions even when the blocks are misaligned, thereby
significantly improving seismic performance.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] Generally, when forming a wall at an outer wall or an inner
wall of a building, bricklaying work is performed in which bricks
or blocks formed of concrete or the like are stacked to form a wall
and mortar is applied between the stacked blocks so that the blocks
are adhered to each other. The bricklaying work is a technique that
is widely used due to its advantages of facilitating construction,
excellent moisture resistance and durability, and low construction
cost.
[0003] In the above-described bricklaying structure in which the
blocks are adhered using mortar, due to the structure of stacking
the blocks, support is not easily lost by vibration or impact
acting in a vertical direction. However, the bricklaying structure
is vulnerable to vibration or impact acting in a horizontal
direction, and even fine vibration that occurs repeatedly may cause
the mortar, with which the blocks are adhered and fixed, to be
separated from the blocks, thus decreasing a coupling force between
the blocks. Accordingly, there is a problem in that cracks are
formed in the wall or the wall collapses as the stacked blocks are
detached.
[0004] Particularly, due to the characteristic of the bricklaying
structure in that it is vulnerable to the vibration or impact
acting in the horizontal direction, when an earthquake occurs, the
wall collapses, increasing the likelihood of a major accident. In
recent years, with a gradual increase in the magnitude and number
of earthquakes occurring in South Korea, damage cases have rapidly
increased with regards to buildings built using a bricklaying
construction method, in which blocks are adhered with mortar, in
earthquake-affected areas, and the need for seismic design in
bricklaying work has come to the fore.
[0005] To improve seismic performance of the bricklaying structure
which lacks resistance to the vibration or impact acting in the
horizontal direction as described above, a frame structure is
required for fixing the blocks so that the laid blocks are not
detached from the wall. Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1071364
proposes an assembly structure of construction blocks, in which a
coupling protrusion is formed at an upper portion and one side
surface of each block and a coupling groove is formed at a lower
portion and the other side surface of each block such that the
blocks are assembled by fitting the coupling grooves and the
coupling protrusions to each other, a reinforcing member and a
frame are sequentially mounted on upper, lower, left, and right
edges of each laid block, and then the frames and the blocks are
fixed using a fixing member.
[0006] However, the assembly structure according to the above
registered patent is directed to shortening a bricklaying work
period by assembling blocks and frames to form walls and then
installing the formed walls on a building. As in the conventional
bricklaying work, there are problems in that, because frames for
fixing the blocks are not configured to move integrally with beams,
slabs, and pillars that support a major load acting on a building,
a wall may collapse as the frames are separated from the building
when an earthquake occurs, and, because, due to the shape
characteristics of the coupling protrusions and the coupling
grooves formed at the blocks, stress is prone to concentrate on
inner side corners of connecting portions formed at the coupling
protrusions and the coupling grooves formed at the blocks when an
earthquake occurs or external impact acts on the building, a wall
may collapse as the coupling protrusions or the coupling grooves
are damaged due to the stress concentrated thereon.
DISCLOSURE
Technical Problem
[0007] The present invention is directed to providing improvement
to seismic performance in bricklaying work by fixing and installing
frames on beams, slabs, and pillars that support a major load of a
building so that the frames move integrally with the beams, slabs,
and pillars when an earthquake occurs or external impact acts on
the building and fitting and fixing blocks to the frames integrally
fixed with the building so that a frame structure is formed in
bricklaying work for constructing a wall.
[0008] The present invention is directed to providing a coupling
structure between blocks that is capable of preventing stacked
blocks from being detached from each other and, even when the
blocks are misaligned due to an earthquake or external impact
acting thereon, allowing the blocks to be restored to their
original positions by shape characteristics of wedge-shaped
protrusions and wedge-shaped concave grooves of coupling
surfaces.
[0009] The present invention is directed to providing a coupling
structure between blocks that is capable of preventing blocks and
frames, which are fixed and installed on a building, from being
detached from each other and, even when the blocks and the frames
are misaligned due to an earthquake or external impact acting
thereon, allowing the blocks and the frames to be restored to their
original positions by shape characteristics of wedge-shaped
protrusions and wedge-shaped concave grooves of coupling
surfaces.
[0010] The present invention is directed to providing improvement
to watertightness, sound insulation, and windproofness of a wall by
firmly coupling frames and blocks through wedge-shaped protrusions
and wedge-shaped concave grooves formed on the blocks and
frames.
[0011] The present invention is directed to providing further
improvement to watertightness, sound simulation, and windproofness
of a wall by forming a dense structure in a constructed wall by
applying an adhesive between coupling surfaces of blocks in a wall
for which watertightness, sound insulation, and windproofness are
important.
Technical Solution
[0012] An embodiment of the present invention provides a wall
structure using blocks and frames each having a wedge-shaped
coupling part formed therein, the wall structure including: an
upper frame mounted on a surface of a beam, the upper frame having
an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped concave groove formed
throughout a lower surface, wherein a corner of the wedge-shaped
concave groove is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the beam;
a lower frame mounted on a surface of a slab, the lower frame
having an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion formed
throughout an upper surface, wherein a corner of the wedge-shaped
protrusion is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the slab;
vertical frames mounted on outer side or inner side surfaces of
pillars so as to be connected to ends of the upper frame and the
lower frame, the vertical frames each having an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped protrusion formed throughout an inner side
surface, wherein a corner of the wedge-shaped protrusion is
parallel to a height direction of the pillar; blocks laid by being
fitted between the upper frame, the lower frame, and the vertical
frames, the blocks each having an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
upper protrusion formed throughout an upper surface, an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped lower concave groove formed throughout a
lower surface, and an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side
protrusion and an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side concave
groove formed throughout both side surfaces, wherein, by the
wedge-shaped upper protrusion and the wedge-shaped lower concave
groove being fitted to each other, and the wedge-shaped side
protrusion and the wedge-shaped side concave groove being fitted to
each other, the blocks are laid in a zigzag manner so that
longitudinal side corners of the blocks are positioned on a central
portion of the upper surface or the lower surface of the block
stacked vertically adjacent thereto; intermediate blocks fitted
between the blocks to change a direction in which the blocks are
laid, so that the wedge-shaped side concave grooves of the laid
blocks are coupled to the wedge-shaped protrusions of the vertical
frames, the intermediate blocks each having an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped upper protrusion formed throughout an upper surface,
an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave groove formed
throughout a lower surface, and an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped side concave groove formed throughout both side
surfaces; and a finish frame formed of two frame bodies, which have
a rhombic cross-section and are symmetrical to each other, and a
frame body fastener configured to pass through and fix the two
frame bodies, wherein the two frame bodies are coupled by being
fitted between the blocks laid on the uppermost end portion and the
upper frame in directions toward an outer side and an inner side of
a wall surface formed by the laid blocks, upper surfaces of the two
coupled frame bodies are engaged to come in close contact with the
wedge-shaped concave groove of the upper frame, and lower surfaces
of the frame bodies are engaged to come in close contact with the
wedge-shaped upper protrusions of the blocks laid on the uppermost
end portion.
