U.S. patent application number 16/793427 was filed with the patent office on 2020-06-18 for liquid crystal display.
The applicant listed for this patent is BenQ Materials Corporation. Invention is credited to Cyun-Tai Hong, Chen-Kuan Kuo, Fung-Hsu Wu.
Application Number | 20200192112 16/793427 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 65018578 |
Filed Date | 2020-06-18 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20200192112 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Kuo; Chen-Kuan ; et
al. |
June 18, 2020 |
Liquid Crystal Display
Abstract
A light redirecting film in a sandwich-laminated structure is
provided. The light redirecting film comprises a first layer, a
second layer; and an intermediate layer sandwiched between the
first layer and the second layer. The intermediate layer includes a
first grating surface having a plurality of first gratings
extending in a first grating direction and a second grating surface
opposite to the first grating surface having a plurality of second
gratings extending in a second grating direction, wherein the first
grating direction and the second grating direction cross each other
at an angle of 90.degree..+-.10.degree., and the first grating
surface and the second grating surface of the intermediate layer
are gap-filled and planarized with the first layer and the second
layer respectively to generate the light redirecting film.
Inventors: |
Kuo; Chen-Kuan; (Taoyuan,
TW) ; Hong; Cyun-Tai; (Taoyuan, TW) ; Wu;
Fung-Hsu; (Taoyuan, TW) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
BenQ Materials Corporation |
Taoyuan |
|
TW |
|
|
Family ID: |
65018578 |
Appl. No.: |
16/793427 |
Filed: |
February 18, 2020 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
15821893 |
Nov 24, 2017 |
|
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16793427 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G02B 1/04 20130101; G02B
5/1823 20130101; G02B 27/4272 20130101; G02B 5/1866 20130101; G02B
5/0252 20130101; G02B 5/1852 20130101; G02B 5/1842 20130101; G02B
5/1847 20130101; G02B 27/4211 20130101; G02B 5/0278 20130101 |
International
Class: |
G02B 27/42 20060101
G02B027/42; G02B 1/04 20060101 G02B001/04; G02B 5/18 20060101
G02B005/18; G02B 5/02 20060101 G02B005/02 |
Claims
1. A liquid crystal display (LCD) comprising: a liquid crystal
panel; and a light redirecting film in a sandwich-laminated
structure attached in front of the displaying side of the liquid
crystal panel, comprising: a first layer having a first refraction
index of n1; a second layer having a third refraction index of n3;
and an intermediate layer having a second refraction index of n2,
disposed between the first layer and the second layer, including a
first grating surface having a plurality of first gratings
extending in a first grating direction and a second grating surface
opposite to the first grating surface having a plurality of second
gratings extending in a second grating direction, wherein the first
grating direction and the second grating direction cross each other
at an angle of 90.degree..+-.10.degree., and the first grating
surface and the second grating surface of the intermediate layer
are gap-filled and planarized with the first layer and the second
layer respectively, and n2 is greater than n1 and n3; wherein,
gamma values reflecting to the contrast ration and color saturation
of the LCD are greater than 0.9 at different horizontal and/or
vertical viewing angles .ltoreq.80 degrees.
2. The liquid crystal display (LCD) according to claim 1, wherein
the first refraction index of n1, the second refraction index of
n2, and the third refraction index of n3 are all in the range of
1.4 to 1.7.
3. The liquid crystal display (LCD) according to claim 1, wherein
the difference of n2 and n1 is no less than 0.1 and no more than
0.3.
4. The liquid crystal display (LCD) according to claim 1, wherein
the difference of n2 and n3 is no less than 0.1 and no more than
0.3.
5. The liquid crystal display (LCD) according to claim 1, wherein
each of the first gratings has a width of w1, each of the second
gratings has a width of w2, and w1, w2 are independently in the
range of 0.3 .mu.m to 1.5 .mu.m.
