U.S. patent application number 16/436214 was filed with the patent office on 2019-12-12 for setting device.
The applicant listed for this patent is PROFIL Verbindungstechnik GmbH & Co. KG. Invention is credited to Klaus Irmler, Andreas Lebeau, Benjamin Lesky.
Application Number | 20190374997 16/436214 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 66752000 |
Filed Date | 2019-12-12 |
![](/patent/app/20190374997/US20190374997A1-20191212-D00000.png)
![](/patent/app/20190374997/US20190374997A1-20191212-D00001.png)
![](/patent/app/20190374997/US20190374997A1-20191212-D00002.png)
![](/patent/app/20190374997/US20190374997A1-20191212-D00003.png)
![](/patent/app/20190374997/US20190374997A1-20191212-D00004.png)
![](/patent/app/20190374997/US20190374997A1-20191212-D00005.png)
![](/patent/app/20190374997/US20190374997A1-20191212-D00006.png)
![](/patent/app/20190374997/US20190374997A1-20191212-D00007.png)
![](/patent/app/20190374997/US20190374997A1-20191212-D00008.png)
![](/patent/app/20190374997/US20190374997A1-20191212-D00009.png)
![](/patent/app/20190374997/US20190374997A1-20191212-D00010.png)
View All Diagrams
United States Patent
Application |
20190374997 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Lebeau; Andreas ; et
al. |
December 12, 2019 |
Setting device
Abstract
The present invention relates to a setting device for fastening
an element to a workpiece having a guide device that can be brought
into mechanical contact with the element and that has an axial
hollow space for guiding the element, and having an axially movable
ram for moving the element in a setting direction through the
hollow space of the guide device, wherein the guide device has at
least one first and one second guide element; wherein the guide
elements bound the axial hollow space and are preloaded by means of
a preloading device by a preloading force acting radially inwardly
on the guide element, and wherein a detection device is associated
with the guide device and a presence, position and/or location of
an element in the region of the guide device can be detected by
it.
Inventors: |
Lebeau; Andreas;
(Friedrichsdorf, DE) ; Irmler; Klaus; (Pohlheim,
DE) ; Lesky; Benjamin; (Rosbach vor der Hohe,
DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
PROFIL Verbindungstechnik GmbH & Co. KG |
Friedrichsdorf |
|
DE |
|
|
Family ID: |
66752000 |
Appl. No.: |
16/436214 |
Filed: |
June 10, 2019 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B21J 15/28 20130101;
B21J 9/02 20130101; B21J 15/42 20130101; B23P 19/062 20130101; B25B
23/10 20130101; B21J 15/025 20130101; B21J 9/10 20130101; B21J
15/16 20130101; B21J 15/32 20130101 |
International
Class: |
B21J 15/28 20060101
B21J015/28; B21J 9/10 20060101 B21J009/10; B21J 9/02 20060101
B21J009/02; B21J 15/16 20060101 B21J015/16 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Jun 11, 2018 |
DE |
102018113870.9 |
Claims
1. A setting device for fastening an element to a workpiece, the
setting device comprising: a guide device that can be brought into
mechanical contact with the element and that has an axial hollow
space for guiding the element, and an axially movable ram for
moving the element in a setting direction through the hollow space
of the guide device, wherein the guide device has at least one
first and one second guide element; wherein the first and second
guide elements bound the axial hollow space and are preloaded by
means of a preloading device by a preloading force acting radially
inwardly on at least one guide element, and wherein a detection
device is associated with the guide device and at least one of a
presence, a position and a location of an element in the region of
the guide device can be detected by the detection device.
2. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
detection device has at least one of an electrical principle of
operation, an optical acoustic principle of operation, a magnetic
acoustic principle of operation and an acoustic principle of
operation and/or comprises at least one of a force sensor and a
pressure sensor.
3. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
detection device is at least partly integrated in at least one of
the guide elements; and wherein at least one measurement tap or
sensor of the detection device is arranged in a region of action of
the guide device, viewed in the setting direction.
4. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
detection device comprises a first contact element that is provided
at an inner side of the first guide element and a second contact
element that is provided at an inner side of the second guide
element, with the contact elements being able to be brought at
least sectionally into contact with the element on the movement of
the element through the hollow space, and with an electrical
voltage and/or an electrical contact being able to be applied
between the contact elements by means of the detection device.
5. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
detection device comprises at least one magnetic field sensor.
6. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
detection device comprises at least one measurement coil.
7. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
detection device comprises at least one piezo receiver and/or a
strain gauge by means of which a force can be detected that acts on
at least one of the guide elements and/or that acts between the
guide elements.
8. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
detection device comprises at least one movement sensor or distance
sensor by which a movement of at least one of the guide device and
at least one of the guide elements can be detected.
9. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
detection device comprises at least one sound source and at least
one sound sensor.
10. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
detection device comprises at least one compressed air source and
at least one pressure sensor.
11. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
guide elements are at least partly produced from an electrically
conductive material.
12. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein guide
elements adjacent in the peripheral direction are separated from
one another by at least one interval.
13. The setting device in accordance with claim 12, wherein the
guide elements are connected to one another by at least one
connection element bridging the interval.
14. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
guide elements are electrically insulated from one another.
15. The setting device in accordance with claim 12, wherein a
respective at least one insulation element is arranged in the
interval.
16. The setting device in accordance with claim 12, wherein the
detection device is at least partly arranged in the interval and/or
is integrated in the insulation element.
17. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
preloading device comprises at least one elastic preloading
element.
18. The setting device in accordance with claim 17, wherein the
preloading element is connected to at least one of the insulation
elements.
19. The setting device in accordance with claim 15, wherein at
least one of the preloading element and the insulation element
comprises an elastomer molded to at least one of the guide
elements.
20. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
preloading device has a contact section that is arranged at the
guide device and that projects in at least one section of the guide
device beyond an outer contour of the guide elements in the radial
direction and/or that is arranged at a component of the setting
device at least partly receiving the guide device, with the contact
section projecting radially inwardly; and/or wherein the preloading
device has a separate contact section that is arranged in the
radial direction between the guide device and a component of the
setting device at least partly receiving the guide device with the
contact section forming at least one support point for the radial
support of the guide device.
21. The setting device in accordance with claim 20, wherein the
contact section comprises or is completely produced from an
electrically insulating and/or elastic material.
22. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein the
detection device has at least two detection sections that are
arranged offset from one another in the setting direction and/or in
the peripheral direction.
23. The setting device in accordance with claim 1, wherein a
control device is associated with the detection device; or wherein
the detection device is connected to a control device by which
signals of the detection device can be detected and/or evaluated to
determine at least one of the presence, position and location of
the element in the region of the guide device.
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a setting device for
fastening an element to a workpiece.
[0002] Setting devices are frequently used in the mass production
of workpieces to fasten elements thereto that provide specific
functions. Such elements can, for example, be nut element or pin
elements that serve as fastening points for further components.
Such elements can, for example, be used when fastening elements are
to be applied to sheet metal parts. A typical area of use of such
setting devices is automotive manufacture. However, setting devices
are also widely used in other sectors.
[0003] It is of great importance for the quality of the workpiece
in this respect that the element is fixed to the workpiece reliably
and in a controlled manner. In other words, the element must be
supplied in a reproducible manner and must be pressed against or
into the workpiece. The pressing force required to fix the element
is applied by a ram. To enable an exact delivery and positioning of
the element, the setting device is provided with a guide device
that reliably guides the element in a positionally faithful manner
during the delivery and the pressing. For this purpose, the guide
device has an axial hollow space through which the element is
guided in a setting direction--that is toward the workpiece--by
means of the axially movable ram. The guide device has at least two
guide elements that define the hollow space or bound it in a radial
direction. The guide elements are preloaded by means of a
preloading device that generates a preloading force that acts
radially inwardly on at least one of the guide elements--that is on
a longitudinal axis of the hollow space. This preload provides that
the element can be guided through the hollow space without any
lateral play, which minimizes the risk of a canting of the element.
The at least two guide elements are at least sectionally movable
relative to one another. They are preferably separately formed. It
is, however, also possible in specific cases to configure the guide
elements in one piece with one another, with an (elastic)
bendability of the elements relative to one another being
permitted. Two half-shells can, for example, be thought of in this
connection that are connected to one another (e.g. in one piece) at
one of their respective longitudinal sides and thus form a kind of
clamp or ring with a slit. It is also possible to use a section of
a component of the setting device receiving the guide device as a
guide element and to provide at least one second guide element
inwardly preloaded in the radial direction. On its movement through
the hollow space, the preloaded guide element, for example, presses
the fastening element to be set against a section of an inner
surface of a housing component that receives the guide element.
[0004] Such setting devices are generally known. Malfunctions can,
however, occur; for instance, when the element is not correctly
supplied. Such malfunctions result in defective workpieces and/or
in production downtimes that are associated with substantial
costs.
