U.S. patent application number 15/815785 was filed with the patent office on 2019-05-23 for cpe based welding hose.
This patent application is currently assigned to ContiTech USA, Inc.. The applicant listed for this patent is ContiTech USA, Inc.. Invention is credited to Jeffrey P. Dotson, Jeffrey T. Epperson, Flint Wilson.
Application Number | 20190153207 15/815785 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 64362754 |
Filed Date | 2019-05-23 |
![](/patent/app/20190153207/US20190153207A1-20190523-D00000.png)
![](/patent/app/20190153207/US20190153207A1-20190523-D00001.png)
![](/patent/app/20190153207/US20190153207A1-20190523-D00002.png)
![](/patent/app/20190153207/US20190153207A1-20190523-D00003.png)
![](/patent/app/20190153207/US20190153207A1-20190523-M00001.png)
![](/patent/app/20190153207/US20190153207A1-20190523-M00002.png)
United States Patent
Application |
20190153207 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Wilson; Flint ; et
al. |
May 23, 2019 |
CPE BASED WELDING HOSE
Abstract
A hose includes an inner tube containing a blend of chlorinated
polyethylene (CPE) with ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber
(EPDM), from 5 phr to 15 phr of a branched plasticizer, from 10 phr
to 30 phr carbon black, from 30 phr to 60 phr mineral filling, and
a peroxide curing agent. The hose defines an inner conduit. A
reinforcement layer is disposed outwardly adjacent the inner tube,
and an outer cover disposed outwardly adjacent the reinforcement
layer. Upon and after curing, the inner tube at least meets methyl
borate resistance, acetone resistance and pentane resistance
requirements of Australian Standard AS1335. In some aspects, after
curing the inner tube exceeds the methyl borate resistance, acetone
resistance and pentane resistance requirements of the Australian
Standard AS1335. Also, after curing, the hose at least meets flame
resistance requirements of the Australian Standard AS1335.
Inventors: |
Wilson; Flint; (Mt.
Pleasant, IA) ; Dotson; Jeffrey P.; (Riverside,
IA) ; Epperson; Jeffrey T.; (Mount Pleasant,
IA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
ContiTech USA, Inc. |
Fairlawn |
OH |
US |
|
|
Assignee: |
ContiTech USA, Inc.
Fairlawn
OH
|
Family ID: |
64362754 |
Appl. No.: |
15/815785 |
Filed: |
November 17, 2017 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B32B 2597/00 20130101;
C08L 2205/02 20130101; B32B 25/14 20130101; B32B 5/26 20130101;
B32B 25/02 20130101; F16L 11/12 20130101; B32B 2307/7242 20130101;
B32B 2270/00 20130101; B32B 5/024 20130101; B32B 2264/10 20130101;
B32B 2264/108 20130101; B32B 2264/102 20130101; B32B 2264/105
20130101; F16L 11/08 20130101; C08K 5/14 20130101; C08L 23/16
20130101; C08L 23/286 20130101; B32B 2307/3065 20130101; C08K 3/02
20130101; B32B 25/10 20130101; C08L 2201/02 20130101; B32B
2262/0276 20130101; B32B 2262/062 20130101; B32B 7/12 20130101;
B32B 2262/0261 20130101 |
International
Class: |
C08L 23/28 20060101
C08L023/28; C08L 23/16 20060101 C08L023/16; C08K 3/02 20060101
C08K003/02; C08K 5/14 20060101 C08K005/14; F16L 11/08 20060101
F16L011/08; F16L 11/12 20060101 F16L011/12 |
Claims
1. A hose comprising: a) an inner tube comprising a blend of
chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) with ethylene propylene diene
monomer rubber (EPDM), from 5 phr to 15 phr branched plasticizer,
from 10 phr to 30 phr carbon black, from 30 phr to 60 phr mineral
filling, and a peroxide curing agent, wherein the hose defines an
inner conduit; b) a reinforcement layer disposed outwardly adjacent
the inner tube; and, c) an outer cover disposed outwardly adjacent
the reinforcement layer; wherein after curing, the inner tube at
least meets methyl borate resistance, acetone resistance and
pentane resistance requirements of Australian Standard AS1335.
2. The hose according to claim 1, wherein after curing, the inner
tube exceeds the methyl borate resistance, acetone resistance and
pentane resistance requirements of the Australian Standard
AS1335.
3. The hose according to claim 1, wherein after curing, the hose at
least meets flame resistance requirements of the Australian
Standard AS1335.
