U.S. patent application number 16/360657 was filed with the patent office on 2019-07-18 for processing planar workpieces.
The applicant listed for this patent is TRUMPF Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH + Co. KG. Invention is credited to Dominik Bitto, Rainer Hank, Christian Jakisch, Jens Kappes, Marc Klinkhammer, Markus Maatz, Joerg Neupert, Simon Ockenfuss, Leonard Schindewolf, Alexander Tatarczyk, Dennis Traenklein, Markus Wilhelm.
Application Number | 20190217368 16/360657 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 60083927 |
Filed Date | 2019-07-18 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20190217368 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Wilhelm; Markus ; et
al. |
July 18, 2019 |
PROCESSING PLANAR WORKPIECES
Abstract
Methods, devices and systems for machining plate-like
workpieces, in particular metal sheets, are provided. In one
aspect, a plate workpiece processing device has an upper tool and a
lower tool. The upper tool and the lower tool can be moved toward
each other to machine a workpiece arranged between. The upper tool
has a clamping shaft and a base body, which include a common
position axis. The upper tool also includes a machining tool
arranged on the base body, opposite the clamping shaft. The lower
tool has a base body which includes a supporting surface for the
workpiece and an opening located within the supporting surface. A
tool body accommodating the machining tool has a longitudinal axis
which is inclined with respect to the positioning axis of the upper
tool.
Inventors: |
Wilhelm; Markus; (Gerlingen,
DE) ; Bitto; Dominik; (Muenchingen, DE) ;
Hank; Rainer; (Eberdingen/Hochdorf, DE) ;
Klinkhammer; Marc; (Ditzingen, DE) ; Schindewolf;
Leonard; (Rutesheim, DE) ; Ockenfuss; Simon;
(Boeblingen, DE) ; Kappes; Jens;
(Leinfelden-Echterdingen, DE) ; Traenklein; Dennis;
(Nufringen, DE) ; Tatarczyk; Alexander;
(Hoeffingen, DE) ; Neupert; Joerg; (Stuttgart,
DE) ; Maatz; Markus; (Leinfelden-Echterdingen,
DE) ; Jakisch; Christian; (Boeblingen, DE) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
TRUMPF Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH + Co. KG |
Ditzingen |
|
DE |
|
|
Family ID: |
60083927 |
Appl. No.: |
16/360657 |
Filed: |
March 21, 2019 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
PCT/EP2017/074299 |
Sep 26, 2017 |
|
|
|
16360657 |
|
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Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B21D 28/34 20130101;
B21D 28/02 20130101; B21D 28/125 20130101; B21D 19/08 20130101;
B21D 35/001 20130101 |
International
Class: |
B21D 28/34 20060101
B21D028/34; B21D 19/08 20060101 B21D019/08; B21D 28/12 20060101
B21D028/12; B21D 35/00 20060101 B21D035/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Sep 26, 2016 |
DE |
102016118175.7 |
Oct 12, 2016 |
DE |
102016119435.2 |
Claims
1. A planar workpiece processing device, comprising: an upper tool
comprising: a clamping shaft; an upper main body, wherein the
clamping shaft and the upper main body have a joint positioning
axis; and a processing tool arranged opposite to the clamping shaft
on the upper main body; and a lower tool comprising: a lower main
body; and a rest surface and an opening disposed within the rest
surface, wherein the upper tool and the lower tool are moveable
towards one another to process a workpiece arranged therebetween,
and wherein the processing tool acting on the workpiece comprises a
tool body receiving the processing tool and having a longitudinal
axis inclined relative to the positioning axis of the upper
tool.
2. The planar workpiece processing device of claim 1, wherein the
processing tool is inclined relative to the positioning axis in an
angular range from 0.degree. to 90.degree..
3. The planar workpiece processing device of claim 1, wherein the
processing tool is formed as a cutting tool and at least one
cutting edge is provided at a free end of the tool body.
4. The planar workpiece processing device of claim 3, wherein the
at least one cutting edge has a punch surface oriented at right
angles to the longitudinal axis of the tool body, and wherein a
counter cutting edge positioned in the opening is provided on the
lower tool.
5. The planar workpiece processing device of claim 4, wherein the
counter cutting edge is arranged in the rest surface of the lower
main body of the lower tool or elevated in a direction of the upper
tool relative to the rest surface.
6. The planar workpiece processing device of claim 4, wherein a
cutting surface is provided adjacently to the counter cutting edge
and is oriented at an incline or parallel to the longitudinal axis
of the tool body.
7. The planar workpiece processing device of claim 6, wherein a
counter die is provided at a distance from the cutting surface.
8. The planar workpiece processing device of claim 4, wherein a
support surface adjacent to the counter cutting edge is inclined
relative to the rest surface on the lower main body of the lower
tool and protrudes relative thereto in a direction of the upper
tool.
9. The planar workpiece processing device of claim 8, wherein the
support face is adapted in respect of its angle to a bent portion
on the workpiece to be processed,
10. The planar workpiece processing device of claim 1, wherein the
processing tool is formed as at least one of a signing tool, an
engraving tool, an embossing tool with an embossing element, a
bending tool, and a shaping tool.
11. The planar workpiece processing device of claim 1, wherein the
tool body is formed as one of a bending tool having at least one
bending edge and a shaping tool having a punch surface and a
shaping element arranged thereon.
12. A planar workpiece processing machine, comprising: an upper
tool comprising: a clamping shaft; an upper main body, wherein the
clamping shaft and the upper main body have a joint positioning
axis; and a processing tool arranged opposite to the clamping shaft
on the upper main body, wherein the upper tool is moveable with an
upper stroke movement along an upper stroke axis by an upper stroke
drive device in a first direction of a workpiece to be processed by
the upper tool and in a second, opposite direction, and is
positionable along the joint positioning axis running perpendicular
to the upper stroke axis and displaceable with an upper traversing
movement by an upper drive assembly along the joint positioning
axis; a lower tool comprising: a lower main body; and a rest
surface and an opening disposed within the rest surface, wherein
the lower tool is oriented relative to the upper tool, and the
lower tool is movable with a lower stroke movement along a lower
stroke axis by a lower stroke drive device in a direction of the
upper tool and positionable along a lower positioning axis and
moveable with a lower traversing movement by a lower drive assembly
along the lower positioning axis; and a controller configured to
control the upper and lower drive assemblies to move the upper tool
and the lower tool, respectively, wherein the upper traversing
movement of the upper tool along the joint positioning axis and the
lower traversing movement of the lower tool along the lower
positioning axis are controllable independently of one another,
wherein the upper tool and the lower tool are moveable towards one
another to process the workpiece arranged therebetween, wherein the
processing tool acting on the workpiece comprises a tool body
receiving the processing tool and having a longitudinal axis
inclined relative to the joint positioning axis of the upper tool,
and wherein at least one of the upper tool and the lower tool is
controllable with a corresponding stroke movement lying outside a
corresponding stroke axis.
