U.S. patent application number 16/017007 was filed with the patent office on 2020-04-16 for nail composition with capped oligomers.
The applicant listed for this patent is Revlon Consumer PRoducts Corporation. Invention is credited to Robert Sandewicz, David Valia.
Application Number | 20200113810 16/017007 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 68981240 |
Filed Date | 2020-04-16 |
![](/patent/app/20200113810/US20200113810A9-20200416-D00001.png)
United States Patent
Application |
20200113810 |
Kind Code |
A9 |
Valia; David ; et
al. |
April 16, 2020 |
Nail Composition with Capped Oligomers
Abstract
The present disclosure relates generally to a composition
comprising at least one capped oligomer, at least one solvent, at
least one film former, and at least one monomer or polymer, said
composition having a sward hardness <10 and >1 when applied
to a glass plate.
Inventors: |
Valia; David; (San Diego,
CA) ; Sandewicz; Robert; (Monroe Township,
NJ) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Revlon Consumer PRoducts Corporation |
New York |
NY |
US |
|
|
Prior
Publication: |
|
Document Identifier |
Publication Date |
|
US 20190388332 A1 |
December 26, 2019 |
|
|
Family ID: |
68981240 |
Appl. No.: |
16/017007 |
Filed: |
June 25, 2018 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
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PCT/US17/12811 |
Jan 10, 2017 |
|
|
|
16017007 |
|
|
|
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62278655 |
Jan 14, 2016 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61K 2800/94 20130101;
A61K 2800/95 20130101; A61Q 3/02 20130101; A61K 8/87 20130101; A61K
8/86 20130101; A61K 2800/81 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61K 8/87 20060101
A61K008/87; A61Q 3/02 20060101 A61Q003/02; A61K 8/86 20060101
A61K008/86 |
Claims
1. A composition comprising at least one capped oligomer, at least
one solvent, at least one film former, and said composition having
a 2 hour sward hardness <10 and >1 when applied to a glass
plate.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is applied
to natural or synthetic nails.
3. The composition of claim 1, wherein the capped oligomer is a
urethane oligomer.
4. The composition of claim 3, wherein the capped oligomer is
Bis-Ethylhexanol Poly (1,4-Butanediol)-13/IPDI Copolymer.
5. The composition of claim 3, wherein the capped oligomer is
Bis-Ethylhexanol Poly(Caprolactone Neopentyl Glycol)/IPDI
Copolymer.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein said composition further
comprises at least one photoinitiator.
7. The composition of claim 6, wherein said at least one
photoinitiator is selected from the group consisting of
benzoylphenylphosphinates, cyclohexylphenyl ketones, benzyl ketals,
and mixtures thereof.
8. The composition of claim 6, wherein said at least one
photoinitiator is selected from the group consisting of
2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphinate, hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl
ketone, benzyl dimethyl ketal, and mixtures thereof.
9. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polymer is an ester.
10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the said composition
further comprises at least one monomer or at least one
oligomer.
11. The composition of claim 1, wherein the solvent is selected
from the group consisting of ketones, alkyl acetates, alcohols,
alkanes, alkenes, and mixtures thereof.
12. The composition of claim 1, wherein said solvent is selected
from the group consisting of acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate,
isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, hexane,
and mixtures thereof.
13. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition further
comprises an adhesion-promoting (meth)acrylate.
14. The composition of claim 13, wherein said adhesion-promoting
(meth)acrylate is selected from the group consisting of
hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate
(HEMA), ethyl methacrylate, tetrahydrofurfural methacrylate,
pyromellitic dianhydride di(meth)acrylate, pyromellitic dianhydride
glyceryl dimethacrylate, pyromellitic dimethacrylate,
methacroyloxyethyl maleate, 2-hydroxyethyl meth acrylate/succinate,
1,3-glycerol dimethacrylate/succinate adduct, phthalic acid
monoethyl methacrylate, and mixtures thereof.
15. The composition of claim 1, further comprising at least one
plasticizer.
16. A composition comprising at least two layers of composition
having different functions on the nail wherein each layer has at
least one capped oligomer, at least one solvent, at least one film
former, and each composition has a 2 hour Sward hardness <10 and
>1 when applied to a glass plate.
