U.S. patent application number 15/898922 was filed with the patent office on 2019-08-22 for sound suppressor using closed loop recirculation.
The applicant listed for this patent is Sorin Emil Dobrinescu. Invention is credited to Sorin Emil Dobrinescu.
Application Number | 20190257607 15/898922 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 67617244 |
Filed Date | 2019-08-22 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20190257607 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Dobrinescu; Sorin Emil |
August 22, 2019 |
Sound Suppressor Using Closed Loop Recirculation
Abstract
The present invention relates a sound suppressing system for a
firearm explosion gases with two coaxial tubes mounted on the gun
barrel, defining two coaxial chambers, an inner chamber and an
outer chamber, communicating at their ends through rear passages
and front passages and two end caps, rear end cap and front end
cap, and where the gases flow in one direction through the inner
chamber and in opposite direction through the outer chamber and
create a continuous loop that extends the travel path of the gases
and allow for a gradual dissipation of the energy. Only a small
portion of the gases, go straight through without being turned
around.
Inventors: |
Dobrinescu; Sorin Emil;
(Kitchener, CA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Dobrinescu; Sorin Emil |
Kitchener |
|
CA |
|
|
Family ID: |
67617244 |
Appl. No.: |
15/898922 |
Filed: |
February 19, 2018 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F41A 21/30 20130101 |
International
Class: |
F41A 21/30 20060101
F41A021/30 |
Claims
1. A sound suppressing system for a firearm explosion gases with
two coaxial tubes 3 and 5 mounted on the gun barrel, defining two
coaxial chambers, inner chamber 21 and outer chamber 22,
communicating at their ends through rear passages 9 and front
passages 8 and two end caps, rear end cap 1 and front end cap 4,
characterized by: Repeated recirculation 17 of the explosion gases
taking place in successive opposite directions, direction 11 and
direction 14 through each of the two coaxial chambers 21 and 22,
such that through every recirculation cycle 17=12+13+14+15 the
speed, temperature, pressure and energy of the gases are
continuously and slowly decreased with low rate energy transfer in
noise until the pressure inside the device in all chambers equals
the ambient exterior pressure, A helical spiral part 2 in the inner
chamber 21 deviating part of the gases toward a spiral and longer
path closer to inside wall of the inner tube 3 and spending more of
the energy of the explosion gases.
2. (canceled)
3. (canceled)
4. (canceled)
5. A sound suppressing system as recited in claim 1, where a rear
end cap 1 is equipped with an inlet rear nozzle 6 designed in such
a shape as to guide the incoming gases 11 and delay the expansion
of the gases over the rear end passages 9.
6. A sound suppressing system as recited in claim 1, where a front
cap 4 of a toroidal inside shape 24 with a center nozzle 10 is used
to receive, guide and turn back the incoming jet of gases 13
diverted by the spiral 2 toward the space between the inner tube 3
and outer tube 5.
7. A sound suppressing system as recited in claim 1, where the
current invention uses a helical baffle 2 to impose a corkscrew
motion 12 to the gas particles and direct some of the expanding
gases away from the central axis 23 of the tubes 3 and 5 and toward
the passages 8 and "U"-shaped return wall 24 of front end cap such
that the gases will transfer from the inner chamber 21 to the outer
chamber 22.
8. Any other solution based on a closed loop recirculation of the
expanding gases in coaxial, cylindrical chambers where the gases
travel in opposite sense through the chambers and a closed loop
using end passages, so that the pressure, speed and the temperature
are given an opportunity to progressively decrease over each loop
and over a longer period of time than the normal explosion would
using any combination of the features as per claim 1, 2, 3, 4.
9. (canceled)
Description
BACKGROUND
Field of Invention
[0001] The present invention relates generally to an advanced sound
suppressor device which can be used for any type of system where
there is an explosive gaseous generation and sound muffling is an
important factor. More particularly, the invention can be used in
fire arm applications (hunting, law enforcement, crime fighting,
armed conflict etc.) where sound suppression is required.
[0002] Most prior art silencers are designed as a large expansion
volume many times (up to 30 times or more) greater than the inside
volume of the barrel. This volume is rapidly occupied with the
pressurized, hot and rapidly moving explosion gases. A functional
silencer design will offer a solution that will decrease the speed,
pressure and temperature of these gases--the potential and kinetic
energy--before they are expelled out of the silencer. The result of
this functionality is that the sound emitted by the fire arm will
also be decreased with the reduction of the parameters mentioned
above.
[0003] The currently known solutions for spending the gases energy
(speed, pressure and temperature) are either too complex, involving
many components, have very expensive to manufacture parts, are too
bulky and large in size, are difficult to maintain and rapidly
deteriorate as efficiency, or have reduced efficiency right from
the start.
[0004] There is presently no known design that solves all these
problems and does not have at least one or a combination of the
disadvantages above.
