U.S. patent application number 16/462944 was filed with the patent office on 2019-09-12 for use of a preparation liquid of low viscosity and low water content for the treatment of threads.
The applicant listed for this patent is DAKO Aktiengesellschaft, Chemische Spezialprodukte. Invention is credited to Gunter EITEL, Bastian THEIS, Matthias WINKLER.
Application Number | 20190276951 16/462944 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 57609648 |
Filed Date | 2019-09-12 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20190276951 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
EITEL; Gunter ; et
al. |
September 12, 2019 |
Use Of A Preparation Liquid Of Low Viscosity And Low Water Content
For The Treatment Of Threads
Abstract
The present invention refers to a method for the treatment of
threads, wherein after spinning, a preparation liquid having a
viscosity of 15 to 70 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C. and a water
content of 0 to 6% by weight is applied to the threads.
Inventors: |
EITEL; Gunter; (Marktbreit,
DE) ; THEIS; Bastian; (Kurnach, DE) ; WINKLER;
Matthias; (Cleebronn, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
DAKO Aktiengesellschaft, Chemische Spezialprodukte |
Wiesentheid |
|
DE |
|
|
Family ID: |
57609648 |
Appl. No.: |
16/462944 |
Filed: |
November 3, 2017 |
PCT Filed: |
November 3, 2017 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/EP2017/001281 |
371 Date: |
May 22, 2019 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D01F 11/00 20130101;
D01D 5/096 20130101; D01F 1/10 20130101; D01D 5/08 20130101; D06B
1/00 20130101 |
International
Class: |
D01D 5/096 20060101
D01D005/096; D01F 1/10 20060101 D01F001/10; D01F 11/00 20060101
D01F011/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Nov 25, 2016 |
EP |
16002519.3 |
Claims
1. Method for the treatment of threads, wherein after spinning a
preparation liquid having a viscosity of 15 to 70 mm.sup.2/s at
25.degree. C. and a water content of 0 to 6% by weight is applied
to the threads.
2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation liquid has
a viscosity of 20 to 50 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C.
3. Method according to claim 2, wherein the preparation liquid has
a viscosity of 30 to 45 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C.
4. Method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation liquid has
a water content of 0.5 to 4% by weight.
5. Method according to claim 4, wherein the preparation liquid has
a water content of 0.8 to 3% by weight.
6. Method according to claim 1, in which the preparation liquid is
applied before drawing the threads.
7. Method according to claim 1, where the preparation liquid is
applied after drawing the threads.
8. Use of a preparation liquid having a viscosity of 15 to 70
mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C. and a water content of 0 to 6% by
weight for the treatment of threads.
Description
[0001] The present invention refers to the use of a preparation
liquid with low viscosity and low water content for the treatment
of threads.
[0002] It is known that synthetic melt-spun threads are treated
with an emulsion of a preparation liquid after extrusion in order
to enable further processing, i.e. drawing, winding and textile
processing. The so-called "drawing" of the extruded threads between
heated rolls of different speeds is necessary in order to obtain
the required strength and elongation as well as textile properties
through parallel orientation of the polymer molecules. It is known
that extremely high pressures in the melt and high extrusion speeds
provide orientation, which, however, is not comparable with the
orientation of the macromolecules during the described
"drawing".
[0003] The treatment of the threads with preparation liquids as
emulsions is an important part of the entire production and above
all further processing process, since this is jointly responsible
for optimum conditions in all production and processing stages of
the yarns.
[0004] The production of such emulsions is complex because water of
high purity is required and this water is evaporated again during
the production process.
[0005] In order to avoid the associated consumption of energy and
resources, attempts have been made to apply the pure preparation
liquids required for production and processing to the yarns without
producing an emulsion. One reason for the failure of these
experiments was the high viscosity of the preparation liquids. In
order to reduce this viscosity, the preparation liquids were mixed
with diluents, generally low-viscosity mineral oils. However, these
highly volatile oils caused complications throughout the technical
process of thread production (see introduction to EP 2 712 956
A1).