4. The hose according to claim 1, wherein after curing, the hose
comprises at least one of acetylene, oxygen, liquefied petroleum
gases (LPGs), or mixtures of methylacetylene and propadiene (MPS),
within the inner conduit.
5. The hose according to claim 1, wherein after curing, hose
conveys at least one of acetylene, oxygen, liquefied petroleum
gases (LPGs), or mixtures of methylacetylene and propadiene (MPS),
through the inner conduit.
6. The hose according to claim 1, wherein the blend of chlorinated
polyethylene (CPE) with (EPDM) is in a weight ratio of from 5:1 to
20:1.
7. The hose according to claim 6, wherein the blend of chlorinated
polyethylene (CPE) with (EPDM) is in a weight ratio of from 10:1 to
15:1.
8. The hose according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcement layer
comprises a plurality of spiral yarns.
9. The hose according to claim 1, wherein the outer cover comprises
EPDM.
10. The hose according to claim 1, wherein the outer cover
comprises CPE.
11. The hose according to claim 1, wherein the outer cover
comprises CPE, EPDM, EPR, or any blends thereof.
12. A welding hose assembly comprising first and second hoses and
couplings securely attached to opposing distal ends of each of the
first and second hoses, wherein at least the first hose comprises:
a) an inner tube comprising a blend of chlorinated polyethylene
(CPE) with ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM), from 5
phr to 15 phr branched plasticizer, from 10 phr to 30 phr carbon
black, from 30 phr to 60 phr mineral filling, and a peroxide curing
agent, wherein the hose defines an inner conduit; b) a
reinforcement layer disposed outwardly adjacent the inner tube;
and, c) an outer cover disposed outwardly adjacent the
reinforcement layer; and, wherein after curing, the inner tube at
least meets methyl borate resistance, acetone resistance and
pentane resistance requirements of Australian Standard AS1335.
13. The welding hose assembly according to claim 12, wherein the
first and second hoses comprise inner tubes constructed of the same
composition.
14. The welding hose assembly according to claim 12, wherein the
second hose comprises an inner tube constructed of an EPDM
material.
15. The welding hose assembly according to claim 12, wherein after
curing, the inner tube of the at least the first hose exceeds the
methyl borate resistance, acetone resistance and pentane resistance
requirements of the Australian Standard AS1335.
16. The welding hose assembly according to claim 12, wherein after
curing, the first and second hoses at least meet flame resistance
requirements of the Australian Standard AS1335.
17. The welding hose assembly according to claim 12, wherein the
first and second hoses are attached by a joint formed from the
outer cover of the first hose and an outer cover of the second
hose.
18. The welding hose assembly according to claim 17, wherein the
joint is cohesive and formed during the hose curing process.
19. The welding hose assembly according to claim 17, wherein the
joint is formed during by applying an adhesive to the outer cover
of the first hose and the outer cover of the second hose.
20. The welding hose assembly according to claim 17, wherein the
first and second hoses are further attached by a clamp.
21. The welding hose assembly according to claim 12, wherein the
first and second hoses are attached by mating corresponding tabs
extending from the outer cover of the first hose and an outer cover
of the second hose.
Description
FIELD
[0001] The field to which the disclosure generally relates to
rubber compositions, and specifically to rubber compositions useful
for providing hose or other rubber based articles having excellent
chemical resistance properties.
BACKGROUND
[0002] This section provides background information to facilitate a
better understanding of the various aspects of the disclosure. It
should be understood that the statements in this section of this
document are to be read in this light, and not as admissions of
prior art.
[0003] Welding and cutting equipment typically utilizes hoses for
making connections between a torch and regulators. The hoses must
be strong, nonporous, light, and flexible enough to make torch
movements easy. The hoses are typically made to withstand internal
pressures that can reach as high as 174 psi.
[0004] Such hoses are typically available in single- and
double-hose lengths. Size is determined by the inside diameter, and
the proper size depends on the type of work for which it is
intended. Hose used for light work has a 3/16 or 1/4 inch inside
diameter and one or two plies of fabric. For heavy-duty welding and
cutting operations, use a hose with an inside diameter of 5/16 inch
and two to four plies of fabric. Single hose is available in the
standard sizes as well as 1/2 and 3/4 inch sizes. These larger
sizes are for heavy-duty heating and for use on large cutting
machines.
[0005] The most common type of cutting and welding hose is the twin
or double hose that consists of a fuel hose and an oxygen hose
joined together side by side. They may be joined together by either
a special rib or by clamps. Because the hoses are joined together,
the hoses are less likely to become tangled and are easier to move
from a first place to a second place.
