U.S. patent application number 16/598942 was filed with the patent office on 2020-04-16 for cnc sink aperture cutting machine and method.
The applicant listed for this patent is Mingye Song. Invention is credited to Mingye Song.
Application Number | 20200114436 16/598942 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 70162368 |
Filed Date | 2020-04-16 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20200114436 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Song; Mingye |
April 16, 2020 |
CNC SINK APERTURE CUTTING MACHINE AND METHOD
Abstract
A device for cutting a sink opening in a countertop is
described. The device includes a base for receiving and securing
the countertop. It also includes a cutting assembly that has a
rotating cutting tool and a servomotor for controlling a depth of
the rotating cutting tool, multiple sets of guide rails attached to
said base wherein said cutting assembly moves along said rails; a
position controller which controls the position of said cutting
assembly and the depth of the rotating cutting tool. The controller
uses digital templates of sink openings to position the cutting
assembly along the guide rails and sets the depth of the cutting
tool.
Inventors: |
Song; Mingye; (Burr Ridge,
IL) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Song; Mingye |
Burr Ridge |
IL |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
70162368 |
Appl. No.: |
16/598942 |
Filed: |
October 10, 2019 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
62743927 |
Oct 10, 2018 |
|
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|
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B28D 1/30 20130101; B28D
1/18 20130101; B23C 3/13 20130101; B23C 2226/75 20130101 |
International
Class: |
B23C 3/13 20060101
B23C003/13; B28D 1/18 20060101 B28D001/18 |
Claims
1. A device for cutting an opening in a workpiece comprising: a
base for receiving and securing the workpiece; a cutting assembly
comprising a rotating cutting tool and a servomotor for controlling
a depth of the rotating cutting tool; a set of guide rails attached
to said base wherein said cutting assembly moves along said rails;
a position controller which controls the position of said cutting
assembly by operating a first plurality of stepper motors for
calculated periods of time and the depth of the rotating cutting
tool by operating a second plurality of steppers motor for a set
period of time; and a power supply in communication with said
cutting assembly and controller; wherein said controller uses
digital templates of sink openings to position the cutting assembly
along the guide rails.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein each said servomotor is controlled
by a controller which includes a voltage and a current sensor.
3. The device of claim 1 wherein said base is moveable.
4. The device of claim 1 wherein said controller controls current
and voltage to each of said servomotor provided by the power
supply.
5. The device of claim 1 wherein the first and second plurality of
stepper motors are manipulated by G-codes corresponding to sink
models.
6. The device of claim 5 wherein the G-codes utilize input
parameters defining the workpiece mounting styles.
7. The device of claim 1 wherein the base is configured to support
the workpiece in a horizontal position relative to a longitudinal
axis of the workpiece.
8. The device of claim 1 wherein the base is configured to support
the workpiece in a vertical position relative to a longitudinal
axis of the workpiece.
9. A method for cutting an aperture in a workpiece, the method
comprising; a) supporting the workpiece; b) using G-code to direct
a cutting bit to form the aperture in the workpiece.
10. The method as recited in claim 9 wherein the workpiece has a
longitudinal axis and the workpiece is supported perpendicular to
its longitudinal axis.
11. The method as recited in claim 9. wherein the workpiece has a
longitudinal axis and the workpiece is supported parallel to its
longitudinal axis.
12. The method as recited in claim 9 wherein the step of forming
the aperture further comprises c) begin contacting the cutting bit
on a starting point of the workpiece that is located medially from
a periphery of the workpiece; d) advancing the cutting bit from the
starting point and in a radial direction to a first point on the
periphery; e) advancing the cutting bit along the periphery to a
second point on the periphery, wherein the second point is located
a first distance D1 from the first point on the periphery and a
second distance D2 from the starting point of the workpiece such
that D1 is greater than D2; and f) advancing the cutting bit from
the second point of the periphery a second distance d2 to the
starting point of the periphery;
13. The method as recited in claim 12 wherein the workpiece
fractures along a line defined by the starting point on the
workpiece and the second point of the periphery.
14. The method as recited in claim 13 wherein the fracture occurs
during advancing of the cutting bit from the second point of the
periphery to the first point of the periphery.
15. The method as recited in claim 9 wherein the cutting bit is
extended and retracted in an axial direction while it cuts through
the workpiece.
16. The method as recited in claim 9 wherein the step of using G
code occurs without first creating CNC machine code.
17. The method as recited in claim 9 wherein the workpiece is a
countertop.
Description
PRIORITY CLAIM
[0001] This utility patent application claims the benefits of U.S.
Provisional Patent Application No. 62/743,927, filed on Oct. 10,
2018, currently pending, the entirety of which is incorporated
herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
[0002] The field of the invention is a portable machine for cutting
an arbitrary opening in a substrate, such as cutting an opening for
a sink in a countertop.
2. Background of the Invention
[0003] In various embodiments, the invention provides a device for
cutting precision apertures in substrates, and a method of cutting
such precision apertures.
