U.S. patent application number 16/622168 was filed with the patent office on 2020-04-23 for apparatus and method for handling sample containers.
The applicant listed for this patent is Beckman Coulter, Inc.. Invention is credited to Niandong Liu, Daniel C. Massa, Amit Sawhney.
Application Number | 20200122149 16/622168 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 62842298 |
Filed Date | 2020-04-23 |
View All Diagrams
United States Patent
Application |
20200122149 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Liu; Niandong ; et
al. |
April 23, 2020 |
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR HANDLING SAMPLE CONTAINERS
Abstract
A sample rack includes a housing that has multiple spaces or
compartments each for receiving and retaining sample containers of
various sizes. The sample rack includes dual hooks on the ends for
engaging a sample rack handling system. Chamfers formed in the
housing of the sample rack assist in placing and removing the
sample rack from a sample rack handling system. The sample tube
rack also includes a handle that extends upward from one end and
includes gripping features. groove and bar, incorporated into each
sample rack, are able to selectively interlock with adjacent racks
to assist in lifting multiple sample racks together.
Inventors: |
Liu; Niandong; (Eagan,
MN) ; Sawhney; Amit; (Minneapolis, MN) ;
Massa; Daniel C.; (Lakeville, MN) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Beckman Coulter, Inc. |
Brea |
CA |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
62842298 |
Appl. No.: |
16/622168 |
Filed: |
June 15, 2018 |
PCT Filed: |
June 15, 2018 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/US2018/037930 |
371 Date: |
December 12, 2019 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
62521293 |
Jun 16, 2017 |
|
|
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G01N 2035/0412 20130101;
G01N 2035/0413 20130101; B01L 2200/025 20130101; B01L 9/06
20130101; B01L 2200/18 20130101; G01N 35/04 20130101; B01L 2300/021
20130101; B01L 2200/087 20130101; G01N 2035/00801 20130101; B01L
2200/023 20130101; G01N 35/026 20130101; B01L 9/50 20130101; G01N
2035/0422 20130101 |
International
Class: |
B01L 9/06 20060101
B01L009/06; G01N 35/04 20060101 G01N035/04; B01L 9/00 20060101
B01L009/00 |
Claims
1. An apparatus for transporting one or more sample containers for
sample evaluation, wherein the apparatus comprises: (a) a housing;
(b) a clamp insert, wherein the clamp insert is connectable to the
housing and positionable within the housing, wherein the clamp
insert is configured to selectively retain the one or more sample
containers; (c) a first hook formed in the housing and located at a
first end of the apparatus; (d) a second hook formed in the housing
and located at a second end of the apparatus; and (e) a base formed
in the housing, wherein the base comprises one or more engagement
features for moving the apparatus and thereby transporting the one
or more sample containers selectively retained within the clamp
insert of the apparatus.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clamp insert is configured
to self-center the one or more sample containers within the
apparatus.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clamp insert comprises a
first arm and a second arm, wherein the first and second arms have
opposing orientations, and wherein the first and second arms are
configured to resiliently deflect in opposite directions.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the housing further comprises
one or more limiting members configured to contact the first arm
and the second arm to limit a range of deflection for the first arm
and the second arm.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clamp insert comprises a
clamp having a first arm and a second arm, wherein each of the
first and second arms comprises one or more guide features
configured to direct one of the one or more sample containers into
position within the apparatus.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing comprises one or
more bottom locators configured to receive the one or more sample
containers, wherein each of the one or more bottom locators
comprise a multi-level feature configured for centering the one or
more sample containers.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the multi-level feature
comprises three locator areas configured to center the one or more
sample containers of differing size.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein each locator area is
configured to complement at least a portion of a bottom of a sample
tube, wherein an interface is defined by the at least a portion of
the bottom of the sample tube and the locator area, wherein the
interface defines a common boundary between the at least a portion
of the bottom of the sample tube and the locator area.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clamp insert defines a
plurality of spaces configured to receive the one or more sample
containers.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clamp insert further
comprises a plurality of connection rings, wherein each connection
ring connects with a pair of clamp arms.
11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing comprises one or
more bores within an interior of the housing, wherein the clamp
insert comprises one or more posts configured to mate with the one
or more bores of the housing to secure the clamp insert within the
housing.
12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clamp insert further
comprises one or more stop members configured to define a minimum
spacing between the clamp insert and the housing.
13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clamp insert comprises a
first extension member and a second extension member, wherein the
first extension member is configured to engage with a first slot
within the housing, wherein the second extension member is
configured to engage with a second slot within the housing, wherein
the engagement of the first and second extension members with the
respective first and second slots occurs only when the clamp insert
is properly aligned relative to the housing.
14. An apparatus for transporting one or more sample containers for
sample evaluation, wherein the apparatus comprises: (a) a housing
comprising a plurality of spaces configured to selectively retain
the one or more sample containers; (b) a first hook formed in the
housing and located at a first end of the apparatus; (c) a second
hook formed in the housing and located at a second end of the
apparatus; and (d) a base formed in the housing, wherein the base
comprises one or more engagement features for moving the apparatus
and thereby transporting the one or more sample containers
selectively retained within the housing of the apparatus; and (e) a
handle formed in the housing and extending upward from the housing,
wherein the handle is configured for lifting the apparatus.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a plurality of
cradles formed in the housing and aligned with the plurality of
spaces, wherein each of the plurality of cradles is configured to
hold a respective one of the one or more sample containers having a
sample cup configuration.
16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the first and second hooks
each define a void space configured to receive a rail for
supporting the apparatus, wherein the first and second hooks each
comprise a first pair of chamfers and a second pair of chamfers
that partially define the void space, and are configured to assist
in the void space receiving the rail to support the apparatus.
17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the handle extends from the
second hook, and wherein the first hook comprises an angled nose
portion.
18. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a longitudinally
extending bar positioned along one side of the housing and a
longitudinally extending groove positioned along an opposite side
of the housing, wherein the groove has a depth and a height that
corresponds with a width and a height of the bar.
19. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the handle further comprises
a recessed area configured to receive a label.
20. The apparatus of claim 14, further comprising a recessed area
configured to receive a label, wherein the recessed area extends
continuously around a corner of the housing such that the recessed
area is viewable from two sides of the housing.
21. An apparatus for transporting one or more sample containers for
sample evaluation, wherein the apparatus comprises: (a) a housing
comprising a plurality of spaces configured to selectively retain
the one or more sample containers; (b) a clamp insert, wherein the
clamp insert is connectable to the housing and positionable within
the housing, wherein the clamp insert is configured to selectively
retain the one or more sample containers; (c) a first hook formed
in the housing and located at a first end of the apparatus; (d) a
second hook formed in the housing and located at a second end of
the apparatus; (e) a base formed in the housing, wherein the base
comprises one or more engagement features for moving the apparatus
and thereby transporting the one or more sample containers
selectively retained within the clamp insert of the apparatus; and
(f) a passage formed in the base, wherein the passage is in fluid
communication with each of the plurality of spaces of the housing,
wherein the passage extends continuously through the base beneath
the plurality of spaces of the housing.
22.-38. (canceled)
Description
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional
Application No. 62/521,293 filed Jun. 16, 2017, the disclosure of
which is incorporated herein in its entirety.
BACKGROUND
[0002] In a lab setting a sample container, such as a sample tube
or sample cup, often contains a sample or specimen for analysis
using one or more tests. In some instances, one or more of the
tests are conducted in a manner using automated handling of the
sample containers. In such an example, the tests themselves may be
conducted automatically, manually, or a combination of the two. In
handling the sample containers, care is taken to preserve the
integrity of the samples to obtain reliable and useful test
results. In some instances various apparatuses and methods for
handling sample containers are used to assist in holding and
transporting one or more sample containers.
[0003] While a variety of sample container handling apparatuses and
methods have been made and used, it is believed that no one prior
to the filing of the present disclosure has made or used one or
more of the inventive aspects described herein.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0004] While the specification concludes with claims which
particularly point out and distinctly claim certain aspects of the
present disclosure, it is believed that the present disclosure will
be better understood from the following description of certain
examples taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in
which like reference numerals identify the same elements and in
which:
[0005] FIG. 1 depicts a top perspective view of an exemplary rack
for holding one or more sample containers;
[0006] FIG. 2 depicts a bottom perspective view of the rack of FIG.
1;
[0007] FIG. 3 depicts an exploded perspective view of the rack of
FIG. 1;
[0008] FIG. 4 depicts a rear elevation view of the rack of FIG.
1;
[0009] FIG. 5 depicts a partial perspective view of a side portion
of the rack of FIG. 1;
[0010] FIG. 6 depicts a partial perspective view of the side
portion of the rack of FIG. 5;
[0011] FIG. 7 depicts a partial perspective view of another side
portion of the rack of FIG. 1;
[0012] FIG. 8 depicts a partial perspective view of the side
portion of the rack of FIG. 7;
[0013] FIG. 9 depicts perspective view of the rack of FIG. 1, shown
with part of the housing removed to reveal internal components;
[0014] FIG. 10 depicts a partial perspective view of a clamp insert
of the rack of FIG. 1,
[0015] FIG. 11 depicts a cross section perspective view of the rack
of FIG. 1, taken along line 11-11 of FIG. 4;
[0016] FIG. 12 depicts a cross section perspective view of the rack
of FIG. 1, taken along line 12-12 of FIG. 4;
[0017] FIG. 13 depicts a perspective view of a rear portion of a
housing of the rack of FIG. 1;
[0018] FIG. 14 depicts a perspective view of a front portion of the
housing of the rack of FIG. 1;
[0019] FIG. 15 depicts a perspective view of a rear portion of the
housing of the rack of FIG. 1, showing various style test tubes
positioned within the rack;
[0020] FIG. 16 depicts a front elevation view a rear portion of the
housing of the rack of FIG. 1;
[0021] FIG. 17 depicts a cross section view of the rear portion of
the housing of the rack of FIG. 1, taken along line 17-17 of FIG.
16;
[0022] FIG. 18 depicts an enlarged view of the cross section view
of FIG. 17;
[0023] FIG. 19 depicts an enlarged perspective view of a portion of
the rack of FIG. 1, showing the rack retaining an exemplary sample
cup;
[0024] FIG. 20 depicts a top perspective view of another exemplary
rack for holding one or more sample containers;
[0025] FIG. 21 depicts a bottom perspective view of the rack of
FIG. 20;
[0026] FIG. 22 depicts an exploded perspective view of the rack of
FIG. 20;
[0027] FIG. 23 depicts an exploded view of the rack of FIG. 15,
showing a top view of a stop insert next to a bottom view of a
housing;
[0028] FIG. 24 depicts a partial cross section view of a portion of
the rack of FIG. 20;
[0029] FIG. 25 depicts a plurality of exemplary sample cups usable
with the racks of FIGS. 1 and 20;
[0030] FIG. 26 depicts a perspective view of the rack of FIG. 20,
shown with various style sample cups retained therein;
[0031] FIG. 27 depicts a perspective view of the exemplary rack of
FIG. 1 installed at a first position in an exemplary sample
presentation unit (SPU) of an exemplary sample analyzer;
[0032] FIG. 28 depicts the perspective view of FIG. 27 of the
exemplary rack of FIG. 1 and the exemplary sample presentation unit
(SPU) of the exemplary sample analyzer, but with the exemplary rack
at a second position of the SPU; and
[0033] FIG. 29 depicts the perspective view of FIG. 27 of the
exemplary rack of FIG. 1 and the exemplary sample presentation unit
(SPU) of the exemplary sample analyzer, but with the exemplary rack
partially moved out of the second position of the SPU, depicted at
FIG. 28.