[0006] EP 2 712 956 A1 also discloses a treatment agent for
synthetic fibres, aqueous liquids thereof and processing methods
for synthetic fibres and synthetic fibres. The treatment agent
contains water in a concentration of 10 to 60% by weight.
[0007] WO 2011/009498 A1 describes a method for melt spinning,
drawing and winding a multi-filament thread and a device for
carrying out the method. The method comprises using a preparation
liquid having a water content of less than 8% by weight and a
viscosity of 90 to 100 mm.sup.2/s for application to the thread.
The disadvantage of this method is that preparation liquids with
such viscosity wet the polymer surfaces poorly and must therefore
be heated before application, which is technically complex and
nevertheless leads to irregular oil wetting.
[0008] It is also known from WO 2009/141424 that threads spun from
the melt are drawn without the application of a preparation liquid
and that the treatment liquids required for the processing of the
threads are only applied as oil-water emulsions after drawing.
[0009] DE 10 2013 219 584 A1 describes a method and a device for
the production of fully drawn threads in which a treatment liquid
with a kinematic viscosity of 100 to 200 mm.sup.2/s is applied to
the threads at 30.degree. C. as an aqueous emulsion. The water
content in the treatment liquid is 40 to 60% by weight.
[0010] A process for producing polyethylene terephthalate threads
using a preparation containing not more than 10% by weight of water
as a lubricant for the threads is described in DE 2118 316 A1.
[0011] The WO 2012/013367 A1 discloses a device for melt spinning,
drawing and winding of a multi-filament thread with a spinning
device, a drawing device, a winding device and a preparation
device, which is formed by two separate preparation stations for
wetting the thread. The wetting liquid is an oil-water emulsion or
a low-viscosity pure oil.
[0012] The preparation liquids described above, which are used as
oil-water emulsions, require a considerable amount of effort to
produce the emulsions. In addition to the provision of water of
suitable quality, the use of preservatives is necessary to protect
the emulsions from microbial attack during storage and application.
The spinning of the threads typically involves a thermal treatment
of the threads. Consequently, when using preparation fluids as
oil-water emulsions, it is necessary to evaporate the water
contained to achieve the temperatures required for thermal
treatment of the threads. This requires a considerable additional
expenditure of energy on the heated godets.
[0013] The use of low-viscosity pure oils as preparation fluids
leads to migration of the preparation fluid into the polymer
interior, which considerably restricts further processing of the
threads after a short storage period.
[0014] The object of this invention is to provide a low-water
preparation liquid with a low viscosity and excellent wetting
properties, as a replacement for the oil-water emulsions described
above, for the treatment of threads, which guarantees a high
storage stability of the threads.
[0015] The object is solved by a method for the treatment of
threads, wherein after spinning a preparation liquid with a
viscosity of 15 to 70 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C. and a water
content of 0 to 6% by weight is applied to the threads.
[0016] In a preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of the
above or below described embodiments, the preparation liquid has a
viscosity of 20 to 50 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C.
[0017] In a more preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of
the above or below described embodiments, the preparation liquid
has a viscosity of 30 to 45 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C.
[0018] The viscosity is determined according to ASTM D7042.
[0019] In a preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of the
above or below described embodiments, the preparation liquid has a
water content of 0.5 to 4% by weight.
[0020] In a more preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of
the above or below described embodiments, the preparation liquid
has a water content of 0.8 to 3% by weight.
[0021] In another preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of
the above or below described embodiments, the preparation liquid
does not contain any organic solvent.
[0022] In a preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of the
above or below described embodiments, the preparation fluid is
applied to the threads prior to drawing.
[0023] In another preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of
the above or below embodiments, the preparation fluid is applied to
the threads after drawing.
[0024] In another preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of
the above or below described embodiments, the preparation liquid is
applied to the threads in partial amounts before and after
drawing.
[0025] Furthermore, the present invention refers to the use of a
preparation liquid with a viscosity of 15 to 70 mm.sup.2/s at
25.degree. C. and a water content of 0 to 6% by weight for the
treatment of threads.
[0026] All preferred embodiments refer both to the method in
accordance with the invention and to the use of the preparation
liquid in accordance with the invention.
