U.S. patent application number 16/099568 was filed with the patent office on 2019-06-20 for semi-solid slurry generator and high pressure die casting method.
The applicant listed for this patent is DTR CO., LTD.. Invention is credited to Un Cheol BAEK.
Application Number | 20190184457 16/099568 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 60326269 |
Filed Date | 2019-06-20 |
![](/patent/app/20190184457/US20190184457A1-20190620-D00000.png)
![](/patent/app/20190184457/US20190184457A1-20190620-D00001.png)
![](/patent/app/20190184457/US20190184457A1-20190620-D00002.png)
![](/patent/app/20190184457/US20190184457A1-20190620-D00003.png)
![](/patent/app/20190184457/US20190184457A1-20190620-D00004.png)
![](/patent/app/20190184457/US20190184457A1-20190620-D00005.png)
![](/patent/app/20190184457/US20190184457A1-20190620-D00006.png)
![](/patent/app/20190184457/US20190184457A1-20190620-D00007.png)
![](/patent/app/20190184457/US20190184457A1-20190620-D00008.png)
![](/patent/app/20190184457/US20190184457A1-20190620-D00009.png)
![](/patent/app/20190184457/US20190184457A1-20190620-D00010.png)
View All Diagrams
United States Patent
Application |
20190184457 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
BAEK; Un Cheol |
June 20, 2019 |
SEMI-SOLID SLURRY GENERATOR AND HIGH PRESSURE DIE CASTING
METHOD
Abstract
Disclosed are a semi-solid slurry generator and a die casting
method which can obtain a dense structure in the entire cross
section of a molded product by uniformly dispersing and stirring an
inert gas in a slurry compared to a conventional one. The die
casting method comprises: a step of immersing a rotating diffuser
in a molten metal contained in a ladle to rotate and stir the
molten metal while being supplied with an inert gas, or rotating
and stirring the molten metal and the inert gas, which are sucked
into a pumping impeller, while being ejected through a hole
provided on a side surface of the impeller by stirring the same,
such that the molten metal is cooled while gas bubbles caused by
the inert gas are uniformly dispersed in the molten metal, thereby
forming a semi-solid slurry; and a step of pressurizing and
injecting the semi-solid slurry into a mold of a molding
machine.
Inventors: |
BAEK; Un Cheol;
(Gyeongsangnam-do, KR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
DTR CO., LTD. |
Gyeongsangnam-do |
|
KR |
|
|
Family ID: |
60326269 |
Appl. No.: |
16/099568 |
Filed: |
May 16, 2017 |
PCT Filed: |
May 16, 2017 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/KR2017/005076 |
371 Date: |
November 7, 2018 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B22D 17/007 20130101;
B22D 1/005 20130101; B22D 17/32 20130101; B22D 17/10 20130101; B22D
1/002 20130101; B22D 21/04 20130101 |
International
Class: |
B22D 17/32 20060101
B22D017/32; B22D 21/04 20060101 B22D021/04; B22D 1/00 20060101
B22D001/00; B22D 17/00 20060101 B22D017/00 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
May 17, 2016 |
KR |
10-2016-0060437 |
Claims
1. A semi-solid slurry generator for generating a semi-solid slurry
by supplying an inert gas to a molten metal contained in a ladle,
the semi-solid slurry generator comprising: a diffuser for
supplying the inert gas into the molten metal in a state of being
immersed in the molten metal contained in the ladle; an inert gas
supply unit for supplying the inert gas to the diffuser; a rotation
support to rotatably support the diffuser; a rotation unit
configured to rotate the diffuser; a slide guide to guide upward
and downward movements of the rotation support; a lifting unit
configured to move the rotation support up and down along the slide
guide; and a guide support unit to support the slide guide.
2. The semi-solid slurry generator of claim 1, wherein the diffuser
includes a porous impeller having an empty space configured to
accommodate the inert gas supplied from the inert gas supply unit
and a plurality of pores so as to disperse and supply the inert gas
supplied into the empty space.
3. The semi-solid slurry generator of claim 1, wherein the diffuser
includes a pumping impeller including a hollow portion
communicating with the inert gas supply unit and having an open
lower portion and a lateral hole formed in a side surface and
communicating with the hollow portion inside, and wherein the
pumping impeller has a pumping function of rotationally stirring
the molten metal while rotating stirring the inert gas supplied
from the inert gas supply unit and the molten metal sucked into the
hollow portion from the opened lower portion of the hollow portion
and ejecting the molten metal through the lateral hole by a
centrifugal force.
4. The semi-solid slurry generator of claim 1, wherein the guide
support unit includes a post and a horizontal support unit
connected to the slide guide and supported by the post, and the
horizontal support unit is configured to be horizontally movable on
the post, and the horizontal support unit is provided with a
horizontal movement unit to horizontally move the horizontal
support unit.
5. The semi-solid slurry generator of claim 1, further comprising:
a control unit to control operations of the rotation unit and the
lifting unit.
6. The semi-solid slurry generator of claim 1, wherein the diffuser
includes grooves or protrusions, which are formed to be spaced
apart from each other along an outer circumferential surface
thereof so as to function as an impeller, or the diffuser is formed
to have a polygonal cross section or is provided with an actual
impeller so that the molten metal can be stirred and flowed well
when the diffuser rotates (the impeller includes a
diffuser-integrated impeller, a detachable impeller, and an
impeller capable of pumping).
7. The semi-solid slurry generator of claim 1, wherein the diffuser
is made of ceramic or graphite and is detachably attached to the
head.
8. The semi-solid slurry generator of claim 4, the semi-solid
slurry generator comprising: a control unit to control operations
of the inert gas supply unit, the rotation unit, the lifting unit,
and the horizontal movement unit, wherein the rotation support is
provided with a temperature measuring unit to measure a temperature
of the molten metal and to input an information of the measured
temperature to the control unit.