[0034] The drawings are not intended to be limiting in any way, and
it is contemplated that various embodiments of the present
disclosure may be carried out in a variety of other ways, including
those not necessarily depicted in the drawings. The accompanying
drawings incorporated in and forming a part of the specification
illustrate several aspects of the present disclosure, and together
with the description serve to explain the principles of the present
disclosure; it being understood that the claims are not limited to
the arrangements shown.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] The following description of certain examples of the present
disclosure should not be used to limit the scope of the claims.
Other examples, features, aspects, embodiments, and advantages of
the present disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the
art from the following description, which by way of illustration,
includes the best modes contemplated for carrying out certain
aspects of the present disclosure. As will be realized, certain
aspects of the present disclosure are capable of other different
and obvious implementation, all without departing from the
principles of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the drawings and
descriptions should be regarded as illustrative in nature and not
restrictive.
[0036] Relative terms describing the orientation of components and
features (e.g., upright, bottom, top, etc.) may be used herein.
These terms may apply to certain embodiments and/or environments in
which the various components and features are used. The terms
describing the orientation may also be used for convenience in
describing various components, features, and environments herein.
In view of the teachings herein, other embodiments and/or
environments may include other orientations as will be understood
by those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0037] I. Exemplary Rack For Sample Container Handling
[0038] FIGS. 1-19 illustrate an exemplary rack (10), or portions
thereof, for holding one or more sample containers. The sample
containers are configured to hold samples or specimens. In some
instances the sample containers are configured in the form of a
sample tube. In some other instances the sample containers are
configured in the form of a sample cup. In the illustrated rack
(10) of FIGS. 1-19, rack (10) is configured with features to
accommodate sample tubes of various sizes. However, certain
features of rack (10) also allow for rack (10) to accommodate
sample cups.
[0039] Referring to FIGS. 1-3, rack (10) comprises housing (100)
and clamp insert (300). Housing (100) comprises a front portion
(102) and a rear portion (104) that are connectable together. Clamp
insert (300) is installed between front portion (102) and rear
portion (104). In one example, both housing (100) and clamp insert
(300) are molded components that are separately molded and then fit
together after molding. In view of the teachings herein, other ways
to manufacture and assemble rack (10) will be apparent to those of
ordinary skill in the art.
[0040] A. Handle
[0041] As shown in FIG. 1, rack (10) comprises handle (106). In the
present example, handle (106) is formed as part of housing (100),
but in some examples handle (106) may be formed separately and then
connected with housing (100). Handle (106) extends from housing
(100) in an upward direction away from a base (108) of rack (10).
Handle (106) comprises gripping features (110). In the present
example, gripping features (110) comprise a plurality of bores that
extend through handle (106). Handle (106) comprises a concave front
surface (114) and a concave rear surface (116). As illustrated, the
plurality of bores extend through handle (106) from front surface
(114) to rear surface (116).
[0042] Handle (106) further comprises a recessed area (118) along a
top portion of handle (106). Recessed area (118) is configured as a
location to receive a label. Such a label may indicate the type of
rack, the type of tests being performed, sample information, etc.
In view of the teachings herein, the various types of information
suitable for use with a label positioned in recessed area (118)
will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0043] As mentioned, handle (106) is formed as part of housing
(100). In the present example, handle (106) is molded as a part of
rear portion (104) of housing (100). In some other versions, rack
(10) may be modified such that handle (100) is molded as part of
front portion (102). Handle (106) further comprises gussets (120),
as shown in FIG. 9, that extend downward at an angle and are
configured to reinforce the connection of handle (106) with rear
portion (104).
[0044] B. Hooks
[0045] Housing (100) also comprises hooks (122, 124). Hooks (122,
124) are formed as parts of housing (100). In particular, a first
portion of hooks (122, 124) are formed in front portion (102) of
housing (100), with a second portion of hooks (122, 124) are formed
in rear portion (104). With this configuration, when front portion
(102) and rear portion (104) are assembled to form housing (100),
hooks (122, 124) are formed completely. Hooks (122, 124) define
respective void spaces (126, 128), which are configured to receive
a rail or other member of a rack handling system to support rack
(10).
[0046] Hooks (122, 124) comprise respective fins (130, 132)
extending downward toward base (108). Referring to FIGS. 5-8, each
fin (130, 132) comprises respective chamfers (134, 136) along an
inside surface of each fin (130, 132) facing toward rack (10). In
the illustrated version of FIG. 6, fin (130) comprises two chamfers
(134). Similarly, in the illustrated version of FIG. 8, fin (132)
comprises two chamfers (136). Between each chamfer (134) of fin
(130) and between each chamfer (136) of fin (132), fins (130, 132)
comprise respective sections (138, 140). In some examples, sections
(138, 140) comprise a chamfer as well, while in other examples,
sections (138, 140) may be straight. With this configuration, fins
(130, 132) are configured to be positionable along one side of the
rail or other supportive members of a rack handling system.
Chamfers (134, 136) aid in quickly locating or positioning rack
(10) on such rails or other supportive members of a rack handling
system as chamfers (134, 136) act or function as guides to guide
the rack (10) into position with or engagement with such rails or
other supportive members of a rack handling system.
[0047] Rack (10) comprises ends (142, 144) that are formed with
housing (100), and each end (142, 144) defines a portion of
respective hooks (122, 124).
[0048] Referring to FIGS. 5-8, each end (142, 144) comprises
respective chamfers (146, 148) along an outside surface of each end
(142, 144) facing away from rack (10). In the illustrated version
of FIG. 5, end (142) comprises two chamfers (146). Similarly, in
the illustrated version of FIG. 7, end (144) comprises two chamfers
(148). Between each chamfer (146) of end (142) and between each
chamfer (148) of end (144), ends (142, 144) comprise respective
sections (150, 152). In some examples, sections (150, 152) comprise
a chamfer as well, while in other examples, sections (150, 152) may
be straight. With this configuration, ends (142, 144) are
configured to be positionable along one side of the rail or other
supportive members of a rack handling system. Chamfers (146, 148)
aid in quickly locating or positioning rack (10) on such rails or
other supportive members of a rack handling system as chamfers
(146, 148) act or function as guides to guide the rack (10) into
position with or engagement with such rails or other supportive
members of a rack handling system.
[0049] Hook (122) further comprises a nose portion (154) that
extends upward from fin (130) at an angle. This angled nose portion
(154) comprises another chamfer that is configured to aid in
lifting rack (10) away from the rails or other supportive members
of a rack handling system. For instance, in some rack handling
systems, multiple racks (10) may be installed in close proximity to
one another. Providing angled nose portion (154) allows rack (10)
to be lifted upward by handle (106). The lifting of handle (106)
tilts rack (10) toward end (142). Because of angled nose portion
(154), clearance is provided such that rack (10) is prevented from
contacting or obstructing another rack that may be installed or
positioned adjacent to end (142) of rack (10).
[0050] Hooks (122, 124) further comprise lead-in chamfers (160,
162) along each side of each respective hook (122, 124). In
particular, hook (122) comprises chamfers (160) along each side,
while hook (124) comprises chamfers (162) along each side. Chamfers
(160, 162) provide hooks (122, 124) with an angled configuration
such that hooks (122, 124) narrow as they extend away from a
centerline of rack (10) or outward from rack (10). Chamfers (160,
162) are configured such that they guide rack (10) when transported
to align rack within a transport or rack handling system to keep
rack (10) properly positioned. For instance, when rack (10) is
transported or moved in a direction parallel with a longitudinal
axis of rack (10), should rack (10) contact any structures of the
rack handling system during movement, chamfers (160, 162) will
direct rack (10) back into alignment or a proper position within
the rack handling system by contacting such structures of the rack
handling system. In view of the teachings herein, other features
that may be used with rack (10) or hooks (122, 124) of rack (10) to
aid in handling and transport will be apparent to those of ordinary
skill in the art.
[0051] C. Interlocking Bar and Groove
[0052] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, rack (10) further comprises a
longitudinally extending groove (156) along front portion (102) of
housing (100). Additionally, rack (10) comprises a longitudinally
extending bar (158) along rear portion (104) of housing (100). Note
that in some versions, groove (156) may instead be positioned along
rear portion (104) with bar (158) positioned along front portion
(102). When multiple racks (10) are used, bar (158) of one rack
(10) cooperates with groove (156) of an adjacent rack (10). In
particular, bar (158) and groove (156) of adjacent racks (10) are
cooperating features, where bar (158) engages groove (156) to
provide a selective connection between adjacent racks (10). In this
manner of engagement, rack (10) comprises bar (158) positioned
along one side of housing (100) and groove (156) positioned along
an opposite side of housing (100), wherein groove (156) has a depth
and a height that corresponds with a width and a height of bar
(158). By way of example only, and not limitation, when three or
more racks (10) are held next to one another, with one or more
racks (10) sandwiched between outer or end racks (10), the
engagement of adjacent bars (158) and groove (156) prevents
otherwise unsupported racks (10) in the middle from falling out of
the middle of the stacked racks (10).
[0053] While in the present example, grooves (156) and bars (158)
are shown and described as features of rack (10), in some instances
racks other than rack (10) can be configured with the same or
similar grooves (156) and bars (158). Similarly, grooves (156) and
bars (158) of these other racks may be located at a same distance
from a bottom of the respective racks such that these cooperating
features may work together across different rack designs.
[0054] In the present example, one aspect of groove (156) and bar
(158) is that their longitudinally extending configuration provides
support for engaged adjacent racks along substantially the entire
length of the racks, or at least support is provided along a
majority of the length of the racks. Of course in other versions,
groove (156) and/or bar (158) are not required to extend
longitudinally substantially the length of rack (10), and instead
may extend only partially along rack (10) or only in certain
locations along rack (10).
[0055] While in the present example, the cooperating features of
adjacent racks are shown and described as grooves (156) and bars
(158), in other examples grooves (156) and bars (158) can be
modified or replaced with other structures that provide the same or
similar function. Such other structures or features will be
apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the
teachings herein.
[0056] D. Recessed Identification Areas
[0057] Referring again to FIG. 1, rack (10) comprises recessed area
(164) formed along a corner of housing (100). Recessed area (164)
is configured as a wrap-around area, where recessed area (164)
extends continuously around a corner (101) of housing (100) such
that recessed area (164) is viewable from two sides of housing
(100). In the present example, recessed area (164) is viewable from
front portion (102) of housing (100), and recessed area (164) is
viewable from end (142) of housing (100). In other versions,
recessed area (164) may be located on another corner of rack (10),
or multiple recessed areas (164) may be located on multiple corners
of rack (10). Another way to describe recessed area (164) is that
recessed area (164) is presented continuously, or in an
uninterrupted manner, along two perpendicularly oriented surfaces
of rack (10).
[0058] Recessed area (164) is configured to receive a label
containing identifying or other information. The recessed nature of
recessed area (164) allows for the label to be slightly recessed or
set back from the remaining outer surface of housing (100). In this
manner, the attached label is protected from contact with the rack
handling system, or such contact is lessened, and the attached
label is subject to less wear and tear during use of rack (10).