[0005] It is therefore an object of the present invention to
provide an inexpensive and reliable setting device of the initially
named kind that recognizes malfunctions.
[0006] This object is satisfied by a setting device having the
features of claim 1.
[0007] In accordance with the invention, a detection device is
associated with the guide device and a presence, a position and/or
a location of an element in the region of the guide device can be
detected by it. In other words, the detection device enables the
delivery of the element to be monitored and to determine whether
and where applicable how the element is supplied to the workpiece.
In the case of a malfunction, warning signals can be output at an
early time and/or counter-measures can be initiated (e.g. an
emergency stop or a prevention of a restarting of the setting
process).
[0008] Advantageous further embodiments of the present invention
are set forth in the claims, in the description and in the enclosed
drawings.
[0009] In accordance with an embodiment, the detection device has
an electrical principle of operation, in particular a capacitive,
inductive and/or resistive principle of operation and/or an optical
and/or magnetic and/or acoustic principle of operation and/or
comprises a force sensor and/or a pressure sensor. Different sensor
types and/or detectors can be combined to optimize the detection of
the element.
[0010] The detection device is, for example, at least partly
integrated in at least one of the guide elements. Additionally or
alternatively at least one measurement tap or sensor of the
detection device is arranged in a region of operation of the guide
device viewed in the direction of setting. This enables a direct or
indirect observation of the element in the region of the guide
device.
[0011] The detection device in particular comprises a first contact
element that is provided at an inner side of the first guide
element and a second contact element that is provided at an inner
side of the second guide element, wherein the contact elements can
be brought at least sectionally into contact with the element on
the movement of the element through the hollow space or are in
contact therewith at least at times, and wherein an electrical
voltage and/or an electrical current can be applied between the
contact elements by means of the detection device. A measurement of
the current, of the voltage, or of the resistance between the
contact elements makes it possible to detect the presence--and also
the position or location with a corresponding configuration of the
contact elements--in a simple manner. It is generally possible to
provide more than two contact elements, for example two or more
contact elements per guide element, in particular with the contact
elements being arranged in sections axially offset in the setting
direction and being separately controllable to detect an axial
position, location and/or an axial movement of the element. The
guide elements themselves can form the contact elements, i.e. an
inner surface of the guide elements forms the contact elements.
[0012] The detection device can comprise at least one magnetic
field sensor, in particular a Hall sensor. This enables the
detection of an element having paramagnetic or permanent magnetic
properties. It is also conceivable to provide at least one magnetic
field source (e.g. one or more coils and/or permanent magnets) and
to detect and evaluate the changes of the generated magnetic field
by the presence and/or movement of the element by one or more
magnetic field sensors. With a suitable embodiment of the generated
magnetic field and with a corresponding arrangement of the sensor
or sensors, it is possible to detect an axial position, location
and/or an axial movement of the element. This principle can
generally also be implemented with electrical fields and
corresponding sensors.
[0013] In accordance with a further embodiment, the detection
device comprises at least one measurement coil, in particular with
the measurement coil being arranged coaxially to the hollow space.
The presence of an element changes the inductance of the
measurement coil, which can be easily recognized by known
measurement methods. A time change of the inductance also provides
information on the movement of the element.
[0014] It is also conceivable that the detection device comprises
at least one piezo receiver and/or at least one strain gauge by
means of which a force can be detected that acts on at least one of
the guide elements and/or that acts between the guide elements.
[0015] Additionally or alternatively, the detection device can
comprise at least one movement sensor or distance sensor by which a
movement of the guide device and/or at least one of the guide
elements can be detected, in particular wherein a movement and/or a
distance change of the at least one of the guide elements relative
to a different component of the setting device and/or a movement
and/or a distance change of the guide elements relative to one
another can be detected. It is, for example, possible by means of a
movement sensor to detect the change of an eigen frequency of the
guide device by the presence of the element. An excited vibration
that is deliberately generated by means of a corresponding
vibration source can be provided to implement this measurement
principle. It is, however, also possible to analyze the
oscillations/vibrations occurring in normal operation of the
setting device.
[0016] The detection device can comprise at least one sound source
and at least one sound sensor. The presence or location of the
sensor can be determined by the detection of a change of the sound
pattern and/or by the detection of sound waves reflected at the
element and/or transmitted by the element.