9. The semi-solid slurry generator of claim 2, wherein the impeller
diffuser has a cross section having a polygonal shape or a groove,
a curved surface or a concavo-convex shape as a whole or in part
such that the molten metal can be flowed and stirred well when the
diffuser rotates.
10. The semi-solid slurry generator of claim 1, wherein the
rotation support is provided with a baffle plate disposed apart
from the diffuser so as to disturb rotation of the molten
metal.
11. A die casting method comprising: a step of immersing a diffuser
in a molten metal contained in a ladle and rotating the diffuser
while supplying an inert gas so as to cause gas bubbles, which are
formed by the inert gas, to be evenly dispersed and stirred in the
molten metal, so that the molten metal is cooled to generate a
semi-solid slurry; and a step of performing molding by pressurizing
and injecting the semi-solid slurry into a mold of a molding
machine.
12. The die casting method of claim 11, wherein the molten metal is
a molten metal of an Al-alloy or Mg-alloy, and the inert gas is
argon gas or nitrogen gas.
13. The die casting method of claim 11, wherein the semi-solid
slurry is supplied to a plunger of the molding machine at a
temperature, which is equal to or lower than a melting point of the
metal.
14. The die casting method of claim 11, the die casting method
comprising: a step of disturbing rotation of the molten metal by
disposing a baffle plate in the ladle to be spaced apart from the
diffuser.
15. The die casting method of claim 11, wherein a step of enhancing
a rotational bubbling and stirring effect by disposing a baffle
plate inside the ladle to be spaced apart from the diffuser.
16. The die casting method of claim 11, wherein the step of
generating the semi-solid slurry is performed using a semi-solid
slurry generator comprising: a diffuser for supplying the inert gas
into the molten metal in a state of being immersed in the molten
metal contained in the ladle; an inert gas supply unit for
supplying the inert gas to the diffuser; a rotation support to
rotatably support the diffuser; a rotation unit configured to
rotate the diffuser; a slide guide to guide upward and downward
movements of the rotation support; a lifting unit configured to
move the rotation support up and down along the slide guide; and a
guide support unit to support the slide guide.
17. The die casting method of claim 16, wherein the diffuser of the
semi-solid slurry generator includes a porous impeller having an
empty space configured to accommodate the inert gas supplied from
the inert gas supply unit and a plurality of pores so as to
disperse and supply the inert gas supplied into the empty
space.
18. The die casting method of claim 16, wherein the diffuser of the
semi-solid slurry generator includes a pumping impeller including a
hollow portion communicating with the inert gas supply unit and
having an open lower portion and a lateral hole formed in a side
surface and communicating with the hollow portion inside, and
wherein the pumping impeller has a pumping function of rotationally
stirring the molten metal while rotating stirring the inert gas
supplied from the inert gas supply unit and the molten metal sucked
into the hollow portion from the opened lower portion of the hollow
portion and ejecting the molten metal through the lateral hole by a
centrifugal force.
19. The die casting method of claim 16, wherein the guide support
unit of the semi-solid slurry generator includes a post and a
horizontal support unit connected to the slide guide and supported
by the post, and the horizontal support unit is configured to be
horizontally movable on the post, and the horizontal support unit
is provided with a horizontal movement unit to horizontally move
the horizontal support unit.
20. The die casting method of claim 16, wherein the semi-solid
slurry generator further comprises a control unit to control
operations of the rotation unit and the lifting unit.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to improvements of a
non-dendritic semi-solid slurry generator and a die casting method
or a production technology. More particularly, the present
invention relates to an improvement of a semi-solid slurry
generator for obtaining a homogeneous semi-solid slurry in which
crystals are micronized by performing bubbling and cooling through
a diffuser that is immersed in a molten metal contained in a ladle
to blow an inert gas and breaking dendritic crystals, and an
improvement of a high-pressure die casting method for obtaining a
molded product having a dense structure by pouring a semi-solid
slurry into a molding machine and pressurizing and solidifying the
slurry within the mold.
BACKGROUND ART
[0002] International Publication WO 2007/09223 A2 (inventors:
WANNASIN, Jessada et al.) discloses a molding method for obtaining
a molded product having a dense structure by immersing a porous
graphite diffuser in a molten metal contained in the ladle,
introducing and bubbling an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon in
the molten metal so as to turn the molten metal into a semi-solid
slurry (a liquid molten metal including solid phase by about 10%),
pouring the semi-solid slurry into a molding machine with high
pressure, and cooling the semi-solid slurry within a mold. The
disclosure disclosed in WO 2007/092203 A2 is a technique capable of
providing a structure that is more dense than those in conventional
die casting products molded using a general molten metal (100%
liquid molten metal in a supersaturated state). The related art
will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
[0003] FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a conventional semi-solid
slurry generation method by gas bubbling, and FIG. 2 is a view
illustrating a mounting state of a conventional diffuser.
[0004] In the conventional semi-solid slurry generation method, in
the state in which, a porous graphite diffuser 20 is lowered so as
to be immersed in the molten metal 12 contained in the ladle 10, an
inert gas, such as nitrogen or argon, which is stored in the gas
container 30, is supplied into the molten metal 12 through the
graphite diffuser 20 to cool the molten metal 12 while bubbling the
inert gas in the molten metal 12 to obtain a semi-solid slurry. At
this time, a temperature sensor T is disposed in the molten metal
12 to measure the temperature of the molten metal 12, and based on
this, the quantity and the pressure of the inert gas supplied to
the molten metal 12 on the basis thereof and the time for supplying
the inert gas are adjusted by a control unit 40. A valve V, a
pressure gauge P, a flow meter F, and the like are provided on an
inert gas supply path such as a hose 32.