[0004] In one embodiment, the invention comprises a portable device
which includes a cutting assembly that moves along several tracks.
The cutting assembly includes a rotating cutting tool, whose depth
of extension can be precision controlled. The device includes a
controller which moves the cutting assembly to one or more
positions and then extends the cutting tool to the desired depth.
The invention also includes a method of cutting a precision opening
in a short amount of time.
[0005] Prior art approaches for cutting sink openings include using
a manual template and manually cutting the opening within a stone
countertop. Such openings can take over an hour to complete.
Nonetheless, the prevailing method in the industry is to use such a
manual approach that uses hand-positioned tools and one or more
templates. While automatic CNC machines exist which can cut
openings in a number of ways, the machines are expensive, very
large, and require professional training before an end user can
successfully operate them for the first time.
[0006] State of the art systems often feature cutting bits which
remain at a single position along the z-axis during cutting. This
results in overwear along portions of the bit intermediate the
bit's first cutting end and the bit's second end anchored by the
chuck. Such overwear manifests itself as a countersunk region of
the bit flanked by shoulders. These shoulders often bind with the
workpiece during withdrawal of the bit, or during cutting,
resulting in fracture of the bit, the workpiece, or both. Also,
such overwear of the bit often results in uneven cuts to the
workpiece.
[0007] A need exists in the art for a device that can cut openings
in surfaces without the use of manual templates and without the use
of expensive cutting devices. Furthermore, the ideal device and
method should not require a professionally trained human
operator.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
[0008] An object of the invention is to create a device and method
for cutting an opening in a surface. An advantage of the invention
is that it allows for cutting of an opening in a surface, such as a
countertop.
[0009] Another object of the invention is to provide a cutting tool
that is portable. A feature of the invention is that it includes a
moveable base. An advantage of the invention is that the unit can
be moved to different locations within a facility.
[0010] A further object of the invention is to eliminate the use of
manual templates for cutting of apertures within a surface. A
feature of the invention is that the controller which operates the
components of the system uses digital templates as input to the
system. An advantage of one embodiment is that the system can reuse
templates indefinitely and is not limited to existing fixed
templates for a given job.
[0011] Yet another object of the invention is to facilitate
high-precision cutting of an opening. A feature of the invention is
that in one embodiment the location of the cutting assembly can be
controlled with a high degree of precision. An advantage of the
system is that it can create openings of an arbitrary shape within
a substrate such as a countertop.
[0012] Another object of the invention is to provide a device and
method that can create openings in a limited amount of time. A
feature of the invention is in one embodiment, the cutting assembly
and cutting tool can begin work as soon as the countertop is loaded
and will continue to cut the opening without stopping until the
task is completed. A benefit of the invention is that the cutting
of the opening can be completed as a single task performed in
minimal time.
[0013] An additional object of the invention is to provide a
cutting tool which minimizes waste. A feature of the invention is
that the controller will begin cutting the opening only once the
path of the cutting is known and confirmed to be correct. A benefit
of the invention is that countertop cutting tasks are started only
after providing user feedback.
[0014] A further object of the invention is to provide a cutting
tool which is inexpensive. A feature of the system is that it
includes a minimal number of components. A benefit of the system is
that it can be serviced by the end user and assembled with fewer
tools.
[0015] An additional object of the invention is to provide a system
which minimizes usage of consumable materials. A feature of the
invention is that the machine, in one embodiment, uses an
incremental cutting bit combined with spiral tool feeding that
doesn't wear off along the periphery of the bit but rather the wear
occurs incrementally from the end. An advantage of the system is
the elimination of premature wearing and replacement of the cutting
tool. Another benefit is that the aforementioned feature causes any
excessive wear to be easily detected without the need for periodic,
scheduled inspection or disassembly, such that the end user will
not over use the tool.
[0016] A further object of the invention is to provide a system
which minimizes dust creation. A feature of the invention is that,
in one embodiment, the system uses liquid dispersion and dust
collection systems. A benefit of the invention is that dust created
by the cutting system is minimized.
[0017] An additional object of the invention is to create a cutting
tool which uses an easy to understand interface. A feature of the
invention is that the cutting tool is specialized for cutting
tasks. A benefit of the invention is that the tool does not include
unnecessary options and can be used by any semi-skilled
technician.
[0018] A further object of the invention is to provide an improved
sink cutting device. A feature of the invention is that it doesn't
use physical templates and instead uses digitally-stored and
defined sink aperture shapes. Commercial sources provide popular
digital templates, usually as DXF files, and free of charge. Once
such source is Elkay Manufacturing Company, (Oak Brook, Ill.). An
embodiment of the invention converts those commercially available
templates into CNC machine code so that end users need not be
professionally trained to create the machine code. Another feature
is that the cutting processes, which include both cutting the
opening to the correct shape and the correct depth, are automated,
and not performed by hand, resulting in consistent aperture cuts.
Another feature of the system is that it may optionally include
automated polishing steps, including two phases of polishing tasks
in one embodiment, further reducing the amount of variation between
apertures. A benefit of the device is that the overall quality of
the work is consistent and high.