17. The composition off claim 16, wherein the layers are a basecoat
layer and a color layer.
18. The composition of claim 16, wherein the layers are a color
layer and a topcoat layer.
19. The composition of claim 16, wherein the composition is applied
to natural or synthetic nails.
20. The composition of claim 16, wherein the capped oligomer is a
urethane oligomer.
21. The composition of claim 16, wherein said composition further
comprises at least one photoinitiator.
22. The composition of claim 1, wherein the said composition
further comprises at least one oligomer.
Description
FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to compositions for
nail coatings, and particularly, but not by way of limitation, to
compositions containing capped oligomers that provide improved
adhesion, durability/toughness, and scratch resistance, as well as
improved solvent removability.
[0002] This application claims priority from co-pending application
Serial Number PCT/US2017/012811 filed Jan. 10, 2017 claiming
priority to now expired provisional application U.S. 62/278,655
filed Jan. 14, 2016, the entire disclosures of which are hereby
incorporated by reference.
BACKGROUND
[0003] The information provided below is not admitted to be prior
art to the present invention, but is provided solely to assist the
understanding of the reader.
[0004] Photo-reactive nail coatings provide a durable scratch
resistant nail coating with improved adhesion. These photo-reactive
coatings contain one or more polymerizable oligomers plus a
photo-initiator which upon exposure to UV light of a specific
wavelength, cross-link to form the durable, continuous coating on
the surfaces of the nail.
[0005] The oligomers commonly used in the photo-reactive coatings
are urethane di-methacrylate oligomers containing unsaturated
sites. The unsaturated sites are capable of undergoing
cross-linking when exposed to a UV-light source in the presence of
a suitable photo-initiator. These oligomers can be described as
polymerizable or "uncapped" oligomers. Compositions containing
uncapped oligomers require careful formulation and stabilization to
prevent undesirable side reactions or pre-polymerization.
[0006] There is a need to develop a durable scratch resistant
coating without the undesirable side-reactivity or the need for a
UV-light induced cross-linking. The capped oligomers in this
disclosure offer a controlled mechanism for providing a durable
scratch resistant nail coating.
SUMMARY
[0007] In an embodiment of this disclosure comprises a composition
composed of at least one capped oligomer, at least one solvent, at
least one film former and said composition having a 2 hour sward
hardness <10 and >1 when applied to a glass plate.
[0008] In another embodiment of this disclosure the composition
comprises at least two layers of compositions having different
functions on the nail, each layer contains at least one capped
oligomer, at least one solvent, at least one film former and each
composition has a 2 hour sward hardness <10 and >1 when
applied to a glass plate. The layers can be a basecoat Layer and a
color layer or a color layer and a topcoat layer.
[0009] The compositions disclosed herein can be applied to natural
or synthetic nails. A nail is a horny sheath or synthetic sheath
protecting the upper end of each finger and toe of humans and most
other primates.
[0010] In an embodiment the capped oligomer disclosed herein is a
urethane oligomer. Non-limiting examples of capped urethane
oligomers are Bis-Ethylhexanol Poly (1,4-Butanediol)-13/IPDI
Copolymer and Bis-Ethylhexanol Poly(Caprolactone Neopentyl
Glycol)/IPDI Copolymer.
[0011] In an embodiment the composition disclosed herein can
include at least one photoinitiator. Examples of photoinitiators
include, but are not limited to, benzoylphenylphosphinates,
cyclohexylphenyl ketones, benzyl ketals,
2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphinate, hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl
ketone, benzyl dimethyl ketal, and mixtures thereof.
[0012] In an embodiment of the composition disclosed herein the
composition contains a polymer. An example of a polymer in the
composition is an ester.
[0013] In an embodiment of the composition disclosed herein the
composition contains a monomer. A monomer is a compound whose
molecules can join together to form a polymer. A non-limiting
example of a monomer in the composition is an oil.
[0014] In an embodiment of the composition disclosed herein the
composition contains a solvent which can include, but is not
limited to, a ketone, and alkyl acetate, an alcohol, an alkane, an
alkene, acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol,
ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, hexane, and mixtures
thereof.
[0015] In an embodiment the composition disclosed herein contains
an adhesion-promoting (meth)acrylate. Examples of
adhesion-promoting (meth)acrylate include, but are not limited to,
tetrahydrofurfural methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, pyromellitic
dianhydride glyceryl dimethacrylate, and mixtures thereof.