[0005] When it is determined that the molten metal 12 corresponds
to a predetermined condition of a semi-solid state through data
applied from the temperature sensor T, the control unit 40 moves up
the graphite diffuser 20 to release the graphite diffuser 20 from
the ladle 10 and stops gas supply. Through this process, the
semi-solid slurry is generated.
[0006] However, in the prior art as described above, there is a
problem in that, since the graphite diffuser 20 bubbles the inert
gas in the molten metal 12 at a given pressure while maintaining
the static state thereof, the inert gas is present only around the
graphite diffuser 20, which makes it impossible to achieve uniform
bubbling and micronizing of the entire molten metal 12.
[0007] That is, there is a problem in that, since a large amount of
inert gas is present in the molten metal 12 around the graphite
diffuser 20 and the inert gas bubbling effect does not occur in the
molten metal 12 located far from the graphite diffuser 20, crystal
grains cannot be properly micronized. A product made using a
semi-solid slurry having such a problem has a problem in that
mechanical properties such as strength are not uniform in
respective portions.
[0008] In addition, the conventional graphite diffuser 20 used as a
gas bubbling means has a cylindrical shape as illustrated in FIG. 2
and is fixed to a head 52 of a semi-solid slurry generator 50,
which has a flange 53, through a plurality of bolts and nuts.
Accordingly, it takes a long time to replace the graphite diffuser
20. The head 52 is installed so as to be moved up and down along a
guide provided in the slurry generator 50, and the hose 32 is
connected to the head 52 so as to supply an inert gas and air to
the graphite diffuser 20.
[0009] That is, the conventional graphite diffuser 20 performs only
a function of generating bubbles by receiving an inert gas and
supplying the inert gas to the inside of the molten metal through
pores.
[0010] The graphite diffuser 20 has a short lifetime due to
hardening or the like, and has a problem in that a residual molten
metal of an Al-alloy or the like adheres to the diffuser to block
the pores, which causes the gas to be unevenly supplied to the
entire molten metal. Alternatively, the residual molten metal,
which has adhered to the diffuser, is mixed into the molten metal
poured into a mold, making it difficult to produce homogeneous
products. When a product is made using such a semi-solid slurry, a
defect is generated therein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Technical Problem
[0011] An object of the present invention is to provide a
semi-solid slurry generator and a die casting method, in which an
inert gas is blown into a molten metal to be dispersed in a small
bubble state and to bubble the molten metal, thereby breaking
dendritic crystals so as to obtain a fine structure, thereby
obtaining a dense structure in the entire cross section of a molded
product.
[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide a
semi-solid slurry generator and a die casting method, in which a
metal slurry or a molten metal of aluminum, an Al-alloy, an
Mg-alloy, or the like hardly adheres, compared to the conventional
porous graphite diffuser, thereby significantly reducing the
possibility of causing product defects.
[0013] Still another object of the present invention is to provide
a diffuser having a porous impeller, which can be suitably used in
the die casting method of the present invention.
[0014] Still another object of the present invention is to provide
a diffuser having a pumping impeller for improving stirring, which
can be suitably used in the die casting method of the present
invention.
[0015] Still another object of the present invention is to provide
a semi-solid slurry generator including a porous diffuser impeller,
which has a long lifespan and is easily replaceable.
[0016] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a
semi-solid slurry generator including a diffuser having a pumping
impeller, which has a long lifespan and is easily replaceable.
[0017] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a
semi-solid slurry generator and a die casting method, which can be
suitably utilized for making lightweight and high strength
automobile components, such as an intermediate bracket of an
automobile engine mount.
Technical Solution
[0018] The present invention provides a semi-solid slurry generator
for generating a semi-solid slurry by supplying an inert gas to a
molten metal contained in a ladle, in which the semi-solid slurry
generator includes: a diffuser for supplying the inert gas into the
molten metal in a state of being immersed in the molten metal
contained in the ladle; an inert gas supply unit for supplying the
inert gas to the diffuser; a rotation support to rotatably support
the diffuser; a rotation unit configured to rotate the diffuser; a
slide guide to guide upward and downward movements of the rotation
support; a lifting unit configured to move the rotation support up
and down along the slide guide; and a guide support unit to support
the slide guide.
[0019] The diffuser may include a porous impeller having an empty
space configured to accommodate the inert gas supplied from the
inert gas supply unit and a plurality of pores so as to disperse
and supply the inert gas supplied to the empty space.
[0020] In some cases, the diffuser may include a pumping impeller
including a hollow portion communicating with the inert gas supply
unit and having an open lower portion and a lateral hole formed in
a side surface and communicating with the hollow portion inside, in
which the pumping impeller has a pumping function of rotationally
stirring the molten metal while rotating and stirring the inert gas
supplied from the inert gas supply unit and the molten metal sucked
into the opened hollow portion from the lower portion of the hollow
portion and ejecting the molten metal through the lateral hole by a
centrifugal force.
[0021] The guide support unit may include a post and a horizontal
support unit connected to the slide guide and supported by the
post,
[0022] and the horizontal support unit is configured to be
horizontally movable on the post, and the horizontal support unit
is provided with a horizontal movement unit to horizontally move
the horizontal support unit.
[0023] The semi-solid slurry generator may further include a
control unit to control operations of the rotation unit and the
lifting unit.
[0024] The diffuser may include grooves or protrusions, which are
formed to be spaced apart from each other along an outer
circumferential surface thereof so as to function as an impeller,
or the diffuser may be formed to have a polygonal cross section or
may be provided with an actual impeller so that the molten metal
can be stirred and flowed well when the diffuser rotates (the
impeller includes a diffuser-integrated impeller, a detachable
impeller, and an impeller capable of pumping).
