U.S. patent application number 16/468694 was filed with the patent office on 2020-03-12 for coating installation and corresponding coating method.
The applicant listed for this patent is Durr Systems AG. Invention is credited to Timo Beyl, Moritz Bubek, Hans-Georg Fritz, Frank Herre, Marcus Kleiner, Steffen Sotzny, Benjamin Wohr.
Application Number | 20200078814 16/468694 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 60515409 |
Filed Date | 2020-03-12 |
![](/patent/app/20200078814/US20200078814A1-20200312-D00000.png)
![](/patent/app/20200078814/US20200078814A1-20200312-D00001.png)
![](/patent/app/20200078814/US20200078814A1-20200312-D00002.png)
![](/patent/app/20200078814/US20200078814A1-20200312-D00003.png)
![](/patent/app/20200078814/US20200078814A1-20200312-D00004.png)
![](/patent/app/20200078814/US20200078814A1-20200312-D00005.png)
![](/patent/app/20200078814/US20200078814A1-20200312-D00006.png)
![](/patent/app/20200078814/US20200078814A1-20200312-D00007.png)
![](/patent/app/20200078814/US20200078814A1-20200312-D00008.png)
![](/patent/app/20200078814/US20200078814A1-20200312-D00009.png)
![](/patent/app/20200078814/US20200078814A1-20200312-D00010.png)
View All Diagrams
United States Patent
Application |
20200078814 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Fritz; Hans-Georg ; et
al. |
March 12, 2020 |
COATING INSTALLATION AND CORRESPONDING COATING METHOD
Abstract
The disclosure relates to a painting installation for painting
components with a paint, in particular for painting motor vehicle
body components, with a paint booth and an application device, in
particular a print head, arranged in the paint booth, for applying
the paint to the component located inside the paint booth, the
application device operating essentially without overspray, so that
the paint applied by the application device essentially completely
on the component to be coated without overspray deposits. The
disclosure provides that no paint separation is arranged below the
first paint booth.
Inventors: |
Fritz; Hans-Georg;
(Ostfildern, DE) ; Wohr; Benjamin; (Eibensbach,
DE) ; Kleiner; Marcus; (Besigheim, DE) ;
Bubek; Moritz; (Ludwigsburg, DE) ; Beyl; Timo;
(Besigheim, DE) ; Herre; Frank; (Oberriexingen,
DE) ; Sotzny; Steffen; (Oberstenfeld, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Durr Systems AG |
Bietigheim-Bissingen |
|
DE |
|
|
Family ID: |
60515409 |
Appl. No.: |
16/468694 |
Filed: |
December 1, 2017 |
PCT Filed: |
December 1, 2017 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP2017/081105 |
371 Date: |
June 12, 2019 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B05B 16/00 20180201;
B05B 1/14 20130101; B05D 1/26 20130101; B05D 1/36 20130101; B05B
13/0452 20130101; B05D 1/02 20130101; B05B 13/0431 20130101; B05D
7/14 20130101; B05D 7/577 20130101 |
International
Class: |
B05B 13/04 20060101
B05B013/04; B05D 7/14 20060101 B05D007/14 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Dec 14, 2016 |
DE |
10 2016 014 953.1 |
Claims
1.-18. (canceled)
19. Painting installation for painting components with a paint,
with a) at least one first paint booth, b) an application device
arranged in the first paint booth for applying the paint to the
component located inside the paint booth, the application device
operating essentially without overspray, so that the paint applied
by the application device deposits essentially completely on the
component to be coated without overspray, c) wherein no paint
separation is arranged below the first paint booth.
20. Painting installation according to claim 19, wherein a) the
painting installation additionally has at least one second paint
booth with at least one overspray-generating atomizer as
application device, b) the first paint booth with the
overspray-free application device is preferably designed for
coating outer surfaces of the components to be coated, c) the
second paint booth with the overspray-generating atomizer is
designed for coating inner surfaces of the components to be
coated.