[0019] A yet additional object of the invention is to provide a
versatile sink opening cutting device. A feature of this invention,
in one embodiment, is that the cutting system is attached to a base
with three sides open for the end user to slide in the work piece
such as a countertop surface. As the cutting device is not
supported by the workpiece generally (and countertop specifically
in most instances), there are no limitations on the size of the
countertop to be altered using the system. Further, there is no
limit on the sink opening size, specifically there is no practical
sink opening that would be too small or too large for the device. A
benefit of this system is that it can cut any sized opening and do
so consistently
[0020] A device for cutting an opening in a workpiece (such as a
sink opening in a countertop or vanity) is described, the device
comprising: a base for removably receiving and securing the
workpiece in a horizontally disposed, vertically disposed or
angularly disposed position relative to horizontal level; a cutting
assembly comprising a rotating cutting tool and a servomotor for
controlling a depth of the rotating cutting tool; a second
servomotor controlling the angle of the cut through the workpiece,
a plurality of guide rails (perhaps multiple pairs of guide rails)
attached to said base wherein said cutting assembly moves along
said rails; a position controller which controls the position of
said cutting assembly and the depth of the rotating cutting tool;
wherein said controller uses digital templates of openings to
position the cutting assembly along the guide rails.
[0021] The invention also provides a method for cutting an aperture
in a workpiece, the method comprising supporting the workpiece; and
using G-code to direct a cutting bit to form the aperture in the
workpiece.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0022] The invention together with the above and other objects and
advantages will be best understood from the following detailed
description of the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in
the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0023] FIG. 1 depicts a perspective view of a cutting tool, in
accordance with features of the present invention;
[0024] FIG. 2 depicts another perspective view of the cutting tool,
with cable and water tube carrier shown, in accordance with
features of the present invention;
[0025] FIG. 3A is a front view of the cutting tool with at least
one cover removed, in accordance with features of the
invention;
[0026] FIG. 3B is a detailed view of a coupling mechanism of the
cutting device shown in FIG. 3A.
[0027] FIG. 4 depicts a detailed view of a component of one
embodiment of the cutting tool, in accordance with features of the
present invention;
[0028] FIG. 5A is a detailed view of initial alignment of the
cutting tool to a coordinate origin marking on a workpiece, in
accordance with features of the present invention;
[0029] FIG. 5B is a detailed view of the cutting tool tracing its
programmed path along the surface of the workpiece, thereby
simulating an actual cut out, in accordance with features of the
present invention;
[0030] FIG. 5C is a detailed view of the cutting tool with the
cutout of the workpiece removed;
[0031] FIG. 5D is a detail sequence of a pattern of cutting the
workpiece, in accordance with features of the present
invention;
[0032] FIG. 6 depicts a flowchart of use of embodiment cutting
tool, in accordance with features of the present invention;
[0033] FIG. 7 depicts an electrical schematic of the cutting tool,
in accordance with features of the present invention; and
[0034] FIG. 8 depicts a perspective view of a horizontally disposed
cutting tool, in accordance with features of the invention; and
[0035] FIG. 9 depicts a front view of the cutting tool, in
accordance with features of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0036] The foregoing summary, as well as the following detailed
description of certain embodiments of the present invention, will
be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended
drawings.
[0037] To the extent that the figures illustrate diagrams of the
functional blocks of various embodiments, the functional blocks are
not necessarily indicative of the division between hardware
circuitry. Thus, for example, one or more of the functional blocks
(e.g. processors or memories) may be implemented in a single piece
of hardware (e.g. a general purpose signal processor or a block of
random access memory, hard disk or the like). Similarly, the
programs may be stand-alone programs, may be incorporated as
subroutines in an operating system, may be functions in an
installed software package, and the like. It should be understood
that the various embodiments are not limited to the arrangements
and instrumentality shown in the drawings.
[0038] As used herein, an element or step recited in the singular
and proceeded with the word "a" or "an" should be understood as not
excluding plural said elements or steps, unless such exclusion is
explicitly stated. Furthermore, references to "one embodiment" of
the present invention are not intended to be interpreted as
excluding the existence of additional embodiments that also
incorporate the recited features. Moreover, unless explicitly
stated to the contrary, embodiments "comprising" or "having" an
element or a plurality of elements having a particular property may
include additional such elements not having that property.
[0039] Turning to FIG. 1, depicted therein is a schematic overview
of one embodiment of the invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the
embodiment 10 includes a workbench base 12, depicted in the figure
as a base for a table, the base comprising a plurality of vertical
supports 13 joined by horizontally disposed elongated substrates 15
which provide side-to-side stabilization. Each of the vertical
supports has a depending first end which contacts a ground surface
such as a floor on which the system rests. Each of the vertical
supports has an upwardly facing second end adapted to receive and
support a plurality of the horizontally disposed substrates to
define a rectangle, a square or other peripheral shape (partially
shown as dashed lines 17) of a table top. However, the device is
without a permanent countertop. Rather, the periphery so described
herein is adapted to receive a first plurality of workpiece
supports 32 spanning the width of the device. Each of the workpiece
supports 32 is supported by the horizontally disposed substrates 15
such that the workpiece supports 32 may also be horizontally
disposed. Further, each of the workpiece supports 32 has a first
end proximal to the front of the device, and a second, distal end,
with at least some of the distal ends terminating in a stop 33
(FIG. 9). The purpose of these stops are discussed infra.
