U.S. patent application number 16/265967 was filed with the patent office on 2019-10-03 for fabric.
The applicant listed for this patent is Honda Motor Co., Ltd., TB Kawashima Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Tatsuya FUKUI, Rie HAYASHI, Chika NEMOTO, Kohei OHARA, Takayuki OISHI.
Application Number | 20190301082 16/265967 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 67644817 |
Filed Date | 2019-10-03 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20190301082 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
HAYASHI; Rie ; et
al. |
October 3, 2019 |
FABRIC
Abstract
Provided is a fabric that has an excellent deodorant property
and is less likely to generate water spots. A fabric (1) according
to the present invention includes, on one surface thereof, a first
coating layer (2) containing a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent
agent and a second coating layer (3) containing a deodorant, the
first coating layer (2) containing the fluorinated water-and-oil
repellent agent in an amount per unit area of the fabric of 1.3 to
5.0 g/m.sup.2, and the first coating layer (2) existing between the
fabric (1) and the second coating layer (3).
Inventors: |
HAYASHI; Rie; (Saitama,
JP) ; NEMOTO; Chika; (Saitama, JP) ; OHARA;
Kohei; (Shiga, JP) ; OISHI; Takayuki; (Shiga,
JP) ; FUKUI; Tatsuya; (Shiga, JP) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
TB Kawashima Co., Ltd. |
Tokyo
Shiga |
|
JP
JP |
|
|
Family ID: |
67644817 |
Appl. No.: |
16/265967 |
Filed: |
February 1, 2019 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06N 3/0059 20130101;
D06N 3/047 20130101; D06N 2209/142 20130101; D06N 2209/067
20130101; D06N 3/0063 20130101; D06N 2209/147 20130101; D06N 3/042
20130101; D06N 2209/145 20130101; D06N 3/0036 20130101; D06N
2209/165 20130101 |
International
Class: |
D06N 3/00 20060101
D06N003/00; D06N 3/04 20060101 D06N003/04 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Feb 15, 2018 |
JP |
2018-024746 |
Claims
1. A fabric comprising, on one surface thereof, a first coating
layer containing a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent and a
second coating layer containing a deodorant, the first coating
layer containing the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent in
an amount per unit area of the fabric of 1.3 to 5.0 g/m.sup.2, and
the first coating layer existing between the fabric and the second
coating layer.
2. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the first and second
coating layers are formed on a rear surface of the fabric.
3. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the second coating
layer further contains a flame retardant.
4. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is a fabric
impregnated with a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent.
5. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the first coating layer
further contains a flame retardant and a binder resin contained in
the first coating layer is an acrylic resin.
6. The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the second coating
layer further contains a flame retardant.
7. The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the fabric is a fabric
impregnated with a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent.
8. The fabric according to claim 3, wherein the fabric is a fabric
impregnated with a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent.
9. The fabric according to claim 6, wherein the fabric is a fabric
impregnated with a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent.
10. The fabric according to claim 2, wherein the first coating
layer further contains a flame retardant and a binder resin
contained in the first coating layer is an acrylic resin.
11. The fabric according to claim 3, wherein the first coating
layer further contains a flame retardant and a binder resin
contained in the first coating layer is an acrylic resin.
12. The fabric according to claim 6, wherein the first coating
layer further contains a flame retardant and a binder resin
contained in the first coating layer is an acrylic resin.
13. The fabric according to claim 4, wherein the first coating
layer further contains a flame retardant and a binder resin
contained in the first coating layer is an acrylic resin.
14. The fabric according to claim 7, wherein the first coating
layer further contains a flame retardant and a binder resin
contained in the first coating layer is an acrylic resin.
15. The fabric according to claim 8, wherein the first coating
layer further contains a flame retardant and a binder resin
contained in the first coating layer is an acrylic resin.
16. The fabric according to claim 9, wherein the first coating
layer further contains a flame retardant and a binder resin
contained in the first coating layer is an acrylic resin.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE
Field of the Disclosure
[0001] The present invention relates to a functional fabric. More
specifically, the present invention relates to a fabric that has
deodorant performance and is less likely to generate water
spots.
Description of the Related Art
[0002] One of functions required of a fabric is deodorant
performance. Particularly, a fabric used for interior of, for
example, cars, ships, and airplanes (for example, a fabric used for
a seat of vehicles such as a car and for trim members such as a
door lining) is used in an enclosed space to allow an odor on the
fabric to remain in the space. Also, it is difficult to wash or
clean such a fabric, and therefore, an odor once stuck to the
fabric is less likely to be removed.
[0003] Therefore, the fabric may be coated with a coating
composition containing a deodorant to impart deodorant performance
to the fabric. For example, JP-A-2008-56901 discloses a fabric
having a deodorant property and flame retardancy.
[0004] Coating a fabric with a coating composition containing a
deodorant is capable of imparting deodorant performance to the
fabric, whereas the fabric has a problem of being easily discolored
by, for example, hot water or water spilled thereon and not
returning to the original color even when dried (that is, the
fabric is likely to generate water spots).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0005] An object of the present invention is to solve the above
problems and to provide a fabric that has excellent deodorant
performance and is less likely to generate water spots.
[0006] As a result of repetitive studies to solve the above
problems, the present inventors have succeeded in solving the
problems by forming, on one surface of a fabric, a coating layer
(first coating layer) containing a prescribed amount of a
fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent and further forming, on
the coating layer, a coating layer (second coating layer)
containing a deodorant.
[0007] That is, a fabric according to the present invention
includes, on one surface (in particular, a rear surface) thereof a
first coating layer containing a fluorinated water-and-oil
repellent agent and a second coating layer containing a
deodorant,
[0008] the first coating layer containing the fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent agent in an amount per unit area of the
fabric of 1.3 to 5.0 g/m.sup.2, and
[0009] the first coating layer existing between the fabric and the
second coating layer.
[0010] As described above, coating one surface of a fabric with a
composition containing a deodorant is capable of imparting a
deodorant property to the fabric but makes the fabric likely to
generate water spots. Even when a water-and-oil repellent agent is
added to the coating composition containing a deodorant and thereby
a coating layer is formed, the degree of water spots is not
sufficiently improved.