[0017] In accordance with a further embodiment, the detection
device comprises at least one compressed air source and at least
one pressure sensor. Compressed air is, for example, introduced
into the hollow space and a pressure in the region of the hollow
space is determined by means of a pressure sensor. The measured
pressure depends on whether and where applicable where the element
is located in the hollow space. The detection of the element thus
ultimately takes place via a pressure measurement or via an
analysis of the development of the pressure over time.
[0018] In accordance with a simple and robust construction, the
guide elements are at least partly, in particular completely,
produced from an electrically conductive material, preferably from
metal.
[0019] Guide elements that are adjacent in the peripheral direction
are in particular separated from one another by an interval, for
example by a slit.
[0020] The guide elements can be connected to one another by at
least one connection element bridging the interval, in particular
with the connection element comprising an electrical conductor
and/or a pressure sensor, force sensor and/or distance sensor. If
the guide elements are pressed apart by the presence of the
element, an increase in size of the interval can occur that in turn
has an influence on the connection element. This influence
represents a measurement variable whose evaluation enables
statements on the state of the setting device or on the presence
and/or location of the element.
[0021] The guide elements can be electrically insulated from one
another. This is in particular of advantage when the guide elements
(or parts thereof) themselves act as electrical contacts.
[0022] A respective at least one insulation element can be arranged
in the interval, in particular with the insulation element
comprising or being completely produced from an electrically
insulating and/or elastic material. The detection device can be at
least partly arranged in the interval and/or can be integrated in
the insulation element--if present.
[0023] In accordance with a constructionally advantageous
embodiment, the preloading device comprises at least one (at least
sectionally) elastic preloading element (e.g. a preloading element
at least partly, in particular completely, comprising an elastomer)
that surrounds the guide elements at their radial outer sides in
the peripheral direction (in a directly contacting manner or
indirectly). It can, for example, comprise an elastic preloading
element, in particular an annular elastic preloading element, that
is closed in the peripheral direction. The preloading element can
be connected to at least one of the insulation elements. It is
preferably configured in one piece therewith or is molded thereto
(or vice versa).
[0024] The preloading element and/or the insulation element can
comprise an elastomer arranged at at least one of the guide
elements. Such an embodiment can be manufactured inexpensively and
surprisingly delivers a reproducible and sufficiently large
preloading force.
[0025] The preloading device can have a contact section that is
arranged at, in particular fastened or molded to, the guide device
and that projects in at least one section of the guide device in
the radial direction beyond an outer contour of the guide elements
to form a support point for the radial support of the guide device.
Alternatively or additionally, a component of the setting device
receiving the guide device, in particular a housing section, can
have at least one inwardly projecting contact section that is
arranged at, in particular fastened or molded to, the component,
with the contact section forming at least one support point for the
radial support of the guide device. In other words, at least one
elastic contact section is provided that is arranged in the radial
direction between the guide device and a component receiving the
guide device, e.g. between a guide element and a housing section.
The contact section thus provides a radial support of the guide
device. It can also be provided at a preloading element surrounding
the guide elements in the peripheral direction or can itself be
formed by them or can be an independent functional component.
[0026] When the contact section is at least sectionally formed as
elastic, for example comprises an elastomer, it can also provide
the inwardly acting preloading force by a support to the outside.
Each guide element would then preferably be provided with such an
elastic contact section. The contact section can also be provided
at the insulation element(s). The contact section can
also--additionally or alternatively--comprise or be completely
produced from an electrically insulating and/or elastic
material.
[0027] As has already been initially mentioned, the detection
device can have at least two detection sections that are arranged
offset from one another in the setting direction and/or in the
peripheral direction. A conclusion can be drawn on an axial
position and/or location (e.g. tilt) of the element in the guide
device by a suitable control of the sections. The spatial
resolution of the detection device here depends on the number and
positioning of the detection sections and can be selected according
to requirements.
[0028] In accordance with an embodiment, a control device is
associated with the detection device. The detection device can also
be connected to a (higher ranking) control device by which signals
of the detection device can be detected and/or evaluated to
determine the presence, position and/or location of the element in
the region of the guide device. To obtain more exact information on
the progress of the setting of the element, the time progression or
changes of the detected measurement variables can be analyzed.