[0025] The diffuser may be made of ceramic or graphite and may be
detachably attached to the head.
[0026] The semi-solid slurry generator may include a control unit
to control operations of the inert gas supply unit, the rotation
unit, the lifting unit, and the horizontal movement unit, and the
rotation support may be provided with a temperature measuring unit
to measure a temperature of the molten metal and to input an
information of the measured temperature to the control unit.
[0027] The impeller diffuser may have a cross section having a
polygonal shape or a groove, a curved surface or a concavo-convex
shape as a whole or in part such that the molten metal can be
flowed and stirred well when the diffuser rotates.
[0028] The rotation support may be provided with a baffle plate
disposed apart from the diffuser so as to disturb rotation of the
molten metal.
[0029] A die casting method according to the present invention
includes: a step of immersing a diffuser in a molten metal
contained in a ladle and rotating the diffuser while supplying an
inert gas so as to cause gas bubbles, which are formed by the inert
gas, to be evenly dispersed and stirred in the molten metal, so
that the molten metal is cooled to generate a semi-solid slurry;
and a step of performing molding by pressurizing and injecting the
semi-solid slurry into a mold of a molding machine.
[0030] The molten metal may be a molten metal of an Al-alloy or
Mg-alloy, and the inert gas may be argon gas or nitrogen gas.
[0031] The semi-solid slurry may be supplied to a plunger of the
molding machine at a temperature, which is equal to or lower than a
melting point of the metal.
[0032] The die casting method may include a step of disturbing
rotation of the molten metal by disposing a baffle plate in the
ladle to be spaced apart from the diffuser.
[0033] The die casting method may include a step of enhancing a
rotational bubbling and stirring effect by disposing a baffle plate
inside the ladle to be spaced apart from the diffuser.
[0034] The step of generating the semi-solid slurry may be
performed using the semi-solid slurry generator according to the
present invention.
[0035] The semi-solid slurry obtained as described above is
introduced into a molding machine and is pressurized and solidified
inside the mold, thereby obtaining a molded product having a dense
structure.
Advantageous Effects
[0036] According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain
a dense structure in the entire cross section of a molded product,
compared with a conventional molded product by causing an inert gas
to be uniformly dispersed, bubbled, and stirred in the slurry.
[0037] Since the metal slurry of aluminum or the like hardly
adheres to the ceramic diffuser according to the present invention
compared with the conventional graphite diffuser, the ceramic
diffuser according to the present invention is much less likely to
cause a product defect and the ceramic diffuser according to the
present invention has a long lifespan and is easily
replaceable.
[0038] In addition, according to the method of the present
invention, it is possible to improve quality by stabilizing
sticking, scraps and hot zones, and lowering the temperature of the
molten metal (suppressing bubbles and cracks due to fusion
sticking), and to obtain excellent effects, such as an increase of
the life span of a mold (estimated 1.5 times), a decrease of mold
surface temperature, a reduction of thermal fatigue, a reduction of
thermal shock, a reduction of the melting loss, etc. by lowering
the temperature of the molten metal at the time of pouring the
molten metal from the ladle to the plunger by 60.degree. C. or more
(660.degree. C. (conventional)->590.degree. C.
(improvement)).
[0039] According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain
a semi-solid slurry having micronized crystals by immersing and
rotating a porous impeller diffuser or a pumping impeller diffuser
in the molten metal contained in the ladle, blowing an inert gas
into the molten metal while rotating the diffuser so as to stir the
molten metal vigorously while dispersing and bubbling the inert gas
in the molten metal in a small bubble state, and cooling the molten
metal and breaking dendritic crystals while bubbling the molten
metal.
[0040] Particularly, since the pumping impeller diffuser has a
function of rotationally stirring the molten metal and
simultaneously ejecting the molten metal through the holes provided
in the side surface by stirring the supplied inert gas and the
molten metal sucked into the hollow portion through the opened
lower portion of the hollow portion, the pumping impeller diffuser
is excellent in the effect of uniformly distributing bubbles.
[0041] The semi-solid slurry obtained as described above is
introduced into a molding machine and is pressurized and solidified
inside the mold, thereby obtaining a molded product having a dense
structure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0042] FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a general semi-solid slurry
generation method;
[0043] FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a mounting state of a
conventional diffuser;
[0044] FIG. 3 is a photograph for explaining a semi-solid slurry
generator according to the present invention;
[0045] FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the internal configuration
of the semi-solid slurry generator according to the present
invention;
[0046] FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the operation state of the
semi-solid slurry generator according to the present invention;
[0047] FIG. 6 is a photograph illustrating a diffuser mounting
portion of the semi-solid slurry generator according to the present
invention;
[0048] FIG. 7 is an enlarged view illustrating another embodiment
of a porous impeller diffuser according to the present
invention;
[0049] FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the porous impeller diffuser of
FIG. 7;
[0050] FIG. 9 is a plan view of the porous impeller diffuser of
FIG. 7;
[0051] FIG. 10 is a view illustrating an embodiment of a pumping
impeller diffuser according to the present invention;
[0052] FIG. 11 is a bottom view for explaining a preferred internal
structure of the pumping impeller;
[0053] FIG. 12 is a view for explaining a die casting method
according to the present invention; and
[0054] FIG. 13 is a view illustrating another embodiment of a
semi-solid slurry generator according to the present invention.
MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0055] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be
described in detail with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
[0056] FIG. 3 is a photograph for explaining a semi-solid slurry
generator according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a view for
explaining the internal configuration of the semi-solid slurry
generator according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a view
for explaining the operation state of the semi-solid slurry
generator according to the present invention.
