U.S. patent application number 16/599803 was filed with the patent office on 2020-02-06 for operation method of a communication node in network.
The applicant listed for this patent is Hyundai Motor Company, Kia Motors Corporation. Invention is credited to Dong Ok Kim, Kang Woon Seo, Jin Hwa Yun.
Application Number | 20200044970 16/599803 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 60090439 |
Filed Date | 2020-02-06 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20200044970 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Seo; Kang Woon ; et
al. |
February 6, 2020 |
OPERATION METHOD OF A COMMUNICATION NODE IN NETWORK
Abstract
An operation method of a first communication node comprises:
receiving a first frame from a second communication node; obtaining
a destination address of the first frame; and transmitting a second
frame including an indicator for indicating an occurrence of an
error in the first frame to a communication node corresponding to a
source address of the first frame, when a port corresponding to the
destination address does not exist in a routing table.
Inventors: |
Seo; Kang Woon; (Seoul,
KR) ; Kim; Dong Ok; (Goyang-si, KR) ; Yun; Jin
Hwa; (Seoul, KR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Hyundai Motor Company
Kia Motors Corporation |
Seoul
Seoul |
|
KR
KR |
|
|
Family ID: |
60090439 |
Appl. No.: |
16/599803 |
Filed: |
October 11, 2019 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
15493414 |
Apr 21, 2017 |
10484280 |
|
|
16599803 |
|
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|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04L 67/12 20130101;
H04L 1/00 20130101; H04L 45/745 20130101; H04L 2012/40273 20130101;
H04L 2012/445 20130101; H04L 69/40 20130101; H04L 45/66 20130101;
H04L 61/6022 20130101 |
International
Class: |
H04L 12/741 20060101
H04L012/741; H04L 29/08 20060101 H04L029/08; H04L 12/721 20060101
H04L012/721 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Apr 21, 2016 |
KR |
10-2016-0048930 |
Claims
1. An operation method of a first communication node in an
Ethernet-based vehicle network, the operation method comprising:
receiving a first frame from a second communication node; obtaining
a destination address of the first frame; and transmitting a second
frame including an indicator for indicating an occurrence of an
error in the first frame to a communication node corresponding to a
source address of the first frame, when a port corresponding to the
destination address does not exist in a routing table.
2. The operation method according to claim 1, wherein the
destination address is obtained from a medium access control (MAC)
header of the first frame.
3. The operation method according to claim 1, further comprising
discarding the first frame.
4. The operation method according to claim 1, wherein the second
frame further includes an indicator for instructing correction of
the error in the first frame.
5. The operation method according to claim 1, wherein the second
frame further includes an indicator for instructing transmission of
an error-corrected frame in which the error in the first frame is
corrected.
6. The operation method according to claim 1, further comprising:
receiving a third frame from the second communication node;
performing an error check operation on the third frame; obtaining a
destination address of the third frame when the third frame has no
error; and transmitting the third frame through a port
corresponding to the destination address of the third frame based
on the routing table.
7. The operation method according to claim 1, wherein the first
communication node is a switch or a bridge, and wherein the second
communication node is an end node connected to the first
communication node.
8. The operation method according to claim 1, wherein the first
communication node supports a cut-through frame routing scheme.
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a divisional patent application of U.S.
patent application Ser. No. 15/493,414, filed on Apr. 21, 2017,
which claims the benefit of priority to Korean Patent Application
No. 10-2016-0048930, filed on Apr. 21, 2016, the entireties of
which are incorporated by reference as if fully set forth
herein.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure relates to an operation method of a
communication node in a network, and more specifically, to an
operation method for resolving routing errors occurring when a
destination address of a frame transmitted by a communication node
has an error.
BACKGROUND
[0003] Electronic devices installed in a vehicle have been
increased significantly in their number and variety along with
recent digitalization of vehicle parts. Generally, electronic
devices may be used throughout the vehicle, such as in a power
train control system (e.g., an engine control system, an automatic
transmission control system, or the like), a body control system
(e.g., a body electronic equipment control system, a convenience
apparatus control system, a lamp control system, or the like), a
chassis control system (e.g., a steering apparatus control system,
a brake control system, a suspension control system, or the like),
a vehicle network (e.g., a controller area network (CAN), a
FlexRay-based network, a media oriented system transport
(MOST)-based network, or the like), a multimedia system (e.g., a
navigation apparatus system, a telematics system, an infotainment
system, or the like), and so forth.
[0004] The electronic devices used in each of these systems are
connected via the vehicle network, which supports functions of the
electronic devices. For instance, the CAN may support a
transmission rate of up to 1 Mbps and support automatic
retransmission of colliding messages, error detection based on a
cycle redundancy interface (CRC), or the like. The FlexRay-based
network may support a transmission rate of up to 10 Mbps and
support simultaneous transmission of data through two channels,
synchronous data transmission, or the like. The MOST-based network
is a communication network for high-quality multimedia, which may
support a transmission rate of up to 150 Mbps.