21. Painting installation according to claim 20, wherein the first
paint booth is arranged laterally next to the second paint
booth.
22. Painting installation according to claim 19, wherein a) the
painting installation has a floor foundation at floor level, the
paint booth without the paint separation being arranged essentially
at the floor level, and b) the first paint booth is arranged
directly on the floor foundation, without a floor construction
which raises the paint booth above the floor height, and c) the
painting installation has a conveyor which conveys the components
to be painted along a conveying path through the first paint booth,
the conveyor being arranged at floor level, and d) the conveyor
extends at floor level over the entire length of the painting
installation.
23. Painting installation according to claim 19, further comprising
a) a floor structure with a lower mounting level and an upper
mounting level, b) a painting line running on the upper mounting
level of the floor structure, c) a discharge for discharging the
components to be painted from the raised painting line at the upper
mounting level into the first paint booth at the floor level, and
d) an infeed for infeeding the components to be painted from the
first paint booth at the floor level into the raised painting line
on the upper mounting level.
24. Painting installation according to claim 19, wherein a) the
painting installation has a painting line with a plurality of
successive painting stations, b) the components to be painted are
conveyed by a conveyor along the painting line through the painting
stations and are coated in the painting stations.
25. Painting installation according to claim 24, wherein a) the
first paint booth without a paint separation is arranged outside
the painting line, b) the components to be painted are discharged
from the painting line by discharge means into the first paint
booth without the paint separation means, and c) the components to
be painted are introduced from the first paint booth without a
paint separation into the painting line.
26. Painting installation according to claim 24, wherein the first
paint booth without a paint separation is arranged in the painting
line.
27. Painting installation according to claim 19, wherein a)
external surfaces of the components to be painted are painted with
the overspray-free application device, b) inner surfaces of the
components to be painted are painted with an atomizer which applies
a spray mist of the paint, and c) wraps around component edges of
the components to be painted are painted with an atomizer which
applies a spray mist of the paint.
28. Painting installation according to claim 27, wherein a) inner
surfaces of the components to be painted are painted in an interior
paint booth, b) outer surfaces of the components to be painted are
painted in an exterior paint booth, and c) the wraps around the
component edges of the components to be painted are painted in the
interior paint booth or in the exterior paint booth.
29. Painting installation according to claim 19, wherein a) the
painting line has a specific first cycle time with which the
components to be painted are coated, and b) the first paint booth
without the separation has a specific second cycle time with which
the components to be painted are coated, and
30. Painting installation according to claim 29, wherein the second
cycle time is at least 10% greater than the first cycle time.
31. Painting installation according to claim 29, wherein the second
cycle time is equal to the first cycle time.
32. Painting installation according to claim 19, wherein a) in the
first paint booth without the paint separation only rare special
paintwork is painted, whereas frequent standard paintwork is
painted in the painting line, and b) at least one of primer,
adhesion promoter and seam sealings is applied in the first paint
booth without the paint separation.
33. Painting installation according to claim 19, further comprising
the following stations which are arranged one behind the other
along a painting line so that the components to be painted are
conveyed successively through the stations: a) a first filler
station for the application of a filler layer in the interior of
the component and at the wrap-around around component edges,
wherein the application in the first filler station is effected by
means of an atomizer which delivers a spray jet of the filler, b) a
second filler station for applying a filler layer to the outer
surface of the component, the application in the second filler
station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator, c)
a first drying station for drying the filler layer on the
component, d) a first base coat station for applying a first base
coat layer to the inner surface of the component to be painted and
at the wrap-around around component edges, the application in the
first base coat station being effected by means of an atomizer
which emits a spray jet, e) a second base coat station for applying
the first base coat layer to the outer surface of the component to
be coated, the application in the second base coat station being
effected by means of an overspray-free applicator, f) a third base
coat station for applying a second base coat layer to the outer
surface of the component to be coated, the application in the third
base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free
applicator or by means of an atomizer, g) a second drying station
for intermediate drying of the first base coat layer and the second
base coat layer, h) a first clear coat station for applying a clear
coat layer in the interior of the component and at the wrap-around
around component edges, the application in the first clear coat
station being effected by means of an atomizer which delivers a
spray jet of the clear coat, i) a second clear coat station for
applying a clear coat layer to the outer surface of the component
to be coated, the application in the second clear coat station
being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator, and j) a
third drying station for drying the clear coat.