[0011] In the present invention, however, on one surface of a
fabric (in particular, a rear surface of a fabric) are disposed a
water-and-oil repellent coating layer and a deodorant coating layer
in the order, from the fabric, of the water-and-oil repellent
coating layer (first coating layer) and the deodorant coating layer
(second coating layer), and the amount of a fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent agent contained in the first coating layer
is set at a prescribed amount, to succeed in manufacturing a fabric
that has an excellent deodorant property (odor reducing property)
and is less likely to generate water spots.
[0012] The second coating layer preferably further contains a flame
retardant. Addition of a flame retardant to the second coating
layer is capable of enhancing flame retardancy of the fabric.
[0013] Further, the fabric is preferably a fabric impregnated with
a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent. Impregnation of the
fabric with a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent is capable
of imparting high stain resistance against oil and moisture to the
fabric.
[0014] Further, it is preferable that the first coating layer
further contains a flame retardant and a binder resin contained in
the first coating layer is an acrylic resin.
[0015] Use of an acrylic resin as the binder resin (base resin) of
the first coating layer is capable of improving texture of the
fabric, and addition of a flame retardant to the first coating
layer is capable of further enhancing the flame retardancy.
[0016] According to the present invention, it is possible to
provide a fabric that has a high deodorant property and is less
likely to generate water spots.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
[0017] FIGS. 1a and 1b are views that show a fabric according to
the present invention, with FIG. 1a showing a fabric 1 that
includes, on a rear side thereof, a first coating layer 2 (a
coating layer containing a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent
agent) and a second coating layer 3 (a coating layer containing a
deodorant), and FIG. 1b showing a fabric having a foam material
sheet 4 further fixed thereto.
DETAILED EXPLANATION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0018] A fabric according to the present invention includes, on one
surface (in particular, a rear surface) thereof, a fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent coating layer and a deodorant coating
layer, in which the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent coating
layer is disposed between the fabric and the deodorant coating
layer.
[0019] As regards the degree of "deodorant property" in the present
invention, the fabric has, as shown in the section of Examples, a
4-hour-later deodorization rate (odor reduction rate) of preferably
80% or more, (more preferably 85% or more, further preferably 90%
or more) for each of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and acetaldehyde.
Particularly, preferable is a fabric having a 4-hour-later
deodorization rate of 90% or more, (in particular, 95% or more) for
each of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide and a 4-hour-later
deodorization rate of 85% or more (in particular 90% or more) for
acetaldehyde.
[0020] As the degree of "water spots" of the fabric in the present
invention, it is preferable as shown in the section of Examples
that the fabric achieves grade 4 or higher in rating of water spots
on a front surface of the fabric that is performed 24 hours after 4
mL of distilled water at 80.degree. C. was dropped onto the front
surface, a rear surface of the fabric is not wet, and the fabric
achieves grade 4 or higher in rating of water spots on the rear
surface of the fabric.
[0021] Further, the fabric according to the present invention
preferably has flame retardancy. Specifically, it is preferable
that in a test performed in accordance with "Flammability of
Interior Materials" specified in Federal Motor-Vehicle Safety
Standard (FMVSS), the fabric is evaluated as "N" that is given when
the fabric is not ignited even with 15-second flame application or
when the fabric is ignited with the flame application but the flame
is extinguished before crossing the marked line A (burning rate
measuring start line), or the fabric is ignited with the flame
application but has a burning rate of 101 mm/min or less after the
flame crosses the marked line A. Particularly, the fabric is
preferably evaluated as "N."
[0022] Further, the fabric according to the present invention
preferably has stain resistance. More specifically, the fabric
preferably has no oil stain on front and rear surfaces of the
fabric and on a soft wipe after 24 hours at 83.degree. C. in a
salad oil stain resistance test described in the section of
Examples.
[0023] Further, the fabric according to the present invention
preferably has good texture (the fabric is soft). Specifically, the
fabric preferably has a vertical stiffness of 80 mm or less, in
particular, 70 mm or less in a stiffness test indicated in the
section of Examples.
[0024] A ground fabric used in the present invention is preferably
a polyester fabric high in flame retardancy.
[0025] The polyester fabric in the present invention means a fabric
containing polyester fiber, and may be not only a woven fabric, a
knitted fabric, and a nonwoven fabric composed of polyester fiber
alone but also any of a blended fabric, an interknitted fabric, and
the like containing polyester fiber and other fibers (natural
fibers such as cotton and wool, or chemical fibers such as a
polyamide, rayon, and acrylic) in combination. The proportion of
the polyester fiber in fibers constituting the fabric is preferably
60% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more,
particularly preferably 80% by weight or more, further preferably
90% by weight or more. Particularly preferable is a fabric that is
composed of polyester fiber and has a thickness of 0.2 to 3.0 mm
(basis weight: 100 to 700 g/m.sup.2), in particular, a thickness of
0.4 to 2.6 mm (basis weight: 200 to 500 g/m.sup.2).
[0026] The ground fabric used in the present invention is
preferably a fabric impregnated with a fluorinated water-and-oil
repellent agent. The fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent is a
compound that has a fluoroalkyl group obtained by substituting all
or a part of hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon group with a fluorine
atom(s). In the present invention, particularly, a polymer is
preferably used that contains a monomer having a perfluoroalkyl
group. From a viewpoint of environmental preservation and safety,
the perfluoroalkyl group preferably has 6 carbon atoms. Examples of
the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent that can be used in
the present invention include a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent
agent sold under the name of AsahiGuard E-SERIES from AGC Inc. and
a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent sold under the name of
NK GUARD S Series from NICCA CHEMICAL CO., LTD.
[0027] The fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent used for
immersing the fabric may be one agent or a plurality of agents (for
example, two to three agents).
[0028] In the present invention, "the fabric impregnated with the
fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent" means a fabric having
the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent attached not only to
a surface thereof but also to fibers therein.