[0005] The current invention provides a simple, high-efficiency,
cheap, maintenance-free and practical solution to the prior art
disadvantages in order to reduce or eliminate sound in explosive
gas systems.
PRIOR ART
[0006] U.S. Pat. No. 9,500,108:
[0007] A silencer having an outer shell with a first opening at a
first end is configured with two flow paths and designed to
attenuate sound waves. A tube is positioned within the outer shell,
the tube having a first end and a second end forming a path through
the interior of the silencer. A baffle is positioned between the
inner tube and the outer shell to form a second path through the
silencer. The first path may be longer than the second path. The
sum of the cross-sectional areas of the first path and second path
may be equal to the cross-sectional area of the first opening.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,207,258:
[0008] Silencers are provided for a weapon having a combustion
chamber and a barrel. The weapon is configured to launch a
projectile with combustion gases generated in the combustion
chamber. An exemplary silencer includes a proximal end and a distal
end, the proximal end being configured for mounting the silencer to
the barrel, the distal end being configured to allow the projectile
to pass therethrough, and at least one vortex chamber disposed
between the proximal end and the distal end. The at least one
vortex chamber includes a circular peripheral wall for inducing a
vortex on a portion of the combustion gases expelled from the
combustion chamber during launch of the projectile. The vortex
impedes flow of the combustion gases from the barrel such that
acoustic energy associated with the launch of the projectile is
dissipated.
Prior Art Shortcomings
[0009] We have discovered that many of the failures which have
occurred in the prior art are related to complexity of the parts,
number of components, cost of manufacturing longitudinal and radial
size, durability before maintenance, difficulty to clean (U.S. Pat.
Nos. 8,579,075, 8,910,745, 5,164,535, 4,584,924, 8,973,481,
8,950,546, 5,029,512).
U.S. Pat. No. 9,500,108:
[0010] The disadvantage of this prior art solution is the need for
two very accurate spiral components, so that the two sound waves
meet in anti-phase (180.degree.). Also, the length the gases travel
is only equal to the length of the device.
[0011] The proposed solution under the current design offers an
extended length of the path for the gases to travel by using a
closed loop design where gases run multiple lengths of the
suppressor physical length. The components of the proposed device
are also few, cheap, and don't require manufacturing precision.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,207,258:
[0012] The disadvantage of this prior art solution is the fact that
it is based on capturing the combustion gases in closed, dead-end
type spaces with a vortex-based flow, where gas particles flowing
in one direction conflict with other particles going in an opposite
direction in a highly turbulent type of flow and based on a limited
space available, thus having a limited energy dissipation
efficiency. Most of the effect of this solution is based on just
capturing some of the gases, not the dynamic energy dissipation
(kinetic and thermal).
[0013] Another disadvantage of this prior art solution is that it
requires three separate coaxial chambers, which demands a large
overall outside diameter with implications on blocking the sighting
systems of the fire arm.
[0014] The proposed solution under the current invention solves the
disadvantages of the above design by being based on a continuous,
more laminar gas recirculation design where gases flow in just one
continuous closed loop direction in dedicated spaces, never
conflicting with gases coming from different directions and uses
multiple whole lengths of the device as the offered path for energy
dissipation.
[0015] Also the solution per the present invention allows for a
much tighter and compact design, close to the longitudinal axis,
thus not impeding with a sighting system as it may exist.
[0016] It is the task of the present invention to offer a solution
that solves the disadvantages of the prior art with a design having
the following advantages: [0017] 1. Compact size [0018] 2. Few
components [0019] 3. Simple and cheap to manufacture construction
[0020] 4. Excellent efficiency per units of size (longitudinal and
radial) [0021] 5. Easy maintenance and very reasonable cleaning
required. [0022] 6. The original design with closed loop
recirculation has excellent suppressing efficiency by using
progressive amortization during each loop and over multiple loop
around travels of the total length of the device. [0023] 7. It can
be customized to also work as a recoil absorbing device.
[0024] The system per the current invention is based on a cycle as
follows: [0025] a. A continuous and repeated closed-loop
recirculation along the length of the whole device, [0026] b. A
system to force the gas away from the longitudinal axis, [0027] c.
A way to turn the gas around by the front bulkhead cap through a
return path within a dedicated space between an internal tube and
external tube until they reach back to the rear bulkhead cap,
[0028] d. A lower pressure area in the area of the rear bulkhead
nozzle that allows the returned gas to go in through dedicated
slots and engage once more time to the central path toward the
front, [0029] e. This re-circulation cycle can be repeated more
than once and because this process is happening over a longer
period of time it allows for the kinetic and thermal energy, as
well as the pressure to gradually dissipate thus increasing the
efficiency of the device, without creating increased backpressure.