[0005] The telematics system and the infotainment system, like most
enhanced safety systems of a vehicle do, require higher
transmission rates and system expandability. However, the CAN,
FlexRay-based network, and the like may not sufficiently support
such requirements. The MOST-based network, in particular, may
support a higher transmission rate than the CAN or the
FlexRay-based network. However, applying the MOST-based network to
vehicle networks can be costly. Due to these limitations, an
Ethernet-based network is often utilized as a vehicle network. The
Ethernet-based network may support bi-directional communication
through one pair of windings and may support a transmission rate of
up to 10 Gbps. The Ethernet-based vehicle network may include a
plurality of communication nodes. The communication node may be a
gateway, a switch (or bridge), an end node, or the like.
[0006] The Ethernet-based vehicle network may comprise a plurality
of communication nodes. A communication node may be a gateway, a
switch (or a bridge), an end node, or the like. The plurality of
communication nodes constituting the vehicle network can transmit
and receive frames to each other.
[0007] In the IEEE 802.1Qcc standard, when a communication node
operating as a switch or a bridge receives a frame, it may decide a
routing path by referring to the destination MAC address
information and the internal routing table without a separate error
check on the frame. Then, the communication node may configure a
port (for example, a transmission port) used for transmission of
the frame based on the determined routing path, and transmit the
frame through the configured port. However, if the destination MAC
address of the frame includes an error, the communication node may
have a problem that the frame is transmitted to a wrong
destination. That is, the communication node may generate an error
in the routing process of the frame due to the error of the
destination MAC address of the frame. In addition, since the
communication node maintains the frame transmission scheme
currently used even when such the error occurs, there is a problem
that errors occur continuously in the routing process of the
continuous frames.
SUMMARY
[0008] The present disclosure provides methods for resolving a
frame routing error caused by an error in a destination address of
a frame at a communication node constituting a vehicle network.
[0009] In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, an
operation method of a first communication node in an Ethernet-based
vehicle network may comprise: receiving a first frame from a second
communication node; obtaining a destination address of the first
frame; and transmitting a second frame including an indicator for
indicating an occurrence of an error in the first frame to a
communication node corresponding to a source address of the first
frame, when a port corresponding to the destination address does
not exist in a routing table.
[0010] The destination address may be obtained from a medium access
control (MAC) header of the first frame.
[0011] The operation method may further comprise discarding the
first frame.
[0012] The second frame may further include an indicator for
instructing correction of the error in the first frame.
[0013] The second frame may further include an indicator for
instructing transmission of an error-corrected frame in which the
error in the first frame is corrected.
[0014] The operation method may further comprise receiving a third
frame from the second communication node; performing an error check
operation on the third frame; obtaining a destination address of
the third frame when the third frame has no error; and transmitting
the third frame through a port corresponding to the destination
address of the third frame based on the routing table.
[0015] The first communication node may be a switch or a bridge,
and the second communication node may be an end node connected to
the first communication node.
[0016] The first communication node may support a cut-through frame
routing scheme.
[0017] According to another exemplary embodiment of the present
disclosure, an operation method of a first communication node in an
Ethernet-based vehicle network may comprise: receiving a first
frame from a second communication node; obtaining a destination
address of the first frame; transmitting the first frame through a
port corresponding to the destination address based on a routing
table of the first communication node; receiving a second frame
including an indicator indicating an occurrence of an error in the
first frame from a third communication node receiving the first
frame; and transmitting the second frame to a communication node
corresponding to a source address of the first frame.
[0018] The destination address may be obtained from a medium access
control (MAC) header of the first frame.
[0019] The second frame may further include an indicator for
instructing correction of the error in the first frame.
[0020] The second frame may further include an indicator for
instructing transmission of an error-corrected frame in which the
error in the first frame is corrected.
[0021] The operation method may further comprise receiving a third
frame from the third communication node, the third frame including
an indicator requesting to perform the error check operation;
receiving a fourth frame from the second communication node;
performing the error check operation on the fourth frame; obtaining
a destination address of the fourth frame when the fourth frame has
no error; and transmitting the fourth frame through a port
corresponding to the destination address of the fourth frame based
on the routing table.
[0022] The first communication node may be a switch or a bridge,
and the second communication node and the third communication node
may be end nodes connected to the first communication node.
[0023] The first communication node may support a cut-through frame
routing scheme.
[0024] According to another exemplary embodiment of the present
disclosure, an operation method of a first communication node in an
Ethernet-based vehicle network may comprise: receiving a first
frame from a second communication node; performing an error check
operation on the first frame; generating a second frame including
an indicator indicating an occurrence of an error in the first
frame when the first frame has the error; and transmitting the
second frame to a communication node corresponding to a source
address of the first frame.
[0025] The first frame may be a frame on which the second node does
not perform the error check operation.
[0026] The error in the first frame may be identified by performing
a cyclic redundancy check on the first frame based on a frame check
sequence (FCS) included in a FCS field of the first frame.
[0027] The operation method may further comprise generating a third
frame including an indicator requesting to perform the error check
operation; and transmitting the third frame to the second
communication node.
[0028] The first communication node may be an end node connected to
the second communication node, and the second communication node
may be a switch or a bridge.
[0029] The second communication node may support a cut-through
frame routing scheme.