[0029] As a method of impregnating the polyester fabric with the
fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent, it is possible to employ
an immersion treatment generally called a padding treatment or a
dip-nip treatment. For example, it is possible to obtain the fabric
impregnated with the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent by
preparing an aqueous treatment liquid containing the fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent agent(s) (solid content) in an amount of
1.0 to 5.0% by weight, more preferably 1.5 to 3.5% by weight,
immersing the polyester fabric in the treatment liquid (for
example, 2 to 5 minutes) and squeezing the fabric with, for
example, rollers (mangles) to make the entire fabric contain the
treatment liquid, and then drying the fabric. Appropriate dry
conditions are, for example, 110 to 170.degree. C., in particular,
120 to 160.degree. C. for about 1 to 5 minutes.
[0030] The amount of the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent
agent(s) impregnated into the fabric by this stain resistant finish
can be calculated by the concentration of the fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent agent(s) in the treatment liquid and the
squeezing rate. The impregnated amount, per unit area of the
fabric, of the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent(s)
contained in the dried fabric is appropriately 2.0 g/m.sup.2 to 8.0
g/m.sup.2, more preferably 3.0 g/m.sup.2 to 7.0 g/m.sup.2,
particularly preferably 4.0 g/m.sup.2 to 6.5 g/m.sup.2.
[0031] In the present invention, a coating layer (first coating
layer) containing a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent is
formed on one (in particular, a rear surface) of surfaces of the
ground fabric having the stain resistant finish optionally
performed thereon. As the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent
in the first coating layer, it is possible to use those described
above as the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent used in the
immersion treatment. A fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent
may be used that is the same or different from that used in the
immersion treatment. One fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent
may be used alone or a plurality of fluorinated water-and-oil
repellent agents may be used in combination.
[0032] The content, per unit area of the fabric, of the fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent agent(s) contained in the first coating
layer is preferably 1.3 g/m.sup.2 to 5.0 g/m.sup.2. With the amount
of the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent being excessively
small, water spots are likely to be generated, while with the
amount of the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent being
excessively large, the flame retardancy tends to be decreased. The
content, per unit area of the fabric, of the fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent agent(s) is more preferably 1.5 g/m.sup.2
to 4.5 g/m.sup.2.
[0033] The first coating layer may contain one or two or more flame
retardants. The flame retardant that can be used in the first
coating layer is preferably a phosphorus flame retardant having a
solubility in water at 20.degree. C. of 4% (4 g/100 g of water) or
less. As the phosphorus flame retardant, a flame retardant is
exemplified that is selected from the group consisting of
phosphonic acid esters, phosphoric acid amides, phosphoric acid
ester amides, aromatic phosphoric acid esters, and
halogen-containing phosphoric acid esters. Particularly, an organic
phosphorus flame retardant is preferable. One example of a
preferable flame retardant is a phosphonic acid ester-based flame
retardant and/or melamine phosphate.
[0034] In the present invention, a second coating layer containing
at least one deodorant is formed on the first coating layer formed
on one (in particular, a rear surface) of surfaces of the fabric.
As the deodorant used for the second coating layer, it is
preferable to use inert inorganic porous particles (carriers)
supporting a deodorant component. Such inorganic porous particles
supporting a deodorant component are capable of preventing pieces
of the deodorant component from directly contacting with each other
or the deodorant component from being inhibited due to existence of
a flame retardant. For example, it is desirable to use, an amine
compound, a metal compound, or cyclodextrin each supported by a
different carrier. Useful as the carrier are, for example, silica,
a silica-alumina composite, and a layered double hydroxide.
[0035] As the amine compound, it is preferable to use a compound
having a primary amine group in its molecule, such as a hydrazine
compound that is particularly effective for adsorbing, for example,
formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetic acid. Examples of the
hydrazine compound include adipic acid dihydrazide, azelaic acid
dihydrazide, succinic acid dihydrazide, glutaric acid dihydrazide,
oxalic acid dihydrazide, suberic acid dihydrazide, sebacic acid
dihydrazide, dodecanedioic acid dihydrazide, pimelic acid
dihydrazide, malonic acid dihydrazide, isophthalic acid
dihydrazide, terephthalic acid dihydrazide, and polyacrylic acid
dihydrazide.
[0036] Examples of the metal compound include metal compounds
containing zinc or copper that exhibits a deodorant effect of
deodorizing hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans, such as an oxide, a
hydroxide, a chloride, a sulfate, an acetate, and a citrate of zinc
or copper. For example, zinc silicate and zinc oxide are
particularly useful.
[0037] The content, per unit area of the fabric, of the
deodorant(s) contained in the second coating layer is preferably 5
g/m.sup.2 to 20 g/m.sup.2, more preferably 7 g/m.sup.2 to 15
g/m.sup.2, particularly preferably 8 g/m.sup.2 to 13 g/m.sup.2.
[0038] The flame retardant contained in the second coating layer is
preferably substantially free of halogen. Particularly, it is
preferable to use a flame retardant having a surface thereof
treated with silicone or having a low solubility in water such that
functionality of the flame retardant is not impaired by combination
use with the deodorant, and particularly, useful are
silicone-coated ammonium polyphosphate or a metal
dialkylphosphinate. As regards the metal dialkylphosphinate,
exemplified as an alkyl group are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl,
isopropyl, n-butyl, tertiary butyl, n-pentyl, and/or phenyl, and
exemplified as a metal is aluminum, magnesium, calcium, titanium,
zinc, tin, or zirconium. Aluminum diethylphosphinate is
particularly preferable.
[0039] "The flame retardant substantially free of halogen" means
that the flame retardant may contain a halogen in as small an
amount as recognized as an impurity or within a range not to impair
the effects of the present invention.
[0040] The content, per unit area of the fabric, of the flame
retardant(s) contained in the second coating layer is preferably 15
g/m.sup.2 to 45 g/m.sup.2, more preferably 20 g/m.sup.2 to 40
g/m.sup.2, particularly preferably 25 g/m.sup.2 to 37
g/m.sup.2.