[0040] As described in the attached figures, the components of the
embodiment 10 are installed above the workbench base 12 and
configured as a portable cantilever frame, the frame supported at
the rear of the periphery, such that the remaining three of the
sides of the periphery are open, allowing for ease of loading and
unloading of a work piece regardless of its shape and length, that
unloading occurring from the sides or front of the device. In other
embodiments, not shown, the base comprises other shapes, such as an
L-shape or a pair of sawhorses.
[0041] Attached to the base 12 is the workpiece, such as the
countertop 14 shown in FIG. 1. The workpiece is removably attached
to the base 12, by use of a clamp, removable fasteners, or the like
(not shown). The components of the embodiment 10 create a cutout 16
from the workpiece, creating an aperture in the workpiece. In the
embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the cutout 16 in the countertop 12 is a
substantially round opening suitable for mounting of a sink.
[0042] The embodiment 10 uses a cutting assembly 18 to house
various components necessary to accomplish the cutting tasks. A
cutting bit 20 is extended from the cutting assembly 18 surface
closest to the workpiece. The distance that the cutting bit 20 is
extended is subject to control by the system. A cutting bit
position motor 22 controls the depth of the cutting bit, in one
embodiment.
[0043] This position motor 22 also varies the position of the bit
along the bit's longitudinal axis. For example, during cutting, the
bit is extended and retracted along its longitudinal axis (i.e.,
the z-axis of the system and in the case of countertops, the z-axis
of the workpiece). This confers wear to the bit along its entire
longitudinally extending surface, and not just at a single contact
point, which is often the case in state of the art systems, as
discussed supra. Generally, the oscillating or extension and
retraction of the bit along its longitudinal axis is a method
achieved by software not an ability of the hardware.
[0044] The cutting assembly 18 position in the x-y plane is
controlled by the x-axis movement motor 26 and the y-axis movement
motors 24. The three motors combined with other structural
components of the device allow the cutting assembly 18 to reach any
position within a precision of within about 1 mm. Several
commercially available motors enable precisions of 0.1 mm or
less.
[0045] The cutting bit 20 operates as a rotational cutting bit and
its rotation is controlled by the cutting bit rotation motor
28.
[0046] The time of operation and the speed of operation of each
motor 22, 24, 26, 28 is governed by the control unit 30. The
control unit 30 will position the cutting assembly 18 as required
and either lower or raise the cutting bit 20 to create the required
cutout 16. The control unit 30 and power control unit 40 may be
combined into a stand alone power and control console.
[0047] The workpiece such as the countertop 14 rests on multiple
cross bar supports 32 in one embodiment. These cross bar supports
ensure that the workpiece does not bend or crack while the cutout
16 is completed.
[0048] The cutting assembly 18 moves along rails protected by dust
covers 34. The embodiment depicted in FIG. 1 includes a pair of
linear guide rails (not visible due to the dust covers) which are
mounted on both arms of the cantilever frame base 12. A beam (also
obscured by the covers) moves along the guide rails driven by two
stepper motors 24 at either or both ends of the beam. In one
embodiment, this movement is accomplished by a rack and pinion
mechanism. This allows the beam to move to any position in the
y-coordinate plane, with the limits of the movement being defined
by the rails. In turn, a set of three linear guide rails are
mounted on the beam. A cartridge 27 moves along the guide rails
driven by the motor 26, allowing the cartridge to be moved to any
position in the x-coordinate within the operating range. The
cartridge moves along the guide rails using a rack and pinion
mechanism, in one embodiment. The x and y directions are shown in
FIG. 1. The dust covers ensure that the dust created by the cutting
action does not foul the movement motors thereby lowering the
precision of the movement of the system. In addition, the cartridge
may be adapted to be tilted at an angle to the x axis, the y-axis,
the z-axis or all three simultaneously to effect beveled cuts. This
adaptation may take the form of a step motor positioned relative to
the x-axis, y-axis, and/or z-axis position step motors.
[0049] Movement of the assembly 18 in the vertical direction is
accomplished by a pair of linear guide rails, which are mounted on
the cartridge vertically. The movement of the assembly 18 up and
down is driven by the stepper motor 22 mounted on the cutting
assembly 18. In one embodiment, the movement occurs via a set of
ball screw assembly, allowing the cutting assembly 18 to be moved
(up and down) to any depth in the z-coordinate within the operating
range. A fourth stepper motor may be employed to provide beveled
edges to the work piece whereby the bit is positioned at an angle
off of the z-axis or vertical. Alternatively, the bed of the system
may be tilted off vertical to induce the formation of such bevels
and/or facilitate loading the workpiece vertically.