[0016] In an embodiment the composition disclosed herein may
contain at least one plasticizer.
[0017] In an embodiment the composition further contains at least
one coloring agent. Examples of coloring agents include, but are
not limited to, pigments and dyes which can be dispersed in the
solvent and stay suspended in the composition over time.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] The foregoing and other features and advantages of the
invention will be apparent from the following, more particular
description of embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the
accompanying drawings wherein:
[0019] FIG. 1 is a graph showing the hardness of the various
formulations (y axis) vs time in hours (h) and days (d) (X axis) of
a commercial production sample of clear nail enamel modified as
described in this disclosure. In the graph the following represent
the various prepared samples.
[0020] 1135-32.4: SYMBOL X
[0021] 1135-32.5: SYMBOL GREY;
[0022] 1135-32.6: SYMBOL BLACK;
[0023] 1135-32.7: SYMBOL 0;
[0024] 1135-32.8: SYMBOL.COPYRGT.; and
[0025] 1135-32.9: SYMBOL,triangle
DESCRIPTION
[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are discussed in detail
below. In describing embodiments, specific terminology is employed
for the sake of clarity. However, the invention is not intended to
be limited to the specific terminology so selected. While specific
exemplary embodiments are discussed, it should be understood that
this is done for illustration purposes only. A person skilled in
the relevant art will recognize that other components and
configurations can be used without parting from the spirit and
scope of the invention. While a number of embodiments and features
are described herein, it is to be understood that the various
features of the invention and aspects of embodiments, even if
described separately, may be combined unless mutually exclusive or
contrary to the specific description. All references cited herein
are incorporated by reference as if each had been individually
incorporated.
[0027] The present disclosure relates generally to a composition
composed of at least one capped oligomer, at least one solvent, at
least one film former, said composition having a 2 hour sward
hardness <10 and >1 when applied to a glass plate. The
composition can comprise a single thickness (layer) or at least two
layers of compositions having different functions on the nail, each
layer contains at least one capped oligomer, at least one solvent,
at least one film former, and each composition has a 2 hour sward
hardness <10 and >1 when applied to a glass plate. The layers
can be a basecoat layer and a color layer or a color layer and a
topcoat layer.
[0028] As used in the present disclosure the compositions may be
applied to a natural nail or a synthetic nail. The natural nail is
the natural keratinous material known as fingernails and toenails.
Synthetic nails are comprised of chemically reactive monomers,
and/or oligomers, in combination with reactive or non-reactive
polymers to create systems which are typically 100% solids and do
not require non-reactive solvents. Upon pre-mixing and subsequent
application to the natural nail, or application and exposure to UV
radiation, a chemical reaction ensues resulting in the formation of
a long lasting, highly durable cross-linked nail coating that is
difficult to remove. Artificial nails may possess greatly enhanced
adhesion, durability, as well as scratch and solvent resistance
when compared to nail polishes. However, because of these inherent
properties, such coatings are much harder to remove, should the
consumer so desire. Removal typically requires soaking in
non-reactive solvents for 30-90 minutes (for acrylics and currently
available "soakable gels"; it may take more than 90 minutes if ever
to remove traditional UV nail gels by solvent) and typically may
also require heavily abrading the surface or scraping with a wooden
or metal probe to assist the removal process.
[0029] As used herein a solvent is a substance that dissolves
another substance.
[0030] Nail coatings have traditionally been be classified into two
categories: nail polishes; also known as lacquers, varnish or
enamels and artificial nails; also known as gels or acrylics. Nail
polishes typically comprise various solid components which are
dissolved and/or suspended in non-reactive solvents. Upon
application and drying, the solids deposit on the nail surface as a
clear, translucent or colored film. Typically, nail polishes are
easily scratched and are easily removed with solvent, usually
within one minute and if not removed as described, will chip or
peel from the natural nail in one to five days.
[0031] As used herein hardness refers to a flexible composition for
coating nails. If the coating is too hard the composition is not
flexible and will crack with wear. If the coating is too soft, the
composition will easily be wiped or washed off with wear. The
desired composition is neither too hard nor too soft.