Also, with recessed area (164) presenting on two sides of housing
(100), the information contained on the label attached with
recessed area (164) is viewable or accessible for view from two
sides of rack (10). In an example where the label contains a
barcode or other scannable graphic or text, the scannable feature
may wrap the corner of housing (100) and thus the same label may be
scannable from multiple sides of the rack (10).
[0059] In some examples, recessed area (164) is configured to
receive one or more labels, and such labels are attachable with
recessed area (164) by way of adhesives that may include tape or
glue, magnets, static electricity or charge, suction, etc. In some
instances, labels attached with recessed area (164) are selectively
attached such that the labels are removable.
[0060] As shown in FIG. 1, an additional recessed area (166) can be
provided with front portion (102) of housing (100). Recessed area
(166) is not required in all versions, and neither would recessed
area (164) be required in all versions for that matter. Recessed
area (166) may be configured to receive a label as described above.
In some instances either of recessed areas (164, 166) can include
calibration information concerning rack (10), tests being
performed, and/or samples contained by rack (10). In view of the
teachings herein, other ways to configured recessed areas (164,
166), as well as recessed area (118) of handle (106), and use such
areas will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0061] E. Windows and Indicia
[0062] Rack (10) includes other visual features, one of which is
viewing apertures (168) located along rear portion (104) of housing
(100) as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. Apertures (168) are positioned
along rear portion (104) such that they align with the spaces or
compartments (170) for receiving the sample tubes through openings
(171) of the spaces or compartments (170). In this way, from the
rear or backside of rack (10), a sample tube retained within one of
spaces or compartments (170) is viewable through the associated
aperture (168). In some instances, the one or more sample tubes may
have labels with or without barcodes or other scannable features.
Apertures (168) provide for a location for viewing such labels,
viewing sample contained within a sample tube, and/or scanning a
barcode or other scannable feature on the sample tube itself or a
label affixed to the sample tube.
[0063] With rack (10), each space (170) is at least partially
defined by a respective U-shaped notch (172) in rear portion (104)
of housing (100) as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. Notches (172) are
generally positioned above apertures (168) such that an area of
housing (100) separates apertures (168) from notches (172). On
front portion (102), each space (170) is at least partially defined
by a respective elongated U-shaped notch (174) as shown in FIG. 1.
Notches (174) align across from notches (172) and apertures (168).
Similar to as described above with apertures (168), notches (172,
174) provide for another location for viewing labels of sample
tubes, viewing samples contained within sample tubes, and/or
scanning a barcode or other scannable feature on the sample tubes
themselves or labels affixed to the sample tubes. With the
configuration described above, notches (172, 174) provided for
finger gripping of the sample tubes that may be positioned within
spaces (170) of rack (10). While the present example shows notches
(172, 174) as having U-shapes or elongate U-shapes, in view of the
teachings herein, other shapes for notches (172, 174) will be
apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0064] Rack (10) further includes certain indicia to assist in the
use of rack (10). For instance, rack (10) includes a direction
arrow (176) at end (142). In the present example as shown in FIG.
1, arrow (176) is located along a top surface of hook (122) and on
the opposite end of rack (10) to where handle (106) is positioned.
Arrow (176) is configured to communicate to a user the proper way
to install rack (10) within a rack handling system.
[0065] Rack (10) further includes a graphic (178) as seen in FIG.
2. Graphic (178) is configured to communicate to the user the type
of sample container compatible for use with rack (10). In the
present example, graphic (178) has the form of a sample tube style
sample container. Thus in the present example graphic (178) is
configured to communicate to a user that rack (10) is compatible
and/or usable with at least sample containers comprising sample
tubes. In some versions, and as mentioned above, rack (10) may be
compatible for use with sample tubes and/or sample cups. In those
instances, graphic (178) may remain unchanged, or graphic (178) can
be altered to include a sample cup style container in addition to
or instead of the sample tube style sample container. As will be
discussed further below, other racks exist where graphic (178) has
the form of a sample cup style container and the rack is
particularly configured for use with sample cups.
[0066] As shown in FIG. 2, graphic (178) is located on end (144) of
housing (100). Thus, graphic (178) is located on the same end of
housing (100) as is handle (106). By locating graphic (178) on the
same end of housing (100) as handle (106), a user may easily
observe or check the rack type being picked up to ensure that the
desired rack style is selected--sample tube style compatible or
sample cup style compatible. In view of the teachings herein, other
forms and placements for graphic (178) of rack (10) will be
apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0067] Rack (10) further comprises position indicators (180) that
correspond with spaces (170) within rack (10). For instance, as
shown in FIG. 1, rack (10) comprises seven spaces (170) for
receiving sample tubes and/or sample cups.
[0068] Position indicators (180) are configured as numeric
characters that are located along front portion (102) of housing
(100) just beneath elongated U-shaped notches (174). Additionally,
rack (10) comprises position indicators (182) that are located
along a top surface of front portion (102) of housing (100) as
shown in FIG. 1. In the present example, position indicators (182)
are located at each end of front portion (102). Furthermore, a
portion of the top surface of front portion (102) at each end
comprises an angled surface (184) and position indicators (182) are
located on angled surfaces (184). With this configuration, position
indicators (182) are viewable from the top of rack (10) as well as
from the front of rack (10). Additionally, position indicators
(182) are configured as numeric characters, with position indicator
(182) closest to end (142) indicating a first space or position
within rack (10), while position indicator (182) closed to end
(144) indicating a seventh space or position within rack (10). In
view of the teachings herein, other ways to incorporate viewing
features--such as apertures (168) and notches (172, 174)--and
indicia--such as arrow (176), graphic (178), and position
indicators (180, 182)--into rack (10) will be apparent to those of
ordinary skill in the art.
[0069] F. Base Features
[0070] As mentioned above, rack (10) comprises base (108). FIG. 2
shows base (108), which comprises longitudinally extending beams
(186). In the present example, beams (186) are formed as part of
housing (100) such that one of beams (186) is formed as part of
front portion (102) and another of beams (186) is formed as part of
rear portion (104). As shown in the example of FIG. 2, beams (186)
extend nearly the full the length of rack (10), but in other
versions beams (186) may extend less than nearly the full length.
Together, beams (186) are configured as the bottom surface upon
which rack (10) sits when placed on a surface in an upright
orientation.
[0071] Base (108) further comprises transversely extending dividers
(188). At each end of each divider (188), divider (188) connects
with beams (186). Beams (186) and dividers (188) together define
recesses (190) within base (108). In the present example, some of
recesses (190) comprise rectangular shapes. Still other recesses
(190) comprise circular-like shapes. Dividers (188) are slightly
recessed relative to beams (186) in the present example of FIG. 2.
This slight recessing of dividers (188) compensates for
imperfections that can occur with the flatness of molded parts. By
recessing dividers (188) slightly relative to beams (186),
stability can be improved by avoiding a circumstance where an
imperfectly flat molded divider (188) may otherwise contact a
surface upon which rack (10) is placed instead of or in addition to
beams (186) contacting that surface. Without such recessing, an
imperfectly flat molded divider (188) may introduce a rocking
phenomenon when standing rack (10) on a surface.
[0072] In the illustrated example, two rectangular recesses (190)
within base (108) are configured to engage with features of a rack
handling system to control movement of rack (10). For instance,
rectangular recess (190) nearest end (144), and rectangular recess
(190) between first and second spaces (170) from end (142) are
configured to engage with features of a rack handling system. In
other versions, other recesses (190) may be configured to engage
with features of a rack handling system instead of or in addition
to those recesses (190) described above. In the present example,
recesses (190) described above for controlling rack (10) movement
may be referred to as engagement features or stop features for
engaging a lever member in a rack handling system. In view of the
teachings herein, other various ways to configure one or more
recesses (190) to cooperate with features of a rack handling system
to control movement of rack (10) will be apparent to those of
ordinary skill in the art.
[0073] In some other versions, base (108) of rack (10) can be
configured with magnets. Such magnets may be located within one or
more openings (192) within base (108). Such magnets can be used
with features of a rack handling system to help control movement of
rack (10). For instance magnetic features of a rack handling system
could establish a selective connection with the magnets of the rack
(10) to control movement of rack (10). In other instances, sensors
within a rack handling system may be used to detect magnets within
rack (10) as a way of indexing the position of rack (10) within the
rack handling system. While in the illustrated example, magnets are
not required, in view of the teachings herein, those of ordinary
skill in the art will understand various ways magnets may be
incorporated with and used with rack (10).
[0074] Base (108) of rack (10) further comprises column features
(194) on front portion (102) and rear portion (104). In the present
example, there are two column features (194) located along base
(108) of front portion (102) as seen in FIG. 1. Furthermore, there
are seven column features (194) located along base (108) of rear
portion (104) as seen in FIG. 4. With rear portion (104), each
column feature (194) aligns with one of spaces (170) configured to
receive a sample container, such as a sample tube. In this manner,
column features (194) on rear portion (104) may be used to index
the location of the sample containers. For example, column features
(194) of rear portion (104) can be used in a rack handling system
to stop rack (10) at each space (170) coinciding with a sample
tube's position. In a rack handling system, the two column features
(194) of front portion (102), can be used to push or pull rack (10)
in transfer lanes of the rack handling system. Note that use of
column features (194) is not required in all versions. In some
instances one rack handling system may be configured to move and
handle rack (10) based on column features (194). In some other
instances, another rack handling system may be configured to move
and handle rack (10) based on one or more recesses (190) as
described above. And still in other instances a rack handling
system may be configured to move and handle rack (10) based on a
combination of one or more recesses (190) and one or more column
features (194). In view of the teachings herein, other ways to
configure rack (10) and those systems that handle racks (10) will
be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0075] G. Passage for Drainage and Venting
[0076] Rack (10) comprises housing (100) and clamp insert (300) as
mentioned above. FIG. 13 shows rear portion (104) of housing (100),
while FIG. 14 shows a front portion (102) of housing (100). FIG. 9
shows a perspective view with rear portion (104) removed to show
clamp insert (300) located within. Front and rear portions (102,
104) define a passage (195), which facilitates drainage and venting
rack (10), e.g. drainage of water or other cleaning fluid that may
otherwise collect within rack (10) during clean or immersion for
cleaning. In the present example, passage (195) extends
longitudinally along an internal region of housing (100) just above
base (108) from end (142) to end (144), and through spaces (170) in
between. Passage (195) is comprised of cavities (196) that are
located at ends (142, 144) and between spaces (170). Cavities (196)
connect with the bottom of each space (170) by openings (197).
Openings (197) create access to cavities (196) for improved
draining and venting compared to cavities that may otherwise being
completely or substantially closed. Furthermore, openings (192) of
each space (170) fluidly connect with passage (195) thereby
providing additionally outlets for drainage and inlets for venting.
In this manner, any liquid contained within rack (10) can drain
from openings (192). Similarly, passage (195) is configured as a
vent that permits airflow through rack (10), which promotes drying.
With the present configuration where rack (10) comprises passage
(195) as described above, not only is drainage and drying aided,
but also rack (10) is configured such that fluid is prevented from
becoming trapped within rack (10) because of the lack of closed or
substantially closed cavities or pockets within rack (10).
[0077] In addition to passage (195), another passage (199) extends
vertically along an interior of end (142). Passage (199) comprises
cavity (201) within hook (122). Opening (203) connects cavity (201)
with an interior of rack (10) such that cavity (201) is not closed
off. Passage (199) connects with passage (195) described above near
the bottom of rack (10). In particular, cavity (196) at end (142)
includes opening (205) that fluidly connects passage (199) with
passage (195). Passage (199) also fluidly connects with opening
(192) of space (170) nearest end (142).