34. Painting installation according to claim 19, further comprising
the following stations which are arranged one behind the other
along a painting line so that the components to be painted are
conveyed successively through the stations: a) optionally a
pre-coat station for applying a pre-coat layer to the component,
the application in the second base coat station being effected by
means of an overspray-free applicator, b) a first drying station
for drying or evaporating the component, c) a first base coat
station for applying a first base coat layer to the inner surface
of the component to be coated and at the wrap-around around
component edges, the application in the first base coat station
being effected by means of an atomizer which emits a spray jet, d)
a second base coat station for applying the first base coat layer
to the outer surface of the component to be coated, the application
in the second base coat station being effected by means of an
overspray-free applicator, e) a third base coat station for
applying a second base coat layer to the outer surface of the
component to be coated, the application in the third base coat
station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator or
by means of an atomizer, f) a second drying station for
intermediate drying of the first base coat layer and the second
base coat layer, g) a first clear coat station for applying a clear
coat layer in the interior of the component and at the wrap-around
around component edges, the application in the first clear coat
station being effected by means of an atomizer which delivers a
spray jet of the clear coat, h) a second clear coat station for
applying a clear coat layer to the outer surface of the component
to be coated, the application in the second clear coat station
taking place by means of an overspray-free applicator, and i) a
third drying station for drying the clear coat.
35. Painting installation according to claim 19, further comprising
the following stations which are arranged one behind the other
along a painting line so that the components to be painted are
conveyed successively through the stations: a) a first filler
station for the application of a filler layer in the interior of
the component and at the wrap-around around component edges,
wherein the application in the first filler station is effected by
means of an atomizer which delivers a spray jet of the filler, b) a
second filler station for applying a filler layer to the outer
surface of the component, the application in the second filler
station being effected by means of an overspray-free applicator, c)
a first base coat station for applying a first base coat layer to
the inner surface of the component to be coated and at the
wrap-around around component edges, the application in the first
base coat station being effected by means of an atomizer which
emits a spray jet, d) a second base coat station for applying the
first base coat layer to the outer surface of the component to be
coated, the application in the second base coat station being
effected by means of an overspray-free applicator, e) a third base
coat station for applying a second base coat layer to the outer
surface of the component to be coated, the application in the third
base coat station being effected by means of an overspray-free
applicator or by means of an atomizer, f) optionally a first drying
station for intermediate drying of the first base coat layer and
the second base coat layer, g) a first clear coat station for
applying a clear coat layer in the interior of the component and at
the wrap-around around component edges, the application in the
first clear coat station being effected by means of an atomizer
which delivers a spray jet of the clear coat, h) a second clear
coatstation for applying a clear coat layer to the outer surface of
the component to be coated, the application in the second clear
coatstation being effected by means of an overspray-free
applicator, and i) a second drying station for drying the clear
coat layer.
36. Painting installation according to claim 19, further comprising
a primerless painting process without a primer with the following
process steps in the following order: a) Application of a first
base coat layer instead of the filler, b) Optional application of a
second base coat layer as top coat and optional metallic effect, c)
Optional application of a metallic paint layer, d) application of a
clear coat layer.
37. Painting installation conforming to claim 19, further
comprising a primerless painting process without a primer with the
following process steps in the following order: a) Application of a
precoat with a filler function, b) Application of a first base coat
layer as top coat, c) Application of a second base coat layer as
top coat, d) application of a layer of clear coat layer.