[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, one or
more horizontal reinforcing frames may be mounted between the upper
frame and the lower frame so as to be parallel to the upper frame
and the lower frame, the one or more horizontal reinforcing frames
each having an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion formed
throughout an upper surface and an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped concave groove formed throughout a lower surface,
wherein corners of the wedge-shaped protrusion and the wedge-shaped
concave groove may be parallel to a longitudinal direction of the
upper frame and the lower frame, and the finish frame may be fitted
and fixed between the wedge-shaped upper protrusions of the laid
blocks and the wedge-shaped concave grooves of the horizontal
reinforcing frames.
[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, one or
more vertical intermediate frames may be installed between the
vertical frames at both sides, an upper end and a lower end of the
vertical intermediate frame may be connected and coupled to a
surface of a beam and a surface of slab, respectively, both side
ends of the horizontal reinforcing frame may be fixed to side
surfaces of the vertical frame and the vertical intermediate frame
by a fastening material, an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
protrusion may be formed throughout both side surfaces of the
vertical intermediate frame, a corner of the wedge-shaped
protrusion may be parallel to a height direction of a pillar, and
the wedge-shaped protrusion of the vertical intermediate frame may
be engaged to come in close contact with the wedge-shaped side
concave groove of the laid block.
[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusions and the isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped concave grooves of the frames, the blocks,
and the intermediate blocks may be configured to form an obtuse
angle.
[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, binding
surfaces of the block and the intermediate block may be finished
with water-swellable water stop rubber.
[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
upper frame, the lower frame, and the vertical frame may each be
formed of a double structure such that the upper frame, the lower
frame, and the vertical frame which are at an outer side come in
close contact toward the outside of an outer side surface of a
pillar and the upper frame, the lower frame, and the vertical frame
which are at an inner side are spaced apart toward the inside of
the outer side surface of the pillar, the vertical frame installed
at the outer side may be bent in an L-shape such that a bent inner
side surface of the vertical frame is mounted to come in close
contact with an outer corner of a pillar at an outer boundary, and
an insulator panel may be configured to be fitted in a space
between the blocks which are laid by being fitted to each of the
upper frames, the lower frames, and the vertical frames at the
outer side and the inner side.
[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
outer side or inner side frames may be formed of a double structure
in which wedge-shaped concave grooves of the upper frames at the
outer side or inner side of the pillar are disposed side by side in
two columns so as to form a W-shaped concave groove, wedge-shaped
protrusions of the lower frames at the outer side or inner side of
the pillar are disposed in two columns so as to form a W-shaped
protrusion, and wedge-shaped protrusions of the vertical frames at
the outer side or inner side of the pillar are disposed in two
columns so as to form a W-shaped protrusion.
[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, double
blocks, each having isosceles triangular wedge-shaped upper
protrusions disposed in two columns throughout an upper surface so
as to form a W-shaped upper protrusion, isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped lower concave grooves disposed in two columns
throughout a lower surface so as to form a W-shaped lower concave
groove, isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side protrusions disposed
in two columns throughout one side surface so as to form a W-shaped
side protrusion, and isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side concave
grooves disposed in two columns throughout the other side surface
so as to form a W-shaped side concave groove, may be, by the
wedge-shaped upper protrusion and the wedge-shaped lower concave
groove being fitted to each other, and the wedge-shaped side
protrusion and the wedge-shaped side concave groove being fitted to
each other, laid in a zigzag manner on the outer side frames formed
of the double structure so that longitudinal side corners of the
double blocks are positioned on a central portion of the upper
surface or the lower surface of the double block stacked vertically
adjacent thereto, and double intermediate blocks may be fitted
between the double blocks to change a direction in which the double
blocks are laid, so that the W-shaped side concave groove of the
laid double blocks is coupled to the W-shaped protrusion of the
vertical frame, the double intermediate blocks each having
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped upper protrusions disposed in two
columns throughout an upper surface so as to form a W-shaped upper
protrusion, isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave grooves
disposed in two columns throughout a lower surface so as to form a
W-shaped lower concave groove, and isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped side concave grooves disposed in two columns
throughout both side surfaces so as to form a W-shaped side concave
groove.
[0020] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a
window frame may be integrally formed at a central portion of the
horizontal reinforcing frame, the window frame having isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped protrusions formed throughout both side
surfaces so as to head toward the vertical frames at both
sides.
[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a
waterproof plywood with an adhesive layer formed thereon may be
attached to a surface of the insulator panel.
[0022] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method of
constructing a wall using blocks and frames each having a
wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein, the method including: a
step of installing frames, in which an upper frame is mounted on a
surface of a beam, the upper frame having an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped concave groove formed throughout a lower surface,
wherein a corner of the wedge-shaped concave groove is parallel to
a longitudinal direction of a beam, a lower frame is mounted on a
surface of a slab, the lower frame having an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped protrusion formed throughout an upper surface, wherein
a corner of the wedge-shaped protrusion is parallel to a
longitudinal direction of the slab, and vertical frames are mounted
on inner side surfaces of pillars so as to be connected to ends of
the upper frame and the lower frame, the vertical frames each
having an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion formed
throughout an inner side surface, wherein a corner of the
wedge-shaped protrusion is parallel to a height direction of the
pillar; a step of laying blocks and intermediate blocks, in which,
when blocks are laid by being fitted between the upper frame, the
lower frame, and the vertical frame, the blocks each having an
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped upper protrusion formed
throughout an upper surface, an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
lower concave groove formed throughout a lower surface, and an
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side protrusion and an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped side concave groove formed throughout both
side surfaces, wherein, by the wedge-shaped upper protrusion and
the wedge-shaped lower concave groove being fitted to each other,
and the wedge-shaped side protrusion and the wedge-shaped side
concave groove being fitted to each other, the blocks are laid in a
zigzag manner so that longitudinal side corners of the blocks are
positioned on a central portion of the upper surface or the lower
surface of the block stacked vertically adjacent thereto,
intermediate blocks are fitted between the blocks to change a
direction in which the blocks are laid, so that the wedge-shaped
side concave groove of the blocks is coupled to the wedge-shaped
protrusion of the vertical frames at both sides, the intermediate
blocks each having an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped upper
protrusion formed throughout an upper surface, an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped lower concave groove formed throughout a
lower surface, and an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side
concave groove formed throughout both side surfaces; and a step of
fastening a finish frame, in which upper surfaces of frame bodies
of a finish frame are engaged to come in close contact with the
wedge-shaped concave groove of the upper frame, lower surfaces of
the frame bodies are engaged to come in close contact with the
wedge-shaped upper protrusions of the blocks laid on the uppermost
end portion, and then the frame bodies are fixed using a frame body
fastener, wherein the finish frame includes two frame bodies which
have a rhombic cross-section and are symmetrical to each other.
[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
step of installing the frames may include a step of installing
horizontal reinforcing frames, in which one or more horizontal
reinforcing frames are mounted between the upper frame and the
lower frame so as to be parallel to the upper frame and the lower
frame, the one or more horizontal reinforcing frames each having an
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion formed throughout an
upper surface and an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped concave
groove formed throughout a lower surface, and the step of fastening
the finish frame may include a step of fastening a finish frame for
horizontal reinforcement, in which the finish frame is fitted and
fixed between the wedge-shaped upper protrusions of the blocks,
which are laid on each layer formed by the horizontal reinforcing
frames in the step of laying the blocks and the intermediate
blocks, and the wedge-shaped concave grooves of the horizontal
reinforcing frames.