[0050] The base 12 includes independently adjustable height
supports 36, such as legs whose extension can be changed to ensure
that the base 12 is substantially level. However, inasmuch as the
legs are independently adjustable, legs at one end of the machine
may be left longer or shorter than at the other end.
[0051] The base 12 also includes moving brackets 38, which allow
the embodiment 10 to be moved to several worksites by the use of a
forklift or jack. The brackets shown in FIG. 1 are configured as
fixed rectangular stirrups adapted to receive forks from a forklift
such that the stirrups maybe welded, removably attached via nut and
bolt, or integrally molded with the system structure.
Alternatively, the stirrups maybe independently and removably
positioned relative to each other to adjust for various means for
moving the entire assembly.
[0052] The various components of the embodiment 10 are provided
power by a power and control unit 40. The power and control unit 40
includes an external power connection 42. In the embodiment shown,
the external power connection is a standard plug as the system is
portable and does not require permanent wiring nor does it require
excessive current. In various embodiments, the system is powered by
120/208V (three phase) 20 A or 277/480V (three phase) 10 A.
[0053] Turning to the view of one embodiment 10 in FIG. 2, visible
therein are the cable and water tube carrier 52 which is attached
to the cutting assembly at the attachment point 54. In one
embodiment, the cable carrier as depicted in FIG. 2, houses cables
and water conduits that are connected to move along with the motors
and the cutting tool. The cable carrier, in one embodiment, is made
of plastic or metal providing a cross-sectional rigid structure to
contain and protect the cables and tubes while is radially flexible
to allow the cables and tubes to move along.
[0054] As visible in FIG. 2, in one embodiment the cutting assembly
includes the position sensor 58, however not all embodiments
include this sensor.
[0055] Similarly, cable carriers are used in conjunction with one
of the y-axis movement motors 24. This allows the movement of both
the x-axis motor and the y-axis motors to be subject to precision
control.
[0056] FIG. 2 also shows the power and control unit 40. In the
embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the power and control unit 40 extends
the length of the workbench base 12. However, the control unit 40
may extend the width of the workbench base and rotatably mounted
thereto to accommodate instances where the entire cutting system 10
is rotated to a vertical configuration.
[0057] Alternatively, and as depicted in FIG. 9, the control unit
may be engineered as a separate, stand alone unit 150.
Cutting Assembly Details
[0058] FIG. 3 depicts a front view of an embodiment 10 of the
invention showing the details of the cutting assembly 18, with at
least one cover of the cutting assembly 18 removed.
[0059] Shown in the detailed interior view is the spindle motor 28
and the cutting bit 20.
[0060] The cutting bit mechanical spindle 60 (driven by motor 28)
includes the cutting bit 20 and nozzles 62 which provide cooling
water used by the cutting process. Further provided are elements
64, 66, detailed in FIG. 3B, which couple the motor 28 and the
spindle 69 together, in some embodiments. Elements 64 and 66 may
couple to the shaft (element number??) in a typical keyway fashion,
and reversibly fastened thereto by a plurality of keyway set screws
67.
Power and Control Unit Details
[0061] FIG. 4 depicts a detailed view of the power and control unit
40. The power and control unit 40 includes the power subunit 66 and
motor control subunits 68. In one embodiment, each of the subunits
is enclosed in a water-tight container to prevent the short
circuiting of any of the subunits. The subunits 68 control each of
the stepper motors, 22, 24, and 26. The control unit 40 also
includes the variable frequency drive 70 for the motor 28.
[0062] FIG. 7 depicts a detailed schematic of the components of the
power and control unit 40 along with the interactions of the power
and control unit 40 with the remaining components of an embodiment
of the system 10.
[0063] The power control unit 40 includes two kinds of power
supplies or one power supply with multiple subcomponents, in one
embodiment. One set of power systems is the transformer for the
four step motors described above, each of the step motors is
connected by a driver. These motors are generally low voltage and
consume low amounts of power. A second part of the power supply
provides power to the main spindle motor 28 in the cutting assembly
18. In one embodiment, the motor 28 is a high power motor, which
uses 3.7 kW of power. This high power motor turns the cutting bit,
which contacts the substrate to be cut.
[0064] As shown in the schematic of FIG. 7, the power supply 120
provides at least two types of voltage and current sources. A first
type 122 provides the power to the four stepper motor drives 124
that in turn feed the four stepper motors x1, x2, y and z in the
cutting machine 130. A second type 126 of voltage and current
source powers the VFD (variable frequency drive) that in turn feeds
the spindle motor 132 that runs the cutting tool 134.