6. The liquid crystal display (LCD) according to claim 1, wherein
each of the first gratings has a depth of d1, each of the second
gratings has a depth of d2, and d1, d2 are independently in the
range of 0.5 .mu.m to 1.5 .mu.m.
7. The liquid crystal display (LCD) according to claim 1, wherein
the grating gap of g1 between adjacent two of the first gratings
and the grating gap of g2 between adjacent two of the second
gratings are independently in the range of 0.3 .mu.m to 1.5
.mu.m.
8. The liquid crystal display (LCD) according to claim 1, wherein
the widths, the depths and the grating gaps of the first gratings
and the second gratings can be the same or different.
9. The liquid crystal display (LCD) according to claim 1, further
comprising an optical film adhered to the light redirecting film,
wherein the optical film is selected from one of a group consisting
of a polarizing film, a hard-coating film, a low reflective film,
an anti-reflective film, an anti-glaring film and a protective film
or combinations thereof.
Description
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional
application Ser. No. 62/535145, filed on Jul. 20, 2017, and U.S.
provisional application Ser. No. 62/535,154, filed on Jul. 20,
2017, and U.S. utility application Ser. No. 15/821,893, filed on
Nov. 24, 2017, the subject matters of which are incorporated herein
by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
[0002] The invention relates in general to a light redirecting
film, and more particularly relates to a light redirecting film for
enhancing optical performance of a display, such as contrast ratio,
color saturation and color accuracy at wide viewing angles.
Description of the Related Art
[0003] The displays with the features of high contrast, no gray
level inversion, small color shift, high color accuracy, high
brightness, high color richness, high color saturation, fast
response speed and wide viewing angle are current market trends.
The liquid crystal is a modulation material with a high efficiency
refractive index used in the display product. However, the
symmetries of the liquid crystal molecules at different viewing
angles are different, and thus, the optical paths of a normal light
and an oblique light penetrating through the liquid crystal in the
display will be different. Therefore, general displays such as
liquid crystal displays (LCDs) or organic light emitting diode
(OLED) displays with materials of different illuminant wavelength
and different intensity at different viewing angles are prone to
appear color washout or gray-scale inversion phenomenon at wide
viewing angles which result in lower contrast ratio or abnormal
color performance of images.
[0004] Several approaches for improving the disadvantages of
display have been proposed. For example, the equalized images at
central viewing angles and at wide viewing angles of a display can
be achieved by using a wide viewing angle film for a twisted
nematic (TN) liquid crystal display, or by using a multi-domain
vertical alignment (MVA) display, or by using a diffusion layer or
a diffraction layer on the surface of display.
[0005] However, the wide viewing angle film for the TN liquid
crystal display is expensive; the manufacturing process of MVA
display is complicated and too costly, and the process yield is
low; the diffusion layer is difficult to precisely control the
light emitted from the different viewing angles of the display, and
it is difficult for the diffraction layer to simultaneously control
the different dimensional light paths with only a single
diffraction structure layer.
[0006] Therefore, the present invention is to provide a light
redirecting film with two-dimensional diffraction structure for
display, such as LCD and OLED to reduce the color washout and/or
gray-scale inversion phenomenon and enhance the performance of the
display.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0007] The present invention discloses a light redirecting film in
a sandwich-laminated structure. The light redirecting film
comprises a first layer; a second layer; and an intermediate layer
sandwiched between the first layer and the second layer. The
intermediate layer includes a first grating surface having a
plurality of first gratings extending in a first grating direction
and a second grating surface opposite to the first grating surface
having a plurality of second gratings extending in a second grating
direction, wherein the first grating direction and the second
grating direction cross each other at an angle of
90.degree..+-.10.degree.. The first grating surface and the second
grating surface of the intermediate layer are gap-filled and
planarized with the first layer and the second layer respectively
to generate the light redirecting film.