13. A method of processing planar workpieces, comprising:
positioning a workpiece to be processed between an upper tool and a
lower tool of a planar workpiece processing device; moving the
upper tool along a stroke axis with an upper stroke movement by a
stroke drive device in at least one of a first direction of the
workpiece to be processed and a second, opposite direction;
displacing the upper tool with an upper traversing movement by a
first drive assembly along an upper positioning axis running
perpendicular to the stroke axis; displacing the lower tool
oriented relative to the upper tool with a lower traversing
movement by a second motor drive assembly along a lower positioning
axis oriented perpendicular to the stroke axis; and processing the
workpiece by the planar workpiece processing device, wherein the
first and second drive assemblies are actuated by a controller to
move the upper tool and the lower tool, respectively, wherein the
upper tool comprises a clamping shaft, an upper main body, and a
processing tool arranged opposite to the clamping shaft on the
upper main body, wherein the clamping shaft and the upper main body
have the upper positioning axis as a joint positioning axis, and
wherein the processing tool acting on the workpiece comprises a
tool body receiving the processing tool and having a longitudinal
axis inclined relative to the upper positioning axis of the upper
tool, wherein the lower tool comprises a lower main body and a rest
surface for the workpiece and an opening disposed within the rest
surface, wherein the upper tool and the lower tool are moveable
towards one another to process the workpiece arranged therebetween,
and wherein at least one of the upper tool and the lower tool is
controllable with a corresponding stroke movement lying outside a
corresponding stroke axis.
14. The method of claim 13, comprising: controlling the upper tool
to move with a linear stroke movement inclined relative to the
stroke axis or a curved or arcuate stroke movement relative to the
stroke axis.
15. The method of claim 13, comprising: displacing the upper tool
by a particular stroke movement along the stroke axis towards the
lower tool and then along the upper positioning axis relative to
the lower tool that is positioned stationary.
16. The method of claim 13, comprising orienting a cutting gap in
the workpiece by at least one of adjusting at least one of the
upper tool and the lower tool by a rotary movement about a
corresponding positioning axis to orient the upper tool and the
lower tool relative to one another, displacing at least one of the
upper tool and the lower tool along the corresponding positioning
axis, and controlling at least one of the upper tool and the lower
tool with a superposition of the rotary movement about the
corresponding positioning axis and a corresponding traversing
movement along the corresponding positioning axis.
17. The method of claim 13, comprising adjusting a cutting gap
width between a cutting edge of the upper tool and at least one of
an inner counter cutting edge of the lower tool and an outer
counter cutting edge of the lower tool by at least one of adjusting
at least one of the upper tool and the lower tool by a rotary
movement about a corresponding positioning axis to orient the upper
tool and the lower tool relative to one another, displacing at
least one of the upper tool and the lower tool along the
corresponding positioning axis, and controlling at least one of the
upper tool and the lower tool with a superposition of the rotary
movement about the corresponding positioning axis and a
corresponding traversing movement along the corresponding
positioning axis.
18. The method of claim 13, wherein the upper tool and the lower
tool are formed as a punch and a die, respectively.
19. The method of claim 13, comprising: producing a bent portion on
the workpiece by displacing the upper tool towards the lower tool
by a particular stroke movement along the stroke axis; and shaping
the bent portion with a pivoting and bending movement by displacing
the upper tool with a subsequent traversing movement along the
upper positioning axis relative to the lower tool.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation of and claims priority
under 35 U.S.C. .sctn. 120 from PCT Application No.
PCT/EP2017/074299 filed on Sep. 26, 2017, which claims priority
from German Application No. 10 2016 118 175.7, filed on Sep. 26,
2016, and German Application No. 10 2016 119 435.2, filed on Oct.
12, 2016. The entire contents of each of these priority
applications are incorporated herein by reference.
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The invention relates to a tool and a machine tool and a
method for processing planar workpieces, preferably metal
sheets.
BACKGROUND
[0003] A machine tool of this kind is known from EP 2 527 058 B 1.
That document discloses a machine tool in the form of a press for
processing workpieces, wherein an upper tool is provided on a
stroke device, which is moveable, relative to a workpiece to be
processed, along a stroke axis in the direction of the workpiece
and in the opposite direction. A lower tool is provided in the
stroke axis and opposite the upper tool and is positioned towards a
lower side. A stroke drive device for a stroke movement of the
upper tool is controlled by a wedge gear. The stroke drive device
with the upper tool arranged thereon is moveable along a
positioning axis. The lower tool is moved synchronously relative to
the upper tool by means of a motor drive.
[0004] Document DE 10 2006 049 044 A1 discloses a tool for
processing planar workpieces which for example is useable in a
machine tool according to EP 2 527 058 B1. This tool for cutting
and/or shaping planar workpieces comprises a punch and a die. In
order to process a workpiece arranged between the punch and the
die, these are moved towards one another in a stroke direction. A
cutting tool with a cutting edge is arranged on the punch, and at
least two counter cutting edges are provided on the die. The punch
and the die are rotatable relative to one another about a common
positioning axis. The counter cutting edges are oriented here
relative to the common positioning axis in such a way that the
cutting edge of the cutting tool can be positioned relative to the
counter cutting edges by means of a rotary movement of the cutting
tool of the punch. The counter cutting edges are arranged at a
distance from the positioning axis corresponding to the distance of
the cutting edge from the common positioning axis.
[0005] Document EP 2 177 289 B1 also discloses a tool for cutting
and/or shaping planar workpieces. This tool comprises a punch and a
die that are again oriented relative to one another in a common
positioning axis. The punch is mounted rotatably about this
positioning axis so that at least one cutting edge of a cutting
tool on the punch can be oriented relative to the at least one
counter cutting edge on the die. The die comprises an opening in a
rest surface for a workpiece, through which opening separated
workpiece parts can be discharged. Adjacently to the opening there
is provided a further counter cutting edge, which is arranged at
the same distance from the positioning axis as the further counter
cutting edge in the opening. A discharge surface of the metal sheet
is provided on the counter cutting edge of the die disposed outside
the opening. In this tool as well the distance of the counter
cutting edges to the positioning axis corresponds to the distance
of the cutting edge on the cutting tool of the punch from the
positioning axis.
[0006] Document WO 02/043 892 A2 discloses a tool for cutting
planar workpieces having an upper and a lower tool. The upper tool
comprises a clamping shaft and a main body, which lie in a common
positioning axis. A processing tool is provided on the main body
and is opposite the clamping shaft. The lower tool comprises a main
body with a rest surface for the workpiece and an opening within
the rest surface. A cutting edge of the processing tool is oriented
at an incline relative to a plane of the workpiece in order to form
slots.