[0030] f. A feature of the current invention that contributes to
high efficiency of the device is the fact that the gas runs in only
one direction through dedicated spaces, never encounters a gas flow
coming from a different direction. [0031] g. At this same time, the
internal two-sense circulation of the gases contributes to reduce
the recoil of a firearm.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0032] The device as per the present invention solves the prior art
shortcomings and in accordance with the above principles of the
present invention, a new sound suppression device is provided based
on an original and novel idea of gas flow recirculation.
[0033] It is therefore, a feature and benefit of the present
invention to provide an improved sound suppressing system, using:
[0034] 1. A rear bulkhead cap as per the current invention,
composed of a body with a threaded hole along the longitudinal axis
of the main system, centered on said axis and having a long nozzle
front in order to prevent gas expansion and pressure build up in
the rest of the system before the opportune time and location;
[0035] 2. An inner tube coaxial with the rear cap and having front
and rear slots to allow gases to migrate radially, away from the
central axis and also toward the central axis at the front and
respectively at the rear of the tube; [0036] 3. An outer tube,
coaxial with the inner tube and the whole system, large enough in
diameter to allow gas flow in the space between the inner tube and
outer tube; [0037] 4. A helical spiral inside and along the whole
inner tube, in order to cause the high speed travelling gas
molecules to follow a helical path and, under the thusly imposed
centrifugal forces to be forced toward the periphery of the inner
tube. The longer path and friction would also cause them to slow
down and loose some of the thermal energy too by convection to the
tube; [0038] 5. A front bulkhead cap with a nozzle shape such that
it will capture the gas molecules that the helical spiral diverted
toward the periphery of the inner tube and lead them through the
front slots of the inner tube and back along a toroidal path into
the space between the inner tube and the outer tube, traveling now
back toward the rear where they initially came from; [0039] 6. When
reaching the rear of the system, the back travelling gas flow will
travel though the rear slots of the inner tube back toward the
center axis, pushed by the kinetic energy and the lower pressures
it will find in the rear of the system after the initial pulse of
high burst pressure had time to subside. [0040] 7. The gas
molecules will continue to have the same trajectory and loop around
the system as long as they still have the energy to do so. They
will gradually loose this energy and slow down over a longer period
of time thus discarding the energy that otherwise would have
resulted in a powerful sounding explosion. [0041] 8. Another
embodiment of the invention uses a compression spring and washer to
absorb some of the backpressure energy thus reducing the recoil of
a firearm.
DRAWINGS
General Note
[0042] Since many possible embodiments may be made of the invention
without departing from the scope thereof, it is to be understood
that all matter herein set forth or shown in the accompanying
drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative, and not in a
limiting sense.
[0043] In order that the invention is fully understood it will now
be described with reference to the following drawings in which:
[0044] FIG. 1 is a first drawing showing the five components of the
device per the present invention in an isometric exploded view.
[0045] FIG. 2 is a second drawing showing the same main components
in an assembled isometric cross-section view.
[0046] FIG. 3 is a third drawing showing a front cross-section view
of the device per the present invention with the direction of the
gases flow indicated by an arrow.
[0047] FIG. 4 is a front cross-section view of the device per the
present invention with arrows showing intermediate arrows to
demonstrate the effect of the helical spiral on the gas flow.
[0048] FIG. 5 is an FEA simulation in a front cross-section view of
the device per the present invention with particles showing the
actual flow of the gas within the device and the secondary return
flows created per the present invention.
[0049] FIG. 6 is an isometric partial cross section of the device
per the present invention with arrows and trajectories of gas
particles showing the actual flow of the gas within the device and
the secondary return flows created per the present invention.
REFERENCE NUMBERS
[0050] 1--Rear end cap/bulkhead with barrel adapter threaded hole.
[0051] 2--Helical diffuser, gas spreader [0052] 3--Inner tube with
front and back air passages. [0053] 4--Front end cap with "U"
shaped return wall. [0054] 5--Outer tube. [0055] 6--Rear end cap
nozzle [0056] 7--Rear cap threaded adapter hole for the gun barrel.
[0057] 8--Inner tube front passages. [0058] 9--Inner tube rear
passages. [0059] 10--Front end cap gas separation nose [0060]
11--Incoming air from the firearm flowing close to the axis. [0061]
12--Arrows: direction of particles being spun by the helical
diffuser and diverted into a spiral rotary path throwing them
toward the inner wall of the inner tube 3. [0062] 13--Arrows:
direction of particles separated by the front cap nose 10 and
turned around through the front passages 8 in between the inner
tube 3 and outer tube 5. [0063] 14--Arrows: direction of the
particles of gas being returned back through the rear passages 9 in
between the inner and outer tube. [0064] 15--Arrows: direction of
returning particles of gas being forced through the rear passages 9
of the inner tube 3 and returning one more time to the trajectory
inside the inner tube 3. [0065] 16--Particles of gas being spun
around and toward the periphery by the helical diffuser. [0066]
17--Representation of the closed loop cycle elliptical path of the
gas particles being returned back and going around. [0067]
18--Arrow Gas flow near the axis after being reduced by the
helicalspiral. [0068] 19--Arrow--Gas flow near the axis after being
further reduced by the helical spiral and the backflow. [0069]
20--Lower pressure area. [0070] 21--Inner chamber. [0071] 22--Outer
chamber. [0072] 23--Device axis. [0073] 24--"U"-shaped return wall
of the front end cap.