[0027] FIG. 1 shows a bobbin structure using the method according
to the invention according to example 3.
[0028] FIG. 2 shows a bobbin structure using a method not in
accordance with the invention, in which a preparation liquid was
applied as an emulsion and otherwise proceeded in analogy to
example 3.
[0029] FIG. 3 shows a bobbin structure using a method not in
accordance with the invention according to comparison example
2.
[0030] FIG. 4 shows a bobbin structure using the method according
to the invention according to example 4.
[0031] The bobbin structure using the method according to the
invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 is significantly more uniform than
the bobbin structure shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, which shows "slipped"
yarn layers which, when the bobbin is unwound, e.g. for weaving,
can cause irregularities due to tension fluctuations.
[0032] In the method or use according to the invention, the threads
are formed from extruded filament bundles consisting of synthetic
melt-spun filaments. In a preferred embodiment in conjunction with
any of the embodiments described above or below, the filaments are
formed from a polymer selected from the group consisting of
polyesters, polyamides, polyolefins and mixtures thereof. The
polymer is particularly preferably selected from the group
consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide 6, polyamide
6.6, polypropylene and mixtures thereof, in particular polyethylene
terephthalate. The blends of polymers are in particular bicomponent
fibres.
[0033] In a preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of the
above or below described embodiments, the preparation liquid is
composed of components selected from the groups of lubricants,
emulsifiers and additives. Especially preferred is the preparation
liquid composed of components selected from each of the groups of
lubricants, emulsifiers and additives.
[0034] In a preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of the
above or below described embodiments, the preparation fluid
contains at least one lubricant selected from Group I-V base oils
(see item E.1.3 of Annex E of March 2015 to Engine Oil Licensing
and Certification System API 1509, Seventeenth Edition, September
2012), more preferably selected from Group III (mineral oils) and
Group V (other oils). Group V lubricant is especially selected from
ester oils and polyalkylene glycols (PAG).
[0035] In a preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of the
above or below described embodiments, the preparation liquid
contains at least one emulsifier selected from the group consisting
of fatty alcohol alkoxylates, fatty acid alkoxylates, ester
alkoxylates, caster oil alkoxylates, in particular caster oil
ethoxylates, polyethylene glycol esters, ethoxylated and
non-ethoxylated partial glycerides, more preferably selected from
fatty alcohol alkoxylates and ester alkoxylates.
[0036] In a preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of the
above or below described embodiments, the preparation liquid
contains at least one additive selected from the group consisting
of phosphorus-containing additives, sulfur-containing additives and
nitrogen-containing additives.
[0037] The phosphorus-containing additive is especially selected
from phosphoric acid esters and phosphoric acid partial esters. The
sulphur-containing additive is especially selected from sulphates
and sulphonates. The nitrogen-containing additive is especially
selected from amines and amides.
[0038] In another preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of
the above or below described embodiments, the additive is present
as an alkali or alkaline earth salt or the additive is neutralized
with a nitrogen-containing base.
[0039] In a further preferred embodiment in conjunction with any of
the above or below described embodiments, the preparation liquid
contains at least one further component selected from the group
consisting of defoamers, antioxidants, preservatives and corrosion
inhibitors.
[0040] The use of preparation liquids with a viscosity of 15 to 70
mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C. is advantageous, since the application
of very low viscosity preparation liquids (below 15 mm.sup.2/s at
25.degree. C.) has' the disadvantage that these preparation liquids
migrate into the polymer or are absorbed by the polymer after a
short time, which results in a lack of storage stability and leads
to serious processing problems. The use of preparation liquids with
a viscosity of over 70 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C. leads to
irregular oil wetting and may require heating of the preparation
oil prior to application, as described in WO 2011/009498 A1.
[0041] The water content of the preparation liquid is in the range
of 0 to 6% by weight, since a water content of more than 6% by
weight requires a high energy input for the evaporation of the
water.
[0042] The preparation of the threads and the application of the
preparation liquid can be carried out in a manner known per se,
e.g. as described in DE 10 2013 219 584 A1 or WO 2009/141424.