[0029] The present invention will be explained in the following
purely by way of example with reference to advantageous embodiments
and to the enclosed drawings. There are shown:
[0030] FIG. 1 a setting device in a perspective view;
[0031] FIGS. 2 to 6 a cross-section through the setting device in
accordance with FIG. 1 in different operating states;
[0032] FIG. 7 a cross-section through the setting device in
accordance with FIG. 1 on a malfunction;
[0033] FIG. 8 a cross-section through a base plate of the setting
device with an embodiment of a guide device;
[0034] FIG. 9 the components of the guide device in accordance with
FIG. 8 in an exploded representation;
[0035] FIGS. 10A to 10D a further embodiment of the guide device in
a perspective view, in a cross-section, or in two longitudinal
sections;
[0036] FIG. 11 a further embodiment of the guide device in a
perspective view;
[0037] FIG. 12 an embodiment of the base plate in a perspective
view;
[0038] FIG. 13 a cross-section through the base plate in accordance
with FIG. 12,
[0039] FIGS. 14A to 14D a further embodiment of the guide device in
a perspective view, in a cross-section, or in two longitudinal
sections;
[0040] FIGS. 15A to 15D a further embodiment of the guide device in
a perspective view, in a cross-section, or in two longitudinal
sections;
[0041] FIGS. 16 to 18 further embodiments of the guide device;
[0042] FIG. 19 an embodiment of the guide element; and
[0043] FIGS. 20 to 22 further embodiments of the guide device.
[0044] FIG. 1 shows a setting device 10 in a perspective view. It
comprises a guide housing 12 and a guide plate 14. The setting
device 10 has a sensor 16 by which it can be monitored whether the
setting device 10 is in a closed state or in an open state. A base
plate 18 is arranged at the guide plate 14 and can be brought into
contact with a workpiece to fasten a fastening element to it.
[0045] FIG. 2 shows a cross-section through a part of the guide
plate 14 and through the base plate 18. The guide plate 14 has a
supply passage 20 by which the fastening element 22 to be fastened
to the workpiece can be brought into a position from where it can
be pressed toward and into the workpiece by a ram or plunger 24
movable in a setting direction S. A starting situation/position is
shown in FIG. 2 in which the element 22 is clamped by means of
holding fingers. The setting device 10 is open and the element 22
can be processed. The base plate 18 has already been brought into
contact with a surface of a workpiece 36 to which the element 22
should be fastened. It is understood that the workpiece 36 that is
shown as a sheet metal part by way of example can also be
differently configured. The same applies to the element 22.
[0046] In FIG. 3, starting from the starting situation, the element
22 is pressed by the ram 24 into a passage-like axial hollow space
26 of a guide device 28 of the base plate 18. The holding fingers
are pressed back in this process.
[0047] The guide device 28 comprises a plurality of guide segments
30A, 30B. The segments 30A, 30B are separate components that are
divided from one another by a slit 39, that each have a
cross-section like a segment of a circle, and that are arranged
such that they bound the hollow space 26 in the peripheral
direction. They are preloaded by a preloading device not shown in
detail in a direction toward a longitudinal axis 32H of the hollow
space 26 that is arranged coaxially with a longitudinal axis 32S of
the ram 24, that is radially inwardly. As soon as the element 22
enters into the hollow space 26, the segments 30A, 30B are urged
outwardly against the preloading force generated by the preloading
device.
[0048] FIG. 4 shows how the element 22 is pushed through the hollow
space 26 of the guide device 28. In this respect, a peripheral
surface 34 of the element 22 cooperates with the segments 30A, 30B.
A reliable guidance of the element 22 is ensured by the preloading
force since the risk of a tilting or canting of the element 22 is
minimized.
[0049] FIG. 5 shows how the element 22 is pressed into the only
indicated workpiece 36. The element 22 is a self-piercing element.
For reasons of simplicity, a shaping of a rivet section 38 of the
element 22 is not shown that can be effected by the action of a
die, not shown. For example, the shaped rivet section 38 engages
behind the workpiece 38 at its rear side. A slug, not shown, has
been removed. It is pointed out for reasons of completeness that
the setting device 10 can generally also be used with
non-self-piercing elements 22. The workpiece 36 is then prepunched
in a suitable manner.
[0050] FIG. 6 shows the "normal case". After the fastening of the
element 22 to the workpiece 36, the setting device 10 is removed
from it and brought into a new setting position. This can be done
by a movement of the setting device 10 or by a movement of the
workpiece 36. Both the setting device 10 and the workpiece 36 can
also be moved or a new workpiece 36 can be delivered. A new element
22 has already been brought into the starting position that has
also already been shown in FIG. 2.