[0032] "Sward hardness" is a test that provides a numerical value
for hardness for a dried coating. This test uses a measurement
device called a "Sward Hardness Rocker", which consists of 2
cylindrical stainless steel rings and a digital measurement
apparatus. This instrument operates on the principle that the
amplitude of oscillation of the cylindrical rocker decreases more
rapidly as the coating surface on which the test is performed
becomes softer. A softer coating tends to reduce the number of
oscillations of the rocker, while a harder coating film tends to
increase the number of oscillations of the rocker. The digital
measurement apparatus counts the number of oscillations completed
by the instrument and conveys this information to the operator by
means of a digital numerical display screen. A lower numerical
Sward Hardness value signifies a softer coating, while a higher
numerical Sward Hardness value signifies a harder coating. This
method is well known in the coatings industry; it is described more
formally in ASTM Test Method D2134.
[0033] As used herein the capped oligomer is a urethane oligomer
labeled (1) below:
R.sub.1--N.dbd.C.dbd.O.sub.(ISOCYANATE)+R.sub.2--OH.sub.(HYDROXY-FUNCTIO-
NAL COMPOUND).fwdarw.R.sub.1NHC.dbd.OOR.sub.2 (1)
[0034] Non-limiting examples of capped oligomers include
Bis-Ethylhexanol Poly (1,4-Butanediol)-13/IPDI copolymer and
Bis-Ethylhexanol Poly (Caprolactone Neopentyl 13/IPDI
copolymer.
[0035] As used herein a capped oligomer is an oligomer combined
with one or more compounds to stop further reaction at a reaction
site on the oligomer when the oligomer is combined with other
compounds.
[0036] Certain embodiments of the composition comprise at least one
polymer which conveys enhanced adhesiveness and which confers
solvent sensitivity to the composition. The presence of certain
polymers creating interfacial bonds, renders the bonds susceptible
to rupture by organic solvents.
[0037] According to an aspect, a polymer which conveys both
enhanced adhesion and which sensitizes the polymer interfacial bond
to solvent may be an ester. Non-limiting examples include a
cellulose ester. According to a particular aspect, the
non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer is nitrocellulose and/or
optionally a cellulose mixed ester such as a cellulose acetate
alkylate. According to a more particular aspect, the non-reactive,
solvent-dissolvable polymer is a nitrocellulose and/or cellulose
acetate butyrate and/or a cellulose acetate propionate. The
non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer may be a mixture of any
acceptable polymer. According to a further aspect, the
non-reactive, solvent-dissolvable polymer may be present at from
about 0 to about 75 weight %.
[0038] As used herein a polymer is a chemical compound that is made
of small molecules that are arranged in a simple repeating
structure to form a larger molecule.
[0039] Certain embodiments of the composition comprise at least one
monomer which imparts to the interfacial bonds a high degree of
sensitivity to organic solvent. According to an aspect, the monomer
is an oil. Non-limiting examples include acetyl tributyl citrate,
triacetin, propylene glycol monobenzoate, dipropylene glycol
dibenzoate, glyceryl triacetate, diethylhexyl malate and similar
compounds. According to an aspect, such monomers are present at
from about 0 to about 70 weight % of the composition.
[0040] As used herein, the expression "at least one" means one or
more and thus includes individual components as well as mixtures
and combinations.
[0041] The cosmetic compositions and methods of the present
disclosure consist of, or consist essentially of the elements and
limitations described herein, as well as any additional or optional
ingredients, components, or limitations otherwise useful as found
in personal care compositions intended for application to nail
coatings. A person skilled in the art will take care to select the
optional additional additives and/or the amount thereof such that
the advantageous properties of the composition according to the
invention are not, or are not substantially, adversely affected by
the envisaged addition. These substances may be selected variously
by the person skilled in the art in order to prepare a composition
which has the desired properties, for example, consistency or
texture. These additives may be present in the composition in a
proportion from 0% to 99% (such as from 0.01% to 90%) relative to
the total weight of the composition and further such as from 0.1%
to 50% (if present).
[0042] According to the present disclosure, the compositions may
comprise a color layer. The color layer contains at least one
coloring agent (colorant). Suitable coloring agents include but are
not limited to pigments, dyes, such as liposoluble dyes, nacreous
pigments, and pearling agents.