[0008] In an aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, the first layer has a first refraction index of n1, the
intermediate layer has of a second refraction index of n2, the
second layer has a third refraction index of n3, and n1, n2 and n3
are all in the range of 1.4 to 1.7.
[0009] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, n2 is greater than n1 and n3.
[0010] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, n1 and n3 can be the same or different.
[0011] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, n2 and n1 is no less than 0.1 and no more than 0.3.
[0012] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, the difference of n2 and n3 is no less than 0.1 and no
more than 0.3.
[0013] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, each of the first gratings has a width of w1, each of
the second gratings has a width of w2, and w1 and w2 are
independently in the range of 0.3 .mu.m to 1.5 .mu.m.
[0014] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, each of the first gratings has a depth of d1, each of
the second gratings has a depth of d2, and d1 and d2 are
independently in the range of 0.5 .mu.m to 1.5 .mu.m.
[0015] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, the grating gap of g1 between adjacent two of the first
gratings and the grating gap of g2 between adjacent two of the
second gratings are independently in the range of 0.3 .mu.m to 1.5
.mu.m.
[0016] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, the widths, the depths and the grating gaps of the first
gratings and the second gratings can be the same or different.
[0017] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, the light redirecting film further comprises an optical
film adhered to the light redirecting film, wherein the optical
film is selected from one of a group consisting of a polarizing
film, a hard-coating film, a low reflective film, an
anti-reflective film, an anti-glaring film and a protective film or
combinations thereof.
[0018] The above and other aspects of the invention will become
better understood with regard to the following detailed description
of the preferred but non-limiting embodiment(s). The following
description is made with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] FIG. 1A is a stereoscopic perspective view of a light
redirecting film of a preferred embodiment of the present
invention;
[0020] FIG. 1B is a stereoscopic perspective view of a first
grating surface and a second grating surface of the intermediate
layer of the light redirecting film as illustrated in FIG. 1A;
[0021] FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view along with D2 direction of
the first grating surface of the intermediate layer as illustrated
in FIG. 1B;
[0022] FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view along with D1 direction of
the second grating surface of the intermediate layer as illustrated
in FIG. 1B;
[0023] FIG. 3A is a stereoscopic perspective view of another light
redirecting film of a preferred embodiment of the present
invention; and
[0024] FIG. 3B is a stereoscopic perspective view of another light
redirecting film of a preferred embodiment of the present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0025] The detailed description provided below in connection with
the appended drawings is intended as a description of the present
examples and is not intended to represent the only forms in which
the present example may be constructed or utilized. The description
sets forth the functions of the example and the sequence of steps
for constructing and operating the example. However, the same or
equivalent functions and sequences may be accomplished by different
examples.
[0026] In the following description, numerous specific details are
described in detail in order to enable the reader to fully
understand the following examples. However, embodiments of the
present invention may be practiced in case no such specific
details. In other cases, in order to simplify the drawings, the
structure of the apparatus known only schematically depicted in
figures.
[0027] Referred to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, FIG. 1A shows a perspective
view of a light redirecting film 10 which is in a
sandwich-laminated structure. FIG. 1B shows a perspective view of a
first grating surface and a second grating surface of an
intermediate layer 14 of the light redirecting film 10 as
illustrated in FIG. 1A. As shown in FIG. 1A, the light redirecting
film 10 comprises a first layer 12, a second layer 16, and an
intermediate layer 14 sandwiched between the first layer 12 and the
second layer 16. As shown in FIG. 1B, the intermediate layer 14
includes a first grating surface 14a having a plurality of first
gratings 141 extending in a first grating direction (D1) and a
second grating surface 14b opposite to the first grating surface
14a having a plurality of second gratings 142 extending in a second
grating direction (D2), wherein the first grating direction (D1)
and the second grating direction (D2) cross each other at an angle
of 90.degree..+-.10.degree.. The first grating surface 14a and the
second grating surface 14b of the intermediate layer 14 are
gap-filled and planarized with the first layer 12 and the second
layer 16 respectively to generate the light redirecting film 10 as
illustrated in FIG. 1A.