[0041] Addition of a water-and-oil repellent agent to the second
coating layer decreases peeling strength between the fabric and a
foam material sheet when the foam material sheet is fixed to the
fabric (see FIG. 1b), so that the second coating layer is better
off being substantially free of water-and-oil repellent agents (the
content, per unit area of the fabric, of a water-and-oil repellent
agent contained in the second coating layer is preferably less than
0.1 g/m.sup.2, more preferably 0 g/m.sup.2).
[0042] Compositions for forming the first and second coating layers
of the present invention contain a binder that attaches (fix) the
fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent or the deodorant to the
fabric. Examples of a preferable binder include a polyester resin,
an acrylic resin, and a urethane resin. It is preferable to use a
polyester resin when the flame retardancy is emphasized, while it
is preferable to use an acrylic resin when costs or texture is
emphasized.
[0043] As the polyester resin, the acrylic resin, and the urethane
resin, it is possible to use commercially available polyester
resins, acrylic resins, and urethane resins that are used as
binders for a usual fabric coating composition.
[0044] Particularly, each binder is desirably a soft binder. The
acrylic resin desirably has a glass-transition temperature (Tg) of
-30.degree. C. to -45.degree. C., and the urethane resin desirably
has a minimum film forming temperature (MFT) of 0.degree. C. to
5.degree. C.
[0045] The first and second coating compositions may contain a
thickener. As the thickener, it is possible to use, for example, a
cellulose-based thickener, an acrylic acid-based thickener, and a
urethane associative thickener. The content, per unit area of the
fabric, of the thickener contained in the coating layer is usually
about 0.3 to 5.0 g/m.sup.2.
[0046] The viscosity of the first and second coating compositions
is appropriately about 20,000 to 70,000 mPas, particularly
preferably about 30,000 to 55,000 mPas. The viscosity of the
coating composition in the present specification means viscosity
measured using a B-type viscometer (BH type), at a measurement
temperature of 20.degree. C., with a rotor No. 6, at a rotation
speed of 10 rpm, after 30 seconds from the start of the
rotation.
[0047] The first and second coating compositions can be applied to
the fabric using, for example, a knife coater, a comma coater, a
bar coater, a die coater, a kiss-roll coater, or a gravure coater.
The dry conditions after the application of the first and second
coating compositions to the fabric can be set at, for example, 110
to 170.degree. C., in particular, 120 to 160.degree. C. for about 2
to 5 minutes.
[0048] The fabric according to the present invention may have a
foam material sheet fixed to a coating side (on the second coating
layer) thereof (see FIG. 1b). Examples of the foam material sheet
include polyurethane foam (e.g., slab urethane) having a thickness
of 2.0 to 10 mm. Such a laminate composite formed of the fabric and
the foam material sheet is suitably used as a skin material for a
seat of vehicles such as a car (usually, a molded product formed of
a urethane cushion material).
[0049] Examples of a method of fixing the foam material sheet to
one surface of the fabric include flame lamination which involves
melting a front layer on one surface of the foam material sheet
with a gas burner and fusion-bonding the foam material sheet to one
surface (on the second coating layer) of the fabric having the
first and second coating layers formed thereon.
[0050] Hereinafter, the present invention is described in further
detail by way of comparative examples and examples. The present
invention, however, is not to be limited to the examples.
EXAMPLES
[0051] Polyester fabrics (polyester 100%: basis weight 280
g/m.sup.2) dyed in black with disperse dye were subjected to
coating to manufacture the fabrics shown in Table 1.
[0052] The coating composition for forming a coating layer on each
of the polyester fabrics was adjusted to have a viscosity in a
range of 34,000 mPas to 36,000 mPas. The coating layer was formed
on a rear surface of the fabric with a knife coater.
[0053] The water-and-oil repellent agent used in the first coating
layer and the second coating layer was a fluorinated water-and-oil
repellent agent sold under the name of NK GUARD S-0545 from NICCA
CHEMICAL CO., LTD.
[0054] The acrylic resin used in the first coating layer was an
acrylic resin sold under the name of Movinyl 7400 from Japan
Coating Resin Co., Ltd. The acrylic resin used in the second
coating layer was an acrylic resin sold under the name of VONCOAT
AB901 from DIC Corporation.
[0055] In the second coating layer, used as the flame retardant was
aluminum diethylphosphinate and used as the deodorants were KD-211G
(zinc oxide supported by porous silica) sold from Rasa Industries,
Ltd. and KESMON NS-240 (an amine compound supported by porous
silica) sold from Toagosei Co., Ltd.
[0056] The processed fabrics shown in Table 1 were tested,
according to the following methods, for their water spots,
deodorant performance, stain resistant performance, flame retardant
performance, and stiffness.
[0057] Water Spots
[0058] Distilled water at 80.degree. C. in an amount of 4 mL was
dropped onto a front surface of the processed fabric, which was
naturally dried for 24 hours. Then, the fabric was rated according
to the following criteria by confirming the presence or absence of
water spots (discoloration) on front and rear surfaces of the
fabric. In water spot test I, a fabric with the front surface rated
as grade 4 or higher was evaluated as passed (.largecircle.). In
water spot test II, evaluated as passed (.largecircle.) was a
fabric with the rear surface that was not wet and was rated as
grade 4 or higher.
Grade: Criterion
[0059] Grade 5: no discoloration [0060] Grade 4: almost
unrecognizable discoloration [0061] Grade 3: slightly recognizable
discoloration [0062] Grade 2: easily recognizable discoloration
[0063] Grade 1: significant discoloration
[0064] Deodorant Property
[0065] The test was performed with three odor components. The
deodorization rates (odor reduction rates) of the processed fabric
were calculated for each of the odor components. Specifically, a
deodorant test piece (5 cm.times.5 cm processed fabric) was put in
a 3-L Tedlar bag into which was injected 2 L of a gas containing
one odor component for measurement (with the odor component's
initial concentration adjusted to 100 ppm for ammonia, to 50 ppm
for hydrogen sulfide, or to 50 ppm for acetaldehyde), and the bag
was sealed. The bag was left at normal temperature for 4 hours and
then the residual concentration of the odor component was measured,
and the deodorization rate was calculated.