[0043] Due to the low viscosity of the preparation liquid used
according to the invention, heating of the preparation liquid
before application is not necessary. The preparation liquid is
neither diluted with water nor with an organic solvent.
[0044] In the process, the threads can be drawn with or without
heat input over godets running at different speeds, whereby the
preparation liquid is applied when the individual filaments are
combined to form a filament bundle and the drawing and holding
forces required for drawing are achieved by multiple wraps.
Furthermore, the preparation liquid can be applied before drawing
with partial wrapping, as described in DE 10 2013 219 584 A1.
[0045] Alternatively, drawing can be carried out without prior
application of the preparation by simple partial wrapping of the
godets and the preparation liquid can be applied after drawing. It
is also possible to apply the preparation liquid in partial
quantities before and after drawing with partial and multiple
wrapping, e.g. as described in WO 2012/013367 A1.
[0046] After drawing, the threads are often guided through
so-called interlacing jets in which compressed air is applied to
the threads. A further advantage of the method according to the
invention or the use according to the invention is that there is no
significant spray-off of the preparation liquid from the
threads.
[0047] Furthermore, this invention can prevent electrostatic
charging during further processing of the threads and guarantee a
good storage stability of the threads, which is preferably at least
6 months. Since the production of the threads and their further
processing are usually separated in time and space, the storage
stability of the produced threads is an important aspect.
[0048] Surprisingly and unexpectedly, tests on suitable machines
have shown that the use of low-water preparation liquids in a
method according to the invention produces the best yarn qualities
(high uniformity of dyeing, better bobbin structure) in comparison
with yarns which have been subjected to an oil-water emulsion. The
better bobbin structure can be seen from a comparison of the
bobbins in FIGS. 1 and 4, where the threads were treated according
to the method according to the invention, and the bobbins in FIGS.
2 and 3, which were not treated according to the method according
to the invention.
[0049] These tests show further advantages of the method according
to the invention, namely the excellent wetting properties of the
preparation liquid with low viscosity, low evaporation on hot
surfaces, such as heated applicators, and the avoidance of highly
flammable diluents or other accessories.
[0050] In the following, the invention is explained using
examples.
EXAMPLE 1
[0051] A thread of 24 individual filaments of polyethylene
terephthalate (PET) was spun and drawn over heated rolls with
partial wrapping according to the method described in WO
2009/141424. After drawing, the thread had a fineness of 60
dtex.
[0052] A preparation liquid with a water content of 1.25% by weight
and a viscosity of 18.10 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C. was applied
after drawing.
[0053] Composition of the Preparation Liquid:
TABLE-US-00001 lubricant (Group V, ester oil) 72.5% by weight
lubricant (Group III) 10% by weight ester alkoxylate 2% by weight
fatty alcohol alkoxylate 5% by weight corrosion protection 5% by
weight Additive (total) 5.5% by weight
[0054] The mechanical yarn data was in the usual range.
Measurements also showed that when the yarns are stored for 6
months, the applied preparation quantity does not change, i.e. no
absorption of the preparation liquid by the polymer takes
place.
COMPARISON EXAMPLE 1
[0055] The spinning and drawing of the thread from PET took place
as in example 1, but from 36 individual filaments and with a
resulting fineness of 83 dtex.
[0056] A preparation liquid with a water content of 0.28% by weight
and a viscosity of 12.50 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C. was applied
after drawing.
[0057] Composition of the Preparation Liquid:
TABLE-US-00002 lubricant (Group V, ester oil) 66.5% by weight
lubricant (Group III) 25% by weight ester alkoxylate 5% by weight
fatty alcohol alkoxylate 2% by weight corrosion protection 0.5% by
weight Additive (total) 1% by weight
[0058] The mechanical yarn data were in the usual range, but a
stripy dyeing was found.
[0059] Further investigations on the stability of the preparation
application were carried out. For this purpose, a preparation
application of 0.91% by weight was determined immediately after
manufacture, which however dropped to 0.78% by weight after a
storage period of the bobbins of 30 days and to 0.65% by weight
after a further 30 days. The preparation application was determined
by extraction of a yarn sample with a suitable solvent and
gravimetric evaluation of the extractable preparation liquid.