[0028] In an aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, the first layer 12 has a first refraction index of n1,
the intermediate layer 14 has a second refraction index of n2, the
second layer 16 has a third refraction index of n3, and n1, n2 and
n3 are all in the range of 1.4 to 1.7. The materials of the first
layer 12, the intermediate layer 14 and the second layer 16 can be
a UV curable resin or a thermal curable resin, such as acrylic
resin, silicone resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin or
combinations thereof.
[0029] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, n2 is higher than n1 and n3.
[0030] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, n1 and n3 can be the same or different.
[0031] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, the difference of n2 and n1 is no less than 0.1 and no
more than 0.3.
[0032] In another aspect of the light redirecting film of present
invention, the difference of n2 and n3 is no less than 0.1 and no
more than 0.3.
[0033] The dimensions of the first gratings 141 of the first
grating surface 14a and the second gratings 142 of the second
grating surface 14b can be determined by the demands of different
designs of displays. Referred to FIG. 1B, FIG. 2A, and FIG. 2B,
FIG. 2A shows a cross-sectional view along with D2 direction of the
first grating surface 14a of the intermediate layer 14 as
illustrated in FIG. 1B. As shown in FIG. 2A, in another aspect of
the light redirecting film of present invention, each of the first
gratings 141 of the first grating surface 14a has a width of w1 in
the range of 0.3 .mu.m to 1.5 .mu.m, and preferably in the range of
0.4 .mu.m to 0.6 .mu.m, a depth of d1 in the range of 0.5 .mu.m to
1.5 .mu.m, and preferably in the range of 0.7 .mu.m to 1.3 .mu.m. A
grating gap of g1 between adjacent two of the first gratings 141 is
in the range of 0.3 .mu.m to 1.5 .mu.m, and preferably in the range
of 0.4 .mu.m to 0.6 .mu.m. The first gratings 141 of the first
grating surface 14a can have the same or different dimensions, and
can be sequentially and periodically or randomly formed on the
first grating surface 14a of the intermediate layer 14.
[0034] FIG. 2B shows a cross-sectional view along with D1 direction
of the second grating surface 14b of the intermediate layer 14 as
illustrated in FIG. 1B. As shown in FIG. 2B, in another aspect of
the light redirecting film of present invention, each of the second
gratings 142 of the second grating surface 14b has a width of w2 in
the range of 0.3 .mu.m to 1.5 .mu.m, and preferably in the range of
0.4 .mu.m to 0.6 .mu.m, and a depth of d2 in the range of 0.5 .mu.m
to 1.5 .mu.m, and preferably in the range of 0.7 .mu.m to 1.3
.mu.m. A grating gap of g2 between adjacent two of the second
gratings 142 is in the range of 0.3 .mu.m to 1.5 .mu.m, and
preferably in the range of 0.4 .mu.m to 0.6 .mu.m. The second
gratings 142 of the second grating surface 14b can have the same or
different dimensions, and can be sequentially and periodically or
randomly formed on the second grating surface 14b of the
intermediate layer 14.
[0035] The first grating surface 14a and the second grating surface
14b of the intermediate layer 14 can be adapted to improve the
color washout or gray-scale inversion phenomenon at horizontal
viewing angles and vertical viewing angles of the display
respectively. Furthermore, the patterns and dimension settings,
such as width, depth and grating gap of the first gratings 141 and
the second gratings 142 can be the same or different from each
other depending on the demands of different designs of displays. In
an embodiment of the invention, the widths, the depths and the
grating gaps of the first gratings 141 of the first grating surface
14a and the second gratings 142 of the second grating surface 14b
are the same. In another embodiment of the invention, the widths,
the depths and the grating gaps of the first gratings 141 of the
first grating surface 14a and the second gratings 142 of the second
grating surface 14b are different.