[0006] The length of hose may also be important. The delivery
pressure at the torch varies with the length of the hose. A
20-foot, 3/16-inch hose maybe adequate for a job, but if the same
hose was 50 feet long, the pressure drop would result in
insufficient gas flow to the torch. Longer hoses require larger
inside diameters to ensure the correct flow of gas to the torch.
The hoses used for fuel gas and oxygen are often, but no always,
identical in construction, but they differ in color. This color
coding aids in the prevention of mishaps that could lead to
dangerous accidents.
[0007] The conventional hoses are nitrile rubber
(NBR)/styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) based hoses that are often
insufficient in chemical resistance, and thus unable to fulfill the
requirements of some testing standards. One such standard is the
Australian Standard AS1335 for hose and hose assemblies for
welding, cutting and allied processes. This standard sets out
requirements for hose and hose assemblies for use in the welding,
cutting and allied processes. The hose and hose assemblies have a
minimum rated working pressure of 1.2 MPa for containing and
conveying acetylene, oxygen, liquefied petroleum gases (LPGs) and
mixtures of methylacetylene and propadiene (MPS), nitrogen and
other non-combustible inert shielding gases such as argon and
carbon dioxide. The standard requires the hoses to pass rigorous
exposure to chemicals, such as methyl borate, acetone and
pentane.
[0008] Thus, there exists a need for combinations of materials
which form articles, such as welding and cutting equipment hoses
which have sufficient chemical resistance required by certain
standards, such need met at least in part, with the following
disclosure.
SUMMARY
[0009] This summary is provided to introduce a selection of
concepts that are further described below in the detailed
description. This summary is not intended to identify key or
essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it
intended to be used as an aid in limiting the scope of the claimed
subject matter.
[0010] In some embodiments of the disclosure, a hose is provided
which includes an inner tube containing a blend of chlorinated
polyethylene (CPE) with ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber
(EPDM), from 5 phr to 15 phr of a branched plasticizer, from 10 phr
to 30 phr carbon black, from 30 phr to 60 phr mineral filling, and
a peroxide curing agent. The hose defines an inner conduit. A
reinforcement layer is disposed outwardly adjacent the inner tube,
and an outer cover disposed outwardly adjacent the reinforcement
layer. Upon and after curing, the inner tube at least meets methyl
borate resistance, acetone resistance and pentane resistance
requirements of Australian Standard AS1335. In some aspects, after
curing the inner tube exceeds the methyl borate resistance, acetone
resistance and pentane resistance requirements of the Australian
Standard AS1335. Also, after curing, the hose at least meets flame
resistance requirements of the Australian Standard AS1335.
Additionally, in some embodiments, some hoses meet all aspects of
the Australian Standard AS1335.
[0011] The cured hose may contain at least one of acetylene,
oxygen, liquefied petroleum gases (LPGs), or mixtures of
methylacetylene and propadiene (MPS), within the inner conduit. In
some aspects, the hose conveys at least one of acetylene, oxygen,
liquefied petroleum gases (LPGs), or mixtures of methylacetylene
and propadiene (MPS), through the inner conduit.
[0012] In some aspects, the blended amount of chlorinated
polyethylene (CPE) with EPDM may be in a weight ratio of from 5:1
to 20:1, or even in a weight ratio of from 10:1 to 15:1.
[0013] In some aspects, the reinforcement layer includes a
plurality of spiral yarns. Also, the outer cover may include EPDM
and/or CPE/EPDM blend.
[0014] In another aspect of the disclosure, a welding hose assembly
includes first and second hoses and couplings securely attached to
opposing distal ends of each of the first and second hoses. The
first hose includes an inner tube having a blend of chlorinated
polyethylene (CPE) with ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber
(EPDM), from 5 phr to 15 phr branched plasticizer, from 10 phr to
30 phr carbon black, from 30 phr to 60 phr mineral filling, and a
peroxide curing agent, wherein the hose defines an inner conduit. A
reinforcement layer disposed outwardly adjacent the inner tube, and
an outer cover disposed outwardly adjacent the reinforcement layer.
Upon and after curing, the inner tube at least meets methyl borate
resistance, acetone resistance and pentane resistance requirements
of Australian Standard AS1335. In some aspects, the first and
second hoses have inner tubes constructed of the same composition,
while in some other aspects, the second hose includes an inner tube
constructed of an EPDM material.