38. Painting installation according to claim 19, further comprising
the following process steps: a) application of a paint having at
least one base coat layer and optionally a clear coat layer to the
component to be painted by means of an atomizer which applies a
spray mist of the paint, and b) applying a decoration to the
component to be painted by an overspray-free application device,
and c) optional application of a clear coat layer.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a national stage of, and claims priority
to, Patent Cooperation Treaty Application No. PCT/EP2017/081105,
filed on Dec. 1, 2017, which application claims priority to German
Application No. DE 10 2016 014 953.1, filed on Dec. 14, 2016, which
applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their
entireties.
BACKGROUND
[0002] The disclosure concerns a painting installation for the
painting of components with a paint, in particular for the painting
of car body components. Furthermore, the disclosure concerns a
corresponding painting process.
[0003] In modern painting installations for the painting of car
body components, atomizers (e.g. rotary atomizers, air atomizers,
airmix atomizers, airless atomizers, etc.) are usually used as
application devices, which emit a spray of the paint to be applied.
A disadvantage of these well-known atomizers is the fact that only
part of the applied paint deposits on the surface of the vehicle
body components to be coated, while the rest of the applied paint
has to be disposed of as so-called overspray or is deposited on
other areas of the component to be coated where no paint is to be
deposited. For this purpose, a so-called paint separation system is
located under the actual paint booth, which removes the unwanted
overspray from the downward flowing booth air.
[0004] FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view through a
conventional painting installation with a paint booth 1 on an upper
floor 2 and a paint separation 3 on a lower floor 4. The
construction of the painting installation with the two floors 2, 4
one above the other requires a steel construction 5 or
alternatively a concrete ceiling with a cut-out to lift the paint
booth above the level of the paint separation 3, so that the air
flowing downwards from the paint booth 1 can enter the paint
separation 3 through the grid floor, as schematically indicated by
the arrows. In paint booth 1, a conveyor 6 runs at right angles to
the drawing plane, with the conveyor 6 conveying the vehicle body
components to be painted through the painting installation at right
angles to the drawing plane. Multi-axis painting robots 8 are
arranged on both sides of the conveyor 6, each of which guides a
rotary atomizer 9 as an application device. An example of the
design and construction of the paint separation 3 is described in
DE 20 2006 021 158 U1. It should also be mentioned that the steel
structure 5 rests on a concrete foundation 10.
[0005] A main disadvantage of this well-known structure of a
painting installation is the fact that paint separation 3 is
necessary at all, since the paint separation 3 requires water,
chemicals, stone flour and/or cardboard filters.
[0006] Another disadvantage of this well-known structure of a
painting installation is the fact that the steel structure 5 is
required to support the paint booth 1 and to position it above
paint separation 3.
[0007] With regard to the technical background of the disclosure,
reference is also made to DE 10 2010 019 612 A1, DE 197 31 829 A1,
DE 602 12 523 T2, DE 94 22 327 U1, DE 10 2013 002 412 A1, DE 196 30
290 A1, DE 41 15 111 A1 and DE 196 06 716 C1.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] FIG. 1 a cross-sectional view through a conventional
painting installation with a paint separation under the paint
booth,
[0009] FIG. 2A a cross-sectional view through a paint booth
according to the disclosure,
[0010] FIG. 2B a modification of FIG. 2A,
[0011] FIG. 2C a modification of FIG. 2A,
[0012] FIG. 3 shows an example of a painting method according to
the disclosure in the form of a flow chart,
[0013] FIG. 4 a modification of FIG. 3,
[0014] FIG. 5 a modification of FIG. 3 with a 3-wet process,
[0015] FIG. 6 another modification of a painting process according
to the disclosure,
[0016] FIG. 7 a modification of FIG. 6,
[0017] FIG. 8 another modification, and
[0018] FIG. 9 a schematic illustration of the painting of
wrap-arounds around component edges.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The disclosure is therefore based on the task of creating a
correspondingly improved painting installation and a corresponding
painting method.