[0024] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
method may further include, after the step of installing the
horizontal reinforcing frames, a step of installing vertical
intermediate frames, in which one or more vertical intermediate
frames, each having an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion
formed throughout both side surfaces, are installed between the
vertical frames at both sides, an upper end and a lower end of the
one or more vertical intermediate frames are connected and coupled
to a surface of a beam and a surface of slab, respectively, and
both side ends of the horizontal reinforcing frame are fixed to
side surfaces of the vertical frame and the vertical intermediate
frame by a fastening material so as to divide a wall surface into
sections, of which adjacent sections are coupled by the same
vertical intermediate frame.
[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
step of laying the blocks and the intermediate blocks may include a
step of applying an adhesive, in which the blocks and the
intermediate blocks are laid after an adhesive is applied on each
interface of the blocks and the intermediate blocks.
[0026] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
step of installing the frames may include a step of installing
double frames, in which the upper frame, the lower frame, and the
vertical frame which are at the outer side are installed to come in
close contact toward the outside of an outer side surface of a
pillar and the upper frame, the lower frame, and the vertical frame
which are at an inner side are spaced apart toward the inside of
the outer side surface of the pillar so that double frames are
formed, and the method may further include, between the step of
installing the double frames and the step of laying the blocks and
the intermediate blocks, an insulation construction step in which
an insulator panel is attached to the double frames.
[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
step of installing the double frames may include a step of
installing W-shaped frames having double joining surfaces, in which
wedge-shaped concave grooves of the upper frame at the outer side
or inner side of the pillar are disposed side by side in two
columns so as to form a W-shaped concave groove, wedge-shaped
protrusions of the lower frame at the outer side or inner side of
the pillar are disposed in two columns so as to form a W-shaped
protrusion, and wedge-shaped protrusions of the vertical frame at
the outer side or inner side of the pillar are disposed in two
columns so as to form a W-shaped protrusion.
[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
step of laying the blocks and the intermediate blocks may include a
step of laying double blocks and double intermediate blocks on
W-shaped frames at the outer side or inner side, in which, on the
double frames formed by the step of forming the W-shaped frames
having the double joining surfaces, double blocks, each having
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped upper protrusions disposed in two
columns throughout an upper surface so as to form a W-shaped upper
protrusion, isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave grooves
disposed in two columns throughout a lower surface so as to form a
W-shaped lower concave groove, isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
side protrusions disposed in two columns throughout one side
surface so as to form a W-shaped side protrusion, and isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped side concave grooves disposed in two
columns throughout the other side surface so as to form a W-shaped
side concave groove, are, by the wedge-shaped upper protrusion and
the wedge-shaped lower concave groove being fitted to each other,
and the wedge-shaped side protrusion and the wedge-shaped side
concave groove being fitted to each other, laid in a zigzag manner
so that longitudinal side corners of the double blocks are
positioned on a central portion of the upper surface or the lower
surface of the double block stacked vertically adjacent thereto,
and double intermediate blocks are fitted between the double blocks
to change a direction in which the double blocks are laid, so that
the W-shaped side concave groove of the double blocks is coupled to
the W-shaped protrusion of the vertical frame, the double
intermediate blocks each having isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
upper protrusions disposed in two columns throughout an upper
surface so as to form a W-shaped upper protrusion, isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped lower concave grooves disposed in two
columns throughout a lower surface so as to form a W-shaped lower
concave groove, and isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side concave
grooves disposed in two columns throughout both side surfaces so as
to form a W-shaped side concave groove.
[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
step of installing the horizontal reinforcing frames may include a
step of installing horizontal reinforcing frames having a window
frame integrally formed therewith, in which the horizontal
reinforcing frames whose central portion is integrally formed with
a window frame are mounted so as to be parallel to the upper frame
and the lower frame.
[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
insulation construction step may include a step of attaching a
waterproof plywood, in which a waterproof plywood with an adhesive
layer formed thereon is attached to a surface of the insulator
panel.
[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
step of laying the blocks and the intermediate blocks may include a
step of laying blocks and intermediate blocks which have binding
surfaces to which water-swellable water stop rubber is applied, in
which the blocks and the intermediate block which have binding
surfaces finished with water-swellable water stop rubber are
laid.
Advantageous Effects
[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a frame
structure for fixing laid blocks is formed by frames fixed and
installed in four directions on beams, slabs, and pillars by
fastening materials, and the blocks are fitted and fixed to the
frames. In this way, it is possible to solve a disadvantage of
bricklaying work in that it is vulnerable to horizontal
vibration.
[0033] According to an embodiment of the present invention,
coupling between isosceles triangular wedge-shaped concave grooves
and isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusions allows blocks to
stand on their own. In this way, it is possible to improve
workability of bricklaying work.
[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, small
clearances are formed in coupling surfaces of wedge-shaped concave
grooves and wedge-shaped protrusions formed on four sides, i.e.,
upper, lower, left, and right sides, of blocks so that, even when
vibration occurs due to external impact, an earthquake, or the
like, impact on the blocks can be mitigated, and, even when
misalignment occurs between adjacent blocks or between the blocks
and frames due to external impact, the blocks can be restored to
their original positions along inclined surfaces of the
wedge-shaped concave grooves and wedge-shaped protrusions, thereby
improving seismic performance.
[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
shapes of the wedge-shaped concave grooves and wedge-shaped
protrusions form an isosceles triangular shape with an obtuse
angle. In this way, it is possible to prevent damage on the frames
and blocks due to a phenomenon in which stress is concentrated
thereon.
[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention,
intermediate blocks are fitted between the blocks to change a
direction of wedge-shaped side concave grooves formed on the blocks
and allow wedge-shaped protrusions to be formed on side surfaces of
vertical frames at both sides. In this way, it is possible to
improve strength by an increase in a thickness of the vertical
frames that serve as a frame structure of a wall structure.
[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped concave grooves and isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped protrusions, which are formed on the
blocks, are coupled to wedge-shaped concave grooves or wedge-shaped
protrusions of blocks or frames adjacent thereto in four
directions, i.e., upper, lower, left, and right directions, and
move integrally with pillars or slabs of a reinforced concrete
structure. In this way, it is possible to improve watertightness,
sound insulation, and windproofness even when coupling surfaces of
the blocks are not adhered with an adhesive such as mortar.
[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when
laying the blocks and intermediate blocks, an adhesive such as a
tile adhesive, a cement glue, or mortar is applied to each
interface of the blocks and intermediate blocks. In this way, it is
possible to construct coupling surfaces of the blocks with
precision and form a dense structure in a wall so that the
watertightness, sound insulation, and windproofness are further
improved.
[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention,
adjacent blocks divided from each other by a vertical intermediate
frame are firmly coupled by the same vertical intermediate frame.
In this way, it is possible to prevent detachment of the blocks due
to vibration and impact and improve seismic performance.
[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention,
coupling between W-shaped protrusions and W-shaped concave grooves
allow firmer coupling between the blocks or between the blocks and
frames. In this way, it is possible to more effectively prevent the
detachment of the blocks due to vibration and impact.
[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a
horizontal reinforcing frame and a window frame are integrally
manufactured. In this way, it is possible to allow a window to have
structural strength, prevent damage to a structural wall that may
occur in the process of constructing the window frame, and reduce
the cost and time for installing the window frame.