[0066] Salad Oil Stain Resistance Test
[0067] One test piece with an about 10.times.10 cm square was
prepared from each of the samples (processed fabrics). A soft wipe
(Elleair Prowipe) was placed on a tray, and the test piece was put
on the soft wipe with its coated surface (rear surface) downward.
Salad oil was dropped in 5 spots on the test piece with a dropper
such that each droplet had a diameter of about 5 mm or 0.05 mL.
[0068] The tray was left to stand at normal temperature for 24
hours in a normal temperature test (I), and the tray was left to
stand in a Geer oven at 83.degree. C. for 24 hours in a
high-temperature test (II). After 24 hours, the test piece was
observed whether a front surface thereof was wet at the salad
oil-dropped spots (whether an oil stain was generated) and whether
an oil stain due to the salad oil was present on the rear surface
thereof and the soft wipe. A test piece was determined to be passed
(.smallcircle.) that had no oil stain on the front and rear
surfaces thereof and on the soft wipe placed underneath the test
piece.
[0069] Flame Retardant Performance
[0070] A test was performed in accordance with "Flammability of
Interior Materials" specified in Federal Motor-Vehicle Safety
Standard (FMVSS), and flame retardant performance was
determined.
[0071] The evaluation "N" was given to a test piece (processed
fabric) that was not ignited even with 15-second flame application
or that was ignited with the flame application but the flame was
extinguished before crossing the marked line A. When a test piece
was ignited and the flame crossed the marked line A, the burning
time and the burned distance were recorded and the rate was
calculated (the number of test pieces were 3 (n=3), and the table
shows the worst result).
[0072] Stiffness
[0073] The stiffness was measured by a so-called cantilever
method.
[0074] Specifically, three test pieces with 25 mm (width) and 200
mm (length) were taken out from the processed fabric along the
vertical line (long axis) of the fabric, a test piece was put on a
horizontal table having a 45-degree slope on one end of the table
and a smooth surface, with one end of the test piece accurately
arranged on the horizontal table's slope-side end, and the position
(A) of the other end of the test piece was read with a scale.
[0075] Next, a pressing plate having almost the same size as the
test piece was slid toward the slope at a speed of about 10 mm/s
while gently pressing the test piece, and when the one end of the
test piece contacted with the slope, the position (B) of the other
end was read with the scale.
[0076] The stiffness was represented by the movement distance (A-B)
of the test piece (the smaller the numerical value of stiffness is,
the softer the fabric is, and the larger the numerical value is,
the harder the fabric is). The table shows the average value (mm)
of three measured values.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Test No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 First coating layer Base resin Acrylic resin 69.4 65.4 40.8
75.5 (Water-and-oil repellent layer) Filler Balloon agent 6.2
Attachment amount of Aluminum hydroxide 31.8 solid content
(g/m.sup.2) Stain resistant Fluorinated water-and- agent oil
repellent agent Thickener Acrylic acid-based 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.6
thickener Second coating layer Base resin Acrylic resin 29.8 29.1
25.1 24.8 24.8 24.2 (Deodorant coating layer) Flame retardant Metal
35.1 34.2 29.5 29.2 29.2 28.4 Attachment amount of
dialkylphosphinate solid content (g/m.sup.2) Deodorant Zinc
oxide/amine 11.7 11.4 9.8 9.7 9.7 9.5 compound Stain resistant
Fluorinated water-and- 2.9 2.4 agent oil repellent agent Thickener
Methyl hydroxyethyl 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 cellulose Water spots
Water spot No water spot on front surface 24 .smallcircle. x x
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. x .smallcircle. test I hours after
dropping 4 mL of water at 80.degree. C. (determined by
.smallcircle., x) Water spot Neither wetting nor water spot
.smallcircle. x x x x x x test II on rear surface 24 hours after
dropping 4 mL of water at 80.degree. C. (determined by
.smallcircle., x) Deodorant Ammonia Initial concentration 100 ppm
50 98 performance 4-hour-later deodorization rate (%) Hydrogen
sulfide Initial concentration 50 ppm 6 98 4-hour-later
deodorization rate (%) Acetaldehyde Initial concentration 50 ppm 0
90 4-hour-later deodorization rate (%) Stain resistant Oil stain No
oil stain after 24 hours at x x x x x x x performance test I normal
temperature (determined by .smallcircle., x) Oil stain No oil stain
after 24 hours at 83.degree. C. x x x x x x x test II (determined
by .smallcircle., x) Flame retardant FMVSS evaluation mm/min 51.8 N
N 159.9 188.2 143.3 188.2 performance result Stiffness Vertical
stiffness mm (average value of n = 3) 31 76 75 69 62 74 60 Test No.
No. No. No. No. No. No. 8 9 10 11 12 13 First coating layer Base
resin Acrylic resin 67.5 69.5 72.1 68.5 65.0 72.1 (Water-and-oil
repellent layer) Filler Balloon agent Attachment amount of Aluminum
hydroxide solid content (g/m.sup.2) Stain resistant Fluorinated
water-and- 1.0 2.0 3.2 4.1 0.9 4.3 agent oil repellent agent
Thickener Acrylic acid-based 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.3 2.7 thickener
Second coating layer Base resin Acrylic resin 23.6 23.6 23.3 23.3
21.6 23.1 (Deodorant coating layer) Flame retardant Metal 27.7 27.7
27.4 27.4 25.4 27.2 Attachment amount of dialkylphosphinate solid
content (g/m.sup.2) Deodorant Zinc oxide/amine 9.2 9.2 9.1 9.1 8.5
9.1 compound Stain resistant Fluorinated water-and- 2.1 2.3 agent
oil repellent agent Thickener Methyl hydroxyethyl 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
0.3 0.4 cellulose Water spots Water spot No water spot on front
surface 24 .smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle.
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. test I hours after dropping 4 mL of
water at 80.degree. C. (determined by .smallcircle., x) Water spot
Neither wetting nor water spot x .smallcircle. .smallcircle.