[0030] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, in
an Ethernet-based vehicle network, a communication node using a
cut-through frame routing scheme defined in the IEEE 801.1Qcc
standard is able to stop the cut-through frame routing scheme, when
a routing error of a frame occurs due to an error in a destination
MAC address of the frame. In addition, the communication node using
the cut-through frame routing scheme can reduce a load on the
vehicle network by preventing unnecessary frame transmission and
reception caused by the error of the destination MAC address of the
frame.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0031] Embodiments of the present disclosure will become more
apparent by describing in detail forms of the present disclosure
with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0032] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a vehicle network topology
according to embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0033] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a communication node
constituting a vehicle network according to embodiments of the
present disclosure;
[0034] FIG. 3 is a sequence chart illustrating an embodiment of an
operation method of a communication node constituting an
Ethernet-based vehicle network;
[0035] FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an embodiment of
a frame used in an Ethernet-based vehicle network;
[0036] FIG. 5 is a sequence chart illustrating another embodiment
of an operation method of a communication node constituting an
Ethernet-based vehicle network;
[0037] FIG. 6 is a sequence chart illustrating an operation method
of a first communication node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network
according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0038] FIG. 7 is a sequence chart illustrating an operation method
of a first communication node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network
according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0039] It should be understood that the above-referenced drawings
are not necessarily to scale, presenting a somewhat simplified
representation of various preferred features illustrative of the
basic principles of the disclosure. The specific design features of
the present disclosure, including, for example, specific
dimensions, orientations, locations, and shapes, will be determined
in part by the particular intended application and use
environment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be
described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As
those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments
may be modified in various different ways, all without departing
from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Further,
throughout the specification, like reference numerals refer to like
elements.
[0041] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing
particular forms only and is not intended to be limiting of the
disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the"
are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the
context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood
that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this
specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers,
steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude
the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers,
steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As
used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of
one or more of the associated listed items.
[0042] It is understood that the term "vehicle" or "vehicular" or
other similar term as used herein is inclusive of motor vehicles in
general such as passenger automobiles including sports utility
vehicles (SUV), buses, trucks, various commercial vehicles,
watercraft including a variety of boats and ships, aircraft, and
the like, and includes hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles,
combustion, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, hydrogen-powered
vehicles and other alternative fuel vehicles (e.g. fuels derived
from resources other than petroleum).
[0043] Although forms are described herein as using a plurality of
units to perform the exemplary process, it is understood that the
exemplary processes may also be performed by one or plurality of
modules. Additionally, it is understood that a controller/control
unit may perform one or more of the processes described further
below, and the term controller/control unit refers to a hardware
device that includes a memory and a processor. The memory is
configured to store the modules, and the processor is specifically
configured to execute said modules to perform one or more processes
which are described further below. Moreover, it is understood that
the units or modules described herein may embody a
controller/control unit for controlling operation of the unit or
module.
[0044] Furthermore, a control logic of the present disclosure may
be embodied as non-transitory computer readable media on a computer
readable medium containing executable program instructions executed
by a processor, controller/control unit or the like. Examples of
the computer readable mediums include, but are not limited to,
read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), compact disc
(CD)-ROMs, magnetic tapes, floppy disks, flash drives, smart cards
and optical data storage devices. The computer readable recording
medium can also be distributed in network coupled computer systems
so that the computer readable media is stored and executed in a
distributed fashion, e.g., by a telematics server or a Controller
Area Network (CAN).
[0045] Since the present disclosure may be variously modified and
have several forms, specific embodiments will be shown in the
accompanying drawings and be described in detail in the detailed
description. It should be understood, however, that it is not
intended to limit the present disclosure to the specific
embodiments but, on the contrary, the present disclosure is to
cover all modifications and alternatives falling within the spirit
and scope of the present disclosure.
[0046] Relational terms such as first, second, and the like may be
used for describing various elements, but the elements should not
be limited by the terms. These terms are only used to distinguish
one element from another. For example, a first component may be
named a second component without being departed from the scope of
the present disclosure and the second component may also be
similarly named the first component. The term "and/or" means any
one or a combination of a plurality of related and described
items.
[0047] When it is mentioned that a certain component is "coupled
with" or "connected with" another component, it should be
understood that the certain component is directly "coupled with" or
"connected with" to the other component or a further component may
be located therebetween. In contrast, when it is mentioned that a
certain component is "directly coupled with" or "directly connected
with" another component, it will be understood that a further
component is not located therebetween.
[0048] Unless specifically stated or obvious from context, as used
herein, the term "about" is understood as within a range of normal
tolerance in the art, for example within 2 standard deviations of
the mean. "About" can be understood as within 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%,
5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0.05%, or 0.01% of the stated
value. Unless otherwise clear from the context, all numerical
values provided herein are modified by the term "about."
[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and
scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly
understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this
disclosure belongs. Terms such as terms that are generally used and
have been in dictionaries should be construed as having meanings
matched with contextual meanings in the art. In this description,
unless defined clearly, terms are not ideally, excessively
construed as formal meanings.