[0020] The painting installation according to the disclosure first
has at least one first paint booth in which the components to be
painted are painted by an application device. Here, however, a
rotary atomizer is not used as the application device--as in the
conventional structure of a painting installation described at the
beginning and shown in FIG. 1--but rather a print head which
essentially works without overspray, so that the paint applied by
the application device is deposited essentially completely on the
component to be coated without overspray.
[0021] Such printheads are known from the state of the art and are
described for example in DE 10 2013 002 412 A1, U.S. Pat. No.
9,108,424 B2 and DE 10 2010 019 612 A1. However, the term
"printhead" used in the disclosure is to be understood generally
and is not limited to the specific printheads described in the
above publications. Rather, the term "print head" used in the
context of the disclosure merely serves to distinguish between
atomizers that emit a spray of the paint to be applied. In
contrast, a print head according to the disclosure emits a
spatially narrowly limited jet of coating medium, which can be
formed either as a droplet jet or as a jet of coating medium, which
is continuous in the longitudinal direction of the jet.
[0022] For the first time, the disclosure provides for the
elimination of the time-consuming separation of paint under the
first paint booth. However, the disclosure does not only claim
protection for painting installations where all paint booths are
designed without an associated paint separation. Rather, the
disclosure also claims protection for a painting installation with
several paint booths, whereby at least one of the paint booths
works with an overspray-free print head as an application device
and therefore has no associated paint separation, while the other
paint booths can rather use conventional atomizers (e.g. rotary
atomizers) as an application device.
[0023] The combination of overspray-free print heads with
overspray-generating atomizers in a painting line is advantageous
because, for example, so-called wrap-around component edges are
difficult to paint with the currently known print heads. It
therefore makes sense to continue painting these areas (e.g.
wrap-around component edges) with conventional atomizers (e.g.
rotary atomizers). The wrap-around creates the layer of paint
produced during electrostatic painting, which is deposited in the
effective area of the field lines, which could not be coated
without the effect of the field lines.
[0024] The overspray-free print heads, on the other hand, are
preferably used for painting the outer surfaces of the components
to be painted, while the overspray-generating atomizers can be used
for painting the inner surfaces of the components to be painted or
for painting the above-mentioned wrap-arounds at the edges of the
components.
[0025] In the painting installation according to the disclosure,
the first paint booth with the overspray-free print heads can be
arranged at floor level without the steel construction described
above, especially directly on a floor foundation. The renunciation
of a paint separation thus also allows the combination of
overspray-free print heads with overspray-generating atomizers in a
painting line to dispense with the steel construction described
above and thus enables the arrangement of the at least one
overspray-free paint booth directly on a floor foundation which is
arranged at the level of the grating of the paint booth with
overspray separation. Accordingly, the conveyor for conveying the
components to be painted can also be arranged at floor level and,
in particular, directly on the floor foundation, which is also
advantageous.
[0026] It should be mentioned here that the conveyor can run at
floor level over the entire length of the painting
installation.
[0027] Alternatively, it is also possible that the first paint
booth with the overspray-free print heads as application device is
arranged at floor level, whereas the other paint booths with the
atomizers as application device are arranged in the conventional
way above a paint separation. In this case, the components to be
painted must be lowered or raised as they pass through the painting
line. The painting line can run on an upper assembly level, as is
known from the state of the art. If the paint booth with the
overspray-free print heads is now arranged at floor level, the
components to be painted must be discharged from the upper paint
line to the bottom and then returned to the top, which can be done
using a lift, for example.
[0028] Alternatively, it is also possible for the paint booth with
the overspray-free print heads to be located to the side of the
actual main painting line, which, however, also requires the
components to be painted to be introduced or discharged again.