[0060] The decrease of the preparation application within a
comparatively short storage time is caused by an absorption of the
preparation liquid by the polymer and leads to big problems during
the further processing of the bobbins or can make further
processing impossible.
EXAMPLE 2
[0061] The spinning and drawing of the thread from PET took place
as in example 1, but from 36 individual filaments and with a
resulting fineness of 138 dtex.
[0062] A preparation liquid with a water content of 1.85% by weight
and a viscosity of 34.8 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C. was applied
after drawing.
[0063] Composition of the Preparation Liquid:
TABLE-US-00003 lubricant (Group V, ester oil) 55% by weight
lubricant (Group V, PAG) 5% by weight lubricant (Group III) 20% by
weight ester alkoxylate 5% by weight fatty alcohol alkoxylat 7% by
weight additive (total) 8% by weight
[0064] The running behaviour of the yarns was inconspicuous and
only a small spray off was observed during the interlacing of the
yarns. Furthermore, the dyeing uniformity of the yarns was good.
The yarns can be used as weft yarn without any problems.
[0065] After a storage period of 60 days, no reduction of the
preparation application could be observed.
COMPARISON EXAMPLE 2
[0066] A thread was spun from 48 individual filaments of PET.
[0067] An emulsion of a preparation liquid was applied before
drawing which was DAKOLUB L 2505 HY. The drawing was achieved by
multiple wrapping of the yarn. The fineness after drawing was 209
dtex.
[0068] The dyeing was uniform. The bobbin structure is shown in
FIG. 3. It clearly shows "slipped" yarn layers, which can cause
irregularities due to tension fluctuations when unwinding the
bobbin, e.g. for weaving.
EXAMPLE 3
[0069] A thread was spun from 24 individual filaments of PET.
[0070] A preparation liquid with a water content of 2.7% by weight
and a viscosity of 36.5 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C. was applied
before drawing. Drawing was achieved by multiple wrapping of the
yarn as in comparison example 2. The fineness after drawing was 73
dtex.
[0071] Composition of the Preparation Liquid:
TABLE-US-00004 lubricant (Group V, ester oil) 75% by weight
lubricant (Group V, PAG) 5% by weight ester alkoxylate 5% by weight
fatty alcohol alkoxylate 4% by weight additive (total) 11% by
weight
[0072] The dyeing was uniform and comparable with a standard yarn,
in which a preparation liquid was applied as an emulsion.
[0073] Due to the low water content, 12% energy could be saved
compared to a standard thread in which the preparation liquid was
applied as an emulsion. The energy saving was determined by the
power consumption of the heated godets.
[0074] The bobbin structure is shown in FIG. 1. It is more uniform
than the bobbin structure of a standard yarn in which a preparation
liquid was applied as an emulsion, as shown in a comparison of
FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0075] Furthermore, no capillary breaks occurred during further
processing.
EXAMPLE 4
[0076] A thread was spun from 48 individual threads of PET.
[0077] A preparation liquid with a water content of 2.5% by weight
and a viscosity of 39 mm.sup.2/s at 25.degree. C. was applied
before drawing. Drawing was achieved by multiple wrapping of the
yarn as in comparison example 2. The fineness after drawing was 209
dtex.
[0078] Composition of the Preparation Liquid:
TABLE-US-00005 lubricant (Group V, ester oil) 75% by weight
lubricant (Group V, PAG) 5% by weight ester alkoxylate 5% by weight
fatty alcohol alkoxylate 4% by weight additive 11% by weight
[0079] Due to the low water content, 28% energy could be saved in
comparison to a standard yarn according to comparison example 2.
The energy saving was determined by the power consumption of the
heated godets.
[0080] The bobbin structure is shown in FIG. 4. It is more uniform
than the bobbin structure in FIG. 3, which was carried out using a
method not in accordance with the invention according to comparison
example 2 and clearly shows "slipped" yarn layers.
* * * * *