[0050] Hereinafter, forms of the present disclosure will be
described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In
describing the disclosure, to facilitate the entire understanding
of the disclosure, like numbers refer to like elements throughout
the description of the figures and the repetitive description
thereof will be omitted.
[0051] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a vehicle network topology
according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0052] As shown in FIG. 1, a communication node included in the
vehicle network may be a gateway, a switch (or bridge), or an end
node. The gateway 100 may be connected with at least one switch
110, 110-1, 110-2, 120, and 130 and may be configured to connect
different networks. For example, the gateway 100 may support
connection between a switch which supports a controller area
network (CAN) (e.g., FlexRay, media oriented system transport
(MOST), or local interconnect network (LIN)) protocol and a switch
which supports an Ethernet protocol. Each of the switches 110,
110-1, 110-2, 120, and 130 may be connected to at least one of end
nodes 111, 112, 113, 121, 122, 123, 131, 132, and 133. Each of the
switches 110, 110-1, 110-2, 120, and 130 may interconnect the end
nodes 111, 112, 113, 121, 122, 123, 131, 132, and 133, and control
at least one of end nodes 111, 112, 113, 121, 122, 123, 131, 132,
and 133 connected to the switch.
[0053] The end nodes 111, 112, 113, 121, 122, 123, 131, 132, and
133 may include an electronic control unit (ECU) configured to
control various types of devices mounted within a vehicle. For
example, the end nodes 111, 112, 113, 121, 122, 123, 131, 132, and
133 may include the ECU included in an infotainment device (e.g., a
display device, a navigation device, and an around view monitoring
device).
[0054] The communication nodes (e.g., a gateway, a switch, an end
node, or the like) included in the vehicle network may be connected
in a star topology, a bus topology, a ring topology, a tree
topology, a mesh topology, or the like. In addition, the
communication nodes of the vehicle network may support the CAN
protocol, the FlexRay protocol, the MOST protocol, the LIN
protocol, or the Ethernet protocol. Embodiments of the present
disclosure may be applied to the foregoing network topologies. The
network topology to which forms of the present disclosure may be
applied is not limited thereto and may be configured in various
ways.
[0055] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a communication node
constituting a vehicle network according to embodiments of the
present disclosure. Notably, the various methods discussed below
may be executed by a controller having a processor and a
memory.
[0056] As shown in FIG. 2, a communication node 200 of a network
may include a physical (PHY) layer 210 and a controller 220. In
addition, the communication node 200 may further include a
regulator (not shown) for supplying power. In particular, the
controller 220 may be implemented to include a medium access
control (MAC) layer. The PHY layer 210 may be configured to receive
or transmit signals from or to another communication node. The
controller 220 may be configured to control the PHY layer 210 and
perform various functions (e.g., an infotainment function, or the
like). The PHY layer 210 and the controller 220 may be implemented
as one system on chip (SoC), or alternatively may be implemented as
separate chips.
[0057] Furthermore, the PHY layer 210 and the controller 220 may be
connected via a media independent interface (MII) 230. The MII 230
may include an interface defined in the IEEE 802.3 and may include
a data interface and a management interface between the PHY layer
210 and the controller 220. One of a reduced MII (RMII), a gigabit
MII (GMII), a reduced GMII (RGMII), a serial GMII (SGMII), a 10
GMII (XGMII) may be used instead of the MII 230. A data interface
may include a transmission channel and a reception channel, each of
which may have an independent clock, data, and a control signal.
The management interface may include a two-signal interface, one
signal for the clock and one signal for the data.
[0058] Particularly, the PHY layer 210 may include a PHY layer
interface 211, a PHY layer processor 212, and a PHY layer memory
213. The configuration of the PHY layer 210 is not limited thereto,
and the PHY layer 210 may be configured in various ways. The PHY
layer interface 211 may be configured to transmit a signal received
from the controller 220 to the PHY layer processor 212 and transmit
a signal received from the PHY layer processor 212 to the
controller 220. The PHY layer processor 212 may be configured to
execute operations of the PHY layer interface 211 and the PHY layer
memory 213. The PHY layer processor 212 may be configured to
modulate a signal to be transmitted or demodulate a received
signal. The PHY layer processor 212 may be configured to control
the PHY layer memory 213 to input or output a signal. The PHY layer
memory 213 may be configured to store the received signal and
output the stored signal based on a request from the PHY layer
processor 212.
[0059] The controller 220 may be configured to monitor and control
the PHY layer 210 using the MII 230. The controller 220 may include
a controller interface 221, a controller processor 222, a main
memory 223, and a sub memory 224. The configuration of the
controller 220 is not limited thereto, and the controller 220 may
be configured in various ways. The controller interface 221 may be
configured to receive a signal from the PHY layer 210 (e.g., the
PHY layer interface 211) or an upper layer (not shown), transmit
the received signal to the controller processor 222, and transmit
the signal received from the controller processor 222 to the PHY
layer 210 or the upper layer. The controller processor 222 may
further include independent memory control logic or integrated
memory control logic for controlling the controller interface 221,
the main memory 223, and the sub memory 224. The memory control
logic may be implemented to be included in the main memory 223 and
the sub memory 224 or may be implemented to be included in the
controller processor 222.
