U.S. patent application number 16/310943 was filed with the patent office on 2020-05-07 for shaft-hub connection.
The applicant listed for this patent is Guido KOCHSIEK. Invention is credited to Guido KOCHSIEK.
Application Number | 20200141449 16/310943 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 56289376 |
Filed Date | 2020-05-07 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20200141449 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
KOCHSIEK; Guido |
May 7, 2020 |
SHAFT-HUB CONNECTION
Abstract
For providing a shaft-hub connection which doesn't require
additional transmission elements or intermediate elements, assures
a better position of the load transfer angle and can be
manufactured economically with the required quality and precision,
the disclosure proposes a shaft-hub connection having an alignment
gearing with a plurality of dogs, wherein the dogs comprise a
contour in cross section, which runs, at least partially, along a
prolonged trochoid.
Inventors: |
KOCHSIEK; Guido;
(Leopoldshoehe, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
KOCHSIEK; Guido |
Leopoldshoehe |
|
DE |
|
|
Family ID: |
56289376 |
Appl. No.: |
16/310943 |
Filed: |
June 28, 2017 |
PCT Filed: |
June 28, 2017 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP2017/065968 |
371 Date: |
December 18, 2018 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F16D 2065/1356 20130101;
F16D 1/0852 20130101; F16D 3/06 20130101; F16D 2001/102 20130101;
F16D 65/123 20130101; F16D 1/10 20130101; F16D 1/0876 20130101;
F16D 1/104 20130101; F16D 2250/00 20130101 |
International
Class: |
F16D 1/08 20060101
F16D001/08; F16D 1/10 20060101 F16D001/10 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jun 28, 2016 |
EP |
16176697.7 |
Claims
1. A shaft-hub connection comprising an alignment gearing having a
plurality of dogs, wherein the dogs comprise a contour in cross
section, which runs, at least partially, along a prolonged
trochoid.
2. The shaft-hub connection according to claim 1, wherein the
prolonged trochoid is a prolonged hypotrochoid.
3. The shaft-hub connection according to claim 1, wherein the
prolonged trochoid is a prolonged epitrochoid.
4. The shaft-hub connection according to claim 1, wherein there are
also dogs having different contours.
5. The shaft-hub connection according to claim 4, wherein the dogs
having different contours belong to involute gearings, parallel
tooth systems and/or fine serrations.
6. The shaft-hub connection according to claim 1, wherein the shaft
and the hub can be axially displaced with respect to each
other.
7. The shaft-hub connection according to claim 1, wherein the shaft
and the hub are pressed together.
8. The shaft-hub connection according to claim 1, wherein at least
one of the tooth systems is manufactured by means of non-round
turning.
9. The shaft-hub connection according to claim 1, wherein the dogs
comprise an undercut.
10. The shaft-hub connection according to claim 1, wherein the
number of the dogs of the shaft and the hub is defined on the base
of same basic parameters.
11. The shaft-hub connection according to claim 1, wherein
contactless areas are formed in the contour of the dogs.
12. The shaft-hub connection according to claim 1, wherein the
alignment gearing comprises stepped areas in the axial direction.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a National Stage of International
Application No. PCT/EP2017/065968 filed on Jun. 28, 2017. This
application claims the priority to European Patent Application No.
16176697.7, filed on Jun. 28, 2016. The entire disclosures of the
above applications are incorporated herein by reference.
FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates to a shaft-hub connection
comprising an alignment gearing.
BACKGROUND
[0003] This section provides background information related to the
present disclosure which is not necessarily prior art.
[0004] Such shaft-hub connections are widely known and used in the
state of the art. An alignment gearing is a multiple drive-type
fastening. The torques are usually transmitted by means of the
toothed flanks. The outside of the shaft is toothed and the inside
of the hub is toothed. Dogs project from the outside of the shaft
and from the inside of the hub. Corresponding recesses are formed
on the respectively opposite element. There are interspaces between
the dogs, which interspaces will be filled out by the material of
the opposite element.
[0005] Such alignment gearings are known as involute gearings,
parallel tooth systems or fine serrations, depending on the
formation and the contour of the teeth.