[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, binding
surfaces of the wedge-shaped protrusions and wedge-shaped concave
grooves of the blocks and intermediate blocks are finished with
water-swellable water stop rubber. In this way, it is possible to
improve the watertightness, sound insulation, and windproofness
according to use purpose and construct the binding surfaces with
precision.
[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a wall
surface is divided into sections by the horizontal reinforcing
frames and vertical intermediate frames. In this way, when the
blocks are broken due to external impact, an earthquake, and the
like, it is possible to replace only the corresponding broken
section, thereby securing the efficiency of maintenance.
[0044] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the
blocks and intermediate blocks, whose binding surfaces are finished
with water-swellable water stop rubber, are stacked. In this way,
it is possible to easily and promptly perform a bricklaying process
for improving watertightness, sound insulation, and
windproofness.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0045] FIG. 1 is a view illustrating the overall configuration of a
wall structure using blocks and frames each having a wedge-shaped
coupling part formed therein according to an embodiment of the
present invention.
[0046] FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a cross-sectional shape of a
frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0047] FIG. 3 is a view illustrating a cross-sectional shape of a
wall structure using blocks and frames each having a wedge-shaped
coupling part formed therein according to an embodiment of the
present invention.
[0048] FIG. 4 is a view illustrating a plane view, a front view,
and a side view of a block according to an embodiment of the
present invention.
[0049] FIG. 5 is a view illustrating a front view and a side view
of an intermediate block according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0050] FIG. 6 is a view illustrating a shape of a finish frame
according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0051] FIG. 7 is a view illustrating the overall configuration of a
wall structure using blocks and frames each having a wedge-shaped
coupling part formed therein according to an embodiment of the
present invention.
[0052] FIG. 8 is a view illustrating the overall configuration of a
wall structure using blocks and frames each having a wedge-shaped
coupling part formed therein according to an embodiment of the
present invention.
[0053] FIG. 9 is a view illustrating a cross-sectional shape of a
double wall structure according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0054] FIG. 10 is a view illustrating a cross-sectional shape of a
wall structure to which double frames are applied according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
[0055] FIG. 11 is a view illustrating a cross-sectional shape of a
wall structure to which double frames, in which double blocks and
double intermediate blocks are laid, are applied according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
[0056] FIG. 12 is a view illustrating a front view and a side view
of a double block according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0057] FIG. 13 is a view illustrating a front view and a side view
of a double intermediate block according to an embodiment of the
present invention.
[0058] FIG. 14 is a view illustrating a cross-sectional structure
of a double frame according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0059] FIG. 15 is a view illustrating the overall configuration of
a wall structure to which frames each integrally formed with a
window frame are applied according to an embodiment of the present
invention.
[0060] FIG. 16 is a view illustrating a block stacking structure in
which an adhesive is applied to coupling surfaces of the blocks
according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0061] FIGS. 17 to 25 are views illustrating process flowcharts of
a method of constructing a wall using blocks and frames each having
a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
MODES OF THE INVENTION
[0062] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention
will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Parts necessary to understand operations and actions according to
the present invention will be mainly described in detail. In
describing the exemplary embodiments of the present invention,
description of details that are well-known in the art to which the
present invention pertains and are not directly related to the
present invention will be omitted. By omitting unnecessary
description, the gist of the present invention can be more clearly
delivered without being blurred.
[0063] In describing elements of the present invention, elements of
the same names may be denoted by different reference numerals
according to the drawings or denoted by the same reference numerals
in different drawings. However, even in this case, it does not
indicate that the corresponding element has different functions
according to embodiments or has the same function in different
embodiments. A function of each element should be determined on the
basis of description of each element in the corresponding
embodiment.
[0064] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms used herein have
the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in
the art to which the present invention pertains. The terms are not
to be construed in an overly comprehensive or overly limiting
sense.
[0065] In the specification, a singular expression includes a
plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In the application, terms such as "being formed of" or "including"
does not necessarily mean including all of various elements or
various steps described herein. The terms may indicate that some of
the elements or steps are not included or additional elements or
steps are further included.
[0066] In a wall structure using blocks and frames each having a
wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a first
embodiment of the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 1, an
upper frame 100 is fixed and mounted on a surface of a beam of a
building by a fastening material, a lower frame 200 is fixed and
mounted on a surface of a slab by a fastening material, and
vertical frames 300 fixed and mounted on surfaces of pillars by a
fastening material have upper and lower ends connected to ends of
the upper frame 100 and the lower frame 200, respectively. As
illustrated in FIG. 2A, an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
concave groove 101 is formed throughout a lower surface of the
upper frame 100 (which means the same as "throughout the thickness
and width of the lower surface of the upper frame 100."
Hereinafter, expressions having the same or similar meanings as
"throughout the thickness and width of" will be uniformly referred
to as "throughout."), wherein a corner of the wedge-shaped concave
groove 101 is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the beam. As
illustrated in FIG. 2B, an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
protrusion 201 is formed throughout an upper surface of the lower
frame 200, wherein a corner of the wedge-shaped protrusion 201 is
parallel to a longitudinal direction of the slab. As illustrated in
FIG. 2C, an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion 301 is
formed throughout an inner side surface of the vertical frames 300
at both sides, wherein a corner of the wedge-shaped protrusion 301
is parallel to a height direction of the pillar.
[0067] Also, blocks 400 are laid by being fitted between the upper
frame 100, the lower frame 200, and the vertical frames 300. As
illustrated in FIG. 4, the blocks 400 each have an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped upper protrusion 401 formed throughout an
upper surface, an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave
groove 402 formed throughout a lower surface, and an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped side protrusion 403 and an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped side concave groove 404 formed throughout
both side surfaces.
[0068] Here, the wedge-shaped upper protrusions 401 and the
wedge-shaped lower concave grooves 402 of adjacent blocks 400 are
fitted to each other, the wedge-shaped side protrusions 403 and the
wedge-shaped side concave grooves 404 of adjacent blocks 400 are
fitted to each other, and the blocks 400 are laid in a zigzag
manner so that longitudinal side corners of the blocks 400 are
positioned on a central portion of the upper surface or the lower
surface of the block 400 stacked vertically adjacent thereto. As
illustrated in FIG. 1, to allow the vertical frames 300 and the
blocks 400 to be completely coupled without a gap therebetween even
when the blocks 400 are disposed in a zigzag manner, blocks 400, of
which ever other one has a short length, are applied as the blocks
400 coupled to the vertical frames 300.
[0069] Also, as illustrated in FIG. 3A, intermediate blocks 500 are
fitted between the blocks 400 to change a direction in which the
blocks 400 are laid and allow the wedge-shaped side concave grooves
404 of the blocks 400 to be coupled to the wedge-shaped protrusions
301 of the vertical frames 300. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the
intermediate blocks 500 each have an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped upper protrusion 501 formed throughout an upper
surface, an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave groove
502 formed throughout a lower surface, and an isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped side concave groove 503 formed throughout both side
surfaces.