[0029] In one example, the painting installation has an interior
paint booth and an exterior paint booth, which are arranged one
behind the other along the painting line and through which the
components to be painted pass one after the other. In the interior
paint booth, the inner surfaces of the components to be painted are
painted. In the exterior paint booth, on the other hand, the
exterior surfaces of the components to be painted are painted. The
aforementioned wrap-around component edges are then painted either
in the interior paint booth or in the exterior paint booth, so that
these paint booths have an extended painting scope.
[0030] It should also be mentioned that the painting line
preferably has a certain cycle time with which the components to be
painted are coated. The cycle time of the paint booth with the
overspray-free print heads is then preferably longer than the cycle
time of the main painting line, for example by 10%, 20%, 50%, 100%,
200%, 300% or 500%. Alternatively, it is also possible that the
cycle time of the paint booth with the overspray-free print heads
is equal to or less than the cycle time of the main spray line.
[0031] In a preferred example of the disclosure, in the paint booth
with overspray-free print heads, i.e. without paint separation,
only rare special paints or decorative paints are applied, whereas
frequent standard paints are painted with atomizers in the general
painting line. In addition, primers, adhesion promoters or seam
sealing (NAD: Nahtabdichtung) can also be applied in the paint
booth with the overspray-free print heads.
[0032] In one example, the painting installation has the following
painting stations (e.g. paint booths) which are arranged one behind
the other along a painting line so that the components to be
painted are conveyed through the stations one after the other in a
filling process:
[0033] A first filler station for the application of a filler layer
in the interior of the component and at the wrap around component
edges, whereby the application in the first filler station takes
place using an atomizer (e.g. rotary atomizer) and the wrap also
extends to outer surfaces.
[0034] A second filler station for applying a filler layer to the
outer surface of the component, the application in the second
filler station using an overspray-free applicator, in particular
with a print head.
[0035] A first drying station for drying the filler layer on the
component.
[0036] A first base coat station for applying a first base coat
layer to the inner surface of the component to be coated and around
the edges of the component at the wrap around, the application in
the first base coat station using an atomizer which emits a spray
jet and the wrap-around also extends to outer surfaces.
[0037] A second base coat station for applying the first base coat
layer to the outer surface of the component to be coated, the
application being carried out in the second base coat layer with an
overspray-free applicator.
[0038] A third base coat station for applying a second base coat
layer to the outer surface of the component to be painted, the
application being carried out in the third base coat station by an
overspray-free applicator or by an atomizer.
[0039] A second drying station for intermediate drying of the first
base coat layer and the second base coat layer.
[0040] A first clear coat station for the application of a clear
coat layer in the interior of the component and at the wrap-around
component edges, the application in the first clear coat station
being carried out by an atomizer which emits a spray mist of the
clear coat and the wrap-around also extends to outer surfaces.
[0041] A second clear coat station for applying a clear coat layer
to the outer surface of the component to be coated, the application
being carried out in the second clear coat station by an
overspray-free applicator, in particular by a print head.
[0042] A third drying station for drying the clear coat layer.
[0043] In another example, a fillerless process is used. Instead of
the filler application described above, in the first two stations a
precoat or a so-called BC0=BC zero (a base coat applied before the
actual first base coat, which can be done using an overspray-free
print head) is optionally used.
[0044] In a further example, a so-called "3-wet process" is
provided. A filler is optionally applied in a first station, which
can be done by means of a conventional atomizer. It should be
mentioned here that a wrap-around is required for all paint layers.
The remaining steps then correspond to the steps described above
with the exception of the 3-wet process.
[0045] In a variant of the disclosure, it is provided to first
apply a first base coat layer instead of the filler. A second base
coat can then optionally be applied as a top coat and optionally
with a metallic effect. Finally, a clear coat can be applied. This,
too, is preferably a primerless coating process.
[0046] The following process steps are provided in a further
example of a fillerless painting process:
[0047] Application of a precoat with a filler function,
[0048] Application of a first base coat as top coat,
[0049] Application of a second base coat as top coat,
[0050] Application of a clear coat.