[0006] In usual shaft-hub connections feather key plug-in toothing
connections, round crimping connections or other connections
comprising intermediate elements are widely used. The use of the
intermediate elements shall assure the contact contour required for
the torque transmission. Other fitting connections known in the
state of the art also know dogs having polygonal outer contours, to
which belong for example the so-called H or P3G profiles. In
particular in case of high loads and big structural parts
considerable disadvantages will be found. The connections comprise
a full-surface form-fit. The power transmission takes place at
every point of the contour normal, i.e. perpendicularly to the
surface normal. In an ideal manner and particularly in case of
heavy loads, the load transfer angle should be tangential with
respect to the centre of the structural components. But this is not
the case for the known polygon shapes. Furthermore, polygon shapes
of dogs are difficult or complicate to manufacture.
SUMMARY
[0007] This section provides a general summary of the disclosure,
and is not a comprehensive disclosure of its full scope or all of
its features.
[0008] Based upon the above described state of the art it is the
object of the present disclosure to provide a shaft-hub connection
which doesn't require any additional transmission elements or
intermediate elements, assures a better position of the load
transfer angle and can be manufactured economically with the
required quality and precision.
[0009] For the technical solution of this problem a shaft-hub
connection having the features of claim 1 is proposed. Other
advantages and features will become apparent from the
sub-claims.
[0010] According to the disclosure, the dogs comprise a contour in
cross section, which contour extends at least partially along a
prolonged trochoid.
[0011] The dogs comprise a contour in cross section, i.e. an
extension of the contour which thus runs, at least in places or
partially, along a prolonged trochoid.
[0012] A shaft-hub connection in the sense of the present
disclosure comprises any connection between an inner and an outer
structural component for the purpose of torque transmission. These
connections also include disk-shaped hubs, such as for example
general clutches, multi-plate clutches, brake disks connections in
the field of wind power technology, connections between a ship's
propeller and a drive shaft as well as other connection
assemblies.
[0013] A cycloid, which is also called cyclic curve, is a path
followed by a circle point during the rolling of a circle on a
guiding curve. The guiding curve can be for example a straight line
or also a circle. Like this, for example hypocycloids or
epicycloids and also hypotrochoids or epitrochoids are generated.
The typical hypocycloid or hypotrochoid is generated by a point P
of a circle having the radius R, which point rolls on the inner
side of another circle without slipping. The typical epicycloid or
epitrochoid is generated by a point P of a circle, which point
rolls on the outer side of another circle without slipping. The
distance a between the point P and the centre of the radius R is
important. If the distance a does not equal the radius R, one
speaks of trochoids, otherwise one speaks of a usual cycloid. If a
is smaller than R, one speaks of shortened trochoids. If a is
larger than R, one speaks of prolonged trochoids.
[0014] Prolonged trochoids are characterized by their discontinuous
form, i.e. the curves intersect with each other during the curve
progression. While the state of the art describes closed cycloids
with respect to the type of the connection contour, the disclosure
refers to subparts or sections of the respective prolonged
trochoids which form a connector cross section between the shaft
and the hub. Thanks to the use of prolonged trochoids, the force
transmission of torque transmissions will be clearly improved in
comparison to other cycloid types. It is in particular possible to
create a steeper dog shape. In this way it is possible to produce
especially stable and efficient connections. The use of
corresponding manufacturing processes does not only enable an
economic, but also a highly precise manufacture which only makes it
possible to take the use of prolonged trochoids into consideration.
The complex machining operation would rather cause the man skilled
in the art to avoid such shapes. This refers to narrow curve
progressions, abrupt diameter changes and the like.
[0015] According to an advantageous proposal, the connection can be
configured to be displaceable on the axis or can also be pressed,
depending on the application case. It is also possible to adjust
and fit in dogs of other contouring, for example if different
shaft-hub connections that are placed axially one after the other
have to be designed.
[0016] Furthermore, it is especially advantageous that the tooth
system will be produced by means of out-of-round-turning. This is
at least true for one of the parts among shaft or hub, but
preferably it is also true for both. Hereby, a particular economic
efficiency is obtained also in mass production. Another advantage
of the present disclosure is that different materials can be
combined with each other. Thanks to the type of the dog contour, an
optimum torque transmission takes place without too high forces
acting upon the individual dogs.