[0070] Also, as illustrated in FIG. 3B, a finish frame 700 is
mounted in a space between the uppermost end portions of the laid
blocks 400 and the upper frame 100 so as to fix the blocks 400 at
the uppermost end portion and the upper frame 100. In this way, the
blocks 400 are firmly coupled to the upper frame 100, the lower
frame 200, and the vertical frames 300. As illustrated in FIG. 6,
the finish frame 700 is formed of two frame bodies 701 which have a
rhombic cross-section and are symmetrical to each other. The frame
bodies 701 are fitted from the inner side and outer side into the
space between the blocks 400 at the uppermost end portion and the
upper frame 100, an upper surface of the frame body 701 is engaged
to come in close contact with the wedge-shaped concave groove 101
of the upper frame 100, a lower surface of the frame body 701 is
engaged to come in close contact with the wedge-shaped upper
protrusion 401 of the block 400 laid at the uppermost end portion,
and a frame body fastener 702 passes through and fastens side
surface parts of the two frame bodies 701, thereby fixing the frame
bodies 701.
[0071] A wall structure using blocks and frames each having a
wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a second
embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as
in the first embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 7, one or more
horizontal reinforcing frames 600 are mounted between the upper
frame 100 and the lower frame 200 of the first embodiment so as to
be parallel to the upper frame 100 and the lower frame 200. The one
or more horizontal reinforcing frames 600 each have an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped protrusion 601 formed throughout an upper
surface and an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped concave groove 602
formed throughout a lower surface, wherein corners of the
wedge-shaped protrusion 601 and the wedge-shaped concave groove 602
are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the upper frame 100
and the lower frame 200.
[0072] Here, layers are formed within the frames due to installing
the horizontal reinforcing frames 600. By fitting the finish frame
700, which has been described above in relation to the first
embodiment, in a space between the laid blocks 400 and the lower
surfaces of the horizontal reinforcing frames 600, the upper
surface of the frame body 701 is engaged to come in close contact
with the wedge-shaped concave groove 600 of the horizontal
reinforcing frame 600, the lower surface of the frame body 701 is
engaged to come in close contact with the wedge-shaped upper
protrusion 401 of the block 400 laid on the uppermost end portion,
and the frame body 701 is fixed by the frame body fastener 702.
[0073] A wall structure using blocks and frames each having a
wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a third
embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as
in the second embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 8, one or more
vertical intermediate frames 310 are installed between the vertical
frames 300 at both sides, an upper end and a lower end of the
vertical intermediate frame 310 are connected and coupled to a
surface of a beam and a surface of a slab, respectively, and both
side ends of the horizontal reinforcing frame 600 are fixed to side
surfaces of the vertical frames 300 and the vertical intermediate
frames 310 by a fastening material. As illustrated in FIG. 8B, the
one or more vertical intermediate frames 310 each have an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped protrusion 311 formed throughout both side
surfaces, wherein a corner of the wedge-shaped protrusion 311 is
parallel to a height direction of the pillar, and the wedge-shaped
protrusion 311 of the vertical intermediate frame 310 is engaged to
come in close contact with the wedge-shaped side concave groove 404
of the block 400 laid within the frames.
[0074] A wall structure using blocks and frames each having a
wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a fourth
embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as
in the first to third embodiments, the isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped protrusions and the isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
concave grooves of the frames, the blocks 400, and the intermediate
blocks 500 form an obtuse angle. By the wedge-shaped protrusions
and the wedge-shaped concave grooves forming an isosceles
triangular shape with an obtuse angle, it is possible to prevent
damage on the frames and blocks due to a phenomenon in which stress
is concentrated thereon.
[0075] A wall structure using blocks and frames each having a
wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a fifth
embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as
in the first to third embodiments, and binding surfaces of the
blocks 400 and the intermediate blocks 500 are finished with
water-swellable water stop rubber. The water-swellable water stop
rubber is a material that swells upon coming in contact with
moisture. Because the water-swellable water stop rubber may be
stably adhered to various materials such as concrete or metal, the
water-swellable water stop rubber may be applied to surfaces of the
blocks 400 and the intermediate blocks 500. When the
water-swellable water stop rubber swells due to moisture in a state
in which laying of the blocks 400 and the intermediate blocks 500
is completed, clearances between binding surfaces of the blocks 400
and the intermediate blocks 500 are completely blocked such that it
is possible to further improve sound insulation, windproofness, and
waterproofness of a wall formed by the laid blocks.
[0076] A wall structure using blocks and frames each having a
wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a sixth
embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as
in the first to third embodiments. As illustrated in FIG. 9, the
upper frame 100, the lower frame 200, and the vertical frames 300
of the first embodiment, the horizontal reinforcing frames 600 of
the second embodiment, and the vertical intermediate frames 310 of
the third embodiment are each formed of a double structure. The
upper frame 100, the lower frame 200, and the vertical frame 300
which are at an outer side come in close contact toward the outside
of an outer side surface of a pillar and the upper frame 100, the
lower frame 200, and the vertical frame 300 which are at an inner
side are spaced apart toward the inside of the outer side surface
of the pillar such that a space is formed between the outside and
inside frames. An insulator panel 800 is attached to the space
between the outside and inside frames such that the insulator panel
800 is positioned between walls formed by the blocks 400 laid on
the outside and inside frames.
[0077] Here, as illustrated in FIG. 9, the vertical frame 300
installed at the outer side of a pillar at an outer boundary of the
building is bent in an L-shape such that a bent inner side surface
of the vertical frame 300 is mounted to come in close contact with
an outer corner of the pillar at the outer boundary, and wall
surfaces neighboring each other with respect to the outer side
pillar share the vertical frame 300.
[0078] A wall structure using blocks and frames each having a
wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a seventh
embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as
in the sixth embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 10, the outer side
or inner side frames are formed of a double structure. As
illustrated in FIG. 14A, wedge-shaped concave grooves 101 of the
upper frame 100 at the outer side or inner side of the pillar are
disposed side by side in two columns so as to form a W-shaped
concave groove 102. As illustrated in FIG. 14B, wedge-shaped
protrusions 201 of the lower frame 200 at the outer side or inner
side of the pillar are disposed in two columns so as to form a
W-shaped protrusion 202. As illustrated in FIG. 14C, wedge-shaped
protrusions 301 of the vertical frames 300 at the outer side or
inner side of the pillar are disposed in two columns so as to form
a W-shaped protrusion 302. Two corners formed in the W-shaped
concave groove 102 are parallel to the longitudinal direction of
the upper frame 100, two corners formed in the W-shaped protrusion
202 are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lower frame
200, and two corners formed in the W-shaped protrusion 302 are
parallel to the height direction of the vertical frame 300.
[0079] A wall structure using blocks and frames each having a
wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to an eighth
embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as
in the seventh embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 11, double blocks
410 and double intermediate blocks 510 are stacked on the outer
side or inner side frames formed of the double structure according
to the sixth embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 12, the double
blocks 410 each have isosceles triangular wedge-shaped upper
protrusions 401 disposed in two columns throughout an upper surface
so as to form a W-shaped upper protrusion 411, isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped lower concave grooves 402 disposed in two columns
throughout a lower surface so as to form a W-shaped lower concave
groove 412, isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side protrusions 403
disposed in two columns throughout one side surface so as to form a
W-shaped side protrusion 413, and isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
side concave grooves 404 disposed in two columns throughout the
other side surface so as to form a W-shaped side concave groove
414.