[0015] The welding hose assembly may have the first and second
hoses attached by a joint formed from the outer cover of the first
hose and an outer cover of the second hose. In some cases, the
joint is cohesive and formed during the hose curing process.
Alternatively, the joint is formed during by applying an adhesive
to the outer cover of the first hose and the outer cover of the
second hose. Additionally, the first and second hoses may be
further attached by a clamp. In yet other cases, the first and
second hoses are attached by mating corresponding tabs extending
from the outer cover of the first hose and an outer cover of the
second hose.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Certain embodiments of the disclosure will hereafter be
described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like
reference numerals denote like elements. It should be understood,
however, that the accompanying figures illustrate the various
implementations described herein and are not meant to limit the
scope of various technologies described herein, and:
[0017] FIG. 1 illustrates in a perspective view, a portion of a
hose embodiment, according to an aspect of the disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 2 depicts in a perspective view, a portion of another
hose embodiment, according to another aspect of the disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 3 shows in a perspective view, a portion of yet another
hose embodiment, according to an aspect of the disclosure;
[0020] FIG. 4 illustrates in a perspective view, a portion of a
hose assembly embodiment, according to an aspect of the
disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 5 depicts in a perspective view, a portion of another
hose assembly embodiment, according to another aspect of the
disclosure; and,
[0022] FIG. 6 shows in a perspective view, a portion of yet another
hose assembly embodiment, according to an aspect of the
disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The following description of the variations is merely
illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the scope
of the disclosure, its application, or uses. The description and
examples are presented herein solely for the purpose of
illustrating the various embodiments of the disclosure and should
not be construed as a limitation to the scope and applicability of
the disclosure. While the materials used in the present disclosure
are described herein as comprising certain components, it should be
understood that the materials could optionally comprise two or more
chemically different materials. In addition, the materials can also
comprise some components other than the ones already cited. In the
summary of the disclosure and this detailed description, each
numerical value should be read once as modified by the term "about"
(unless already expressly so modified), and then read again as not
so modified unless otherwise indicated in context. Also, in the
summary of the disclosure and this detailed description, it should
be understood that a value, concentration and/or amount range
listed or described as being useful, suitable, or the like, is
intended that any and every point within the range, including the
end points, is to be considered as having been stated. For example,
"a range of from 1 to 10" is to be read as indicating each and
every possible number along the continuum between about 1 and about
10. Thus, even if specific data points within the range, or even no
data points within the range, are explicitly identified or refer to
only a few specific, it is to be understood that inventors
appreciate and understand that any and all data points within the
range are to be considered to have been specified, and that
inventors had possession of the entire range and all points within
the range.
[0024] Unless expressly stated to the contrary, "or" refers to an
inclusive or and not to an exclusive or. For example, a condition A
or B is satisfied by anyone of the following: A is true (or
present) and B is false (or not present), A is false (or not
present) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true (or
present).
[0025] In addition, use of the "a" or "an" are employed to describe
elements and components of the embodiments herein. This is done
merely for convenience and to give a general sense of concepts
according to the disclosure. This description should be read to
include one or at least one and the singular also includes the
plural unless otherwise stated.
[0026] The terminology and phraseology used herein is for
descriptive purposes and should not be construed as limiting in
scope. Language such as "including," "comprising," "having,"
"containing," or "involving," and variations thereof, is intended
to be broad and encompass the subject matter listed thereafter,
equivalents, and additional subject matter not recited.
[0027] Also, as used herein any references to "one embodiment" or
"an embodiment" means that a particular element, feature,
structure, or characteristic described in connection with the
embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. The appearances
of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the
specification are not necessarily referring to the same
embodiment.
[0028] Embodiments according to the disclosure are hoses useful for
welding hose assemblies. Referring to FIG. 1, some hoses 100
according to the disclosure include, at a minimum, an inner tube
102, at least one reinforcement layer 104, and an outer cover 106.
Hoses may be any type of welding equipment hose, such as a single
line welding hose which may meet the AS-1335 standard. Hoses may be
paired together or paired with other convention hoses to make a
hose assembly which may be a twin-line welding grade hose assembly,
which may meet AS-1335 requirements.
[0029] Some hose embodiments according to the disclosure include an
inner tube based upon a blend of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE)
with ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM), which further
includes from 10 phr to 25 phr branched plasticizer, from 30 phr to
50 phr carbon black, from 60 phr to 85 phr mineral filling, and a
peroxide curing agent. The inner tube hose defines an inner conduit
therein through which fluids may be contained and/or conveyed. In
some alternate embodiments ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) is used
in place of the EPDM.