SUMMARY
[0007] One of the objects of the invention is to propose a tool and
a machine tool and a method for cutting and/or shaping planar
workpieces by means of which the versatility of the processing of
workpieces is increased.
[0008] One aspect of the invention features a tool for cutting
and/or shaping planar workpieces, in particular metal sheets,
having the features of claim 1.
[0009] The tool for processing planar workpieces has a processing
tool acting on the workpiece, wherein a tool body receiving the
processing tool has a longitudinal axis which is inclined relative
to the tool rotation axis or the positioning axis of the upper
tool. This processing tool is preferably provided on the upper
tool. By controlling a stroke movement of the upper tool, which can
be controlled by a superposition of a traversing movement in the Y
direction and in the Z direction, a stroke movement that deviates
from a vertical stroke movement, in particular that is slanted, can
be performed. By means of a slanted stroke movement of this kind,
it is made possible for slanted cuts to be formed in a workpiece or
a workpiece edge. For example, this makes it possible to produce
slanted part edges. It is also possible to prepare welding edges on
workpieces. In addition, it is possible that, when forming bent
portions which are raised relative to a workpiece plane, a
processing, in particular a punching stroke, can be performed. A
right-angled part edge or also a slanted part edge can be
introduced at a bent portion of this kind. In addition, further
processing operations, such as bending, engraving or shaping, can
be made possible by a tool body inclined relative to the
positioning axis.
[0010] The orientation for a cut face on the workpiece can be
determined by the inclination of the longitudinal axis of the tool
body. A stroke movement of the upper tool towards the lower tool
can preferably also be controlled in such a way that said movement
runs along the longitudinal axis of the tool body.
[0011] It is preferably provided that the longitudinal axis of the
processing tool is inclined relative to the positioning axis at an
angle of up to 90.degree.. For example, this makes it possible,
when a workpiece is resting on a workpiece rest surface, that
processing of the end face or end side of the workpiece is also
made possible, said end face or end side possibly being oriented
for example perpendicularly to a rest surface of the workpiece.
[0012] In accordance with a first embodiment of the processing tool
it is provided that this is formed as a cutting tool and the free
end of the tool body has at least one cutting edge. Various cut
contours or processing operations can be performed by the contour
of a cutting edge of this kind and correspondingly with a counter
cutting edge on the die.
[0013] A punch surface is preferably provided on the tool body and
is preferably oriented at right angles to the longitudinal axis of
the tool body, wherein at least one cutting edge is provided on the
punch surface. The entire punch surface may advantageously be
delimited by a peripheral cutting edge. For example, by means of a
tool body of this kind, which on a punch surface has an upper and
lower cutting edge and lateral cutting edges, which connect the
upper and lower cutting edge, both a lower and an upper chamfer can
be formed on the workpiece in a simple way. Furthermore, it is
preferably provided that a counter cutting edge of the die lies in
the rest surface of the main body of the lower tool. If an upper
tool with an inclined tool main body is moved towards the die, a
slanted cutting edge can be produced on the workpiece resting on
the die.
[0014] Alternatively, it can be provided that a support surface
adjacent to the counter cutting edge is inclined relative to the
support surface on the main body of the lower tool and preferably
protrudes relative thereto in the direction of the upper tool. The
inclination of the support surface corresponds advantageously to
the inclination of the punch surface. In the event of a stroke
movement oriented perpendicularly to the support surface, a
right-angled part edge can be produced in the case of a bent
workpiece part.
[0015] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that a cutting
surface is provided adjacently to the counter cutting edge and is
formed at an incline or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the
tool main body. Here, the tool body can be supported during the
stroke movement. The cutting surface is preferably inclined
relative to the longitudinal axis of the tool body, such that the
cutting surface is distanced from the tool body as the working
stroke of the tool body increases.
[0016] A further embodiment of the tool provides that a counter die
is provided, which is distanced from the cutting surface. Here, it
is provided that the distance is adapted to the thickness or size
of the tool body which is guided during the cutting surface and the
counter die during a stroke movement. By means of a counter die of
this kind, an undesirable lifting of the work piece from the rest
surface of the die can be prevented.
[0017] The support surface of the die adjacent to the counter
cutting edge is preferably adapted in respect of its angle to a
bent portion on the workpiece to be processed. Thus, the previously
formed angle of the bent portion can be maintained while the bent
portion is being processed.
[0018] In accordance with an alternative embodiment of the
workpiece it is provided that this is formed as a signing tool or
engraving tool. By means of the inclined orientation of the signing
or engraving tool, a marking can be made on a bent portion or an
end side of the workpiece.
[0019] Furthermore, it is alternatively provided that the tool is a
bending and/or shaping tool. Various contours can thus be formed in
the workpiece.
[0020] A further alternative of the tool provides that this is
formed as an embossing tool.
[0021] Another aspect of the invention features a machine tool for
processing planar workpieces in which the traversing movement of
the upper tool along the upper positioning access and the
traversing movement of the lower tool along the lower positioning
access can be controlled independently of one another and a tool
body is provided for processing workpieces, in which tool body a
processing tool is inclined relative to the positioning axis of the
upper tool. A stroke movement of the upper tool and/or the lower
tool that lies outside the Z axis and can be superposed by a
movement along the Y axis can be controlled by the machine-tool.
The versatility both in respect of the processing and the use of
tools is thus increased.
[0022] A further aspect of the invention features methods for
processing planar workpieces, in which a tool is used which has a
processing tool oriented at an incline relative to the positioning
axis of the tool and in which the upper tool and/or the lower tool
is controlled with a stroke movement lying outside the stroke axis.
The versatility of the processing of workpieces can thus be
increased.
[0023] It is preferably provided that a stroke movement of the
upper tool and/or of the lower tool which has an inclined linear
stroke movement relative to a stroke axis is controlled. For
example, this inclined linear stroke movement can be oriented along
a longitudinal axis of the tool body on the processing tool.
Alternatively, it can be provided that a curved or arcuate stroke
movement relative to the stroke axis, in particular the Z axis, is
controlled. By means of the corresponding parameters for moving the
upper tool relative to the lower tool, not only can cuts or
material-removing operations be performed, but also rounding
operations or shaping operations producing rounded or curved
contours.
[0024] A further embodiment for processing workpieces preferably
provides that the upper tool is moved by a stroke movement along
the stroke axis towards the lower tool and is then moved along an
upper positioning access, wherein, during the stroke movement and
the subsequent traversing movement along the positioning axis, the
lower tool is positioned in a stationary manner. For example, a
pivoting and bending processing operation can be carried out on a
tab that has been cut free in the workpiece. Thus, a bent portion
can also be produced. The pivot angle of the bent portion can be
adjusted depending on the path of movement along the stroke access
and along the positioning axis. If, for example, a bent portion
through 90.degree. has been produced by a stroke movement of the
upper tool relative to the lower tool, a subsequent traversing
movement along the upper positioning access can introduce a further
pivoting movement of the bent portion, such that the tab or bent
portion can be bent by more than 90.degree. relative to a workpiece
plane.