[0051] FIG. 7 shows a malfunction of the setting device 10. The
first element 22 is still in the region of the guide device 28, for
example because it has canted there, and blocks the hollow space
provided to guide the element 22. The second element 22 already
brought into the starting position would now be pressed against the
first element 22 by the ram 24, which would very likely have the
consequence of damage to the setting device 10, in particular to
the guide device 28.
[0052] To recognize this malfunction, a detection device is
provided by means of which the presence of an element 22 in the
hollow space 26 can be detected. An embodiment of such a detection
device is shown in FIG. 8. It is integrated in the guide device 28
whose components are shown in an exploded representation in FIG.
9.
[0053] The guide device 28 comprises four guide segments 30A, 30B,
30C, 30D (preferably composed of metal) that each form a peripheral
section of the hollow space 26. They are separated from one another
by insulating pins 40 that are arranged in slits 39 provided
between adjacent guide segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30C (see e.g. FIGS.
3, 10A, 10B). The insulating pins 40 can comprise an elastomer.
They electrically insulate adjacent segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D and
enable a relative movement of the segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D due
to their elastic properties. Elastic rings 42A, 42B, 42C (e.g. 0
rings) are provided to generate the initially described preload of
the segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D. They are disposed in
correspondingly dimensioned grooves 44. The segments 30A, 30B, 30C,
30D are radially inwardly preloaded toward the elastic insulating
pins 40 by the rings 42A, 42B, 42C. The rings 42A, 42B, 42C are
stretched by an introduction of an element 22 into the hollow space
26. A force acting in a radial direction on the element 22 is
ultimately thereby generated that stabilizes the location of the
element 22.
[0054] As can be seen in FIG. 8, the electrically conductive
segments 30A and 30B are connected to electrical conductors 46A,
46B. They permit a voltage to be applied between the elements 30A,
30B by means of a control device. If the element 22 is electrically
conductive, it short circuits the segments 30A, 30B as soon as it
enters into the hollow space 26 so that a current can flow, which
is detected by the control device. It is generally also possible to
determine the presence of the element 22 in an analog manner via a
resistance measurement or via other electrical parameters.
[0055] Four segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D are provided in the
embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 and two of them (30A and 30B) act
as electrical contacts. It is understood that the number of guide
segments provided and the kind of contacting (e.g. contact pairing)
can be selected as required. It is furthermore possible not to use
individual guide segments themselves as electrical contacts, but
rather only to provide sections of one of the segments or a
plurality of segments with electrical contacts.
[0056] An axial support of the guide device 28 or of the segments
30A, 30B, 30C, 30D in a housing 18A of the plate 18 takes place via
an electrically insulating support ring 45.
[0057] A radial support can take place via the rings 42A, 42C since
they project out of the grooves 44 in part and thus project over
the segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D in the radial direction.
[0058] FIGS. 10A to 10D show a further embodiment of the guide
device 28, wherein FIG. 10A is a perspective view and FIGS. 10B to
10D are transverse sections or longitudinal sections. The rings
42A, 42B, 42C and in the insulating pins 40 are formed in one
piece. They can also only be connected to one another or can be
separate components. In accordance with a particularly simple
embodiment, the above-named components are molded to the segments
30A, 30B, 30C, 30D. Preferred materials from which said components
can be formed are elastically deformable plastics, in particular
elastomers. They are, for example, obtained by vulcanization of a
thermoplastic natural rubber or of a synthetic rubber.
[0059] It can in particular be seen from FIGS. 10A and 10D that the
segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D are provided at their respective upper
sides with recesses 48A or 48B that enable an axial fixing of the
segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, which will be explained in more detail
in the following.
[0060] FIG. 11 shows an alternative embodiment of the guide device
28. Insulating pins 40 are provided here that extend between the
rings 42A, 42C in the axial direction, but do not project beyond
them in the axial direction. The slits 39 are therefore only partly
filled. Unlike what is shown, these components can be configured in
one piece. The ring 42B disposed between the rings 42A, 42C in the
axial direction has a substantially square basic shape and engages
around the insulating pins 40 from the outside to generate an
additional preload.
[0061] FIG. 12 shows the guide device 28 of FIG. 11 in a state
assembled in the base plate 18. The conductors 46A, 46B are
connected to a control device not shown in any more detail via a
multipoint plug 50. An electrical connection to the guide plate 14
(see conductor 46C) is also established via the plug 50. The
segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D are fixed in the housing 18A of the
base plate 18 from above by a fixing element 52 and a supply rail
54. The supply rail 54 forms a part of the passage 20 (see FIG.
2).