[0065] The control unit 128 sends commands to the four stepper
motor drives that in turn operate the four stepper motors. The
control unit 128 commands are in the form of positive and negative
voltages, in one embodiment, those commands defined by G-code which
is a commonly used type of CNC machine language. The end result of
the commands is that the motors move in the required directions and
desired distance of steps, so that the cutting tool of the cutting
assembly is moved to the correct x-, y- and z-coordinate along the
cutting route at programmed depths. The control unit 128 sends
analogous commands to the VFD that in turn operates the spindle
motor 132 in the desired direction and at a proper speed, as
dictated by the present state of the system.
[0066] FIG. 7 also shows a hand dial 140. The hand dial 140 is in
electrical communications with the controller 128. In one
embodiment, the hand dial 140 allows for movement of the cutting
assembly in all three coordinates. Other options on the hand dial
include a simulation of the cutting route, the ability to start,
stop, pause and emergency stop the process. The options on the hand
dial are executed using a series of push buttons 142, in one
embodiment. In another embodiment, the hand dial includes a
touchpad interface with a variable display.
[0067] In FIG. 7, the various components are shown as having
physical or wired connections. In some embodiments, several of the
connections are implemented using wireless interfaces. For example,
in some embodiments, the hand dial 140 includes a wireless
interface with a wireless receiver in communications with the
controller 128. Further, while each communication line is depicted
a single line in the schematic in FIG. 7, in some embodiments, a
single communications channel handles multiple types of messages,
decreasing the number of required physical wires. As shown in the
figure, the single lines show relationships between the components.
In some embodiments, each line is implemented using a particular
circuit or sets of circuits.
Method of Use
[0068] Several steps of the use of the system is shown in FIGS.
5A-C. In operation, a countertop workpiece 14 initially is placed
on the workbench (not shown in FIG. 5A). A piece of tape 80 with a
beginning mark 82 is added to the countertop. In one embodiment of
the invention, the tape is added before the countertop is slid into
place. In another embodiment, a removable mark is used in place of
the tape, resulting in a mark on the work piece. The cutting bit 20
is moved into position over the starting mark 82. Therefore, the
cutting tool is aligned with the mark and this location is set as
the work piece coordinate origin, in one embodiment. There may be
one work piece coordinate origin, or a plurality of origins,
depending on the complexity of the cut out and whether the work
piece needs to be repositioned after further processing elsewhere.
Generally, since countertop cutouts are relatively simple in the
realm of CNC machining, one origin may be sufficient.
[0069] The end user thereafter selects the template from the
interface. In one embodiment, the template comprises a digital
template in the form of a DXF file, or another industry standard
file format. The end user may select the reference point in the
digital template file which is aligned to the starting mark 82. The
end user confirms the thickness of the workpiece 14 and the
diameter and length of the cutting bit 20. The end user also
selects the mounting style. While any value can be inputted, three
sink mounting styles are most popular: 0-flush; positive value
multitude of 1/16''--reveal; negative value multitude of
1/16''--overhang. The process is then confirmed and ready to start,
in one embodiment.
[0070] As shown in FIG. 5B, prior to spinning up, the cutting
assembly 18 traces a simulated path of the cutting, shown as
imaginary line 84.
[0071] The cutting bit 20 then spins up, and cuts the actual groove
86 (FIG. 5C) in the workpiece 14. This is done by continuously
repositioning the cutting assembly 18 relative to the stationary
workpiece. In instances of generating a cutout in a countertop, the
path cut is nearly an inch wide.
[0072] Surprisingly and unexpectedly, the inventors found that
toward the end of the cutting sequence, for example, during the
completion of a circular aperture, breakaway artifacts can be
minimized so that chips to the final periphery of the aperture are
avoided. The controller is programmed to start cutting at a point
A.sup.1, which is positioned medially from the periphery (dotted
line P) defining the cutout. Cutting commences along a lead in line
A1-E extending at an angle A-A.sup.1-E which opens toward the
periphery. (A "lead in line" indicates that the line leads into the
periphery path from a point laterally located relative to the
path.) Point A lies on the periphery P and point A1 is collinear
with point A and the center C of the cutout. That angle .theta. is
selected greater than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees,
preferably greater than 20 degrees and less than 80 degrees and
most preferably between 45 and 75 degrees. Alternatively, a lead-in
arc (instead of the afore-described lead in line) may be utilized
such that an end of the arc line is tangent to the periphery P at
point E.
[0073] As the cutting tool advances around the predetermined
periphery P, it will reach a point B on the periphery, which is
proximal to point A, so depicted in FIG. 5D2. The periphery region
defined by an arc B-E remains uncut and has a first linear length
dimension D.sup.1. A second linear length dimension D2 is defined
by line B-A1 such that D2 is less than D1.
[0074] That D1 is longer than D2 prompts the cutaway portion of the
workpiece to fracture F along line B-A1 instead of B-E. This
fracturing may occur prior to or during final cut stages where the
bit 20 advances from point B to point E along the periphery, as
depicted in FIG. 5D3.
[0075] The process then moves to the polishing steps 114 (FIG. 6).