[0030] The EPDM rubber useful in some embodiments of the disclosure
is generally a terpolymer of ethylene, propylene, and diene
functional monomers. In some aspects, the EPDM rubber from about
2.5% to about 12% weight of diene functional monomer, and in some
other aspects, at least 6% by weight of diene functional
monomer.
[0031] In some embodiments of the disclosure, the chlorinated
polyethylene (CPE) is a variation of polyethylene having a chlorine
content from about 34 to about 44% by weight. The chlorinated
polyethylene can be crosslinked peroxidically with the EPDM, to
form inner tube elastomer with properties described above, as well
as improved flammability resistance.
[0032] Some nonlimiting examples of useful chlorinated polyethylene
(CPE) materials according to the disclosure include commercially
available materials, such as Weipren.RTM. 4136L, Weipren.RTM. 4235,
Weipren.RTM. 6335, Weipren.RTM. 7130, and the like. Some
nonlimiting examples of EPDM materials useful in some embodiments
of the disclosure include those EPDM materials having a weight
ratio of ethylene to propylene of from about 1:1 up to about 3:1,
ethylidene norbornene diene content of from about 3% to 6% by
weight, and a Mooney viscosity of from about 50 to about 75. Some
nonlimiting commercially available examples include Royalene.RTM.
512, Royalene.RTM. 539, Royalene.RTM. 563, Vistalon.RTM. 5601,
Vistalon.RTM. 6602, Nordel .RTM. 4640, Nordel .RTM. 4570, Nordel
.RTM. 4770, and the like.
[0033] Conventional peroxide curing agents may be used in the
compositions forming the inner tubes, according to the disclosure.
The peroxide curing agent will typically be employed at a level
which is within the range of about 0.2 phr to about 2.0 phr and
will more typically be utilized at a level which is within the
range of about 0.3 phr to about 1.5 phr. In some aspects, the
peroxide curing agent is included at a level which is within the
range of about 0.4 phr to about 0.8 phr.
[0034] The peroxide curing agents which can be utilized according
to the disclosure are those which are generally suitable for curing
EPDM. Some representative examples of organic peroxides which can
be used include, but not limited to, dicumyl peroxide, t-butyl
perbenzoate, di-t-butyl peroxide,
2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-t-butylperoxyhexane,
alpha-alpha'-bis(t-butylperoxy) diisopropylbenzene, methylethyl
ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide,
pinane hydroperoxide, p-menthane hydroperoxide, t-butyl
hydroperoxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, and the like. Dicumyl peroxide
and alpha-alpha'-bis(t-butylperoxy) diisopropylbenzene are
preferred peroxide compounds in some embodiments.
[0035] Embodiments according to the disclosure include at least one
reinforcement layer disposed outwardly adjacent the inner tube. The
reinforcement layer, or layers, may include one or more layers of
textile fabric or single yarns, and optional tie layers when
multiple textile layers are used. In some embodiments, no tie
layers are used in the reinforcement layer, when multiple textile
layers are used. The textile layers typically comprise yarns which
are made of any suitable material, such as, but not limited to
cotton, polyester, nylon, or blends thereof. Likewise, single yarns
may be made of any suitable material, such as, but not limited to
cotton, polyester, nylon, or blends thereof.
[0036] Yarns used in hose embodiments for reinforcement of the tube
material provide the strength to achieve the desired resistance to
internal pressure or to provide resistance to collapse, or both.
The basic yarn properties required for hose reinforcement are:
adequate strength, acceptable heat resistance, dynamic fatigue
resistance, and satisfactory process ability for the various
methods of reinforcing hose. Other special properties such as
stiffness, adhesion, conductivity, etc., may be developed depending
upon the specific hose application. Yarn is available in two basic
forms: staple (sometimes referred to as spun yarn) and
filament.
[0037] Staple yarn is made by twisting bundles of short fibers to
form a continuous yarn. The staple obtains its strength from the
binding effect of the twist imparted to the individual fibers. The
base staple yarn is called a singles. It is made from fiber bundles
twisted together in one direction to form a singles strand. If two
or more single yarns are twisted together, usually in a direction
opposite that of the singles yarn, the result is a plied yarn. Two
or more plied yarns may be twisted to form a cable cord. The
strength, elongation, and thickness of yarn are a function of the
twist level and the number of fibers in the bundle. Staple yarns
may be made from natural or synthetic fibers or a blend of the two.