[0057] Referring to FIGS. 3 to 5, a semi-solid slurry generator 100
according to the present invention is an apparatus for generating a
semi-solid slurry by rotating while supplying an inert gas to a
molten metal 12 such as an Al-alloy or Mg-alloy contained in a
ladle 10, and the semi-solid slurry generator 100 includes a porous
diffuser 120 rotatably installed on a pivot support 110. The
diffuser 120 preferably includes a porous impeller or a pumping
impeller, which will be described in greater detail below. The
diffuser 120 includes therein an empty space communicating with the
outside, and includes innumerable pores so as to discharge an inert
gas, such as argon gas or nitrogen gas, supplied to the empty space
to the outer surface.
[0058] The porous diffuser 120 as described above causes the molten
metal 12 to flow while cooling the molten metal 12 by stirring the
molten metal 12 while supplying the inert gas, such as nitrogen or
argon, into the molten metal 12 while rotating and simultaneously
moving down into the molten metal 12 contained in the ladle 10 so
that the inert gas is bubbled evenly in the entire molten metal 12,
thereby breaking the dendritic crystals so as to turn the molten
metal 12 into a non-dendritic state. Accordingly, the semi-solid
slurry generator 100 according to the present invention increases a
quenching effect, that is, a miniaturization of crystals for the
entire molten metal compared with the conventional one. Bubbles B
formed by the bubbling and evenly distributed throughout the molten
metal 12 are capable of collecting and removing harmful gases such
as hydrogen evenly throughout the entire molten metal 12.
[0059] Preferably, the diffuser 120 is connected to an inert gas
supply unit 130 configured to supply an inert gas through a hose or
the like connected to the head H of the semi-solid slurry generator
100 and an air supply unit 135 configured to supply air. The air
supply unit 135 is provided for cooling and cleaning the diffuser
120. Preferably, an electronic control valve may be used in order
to automatically control air supply and inert gas supply. The air
supply unit 135 and the inert gas supply unit 130 are preferably
connected to the diffuser 120 through the same single hose. The
head H is provided with a rotation support 110 on which the
diffuser 120 is rotatably supported.
[0060] As the inert gas supply unit 130, an apparatus such as a
pressure container capable of storing a high-pressure gas is used.
The head H is preferably provided with a mounting portion such that
the diffuser 120 can be easily attached and detached. This will be
described in more detail later.
[0061] As illustrated in the drawings, a temperature measuring unit
150 configured to measure the temperature of the molten metal 12
and to apply the measured temperature to the control unit 140 may
be installed in the head H including the rotation support 110. Of
course, a plurality of temperature sensors or temperature measuring
units for temperature measurement may be installed at other
positions.
[0062] The semi-solid slurry generator 100 according to the present
invention has a rotation unit 160 configured to rotate the diffuser
120 and a slide guide 170 installed in a vertical direction. The
rotation unit 160 is installed so as to be vertically movable along
the slide guide 170 together with the rotation support 110. A
geared motor is suitable as the power source of the rotation unit
160, and the belt 162 and the pulley 164 may be used for power
transmission.
[0063] The semi-solid slurry generator 100 according to the present
invention is equipped with a lifting unit 180 configured to move up
and down the rotation support 110 and the rotation unit 160 along
the slide guide 170.
[0064] The lifting unit 180 may be constituted with a servo motor
181 and a ball screw (not illustrated), which is disposed in the
vertical direction along the slide guide 170 and is rotated by the
servo motor 181. Of course, a lifting member 112, on which the
rotation support 110 and the rotation unit 160 are mounted, should
be provided with a gear or a thread such that the lifting member
112 can be moved up and down depending on the rotational direction
of the ball screw. Of course, other known units other than the ball
screw-type unit may be used as the lifting unit.
[0065] The slide guide 170 is supported by a guide support unit
190, and the guide support unit 190 includes a post 191 and a
horizontal support 193 connected to the slide guide 170. The
horizontal support 193 is installed to be horizontally movable on
the post 191, and the horizontal support 193 is provided with a
horizontal movement unit 200 configured to move the horizontal
support 193 in the horizontal direction.
[0066] The horizontal movement unit 200 includes a geared motor
202, a horizontal shaft 204 provided with a thread or gear teeth, a
ball screw 206 engaged with the thread or gear teeth of the
horizontal shaft 204 so as to move back and forth depending on the
rotation direction of the horizontal shaft 204, and a pulley 207
and a belt 208 that transmit the power of the geared motor 202 to
the ball screw 206. The horizontal support 193 is allowed to move
to the set position by the operation of the geared motor 202. The
movement position of the horizontal support 193 is preferably
sensed through a photosensor or the like and applied to a control
unit 140 so as to stop the operation of the geared motor 202.
[0067] In addition, the horizontal support 193 is installed to
rotate leftwards and rightwards through a vertical shaft 192 at the
upper end of the post 191, and the rotation angle of the vertical
shaft 192 is adapted to be adjusted by turning an angle adjustment
mechanism 195 provided on the post 191 by hand so as to release the
locking of the angle adjustment mechanism 195 and locking the angle
adjustment mechanism 195 after the angle adjustment. The horizontal
movement unit 200 may be any other known horizontal movement units
other than the ball screw-type units.
[0068] Referring to FIG. 3, the semi-solid slurry generator 100
according to the present invention preferably includes a control
unit 140 configured to control the operation of the rotation unit
160 and the lifting unit 180. The control unit 140 may also control
the operation of electromagnetic valves installed in the inert gas
supply unit 130 and the air supply unit 135 and the horizontal
movement unit 200 as necessary. Of course, these components may be
configured to be individually driven through a manual operation of
a switch or a valve by an operator. In addition, the semi-solid
slurry generator 100 may be provided with the rotation unit 160 and
the lifting unit 180 without the horizontal movement unit 200.