[0043] According to the present disclosure, the compositions may
comprise a basecoat or topcoat layer. In the basecoat or topcoat
layer the composition is a clear or transparent prior to (basecoat)
or after (topcoat) application of the color layer. However, it is
possible that topcoats and basecoats could contain colorants.
[0044] A basecoat can be described as a layer intermediate between
the natural or synthetic nail and coating surfaces. The disclosed
basecoat is a polymerizable liquid so as to provide a completely
conformal coating over the nail surface.
[0045] A topcoat can be described as a protective topcoat layer to
be applied to an exposed surface of the color layer.
[0046] According to the present disclosure layers of composition
describe the application of nail coatings. A composition is painted
on the nail to provide a cosmetic coloring or a healing or
strengthening of the nail. Application is done by painting a
composition on the nail. According to an aspect, the nail coating
composition is applied, and at least partially dried as three,
distinct layers. According to an aspect, application of any one of
the Layers may be omitted. According to an aspect, application of
any two of the layers may be omitted. According to an aspect, only
a formulation for a color layer comprises colorant agents.
According to an aspect, a formulation for any of the layers may
comprise colorant.
[0047] Representative liposoluble dyes which may be used according
to the present invention include Sudan Red, DC Red 17, DC Green 6,
.beta.-carotene, soybean oil, Sudan Brown, DC Yellow 11, DC Violet
2, DC Orange 5, annatto, and quinoline yellow. The liposoluble
dyes, when present, generally have a concentration ranging up to
20% by weight of the total weight of the composition, such as from
0.0001% to 6%.
[0048] The nacreous pigments which may be used according to the
present invention may be chosen from white nacreous pigments such
as mica coated with titanium or with bismuth oxychloride, colored
nacreous pigments such as titanium mica with iron oxides, titanium
mica with ferric blue or chromium oxide, titanium mica with an
organic pigment chosen from those mentioned above, and nacreous
pigments based on bismuth oxychloride. The nacreous pigments, if
present, are present in the composition in a concentration ranging
up to 50% by weight of the total weight of the composition, such as
from 0.1% to 20%, preferably from 0.1% to 15%.
[0049] The pigments, which may be used according to the present
invention, may be chosen from white, colored, inorganic, organic,
polymeric, nonpolymeric, coated and uncoated pigments.
Representative examples of mineral pigments include titanium
dioxide, optionally surface-treated, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide,
cerium oxide, iron oxides, chromium oxides, manganese violet,
ultramarine blue, chromium hydrate, and ferric blue. Representative
examples of organic pigments include carbon black, pigments of D
& C type, and lakes based on cochineal carmine, barium,
strontium, calcium, and aluminum.
[0050] If present, the pigments may be present in the composition
in a concentration ranging up to 50% by weight of the total weight
of the composition, such as from 0.01% to 40%, and further such as
from 2% to 30%. In the case of certain products, the pigments,
including nacreous pigments, may, for example, represent up to 50%
by weight of the composition.
[0051] An embodiment of the composition comprises an adhesion
promoting (meth)acrylate. As is known to persons of skill in the
polymer arts, the term (meth)acrylate encompasses acrylates and/or
methacrylates. According to an aspect, such reactive methacrylates
may be selected from the group consisting of hydroxypropyl
methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), ethyl
methacrylate, tetrahydrofurfural methacrylate, pyromellitic
dianhydride di(meth)acrylate, pyromellitic dianhydride glyceryl
dimethacrylate, pyromellitic dimethacrylate, methacroyloxyethyl
maleate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate/succinate, 1,3-glycerol
dimethacrylate/succinate adduct, phthalic acid monoethyl
methacrylate, and mixtures thereof. According to an aspect, the
polymerized composition increased adhesiveness is present from
about 0 to about 50 weight %.
[0052] A non-limiting suitable photoinitiator is hydroxycyclohexyl
phenyl ketone, which may be obtained under the trade name lgracure,
184 and which may be present from about 0 to about 20 weight % of
the composition.
[0053] Other non-limiting suitable photoinitiators are
benzoylphenylphosphinates, cyclohexylphenyl ketones, benzyl ketals,
2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphinate, hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl
ketone, benzyl dimethyl ketal and mixtures thereof and which may be
present from about 0 to about 20 weight % of the composition.