[0036] The light emitted from each pixel of the display, such as
LCD, can pass through the first grating surface 14a and the second
grating surface 14b of the intermediate layer 14 respectively.
Therefore, the light emitted from each pixel of the display can be
redirected to the desired horizontal and vertical viewing angles
simultaneously. In addition, compared to a light redirecting film
consisted of two laminated conventional diffraction layers, the
light redirecting film of the present disclosure may omit
individual encapsulation layers for each conventional diffraction
layer, and simplify the design for different refractive indexes of
materials of the different layers. Therefore, the light redirecting
film of the integrated laminate structure can also reduce the
influence on the light transmittance of display.
[0037] In a further preferred embodiment of the light redirecting
film 10 of the present invention, the present light redirecting
film 10 is able to be adhered to at least one optical film (not
shown) such as, for example, polarizing film, hard-coating film,
low reflective film, anti-reflective film, anti-glaring film and
protective film or to a display panel directly.
[0038] Referred to FIG. 3A, FIG. 3A is a stereoscopic perspective
view of another light redirecting film of another preferred
embodiment of the present invention. A polarizer 18 can be adhered
to the second layer 16 of the light redirecting film 10 of the
present invention. The polarizer 18 comprises a first protecting
layer 181, a polarizing layer 182 and a second protecting layer
183. The light redirecting film 10 of the present invention can be
adhered to a protecting layer 181 of the conventional polarizer 18
by an adhesive layer (not shown), and the direction of the
absorption axis (not shown) of the polarizing layer 182 is parallel
to the first grating direction (D1) of the first gratings or the
second grating direction (D2) of the second gratings. In another
embodiment of the present invention, the light redirecting film 10
can also be adhered to a conventional polarizer by a curable second
layer 16 without other adhesive layer.
[0039] Referred to FIG. 3B, FIG. 3B is a stereoscopic perspective
view of another light redirecting film of a preferred embodiment of
the present invention. The light redirecting film 10 is used as one
of the protective layer of an integrated polarizer 19. For example,
the integrated polarizer 19 comprises a first protecting layer 191
and a polarizing layer 192, and the light redirecting film 10 is
adhered to the polarizing layer 192 of the integrated polarizer 19
by the second layer 16, and therefore, the light redirecting film
10 can be directly substituted and used as one protective layer of
the integrated polarizer 19.
EXAMPLE
Example 1
[0040] In Example 1, a light redirecting film 10 is provided. The
light redirecting film 10 of this example comprises a intermediate
layer 14 having a first grating surface 14a and a second grating
surface 14b opposite to each other, and a plurality of grating
structures, such as gratings 1.about.11, with various dimension and
patterns as listed in Table 1 are sequential and periodically
formed on the first grating surface 14a and the second grating
surface 14b respectively, wherein the first grating surface 14a and
the second grating surface 14b of the intermediate layer 14 are of
the same dimensions and patterns, except that the first grating
direction (D1) of the first gratings 141 and the second grating
direction (D2) of the second gratings 142 cross over at an angle of
90.degree.. The refraction indexes of the first layer 12, the
intermediate layer 14 and the second layer of the light redirecting
film are 1.5, 1.6 and 1.5, respectively. More or less gratings
formed on the first grating surface 14a and the second grating
surface 14b can also be generated according to this present
invention.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Dimensions of gratings on the first grating
surface and the second grating surface of the intermediate layer of
the light redirecting film Dimensions Gratings of gratings 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 widths of w1, w2 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5
0.4 0.4 0.4 (.mu.m) depths of d1, d2 1.3 0.8 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.2
1.0 0.7 0.8 0.8 (.mu.m) grating gaps of 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.4
0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 g1, g2 (.mu.m)
Example 2