[0069] It is preferable that the post 191 extends upwards, then
curves laterally, and then extends upwards. In this way, it is
possible to operate the semi-solid slurry generator 100 by
providing the post 191 at a position sufficiently away from the
ladle 10. The post 191 may also be an arch-shaped truss structure
or an I-shaped column.
[0070] FIG. 6 is a photograph illustrating a diffuser mounting
portion of the semi-solid slurry generator according to the present
invention, FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view illustrating
another embodiment of a porous diffuser according to the present
invention, FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the porous diffuser of FIG.
7, and FIG. 9 is a plan view of the porous diffuser of FIG. 7.
[0071] As illustrated in FIG. 6, the head H is provided with a
rotary shaft 111, and the rotary shaft 111 is provided with a
diffuser mounting portion 113. As the diffuser mounting portion
113, a screw coupling-type mounting portion is preferably used. For
this purpose, threads 113a and 120b may be formed on the outer
circumferential surface of the mounting portion 113 and the inner
circumferential surface of the empty space 120a in the diffuser 120
configured to supply an inert gas, so that the diffuser 120 can be
screw-coupled to the mounting portion 113.
[0072] In addition, the porous diffuser 120 may be configured to
have an impeller function by providing grooves 123 or protrusions,
which are spaced apart from each other along the outer
circumferential surface of the diffuser 120 so as to allow the
molten metal to flow well when the diffuser 120 rotates to have an
impeller function. The grooves or protrusions serve as wings for
stirring the molten metal 12. In order to increase the effect of
stirring the molten metal 12 when the diffuser 120 rotates, the
grooves 123 or protrusions may be formed on the outer
circumferential surface of the diffuser 120, or the outer
circumferential surface of the diffuser 120 may be formed in a
polygonal shape, and the portion serving as an impeller is
preferably provided at the lower end of the diffuser 120. In
addition, in order to make the diffuser 120 have the impeller
function, the cross section of the diffuser 120 may have a
polygonal shape such as an octagon, a heptagon, a hexagon, a
pentagon, or a tetragon. Further, the diffuser 120 may have a
polygonal cross section as a whole or in part, or a cross section
in which grooves, curved surfaces, or irregularities are formed.
The diffuser 120 illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5 has an octagonal
cross-sectional shape.
[0073] In some cases, at least one separate impeller may be
provided so as to stir the molten metal.
[0074] The diffuser 120 according to the present invention is
preferably made of ceramics or graphite. Particularly, ceramics
have a characteristic in that a molten metal hardly adheres
thereto, and have a long lifetime. Micropores, which allow the
inert gas supplied to the inner empty space 120a to be exposed to
the outside, are formed before baking the porous diffuser 120,
after the external appearance of which has been formed.
[0075] The operation of the semi-solid slurry generator 100
according to the present invention will now be described with
reference to FIGS. 3 to 6.
[0076] The control unit 140 of the semi-solid slurry generator 100
according to the present invention operates the horizontal movement
unit 200 so as to horizontally move the diffuser 120 to the upper
side of the ladle 10 stopped at a predetermined position, and stop
the diffuser 120 at normal position not to collide with the ladle.
When the ladle 10 containing the molten metal arrives at the set
position or under the diffuser 120 for the casting operation, the
lifting unit 180 is operated to lower the diffuser 120 and the
diffuser 120 is rotated as indicated by an arrow by the rotation
unit 160, and the diffuser 120 is immersed into the molten metal 12
while supplying the inert gas of the inert gas supply unit 130 by
opening the valve of the inert gas supply unit 130. At this time,
the diffuser 120 is lowered to a position which is set such that
the diffuser 120 does not hit the inner bottom surface of the
ladle.
[0077] As the porous diffuser 120 rotates, a swirling flow occurs
in the molten metal 12, and the inert gas supplied into the molten
metal 12 evenly bubbles the entire molten metal 12. Particularly,
in the porous diffuser 120 according to the present invention, the
grooves 123, protrusions, or a polygon formed so as to function as
an impeller become blades, a porous impeller, or a pump impeller,
so that the molten metal 12 is harmoniously stirred and the inert
gas is evenly penetrated into the molten metal 12.
[0078] As the geared motor constituting the rotating means 160, a
geared motor, which is bi-directionally drivable, is used so as to
change the rotating direction of the diffuser 120, so that the
inert gas can be evenly dispersed and stirred in the entire molten
metal 12. Further, in order to increase the bubbling effect by
rotation driving, a baffle plate may be further disposed around the
diffuser 120, which will be described in more detail later.
[0079] The inert gas is supplied into the molten metal 12 for a
predetermined time or until the temperature of the molten metal 12
drops to a predetermined temperature while rotating the diffuser
120 in the above-described manner. Preferably, when the temperature
of the molten metal 12, which is inputted by the temperature
measuring unit 150, falls to a target temperature, the valve of the
inert gas supply unit 130 is locked to stop the supply of the inert
gas, the operation of the rotation unit 160 is stopped, the lifting
unit 180 is operated to raise the diffuser 120, and then air is
supplied from the air supply unit 135 to the inside of the diffuser
120 so as to wait until the next process while cooling the diffuser
120 for performing the next process and maintaining
cleanliness.
[0080] In this manner, the inert gas is evenly penetrated into the
entire molten metal 12, and a slurry having a good quenching effect
over the entire molten metal can be obtained.
MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0081] FIG. 10 is a view illustrating an embodiment of a pumping
impeller diffuser according to the present invention, and FIG. 11
is a bottom view for explaining a preferred internal structure of
the pumping impeller.