DESCRIPTION
[0074] In order that the current invention is fully understood it
will now be described by way of a handgun example of application.
The many features and advantages of the present invention are
apparent from the detailed specification, and thus, it is intended
by the appended claims to cover all such features and advantages of
the invention which fall within the spirit and scope of the
invention. Further, since numerous modifications and variations
will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired
to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation
illustrated and described, and accordingly, all suitable
modifications and equivalents may be resorted to falling within the
scope of the invention.
[0075] It is therefore, a feature and benefit of the present
invention to provide an improved sound reducing sighting system,
using am original gas recirculation concept, which returns and
reflows the pulse of gases until the pressure equalizes atmospheric
pressure.
[0076] The solution uses a total of 5 components: [0077] 1. A rear
cap/barrel adapter 1 as per the current invention, with a nozzle 6
and a threaded hole 7. [0078] 2. A helical diffuser/gas spreader 2.
[0079] 3. An inner tube 3 with front slots 8 and rear slots 9.
[0080] 4. A front cap 4 with a nozzle 10. [0081] 5. An outer tube
5.
[0082] The device per the present invention mounts onto the barrel
of a firearm by means of the threaded hole 7 in the rear cap 1. The
gases resulted from the gun powder explosion in the gun cartridge
enter the device per the present invention through the hole 7 in
the rear cap and then the nozzle 6 as shown by the arrow 11 in FIG.
3. At this point the gases come with a great speed, high pressure
and high temperature.
[0083] Immediately after leaving the nozzle 6, the gases start to
expand in the area of the inner chamber 21 of the inner tube 3
between the nozzle 6 and the first loops of the helical diffuser 2,
then some of the expanding gases hit the first loop of the diffuser
2. Each loop of the diffuser 2, diverts more and more of the gas
molecules and particles ejected from the barrel into a helical
motion and a spin 12 that forces them away from the center axis 23
toward the inner wall of the inner tube 3, as shown by the arrows
12 in FIG. 4. A very small percentage of the gases 11, 19, will
travel straight through and will not be diverted from a straight
path. This functionality has a few simultaneous effects: [0084]
Engages the gas particles onto a longer path slowing them down by
effect of friction onto the helical surface of the diffuser 2 and
inner wall of the inner tube 3. [0085] Cools the gas particles down
by conduction with the same surface of the diffuser 2 and inner
wall of the inner tube 3. [0086] The high speed of the gases 11
right of the nozzle 6 of the rear end cap, "steals" molecules of
gas in the area 20, creates a suction effect and creates in this
area a zone of lower pressure behind the nose of the nozzle 6 (the
Coanda effect).
[0087] By the time the gas wave reaches the reversed nozzle 10 of
the front cap 4, a large number of molecules are not in the center
anymore but travel into a corkscrew motion 12 around the periphery
of the inner tube 3 as forced by the helical spiral and by their
own expansion tendency. As a consequence, they will get diverted
this time backwards by the nozzle 10 and the round internal shape
24 of the front cap 4 toward the space in between the inner tube 3
and the outer tube 5 created by the front passages 8 and will start
travelling backwards, through the outer chamber 22, as shown by the
arrows 14 in FIG. 4. When the gases travelling forward hit the
nozzle 10 and the round toroidal shape 24 they create a higher
pressure area in the vicinity of the passages 8 that will help push
the gasses back in direction 14 though the outer chamber 22. As
they travel back in chamber 22 between tube 3 and 5, the gas
molecules loose more pressure, cool down and slow down even
more.
[0088] When the returning gas particles 14 in FIG. 4 reach the rear
passages 9 of the inner tube 3 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 3), the pressure in
the area of the rear cap 1 which by the Coanda effect was already
lower, has already further decreased considerably, so they will be
sucked in through the rear passages 9 back inside the inner chamber
21 of the inner tube 3 and will restart the same path they have
already gone through, only this time they will be slower, cooler
and at lower pressure. FIG. 5 shows the closed loop cycles 17 of
the gas particle trajectories that have been diverted by the
helical diffuser 2 and the arrows 11, 18 and 19 show the center
flow of gas particle trajectory that is smaller and smaller as it
is being deprived of a large portion of gas flow by the migration
of gas toward the periphery of the inner
* * * * *