[0041] In Example 2, a light redirecting film 10 is provided. The
light redirecting film 10 of this example comprises an intermediate
layer 14 having a first grating surface 14a and a second grating
surface 14b, and a plurality of grating structures, such as
gratings 1.about.11, with various dimension and patterns as listed
in Table 1 are sequential and repeatedly formed on the first
grating surface 14a, and a plurality of grating structures, such as
gratings 12.about.20, with various dimension and patterns as listed
in Table 2 are sequential and repeatedly formed on the second
grating surface 14b respectively, wherein the first grating surface
14a and the second grating surface 14b of the intermediate layer 14
are of different dimensions and patterns, and the first grating
direction (D1) of the first grating surface 14a and the second
grating direction (D2) of the second grating surface 14b cross at
an angle of 90.degree.. The refraction indexes of the first layer
12, the intermediate layer 14 and the second layer 16 of the light
redirecting film are 1.5, 1.6 and 1.5, respectively. More or less
gratings formed on the first grating surface 14a and the second
grating surface 14b can also be generated according to this present
invention.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Dimensions of gratings on the second grating
surface of the intermediate layer of the light redirecting film
Gratings Dimensions of gratings 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 widths
of w2 (.mu.m) 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.81 0.81 0.81 1.28 1.28 1.28 depths of
d2 (.mu.m) 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 grating gaps of g2
(.mu.m) 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.81 0.81 0.81 1.28 1.28 1.28
[0042] Gamma-value is an index reflecting to the contrast ration
and color saturation of a display. Higher gamma-value represents
that the display provides a better contrast ratio and more
saturated color.
[0043] The LC display used for measuring the gamma-value is 50''
HERAN 504K-C1(296H01) with 3840.times.2160 resolution. The
gamma-values at different horizontal angles of a LC display with a
light redirecting film of the present invention and a LC display
without the present light redirecting film, as comparative example,
are measured and showed in the following Table 3. The light
redirecting films of Examples 1 to 2 are attached in front of the
LCD.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 The gamma value at different horizontal
viewing angles Horizontal viewing angle 0.degree. 10.degree.
20.degree. 30.degree. 40.degree. 50.degree. 60.degree. 70.degree.
80.degree. Comparative example 2.24 2.03 1.71 1.44 1.23 1.07 0.94
0.87 0.87 Example 1 1.81 1.74 1.60 1.43 1.27 1.13 1.02 0.96 0.99
Example 2 1.88 1.81 1.63 1.46 1.29 1.14 1.03 0.97 1.00
[0044] The data shown in Table 3 indicate that the light
redirecting films of Examples 1 to 2 can improve the contrast ratio
and color saturation at horizontal viewing angles from 40.degree.
to 80.degree., compared to the LCD without the light redirecting
film of this invention.
[0045] The gamma-values at different vertical angles of a LC
display with a light redirecting film of the present invention and
a LC display without the present light redirecting film, as
comparative example, are measured and showed in the following Table
4.
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 4 The gamma-values at different vertical
viewing angles Vertical viewing angle 0.degree. 10.degree.
20.degree. 30.degree. 40.degree. 50.degree. 60.degree. 70.degree.
80.degree. Comparative 2.24 1.91 1.58 1.32 1.14 0.99 0.87 0.81 0.80
example Example 1 1.81 1.72 1.54 1.37 1.21 1.09 1.01 0.95 0.97
Example 2 1.88 1.77 1.57 1.38 1.23 1.12 1.03 0.96 0.96
[0046] From the results of Examples 1 to 2 and Comparative
Examples, the data shown in Table 4 indicate that the light
redirecting films of Examples 1 to 2 attached in front of the LCD
can enhance the contrast ratio and color saturation at vertical
viewing angles from 30.degree. to 80.degree., compared to the LCD
without the light redirecting film.
[0047] Although particular embodiments have been shown and
described, it should be understood that the above discussion is not
intended to limit the present invention to these embodiments.
Persons skilled in the art will understand that various changes and
modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the
present invention as literally and equivalently covered by the
following claims.
* * * * *