[0025] It is furthermore preferably provided that the upper tool
and/or lower tool are controlled by a rotary movement about the
positioning axis thereof and/or by a traversing movement along the
particular positioning axis in order to orient the upper and lower
tool relative to a cutting gap in the tool or to adjust a cutting
gap width between the cutting edge of the punch and a counter
cutting edge of the die or to sever a remaining connection.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0026] The invention and further advantageous embodiments and
developments thereof will be described and explained in greater
detail hereinafter with reference to the examples shown in the
drawings. The features inferred from the description and the
drawings can be applied in accordance with the invention
individually or in any combination. In the drawings:
[0027] FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the machine tool;
[0028] FIG. 2 shows a schematic depiction of the fundamental
structure of a stroke drive device and a motor drive according to
FIG. 1,
[0029] FIG. 3 shows a schematic graph of a superposed stroke
movement in the Y and Z direction of the ram according to FIG.
1;
[0030] FIG. 4 shows a schematic graph of a further superposed
stroke movement in the Y and Z direction of the ram according to
FIG. 1;
[0031] FIG. 5 shows a schematic view from above of the machine tool
according to FIG. 1 with workpiece rest surfaces;
[0032] FIG. 6 shows a schematic side view of a first embodiment of
a tool for a slanted punching stroke;
[0033] FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the tool according to
FIG. 6;
[0034] FIG. 8 shows a schematic side view of an alternative
embodiment of the tool as compared to FIG. 6;
[0035] FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the tool according to
FIG. 8;
[0036] FIG. 10 shows a schematic side view of a further alternative
embodiment of the tool as compared to FIG. 6;
[0037] FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the tool according to
FIG. 10 in a working position;
[0038] FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of a further alternative
embodiment of the tool as compared to FIG. 6;
[0039] FIG. 13 shows a further perspective view of the embodiment
of the tool in FIG. 12;
[0040] FIG. 14 shows a schematic side view of a further alternative
embodiment of a tool;
[0041] FIG. 15 shows a perspective view of an alternative
embodiment of the tool as compared to FIG. 8;
[0042] FIG. 16 shows a perspective view of a tool for embossing the
workpiece;
[0043] FIG. 17 shows a perspective view of a tool for shaping the
workpiece;
[0044] FIG. 18 shows a perspective view of the tool for pivoting
and bending the workpiece;
[0045] FIGS. 19-22 show schematic side views depicting a pivoting
and bending processing operation on a workpiece; and
[0046] FIG. 23 shows a schematic side view of a further alternative
embodiment of the tool for bending the workpiece.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] FIG. 1 shows a machine tool 1 which is configured as a punch
press. This machine tool 1 comprises a supporting structure with a
closed machine frame 2. This comprises two horizontal frame limbs
3, 4 and two vertical frame limbs 5 and 6. The machine frame 2
surrounds a frame interior 7, which forms the working area of the
machine tool 1 with an upper tool 11 and a lower tool 9.
[0048] The machine tool 1 is used to process planar workpieces 10,
which for the sake of simplicity have not been shown in FIG. 1 and
can be arranged in the frame interior 7 for processing purposes. A
workpiece 10 to be processed is placed on a workpiece support 8
provided in the frame interior 7. The lower tool 9, for example in
the form of a die, is mounted in a recess in the workpiece support
8 on the lower horizontal frame limb 4 of the machine frame 2. This
die can be provided with a die opening. In the case of a punching
operation the upper tool 11 formed as a punch dips into the die
opening of the lower tool formed as a die.
[0049] The upper tool 11 and lower tool 9, instead of being formed
by a punch and a die for punching, can also be formed by a bending
punch and a bending die for shaping workpieces 10.
[0050] The upper tool 11 is fixed in a tool receptacle on a lower
end of a ram 12. The ram 12 is part of a stroke drive device 13, by
means of which the upper tool 11 can be moved in a stroke direction
along a stroke axis 14. The stroke axis 14 runs in the direction of
the Z axis of the coordinate system of a numerical controller 15 of
the machine tool 1 indicated in FIG. 1. The stroke drive device 13
can be moved perpendicular to the stroke axis 14 along a
positioning axis 16 in the direction of the double-headed arrow.
The positioning axis 16 runs in the direction of the Y direction of
the coordinate system of the numerical controller 15. The stroke
drive device 13 receiving the upper tool 11 is moved along the
positioning axis 16 by means of a motor drive 17.
[0051] The movement of the ram 12 along the stroke axis 14 and the
positioning of the stroke drive device 13 along the positioning
axis 16 are achieved by means of a motor drive 17, which can be
configured in the form of a drive assembly 17, in particular a
spindle drive assembly, with a drive spindle 18 running in the
direction of the positioning axis 16 and fixedly connected to the
machine frame 2. The stroke drive device 13, in the event of
movements along the positioning axis 16, is guided on two three
guide rails 19 of the upper frame limb 3, of which guide rails 19
can be seen in FIG. 1. The other guide rail 19 runs parallel to the
visible guide rail 19 and is distanced therefrom in the direction
of the X axis of the coordinate system of the numerical controller
15. Guide shoes 20 of the stroke drive device 13 run on the guide
rails 19. The mutual engagement of the guide rail 19 and the guide
shoe 20 is such that this connection between the guide rails 19 and
the guide shoes 20 can also bear a load acting in the vertical
direction. The stroke device 13 is mounted on the machine frame 2
accordingly via the guide shoes 20 and the guide rails 19. A
further component of the stroke drive device 13 is a wedge gear 21,
by means of which the position of the upper tool 11 relative to the
lower tool 9 is adjustable.
[0052] The lower tool 9 is received moveably along a lower
positioning axis 25. This lower positioning axis 25 runs in the
direction of the Y axis of the coordinate system of the numerical
controller 15. The lower positioning axis 25 is preferably oriented
parallel to the upper positioning axis 16. The lower tool 9 can be
moved directly on the lower positioning axis 16 by means of a motor
drive assembly 26 along the positioning axis 25. Alternatively or
additionally the lower tool 9 can also be provided on a stroke
drive device 27, which is moveable along the lower positioning axis
25 by means of the motor drive assembly 26. This drive assembly 26
is preferably configured as a spindle drive assembly. The lower
stroke drive device 27 can correspond in respect of its structure
to the upper stroke drive device 13. The motor drive assembly 26
likewise may correspond to the motor drive assembly 17.