The cotton count system is normally used to designate staple yarn
size. The number of "hanks" in one pound is the yarn number. A
cotton hank is 840 yards. Therefore, a 2's staple yarn contains
approximately 1680 yards in one pound. The cotton count system is
an inverse measure of the linear density of the yarn, i.e., as the
yarn number increases the yarn size is decreased.
[0038] Filament yarn is produced by extruding synthetic material
through a spinnerette containing hundreds of orifices. The
monofilaments from each of the orifices are brought together to
form a multifilament yarn. Filament yarns have higher tenacity
(strength per unit of weight--grams per denier), in the range of 2
to 3 times that of staple yarn on the same material type and
size.
[0039] The properties of the textile fabric depend on the
construction and the material from which the yarn is made and on
the type of weave used. One common hose fabric is woven from warp
yarns, which run lengthwise, and filling yarns, which run
cross-wise. Usually they are woven at right angles to each other.
The most common weave is known as "plain weave". Other weaves used,
though to a lesser degree, are twill, basket weave, and leno. Woven
cord is a special type of hose reinforcement which may be used. The
warp cords are strong while the filling yarn is very fine and
merely holds the cords in position. This is often called "tire
cord" because this type of construction is commonly used in
reinforcing tires. Woven cord provides strength in one direction
only. When woven cord is used, a minimum of two layers are applied
in alternate directions.
[0040] In some aspects, where a plurality of single yarns are used
as the reinforcement layer, the yarns may be applied over the inner
tube in counter spiraling orientations, as shown in FIG. 1, 104.
These yarn may be woven in an over / under pattern, or simply a
first set of yarns applied in a spiral direction laying beneath a
second set of yarns applied in a counter spiral direction.
[0041] In some aspects of the disclosure, to adhere to the tube and
cover of the hose, the fabric and/or yarns may be rubberized. The
fabric and/or yarns is either frictioned or coated with a thin
layer of rubber. Before rubberizing, some fabrics and/or yarns are
treated with liquid adhesive. In some cases, fabrics and/or yarns
may be used after treatment with liquid adhesive, and not
necessarily rubberized.
[0042] Hose embodiments according to the disclosure include an
outer cover disposed outwardly adjacent the reinforcement layer(s)
described above. In general, the outer cover may be based upon any
rubber that can be crosslinked. Mixtures of rubbers may also be
used. Some examples of a rubber useful according to the disclosure,
include, without limitation, vinyl-reinforced nitrile rubber or
EPDM synthetic rubber. Other synthetic rubbers may be used, as
well, in accordance with the disclosure. Examples include, without
limitation, synthetic polyisoprenes, polybutadienes, acrylonitrile
butadiene rubber, styrene acrylonitrile butadiene rubber,
polychloroprene rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymer rubber,
isoprene-isobutylene copolymer rubber and its halogenated
derivatives, ethylenepropylene-diene copolymer rubbers such as
ethylene-propylene-cyclopentadiene terpolymer, ethylene-propylene
ethylidene norbornene terpolymer, and
ethylene-propylene-1,4-hexadiene terpolymer, butadiene-propylene
copolymer rubber, butadiene-ethylene copolymer rubber,
butadiene-isoprene copolymer, polypentenamer,
styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymers, epoxidized natural
rubber and their mixtures. In general, such compounds are
characterized by repeating olefinic unsaturation in the backbone of
the polymer, which generally arises from the presence of butadiene
or isoprene monomers in the polymer structure.
[0043] Fillers may be used in the compositions used to form the
tube and cover layers, to enhance properties, to save money, to
facilitate processing, to improve physical properties or for other
reasons. A variety of filler materials are known. Such fillers
include silica, carbon black, clay, organic fiber, inorganic metal
powder, mineral powder, talc, calcium sulfate, calcium silicate,
and the like. Typical levels of these and other fillers include
from about 10 phr to 100 phr or higher. In various embodiments, the
compositions contain 10-80, 30-70, 40-60, 50-60, or 35-60 phr
filler. The compositions may also contain other ingredients in
addition to the rubbers, distillates, curatives, and accelerators.
These additives are well-known in the art and include activators,
processing aids, antioxidant packages, pigments, and the like.
Non-limiting examples of specific uses of these additives are given
in the examples.
[0044] The compositions used to form the tube and cover layers
according to the disclosure may be compounded in conventional
rubber processing equipment. In a typical procedure, all components
of the rubber composition are weighed out. The rubber and additives
are then compounded in a conventional mixer such as a Banbury.RTM.
mixer. If desired, the compounded rubber may then be further mixed
on a roller mill. At this time, it is possible to add pigments such
as carbon black. The composition may be allowed to mature for a
period of hours prior to the addition of curative(s) and
accelerators, or they may be added immediately on the roller mill.