In one embodiment, the process uses two polishing steps, once the
opening 86 is cut. First, the cutting tool is replaced with a
polishing tool. In one embodiment, the system instructs the
operator as to which polishing tool should be used, depending on
the type of material used in the countertop and the feedback
received by the system from the cutting process. For example if the
feedback reveals that any binding of the cutting bit occurred,
resulting in rough spots along the cut, the system may prompt the
human user to swap out a course polishing bit for the first
polishing step. The cutting assembly with the polishing tool then
repositions and starts the process.
[0076] Alternatively, the system used may be non-feedback. In
implementing the polishing capacity, the two steps will be
arbitrarily determined to use polishing tools of certain fineness.
It may be necessary to reselect one or two polishing codes for the
steps before starting polishing. Profiling tools can also be used,
in a similar way as polishing tools, to create different edge
profiles of the sink opening, possibly necessary by using separate
profiling code.
[0077] As discussed supra, a fourth dimension of control may be
added. In this dimension, the cutting assembly may tilt at an angle
to achieve a desired beveled edge. This tilting function may be
affected by hydraulic lifts 166, as depicted in FIG. 9. The lifts
166 may be positioned proximal to the distal ends of the vertical
substrates 13, or else nested within the cavities defined by those
distal ends in instances where the vertical substrates are hollow.
Alternatively, the x-axis, y-axis, and/or z-axis motors may be
modified to allow tilting along their respective lines of travel,
as discussed supra.
[0078] Once at least one pass of the polishing tool is completed,
the system moves to the second polishing step. The end user is
prompted to replace the first polishing tool with a second
polishing tool, in one embodiment. The cutting assembly then
performs the second type of polishing on the cut surface of the
workpiece 14.
[0079] The details of the process of use is shown in the flowchart
of FIG. 6.
[0080] The cutting process 100 begins by placing supports 102 on
the frame. In one embodiment the supports comprise several
two-by-fours 32 (FIG. 5c, 8) or other dimensional lumber of
sacrificial wood. These may be reused between countertops. The
supports are placed at appropriate intervals to prevent the
countertop from sagging while it is placed on the device.
[0081] Next, the countertop is loaded 104 on the device. As the
device is an open workbench, the countertop can be inserted in any
direction, from being slid into place, to being pivoted, or other
direction, as necessitated by the available space at the particular
location. As part of the loading step, the end user must ensure
that the front edge of the countertop is parallel to the front of
the workbench and that the desired sink opening is within reach of
the cutting assembly's freedom of motion (as dictated by the guide
rails). Alternatively, stops 160 (FIG. 9) may be provided so that
the human operator need not worry about aligning the workpiece
relative to the cutting bit 20 or the entire device. Rather, these
preset stops aid in aligning the workpiece with the workbench.
[0082] FIG. 9 further features a plurality of work piece support
structures 162 which extend from the front to the back of the
device and are depicted as running the width of the device. Those
structures 162 may in turn be supported by longitudinally extending
substrates 164 positioned at either end of the support
structures.
[0083] It should be appreciated that while the loading of the
workpiece is shown along a horizontal plane, the workpiece may be
loaded vertically and resting on one of its edges, such that the
system is rotated 90 degrees. Appropriate workpiece supports would
be utilized in those instances where the workpiece is supported on
one of its edges.
[0084] Alternatively, hydraulic units 166 may be implemented at
various vertical supports 13 of the system.
[0085] Next, the end user adds masking tape 105 to the top of the
countertop along with the start target. The target comprises one
line that is parallel to the front edge of the countertop and is
the distance from the sink opening to the front edge. The second
part of the target is a second line that perpendicularly intersects
the first line which will be the point at which the center of the
leading edge of the sink will be cut.
[0086] Thereafter, the user powers on the machine 106 and aligns
the cutting assembly to the target drawn on the tape. In one
embodiment the alignment is affected manually and perhaps even
simplified with the utilization of removably replaceable stops
along the periphery of the support surface of the workpiece. In
another embodiment, the cutting assembly includes a camera which
allows for automatic alignment. A myriad of positions are
envisioned, and limited only by the configuration of the workpiece
and the cutout shape. For example, when producing a cutout on a
countertop or vanity the bottom of the bit may be between 1/16'' to
1/8'' above the countertop surface, with the cross section of the
bit equally bisected by the perpendicular line and the parallel
line of the marking. Once the bit is aligned, the end user sets the
work piece coordinate origin by pressing a sequence of keys on the
control panel.
[0087] CNC code is provided corresponding to each sink model. The
operator selects a model from the controller console. The system
will then cut according to the code (and other parameters such as
the thickness of the countertop, the diameter and cutting length of
the cutting bit and the amount of offset from the cutting route
desired for larger or smaller opening than dictated by the standard
code). The end user selects the digital template 108 and other
settings from the control panel. One important feature is that
offset to the standard cutting route can be achieved by inputting a
number (positive or negative) from the controller console so that
the opening is cut larger or smaller than the standard route.