[0054] The compositions of the invention may contain from about
0.001-5% by weight of a plasticizer. The plasticizer causes the
polymerized nail structure to have improved flexibility and reduced
brittleness. Plasticizers act to minimize the effects of
brittleness of the subsequently formed polymer after exposure to UV
radiation, sun light, or air. Plasticizers also are found to
slightly shorten the removal time. Plasticizers may be present at
from 0 to about 25 weight % of the composition. Persons of skill in
the polymer arts will appreciate that inclusion of plasticizers
above a certain limit is undesirable because they may impair the
integrity and durability of the coatings. Suitable plasticizers may
be esters, low volatility solvents, or non-ionic materials such as
nonionic organic surfactants or silicones.
[0055] In certain embodiments, the removable, adhesion-promoting
nail coating composition further comprises to 5 weight % of a
plasticizer selected from the group consisting of esters, low
volatility solvents (paraffinic hydrocarbons, butyrolactone,
xylene, methyl isobutyl ketone), non-ionic surfactants, non-ionic
silicones, isostearyl isononanoate, silicones, diisobutyl adipate,
trimethyl pentanyl diisobutyrate, acetyl tributyl citrate, and
mixtures thereof.
[0056] Suitable esters include those having the general structure
RCO--OR' where RCO-- represents a carboxylic acid radical and where
--OR' is an alcohol residue. Preferably R and R' are fatty
radicals, having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, and may be saturated or
unsaturated. Examples of suitable esters are those set forth on
pages 1558 to 1564 of the C.T.F.A. Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary
and Handbook, Seventh Edition, 1997, which is hereby incorporated
by reference. In the preferred compositions of the invention, the
plasticizer is an ester of the formula RCO--OR' wherein R and R'
are each independently a straight or branched chain C.sub.6-30
alkyl. A suitable plasticizer is isostearyl isononanoate. Other
suitable plasticizers are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,818,207
which is incorporated by reference.
[0057] The composition of the present disclosure may comprises at
least one solvent. A suitable solvent is readily volatile at room
temperature and is a good solvent for the remaining ingredients.
Upon application, the solvent readily volatilizes leaving regions
of increased porosity throughout the nail coating. These porous
regions later facilitate the entry of a remover solvent which may
be acetone.
[0058] Example of suitable solvents includes, but is not limited
to, ketones, alkyl acetates, alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, and
mixtures thereof. Suitable solvents may be selected from the group
consisting of acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropyl
alcohol, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, hexane, and
mixtures thereof. Typically a solvent or a mixture of solvents is
included at up to about 70 weight percent.
[0059] In the composition of the present disclosure the term "film
former" means a material which, upon drying, produces a continuous
film on keratinous substrates such as skin, hair, or nails. The
term "film forming polymer" means that the film former is in the
polymeric form. A variety of polymers have film forming properties:
they can be natural polymers, synthetic polymers, or polymers that
have both natural and synthetic portions. When forming a film on
nails, it is important that the film have certain properties in
order to provide a commercially acceptable product. For example, if
the film formed is too brittle, it may crack, or chip from the
keratinous surface. On the other hand, if the film is not hard
enough, it may be tacky to the touch and the consumer will have the
feeling that the product has not dried on the skin. A wide variety
of film forming polymers may be used in the cosmetic or personal
care products of the invention. The film forming polymer must be
capable of forming a film on the skin, nails, or hair. The film
forming polymers may be natural or synthetic, or a combination of
both, and may be in the form of solids, semi-solids, or liquids.
The film forming polymer may be neutral or ionic in character, e.g.
anionic, cationic, nonionic, or amphoteric.
[0060] Suitable synthetic polymers include homopolymers,
copolymers, and block and graft copolymers comprised of repeating
monomers such as acrylic or methacrylic acid or esters thereof,
urethanes, esters, amides, styrene, vinyl, silicon, and so on. The
synthetic polymers may be present in the composition in ranges from
0.1-95%, preferably 1-85%, more preferably 3-45% by weight of the
total composition.
[0061] Examples of synthetic film forming polymers include, but are
not limited to, those set forth in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient
Dictionary and Handbook, Eighth Edition, 2000, pages 1744 through
1747, which are hereby incorporated by reference, including those
which are summarized herein.