[0062] FIG. 13 shows the base plate 18 in a sectional view. The
axial fixing of the guide device 28 by the fixing element 52 and by
the supply rail 54 can be recognized. The fixing element 52 is
produced from insulating material and can therefore be in direct
contact with the segment 30A. It is screwed to the housing 18A by
means of a screw 56. The supply rail 54 that plays a role in the
delivering of the element 22 into the starting position is, in
contrast, insulated with respect to the segment 30B by means of an
insulating plate 58. The fixing element 52 and the supply rail 54
engage into the recesses 48A and 48B respectively. The components
52, 54 can be composed of plastic.
[0063] FIGS. 14A to 14D show a further embodiment of the guide
device 28, wherein FIG. 14A is a perspective view and FIGS. 14B to
14D are transverse sections or longitudinal sections. Instead of
the insulating pins 40 of the embodiments in accordance with FIGS.
8, 9, and 10A to 10D having a substantially circular cross-section,
insulating pins 40 having an approximately trapezoid cross-section
are arranged in the slits 39 between adjacent segments 30A, 30B,
30C, 30D. The insulating pins 40 project in the radial direction
outwardly beyond the segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D so that they
enable a support of the guide device 28 in the housing 18A. In
other words, the insulating pins 40 not only serve for the
electrical insulation of the segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D with
respect to one another, but also for their radial support. The
elastic properties of the insulating pins 40 provide--with a
suitable dimensioning of the radial overhang--the desired preload
on the segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D. The radial inner sides of the
insulating pins 40 are set back with respect to the inner sides of
the segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D in order not to impede the movement
of the element 22 through the hollow space 26. The insulating pins
40 can be separate components or can be molded to the segments 30A,
30B, 30C, 30D. They preferably comprise elastomer.
[0064] The concept of providing a preloading device by elements
projecting outwardly in the radial direction and having elastic
properties can generally also be implemented in isolation from the
insulating pins 40. It is, for example--additionally or
alternatively--possible to provide or mold elastic abutment
sections that are supported in the housing 18A at the outer sides
of the segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D. Conversely--additionally or
alternatively--elastic contact sections that project radially
inwardly can also be provided at the housing 18A and serve for the
radial support of the guide device 28. The contact sections can be
fastened to the guide device 28 and/or to the housing 18A or can
molded thereto or can be separate components.
[0065] FIGS. 15A to 15D show a further embodiment of the guide
device 28, wherein FIG. 15A is a perspective view and FIGS. 15B to
15D are transverse sections or longitudinal sections. Instead of
the segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30D, segments 30A, 30B, 30C, 30C',
300'', 30D, 30D', 30D'' are provided between which an insulating
pin 40 is respectively arranged in a corresponding slit 39. This
shows that in general any desired number of guide segments can be
provided to take account of the respectively present demands in the
best possible manner. The same applies to the number and to the
configuration of the insulating pins. They can completely or also
only partly fill the intervals between the guide segments and can
generally have any desired configuration (e.g. cross-sectional
geometry) according to requirements.
[0066] FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of the guide device 26 in which
the segment 30B (as in the above-described embodiments) is directly
connected to a conductor 46B. If an element 22 is introduced into
the hollow space 26, it presses the segments 30A, 30B apart against
the preload generated by the rings 42. A contact point 59A that is
provided at the segment 30A thereby comes into contact with a
contact point 59B that is provided at the housing 18A. The housing
18A is in turn connected to the conductor 46A. A circuit is thus
also closed by the element 22 in this case, but with a minimal
relative movement of the segments 30A, 30B fixed by a spacing of
the contact points 59A, 59B in a base state having to be added to
finally effect the closing of the circuit.
[0067] FIG. 17 shows a detection device in which the segment 30A
has a plurality of detector elements 60--for example contact
surfaces--that are each connected to one another pairwise. If the
element 22 is in a position in which the two contact surfaces 60 of
a connected pair are in contact with it, a circuit is again closed,
which enables a determination of the position of the element 22 in
the hollow space 26. This situation is illustrated in FIG. 17 by
way of example with reference to the location of the element 22 by
which the two topmost detector elements 60 are short circuited.