It has been found to be advantageous to add the accelerators into
the Banbury.RTM. mixer in the later stages of the mixing cycle.
Adding the accelerators into the Banbury.RTM. mixer generally
improves their distribution in the rubber composition, and aids in
the reduction of the cure time and temperatures that is observed in
the compositions of the invention.
[0045] Now referencing FIGS. 2 through 6 which illustrate yet other
hose and hose assembly embodiments according to the disclosure.
Hose 200, depicted in FIG. 2, includes an inner tube 202, a first
reinforcement layer 204, and an outer cover 206. Hose 200 further
includes a second reinforcement layer 208 and an optional tie layer
210 disposed between, and optionally extending into, first
reinforcement layer 204 and second reinforcement layer 208.
[0046] Hose 300, shown in FIG. 3, includes an inner tube 302, a
first reinforcement layer 304, and an outer cover 306. Hose 300
further includes a second reinforcement layer 308, third
reinforcement layer 310, and fourth reinforcement layer 312.
Optional tie layers may be disposed between the reinforcement
layers. Hose 300 may be useful for high pressure applications, such
as a high pressure oxygen charge hose.
[0047] Now referencing FIG. 4, which depicts a hose assembly
according to the disclosure. Hose assembly incudes a pair of hoses,
402 and 412, which are connected by any suitable means, such as,
but not limited to, clips, clamps, adhered tabs, a common cover,
covers which are co-cured to form connected covers, combinations
thereof, and the like. Hoses 402 and 412 include inner tubes 404
and 414 respectively, reinforcement layers 406 and 416, and covers
408 and 418. Inner tubes 404 and 414, may, in some aspects, may
both include a blend of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) with
ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM), as described above.
In some other aspects, only one of inner tubes 404 or 414 includes
a blend of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) with ethylene propylene
diene monomer rubber (EPDM), while the other inner tube is based
upon conventional rubber materials used in such hose types, such as
CPE, EPDM, polychloroprene, SBR, natural rubber etc.
[0048] FIG. 5 shows a hose assembly 500 which includes hoses 402
and 412 attached with one another via tabs 410 and 420 extending
from covers 408 and 418 respectively. Tabs 410 and 420 are attached
with one another by any suitable means, including, but not limited
to, applying an adhesive to the corresponding faces of the tabs,
cohesively bonding the corresponding faces of the tabs during the
hose curing process, combination thereof, and the like.
[0049] FIG. 6 depicts a hose assembly 600 which includes hoses 402
and 412 attached with one another via joint 430 formed from covers
408 and 418, and one or more clamps 432 (only one shown). Joint 430
may be securely constructed by any suitable means, including, but
not limited to, applying an adhesive to the corresponding faces of
the tabs, cohesively bonding the corresponding faces of the tabs
during the hose curing process, combination thereof, and the
like.
EXAMPLES
[0050] The following experimental data was generated for the
purpose of further illustrating the nature of some of the
embodiments and aspects of the disclosure, and are not intended as
a limitation on the scope thereof. The following examples were
prepared to illustrate that embodiments of the disclosure meet
requirements of the AS-1335 standard. In the following examples,
the blends of materials were prepared and passed through a
Banbury.RTM. mixer in a single pass. It is within the scope of the
disclosure that the blends could have been prepared in a twin pass
process where a nonproductive blend is first prepared and passed
through a Banbury.RTM. mixer, followed by adding the curative
materials, and then passing through the Banbury.RTM. mixer to
provide a productive mixture. All numerical values provided in
Table 1 are expressed in unit of PHR (per hundred resin)
TABLE-US-00001 TABLE 1 Trade Name Chemical Name Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Ex. 3
Ex. 4 Ex. 5 Ex. 6 Huber Carb Q325 CaCO3 56 56 56 56 56 56 N650
Carbon Black Carbon black 60 45 75 75 75 45 Plasthall TOTM Trioctyl
Trimellite 17 17 17 17 17 17 Di Octyl Adipate Di-2-Ethylhexladipate
7 7 7 7 7 7 Magnesium Oxide Magnesium Oxide 12 12 12 12 12 12
CPE7130 Chlorinated Polyethylene 92 92 92 92 92 92 Royalene 563
64/40 75M 4.7 ENB EPDM 8 8 8 8 8 8 TMQ Quinoline,
1,2-dihydro-2,2,4- 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 trimethyl-,homopolymer
Micral 632 Hydrated Alumina 10 10 10 10 10 10 Akrosperse E-29072
Antimony Oxide 4 4 4 4 4 4 (90% Antimony Oxide) Plasthall RP-1020
Reactive Ester 0 0 0 10 20 0 TAC/DLC-A Peroxide Triallyl Cyanurate
on Calcium 2.5 2.5 1.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 Coagent Silicate Plasthall
RP-1020 Dicumyl Peroxide 5.25 5.25 3.75 5.25 5.25 5.25
[0051] Inner tubes were formed from the compounds presented in
Table 1, above. The inner tubes were extruding into proper shape
and sized, and then cured to for test samples. The inner tubes were
subjected to the testing criteria for Australian Standard AS1335.