EXAMPLE
[0062] Table 1 compares combinations of uncapped and capped
oligomers with and without photo-initiators. Each experimental
sample was evaluated as follows:
[0063] A 6-mil test film of each sample was deposited onto a
4''.times.4'' glass plate pre-cleaned with acetone;
[0064] Each test film was irradiated (cured) for 2 minutes in a
commercially available UV Lamp.
[0065] The cured test film was wiped lightly 2 hours post-cure
using a facial tissue saturated with isopropyl alcohol; and
[0066] A Sward Digital Hardness Rocker (Model GS-1, Paul N. Gardner
Co., Inc., N.E. 1.sup.st Street, Pompano Beach FL 33060) was used
to measure hardness of the cured films at 2 hrs., 24 hours, and
once daily for 7 days post-curing. Sward hardness is measured by
placing the Sward Hardness Rocker onto the dried test film,
energizing the digital measurement apparatus, gently rotating the
rocker by hand about 25-30 degrees from vertical, then gently
releasing the rocker until its motion has stopped completely; the
Sward Hardness value for the sample is obtained by reading the
numerical value shown on the digital readout and multiplying said
value by 2.0.
[0067] Test samples were prepared in the following manner. Glass
tiles, approximately 4''.times.4'' x 0.25'', were cleaned with
acetone and used as a testing substrate for each test formulation
using a Bird Film Applicator (3.5'' path width, 0.006'' wet film
thickness; Paul N. Gardner Co., Inc., N.E. 1st Street, Pompano
Beach FL 33060) a test film was deposited onto the glass tile.
Sample films were then cured for 2 minutes using an ultraviolet
nail lamp (Model D8200, Creative Nail Design, 1125 Joshua Way,
Vista Calif. 92081). Immediately post-cure, as a precaution, all
test films were wiped lightly with a facial tissue saturated with
isopropyl alcohol, to remove any oxygen inhibition layer that may
form during the UV curing process. Test films were stored at
ambient temperature and their Sward hardness-versus-time profiles
were measured after 2 hours and once daily for seven (7)
consecutive days. Test results are presented in the following data
tables:
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 CAPPED vs. UNCAPPED OLIGOMER STUDY: FILM
HARDNESS vs. TIME 1135- 1135- 1135- 1135- 1135- 1135- Time: 32.4
32.5 32.6 32.7 32.8 32.9 2 hrs. 4 1 1 4 2 2 24 hrs. 10 4 6 8 8 8 2
day 12 6 8 8 10 8 3 day 12 6 8 8 10 8 4 day 12 6 10 10 12 8 5 day
12 6 8 10 10 10 6 day 14 8 10 12 12 10 7 day 14 6 10 10 12 10
[0068] 1135-32.4: No oligomers or photo-initiator; [0069]
1135-32.5:2 capped urethane oligomers (1.5% each UR-CND-1S and
UR-CND-3S)+photo-initiator (1.5% Irgacure 819) (BASF Corporation,
100 Park Avenue Florham Park, N.J. 07932) [0070] 1135-32.6: 2
uncapped UDMA oligomers (1.5% each UR-CND-1B and
UR-CND-3B)+photo-initiator (1.5% Irgacure 819); [0071] 1135-32.7:2
capped urethane oligomers (1.5% each UR-CND-1S and UR-CND-3S); no
photo-initiator; [0072] 1135-32.8: 2 uncapped UDMA oligomers (1.5%
each UR-CND-1B and UR-CND-3B); no photo-initiator; and [0073]
1135-32.9: Photo-initiator only (1.5% lrgacure 819); no
oligomers.
[0074] Addition of either uncapped or capped oligomers clearly
produced a reduction in film hardness as compared to control, when
used either with or without photo-initiator.
[0075] The combination of capped oligomers plus photo-initiator
produced the most significant reduction in film hardness as
compared to control. Capped oligomers demonstrate the ability to
soften nail lacquer films while avoiding potential long-term
stability problems that likely would be encountered when using
either uncapped oligomers and/or photo-initiator. The addition of
either uncapped or capped oligomers clearly produced a reduction in
film hardness as compared to control, when used either with or
without photo-initiator.
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