[0078] In addition to passages (195, 199) described above, another
passage (207) extends vertically along an interior of end (144).
Passage (207) comprises cavity (209) formed within hook (124).
Opening (211) connects cavity (209) with an interior of rack (10)
such that cavity (209) is not closed off. Furthermore, openings
(213) connect cavity (209) with an exterior of rack (10) along top
of hook (124) near handle (106) as seen in FIG. 1. Passage (207)
connect with passage (195) described above near the bottom of rack
(10). In particular, cavity (196) at end (144) includes opening
(215) that fluidly connects passage (207) with passage (195).
Passage (207) also fluidly connects with space (170) nearest end
(144) below opening (192) by way of opening (198) that is formed in
cavity (196) at end (144). With the above described configuration
for passages (195, 199, 207), rack (10) is configured to avoid
trapping water or cleaning fluid within rack (10) by way of a
continuous drainage and venting channel or pathway within housing
(100) of rack (10). In the present example, with the connecting
arrangement of passages (195, 199, 207), rack (10) can further be
considered to comprise a U-shaped drainage and venting channel or
pathway.
[0079] H. Bottom Locators
[0080] FIGS. 11 and 12 show cross sections of rack (10) that reveal
bottom locators (200). Bottom locators (200) are configured to
receive sample containers, and in particular sample tubes. Thus,
bottom locators (200) define a bottom of each respective space
(170) for receiving a sample tube. In the present example with
seven spaces (170) within rack (10), there are seven corresponding
bottom locators (200). In other versions of rack (10) there may be
greater or fewer spaces (170) and bottom locators (200). Each
bottom locator (200) comprises a multi-level configuration with a
multi-level feature (900) as described further below. In the
illustrated example, a bottom surface of each bottom locator (200)
includes three locator areas (202, 204, 206) configured as circular
curved surfaces. Each bottom locator (200) is configured as a
universal tube bottom locator that is able to seat and/or locate
sample tubes of multiple sizes and shapes.
[0081] Referring to FIG. 15, by way of example only and not
limitation, locator area (202) is an outer one of the locator areas
and is configured for use with a sample tube (700). Sample tube
(700) has a 15-16 millimeter outer diameter and comprises a first
end (705) and a second end (706). First end (705) is closed and
includes a bottom or end portion (702) having a hemisphere shape or
radiused tip (703). Second end (706) includes an opening (707)
configured to receive a sample. Sample tube (700) defines a
longitudinal axis (701). Sample tube (700) has a height of about 75
millimeters to about 100 millimeters, but these heights are not
required in all versions. Sample tube (700) may be revolved about
longitudinal axis (701). Sample tube (700) may be symmetrical about
its longitudinal axis (701)--axisymmetric--as shown, but in other
versions sample tube (700) may be partially symmetrical or
asymmetrical. Sample tube (700) may be cylindrical, have a
cylindrical portion, the cylindrical portion may have draft (to
facilitate molding) and thus be conical, etc. Locator area (202) is
configured with a circular curved surface that is complementary to
at least a portion of the hemisphere shape of bottom (702) of
sample tube (700). In this manner, an interface (704) is defined by
at least a portion of bottom (702) of sample tube (700) and locator
area (202) such that there is a common boundary between at least a
portion of bottom (702) of sample tube (700) and locator area
(202).
[0082] Still referring to FIG. 15, locator area (204) is configured
for use with a sample tube (720). Sample tube (720) has a 12-13
millimeter outer diameter and comprises a first end (725) and a
second end (726). First end (725) is closed and includes a bottom
or end portion (722) having a hemisphere shape or radiused tip
(723). Second end (726) includes an opening (727) configured to
receive a sample. Sample tube (720) defines a longitudinal axis
(721). Sample tube (720) has a height of about 75 millimeters to
about 100 millimeters, but these heights are not required in all
versions. Sample tube (720) may be revolved about longitudinal axis
(721). Sample tube (720) may be symmetrical about its longitudinal
axis (721)--axisymmetric--as shown, but in other versions sample
tube (720) may be partially symmetrical or asymmetrical. Sample
tube (720) may be cylindrical, have a cylindrical portion, the
cylindrical portion may have draft (to facilitate molding) and thus
be conical, etc. Locator area (204) is an intermediate one of the
locator areas and is configured with a circular curved surface that
is complementary to at least a portion of the hemisphere shape of
bottom (722) of sample tube (720).
[0083] In this manner, an interface (724) is defined by at least a
portion of bottom (722) of sample tube (720) and locator area (204)
such that there is a common boundary between at least a portion of
bottom (722) of sample tube (720) and locator area (204).
[0084] Still referring to FIG. 15, locator area (206) is configured
for use with a sample tube (740). Sample tube (740) comprises first
end (745) and a second end (746). First end (745) is closed and
includes a bottom or end portion (742) having a conical shape or
radiused tip (743). Second end (746) includes an opening (747)
configured to receive a sample. Sample tube (740) defines a
longitudinal axis (741). Sample tube (740) has a height of about 75
millimeters to about 100 millimeters, but these heights are not
required in all versions. Sample tube (740) may be revolved about
longitudinal axis (741). Sample tube (740) may be symmetrical about
its longitudinal axis (741) axisymmetric--as shown, but in other
versions sample tube (740) may be partially symmetrical or
asymmetrical. Sample tube (740) may be cylindrical, have a
cylindrical portion, the cylindrical portion may have draft (to
facilitate molding) and thus be conical, etc. Locator area (206) is
an inner one of the locator areas and is configured with a circular
curved surface that is complementary to at least a portion of the
conical shape of bottom (742) of sample tube (740). In this manner,
an interface (744) is defined by at least a portion of bottom (742)
of sample tube (740) and locator area (206) such that there is a
common boundary between at least a portion of bottom (742) of
sample tube (740) and locator area (206). Locator area (206)
further connects with opening (192).
[0085] In the manner described, each bottom locator (200) is
configured as a universal tube bottom locator that is configured
for use with tubes having diameters in a range of about 12
millimeters to about 16 millimeters. This is so for tubes having
rounded and conical bottoms as shown in FIG. 15. As shown and
described in the present example, each bottom locator (200)
comprises locator areas (202, 204, 206) positioned at different
heights within base (108) of rack (10). In this manner, the upper
locator area (202) is configured to seat and locate sample tubes
like sample tube (700) with larger diameters compared to the middle
locator area (204). Also, the lower locator area (206) is
configured to seat and locate sample tubes like sample tube (740)
with a bottom (742) having a conical shape where the sample tube
diameter at the area of contact between the conical shape bottom
(742) and locator area (206) is relatively small. In view of the
teachings herein, other ways to configure bottom locators (200) for
use with sample tubes (700, 720, 740) and sample tubes of other
sizes will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0086] As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, locator areas (202, 204, 206)
define the multi-level feature (900) for a respective bottom
locator (200), and are configured as circular curved surfaces that
are arranged concentrically, but each having a different diameter.
Furthermore, each such circular curved surface is arranged at
varying heights relative to one another. Each bottom locator (200)
also comprises slots (208) that extend across at least a portion of
each circular curved surface. Slots (208) are configured to promote
drainage and venting within spaces (170).
[0087] In some other versions, rack (10) may incorporate bottom
locators (200) that have greater or fewer numbers of circular
curved surfaces for receiving sample tubes. For instance, while the
illustrated example shows a three-level configuration, other bottom
locators (200) for rack (10) may have a two-level configuration, or
a four-level configuration. In view of the teachings herein, other
ways to configure bottom locators (200) will be apparent to those
of ordinary skill in the art.
[0088] I. Clamp Insert
[0089] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 9, rack (10) comprises clamp insert
(300). In the present example, clamp insert (300) comprises a
molded component, although in other examples clamp insert (300) may
be constructed as separate pieces fastened together. Clamp insert
(300) comprises a plurality of clamps (302), each configured to
selectively retain a sample container such as a sample tube or
sample cup. In some instances clamps (302) may be referred to as
tube holding stations. Each clamp (302) comprises a pair of arms
(304) that together are operable to selectively retain the sample
container. Arms (304) of each clamp (302) extend upward from a
connection ring (306) that forms a base of each clamp (302).
Together, connection rings (306) are configured to minimize the
impact of dimension mismatch between clamp insert (300) and housing
(100).
[0090] Between adjacent connection rings (306) are posts (308) that
extend outward perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of clamp insert
(300). In the present example, there are two posts (308) between
each connection ring (306). There are also two posts (308) at the
start of the first connection ring (306) and two posts (308) at the
end of the last connection ring (306). Above and below each post
(308) is a stop member (310). Posts (308) are configured to engage
with front and rear portions (102, 104) of housing (100) as will be
discussed further below. Stop members (310) are configured to
contact front and rear portions (102, 104) of housing (100) to set
a proper engagement between front and rear portions (102, 104) and
posts (308), as will also be discussed further below.
[0091] Clamp insert (300) further comprises a first extension
member (312) and a second extension member (314) as shown in FIG.
9. First extension member (312) is configured to engage with a
first slot (316) within housing (100). Second extension member
(314) is configured to engage with a second slot (318) within
housing (100). The engagement of first and second extension members
(312, 314) with respective first and second slots (316, 318) is
configured to occur only when clamp insert (300) is properly
aligned relative to housing (100). This ensures that when
assembling rack (10), assembly can only occur if clamp insert (300)
is positioned one way such that first extension member (312) aligns
with and fits within first slot (316), and second extension member
(314) aligns with and fits within second slot (318). In this
manner, first and second extension members (312, 314) along with
first and second slots (316, 318) are poka-yoke features. In some
other versions, first and second extension members (312, 314) and
first and second slots (316, 318) are configured such that clamp
insert (300) may be installed within housing (100) in more than one
orientation--for instance facing one direction or the other.
[0092] Each arm (304) is resiliently configured such that each arm
(304) is deflectable in order to accept or receive a sample
container between arms (304) of clamp (302). FIG. 10 shows a closer
view of a portion of clamp insert (300) to show additional features
of arms (304). In particular, each arm (304) comprises a top
portion (320) that connects with an elongated body portion (322).
The elongated body portion (322) is formed with connection ring
(306). Body portions (322) of each arm (304) of one of clamps (302)
are angled inward toward a vertical axis defined by a center point
of connection ring (306). With this configuration, arms (304) are
naturally biased to assume this orientation as shown in FIG. 10.
However, when holding a sample container, as mentioned, arms (304)
of clamp (302) deflect away from each other to receive the sample
container between arms (304) of clamp (302). In this manner, the
mode or method of retaining sample containers with clamp (302) is
passive while also being operable for use with different sized
sample containers. In other words, no external actuation is
required for retaining sample containers with clamp (302).
[0093] Top portion (320) of each arm (304) comprises dual retention
members (324) configured to contact a sample container held within
clamp (302). Each retention member (324) comprises an upward
projection (326) and a lateral projection (328), with each
projection (326, 328) having a pyramid shape. Upward projection
(326) includes at least one angled surface portion (327) that is
non-perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of a sample container, and
the at least one angled surface portion (327) engages the end
portion of the sample container when the end portion is inserted
between the arms (304) of the clamp (302). Furthermore, the at
least one angled surface portion (327) facilitates the spreading of
the pair of opposing resilient arms (304) away from each other when
the end portion of the sample container is inserted between the
arms (304).