.smallcircle. x .smallcircle. test II on rear surface 24 hours
after dropping 4 mL of water at 80.degree. C. (determinedby
.smallcircle., x) Deodorant Ammonia Initial concentration 100 ppm
99 98 98 performance 4-hour-later deodorization rate (%) Hydrogen
sulfide Initial concentration 50 ppm 98 98 98 4-hour-later
deodorization rate (%) Acetaldehyde Initial concentration 50 ppm 90
90 90 4-hour-later deodorization rate (%) Stain resistant Oil stain
No oil stain after 24 hours at x x x x x x performance test I
normal temperature (determined by .smallcircle., x) Oil stain No
oil stain after 24 hours at 83.degree. C. x x x x x x test II
(determined by .smallcircle., x) Flame retardant FMVSS evaluation
mm/min 162.7 199.9 188.2 159.9 188.2 129.7 performance result
Stiffness Vertical stiffness mm (average value of n = 3) 59 60 59
64 66 66
[0077] As shown in Table 1, the fabric (No. 2) only subjected to
deodorant finish had a worse evaluation result in water spots than
the result of the fabric (No. 1) not subjected to deodorant
finish.
[0078] The fabric (No. 3) that included the deodorant coating layer
containing the stain resistant agent (fluorinated water-and-oil
repellent agent) did not also exhibit an effect of improving the
degree of water spots.
[0079] The fabric (No. 4) that included an acrylic resin coating
layer between the fabric and the deodorant coating layer improved
the degree of water spots on the front surface of the fabric but
was not capable of preventing the degree of water spots on the rear
surface of the fabric. The fabrics (Nos. 5 and 6) that included a
coating layer further containing a filler between the fabric and
the deodorant coating layer only improved the degree of water spots
on the front surface of the fabric or did not even improve the
degree of water spots on the front surface of the fabric.
[0080] The fabric (No. 7) that included the deodorant coating layer
containing the stain resistant agent (fluorinated water-and-oil
repellent agent) and further included an acrylic resin coating
layer between the fabric and the deodorant coating layer only
improved the degree of water spots on the front surface of the
fabric but did not improve the degree of water spots on the rear
surface of the fabric.
[0081] In the meantime, as regards cases where a coating layer
containing the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent
(hereinafter, also called to as "water-and-oil repellent coating
layer") was disposed between the fabric and the deodorant coating
layer, the fabric (No. 8) having a small amount of the fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent agent only improved the degree of water
spots on the front surface of the fabric, whereas the fabrics (Nos.
9 to 11) having an increased amount of the fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent agent improved the degree of water spots on
both the front and rear surfaces of the fabric.
[0082] The fabrics (Nos. 12 and 13) that included the water-and-oil
repellent coating layer (first coating layer) between the fabric
and the deodorant coating layer (second coating layer) also
containing the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent again
showed a similar result. That is, the first coating layer having a
small amount of the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent did
not contribute to improvement of the degree of water spots on the
rear surface of the fabric. This result demonstrated that the
effect of improving the degree of water spots depends on the amount
of the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent contained in the
first coating layer. In the meantime, when a slab urethane sheet
was thermally fusion-bonded to the rear surface (surface having
coating layers formed thereon) of the fabric to form a laminate
composite, addition of the water-and-oil repellent agent to the
deodorant coating layer was confirmed to decrease peeling strength
between the fabric and the urethane foam.
[0083] These experiments verified that it is possible to improve
the degree of water spots by disposing the coating layer (first
coating layer) containing a sufficient amount of the fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent agent between the fabric and the deodorant
coating layer (second coating layer). Further, the fabric No. 2 and
the fabric Nos. 9 to 11 showing exactly the same deodorant
performance demonstrated that the disposition of the first coating
layer does not adversely affect the deodorant performance (since it
was clarified that the disposition of the first coating layer does
not substantially change the deodorant performance, the deodorant
performance test was performed on only some of the fabrics).
[0084] The disposition of the first coating layer containing the
fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent was capable of improving
the degree of water spots but made the stain resistant performance
insufficient. Therefore, processed fabrics were prepared by
impregnating ground fabrics with a fluorinated water-and-oil
repellent agent according to a dip-nip method and then disposing
the first and second coating layers on the ground fabrics, and the
processed fabrics were subjected to the same tests as in Table
1.
[0085] In the stain resistant finish according to the dip-nip
method, a mixture of a fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent
sold under the name of AsahiGuard E-SERIES from AGC Inc. and a
fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent sold under the name of NK
GUARD S Series from NICCA CHEMICAL CO., LTD. was used. A polyester
fabric (polyester 100%: basis weight 280 g/m.sup.2) dyed in black
with disperse dye was immersed (at 150.degree. C. for 2 minutes and
30 seconds) in an aqueous dispersion containing 2.63% by weight (in
terms of solid content) of the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent
agents, and next, the immersed fabric was squeezed with mangles
under a pressure of 3.0 kgf/cm.sup.2 (pick-up rate: 60%). This
impregnation treatment attached 4.43 g/m.sup.2 of the fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent agents to the fabric.
[0086] Table 2 shows the results.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Test No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. 14 15
16 17 18 19 20 Attachment amount of solid content of water- 4.43
4.43 4.43 4.43 4.43 4.43 4.43 and-oil repellent agent by dip-nip
(g/m.sup.2) First coating layer Base resin Acrylic resin 69.4 69.1
42.3 76.4 (Water-and-oil repellent Filler A Balloon agent 6.6
coating layer) Filler C Aluminum hydroxide 33.0 Attachment amount
of Stain resistant Fluorinated water-and- solid content (g/m.sup.2)
agent oil repellent agent Thickener Acrylic acid-based 2.4 2.5 2.5
2.6 thickener Second coating layer Base resin Acrylic resin 30.2
28.0 26.3 24.0 25.1 26.2 (Deodorant coating layer) Flame retardant
Metal 35.5 32.9 31.0 28.3 29.5 30.8 Attachment amount of
dialkylphosphinate solid content (g/m.sup.2) Deodorant Zinc
oxide/amine 11.8 11.0 10.3 9.4 9.8 10.3 compound Stain resistant
Fluorinated water-and- 2.7 2.6 agent oil repellent agent Thickener
Methyl hydroxyethyl 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 cellulose Water spots
Water spot No water spot on front surface .smallcircle. x x
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. test I 24
hours after dropping 4 mL of water at 80.degree. C. (determined by
.smallcircle., x) Water spot Neither wetting nor water spot x x x x
x x x test II on rear surface 24 hours after dropping 4 mL of water
at 80.degree. C. (determined by .smallcircle., x) Deodorant Ammonia
Initial concentration 100 ppm 45 98 performance 4-hour-later
deodorization rate (%) Hydrogen sulfide Initial concentration 50
ppm 2 98 4-hour-later deodorization rate (%) Acetaldehyde Initial
concentration 50 ppm 0 92 4-hour-later deodorization rate (%) Stain
resistant Oil stain No oil stain after 24 hours at .smallcircle.