[0051] Furthermore, the painting installation according to the
disclosure is very suitable for decorative painting. A base coat
can first be applied to the component to be painted, which can be
done using a conventional atomizer. The desired decor (e.g.
graphic) can then be applied to the component using an
overspray-free application device. The decor is then protected with
a clear coat layer.
[0052] Furthermore, the paint booth without paint separation
comprises an air duct with a supply air duct and an exhaust air
duct. The supply air duct can be realised as a supply air ceiling,
while the exhaust air ducting can be designed as an exhaust air
floor. Alternatively, the exhaust air duct can have exhaust air
ducts on the floor, e.g. next to the body, under the body or on the
cabin wall. However, the supply air could also come from ducts on
the ceiling. The supply and exhaust air is also necessary without
paint separation, as paint is still being applied to the car. For
example, the solvents still have to be removed and the paint has to
evaporate.
[0053] With reference to the figures, FIG. 2A shows a
cross-sectional view of a paint booth 1 according to the
disclosure, partially identical with the conventional paint booth 1
shown in FIG. 1, so that reference is made to the above description
to avoid repetition, using the same reference marks for
corresponding details.
[0054] A feature of this design example is that print heads 11,
which are guided by the painting robots 8, are used as the
application device instead of the rotary atomizers 9. The print
heads 11, however, do not emit a spray of the paint to be applied,
but a narrowly confined jet of coating agent and are therefore
essentially free of overspray. This offers the advantage that the
paint separation 3 can be dispensed with. Rather, there is only one
exhaust air duct 12 below the paint booth 1, through which the
downward air flow in the paint booth 1 can be discharged.
[0055] This renunciation of the paint separation 3, which is
possible according to the disclosure, again makes it possible to
dispense with the steel construction 5, so that the paint booth 1
can be mounted almost at floor level.
[0056] FIG. 2B shows another modification, so that to avoid
repetitions, reference is made again to the above description,
using the same reference symbols for corresponding details.
[0057] A special feature of this example is that the conveyor 6 for
conveying the motor vehicle body components 7 is arranged directly
on the concrete foundation 10'.
[0058] The painting installation according to the disclosure
therefore only has to have a single floor, since no separate floor
is required for the paint separation 3. This in turn allows the
painting installation to be installed in relatively low halls.
However, this only applies if overspray-free application equipment
is used exclusively.
[0059] FIG. 2C shows a further modification so that the above
description is referred to again in order to avoid repetitions,
whereby the same reference symbols are used for corresponding
details.
[0060] FIG. 2C, for example, shows a modification according to the
disclosure in which an overspray-free paint booth 1' is connected
to the paint booth 1 with the paint separation 3 (overspray
separation). The concrete foundation 10' of the overspray-free
paint booth 1' is arranged at the same height as the grating of the
paint booth 1 with the paint separation 3 (overspray
separation).
[0061] FIG. 3 shows a flow chart to illustrate an example of a
painting process according to the disclosure with a filler.
[0062] In a first step, S1, a filler is applied in the conventional
way by means of a atomizer to the inner surfaces of the vehicle
body components to be painted and around the edges of the
component.
[0063] In a further step, S2, a filler is then applied to the outer
surfaces of the vehicle body components to be painted using an
overspray-free print head.
[0064] In the next step, S3, the vehicle body components are then
dried.
[0065] A step S4 then provides for a first base coat layer to be
applied to the inner surfaces of the vehicle body components and
around the edges of the component by means of an atomizer.
[0066] In a further step, S5, a first base coat layer is applied to
the outer surfaces of the vehicle body components using an
overspray-free print head.
[0067] Step S6 then involves applying a second base coat layer to
the outer surfaces of the vehicle body component using an
overspray-free print head.
[0068] In a step S7, the vehicle body components are then
dried.
[0069] A step S8 then provides for a clear coat to be applied to
the inner surfaces and around the edges of the component by an
atomizer.