[0060] Furthermore, each of the main memory 223 and the sub memory
224 may be configured to store a signal processed by the controller
processor 222 and may be configured to output the stored signal
based on a request from the controller processor 222. The main
memory 223 may be a volatile memory (e.g., RAM) configured to
temporarily store data required for the operation of the controller
processor 222. The sub memory 224 may be a non-volatile memory in
which an operating system code (e.g., a kernel and a device driver)
and an application program code for performing a function of the
controller 220 may be stored. A flash memory having a high
processing speed, a hard disc drive (HDD), or a compact disc-read
only memory (CD-ROM) for large capacity data storage may be used as
the non-volatile memory. Typically, the controller processor 222
may include a logic circuit having at least one processing core. A
core of an Advanced RISC Machines (ARM) family or a core of an Atom
family may be used as the controller processor 222.
[0061] A method performed by a communication node and a
corresponding counterpart communication node in a vehicle network
will be described below. Although the method (e.g., signal
transmission or reception) performed by a first communication node,
the method is applicable to a second communication node that
corresponds to the first communication node. In other words, when
an operation of the first communication node is described, the
second communication node corresponding thereto may be configured
to perform an operation that corresponds to the operation of the
first communication node. Additionally, when an operation of the
second communication node is described, the first communication
node may be configured to perform an operation that corresponds to
an operation of a switch.
[0062] FIG. 3 is a sequence chart illustrating an embodiment of an
operation method of a communication node constituting an
Ethernet-based vehicle network.
[0063] A switch, a first end node, and a second end node shown in
FIG. 3 may constitute the Ethernet-based vehicle network described
with reference to FIG. 1. Here, the switch may be a bridge.
Further, each of the switch, first end node, and second end node
may have the structure of the communication node 200 described with
reference to FIG. 2.
[0064] Referring to FIG. 3, the first end node may transmit a frame
to the switch (S300). On the other hand, the switch may have at
least one port and may receive the frame from the first end node,
for example, via a first port among the at least one port.
[0065] Then, the switch may parse a header of the frame received
from the first end node (S301). The switch may check whether the
frame is erroneous or not (S302). Specifically, the switch may
perform a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) based on a frame check
sequence (FCS) in a FCS field included in the received frame in
order to check whether the frame is erroneous. That is, step S302
performed in the switch may refer to a process of checking
integrity of the frame received from the first end node. Here, the
frame transmitted from the first end node to the switch may be
described with reference to FIG. 4.
[0066] FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an embodiment of
a frame used in an Ethernet-based vehicle network.
[0067] Referring to FIG. 4, a frame 400 may include a physical
layer (PHY) header, a medium access control layer (MAC) frame, and
an FCS field 408. In particular, the PHY header may include a
preamble 401 and a start frame delimiter (SFD) field 402. Also, the
MAC frame may be located after the SFD field 402. The MAC frame may
include only a MAC header, or may include the MAC header and a
logical link control (LLC) frame. The MAC header may include a
destination address (DA) field 403, a source address (SA) field
404, and a length/type field 405. The DA field 403 may include
identification information (e.g., MAC address) of a communication
node receiving the corresponding MAC frame. The SA field 404 may
include identification information (e.g., a MAC address) of a
communication node transmitting the corresponding MAC frame.
[0068] The length/type field 405 may indicate the length of a data
field 406 or an Ethernet type supported by the communication node
transmitting the frame 400 based on the corresponding protocol. The
LLC frame may include the data field 406 and may further include a
pad field 407 as needed (e.g., to meet the minimum MAC frame size).
Here, the pad field 407 may be added after the data field 406.
[0069] That is, referring again to FIG. 3, the switch may perform
the CRC based on the FCS included in the FCS field 408 of the frame
described with reference to FIG. 4. Then, when it is determined
that there is no error in the received frame, the switch may obtain
a destination MAC address in the DA field of the frame (S303).
Then, the switch may search for a port corresponding to the
destination MAC address based on a routing table (S304).
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 MAC address Port aaaa.aaaa.aaaa 1
bbbb.bbbb.bbbb 2 cccc.cccc.cccc 3 dddd.dddd.dddd 4 eeee.eeee.eeee
5
[0070] Table 1 is a table showing an embodiment of the routing
table of the switch. It may be assumed that the switch has five
ports such as a first port, a second port, a third port, a fourth
port, and a fifth port. In this case, the switch may have a routing
table as shown in Table 1 above. That is, the routing table may be
composed of a MAC address field and a port field. The MAC address
field may include a MAC address of a communication node connected
to the switch, and the port field may include information on a port
mapped to the corresponding MAC address.
[0071] For example, the first port of the switch may be used to
transmit and receive frames to/from a communication node having a
MAC address of (aaaa.aaaa.aaaa), and the second port of the switch
may be used to transmit and receive frames to/from a communication
node having a MAC address of (bbbb.bbbb.bbbb).