[0082] The diffuser 120 illustrated in FIG. 10 may have a pumping
impeller 125 at the lower end thereof. The pumping impeller 125
includes a hollow portion 126 that has an opened lower portion and
communicates with the inert gas supply unit 130 described in the
preceding embodiment with reference to FIG. 3 and lateral holes 127
that are formed in the side surface and communicate with the
internal hollow portion 126. The lateral holes 127 are provided to
be deviated laterally from the center rather than being oriented
toward the center of the hollow portion 126 so as to allow the
inner molten metal to be discharged by a centrifugal force. The
inner ends of the lateral holes 127 are inclined with respect to
the center line perpendicular to the forming direction of the
lateral holes 127. Accordingly, the molten metal rotating within
the hollow portion 126 is capable of being strongly ejected outward
through the lateral holes 127 by colliding against portions
protruding more towards the vertical center line by the centrifugal
force and changing the direction, which greatly improves the
stirring effect.
[0083] The pumping impeller 125 has a pumping function of
rotationally stirring the molten metal while ejecting the molten
metal by a centrifugal force by being rotated and stirring the
inert gas supplied from the inert gas supply unit 130 and the
molten metal sucked into the hollow portion 126 from the lower
portion of the opened hollow portion 126. When the molten metal
within the hollow portion 126 is ejected to the outside through the
lateral holes 127, the molten metal is naturally sucked into the
hollow portion 126 through the opened lower portion of the hollow
portion 126.
[0084] It is preferable that the pumping impeller 125 as described
above is detachably coupled to a portion of a bar 129 constituting
the diffuser 120 above the pumping impeller 125 through a screw
connection. The pumping impeller 125 is supplied with the inert gas
into the hollow portion 126 through an inert gas supply hole 129a
formed in the bar 129.
[0085] In the outer circumferential surface of the pumping impeller
125, grooves 123 are provided in order to improve the rotation
effect of the molten metal. Protrusions or the like may be provided
instead of the grooves.
[0086] The diffuser 120 is rotatably mounted on the rotation
support 110 of the head H, and the head H is preferably provided
with a baffle BP, which generates turbulence by interfering with
the rotation of the molten metal which is rotated by the diffuser
120, thereby causing the molten metal to be effectively stirred
with the inert gas.
[0087] When the diffuser 120 as described above with reference to
FIGS. 10 and 11 rotates, the molten metal is sucked into the hollow
portion 126 provided in the central portion of the pumping impeller
125, the sucked molten metal is stirred with the inert gas supplied
through the inert gas supply hole 129a communicating with the inert
gas supply unit 130, and the molten metal is ejected by a
centrifugal force through the holes 127 provided in the side
surface of the pumping impeller 125 by the centrifugal force. The
molten metal and the inert gas, which are ejected in this way, are
simultaneously rotated and stirred in the ladle to obtain a more
even semi-solid slurry.
[0088] The diffuser 120 provided with the pumping impeller 125 as
described above is lowered into the molten metal 12 contained in
the ladle 10, and simultaneously the molten metal flows into the
hollow portion 126 of the pumping impeller 125. As the pumping
impeller 125 is rotated, an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon is
supplied and mixed into the molten metal 12 within the hollow
portion 126, as the molten metal mixed with the inert gas is
ejected through the lateral holes 127 by the centrifugal force and
rotational stirring is also performed even outside the pumping
impeller 125, the molten metal 12 is cooled and fluidized and the
inert gas is caused to bubble more evenly throughout the entire
molten metal 12, thereby breaking the dendritic crystals so as to
turn the molten metal 12 into a non-dendritic state.
[0089] When the molten metal within the hollow portion 126 is drawn
out through the lateral holes 127 by the centrifugal force, the
molten metal is naturally sucked into the hollow portion 126
through the opened lower portion of the hollow portion 126, and the
above-described processes are repeated, which causes the inert gas
to be uniformly distributed throughout the entire molten metal.
[0090] Accordingly, the semi-solid slurry generator 100 according
to the present invention further increases a quenching effect, that
is, the miniaturization for crystals of the entire molten metal
compared with the conventional one. Bubbles B formed by the
bubbling and evenly distributed throughout the molten metal 12 are
capable of collecting and removing harmful gases such as hydrogen
evenly throughout the entire molten metal 12.
[0091] FIG. 12 is a view for explaining a die casting method
according to the present invention. In the following description,
FIGS. 3 to 11 are also referred to.
[0092] In the semi-solid slurry generator 100 described above with
reference to FIGS. 3 to 11, the diffuser 120 preferably including
the impeller is moved forwards to the upper side of the ladle 10
through the horizontal movement unit 200, the diffuser 120 is
lowered to be immersed in the molten metal 12 through the lifting
unit 180, and the inert gas is supplied into the molten metal 12
while rotating the diffuser 120 by the rotation unit 160. At this
time, when the diffuser 120 having the impeller function or the
diffuser 120 having the pumping impeller 125 is used, more
effective stirring can be performed by the impeller function and by
rotating and pumping the molten metal.
[0093] As the diffuser 120 rotates, flowing and swirling occur in
the molten metal 12, and the inert gas supplied into the molten
metal 12 is evenly bubbled and stirred throughout the entire molten
metal 12. When the rotation direction of the diffuser 120 is
changed using a motor, which is bi-directionally drivable, as the
rotation unit 160, the inert gas is dispersed more evenly
throughout the entire molten metal 12, so that the entire molten
metal can be evenly stirred and a slurry having a good quenching
effect can be obtained. Further, the baffle plate may be disposed
around the diffuser 120 in order to increase the bubbling effect by
rotational driving.