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle.
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. performance test I normal temperature
(determined by .smallcircle., x) Oil stain No oil stain after 24
hours at 83.degree. C. x x x x x x x test II (determined by
.smallcircle., x) Flame retardant FMVSS evaluation mm/min 139.9 N N
129.7 71.6 129.7 97.9 performance result Stiffness Vertical
stiffness mm (average value of n = 3) 46 71.0 71.0 49.0 53.0 46.0
50.0 Test No. No. No. No. No. No. No. 21 22 23 24 25 26 Attachment
amount of solid content of water- 4.43 4.43 4.43 4.43 4.43 4.43
and-oil repellent agent by dip-nip (g/m.sup.2) First coating layer
Base resin Acrylic resin 75.2 64.9 69.2 70.1 71.4 72.1
(Water-and-oil repellent Filler A Balloon agent coating layer)
Filler C Aluminum hydroxide Attachment amount of Stain resistant
Fluorinated water-and- 1.1 1.8 3.0 4.2 1.0 4.3 solid content
(g/m.sup.2) agent oil repellent agent Thickener Acrylic acid-based
2.6 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.7 thickener Second coating layer Base resin
Acrylic resin 24.8 25.1 25.6 25.6 26.8 25.4 (Deodorant coating
layer) Flame retardant Metal 29.2 29.5 30.1 30.1 31.5 29.9
Attachment amount of dialkylphosphinate solid content (g/m.sup.2)
Deodorant Zinc oxide/amine 9.7 9.8 10.0 10.0 10.5 10.0 compound
Stain resistant Fluorinated water-and- 2.6 2.5 agent oil repellent
agent Thickener Methyl hydroxyethyl 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
cellulose Water spots Water spot No water spot on front surface
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle.
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. test I 24 hours afte rdropping 4 mL of
water at 80.degree. C. (determined by .smallcircle., x) Water spot
Neither wetting nor water spot x .smallcircle. .smallcircle.
.smallcircle. x .smallcircle. test II on rear surface 24 hours
after dropping 4 mL of water at 80.degree. C. (determined by
.smallcircle., x) Deodorant Ammonia Initial concentration 100 ppm
98 98 98 performance 4-hour-later deodorization rate (%) Hydrogen
sulfide Initial concentration 50 ppm 98 98 98 4-hour-later
deodorization rate (%) Acetaldehyde Initial concentration 50 ppm 90
90 90 4-hour-later deodorization rate (%) Stain resistant Oil stain
No oil stain after 24 hours at .smallcircle. .smallcircle.
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. performance
test I normal temperature (determined by .smallcircle., x) Oil
stain No oil stain after 24 hours at 83.degree. C. x .smallcircle.
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. x .smallcircle. test II (determined by
.smallcircle., x) Flame retardant FMVSS evaluation mm/min 103.2
106.6 124.7 147.7 109.1 154.8 performance result Stiffness Vertical
stiffness mm (average value of n = 3) 46.0 46.0 51.0 51.0 46.0
49.0
[0087] As shown in Table 2, the impregnation of the ground fabrics
with the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent improved the
stain resistant performance of all the processed fabrics in the
normal temperature test. Further, the fabrics that included the
first coating layer having an amount, per unit area of the fabric,
of the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent of 1.3 g/m.sup.2
or more also achieved the acceptable level of the stain resistant
performance at 83.degree. C.
[0088] As regards water spots, however, even with the dip-nip stain
resistant treatment, the same tendency as in the cases without the
dip-nip stain resistant treatment was observed, demonstrating that
the degree of water spots is not improved without the first coating
layer containing the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent.
[0089] Specifically, similarly to the results in Table 1, the
fabric (No. 15) only subjected to deodorant finish had a worse
evaluation result in water spots than the result of the fabric (No.
14) not subjected to deodorant finish.
[0090] Further, the fabric (No. 16) that included the deodorant
coating layer containing the stain resistant agent (fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent agent) did not also improve the degree of
water spots.
[0091] Further, the fabric (No. 17) that included an acrylic resin
coating layer between the fabric and the deodorant coating layer
improved the degree of water spots on the front surface of the
fabric but was not capable of improving the degree of water spots
on the rear surface of the fabric. The fabrics (Nos. 18 and 19)
that included a coating layer further containing a filler between
the fabric and the deodorant coating layer improved the degree of
water spots on the front surface of the fabric but did not improve
the degree of water spots on the rear surface of the fabric.
[0092] Further, the fabric (No. 20) that included the deodorant
coating layer containing the stain resistant agent (fluorinated
water-and-oil repellent agent) and further included an acrylic
resin coating layer between the fabric and the deodorant coating
layer only improved the degree of water spots on the front surface
of the fabric but did not improve the degree of water spots on the
rear surface of the fabric.
[0093] In the meantime, as regards cases where a water-and-oil
repellent coating layer was disposed between the fabric and the
deodorant coating layer, the fabric (No. 21) having a small amount
of the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent only improved the
degree of water spots on the front surface of the fabric, whereas
the fabrics (Nos. 22 to 24) having an increased amount of the
fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent improved the degree of
water spots on both the front and rear surfaces of the fabric.