[0072] Therefore, when the MAC address included in the DA field of
the received frame is determined to be (aaaa.aaaa.aaaa) in the step
S304, the switch may search the routing table for the port
corresponding to the MAC address of (aaaa.aaaa.aaaa). In the above
example, based on the routing table, the switch may identify that
the port corresponding to the MAC address of (aaaa.aaaa.aaaa) is
the first port. That is, the switch may search for the port
corresponding to the destination MAC address among at least one
port it has based on the routing table.
[0073] Thereafter, the switch may transmit the frame to the second
end node through the searched port (S305). Accordingly, the second
end node may receive the frame from the switch.
[0074] FIG. 5 is a sequence chart illustrating another embodiment
of an operation method of a communication node constituting an
Ethernet-based vehicle network.
[0075] A switch, a first end node, and a second end node shown in
FIG. 5 may constitute the Ethernet-based vehicle network described
with reference to FIG. 1. Here, the switch may mean a bridge, and
support a cut-through frame routing scheme, the frame routing
scheme specified in the IEEE 802.1Qcc standard. Each of the switch,
first end node, and second end node may have the structure of the
communication node 200 described with reference to FIG. 2.
[0076] Referring to FIG. 5, the first end node may transmit a frame
to the switch (S500). On the other hand, the switch may have at
least one port and may receive the frame from the first end node,
for example, via a first port among the at least one port. Then,
the switch may obtain a destination MAC address in a DA field of
the received frame without checking whether the frame received from
the first end node is erroneous (S501).
[0077] Then, the switch may search for a port corresponding to the
destination MAC address based on the routing table (S502).
Thereafter, the switch may transmit the frame to the second end
node through the searched port (S503). Accordingly, the second end
node may receive the frame from the switch.
[0078] Then, the second end node may check whether the received
frame is erroneous or not. The second end node may parse a header
of the received frame and check whether the received frame is
erroneous by performing a CRC based on a FCS included in a FCS
field of the received frame.
[0079] Then, when the received frame has no error, the second end
node may decode the received frame. The second end node may obtain
data contained in the received frame through decoding of the
received frame. Thereafter, the second end node may generate a
frame indicating that the frame has been successfully received and
transmit the generated frame to the switch.
[0080] That is, according to the operation method described with
reference to FIG. 5, the switch may obtain the destination MAC
address of the frame without performing a check on whether or not
the frame received from the first end node has an error. Also, the
switch may search a port corresponding to the obtained destination
MAC address based on the routing table, and transmit the frame to
the second end node through the searched port. Therefore, the
switch may cause the frame to be routed to a wrong port due to a
latent error in the destination MAC address of the frame.
[0081] FIG. 6 is a sequence chart illustrating an operation method
of a first communication node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network
according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0082] Referring to FIG. 6, a first communication node may be a
switch or a bridge. In addition, a first end node and a second end
node shown in FIG. 6 may refer to communication nodes connected to
the first communication node. In the below description, the first
communication node may be described as being a switch, for example.
Also, the first communication node may support the cut-through
frame routing scheme, which is the frame routing scheme proposed in
the IEEE 802.1Qcc standard.
[0083] The first end node may transmit a first frame to the switch
(S600). On the other hand, the switch may have at least one port
and may receive the first frame from the first end node, for
example, via a first port among the at least one port.
[0084] Then, the switch may determine a port for transmitting the
first frame received from the first end node. For this, the switch
may obtain a destination MAC address of the first frame (S601).
Here, the switch may obtain the destination MAC address included in
a MAC header of the first frame without checking whether the first
frame is erroneous according to the cut-through frame routing
scheme.
[0085] Then, the switch may search for a port corresponding to the
obtained destination MAC address of the first frame based on the
routing table (S602). That is, the switch may identify a port
corresponding to the destination MAC address of the first frame
among the at least one port of the switch based on the routing
table.
[0086] When the port corresponding to the destination MAC address
does not exist, the switch may generate a second frame including an
indicator indicating an occurrence of an error in the first frame.
The error in the first frame may indicate that there is an error in
the destination MAC address of the first frame. Here, the second
frame may further include an indicator for instructing correction
of the error for the first frame or an indicator for requesting
transmission of an error-corrected frame in which the error of the
first frame is corrected. In addition, the switch may generate an
additional frame that includes the indicator instructing correction
of the error for the first frame or the indicator for requesting
transmission of the error-corrected frame for the first frame.
[0087] Then, the switch may transmit the generated second frame to
the first end node (S604). Here, the first end node may be a
communication node corresponding to a source address of the first
frame. That is, the switch may transmit the second frame to a
communication node corresponding to the MAC address included in the
SA field of the first frame.
[0088] Thereafter, the switch may discard the first frame (S605).
However, embodiments according to the present disclosure are not
limited to discarding the first frame after the switch transmits
the second frame to the first end node. That is, the switch may
discard the first frame before generating the second frame or
before transmitting the second frame to the first end node. For
example, the time point at which the first frame is discarded in
the switch may be preset to a time point such as a time point when
the error in the first frame is recognized, or a time point after a
predetermined time from the time point at which the error in the
first frame is recognized.
[0089] Further, the switch may not operate in the cut-through type
frame routing scheme after the error in the first frame occurs.