[0068] Instead of the contact points 60, other sensors and/or
signal sources can also be provided that also do not necessarily
have to be functionally coupled to one another pairwise. Sound
sources and sound sensors can, for example, be provided that detect
a reflection of sound waves at the element 22. The detector
elements 60 can also be movement sensors or vibration sensors to
detect changes of the oscillation/vibration pattern or of the eigen
vibration of the guide device 28 or of the base plate 18 (the
elements 60--or at least one element 60--can then also be attached
to the housing 18A inwardly or outwardly) that is caused by the
presence/location/position of an element 22 in the hollow space.
The detector elements 60 can also be optical or magnetic sensors or
pressure sensors or sensors of a different type (e.g. embedded
measurement coils).
[0069] FIG. 18 shows a further embodiment of the guide device 28.
Detector elements 60 are here provided both at the segment 30A and
at the segment 30B. They can, for example, be coupled to one
another such that oppositely disposed detector elements 60 form a
pair that serves for the generation of a signal (e.g. a contact
surface pair or a transmitter/receiver pair). It is, however, also
possible to control and/or to monitor the individual elements 60
individually or in groups to obtain a more exact image of the
position of the element 22 and/or of its location in space. A
tilted element 22 was drawn by way of example in FIG. 18 that
contacts two detector elements/contact surfaces 60 that are not
disposed opposite one another due to the location of said element
22 and thus closes a circuit between these elements 60, which is
recognized by the control device and is interpreted as a
malfunction.
[0070] FIG. 19 shows a plan view of a guide segment 30A having a
plurality of detector elements 60 that are not only arranged
distributed in an axial direction (cf. setting direction S), but
also in a peripheral direction.
[0071] It becomes clear from FIGS. 17 to 19 that a number,
arrangement, and functional grouping of detector elements 60 can be
selected absolutely as required (in particular with respect to the
desired spatial resolution of the element detection). The type of
detector elements used (inter alia electrical measurement--e.g.
voltage, current, resistance--measurement of acoustic signals,
measurement of vibrations and/or movements and/or of spacings,
measurement of optical signals, measurement of mechanical
parameters--e.g. pressure and/or strain) is also generally freely
selectable. Different detector types can also be combined to
provide a detection device suitable for the respective
application.
[0072] FIG. 20 shows an embodiment of a detection device that is
based on the measurement of a spacing change between the segments
30A, 30B. For this purpose, a connection element 61 is provided
that serves as a measurement device, that bridges the slit 39, and
that connects the two segments 30A, 30B to one another. It can, for
example, be an electrical conductor whose electrical properties are
influenced by a length change or it can be a strain gauge.
[0073] It is also possible to additionally or alternatively detect
and evaluate a change of the spacing between the segments 30A, 30B
and the housing 18A. For this purpose, for example, distance
sensors 62 (e.g. capacitive sensors) are provided that are shown in
FIG. 21. Additionally or alternatively to the distance sensors 62,
strain gauges or piezo receivers can also be provided.
[0074] FIG. 22 shows a detection device that is based on the
measurement of a pressure in the region of the guide device 28.
Compressed air is introduced into the hollow space 26 for this
purpose (see arrow D). The pressure adopted is measured at one or
more points in the housing 18A, in particular in or adjacent to the
hollow space 26, by means of corresponding pressure sensors 64. The
pressure adopted at the one measurement point or at the plurality
of measurement points inter alia depends on whether and where
applicable where an element 22 is located in the hollow space
26.
REFERENCE NUMERAL LIST
[0075] 10 setting device
[0076] 12 guide housing
[0077] 14 guide plate
[0078] 16 sensor
[0079] 18 base plate
[0080] 20 supply channel
[0081] 22 fastening element
[0082] 24 plunger or ram
[0083] 26 hollow space
[0084] 28 guide device
[0085] 30A, 30B, 30C,
[0086] 30C', 300'', 30D,
[0087] 30D', 30D'' guide segment
[0088] 32H, 32S longitudinal axis
[0089] 34 peripheral surface
[0090] 36 workpiece
[0091] 38 rivet section
[0092] 39 slit
[0093] 40 insulating pin
[0094] 42, 42A, 42B, 42C ring
[0095] 44 groove
[0096] 45 support ring
[0097] 46A, 46B conductor
[0098] 48A, 48B recess
[0099] 50 plug
[0100] 52 fixing element
[0101] 54 supply rail
[0102] 56 screw
[0103] 58 insulating plate
[0104] 59A, 59B contact point
[0105] 60 detector element
[0106] 61 connection element
[0107] 62 distance sensor
[0108] 64 pressure sensor
[0109] S setting direction
[0110] D compressed air
* * * * *