[0080] Also, as illustrated in FIG. 13, the double intermediate
blocks 510 each have isosceles triangular wedge-shaped upper
protrusions 501 disposed in two columns throughout an upper surface
so as to form a W-shaped upper protrusion 511, isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped lower concave grooves 501 disposed in two columns
throughout a lower surface so as to form a W-shaped lower concave
groove 512, and isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side concave
grooves 503 disposed in two columns throughout both side surfaces
so as to form a W-shaped side concave groove 513.
[0081] Here, the double blocks 410 are laid in a zigzag manner so
that longitudinal side corners of the double blocks 410 are
positioned on a central portion of the upper surface or the lower
surface of the double block 410 stacked vertically adjacent
thereto. The wedge-shaped upper protrusions 411 and the
wedge-shaped lower concave grooves 412 are fitted and coupled to
each other, and the wedge-shaped side protrusions 413 and the
wedge-shaped side concave grooves 414 are fitted and coupled to
each other between the laid double blocks 410. The double
intermediate blocks 510 are fitted between the laid double blocks
410 and change a direction in which the double blocks 410 are laid,
so that the W-shaped side concave groove 414 of the laid double
block 410 may be coupled to the W-shaped protrusion 302 of the
vertical frame 300.
[0082] Also, to allow the vertical frames 300 and the double blocks
410 to be completely coupled without a gap therebetween even when
the double blocks 410 are disposed in a zigzag manner, double
blocks 410, of which ever other one has a short length, are applied
as the double blocks 410 coupled to the vertical frames 300.
[0083] A wall structure using blocks and frames each having a
wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a ninth
embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as
in the second or third embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 15, a
window frame 900 is integrally formed at a central portion of the
horizontal reinforcing frames 600, and the window frame 900 has an
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion 901 formed throughout
both side surfaces so as to head toward the vertical frames 300 at
both sides. This allows the wedge-shaped side concave groove 404 of
the block 400 laid on a frame and the wedge-shaped protrusion 901
of the window frame 900 to be coupled and fixed to each other.
[0084] A wall structure using blocks and frames each having a
wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a tenth
embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration as
in the sixth embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 16, a waterproof
plywood 810 with an adhesive layer formed thereon is attached to a
surface of the insulator panel 800.
[0085] A method of constructing the wall structure of the present
invention configured as described above is as follows.
[0086] As illustrated in FIG. 17, a method of constructing a wall
using blocks and frames each having a wedge-shaped coupling part
formed therein according to an eleventh embodiment of the present
invention includes a step of installing frames (S10), a step of
laying blocks and intermediate blocks (S40), and a step of
fastening a finish frame (S50). In the step of installing the
frames (S10), an upper frame 100 is fixed and mounted on a surface
of a beam by a fastening material, a lower frame 200 is fixed and
mounted on a surface of a slab by a fastening material, and
vertical frames 300 are fixed and mounted on inner side surfaces of
pillars by a fastening material so that ends of the upper frame 100
and the lower frame 200 are connected to ends of the vertical
frames 300.
[0087] Here, the step of installing the frames (S10) is completed
by installing the upper frame 100, which has an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped concave groove 101 formed throughout a
lower surface, so that a corner of the wedge-shaped concave groove
101 is parallel to a longitudinal direction of the beam, installing
the lower frame 200, which has an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
protrusion 201 formed throughout an upper surface, so that a corner
of the wedge-shaped protrusion 201 is parallel to a longitudinal
direction of the slab, and installing the vertical frames 300, each
of which has an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion 301
formed throughout an inner side surface, so that a corner of the
wedge-shaped protrusion 301 is parallel to a height direction of
the pillar.
[0088] When the step of installing the frames (S10) is completed,
the step of laying the blocks and intermediate blocks (S40) is
performed in which blocks 400 are laid within the frames and
intermediate blocks 500 are fitted between the blocks 400. The
blocks 400 each have an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped upper
protrusion 401 formed throughout an upper surface, an isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped lower concave groove 402 formed throughout
a lower surface, and an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side
protrusion 403 and an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side
concave groove 404 formed throughout both side surfaces. The blocks
400 are laid such that the wedge-shaped upper protrusions 401 and
the wedge-shaped lower concave grooves 402 of adjacent blocks 400
are fitted to each other, and the wedge-shaped side protrusions 403
and the wedge-shaped side concave grooves 404 of adjacent blocks
400 are fitted to each other. The blocks 400 are laid in a zigzag
manner so that longitudinal side corners of the laid blocks 400 are
positioned on a central portion of the upper surface or the lower
surface of the block 400 stacked vertically adjacent thereto. To
allow the vertical frames 300 and the blocks 400 to be completely
coupled without a gap therebetween when the blocks 400 are disposed
in a zigzag manner, blocks 400, of which ever other one has a short
length, are applied as the blocks 400 coupled to the vertical
frames 300.
[0089] Here, even when vertical and horizontal vibrations occur,
the frames fixed and mounted on the beam, slab, and pillars by the
fastening materials serve as a frame structure and prevent collapse
of a wall constructed by laying the blocks. Particularly, the
wedge-shaped upper protrusion 401, the wedge-shaped lower concave
groove 402, the wedge-shaped side protrusion 403, and the
wedge-shaped side concave groove 404 of the block 400 which are
formed in four directions, i.e., the upper, lower, left, and right
directions, cause adjacent blocks 400 to be coupled in the four
directions and are fitted to wedge-shaped concave grooves or
wedge-shaped protrusions formed in frames to allow the frames and
the blocks 400 to move integrally with pillars or slabs of a
reinforced concrete structure. In this way, detachment of the
blocks 400 due to vibration and impact is prevented, thereby
improving seismic performance.
[0090] Also, even when coupling surfaces of the blocks 400 and the
intermediate blocks 500 are not adhered with an adhesive such as
mortar, firm coupling is possible between the frames, the blocks
400, and the intermediate blocks 500 by coupling between the
wedge-shaped protrusions and wedge-shaped concave grooves formed in
the frames, blocks 400, and the intermediate blocks 500. In this
way, watertightness, sound insulation, and windproofness may be
improved as compared with a wall constructed using a conventional
bricklaying construction method.
[0091] Also, coupling between wedge-shaped concave grooves or
wedge-shaped protrusions formed in the frames and the blocks 400
allows the blocks 400 to stand on their own, thereby further
facilitating the bricklaying construction. Small clearances are
formed in coupling surfaces of wedge-shaped concave grooves and
wedge-shaped protrusions formed on four sides, i.e., upper, lower,
left, and right sides, of the blocks 400 so that, even when
vibration occurs due to external impact, an earthquake, or the
like, the blocks 400 slightly move and impact on the blocks 400 is
mitigated. Even when misalignment occurs between the blocks 400 or
between the blocks 400 and frames due to strong external impact,
inclined surfaces with which the wedge-shaped concave grooves and
wedge-shaped protrusions come in contact allow the weights of the
blocks 400 to act as a restoring force that makes central points of
adjacent blocks 400 match or central points of the blocks 400 and
frames match, thereby allowing the blocks 400 to be restored to
their original positions and further improving the seismic
performance.