[0094] Lateral projections (328) comprises a self-centering feature
(330), which comprises a curved surface positioned to contact and
guide an inserted sample container. Each lateral projection (328)
also comprises a corner (332) that is configured to provide contact
with an inserted sample container to hold the sample container. Top
portion (320) further comprises a shelf (334) having a corner (336)
that generally aligns with corner (332) of lateral projection
(328).
[0095] With this configuration, each arm (304) having dual
retention members (324) provides two self-centering features (330)
and four corners (332, 336) that contact and hold an inserted
sample container. In this manner, each arm (304) provides four
points of contact for retaining an inserted sample container, where
these four points of contact coincide with the four corners (332,
336) of each arm (304). As mentioned, each clamp (302) comprises
two arms (304) arranged in an opposing orientation, and thus clamp
(302) provides eight points of contact for supporting and retaining
an inserted sample container. In some instances corners (332, 336)
may be referred to herein as sample container engaging portions or
points of contact.
[0096] Upward projections (326) of each retention member (324)
comprises a pyramid shape as mentioned above. Each upward
projection (326) comprises a guide feature or lead-in feature (338)
configured to guide a sample container into position within clamp
(302). In some instances lead-in feature (338) defines a chamfer.
In the present example, lead-in feature (328) is configured as a
diagonal surface defined by the intersection between two surfaces
of upward projection (326). The diagonal surfaces guide the sample
container during insertion within clamp (302) to locate the sample
container in a centered fashion from a front side of clamp (302) to
a rear side of clamp (302). As shown in FIG. 10, each diagonal
surface lead-in feature (338) terminates at corner (332) of lateral
projection (328). Thus, lead-in features (338) guide a sample
container into proper alignment such that the sample container will
contact four corners (332) of clamp (302).
[0097] As the sample container is inserted further, the resiliency
and natural bias of arms (304) guide the sample container in a
centered fashion from one end of clamp (302) to the other end of
clamp (302). Also, self-centering features (330) further guide the
sample container by the curved surfaces directing the sample
container toward a center of clamp (302). As mentioned above,
corners (336) provide additional points of contact between clamp
(302) and the sample container to securely, yet selectively, retain
the sample container within clamp (302). In this manner,
self-centering features (330) further guide the sample container
into proper alignment such that the sample container will also
contact four corners (336) of clamp (302).
[0098] With the configuration of clamp (302) described above, clamp
(302) comprises four points of contact at two longitudinal
positions and enables longitudinal centering of sample containers
including those long enough to contact bottom locator (200) and
those sample containers that are not long enough or do not contact
bottom locator (200). For example, centering can be achieved for
both sample containers of the tube configuration and the cup
configuration.
[0099] When clamp insert (300) is used to hold sample containers
comprising sample tubes that extend at least the height of clamp
(302), the features of clamp insert (300) described above cooperate
with the features of bottom locators (200) described above. As
discussed, both claim insert (300) and bottom locators (200)
comprise features configured to self-center an inserted sample tube
within rack (10). In this manner, sample tubes are supported in a
self-centering manner at two regions within rack (10). For a given
sample tube held within a given clamp (302) of clamp insert (300),
the first of such regions includes top portions (320) of each arm
(304) of clamp (302). The second of such regions includes bottom
locator (200), which is aligned beneath clamp (302). Thus, when
used with sample tubes, rack (10) provides self-centering support
and guidance to the sample tubes from an upper and lower region of
rack (10) as described above. Furthermore, the configuration of
clamps (302), including the multiple points of contact described
above, the resilient nature of arms (304), self-centering features
(330), and lead-in features (338), promote maintaining inserted
sample containers in a seated position within rack (10) where the
bottom of the sample containers remain in contact with bottom
locators (200).
[0100] When clamp insert (300) is used to hold sample containers
comprising sample cups, that do not extend the height of clamp
(302), the features of clamp insert (300) described above provide
the self-centering support and guidance to the sample cups. This is
so because the sample cups do not have sufficient height to reach
and contact bottom locators (200). In this manner, sample cups are
supported in a self-centering manner at one region within rack
(10). FIG. 19 shows a sample cup (750) held within a clamp (802)
similar to clamp (302) of clamp insert (300). Clamp (802) is
another exemplary version of clamp (302) as will be described
further below. For the purposes of this discussion here, the
features of clamps (302, 802) are the same. The region providing
the self-centering includes top portions (820) of each arm (804) of
clamp (802) as described above with respect to arms (304) of clamp
(302). Thus, when used with sample cups, rack (10) provides
self-centering support and guidance to the sample cups from an
upper region of rack (10). Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 19, clamp
(802) contacts sample cup (750) at eight points to securely hold
sample cup (750) in place. Also, sample cup (750) comprises a
flange (752) that protrudes from an outer surface of sample cup
(750). Dual retention members (824) of each arm (804) engage an
underside of flange (752) as shown in FIG. 19. Dual retention
members (824) are similar to dual retention members (324) described
above. More specifically, in the illustrated example of FIG. 19,
lead-in features (838), similar to lead-in features (338) described
above, contact and engage an underside of flange (752) to secure
sample cup (750) within clamp (802).
[0101] As mentioned above, arms (304) of clamps (302) are
resiliently biased such that arms (304) deflect when inserting a
sample container within clamps (302). In the present example, arms
(304) also conform to some degree to the inserted sample container.
This compliance of arms (304) provides that both upper and lower
points of contact simultaneously contact the sample container. As
mentioned above, the four upper points of contact are where corners
(332) contact the sample container, and the four lower points of
contact are where corners (336) contact the sample container. For
illustration purposes, these eight total points of contact are
represented by a series of dots shown in FIG. 19. Compared to other
clamps where arms may be rigid or semi-rigid, or otherwise not able
to conform to some degree to the sample containers, the compliance
of arms (304) adds at least one degree of freedom, e.g., through
the bending of the arms (304). The bending of arms (304) is thus
for both clamping, e.g., a first bending or deflecting, and the
bending of arms (304) is also for compliance for multi-point
contact, e.g., a second bending or deflecting. In some instances,
this first and second bending or deflection of arms (304) may be
superimposed or co-extensive with each other. This compliance
feature to arms (304) provides for secure retention of sample
containers, and can be especially beneficial for short sample
containers that do not seat within bottom locators (200).
[0102] As shown in FIG. 9, clamp insert (300) is configured to fit
within housing (100). In particular, clamp insert (300) connects
with interiors of front and rear portions (102, 104) of housing
(100). As discussed above, one connection between clamp insert
(300) and housing (100) occurs between first and second extension
members (312, 314) of clamp insert (300) and first and second slots
(316, 318) of housing (100).
[0103] FIG. 12 shows the other connection mentioned above involving
posts (308) of clamp insert (300). Posts (308), as described above,
extend outward from clamp insert (300) toward both front and rear
portions (102, 104) of housing (100). Each of front portion (102)
and rear portion (104) of housing comprise bores (210) as shown in
FIGS. 13 and 14. Bores (210) are configured to receive posts (308)
of clamp insert (300) as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. In the present
example, posts (308) comprise a hexagonal profile. Bores (210) may
have a corresponding hexagonal profile to receive posts (308);
however, bores (210) are not required to have such a complementary
hexagonal profile in all versions. In the present example for
instance, bores (210) have a circular profile. Still yet, posts
(308) are not required to have a hexagonal profile in all versions
either. In view of the teachings herein, various shapes and
configurations for posts (308) and bores (210) will be apparent to
those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0104] Referring still to FIGS. 12-14, front and rear portions
(102, 104) of housing also include features that connect directly.
In particular, in the present example front portion (102) comprises
fins (212), while rear portion (104) comprises slots (214)
configured to receive fins (212). As shown in FIGS. 9 and 12, fins
(212) extend through clamp insert (300) in a non-contacting manner
and engage with slots (214). Additionally, in the present example,
front and rear portions (102, 104) of housing (100) are welded
together using ultrasonic welding about their respective
perimeters. In some other versions, front and rear portions (102,
104) may be connected together using adhesives, fasteners, etc. In
view of the teachings herein, various ways to weld or otherwise
connect front and rear portions (102, 104) of housing (100) will be
apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0105] As mentioned above, clamp insert (300) also comprises stop
members (310) as seen in FIG. 10. Stop members (310) are configured
to contact body portions (216) that define bores (210) as seen in
FIG. 12. In this manner, stop members (310) are configured to
define a minimum spacing between clamp insert (300) and the housing
(100). In particular this minimum spacing is defined between clamp
insert (300) and each of front and rear portions (102, 104) of
housing (100). During assembly this minimum spacing maintained by
stop members (310) provides that clamp insert (300) is installed
within housing (100) in a centered fashion from the front of rack
(10) to the rear or back of rack (10). As shown in FIG. 12, in the
present example posts (308) and stop members (310) are formed
together and are symmetrical about a longitudinal and transverse
axes of posts (308). This symmetrical configuration and use of stop
members (310) is one way to provide that posts (308) are inserted
within bores (210) to the same extent on both front and rear
portions (102, 104) of housing (100). In view of the teachings
herein, other ways to assemble clamp insert (300) within housing
(100) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0106] FIGS. 16-18 illustrate another exemplary clamp insert (800)
that is similar in all respect to clamp insert (300) described
above except where described below. Thus the description above for
clamp insert (300) and its components and features should be
understood to apply equally to clamp insert (800). FIG. 16
illustrates a rack (10) with front portion (102) omitted to reveal
clamp insert (800) within rear portion (104) of rack (10). FIGS. 17
and 18 illustrate enlarged cross section views that show features
of clamps (802) of clamp insert (800) that differ from clamps (302)
and clamp insert (300) described above. In particular, clamp insert
(800) is the same in all respects to clamp insert (300) except that
clamp insert (800) comprises clamps (802) with each arm (804)
having top portions (820) that include chamfers (842). In the
present example, each of the two arms (804) of clamp (802) comprise
a pair of dual retention member (824), which provide that each
clamp (802) of clamp insert (800) comprises four dual retention
members (824) in total. Each clamp (802) includes multiple chamfers
(842). In the present example, chamfers (842) are located just
below each lateral projection (828) of each dual retention member
(824).
[0107] Chamfers (842) are configured as sloped surfaces that assist
in removing sample containers from rack (10) without clamps (802)
scraping, defacing, or tearing a label that may be located on the
sample container. In this manner, chamfers (842) provide a gradual
transition to arms (804) where during removal of a sample container
the side of the sample container may be guided along the sloped or
angled surface as opposed to the side of the sample container
contacting a portion of the arm (804) oriented orthogonally to the
side of the sample container in which case the risk of scraping,
defacing, or tearing a label on the sample container would be
greater.
[0108] When clamp insert (800) is used with a sample cup having a
flange as described above with respect to FIG. 19, chamfers (842)
aid in the removal of a sample cup that may have been inadvertently
inserted below lateral projections (828). In such an example, the
flange of the sample cup may be guided along the sloped or angled
surface and thereby deflect the arms (804) outward such that the
sample cup can be removed from the grasp of clamp (802).
[0109] Referring again to clamp insert (300), in some versions
clamp insert (300) is modified such that it also includes chamfers
(842) in the same fashion as clamp insert (800). In view of the
teachings herein, other ways to modify clamp inserts (300, 800) to
include or omit chamfers (842) will be apparent to those of
ordinary skill in the art.