[0053] The lower stroke drive device 27 is likewise mounted
displaceably on guide rails 19 associated with a lower horizontal
frame limb 4. Guide shoes 20 of the stroke drive device 27 run on
the guide rails 19, such that the connection between the guide
rails 19 and guide shoes 20 at the lower tool 9 can also bear a
load acting in the vertical direction. Accordingly, the stroke
drive device 27 is also mounted on the machine frame 2 via the
guide shoe 20 and the guide rails 19, moreover at a distance from
the guide rails 19 and guide shoes 20 of the upper stroke drive
device 13. The stroke drive device 27 may also comprise a wedge
gear 21, by means of which the position or height of the lower tool
9 along the Z axis is adjustable.
[0054] By means of the numerical controller 15, both the motor
drives 17 for a traversing movement of the upper tool 11 along the
upper positioning axis 16 and the one or more motor drives 26 for a
traversing movement of the lower tool 9 along the lower positioning
axis 25 can be controlled independently of one another. The upper
and lower tool 11, 9 are thus moveable synchronously in the
direction of the Y axis of the coordinate system. An independent
traversing movement of the upper and lower tool 11, 9 in different
directions can also be controlled. This independent traversing
movement of the upper and lower tool 11, 9 can be controlled
simultaneously. As a result of the decoupling of the traversing
movement between the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9, an
increased versatility of the processing of workpieces 10 can be
attained. The upper and lower tool can also be configured to
process the workpieces 10 in many ways.
[0055] One component of the stroke drive device 13 is the wedge
gear 21, which is shown in FIG. 2. The wedge gear 21 comprises two
drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123, and two output-side wedge
gear elements 124, 125. The latter are combined structurally to
form a unit in the form of an output-side double wedge 126. The ram
12 is mounted on the output-side double wedge 126 so as to be
rotatable about the stroke axis 14. A motor rotary drive device 128
is accommodated in the output-side double wedge 126 and advances
the ram 12 about the stroke axis 14 as necessary. Here, both a
left-handed and a right-handed rotation of the ram 12 in accordance
with the double-headed arrow in FIG. 2 is possible. A ram mounting
129 is shown schematically. On the one hand, the ram mounting 129
allows low-friction rotary movements of the ram 12 about the stroke
axis 14, and on the other hand the ram mounting 129 supports the
ram 12 in the axial direction and accordingly dissipates loads that
act on the ram 12 in the direction of the stroke axis 14 in the
output-side double wedge 126.
[0056] The output-side double wedge 126 is defined by a wedge
surface 130, and by a wedge surface 131 of the output-side gear
element 125. Wedge surfaces 132, 133 of the drive-side wedge gear
elements 122, 123 are arranged opposite the wedge surfaces 130, 131
of the output-side wedge gear elements 124, 125. By means of
longitudinal guides 134, 135, the drive-side wedge gear element 122
and the output-side wedge gear element 124, and also the drive-side
wedge gear element 123 and the output-side wedge gear element 125,
are guided moveably relative to one another in the direction of the
Y axis, that is to say in the direction of the positioning axis 16
of the stroke drive device 13.
[0057] The drive-side wedge gear element 122 has a motor drive unit
138, and the drive-side wedge gear element 123 has a motor drive
unit 139. Both drive units 138, 139 together form the spindle drive
assembly 17.
[0058] The drive spindle 18 shown in FIG. 1 is common to the motor
drive units 138, 139 and is configured in the form of a drive
device that is mounted on the machine frame 2 and consequently on
the supporting structure.
[0059] The drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123 are operated by
the motor drive units 138, 139 in such a way that said wedge gear
elements move, for example, towards one another along the
positioning axis 16, whereby a relative movement is performed
between the drive-side wedge gear elements 122, 123 on the one hand
and the output-side wedge gear elements 124, 125 on the other hand.
As a result of this relative movement, the output-side double wedge
126 and the ram 12 mounted thereon is moved downwardly along the
stroke axis 14. The punch 11 mounted for example on the ram 12
performs a working stroke and in so doing processes a workpiece 10
mounted on the workpiece rest 28, 29 or the workpiece support 8. By
means of an opposite movement of the drive wedge elements 122, 123,
the ram 12 is in turn raised or moved upwardly along the stroke
axis 14.
[0060] The above-described stroke drive device 13 according to FIG.
2 is preferably of the same design as the lower stroke drive device
27 and receives the lower tool 9.
[0061] FIG. 3 shows a schematic graph of a possible stroke movement
of the ram 12. The graph shows a stroke profile along the Y axis
and the Z axis. By means of a superposed control of a traversing
movement of the ram 12 along the stroke axis 14 and along the
positioning axis 16, an obliquely running stroke movement of the
stroke ram 12 downwardly towards the workpiece 10 can, for example,
be controlled, as shown by the first straight line A. Once the
stroke has been performed, the ram 12 can then be lifted
vertically, for example, as illustrated by the straight line B. For
example, an exclusive traversing movement along the Y axis is then
performed in accordance with the straight line C, in order to
position the ram 12 for a new working position relative to the
workpiece 10. For example, the previously described working
sequence can then be repeated. If the workpiece 10 is moved on the
workpiece rest surface 28, 29 for a subsequent processing step, a
traversing movement along the straight line C may also be
spared.
[0062] The possible stroke movement of the ram 12 on the upper tool
11 shown in the graph in FIG. 3 is preferably combined with a lower
tool 9 that is held stationary. Here, the lower tool 9 is
positioned within the machine frame 2 in such a way that, at the
end of a working stroke of the upper tool 11, the upper and lower
tool 11, 9 assume a defined position.
[0063] This exemplary, superposed stroke profile can be controlled
both for the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9. Depending on the
processing of the workpiece 10 that is to be performed, a
superposed stroke movement of the upper tool and/or lower tool 9
can be controlled.
[0064] FIG. 4 shows a schematic graph illustrating a stroke
movement of the ram 12 in accordance with the line D, shown by way
of example, along a Y axis and a Z axis. In contrast to FIG. 3, it
is provided in this exemplary embodiment that a stroke movement of
the ram 12 can pass through a curve profile or arc profile by
controlling a superposition of the traversing movements in the Y
direction and Z direction appropriately by the controller 15. By
means of a versatile superposition of this kind of the traversing
movements in the X direction and Z direction, specific processing
tasks can be performed. The control of a curve profile of this kind
can be provided both for the upper tool 11 and/or lower tool 9.