[0017] According to another advantageous proposal of the
disclosure, the dog can comprise an undercut. Also other areas
which are isolated are comprised within the scope of the
disclosure. In the form isolated areas are such ones in which the
shaft and the hub are not in contact with each other.
[0018] The disclosure enables to produce corresponding shaft-hub
connections exclusively by means of turning processes. The contour
is generated during the manufacture by means of turning processes
and it comprises a high precision with the highest possible pitch
and curve shape precision. Pitch errors are practically not
measurable.
[0019] All dogs can be manufactured according to the same machining
process. The shape of all dogs is identical, such that the
dimensioning operation is reduced to one dog. Thanks to the
mathematically clearly defined contour, the disclosure is suitable
for large-scale productions and can be checked by means of a
simplified measurement technology.
[0020] The force transmission vectors rather point into the
circumferential direction and an optimized introduction of the
forces for transmitting torques is obtained.
[0021] The disclosure allows high degrees of freedom with respect
to the construction and manufacture of shaft-hub connections. The
number of dogs, the tool flight circle radius and the penetration
depth into the workpiece are manufacturing parameters which enable
to produce suitable shapes.
[0022] In practice certain manufacturing parameters have proven to
be suitable. Thus, the number of dogs is comprised within a range
of 7 through 70 dogs, wherein 15 through 40 can be considered as
typical. The width of the dogs is preferably >8, more preferably
>12 mm. Regarding the dog height, >5 mm has proven to be
preferable, >8 mm is more preferable. The interspace between the
dogs is preferably >3 mm, more preferably >5 mm. These
specifications also show that the ratio between dogs and interspace
in dependence on constructional space and performance requirement
does not necessarily be 1:1. For example 2:1, 2.5:1, but also
conversely 1:2, 1:2.5 as well as any intermediate ratios can be
suitable.
[0023] An undercut can preferably come to several millimetres,
provided that one is formed.
[0024] In an especially advantageous manner, all the dogs have the
same shape.
[0025] According to another advantageous proposal of the
disclosure, the connection uses less than 50% of the axial area of
the overlapping of shaft and hub.
[0026] The connection can be respectively adapted to and optimized
for each individual case. Apart from the number of the dogs, the
width and height thereof, the size of the interspaces between the
dogs, the inner and outer functional diameters, the contact areas
between the dogs of the shaft and the hub of the connection as well
as the undercut can be varied.
[0027] The production of the contour by means of turning processes,
in particular by means of out-of-round-turning processes leads to a
high manufacturing precision with a highest possible pitch accuracy
and curve shape precision. Possible pitch errors are not
measurable. In this manner, a high uniform contact pattern
behaviour is obtained. This means that industrially reproducible
connections can be produced, in which the force transmission
surfaces are optimum. While previous corresponding shaft-hub
connections generate a correspondingly good contact pattern
behaviour only after a longer run-in period, this behaviour is
practically immediately produced by the present disclosure, which
principally increases the efficiency.
[0028] The disclosure enables the manufacture of oversize
connections (crimping connections), such that different extensions
of shaft and hub do not provoke contact losses. The undercut, in
which the surface normals advantageously point outwards, assures
that the connection cannot lift-off. In case of applying an
undercut in push fit connections this one assures that if the shaft
and the hub have different extensions, the maximum play in the
connection will be limited.
[0029] For facilitating the assembly of a shaft with a hub, both in
the shaft and in the hub graduated inner or outer contours can be
used. For this purpose, at least two steps in the shaft and in the
hub are dimensioned such that there will be a clear play in the
first axial area of the connection, which highly facilitates the
assembling operation. Before the structural components get into
contact in the last step, the connection has already centred
itself. Both structural components can be assembled with a high
oversize without affecting the radial or axial run-out quality. In
the finally mounted state the entire connection carries with the
oversize defined by the design, i.e. the entire axial length of the
connection will be exploited. Thanks to this option and in
particular in case of highly stressed connections the
constructional space provided for the connection can be optimized,
especially if a high oversize is required for the functionality of
the connection. Thanks to the graduated design, a heating-up or
deep-freezing can be omitted during the assembling operation, which
is a considerable advantage.