That is, the cut-through frame routing scheme supported by the
switch may be stopped. Therefore, the switch may check the frames
received after the time at which the error of the first frame is
recognized, and then obtain the destination MAC addresses of the
frames received after that with performing error check operations
on the received frames.
[0090] The first end node may receive the second frame from the
switch in accordance with the transmission S604 of the switch. The
first end node may identify the occurrence of the error in the
first frame through the reception of the second frame.
Specifically, the first end node may identify the indicator
included in the second frame, and may identify the occurrence of
the error in the first frame through the obtained indicator. That
is, the first end node may recognize that there is an error in the
destination MAC address of the first frame. Alternatively or
additionally, the first end node may receive, from the switch, a
frame including the indicator for requesting transmission of the
third frame obtained by correcting the error of the first
frame.
[0091] After the first end node obtains the indicator for
requesting transmission of the third frame, the first end node may
generate the third frame in which the error of the first frame is
corrected (S606). Here, the first end node may generate the third
frame without receiving the frame containing the indicator
requesting the transmission of the third frame from the switch.
[0092] Thereafter, the first end node may transmit the third frame
to the switch (S607). Thus, the switch may receive the third frame
from the first end node. Then, the switch may perform a check on
whether the third frame is erroneous (S608). The switch may parse a
header of the third frame and check an error of the third frame by
performing a CRC based on a FCS included in a FCS field of the
third frame.
[0093] Thereafter, the switch may obtain a destination MAC address
included in a DA field of the third frame (S609). Then, the switch
may search a port corresponding to the destination MAC address of
the third frame based on the routing table (S610). Then, the switch
may transmit the third frame to the second end node through the
searched port (S611).
[0094] On the other hand, the second end node may receive the third
frame from the switch. Then, the second end node may check whether
or not the third frame is erroneous. The second end node may parse
the header of the third frame and perform a CRC based on the FCS
included in the FCS field of the third frame.
[0095] When the second end node determines that there is no error
in the third frame, the second end node may decode the third frame.
That is, the switch may obtain the data contained in the third
frame through decoding of the third frame. Then, the second end
node may generate a fourth frame indicating that the third frame
has been successfully received and transmit the fourth frame to the
switch.
[0096] As described above, according to the operation method of the
first communication node described with reference to FIG. 6, when a
routing error of a received frame occurs due to an error of a
destination MAC address of the received frame, the switch
supporting the cut-through frame routing scheme may notify a
communication node corresponding to a source address of the
received frame that the destination MAC address of the frame has an
error. In addition, the switch may stop the cut-through frame
routing scheme after the routing error of the frame occurs, perform
checks on errors in frames received after the routing error of the
frame occurs, and then perform the routing of the frames.
[0097] FIG. 7 is a sequence chart illustrating an operation method
of a first communication node in an Ethernet-based vehicle network
according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0098] Referring to FIG. 7, a first communication node may be a
switch or a bridge. In addition, a first end node and a second end
node shown in FIG. 7 may refer to communication nodes connected to
the first communication node. In the below description, the first
communication node may be described as being a switch, for example.
The first communication node may support the cut-through frame
routing scheme, which is the frame routing scheme proposed in the
IEEE 802.1Qcc standard.
[0099] The first end node may transmit a first frame to the switch
(S700). On the other hand, the switch may have at least one port
and may receive the first frame from the first end node, for
example, via a first port among the at least one port.
[0100] Then, the switch may determine a port for transmitting the
first frame received from the first end node. For this, the switch
may obtain a destination MAC address of the first frame (S701).
Here, the switch may obtain the destination MAC address included in
a MAC header of the first frame without checking whether the first
frame is erroneous.
[0101] Then, the switch may search for a port corresponding to the
obtained destination MAC address of the first frame based on the
routing table (S702). That is, the switch may identify a port
corresponding to the destination MAC address of the first frame
among the at least one port of the switch based on the routing
table.
[0102] When a port corresponding to the destination MAC address
exists in the routing table, the switch may transmit the first
frame to the second end node through the corresponding port (S703).
That is, the steps S700 to S703 performed by the switch may mean a
routing process for determining a transmission path of the first
frame.
[0103] For example, the switch may have a first port, a second
port, and a third port, and may receive the first frame from the
first end node through the first port thereof. Then, the switch may
search a port corresponding to the destination MAC address of the
first frame among the second port and the third port based on the
routing table. The switch may then transmit the first frame to the
second end node via the second port if the second port is
identified as the port corresponding to the destination MAC address
of the first frame.
[0104] The second end node may receive the first frame from the
switch. Then, the second end node may check whether or not the
first frame is erroneous (S704). Specifically, the second end node
may perform a CRC based on a FCS of a FCS field included in the
first frame.
[0105] When it is determined that an error exists in the first
frame, the second end node may generate a second frame including an
indicator indicating the occurrence of the error in the first frame
(S705). Here, the occurrence of the error in the first frame may
mean that there is an error in the destination MAC address of the
first frame and the first frame has been transmitted to the second
end node which is a wrong destination.