[0065] FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of the machine tool 1
according to FIG. 1. Workpiece rests 28, 29 extend laterally in one
direction each on the machine frame 2 of the machine tool 1. The
workpiece rest 28 can, for example, be associated with a loading
station (not shown in greater detail), by means of which
unprocessed workpieces 10 are placed on the workpiece rest surface
28. A feed device 22 is provided adjacently to the workpiece rest
surface 28, 29 and comprises a plurality of grippers 23, in order
to grip the workpiece 10 placed on the workpiece rest 28. The
workpiece 10 is guided through the machine frame 2 in the X
direction by means of the feed device 22. The feed device 22 may
also preferably be controlled so as to be moveable in the Y
direction. A free traversing movement of the workpiece 10 in the
X-Y plane may thus be provided. Depending on the work task, the
workpiece 10 may be moveable by the feed device 22 both in the X
direction and against the X direction. This movement of the
workpiece 10 can be adapted to a movement of the upper tool 11 and
lower tool 9 in and against the Y direction for the processing work
task at hand.
[0066] The further workpiece rest 29 is provided on the machine
frame 2 opposite the workpiece rest 28. This further workpiece rest
can be associated, for example, with an unloading station.
Alternatively, the loading of the unprocessed workpiece 10 and
unloading of the processed workpiece 10 having workpieces 81 can
also be associated with the same workpiece rest 28, 29.
[0067] The machine tool 1 may furthermore comprise a laser
processing device 201, in particular a laser cutting machine, which
is shown merely schematically in a plan view in FIG. 5. This laser
processing device 201 may be configured, for example, as a CO2
laser cutting machine. The laser processing device 201 comprises a
laser source 202, which generates a laser beam 203, which is guided
by means of a beam guide 204 (shown schematically) to a laser
processing head, in particular laser cutting head 206, and is
focused therein. The laser beam 204 is then oriented
perpendicularly to the surface of the workpiece 10 by a cutting
nozzle, in order to process the workpiece 10. The laser beam 203
acts on the workpiece 10 at the processing location, in particular
cutting location, preferably jointly with a process gas beam. The
cutting point, at which the laser beam 203 impinges on the
workpiece 10, is adjacent to the processing point of the upper tool
11 and lower tool 9.
[0068] The laser cutting head 206 is moveable by a linear drive 207
having a linear axis system at least in the Y direction, preferably
in the Y and Z direction. This linear axis system, which receives
the laser cutting head 206, can be associated with the machine
frame 2, fixed thereto or integrated therein. A beam passage
opening 210 is provided in the workpiece rest 28, below a working
space of the laser cutting head 206. A beam capture device for the
laser beam 21 may be provided preferably beneath the beam passage
opening 210. The beam passage opening 210 and as applicable the
beam capture device can also be configured as one unit.
[0069] The laser processing device 201 may alternatively also
comprise a solid-state laser as laser source 202, the radiation of
which is guided to the laser cutting head 206 with the aid of a
fibre-optic cable.
[0070] The workpiece rest 28, 29 can extend until directly at the
workpiece support 8, which at least partially surrounds the lower
tool 9. Within a resultant free space created therebetween, the
lower tool 9 is moveable along the lower positioning axis 25 in and
against the Y direction.
[0071] For example, a processed workpiece 10 lies on the workpiece
rest 28 and has a workpiece part 81 cut free by a cutting gap 83,
for example by punching or by laser beam processing, apart from a
remaining connection 82. The workpiece 81 is held in the workpiece
10 or the remaining sheet skeleton by means of this remaining
connection. In order to separate the workpiece part 81 from the
workpiece 10, the workpiece 10 is positioned by means of the feed
device 22 relative to the upper and lower tool 11, 9 for a
separation and discharge step. Here, the remaining connection 82 is
separated by a punching stroke of the upper tool 11 relative to the
lower tool 9. The workpiece part 81 can, for example, be discharged
downwardly by partially lowering of the workpiece support 8.
Alternatively, in the case of larger workpiece parts 81, the
cut-free workpiece part 81 can be transferred back again to the
workpiece rest 28 or onto the workpiece rest 29 in order to unload
the workpiece part 81 and the sheet skeleton. Small workpiece parts
81 may also be discharged optionally through an opening in the
lower tool 9.
[0072] FIG. 6 shows a schematic side view of a first embodiment of
a tool 31. FIG. 7 shows a perspective view of the tool 31 according
to FIG. 6. The tool 31 is formed as a punching tool and comprises a
punch 11, which forms the upper tool, and a die 9, which forms the
lower tool. The punch 11 has a main body 33 with a clamping shaft
34 and an adjustment or indexing element or an adjustment or
indexing wedge 36. The clamping shaft 34 is used to fix the punch
11 in the machine-side upper tool receptacle. Here, the orientation
of the punch 11 and/or the rotary position of the punch 11 are/is
determined by the indexing wedge 36. The punch 11 is rotated here
about a positioning axis 35. This positioning axis 35 forms a
longitudinal axis of the clamping shaft 34 and preferably also a
longitudinal axis of the main body 33. As a result of the punch 11
assuming the rotary position in the upper tool receptacle, a
processing tool 37, which is shown as a cutting tool in the
exemplary embodiment, is oriented relative to the die 9. The die 9
likewise comprises a main body 41, which is suitable to be fixed in
a defined rotary position in the machine-side lower tool
receptacle, for example by at least one indexing element 42. The
die 9 is rotatable about a positioning axis 48. This forms a
longitudinal axis or longitudinal centre axis of the main body 41.
A stripper or holding-down device (not shown in greater detail) can
be provided between the punch 11 and the die 9.
[0073] The die 9 has an opening 46 in the main body 41, which
opening is preferably delimited by a peripheral rest surface 47.
This opening 46 preferably penetrates fully through the main body
41, such that workpiece parts 81 cut off or cut free can be
discharged through this opening 46.
[0074] The processing tool 37 on the punch 11 comprises a tool body
39, at the free end of which there is provided a cutting edge 38.
This cutting edge 38 may be peripheral. Alternatively, the cutting
edge 38 may also be formed only in the region of a cutting surface
56. A longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 is inclined by an
angle .alpha. relative to the positioning axis 35. The longitudinal
axis 40 of the tool body 39 lies outside the positioning axis 35.
In the exemplary embodiment the tool body 39 is formed as an
elongate rectangular body. A punch surface 43 is provided at the
free end of the tool body 49 and is delimited by the cutting edge
38. The punch surface 43 is preferably oriented at a right angle to
the longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39. Alternatively, it may
be provided that instead of the elongate, rectangular tool body 39,
a tool body 39 with a contour that is square, round, elliptical or
otherwise shaped is provided, wherein, regardless of the shape of
the tool body, a longitudinal axis 40 is oriented at an incline to
the positioning axis 35.