[0030] The disclosure provides a shaft-hub connection that can be
manufactured in a highly economic manner and can be used for the
most different application cases of torque transmission.
DRAWINGS
[0031] The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes
only of selected embodiments and not all possible implementations,
and are not intended to limit the scope of the present
disclosure.
[0032] Other advantages and features of the disclosure will become
apparent from the following description by means of the figures.
Herein:
[0033] FIG. 1 is a top view of a polygonal profile of a shaft
according to the state of the art;
[0034] FIG. 2 is a top view of a polygonal profile of a shaft
according to the state of the art;
[0035] FIG. 3 is a cut view (schematized) of an exemplary
embodiment of a shaft-hub profile according to the disclosure;
[0036] FIG. 4 is a representation according to FIG. 3 with the
representation of the tool flight circle;
[0037] FIG. 5 is an enlarged representation of the normal in an
exemplary embodiment of a shaft-hub profile according to the
disclosure;
[0038] FIG. 6 is a representation according to FIG. 5 of an
exemplary embodiment comprising an undercut;
[0039] FIG. 7a is a cut view of a shaft according to the
disclosure;
[0040] FIG. 7b is a cut view of a hub according to the disclosure;
and
[0041] FIG. 7c is a representation of the assembly.
[0042] In the figures, the same elements are referenced with the
same reference numerals.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0043] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0044] According to the FIGS. 1 and 2 there are, apart from the
standard tooth systems known per se, such as involute gearings,
parallel tooth systems or fine serrations, also so-called polygonal
tooth systems. Polygonal contours such as the shown ones are known
in the state of the art. FIG. 1 exemplarily shows a so-called H6
profile 1, in which a contour having six corners 2 is formed. This
cross section for the torque transmission comprises the surface
normal 4.
[0045] According to FIG. 2, a so-called P3G profile is shown, in
which the surface normal 7 is formed.
[0046] In the FIGS. 1 and 2, the respective normals are represented
as extending over the entire circumference. Here, the course of the
normals that is partly extremely unfavourable for a force
transmission or a torque transmission is in particular
revealed.
[0047] In the FIGS. 3 and 4 an exemplary embodiment of a tooth
system profile according to the disclosure is shown. The profile 10
comprises dogs 11 having a dog height 13 and interspaces 12, into
which profile 10 engages the corresponding counter-profile. The
dogs comprise the dog width 14. They are placed between the inner
functional diameter 16 and the outer functional diameter 15. In the
shown exemplary embodiment the dogs comprise an undercut 17,
wherein this one is a tapering in the area of the root. The tool
flight circle 18 is shown in fiaccording to FIG. 3. In the shown
enlarged image the dog 11 is complemented by the representation of
the normals 20 that are represented by means of corresponding rays
on the dog surface. It is shown that the normals extend in a highly
favourable manner, whereby a particular suitability for the
transmission of forces and torques is obtained.
[0048] The corresponding representation shown in FIG. 6 shows a dog
11 as well as the radial normals 21. The undercut 17 is especially
marked in this representation. It results from the dog's deviation
from an at least straight or tangential running-in course. The
undercut contour entails the correspondingly described
advantages.
[0049] An exemplary embodiment is shown in FIGS. 7a through 7c. A
shaft 22 is provided with dogs 23, between which the interspaces 24
remain. In the shown exemplary embodiment, the dogs 23 comprise an
undercut.
[0050] The hub 25 shown in FIG. 7b comprises corresponding recesses
26 and interspaces or dogs 27.
[0051] The result of the combination of FIGS. 7a and 7b is the
image 7c, wherein it can be seen that the transmission contacts
along the normal are optimized.
[0052] The shown exemplary embodiment for example shows a friction
ring of a brake disk 25 with respect to a central hub body or
caliper 22.
[0053] The described exemplary embodiments only serve for
explanation and are not limiting.
[0054] The foregoing description of the embodiments has been
provided for purposes of illustration and description. It is not
intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual
elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not
limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are
interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if
not specifically shown or described. The same may also be varied in
many ways. Such variations are to be regarded as a departure from
the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be
included within the scope of the disclosure.
* * * * *