Acetone resistance was conducted by exposing the test sample for 24
hrs @ 23 deg. C to acetone, and mass weight changed measured.
Change in international rubber hardness degree scale (IRHD) was
also measured after 24 hours of acetone exposure. These test
samples were also subjected to 2 minutes pressure testing @ 102 psi
after 24 hours of acetone exposure. The same tests were conducted
on samples after 24 hours of exposure to a 70% methyl borate/30%
methanol blend, by volume, @ 23 deg. C; however, volume change was
measured instead of mass change.
[0052] Pentane resistance testing was conducted on the tube only. A
portion of the tube was weighed (ma) and then immersed in liquid
pentane for 72 hrs at a temperature of 23 deg. C. The tube was then
removed from the pentane, allowed to stand for 60 seconds, and then
weighed (m1). The tube was allowed to stand for 24 hours at 23 deg.
C, and then weighed (m2). Percent (%) pentane absorbed was
calculated using the following formula:
% pentane absorbed = m 1 - m 2 m 0 ( A ) ##EQU00001##
[0053] Percent (%) extractables was calculated using the following
formula:
% extractables = m 0 - m 2 m 0 ( B ) ##EQU00002##
[0054] Flammability testing was conducted on the test samples when
incorporated into hoses, in accordance with testing procedure
AS1335 Appendix B. Flame propagation had to be less than 50 mm from
each side of center, and not penetrate through the hose wall.
TABLE-US-00002 TABLE 2 Spec. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. IMMERSION TEST
Limit 1 2 3 4 5 6 Acetone Resistance IRHD chg. @ 24 hrs. +/-5 3 2 2
4 0 3 pts. Mass chg., maximum +30% 4 4 4 4 16 6 Methyl Borate
Resistance IRHD chg. @ 24 hrs. +/-5 -3 -3 -4 -2 0 4 pts. Volume
chg., +30% 13 14 12 12 16 18 maximum Pentane Resistance (A) '%
Absorbed, <15% 6 6 5 7 9 8 maximum (B) % Extractables, <10% 7
7 7 8 9 9 maximum Flame Test Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass Pass
[0055] As shown in Table 2, inner tube samples evaluated met these
requirements for Australian Standard AS1335.
[0056] The foregoing description of the embodiments and examples
has been provided for purposes of illustration and description.
Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be
sufficiently thorough, and will convey the scope to those who are
skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as
examples of specific components, devices, and methods, to provide a
thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure, but are
not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. It will
be appreciated that it is within the scope of the disclosure that
individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are
generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where
applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected
embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same
may also be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be
regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such
modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the
disclosure.
[0057] Also, in some example embodiments, well-known processes,
well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not
described in detail. Further, it will be readily apparent to those
of skill in the art that in the design, manufacture, and operation
of apparatus to achieve that described in the disclosure,
variations in apparatus design, construction, condition, erosion of
components, and gaps between components may present, for
example.
[0058] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used
herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers
and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or
sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be
only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or
section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as
"first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do
not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the
context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section
discussed below could be termed a second element, component,
region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of
the example embodiments.
[0059] Spatially relative terms, such as "inner," "outer,"
"beneath," "below," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like, may be
used herein for ease of description to describe one element or
feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as
illustrated in the figures. Spatially relative terms may be
intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use
or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the
figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over,
elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or
features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or
features. Thus, the example term "below" can encompass both an
orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise
oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the
spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted
accordingly.
[0060] Although a few embodiments of the disclosure have been
described in detail above, those of ordinary skill in the art will
readily appreciate that many modifications are possible without
materially departing from the teachings of this disclosure.
Accordingly, such modifications are intended to be included within
the scope of this disclosure as defined in the claims.
* * * * *