[0075] The die 9 comprises in the opening 46, preferably adjacently
to the rest surface 37, an inner counter cutting edge 51. This
inner counter cutting edge 51 is provided on a support surface 61,
which protrudes relative to the rest surface 47 and is inclined at
an angle that corresponds to the angle of the punch surface 43. A
cutting surface 56 adjoining the inner counter edge 51 may be
formed advantageously parallel to the longitudinal axis 40 of the
tool body 39, or is perpendicular to the support surface 61. The
cutting surface 56 is preferably inclined relative to a
perpendicular to the support surface 61, for example by 1.degree.
to 2.degree., such that the cutting surface 55 is oriented at an
angle of less than 90.degree. to the support surface 61. This
cutting surface 56 corresponds to a wall forming the outer side of
the tool body 39, starting from the cutting edge 38.
[0076] By means of this tool 31 it is now possible that, on a
processed workpiece 10 with a bent portion 62 formed therein, a
right-angled cutting edge can be provided in the region of the bent
portion 62 when a raised remaining part is cut off from a processed
workpiece 10. The support surface 61 is oriented relative to the
rest surface 47 at an angle corresponding to the angle of the bent
portion relative to the workpiece plane of the workpiece 10. The
longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 on the punch 11 is in turn
oriented normal to the bent portion 62.
[0077] A linear stroke movement along an inclined axis can be
controlled by means of the independent control of the upper tool 11
and the lower tool 9 in the machine tool 1 along their positioning
axes 16, 25 and by means of a mutually independent control of a
stroke movement along the stroke axis 14, 30. An arbitrary curved
stroke movement or an arcuate stroke movement can also be
controlled. In the case of the present tool 31 according to FIGS. 6
and 7 the die 9, for example, can be controlled to be stationary in
the machine tool 1 during a working step, whereas the punch 11 is
controlled with a stroke movement along an inclined axis. This
inclined axis corresponds to the longitudinal axis 40 of the tool
body 39. A right-angled part edge can thus be produced at the bent
portion 62.
[0078] FIG. 8 shows a side view of an alternative embodiment of the
tool 31 as compared to FIG. 4. FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of
the tool 31 according to FIG. 8. In this embodiment the punch 11
corresponds to the embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7.
[0079] The die 9 deviates in respect of the embodiment of the inner
counter cutting edge 51 from the embodiment in FIGS. 6 and 7. The
inner counter cutting edge 31 is for example positioned flush with
the rest surface 37. The inner counter edge 51 is adjoined by a
cutting surface 56, which is oriented parallel to the longitudinal
axis 40 of the tool body 39.
[0080] A slanted punching stroke is in turn made possible by this
tool 31. Here, a slanted part edge is produced on a flat workpiece
10. In order to attain a slanted part edge, the tool 31 is
controlled similarly to the previously described control of the
tool 31 according to FIGS. 4 and 5. The angular position of the
longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 and accordingly the
orientation of the cutting surface 56 determines the angular
position of the end side of the workpiece 10 or workpiece part
81.
[0081] FIG. 10 shows an alternative embodiment of the tool 31 as
compared to FIG. 6. FIG. 11 shows a perspective view of the tool 31
according to FIG. 10 in a sectional view. In this tool 31 the punch
11 corresponds in respect of its tool body 39 to the embodiment
according to FIG. 6. In this embodiment it is provided, for
example, that the punch 11 is formed in two parts. The clamping
shaft 34 and the tool body 39 are formed in one part and are
preferably fastened to the main body 33 by a clamped connection.
The die 9 is formed such that a counter cutting insert 50 is
provided on the die 9. This counter cutting insert 50 can be
provided, for example, exchangeably on the main body 41 of the die
9. This counter cutting insert 50 comprises at least one inner
counter cutting edge 51, which is associated with the opening 46 in
the main body 41 of the die 9. This counter cutting insert 50 is
designed to form an upper chamfer 64 on the workpiece 10 in
cooperation with the upper tool 11. This chamfer 64 is shown, for
example, in the sectional illustration in FIG. 11.
[0082] The counter cutting insert 50 for this purpose has a
U-shaped recess, which is delimited by an inner counter cutting
edge 51, which for example is oriented perpendicularly to the rest
surface 47 of the die. The distance of the counter cutting edges 51
is adapted to the width of the tool body 39 or the cutting edge 38.
A defined length of the chamfer 64 can thus be made in one working
stroke. The counter cutting insert 50 comprises a support surface
61 which is raised relative to the support surface 67. An end side
of the workpiece 10 bears against this support surface 61.
[0083] For example, a 45.degree. chamfer can be formed by a stroke
movement of the upper tool 11 which, for example, is controlled
along the longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39. With the
cutting edge 38 of the upper tool 11 resting against and acting on
the workpiece 10, the workpiece is pressed against the support
surface 61 at the counter cutting insert 50. Material is then
sheared off by the punch surface 43 dipping, by means of the at
least one cutting edge 38 arranged thereon, relative to the
U-shaped opening, which is delimited by the counter cutting edges
51. The sheared-off material is discharged downwardly via the
opening 46.
[0084] By means of a lateral displacement of the workpiece 10 in
steps, a chamfer 64 can be formed over a larger region of the end
side on the workpiece 10. This can be achieved for example by a
traversing movement of the upper tool 11 and the lower tool 9 along
the Y axis, if the end side of the workpiece 10 to be processed is
oriented along the X axis, by the control of the feed device
22.
[0085] FIG. 12 shows a schematic sectional view of an alternative
embodiment of the tool 31 in a working position. FIG. 13 shows the
tool 31 according to FIG. 12 in a further perspective sectional
view.
[0086] This tool 31 according to FIGS. 12 and 13 differs from the
tool 31 according to FIGS. 10 and 11 in that the chamfer 64 is
formed on an underside of the workpiece 10. The upper tool 11
corresponds to the embodiment according to the tool 31 in FIG. 10
or FIG. 6. The die 9, in contrast to the embodiment according to
FIG. 10, has an alternative embodiment of the counter cutting
insert 50. This counter cutting insert 50 is associated with the
opening 46 in the main body 41 of the die 9. This counter cutting
insert 50 likewise has a through-opening 52, into which the tool
body 39 of the upper tool 11 can dip at least in part during a
working stroke. The through-opening 52 of the counter cutting
insert 50 is adapted to the geometry of the tool body 39, in
particular the punch surface 43 and the at least one cutting edge
38 provided therein. An upper side of the counter cutting insert 50
is oriented flush with the rest surface 47 of the main body 41 of
the die 9.
[0087] In order to form a chamfer 64 on a lower end edge of the
workpiece 10, the workpiece is positioned relative to the
through-opening 52 in such a way that, after a first stroke phase,
a lower cutting edge 38 bears against a delimitation of the
through-opening 52 and can be guided past it, whereas the cutting
edge 38 acts on the end face of the workpiece 10. During a further
stroke movement, the tool body 39 is supported at the
through-opening 52 and the chamfer 64 is formed by the cutting edge
38. The workpiece 10 is supported on a counter cutting edge 51.
[0088] In order to hold down the workpiece 10 at the rest surface
47, a counter die (not shown in greater detail) or a holding-down
device can be provided on the workpiece upper side of the workpiece
10 and is preferably formed in a planar manner.