[0070] In a further step, S9, a clear coat is then applied to the
outer surfaces of the vehicle body components using an
overspray-free print head.
[0071] In one step S10, the vehicle body components are then
finally dried.
[0072] In a modification of this example, the entire painting line
runs through all the painting cabins on an upper floor, so that
there is no difference in height between the painting cabins with
the atomizers and the painting cabins with the overspray-free print
heads. The paint booths with the overspray-free print heads can
then also have a steel or concrete construction so that these paint
booths are at the same height level as the other paint booths with
the overspray-generating atomizers. The paint booths with the
overspray-free print heads can also be installed on solid false
ceilings and/or without recesses or basements.
[0073] In another modification of the disclosure, the paint booths
with the overspray-free print heads are lowered, since they do not
require paint separation. In this case, it is necessary to overcome
the difference in height, which is done by means of a discharge A
or an infeed E. This discharge A or the infeed E from the elevated
painting line or into the elevated painting line can be carried
out, for example, by means of a lift.
[0074] FIG. 4 shows a modification of the example according to FIG.
3, so that to avoid repetitions, reference is made to the above
description, using the same reference signs for corresponding
details.
[0075] A feature of this example is that it is a primerless
painting process. In step S1, therefore, no filler is applied, but
a precoat or a BC0, which can be done using a print head.
Furthermore, in step S2, either evaporation or intermediate drying
takes place.
[0076] Otherwise, this painting process essentially corresponds to
the painting process described above and shown in FIG. 3.
[0077] FIG. 5 shows a further modification, which in turn partially
corresponds to the examples given in FIGS. 3 and 4, so that
reference is made to the above description in order to avoid
repetitions, whereby the same reference signs are used for
corresponding details.
[0078] A feature of this example is that it is a so-called 3-wet
process. In the first step, a filler is optionally applied inside
and on the wrap-around by means of a atomizer.
[0079] In the second step, S2, a filler is then applied to the
outer surfaces of the vehicle body components, which can be done
using an overspray-free print head.
[0080] The further procedural steps again essentially correspond to
the procedural steps described above, so that reference is made to
the above description in this regard.
[0081] FIG. 6 shows another simple example. In the first step S1, a
first base coat layer is applied instead of a filler, i.e. the base
coat layer also has a filler function. In a second step, S2, a
second base coat layer is applied, which can also have a metallic
effect. Finally, a clear coat layer is applied in step S3.
[0082] FIG. 7 shows another example of a coating process based on
the disclosure. In a first step S1, a precoat with a filler
function is applied. A first base coat layer is then applied in
step S2 and a second base coat layer in step S3. Finally, a clear
coat layer is applied in step S4.
[0083] In the example shown in FIG. 8, a conventional paint
structure with filler and base coat is first applied using an
atomizer. In one step S2, a decor is then applied, which can be
done using an overspray-free print head. Then a clear coat layer is
applied.
[0084] FIG. 9 shows a simplified and schematic cross-sectional view
through a component edge 13 of a component, such as a car body
component. The component edge 30 is flanged and sealed with a
flange seam seal 14. The outer surfaces 15 of the motor vehicle
body component are coated with a paint layer 21 by an
overspray-free print head 16, while the inner surfaces 17 of the
component are coated with a paint layer 20 by a conventional
atomizer 18. In addition, the component edge 13 is coated with the
paint layer 19, which is also applied by the atomizer 18, by the
electrostatic wrap-around.
[0085] The coating of the wrap-around area and the component edge
13 with the atomizer 18 instead of the print head 16 is
advantageous, since the coating of extremely strongly curved
surfaces with a very small radius of curvature with the print heads
16 is so far only very badly possible.
[0086] The disclosure is not limited to the preferred examples
described above. Rather, a large number of variants and
modifications are possible which also make use of the idea of the
disclosure and therefore fall within the scope of protection.
* * * * *