[0088] In one embodiment, the end user selects a cutting template
relevant to the brand and model of sink as well as designating the
thickness of countertop (e.g., 1/16'' increments) and mounting
style compensation (e.g., 1/16'' increments, default value 0 for
FLUSH, positive number for REVEAL, and negative number for
OVERHANG). In this embodiment, on the control unit the end user
selects a sink model by a description or model number and the
control unit reads sink opening template in G-code format. Finally
in one embodiment, the end user sets the cutting bit size (with
default being 0.866 inches in diameter and 1.5 inches in length").
In one embodiment, a number of the settings is automatic, depending
on the part number of the sink and cutting tool. In one embodiment,
the control unit calculates and generates G-code according to
cutting route (the DXF file), input data for the thickness of the
work piece and the mounting style, and other factors such as the
tool size and an optimal angle of spiral tool feed.
[0089] Optionally, after loading the template, the end user can
simulate 110 the cutting steps to ensure that the correct template
and settings have been chosen. In one embodiment, the end user
simulates the cutting by using a hand dial to simulate the cutting
route and verify if it is aligned with a paper template. In another
embodiment, the cutting assembly enters a special simulation mode
and will show how the drill bit intends to follow the path of
cutting on the countertop.
[0090] Thereafter, the end user begins the cutting steps 112. In
one embodiment, the cutting steps begin by first applying cooling
water to the workpiece surface, for example, actuating a valve to a
conduit charged with cooling water. The start button is pressed.
After the end user initiates the process, such as by pressing the
start button, the cutting tool spins at desired speed and in
required direction, the cutting tool moves to starting position
(x-, y- and z-coordinates). The cutting tool starts to cut along
the adjusted route as calculated by the control unit until the
complete route is cut and the cutting tool rests at a designated
point for easy loading and unloading of countertops. For example,
cutting may begin with a programmed angle of spiral tool feed. The
cutting continues (for multiple rounds) until the entire thickness
of the work piece being cut through and the cutting tool rests at
machine coordinate origin.
[0091] Following a cutting of the opening, the system proceeds to
polishing steps 114. To perform the polishing steps 114, the end
user changes the cutting bit into the first polishing tool and
inputs the tool size. In one embodiment, the controller suggests
the polishing tool to the end user. In one embodiment, the end user
then presses the PREP button and the control unit calculates and
generates G-code resulting in an adjusted polishing route. Once the
route is configured in memory of the controller, the end user
presses the START button and the control unit executes the G-code,
so that the polishing tool spins at desired speed and in the right
direction the polishing tool moves to starting position the
polishing tool starts to polish along the adjusted route for one or
more rounds as programmed. Once the polishing tool is done with
polishing, the polishing tool rests at machine coordinate origin.
The system then prompts the end user to change of tool to polishing
tool number two and input tool size. The polishing process is then
repeated for the secondary polishing tool.
[0092] Once cutting and polishing is complete, the end user will
shut off the cooling water valve, press the "Return" button to
return the cutting assembly to a docking position, and will turn
off the power before removing the countertop.
[0093] While the steps above are shown as consecutive for purposes
of clarity, several of these steps may occur in different order or
be accomplished concurrently. For example, the `add tape 105` step
can be done ahead of time and not only after the countertop has
been loaded unto the device.
[0094] While the steps above describe a system where the end user
replaces the polishing tools and the cutting tool manually, in one
embodiment the cutting assembly 18 includes multiple drill bits and
polishing tools which are changed automatically. In this
embodiment, the cutting and polishing steps of the process occur
automatically.
[0095] In an alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the controller
30 and the power unit 40 are located in an external enclosure 150,
which communicates with the device via a connection 152. A benefit
of this embodiment is that the external enclosure 150 can
communicate with multiple cutting workstations, decreasing costs
per unit, and also provides a single place to replace components,
in case of failure.
[0096] While not shown in the figures, in one embodiment, the water
supplied to the system during cutting and/or polishing runs through
waterproof channels through the cutting assembly 18 and cools the
bearings and other mechanical components within the cutting
assembly 18. The water then exits the channels via nozzles placed
in proximity to the cutting or polishing area of the cutting
assembly 18.
[0097] It is to be understood that the above description is
intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the
above-described embodiments (and/or aspects thereof) may be used in
combination with each other. In addition, many modifications may be
made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings
of the invention without departing from its scope. While the
dimensions and types of materials described herein are intended to
define the parameters of the invention, they are by no means
limiting, but are instead exemplary embodiments. Many other
embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon
reviewing the above description. The scope of the invention should,
therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims,
along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are
entitled. In the appended claims, the terms "including" and "in
which" are used as the plain-English equivalents of the terms
"comprising" and "wherein." Moreover, in the following claims, the
terms "first," "second," and "third," are used merely as labels,
and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their
objects. Further, the limitations of the following claims are not
written in means-plus-function format and are not intended to be
interpreted based on 35 U.S.C. .sctn. 112, sixth paragraph, unless
and until such claim limitations expressly use the phrase "means
for" followed by a statement of function void of further
structure.
* * * * *