[0110] J. Clamp Limiting Members
[0111] Still referring to FIG. 12-13, housing (100) further
comprises limiting members (218) on an interior (902, 904) of both
front and rear portions (102, 104) of housing (100). Limiting
members (218) are configured to define a maximum amount or distance
of deflection for each arm (304). As shown in FIGS. 10 and 12, each
retention member (324) of top portion (320) of arms (304) comprises
a recess (340). Recesses (340) are configured to engage with
limiting members (218) depending on the extent of deflection of
arms (304). In this manner, if too large of a sample container is
attempted to be inserted within clamp (302), arms (304) will
deflect until recesses (340) contact or engage with limiting
members (218). This limit to the deflection of arms (304) provides
a feedback feature to a user as to when an inappropriate sized
sample container is trying to be used with rack (10).
[0112] While the above example uses limiting members (218) and
recesses (340) to define a maximum amount of deflection for arms
(304), other structures and features may be used instead of or in
addition to limiting members (218) and recesses (340). For
instance, fins (212) may also provide a limit or stop to the amount
of deflection arms (304) may undergo. In the present example, fins
(212) are configured to provide additional support to limiting
members (218) and recesses (340) to prevent arms (304) from
overbending or over-deflecting. In this manner, if one of limiting
members (218) broke because of an excessive deflection force from
arm (304), fins (212) would provide additional or backup support to
limit deflection of arm (304). Thus, fins (212) can act as a safety
feature that prevents overbending of arms (304). Other structures
and features that may be used instead of or in addition to limiting
members (218) and recesses (340) will be apparent to those of
ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein. Still
yet, in some examples such a structure or feature for limiting
deflection may be omitted altogether.
[0113] II. Alternate Exemplary Rack For Sample Container
Handling
[0114] FIGS. 20-26 illustrate an exemplary rack (12), or portions
thereof, for holding one or more sample containers. In the
illustrated rack (12) of FIGS. 20-26, rack (12) is configured with
features to accommodate sample cups of various sizes. Furthermore,
certain features of rack (12) are configured to prevent using rack
(12) with sample tubes such that users will instead use rack (10)
described above for sample tubes.
[0115] Referring to FIGS. 20-22, rack (12) comprises housing (400)
and stop insert (600). In the present example, housing (400) and
stop insert (600) are single separate pieces that are molded and
then assembled. In some other examples, housing (400) and/or stop
insert (600) may be formed from multiple parts that are connected
together prior to connecting housing (400) with stop insert (600).
In view of the teachings herein, other ways to manufacture and
assemble rack (12) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in
the art.
[0116] A. Handle
[0117] As shown in FIG. 20, rack (12) comprises handle (406). In
the present example, handle (406) is formed as part of housing
(400), but in some examples handle (406) may be formed separately
and then connected with housing (400). Handle (406) extends from
housing (400) in an upward direction away from a base (408) of rack
(12). Handle (406) comprises gripping features (410). In the
present example, gripping features (410) comprise a plurality of
bores that extend through handle (406). Handle (406) comprises a
concave front surface (414) and a concave rear surface (416). As
illustrated, the plurality of bores extend through handle (406)
from front surface (414) to rear surface (416).
[0118] Handle (406) further comprises a recessed area (418) along a
top portion of handle (406). Recessed area (418) is configured as a
location to receive a label. Such a label may indicate the type of
rack, the type of tests being performed, sample information, etc.
In view of the teachings herein, the various types of information
suitable for use with a label positioned in recessed area (418)
will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0119] B. Hooks
[0120] Housing (400) also comprises hooks (422, 424). Hooks (422,
424) are formed as parts of housing (400), and are formed as single
molded features or structures of housing (400). Hooks (422, 424)
define respective void spaces (426, 428), which are configured to
receive a rail or other member of a rack handling system to support
rack (12).
[0121] Hooks (422, 424) comprise respective fins (130, 132) as
described above with respect to rack (10) and FIGS. 5-8, including
chamfers (134, 136).
[0122] Rack (12) comprises ends (442, 444) that are formed with
housing (400), and each end (442, 444) defines a portion of
respective hooks (422, 424). Each end (442, 444) comprises
respective chamfers (446, 448) along an outside surface of each end
(442, 444) facing away from rack (12). In the illustrated version
of FIG. 20, end (442) comprises two chamfers (446). Similarly, in
the illustrated version of FIG. 21, end (444) comprises two
chamfers (448).
[0123] Between each chamfer (446) of end (442) and between each
chamfer (448) of end (444), ends (442, 444) comprise respective
sections (450, 452). In some examples sections (450, 452) comprise
a chamfer as well, while in other examples sections (450, 452) may
be straight. With this configuration, ends (442, 444) are
configured to be positionable along one side of the rail or other
supportive members of a rack handling system. Chamfers (446, 448)
aid in quickly locating or positioning rack (12) on such rails or
other supportive members of a rack handling system as chamfers
(446, 448) act or function as guides to guide the rack (12) into
position with or engagement with such rails or other supportive
members of a rack handling system.
[0124] Hook (422) further comprises a nose portion (454) that
extends upward from fin (130) at an angle. This angled nose portion
(454) comprises another chamfer that is configured to aid in
lifting rack (12) away from the rails or other supportive members
of a rack handling system. For instance, in some rack handling
systems, multiple racks (12) may be installed in close proximity to
one another. Providing angled nose portion (454) allows rack (12)
to be lifted upward by handle (406). The lifting of handle (406)
tilts rack (12) toward end (442). Because of angled nose portion
(454), clearance is provided such that rack (12) is prevented from
contacting or obstructing another rack that may be installed or
positioned adjacent to end (442) of rack (12).
[0125] Hooks (422, 424) further comprise lead-in chamfers (460,
462) along each side of each respective hook (422, 424). In
particular, hook (422) comprises chamfers (460) along each side,
while hook (424) comprises chamfers (462) along each side. Chamfers
(460, 462) provide hooks (422, 424) with an angled configuration
such that hooks (422, 424) narrow as they extend away from a
centerline of rack (12) or outward from rack (12). Chamfers (460,
462) are configured such that they guide rack (12) when transported
to align rack within a transport or rack handling system to keep
rack (12) properly positioned. For instance, when rack (12) is
transported or moved in a direction parallel with a longitudinal
axis of rack (12), should rack (12) contact any structures of the
rack handling system during movement, chamfers (460, 462) will
direct rack (12) back into alignment or a proper position within
the rack handling system by contacting such structures of the rack
handling system. In view of the teachings herein, other features
that may be used with rack (12) or hooks (422, 424) of rack (12) to
aid in handling and transport will be apparent to those of ordinary
skill in the art.
[0126] C. Interlocking Bar and Groove
[0127] Referring to FIGS. 20 and 21, rack (12) further comprises a
longitudinally extending groove (456) along front of housing (400).
Additionally, rack (12) comprises a longitudinally extending bar
(458) along rear of housing (400). Note that in some versions,
groove (456) may instead be positioned along rear of housing (400)
with bar (458) positioned along front of housing (400). When
multiple racks (12) are used, bar (458) of one rack (12) cooperates
with groove (456) of an adjacent rack (12) in the same manner as
described above with respect to groove (156) and bar (158) of rack
(10).
[0128] While in the present example, grooves (456) and bars (458)
are shown and described as features of rack (12), in some instances
racks other than rack (12) can be configured with the same or
similar grooves (456) and bars (458). Similarly, grooves (456) and
bars (458) of these other racks may be located at a same distance
from a bottom of the respective racks such that these cooperating
features may work together across different rack designs. For
example, in the present examples, bars (158) of rack (10) may align
with and be able to cooperate with grooves (458) of rack (12) and
vice versa.
[0129] In the present example, one aspect of groove (456) and bar
(458) is that their longitudinally extending configuration provides
support for engaged adjacent racks along substantially the entire
length of the racks, or at least support is provided along a
majority of the length of the racks. Of course in other versions,
groove (456) and/or bar (458) are not required to extend
longitudinally substantially the length of rack (12), and instead
may extend only partially along rack (12) or only in certain
locations along rack (12).
[0130] While in the present example, the cooperating features of
adjacent racks are shown and described as grooves (456) and bars
(458), in other examples grooves (456) and bars (458) can be
modified or replaced with other structures that provide the same or
similar function. Such other structures or features will be
apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the
teachings herein.
[0131] D. Recessed Identification Areas
[0132] Referring again to FIG. 20, rack (12) comprises recessed
area (164) formed along a corner (401) of housing (400). Recessed
area (164) is described above with respect to rack (10) and that
same description of recessed area (164) applies equally to rack
(12) here. As shown in FIG. 20, an additional recessed area (166)
can be provided on the front of housing (400). Recessed area (166)
is described above with respect to rack (10) and that same
description of recessed area (166) applies equally to rack (12)
here.
[0133] E. Windows and Indicia
[0134] Rack (12) includes other visual features. In the present
example rack (12) has a solid back of housing (400). In some other
versions rack (12) may be modified to incorporate viewing apertures
the same or similar to viewing apertures (168) described above with
respect to rack (10).
[0135] With rack (12), each of the spaces (470) for receiving
sample cups are at least partially defined by a respective U-shaped
notch (472) in the rear of housing (400) as shown in FIG. 21. On
the front of housing (400), each space (470) is at least partially
defined by a respective elongated U-shaped notch (474) as shown in
FIG. 20. Notches (474) align across from notches (472). Notches
(472, 474) provide for a location for viewing labels of sample
cups, viewing samples contained within sample cups, and/or scanning
a barcode or other scannable feature on the sample cups themselves
or labels affixed to the sample cups. With the configuration
described above, notches (472, 474) provided for finger gripping of
the sample cups that may be positioned within spaces (470) of rack
(12). While the present example shows notches (472, 474) as having
U-shapes or elongate U-shapes, in view of the teachings herein,
other shapes for notches (472, 474) will be apparent to those of
ordinary skill in the art.
[0136] Rack (12) further includes certain indicia to assist in the
use of rack (12). For instance, rack (12) includes a direction
arrow (176) in the same manner as described above with respect to
rack (10). Rack (12) further includes a graphic (478) as seen in
FIG. 21. Graphic (478) is configured to communicate to the user the
type of sample container compatible for use with rack (12). In the
present example, graphic (478) has the form of a sample cup style
sample container. Thus in the present example graphic (478) is
configured to communicate to a user that rack (12) is compatible
and/or usable with at least sample containers comprising sample
cups.
[0137] As shown in FIG. 21, graphic (478) is located on end (444)
of housing (400). Thus, graphic (478) is located on the same end of
housing (400) as is handle (406). By locating graphic (478) on the
same end of housing (400) as handle (406), a user may easily
observe or check the rack type being picked up to ensure that the
desired rack style is selected--sample tube style compatible or
sample cup style compatible. In view of the teachings herein, other
forms and placements for graphic (478) of rack (12) will be
apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0138] Rack (10) further comprises position indicators (180) that
correspond with spaces (470) within rack (12). Position indicators
(180) are the same as position indicators (180) described above
with respect to rack (10), and the description above for position
indicators (180) is understood to apply equally to both racks (10,
12). Additionally, rack (12) comprises position indicators (182)
that are located along a top surface of the front of housing (400)
as shown in FIG. 20. Position indicators (182) are the same as
position indicators (182) described above with respect to rack
(10), and the description above for position indicators (182) is
understood to apply equally to both racks (10, 12).