[0094] When the temperature of the molten metal 12 drops to a
target temperature, the supply of the inert gas is stopped, the
operation of the rotation unit 160 is stopped, the lifting unit 180
is operated to raise the diffuser 120, and then air is supplied to
the inside of the diffuser 120 so as to maintain the cleanliness
while cooling the diffuser 120.
[0095] When the semi-solid slurry B, which is generated as
described above and contained in the ladle 10, is poured into a
plunger 221 of a die casting machine 220 and is introduced into a
mold 223 with high pressure using a piston 222 so as to be molded,
it is possible to obtain a dense product. At this time, it is
preferable that the semi-solid slurry B is supplied to the plunger
221 of the die casting machine 220 at a temperature that is equal
to or lower than the melting point of the metal.
[0096] FIG. 13 is a view illustrating another example of a
semi-solid slurry generator according to the present invention.
[0097] In some cases, when a baffle plate BP is disposed to be
laterally spaced apart from the diffuser 120 in the head H
constituting the rotation support 110, stirring and bubbling may be
performed well throughout the entire molten metal by controlling
the rotational movement of the molten metal rotating in the ladle
by the rotation of the diffuser 120. A plurality of baffle plates
BP may be installed. The remaining features are the same as those
described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.
[0098] The present inventor fabricated specimens through
high-pressure die casting of a semi-solid slurry according to the
method of the present invention as described above, and obtained
physical property data thereof. The tensile strength of the
specimens obtained through the high-pressure die casting of a
semi-solid slurry is described below. The specimens were
manufactured by specimen molds designed according to ASTM B 557
standards. The alloys used for the specimens were ADC10 (A380,
AlSi.sub.8Cu.sub.3Fe) and EN43500 (AlSi.sub.10MnMg). The melting
point of ADC10 was 598.degree. C., the temperature in the die
casting process was 572.degree. C., and the temperature of the
molten metal after degassing was 680.degree. C. The melting point
of EN43500 was 593.degree. C., and the temperature of the molten
metal after degassing was 689.degree. C. The following process was
performed on a molten metal contained in the ladle in order to
obtain a semi-solid slurry. The material of the porous impeller
diffuser used for manufacturing the ADC 10 alloy specimens was a
porous ceramic having a density of 2.7 g/cm.sup.3, a porosity of
20%, and a bending strength of 17 MPa. The material of the pumping
impeller diffuser used for manufacturing EN43500 specimens was
graphite having a crystal size of 52 to 15 .mu.m and a hardness of
70.
[0099] Molten metal quenching of the ADC 10 alloy by gas bubbling
of an inert gas (N.sub.2) and rotation was started at temperatures
of 625.degree. C. and 640.degree. C., and respective quenching
times were 10 seconds, 15 seconds, 20 seconds, 25 seconds, and 30
seconds. The temperature of the molten metal for the conventional
high-pressure die casting was 660.degree. C. The temperature before
supplying the molten metal to the plunger after quenching was
585.degree. C. to 594.degree. C., which is equal to or lower than
the melting point. Molten metal quenching of the EN43500 alloy by
gas bubbling of an inert gas (N2) and rotation was started at a
temperature of 660.degree. C., each quenching time was 30 seconds,
and the temperature before supplying the molten metal to the
plunger after quenching was 592.degree. C., which is equal to or
lower than melting point.
[0100] In Table 1, the temperature before supplying a material to
the plunger of high-pressure die casting is equal to or lower than
the melting point of the material.
[0101] That is, Table 1 shows that when the temperature of the
molten metal after quenching by the bubbling of the inert gas
(N.sub.2) and rotation reach between the melting point of the alloy
and the temperature in the die casting process of the alloy,
semi-solid slurry effects were exhibited.
[0102] As can be seen from Table 1, compared to the strength
(yield/tensile strength=166/279 MPa) of the conventional
high-pressure die casting products, the yield strength (192 MPa)
and the tensile strength (292 MPa) of the semi-solid slurry-treated
AlSi.sub.8Cu.sub.3Fe (ADC10) were improved by 15% or more in yield
strength and by 4% or more in tensile strength, respectively, and
the elongation of the semi-solid slurry-treated
AlSi.sub.8Cu.sub.3Fe (ADC10) was reduced from 3.4% to 2.4% compared
with the conventional high-pressure die casting products. In
addition, the strength of the EN43500 alloy manufactured using a
pumping impeller diffuser was compared before and after the heat
treatment T6. No pores were found on the surfaces of the specimens
after heat treatment. The heat treatment T6 was performed at
500.degree. C. for 1 hour and then performed at 160.degree. C. for
8 hours. That is, using a pumping impeller shows that a heat
treatment can be performed to achieve high strength.
[0103] The temperature of the molten metal in Table 1 was measured
using a K-type thermocouple.
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Result of Tensile Test of Semi-solid Slurry
Specimen Temp. of Temp. Molten of Metal Molten Gas Tensile Yield
Before Metal Bubbling Strength Strength Elongation Introduced Alloy
(.degree. C.) Time (sec) (MPa) (MPa) (%) into Plunger Note ADC10
625 10 299 195 3.1 590 Porous 15 297 192 3.3 590 Impeller 30 299
196 2.8 585 Diffuser 640 20 299 205 2.4 594 25 292 200 2.5 588 30
300 193 2.8 588 660 -- 279 166 3.4 -- High-pressure Die Casting
EN43500 690 35 274 154 4.9 592 Before Pumping Heat Impeller
Treatment Diffuser 311 231 7.7 T6 Heat Treatment
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
[0104] The present invention may be used to make automotive
components that require high strength and high elongation using a
lightweight metal such as an Al-alloy or an Mg-alloy. Further, the
present invention may be used to make other die casting products in
addition to the automobile components.
* * * * *