[0094] The fabrics (Nos. 25 and 26) that included the water-and-oil
repellent coating layer (first coating layer) between the fabric
and the deodorant coating layer (second coating layer) also
containing the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent again
showed a similar result. That is, the first coating layer having a
small amount of the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent did
not contribute to improvement of the degree of water spots on the
rear surface of the fabric. This result demonstrated that the
effect of improving the degree of water spots depends on the amount
of the fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent contained in the
first coating layer. In the meantime, when a slab urethane sheet
was thermally fusion-bonded to the rear surface (surface having
coating layers formed thereon) of the fabric to form a laminate
composite, addition of the water-and-oil repellent agent to the
deodorant coating layer was confirmed to decrease peeling strength
between the fabric and the urethane foam.
[0095] These experiments verified that the ground fabric subjected
to the dip-nip stain resistant treatment is capable of improving
the stain resistant performance at normal temperature but is not
capable of improving the degree of water spots on the fabric, and
it is possible to improve the degree of water spots and the stain
resistant performance at 83.degree. C. by disposing the coating
layer (first coating layer) containing a sufficient amount of the
fluorinated water-and-oil repellent agent between the fabric and
the deodorant coating layer (second coating layer).
[0096] As described above, it was verified that it is possible to
improve the degree of water spots by disposing the water-and-oil
repellent coating layer (first coating layer) between the fabric
and the deodorant coating layer (second coating layer). With the
first coating layer disposed, however, a tendency of a decrease in
flame retardancy was observed. Thus, processed fabrics were
manufactured by changing the base resin in the first coating
composition from the acrylic resin to a polyester resin having
higher flame retardancy and processed fabrics were manufactured by
adding a flame retardant to the first coating composition, to
enhance the flame retardant effect while retaining the effect of
improving the degree of water spots, and the processed fabrics were
subjected to the same tests.
[0097] The polyester resin used in the first coating layer of the
fabric Nos. 27 to 30 in Table 3 was a polyester resin sold under
the name of PLAS COAT Z-880 from GOO Chemical Co., Ltd. The flame
retardant (solubility in water at 20.degree. C.: 4.0% or less) used
in the first coating layer of the fabric Nos. 31 and 32 in Table 3
was a mixture of melamine phosphate (manufactured by Shin Nakamura
Chemical Co., Ltd.) and a phosphonic acid ester-based flame
retardant sold under the name of SY-TC1 from SHINYO Co., Ltd.
(weight ratio between active substances 1:1).
[0098] Table 3 shows the results.
TABLE-US-00003 TABLE 3 Test No. No. No. No. No. No. No. 27 28 29 30
31 32 Attachment amount of solid content of water- 4.43 4.43 4.43
4.43 and-oil repellent agent by dip-nip (g/m.sup.2) First coating
layer Base resin Acrylic resin 22.2 23 (Water-and-oil repellent
Polyester resin 26.3 28.2 23.8 21.4 coating layer) Flame retardant
Organic phosphorus 35.8 37 Attachment amount of flame retardant
solid content (g/m.sup.2) Stain resistant Fluorinated water-and-
1.8 3.9 1.6 2.9 1.8 3.9 agent oil repellent agent Thickener Acrylic
acid-based 2.3 2.4 2.0 1.8 2.1 2.3 thickener Second coating layer
Base resin Acrylic resin 25.1 24.8 24.8 26.3 24.0 26.3 (Deodorant
coating layer) Flame retardant Metal 29.5 29.2 29.2 31.0 28.3 31.0
Attachment amount of dialkylphosphinate solid content (g/m.sup.2)
Deodorant Zinc oxide/amine 9.8 9.7 9.7 10.3 9.4 10.3 compound
Thickener Methyl hydroxyethyl 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 cellulose
Water spots Water spot No water spot on front surface 24 hours
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle.
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. test I after dropping 4 mL of water at
80.degree. C. (determined by .smallcircle., x) Water spot Neither
wetting nor water spot on rear .smallcircle. .smallcircle.
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. test II
surface 24 hours after dropping 4 mL of water at 80.degree. C.
(determined by .smallcircle., x) Deodorant Ammonia Initial
concentration 100 ppm 98 98 98 98 performance 4-hour-later
deodorization rate (%) Hydrogen sulfide Initial concentration 50
ppm 98 98 98 98 4-hour-later deodorization rate (%) Acetaldehyde
Initial concentration 50 ppm 92 90 92 92 4-hour-later deodorization
rate (%) Stain resistant Oil stain No oil stain after 24 hours at x
x .smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle.
performance test I normal temperature (determined by .smallcircle.,
x) Oil stain No oil stain after 24 hours at 83.degree. C. x x
.smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. .smallcircle. test II
(determined by .smallcircle., x) Flame retardant FMVSS evaluation
mm/min N 79.20 86.0 88.0 N N performance result Stiffness Vertical
mm (average value of n = 3) 102 101 88.0 89.0 52.0 61.0
stiffness
[0099] As shown in Table 3, changing the base resin in the first
coating layer to the polyester resin gave the flame retardant
performance "N" or 101 mm/min or less (Nos. 27 to 30). The use of
the polyester resin, however, increased the numerical value of
stiffness and hardened the fabric. In contrast, addition of the
flame retardant to the first coating layer containing the acrylic
resin as the base resin was capable of giving a fabric having high
flame retardant performance, a low value of stiffness, and a soft
and good texture.
[0100] In both the cases, it was possible to retain the effect of
reducing water spots.
[0101] These results verified that it is effective to use the
polyester resin as the base resin of the first coating layer or to
add the flame retardant to the first coating layer when the fabric
is required to have not only deodorant performance and a low water
spot generating property but also flame retardant performance, and
it is preferable to use the acrylic resin as the base resin of the
first coating layer and add the flame retardant to the first
coating layer when the fabric is further required to have good
(soft) texture.
[0102] According to the present invention, it is possible to
provide a fabric that has high deodorant performance and is less
likely to generate water spots. Therefore, the fabric according to
the present invention is suitably used as an interior fabric of
vehicles such as a car because it solves the problems of the
interior fabric that an odor on the fabric is likely to remain and
has difficulty being washed or cleaned.
* * * * *