[0139] In view of the teachings herein, other ways to incorporate
viewing features--such notches (472, 474)--and indicia--such as
arrow (176), graphic (478), and position indicators (180,
182)--into rack (12) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in
the art.
[0140] F. Stop Insert
[0141] FIGS. 22 and 23 show stop insert (600) separated from
housing (400). In assembling rack (12), stop insert (600) is
positioned within housing (400) from beneath housing (400). In this
manner, stop insert (600) comprises base (408) as described further
below. Stop insert (600) also comprises engaging features (602)
configured as upward projecting fins. Engaging features (602) are
resilient and will deflect when stop insert (600) is assembled with
housing (400). For instance, in one example, each engaging feature
(602) contacts an interior wall (520) of housing (400) when being
assembled. Engaging features (602) deflect and apply force to
interior wall (520), which holds stop insert (600) together with
housing (400). In some examples, ultrasonic welding is also used to
securely connect stop insert (600) with housing (400). Other
structures and techniques for securely connecting stop insert (600)
with housing (400) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in
the art in view of the teachings herein.
[0142] As shown in FIG. 23, housing (400) comprises posts (522)
that are configured to engage with corresponding mating features
(606) of stop insert (600). In the present example, mating features
(606) are configured as void spaces for receiving posts (522)
during assembly of stop insert (600) with housing (400). In the
present example, the arrangement of mating features (606) and posts
(522) is such that stop insert (600) will only be accepted within
housing (400) if oriented in one direction or way. Thus, mating
features (606) and posts (522) act as a poka-yoke feature to make
it difficult or impossible to connect stop insert (600) with
housing (400) in an incorrect orientation. Stated another way, in
the present example, posts (522) will only align with mating
features (606) when stop insert (600) is properly positioned
relative to housing (400). In view of the teachings herein, other
ways to incorporate and configure various engaging features and
assemble stop insert (600) with housing (400) will be apparent to
those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0143] As mentioned above, stop insert (600) comprises base (408).
FIG. 21 shows base (408), which comprises longitudinally extending
beams (486). As shown in the example of FIG. 21, beams (486) extend
nearly the full the length of rack (12), but in other versions
beams (486) may extend less than nearly the full length. Together,
beams (486) are configured as the bottom surface upon which rack
(12) sits when placed on a surface in an upright orientation. Base
(408) further comprises transversely extending dividers (488),
which are identical to dividers (188) described above such that the
description above for dividers (188) applies equally to dividers
(488) as it pertains to rack (12).
[0144] In the illustrated example, two rectangular recesses (490)
within base (408) are configured to engage with features of a rack
handling system to control movement of rack (12) in the same manner
as the two rectangular recesses (190) described above with respect
to rack (10). Accordingly, the description above for the two
rectangular recesses (190) applies equally to the two rectangular
recesses (490) as they pertain to rack (12).
[0145] In the present example, like rack (10), rack (12) does not
contain magnets. However, in some other versions, base (408) of
rack (12) can be configured with magnets as described above with
respect to rack (10). Again, while in the illustrated example,
magnets are not required, in view of the teachings herein, those of
ordinary skill in the art will understand various ways magnets may
be incorporated with and used with rack (12).
[0146] Base (408) of rack (12) further comprises column features
(494) on a front and rear side of base (408). Along a rear side of
base (408), each column feature (494) aligns with one of spaces
(470) configured to receive a sample cup. In this manner, column
features (494) on the rear of base (408) may be used to index the
location of the sample cups. For example, column features (494) on
the rear of base (408) can be used in a rack handling system to
stop rack (12) at each space (470) coinciding with a sample cup's
position. In a rack handling system, the two column features (494)
of the front of base (408) can be used to push or pull rack (12) in
transfer lanes of the rack handling system. Note that use of column
features (494) is not required in all versions. In some instances
one rack handling system may be configured to move and handle rack
(12) based on column features (494). In some other instances,
another rack handling system may be configured to move and handle
rack (12) based on one or more recesses (490) as described above.
And still in other instances a rack handling system may be
configured to move and handle rack (12) based on a combination of
one or more recesses (490) and one or more column features (494).
In view of the teachings herein, other ways to configure rack (12)
and those systems that handle racks (12) will be apparent to those
of ordinary skill in the art.
[0147] As shown in FIGS. 21 and 23, base (408) of rack (12) further
comprises drain holes (608). Drain holes (608) are configured to
drain water from within rack (12) after cleaning etc. In this
manner water or other cleaning fluid is prevented from being
trapped within rack (12). Drain holes (608) also provide for
venting to assist with drying rack (12) after cleaning. In addition
to drain holes (608), openings (610) within rods (612) of stop
insert (600) also provide for drainage and venting.
[0148] Stop insert (600) comprises rods (612) as mentioned above.
Rods (612) are configured as stop features that are positioned
within spaces (470) of housing (400). The height of rods (612) is
lower than the height of spaces (470). In this manner, rods (612)
are configured to not interfere or contact a supported sample cup
within rack (12). Rods (612) are however configured such that if
one mistakenly attempts to use rack (12), which is designed for
sample cups, with a sample tube, the sample tube will contact rod
(612) within space (470). This contact will prevent the sample tube
form being supported by cradles (524). This visual and tactile lack
of support for the sample tube provides feedback to a user that an
alternate rack, such as rack (10), is needed for use with a sample
tube. In view of the teachings herein, other structures that may be
used instead of or in addition to rods (612) as a tube stop feature
will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0149] G. Sample Cup Locators
[0150] FIGS. 20 and 24 show an upper region of housing (400)
comprising cradles (524) that are configured to receive one or more
sample cups. Cradles (524) are aligned with spaces (470) for
holding sample tubes, and further cradles (524) are open such that
cradles (524) provide access to spaces (470). Cradles (524) in the
present example have a circular profile interrupted by U-shaped
notches (472, 474) on each side.
[0151] FIG. 24 shows cradles (524) comprise a multi-level top
surface (526). In the present example, multi-level top surface
(526) comprises an angled lower rim (528) configured to guide
placement of a sample cup within space (470). Multi-level surface
(526) further comprises lower shelf (530) configured to support a
sample cup inserted within space (470). Multi-level surface (526)
further comprises angled upper rim (532) and upper shelf (534).
Depending on the size of the sample cup used, angled upper rim
(532) is configured to either guide the sample cup to lower shelf
(530), or to support the sample cup. Upper shelf (534) 534) is
configured to support a sample cup in a similar manner to lower
shelf (530). As shown, angled lower rim (528), lower shelf (530),
angled upper rim (532), and upper shelf are concentrically
oriented, each defining a different diameter within the top of
space (470). Furthermore, angled lower rim (528), lower shelf
(530), angled upper rim (532), and upper shelf are arranged at
varying heights relative to one another as shown. With this
multi-level configuration, rack (12) is configured for use with
sample cups of various sizes.
[0152] FIG. 25 illustrates, by way of example only and not
limitation, several sample containers in the form of sample cups
that are usable with rack (12) described above. Sample cup (760)
comprises a body (762), a flange (764) extending outward from body
(762), a first end (767), and a second end (768). First end is
closed and includes a bottom or end portion (763) represented in
the present example as a non-radiused tip (765). Second end (768)
includes an opening (769) configured to receive a sample. Sample
cup (760) defines a longitudinal axis (761). Sample cup (760) is
configured with a 2 milliliter volume in the present example.
Sample tube (760) may be revolved about longitudinal axis (761).
Sample tube (760) may be symmetrical about its longitudinal axis
(761)--axisymmetric--as shown, but in other versions sample tube
(760) may be partially symmetrical or asymmetrical. Sample tube
(760) may be cylindrical, have a cylindrical portion, the
cylindrical portion may have draft (to facilitate molding) and thus
be conical, etc. In view of the teachings herein, other
modifications to sample tube (760) will be apparent to those of
ordinary skill in the art.
[0153] Sample cup (770) comprises a body (772), a flange (774)
extending outward from body (772), a first end (777), and a second
end (768). First end is closed and includes a bottom or end portion
(773) represented in the present example as a non-radiused tip
(775). Second end (778) includes an opening (779) configured to
receive a sample. Flange (774) extends to a top (776) of sample cup
(770) as shown. Sample cup (770) defines a longitudinal axis (771).
Sample cup (770) is configured with a 2 milliliter volume in the
present example. Sample tube (770) may be revolved about
longitudinal axis (771). Sample tube (770) may be symmetrical about
its longitudinal axis (771)--axisymmetric--as shown, but in other
versions sample tube (770) may be partially symmetrical or
asymmetrical. Sample tube (770) may be cylindrical, have a
cylindrical portion, the cylindrical portion may have draft (to
facilitate molding) and thus be conical, etc. In view of the
teachings herein, other modifications to sample tube (770) will be
apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0154] Sample cup (780) comprises a lower body portion (782), a
flange (784) extending outward from lower body portion (782), an
upper body portion (786) located above flange (784), a first end
(787), and a second end (788). First end (787) is closed and
includes a bottom or end portion (783) represented in the present
example as a non-radiused tip (785). Second end (788) includes an
opening (789) configured to receive a sample. Sample cup (780)
defines a longitudinal axis (781). Sample cup (780) is configured
with a 3 milliliter volume in the present example. Sample tube
(780) may be revolved about longitudinal axis (781). Sample tube
(780) may be symmetrical about its longitudinal axis
(781)--axisymmetric--as shown, but in other versions sample tube
(780) may be partially symmetrical or asymmetrical. Sample tube
(780) may be cylindrical, have a cylindrical portion, the
cylindrical portion may have draft (to facilitate molding) and thus
be conical, etc. In view of the teachings herein, other
modifications to sample tube (780) will be apparent to those of
ordinary skill in the art.
[0155] Sample cup (790) comprises a body (792), a flange (794)
extending outward from body (792), a first end (797), and a second
end (798). First end (797) is closed and includes a bottom or end
portion (793) represented in the present example as a non-radiused
tip (795). Second end (798) includes and opening (799) configured
to receive a sample. Sample cup (790) defines a longitudinal axis
(791). Sample cup (790) is configured with a 0.5 milliliter volume
in the present example. Sample tube (790) may be revolved about
longitudinal axis (791). Sample tube (790) may be symmetrical about
its longitudinal axis (791)--axisymmetric--as shown, but in other
versions sample tube (790) may be partially symmetrical or
asymmetrical. Sample tube (790) may be cylindrical, have a
cylindrical portion, the cylindrical portion may have draft (to
facilitate molding) and thus be conical, etc. In view of the
teachings herein, other modifications to sample tube (790) will be
apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Sample cups as
shown in FIG. 25 and described above are available from providers
such as Beckman Coulter and Hitachi.