[0092] The intermediate blocks 500 are fitted between the stacked
blocks 400. To change a direction in which the blocks 400 are laid,
so that the wedge-shaped side concave groove 404 of the block 400
may be coupled to the wedge-shaped protrusion 301 of the vertical
frames 300 at both sides, the intermediate block 500 has an
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped upper protrusion 501 formed
throughout an upper surface, an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
lower concave groove 502 formed throughout a lower surface, and an
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side concave groove 503 formed
throughout both side surfaces.
[0093] Here, the intermediate blocks 500 allow the wedge-shaped
side concave groove 404 of the block 400 to head toward the
vertical frames 300 at both sides, thereby allowing the
wedge-shaped protrusion 301 to be formed at side surfaces of the
vertical frames 300 at both sides. Because a thickness of the
vertical frame 300 is increased as compared with when forming a
wedge-shaped concave groove in the vertical frame 300, it is
possible to increase strength of the vertical frame 300 that also
serves as a frame structure of the wall structure according to the
present invention.
[0094] Also, preferably, the shapes of the wedge-shaped concave
grooves and wedge-shaped protrusions, which are formed in the
frames, the blocks 400, and the intermediate blocks 500, form an
isosceles triangular shape with an obtuse angle. When the isosceles
triangular shape with an obtuse angle is applied, the phenomenon in
which stress is concentrated on the corners is minimized, and it is
possible to prevent the wedge-shaped concave grooves and the
wedge-shaped protrusions of the frames, the blocks 400, and the
intermediate blocks 500 from breaking when external impact is
applied.
[0095] When the step of laying the blocks and the intermediate
blocks (S40) is completed, the step of fastening the finish frame
(S50) is performed in which a finish frame 700, which is formed of
two frame bodies 701 having a rhombic cross-section and symmetrical
to each other, is mounted in a space between the uppermost end
portion of the laid blocks 400 and the upper frame 100. The step of
fastening the finish frame (S50) is completed by fitting the two
frame bodies 701 from the inner side and outer side into the space
between the blocks 400 at the uppermost end portion and the upper
frame 100 so that an upper surface of the frame body 701 is engaged
to come in close contact with the wedge-shaped concave groove 101
of the upper frame 100 and a lower surface of the frame body 701 is
engaged to come in close contact with the wedge-shaped upper
protrusion 401 of the block 400 laid on the uppermost end portion,
and then making a frame body fastener 702 pass through and fasten
side surface parts of the two frame bodies 701, thereby fixing the
frame bodies 701.
[0096] A method of constructing a wall using blocks and frames each
having a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a
twelfth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the
construction method according to the eleventh embodiment. As
illustrated in FIG. 18, the step of installing the frames (S10)
includes a step of installing horizontal reinforcing frames (S11),
in which one or more horizontal reinforcing frames 600 are mounted
between the upper frame 100 and the lower frame 200 so as to be
parallel to the upper frame 100 and the lower frame 200. Because
the one or more horizontal reinforcing frames 600 each have an
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion 601 formed throughout
an upper surface and an isosceles triangular wedge-shaped concave
groove 602 formed throughout a lower surface, the step of fastening
the finish frame (S50), which is performed after the step of laying
the blocks and the intermediate blocks (S40), includes a step of
fastening a finish frame for horizontal reinforcement (S51), in
which the finish frame 700 is fitted and fixed between the
wedge-shaped upper protrusions 401 of the blocks 400, which are
laid on each layer formed by the horizontal reinforcing frames 600,
and the wedge-shaped concave grooves 602 of the horizontal
reinforcing frames 600.
[0097] A method of constructing a wall using blocks and frames each
having a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a
thirteenth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the
construction method according to the twelfth embodiment. As
illustrated in FIG. 19, after the step of installing the horizontal
reinforcing frames (S11) is completed, a step of installing
vertical intermediate frames (S12) is performed in which one or
more vertical intermediate frames 310 are mounted between the
vertical frames 300 at both sides. The vertical intermediate frame
310 has an upper end and a lower end directly connected and coupled
to a surface of a beam and a surface of slab, respectively, and an
isosceles triangular wedge-shaped protrusion 311 formed throughout
both side surfaces.
[0098] Here, by both side ends of the horizontal reinforcing frames
600 being fixed to side surfaces of the vertical frames 300 and the
vertical intermediate frames 310 by a fastening material, a wall
surface is divided into sections by the vertical intermediate
frames 310 and the horizontal reinforcing frames 600. In this way,
when the blocks 400 are broken due to external impact, an
earthquake, and the like, it is possible to replace only the
corresponding broken section, thereby securing the efficiency of
maintenance. By causing the blocks 400 to be fixed by the same
vertical intermediate frame 310 in adjacent sections so that the
blocks 400 are firmly coupled, it is possible to prevent detachment
of the blocks 400 due to vibration and impact and improve seismic
performance.
[0099] A method of constructing a wall using blocks and frames each
having a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a
fourteenth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the
construction method according to the eleventh to thirteenth
embodiments and is a construction method applied to walls for which
sound insulation, windproofness, and waterproofness are important.
As illustrated in FIG. 20, the step of laying the blocks and the
intermediate blocks (S40) includes a step of applying an adhesive
(S41), in which the blocks 400 and the intermediate blocks 500 are
laid after an adhesive, such as a tile adhesive, a cement glue, or
mortar, is applied on each interface of the blocks 400 and the
intermediate blocks 500. As illustrated in FIG. 16, by applying an
adhesive to the interfaces of the blocks 400 and the intermediate
blocks 500, it is possible to construct coupling surfaces of the
blocks 400 and the intermediate blocks 500 with precision by
blocking a gap therebetween and form a wall having a dense
structure, thereby further improving sound insulation,
windproofness, and waterproofness between the blocks 400 and the
intermediate blocks 500.
[0100] A method of constructing a wall using blocks and frames each
having a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a
fifteenth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the
construction method according to the eleventh to thirteenth
embodiments. As illustrated in FIG. 21, the step of installing the
frames (S10) includes a step of installing double frames (S20), in
which the frames are formed in a double layer at an outer side and
an inner side. In the step of installing the double frames (S20),
the upper frame 100, the lower frame 200, and the vertical frame
300 which are at the outer side are installed to come in close
contact toward the outside of an outer side surface of a pillar and
the upper frame 100, the lower frame 200, and the vertical frame
300 which are at an inner side are installed to be spaced apart
toward the inside of the outer side surface of the pillar so that a
space is formed between the frames at the outer side and the frames
at the inner side. After the step of installing the double frames
(S20) is completed, an insulation construction step (S30) in which
an insulator panel 800 is attached to the double frames is
performed before performing the step of laying the blocks and the
intermediate blocks (S40). In this way, it is possible to improve
insulation performance.
[0101] A method of constructing a wall using blocks and frames each
having a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a
sixteenth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the
construction method according to the fifteenth embodiment. As
illustrated in FIG. 22, the step of installing the double frames
(S20) includes a step of installing W-shaped frames having double
joining surfaces (S21), in which wedge-shaped concave grooves or
wedge-shaped protrusions formed in the outer side or inner side
frames are disposed side by side in two columns so as to form a
W-shaped concave groove or a W-shaped protrusion. In the step of
installing the W-shaped frames having the double joining surfaces
(S21), by forming W-shaped frames having double joining surfaces,
in which wedge-shaped concave grooves 101 of the upper frame 100 at
the outer side or inner side are disposed side by side in two
columns so as to form a W-shaped concave groove 102, wedge-shaped
protrusions 201 of the lower frame 200 at the outer side or inner
side are disposed in two columns so as to form a W-shaped
protrusion 202, and wedge-shaped protrusions 301 of the vertical
frame 300 at the outer side or inner side are disposed in two
columns so as to form a W-shaped protrusion 302, it is possible to
maintain firm coupling between the frames and the blocks 400 even
when design of a building requires forming a thick wall
surface.