[0106] Then, the second end node may transmit the generated second
frame to the switch (S706). Here, the second end node may transmit
the second frame to a communication node corresponding to the MAC
address included in the SA field of the first frame, that is, the
communication node corresponding to the source address.
[0107] The switch may receive the second frame from the second end
node. Then, the second frame may be transmitted to the first end
node (S707). Here, the communication node corresponding to the
source address of the first frame may be the first end node. The
second frame transmitted from the switch and the second end node
may indicate that there is an error in the destination MAC address
of the first frame. In addition, the switch may further transmit a
frame including an indicator requesting transmission of an
error-corrected frame in which the error in the first frame is
corrected. Additionally or alternatively, the switch may further
include an indicator in the second frame requesting transmission of
the error-corrected frame of the first frame.
[0108] Here, the second end node may generate a third frame
including an indicator for instructing error checks of the frames
received after that (S708). Thereafter, the second end node may
transmit the generated third frame to the switch (S709). Here, the
indicator for instructing the error checks of the frames included
in the third frame may be an indicator for requesting routing of
frames after performing error checks on the frames transmitted from
the switch. That is, it may have the same meaning as requesting to
stop the cut-through frame routing scheme, which is a current frame
routing scheme of the switch.
[0109] The indicator for instructing the error checks on the frames
may be transmitted as included in the second frame, instead of the
third frame. In other words, the switch may not generate the third
frame, but may include the indicator in the second frame and
transmit it to the switch.
[0110] On the other hand, the switch may receive the third frame
from the second end node. Then, the switch may obtain the indicator
included in the received third frame, and may be informed by the
obtained indicator that the cut-through frame routing scheme is
requested to be stopped. Thus, the switch may perform error check
operations on the frames received after the reception of the third
frame.
[0111] On the other hand, the first end node may receive the second
frame from the switch. The first end node may obtain the indicator
included in the second frame and may identify the occurrence of the
error in the first frame through the obtained indicator. That is,
the first end node may recognize that there is an error in the
destination MAC address of the first frame.
[0112] Then, the first end node may receive the frame including the
indicator for requesting transmission of the error-corrected frame
of the first frame from the switch. The first end node may obtain
the indicator included in the received frame, and may identify that
a fourth frame should be transmitted based on the obtained
indicator. Thereafter, the first end node may generate the fourth
frame in which the error of the first frame is corrected
(S710).
[0113] Then, the first end node may transmit the fourth frame to
the switch (S711). On the other hand, the switch may receive the
fourth frame from the first end node. Then, the switch may check
whether the fourth frame is erroneous (S712). The switch may parse
a header of the fourth frame and check whether the fourth frame is
erroneous by performing a CRC based on a FCS included in a FCS
field of the fourth frame.
[0114] Then, the switch may obtain a destination MAC address
included in a DA field of the fourth frame (S713). Then, the switch
may search a port corresponding to the destination MAC address of
the fourth frame based on the routing table (S714). Then, the
switch may transmit the fourth frame to the second end node through
the searched port (S715).
[0115] On the other hand, the second end node may receive the
fourth frame from the switch. Then, the second end node may check
whether or not the fourth frame is erroneous. The second end node
may parse a header of the fourth frame and perform a CRC based on a
FCS included in a FCS field of the fourth frame.
[0116] Thereafter, when the fourth frame has no error, the second
end node may decode the fourth frame. That is, the second end node
may obtain data included in the fourth frame through decoding of
the fourth frame. Then, the second end node may generate a fifth
frame indicating that the fourth frame has been successfully
received and transmit it to the switch.
[0117] As described above, according to the operation method of the
first communication node described with reference to FIG. 7, the
switch supporting the cut-through frame routing scheme in the
vehicle network may transmit a frame to a communication node which
is a wrong destination due to a routing error of the frame caused
by an error of a destination MAC address in the frame. Here, the
switch may receive a frame indicating that the routing error of the
frame has occurred from the communication node that has received
the frame, and inform the communication node corresponding to a
source address of the frame that there is an error in the
destination MAC address of the frame. In addition, the switch may
stop the cut-through scheme after the routing error of the frame
occurs, perform error checks on frames received after that, and
then perform the routing of the frames.
[0118] The methods according to the embodiments of the present
disclosure may be implemented as program instructions executable by
a variety of computers and recorded on a computer readable medium.
The computer readable medium may include a program instruction, a
data file, a data structure, or a combination thereof. The program
instructions recorded on the computer readable medium may be
designed and configured specifically for the present disclosure or
can be publicly known and available to those who are skilled in the
field of computer software.
[0119] Examples of the computer readable medium may include a
hardware device such as ROM, RAM, and flash memory, which are
specifically configured to store and execute the program
instructions. Examples of the program instructions include machine
codes made by, for example, a compiler, as well as high-level
language codes executable by a computer, using an interpreter. The
above exemplary hardware device can be configured to operate as at
least one software module in order to perform the operation of the
present disclosure, and vice versa.
[0120] While the embodiments of the present disclosure and their
advantages have been described in detail above, it should be
understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations may
be made herein without departing from the scope of the
disclosure.
* * * * *