[0156] FIG. 26 illustrates rack (12) retaining sample cups (770,
780, 790) within various positions within rack (12). Referring also
to FIG. 24, lower shelf (530) engages with the underside of flanges
(774, 784, 794) to selectively retain sample cups (770, 780, 790)
within rack (12). In this manner, respective interfaces (778, 788,
798) are defined by at least a portion of the underside of
respective flanges (774, 784, 794) of sample cups (770. 780. 790)
and at least a portion of lower shelf (530) such that there is a
common boundary between respective flanges (774, 784, 794) and
lower shelf (530) when sample cups (770, 780, 790) are retained
within rack (12). In view of the teachings herein, other sample
cups compatible for use with rack (12) will be apparent to those of
ordinary skill in the art. Additionally, in view of the teachings
herein, various ways to modify rack (12) and multi-level top
surface (526) to accommodate other sized sample cups will be
apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
[0157] Referring to FIG. 26 and FIG. 19 as described above, the
same features of a sample container may interface with rack (10)
and rack (12) as shown and described herein. For example, flanges
(752, 764, 774, 784, 794) of sample cups (750, 760, 770, 780, 790)
are configured to interface with both clamp inserts (300, 800) of
rack (10) as well as interfacing with shelf (530) of cradles (524)
of rack (12). Similarly, the sample containers described herein may
be configured with bottoms and/or outer diameters that make the
various sample containers usable with either rack (10) or rack
(12). In view of the teachings herein, other features of a given
sample container that may interface with both rack (10) and rack
(12) such that the sample container is suitable for use with
either, will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in
view of the teachings herein.
[0158] The racks (10, 12) may be used in a variety of applications
and thereby hold and/or transfer one or more of the sample
containers (700, 720, 740, 760, 770, 780, 790) in various
combinations. FIGS. 27-29 illustrate an example application where
the racks (10, 12) hold and transfer one or more sample containers
(700, 720, 740, 760, 770, 780, 790) in and about an exemplary
sample analyzer (500). The sample containers (700, 720, 740, 760,
770, 780, 790) are not shown at FIGS. 27-29. However, one or more
of the sample containers (700, 720, 740, 760, 770, 780, 790) may be
positioned in the racks (10, 12) in various combinations, as
described in detail above. One or more of the sample containers
(700, 720, 740, 760, 770, 780, 790) may be individually inserted
through one or more of the openings (171) of the spaces or
compartments (170) (e.g., through a top (226) of the rack (10)
toward a bottom (228) of the rack (10)). A single rack (10) is
shown at FIGS. 27-29. However, a plurality of the racks (10, 12)
may be used together in various combinations in the exemplary
sample analyzer (500).
[0159] When used with the sample analyzer (500), the rack (10, 12)
may be loaded with one or more of the sample containers (700, 720,
740, 760, 770, 780, 790) before the rack (10, 12) is loaded into
the sample analyzer (500). The rack (10, 12) may thereby also be
used to hold and transfer one or more of the sample containers
(700, 720, 740, 760, 770, 780, 790) to and/or from the sample
analyzer (500). Alternatively, the rack (10, 12) may be loaded with
one or more of the sample containers (700, 720, 740, 760, 770, 780,
790) after the rack (10, 12) has been loaded into the sample
analyzer (500). Alternatively, the rack (10, 12) may be partially
loaded with one or more of the sample containers (700, 720, 740,
760, 770, 780, 790) before the rack (10, 12) is loaded into the
sample analyzer (500), and one or more additional sample containers
(700, 720, 740, 760, 770, 780, 790) may be loaded into the rack
(10,12) after the rack (10, 12) has been loaded into the sample
analyzer (500).
[0160] The exemplary sample analyzer (500) includes a sample
presentation unit (SPU) (510). The SPU (510) transfers the rack
(10, 12) and thereby transfers the sample containers (700, 720,
740, 760, 770, 780, 790) to various stations within the sample
analyzer (500). As illustrated at FIGS. 27-29, the SPU (510)
includes a lateral movement section (540) (i.e., an onload-offload
lane) and a transverse movement section (550) (i.e., a presentation
lane). As depicted, the lateral movement section (540) is
substantially perpendicular to the transverse movement section
(550). The lateral movement section (540) includes an onload lane
(512) and an offload lane (516). A presentation lane (514) of the
transverse movement section (550) is positioned between the onload
lane (512) and the offload lane (516).
[0161] The lateral movement section (540) includes a pusher (536)
to advance the rack (10, 12) along the onload lane (512) and the
offload lane (516). The transverse movement section (550) includes
a carrier (556) to advance the rack (10, 12) along the presentation
lane (514). The onload lane (512) includes a first rail (542)
(i.e., onload back rail) and a second rail (544) (i.e., onload
front rail). The presentation lane (514) includes a third rail
(552) (i.e., a carrier back rail, a first hook holder, etc.) and a
fourth rail (554) (i.e., carrier front rail, a second hook holder,
etc.). The offload lane (516) includes a fifth rail (546) (i.e.,
offload back rail) and a sixth rail (548) (i.e., offload front
rail). The first rail (542) and the fifth rail (546) are aligned
with each other. Likewise, the second rail (544) and the sixth rail
(548) are aligned with each other and are substantially parallel to
the first rail (542) and the fifth rail (546). When the carrier
(556) is at a receiving position (e.g., see FIGS. 27 and 28), the
third rail (552) is aligned with the first rail (542) and the fifth
rail (546), and the fourth rail (554) is aligned with the second
rail (544) and the sixth rail (548).
[0162] To load the rack (10, 12) into the SPU (510), the hook (122)
is engaged with the rail (542, 552, and/or 546), and the hook (124)
is engaged with the rail (544, 554, and/or 548). To facilitate
placing the rack (10, 12) into the SPU (510), the handle (106) may
be manually grasped by an operator. The rack (10, 12) may be loaded
into the SPU (510) via automated means (e.g., by a robot, a
pick-and-place apparatus, etc.).
[0163] When a plurality of the racks (10, 12) are held by the SPU
(510), the racks (10, 12) are typically loaded into the SPU (510)
at the onload lane (512). The racks (10, 12) may thus be stacked
within the SPU (510). For example, a front (222) of one of the
racks (10, 12) may abut a rear (224) of another of the racks (10,
12). Where more than two of the racks (10, 12) are held by the SPU
(510), the front (222) of one of the racks (10, 12) may abut the
rear (224) of another of the racks (10, 12) positioned ahead of it,
and the rear (224) of the one of the racks (10, 12) may abut the
front (222) of another of the racks (10, 12) positioned behind it.
A pattern of abutting racks (10, 12) may thus be formed into a
stack. A rear (224) of a rearmost rack (10, 12) may abut the pusher
(536).
[0164] One or more of the racks (10, 12) may be loaded into the SPU
(510) at a time. For example, the hook (122) may be engaged with
the rail (542), and the hook (124) may be engaged with the rail
(544) to load the racks (10, 12) into the onload lane (512). If
needed, (e.g., when others of the racks (10, 12) are already
positioned within the SPU (510)), the pusher (536) may be retracted
(e.g., moved away from the already positioned racks (10, 12)) and
thereby make room for the newly added rack(s) (10, 12). Upon the
one or more of the racks (10, 12) being loaded into the SPU (510),
the pusher (536) may be advanced (e.g., moved toward the racks (10,
12)) and thereby remove any excess room between the pusher (536)
and the rack(s) (10, 12). One or more of the racks (10, 12) may be
loaded into the SPU (510) ahead of, in the middle of, or behind the
rack(s) (10, 12) already positioned within the SPU (510).
[0165] To move the rack(s) (10, 12), and thereby move one or more
of the sample containers (700, 720, 740, 760, 770, 780, 790),
through/into the sample analyzer (500), the pusher (536) may
advance the rack(s) (10, 12) and thereby position at least one of
the rack(s) (10, 12) into the presentation lane (514) when the
carrier (556) is at the receiving position (e.g., see movement
between FIGS. 27 and 28). Upon moving from the onload lane (512) to
the presentation lane (514), the hook (122) transfers engagement
from the rail (542) to the rail (552), and the hook (124) transfers
engagement from the rail (544) to the rail (554). To further move
the rack(s) (10, 12), and thereby further move one or more of the
sample containers (700, 720, 740, 760, 770, 780, 790), through/into
the sample analyzer (500) (e.g., through a gate (558)), the carrier
(556) may advance from the receiving position and thereby advance
at least one of the rack(s) (10, 12) along the presentation lane
(514) (e.g., see movement between FIGS. 28 and 29) further into the
sample analyzer (500). Upon reaching a predetermined position
within the sample analyzer (500), sample(s) within one or more of
the sample containers (700, 720, 740, 760, 770, 780, 790) may be
withdrawn and/or otherwise processed and/or analyzed by and/or
within the sample analyzer (500).
[0166] To remove the rack(s) (10, 12), and thereby remove the one
or more of the sample containers (700, 720, 740, 760, 770, 780,
790), through/from the sample analyzer (500), the carrier (556) may
retract from the predetermined position to the receiving position
and thereby withdraw the at least one of the rack(s) (10, 12) along
the presentation lane (514) (e.g., see movement between FIGS. 29
and 28) from the sample analyzer (500). To reach the receiving
position (e.g., through the gate (558)), the carrier (556)
positions the at least one of the rack(s) (10, 12) along the
lateral movement section (540). The pusher (536) may then advance
the rack(s) (10, 12) and thereby position the at least one of the
rack(s) (10, 12) into the offload lane (516) when the carrier (556)
is at the receiving position (e.g., see movement between FIGS. 27
and 28, but with the pusher (536) or a stack of the racks (10, 12)
pushing the at least one of the rack(s) (10, 12) out of the carrier
(556) and into the offload lane (516)). Upon moving from the
presentation lane (514) to the offload lane (516), the hook (122)
transfers engagement from the rail (552) to the rail (546), and the
hook (124) transfers engagement from the rail (554) to the rail
(548). To further move the rack(s) (10, 12), and thereby further
move one or more of the sample containers (700, 720, 740, 760, 770,
780, 790), through/from the sample analyzer (500), additional
rack(s) (10, 12) may be similarly ejected from the carrier (556)
into the offload lane (516) and thereby push the at least one of
the rack(s) (10, 12) along the offload lane (516). The racks (10,
12) may similarly be driven off of an end of the offload lane (516)
(e.g., into a waste receptacle) and thereby be unloaded from the
sample analyzer (500).
[0167] Alternatively, to unload the rack (10, 12) from the SPU
(510), the hook (122) may be disengaged from the rail (542, 552,
and/or 546), and the hook (124) may be disengaged from the rail
(544, 554, and/or 548). To facilitate removing the rack (10, 12)
from the SPU (510), the handle (106) may be manually grasped by the
operator. The rack (10, 12) may be unloaded from the SPU (510) via
automated means (e.g., by a robot, a pick-and-place apparatus,
etc.). A plurality of the racks (10, 12) may be simultaneously held
by the offload lane (516) (similar to the onload lane (512)). The
racks (10, 12) are typically unloaded from the SPU (510) at the
offload lane (516).
[0168] It should be understood that any one or more of the
teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc. described
herein may be combined with any one or more of the other teachings,
expressions, embodiments, examples, etc. that are described herein.
The following-described teachings, expressions, embodiments,
examples, etc. should therefore not be viewed in isolation relative
to each other. Various suitable ways in which the teachings herein
may be combined will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill
in the art in view of the teachings herein. Such modifications and
variations are intended to be included within the scope of the
claims.
[0169] Having shown and described various embodiments of the
present disclosure, further adaptations of the methods and systems
described herein may be accomplished by appropriate modifications
by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the
scope and the principles of the present disclosure. Several of such
potential modifications have been mentioned, and others will be
apparent to those skilled in the art. For instance, the examples,
embodiments, geometrics, materials, dimensions, ratios, steps, and
the like, discussed above, are illustrative and are not required.
Accordingly, the scope of the inventive aspects of the present
disclosure should be considered in terms of the following claims
and is understood not to be limited to the details of structure and
operation shown and described in the specification and
drawings.
* * * * *