[0102] A method of constructing a wall using blocks and frames each
having a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a
seventeenth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the
construction method according to the sixteenth embodiment. As
illustrated in FIG. 23, the step of laying the blocks and the
intermediate blocks (S40) includes a step of laying double blocks
and double intermediate blocks on W-shaped frames at the outer side
or inner side (S42), in which, on the W-shaped frames formed by the
step of installing the W-shaped frames having the double joining
surfaces (S21), double blocks 410 are laid and double intermediate
blocks 510 are fitted and fixed between the double blocks 410,
wherein the double block 410 is formed by connecting the two blocks
400 side by side so that the shapes of the wedge-shaped side
protrusion 403 and the wedge-shaped concave groove 404 form a
W-shape, and the double intermediate block 510 is formed by
connecting the two intermediate blocks 500 side by side so that the
shape of the wedge-shaped side concave groove 503 forms a W-shape.
The double block 410 has isosceles triangular wedge-shaped upper
protrusions 401 disposed in two columns throughout an upper surface
so as to form a W-shaped upper protrusion 411, isosceles triangular
wedge-shaped lower concave grooves 402 disposed in two columns
throughout a lower surface so as to form a W-shaped lower concave
groove 412, isosceles triangular wedge-shaped side protrusions 403
disposed in two columns throughout one side surface so as to form a
W-shaped side protrusion 413, and isosceles triangular wedge-shaped
side concave grooves 404 disposed in two columns throughout the
other side surface so as to form a W-shaped side concave groove
414. The W-shaped protrusions and W-shaped concave grooves of the
double blocks 410 are coupled to the double frames formed in the
step of forming the W-shaped frames having the double joining
surfaces (S21).
[0103] Also, in the step of laying the double blocks and the double
intermediate blocks on the W-shaped frames at the outer side or
inner side (S42), by the wedge-shaped upper protrusion 411 and the
wedge-shaped lower concave groove 412 of adjacent double blocks 410
being fitted to each other, and the wedge-shaped side protrusion
413 and the wedge-shaped side concave groove 414 of adjacent double
blocks 410 being fitted to each other, the double blocks 410 are
laid in a zigzag manner so that longitudinal side corners of the
double blocks 410 are positioned on a central portion of the upper
surface or the lower surface of the double block 410 stacked
vertically adjacent thereto.
[0104] Here, to allow the vertical frames 300 and the double blocks
410 to be completely coupled without a gap therebetween even when
the double blocks 410 are disposed in a zigzag manner, double
blocks 410, of which ever other one has a short length, are applied
as the double blocks 410 coupled to the vertical frames 300.
[0105] Also, the double intermediate block 510 has isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped upper protrusions 501 disposed in two
columns throughout an upper surface so as to form a W-shaped upper
protrusion 511, isosceles triangular wedge-shaped lower concave
grooves 502 disposed in two columns throughout a lower surface so
as to form a W-shaped lower concave groove 512, and isosceles
triangular wedge-shaped side concave grooves 503 disposed in two
columns throughout both side surfaces so as to form a W-shaped side
concave groove 513. By fitting the double intermediate block 510
between the double blocks 410, the direction in which the double
blocks 410 are laid is changed so that the W-shaped side concave
groove 414 of the double block 410 may be coupled to the W-shaped
protrusion 301 of the vertical frame 300.
[0106] Here, when the double blocks 410 and the double intermediate
blocks 510 are laid on the W-shaped frames having the double
joining surfaces in the step of laying the double blocks and the
double intermediate blocks on the W-shaped frames at the outer side
or inner side (S42), the number of blocks being laid is reduced
such that the process time is shortened, and firmer coupling is
possible between the blocks or between the blocks and frames as
compared with when a single-type wedge-shaped protrusion and a
single-type wedge-shaped concave groove are coupled. In this way,
it is possible to more effectively prevent the detachment of the
blocks due to vibration and impact.
[0107] A method of constructing a wall using blocks and frames each
having a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to an
eighteenth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the
construction method according to the twelfth or thirteenth
embodiment. As illustrated in FIG. 24, the step of installing the
horizontal reinforcing frames (S11) includes a step of installing
horizontal reinforcing frames having a window frame integrally
formed therewith (511A) in which, when installing the horizontal
reinforcing frames 600, the horizontal reinforcing frames 600 whose
central portion is integrally formed with a window frame 900 are
mounted so as to be parallel to the upper frame 100 and the lower
frame 200. By the wedge-shaped side concave groove 404 of the block
400 being fitted and firmly fixed to the wedge-shaped protrusion
901 formed at a side surface of the window frame 900 integrally
manufactured with the horizontal reinforcing frame 600, the window
frame 900 is integrally formed with the upper frame 100, the lower
frame 200, and the vertical frames 300. In this way it is possible
to allow a window to have structural strength, eliminate the need
for a separate window frame 900 construction process, thus
preventing damage to a structural wall that may occur in the
process of constructing the window frame 900, and reduce the cost
and time for installing the window frame 900.
[0108] A method of constructing a wall using blocks and frames each
having a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a
nineteenth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the
construction method according to the fifteenth embodiment. As
illustrated in FIG. 25, the insulation construction step (S30)
includes a step of attaching a waterproof plywood (S31), in which a
waterproof plywood 810 with an adhesive layer formed thereon is
attached to a surface of the insulator panel 800. In this way, it
is possible to further improve water resistance of the wall.
[0109] A method of constructing a wall using blocks and frames each
having a wedge-shaped coupling part formed therein according to a
twentieth embodiment of the present invention is the same as the
construction method according to the eleventh to thirteenth
embodiments. As illustrated in FIG. 26, the step of laying the
blocks and the intermediate blocks (S40) of the eleventh to
thirteenth embodiments may include a step of laying blocks and
intermediate blocks which have coupling surfaces to which
water-swellable water stop rubber is applied (S43), in which the
blocks 400 and the intermediate blocks 500 which have binding
surfaces finished with the water-swellable water stop rubber are
laid. As described above, by swelling due to moisture, the
water-swellable water stop rubber may improve sound insulation,
windproofness, and waterproofness of a wall formed by the laid
blocks. By applying the blocks 400 and the intermediate blocks 500
whose binding surfaces are finished with the water-swellable water
stop rubber instead of applying the water-swellable water stop
rubber in the middle of the wall construction, it is possible to
complete the bricklaying process more promptly.
[0110] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been
described above, but those of ordinary skill in the art to which
the present invention pertains should understand that the present
invention may be performed in other specific forms without changing
the technical idea or essential features of the present
invention.
[0111] Therefore, the embodiments described above should be
understood as being illustrative in all aspects, instead of
limiting. The scope of the present invention, which has been
described in the detailed description above, is shown in the claims
below. All changes or modifications derived from the meaning and
scope of the claims and their equivalents should be interpreted as
falling within the scope of the present invention.
* * * * *