[0089] The chamfer 64 may be a structural part of a workpiece 10 to
be produced. A deburring of the workpiece 10 can also be performed.
In addition, the forming of this chamfer 64 or flattened portion
can also be a preparatory working step for forming a welding
edge.
[0090] A schematic view of a further alternative embodiment of the
tool 31 is shown in FIG. 14. In this embodiment the processing tool
37 is formed as a signing and/or engraving tool. The orientation of
the longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 is again oriented
perpendicularly to the bent portion 62 on the workpiece 10. By
means of the independent control of the upper tool 11 and lower
tool 9 it is possible that a marking, lettering or the like can be
made in the surface of the bent portion 62.
[0091] FIG. 15 shows an alternative embodiment of the tool 31 as
compared to FIG. 14. In this embodiment it is provided that the
longitudinal axis 40 of the tool body 39 is inclined more strongly
relative to the positioning axis 35. For example, this inclination
may comprise 90.degree. to the position axis 35. In an exemplary
embodiment of this kind it is possible that an end side of the
workpiece 10 or of a workpiece part 81 can be engraved and/or
signed and/or processed.
[0092] FIG. 16 shows a perspective view of an alternative tool 31
as compared to FIG. 14. In this embodiment it is provided that the
processing tool 37 is formed as an embossing tool. For example, an
embossing element 270 is provided on an end side of the tool body
39. This embossing element can be, for example, a letter, a number,
a symbol or the like. In order to form this embossing the punch
surface 43 of the tool body 39 is preferably oriented parallel to
the surface of the bent portion 62, or at an incline to the support
face 61.
[0093] FIG. 17 shows an alternative embodiment of the tool 31 as
compared to FIG. 16. The processing tool 37 is formed as a shaping
tool. For example, a shaping element 271 is provided on the punch
surface 43 of the inclined tool body 39, by means of which shaping
element a shaping contour can be formed in a bent portion 62 on the
workpiece 10. A counter shaping element 272 is shown in the support
surface 61 and corresponds to the shaping element 271 in respect of
the profile of the contour. For example, a cup-shaped indentation
can be formed in the bent portion 62 by means of this processing
tool 37, since the shaping element 271 is formed as a frustoconical
elevation and the counter shaping element 272 is formed in a manner
complementary thereto. Alternatively, an elongate bead, V-bead or
other contours can also be formed in the bent portion 62. It can
also be provided that, instead of forming a shaping in the bent
portion, a punch is provided, which formed an aperture or recess in
the bent portion 62. This recess can have many types of contour and
may have different geometries. Also, instead of the shaping element
271, a punching and bending element can be provided in order to
form, for example, a gill in the bent portion 62. The tool body 39
or the processing and/or cutting tools arranged specifically on the
punch surface 43 of the inclined tool body 39 can be provided in a
wide range of embodiments.
[0094] FIG. 18 shows a perspective view of an alternative
embodiment of the tool 31 as compared to FIG. 6. In the case of
this tool 31 a tool body 39 inclined relative to the positioning
axis 48 along the longitudinal axis 40 is also provided. The
processing tool 37 is formed as a pivoting and bending tool. To
this end, the tool body 39, at its end-side end, has a punch
surface 43, which has a curved or rounded contour or a radius of
curvature, so as to form a bending edge 274.
[0095] The lower tool 9 again comprises a main body 41 with a rest
surface 47, which surrounds an opening 46. The opening 46 is
delimited by a counter bending edge 275 formed on the lower tool 9.
The counter bending edge 275 is preferably of the same length as,
or longer than the bending edge 274 on the upper tool 11. Depending
on the contour, the thickness and/or the course of the counter
bending edge 275, the bent portion 62 can be pivoted and shaped
relative to the workpiece 10, from the plane thereof. In the
exemplary embodiment the counter bending edge 275 is formed as a
thin plate in the form of a circle segment. A bent portion 62 can
thus be bent at an angle of more than 90.degree. to the workpiece
plane of the workpiece 10. This will be described in greater detail
hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 19 to 22.
[0096] FIG. 19 shows a schematic sectional view of the tool 31
according to FIG. 18 in a first working position. The workpiece 10
is resting on the lower tool 9, on the rest surface 47. A U-shaped
tab that has been cut free and which is to be shaped to form the
bent portion 62, lies above the opening 46 in the lower tool 9. In
a first working step the upper tool 11 is moved along the stroke
axis 14 or the positioning axis 35 towards the lower tool 9, until
the bending edge 274 comes to bear against the workpiece 10. In so
doing, the bending edge 274 is moved inwardly in the direction of
the opening 46 relative to the counter bending edge 275. By means
of a further stroke movement of the upper tool 11 into the opening
46 in the lower tool 9, a first shaping of the bent portion 62 is
performed, as shown in FIG. 20.
[0097] With increasing stroke movement of the upper tool 11
relative to the lower tool 9, the bent portion 62 is bent through
90.degree., as is shown in FIG. 21. As soon as the upper tool 11 is
now moved in a further working step along the upper positioning
axis 16 in the direction of the counter bending edge 275, the bent
portion 62 is bent further, such that an angle between the
workpiece 10 and the bent portion 62 of less than 90.degree. can be
formed.
[0098] A bending radius between the workpiece 10 and the bent
portion 62 is dependent on the distance between the bending edge
274 and the counter bending edge 275. The shorter is the distance,
the smaller is the radius of curvature.
[0099] FIG. 23 shows a further alternative embodiment of a tool 31
as compared to FIG. 6. In this embodiment it is provided that,
starting from a produced bent portion 62 at an angle to the
workpiece 10, as is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a tool 31 according to
FIG. 23 is used, in which the processing tool 37 is formed as a
shaping tool. The tool body 39, at its front end, again has a
bending edge 274. The design of the upper tool 11 can correspond to
the embodiment according to FIG. 18.
[0100] The lower tool 9 comprises a support surface 61, which is
elevated and inclined relative to the rest surface 47, and a
cutting surface 56. A counter bending edge 275 is provided between
the support surface 61 and the cutting surface 56. The first bent
portion 62 can be bent again by a linear stroke movement inclined
relative to the positioning axis 35, in particular along the
inclined longitudinal axis 40, such that a second bent portion 65
is then formed, which is preferably oriented in a direction
opposite the bent portion 62. Following the linear stroke movement
of the upper tool 11 relative to the lower tool 9 along the
longitudinal axis 40 or parallel to the cutting surface 56, the
upper tool 11 can be raised.
* * * * *