U.S. patent application number 16/246309 was filed with the patent office on 2019-05-16 for electrical connector, in particular for a cutaneous device.
This patent application is currently assigned to COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES. The applicant listed for this patent is COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES. Invention is credited to Fabrice Emieux, Nicolas Karst, Philippe Pantigny, Simon Perraud.
Application Number | 20190143096 16/246309 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 51610208 |
Filed Date | 2019-05-16 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20190143096 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Perraud; Simon ; et
al. |
May 16, 2019 |
ELECTRICAL CONNECTOR, IN PARTICULAR FOR A CUTANEOUS DEVICE
Abstract
An electrical connector, in particular for a medical device that
is intended to be secured to the skin of a user, the connector
comprising a base intended to be solidly connected to the device
and a plug intended to be solidly connected to an electric
conductor, wherein the plug comprises a connection means and the
base comprises a plurality of connection means, each being adapted
to engage with the connection means of the plug in order to
establish a connection between the base and the plug comprising a
base secured to the device and a plug configured to be secured to
an electrical conductor, wherein the base includes a plurality of
protuberances and the plug includes a cavity.
Inventors: |
Perraud; Simon; (Bandol,
FR) ; Emieux; Fabrice; (Voreppe, FR) ; Karst;
Nicolas; (Folkling, FR) ; Pantigny; Philippe;
(Claix, FR) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES
ALTERNATIVES |
Paris |
|
FR |
|
|
Assignee: |
COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE
ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES
Paris
FR
|
Family ID: |
51610208 |
Appl. No.: |
16/246309 |
Filed: |
January 11, 2019 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
|
|
15311802 |
Nov 16, 2016 |
10213594 |
|
|
PCT/IB2015/053484 |
May 12, 2015 |
|
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16246309 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
607/115 ;
439/660 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61N 1/0476 20130101;
A61N 1/048 20130101; A61N 1/0492 20130101 |
International
Class: |
A61N 1/04 20060101
A61N001/04 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
May 19, 2014 |
FR |
1454451 |
Claims
1. An electrical connector for a medical device configured to be
fixed on the skin of a user, comprising: a base secured to the
device; and a plug configured to be secured to an electrical
conductor, wherein the plug comprises first connection means and
the base comprises second connection means configured for
cooperating with the first connecting means of the plug to ensure
the connection between the base and the plug, wherein the base
includes a plurality of protuberances and the plug includes a
cavity.
2. The connector of claim 1, wherein the base comprises at least
one layer performing a mechanical support function and the
plurality of protuberances is made directly on the mechanical
support layer or on an intermediate layer, the protuberances, the
layer performing a mechanical support function or the intermediate
layer performing an electrical function and optionally a magnetic
function, and the plug comprises a cylindrical part defining the
cavity that is closed by a base, the electrical function of the
plug being performed by the cylindrical part or the base and the
potential magnetic function of the plug being performed by the
cylindrical part or the base.
3. The connector of claim 2, wherein the base comprises, on the
layer performing the mechanical support function, an intermediate
layer, the electrical function and the potential magnetic function
being performed by the layer or the intermediate layer, the
protuberances being made on the layer or on the intermediate layer,
the electrical function and the potential magnetic function of the
plug being performed by the cylindrical part.
4. The connector of claim 2, wherein the base comprises, on the
layer performing the mechanical support function, protuberances
made directly on this mechanical support layer, these protuberances
performing the electrical function and optionally a magnetic
function, the electrical function and the potential magnetic
function of the plug being performed by the base.
5. The connector according to claim 2, wherein the base comprises,
on the layer performing the mechanical support function, an
intermediate layer performing the electrical function, the
protuberances being made on this intermediate layer and optionally
performing the magnetic function, the cylindrical part of the plug
performing the electrical function and its base optionally
performing the magnetic function.
6. The connector according to claim 5, wherein the protuberances
perform the electrical function and the intermediate layer performs
a magnetic function.
Description
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0001] Embodiments of the current disclosure relate to the
technical field of devices intended to be fixed on the skin of a
user.
[0002] It in particular involves medical devices, such as cutaneous
electrodes for measuring physiological parameters or impulse
generators for electrostimulation.
BACKGROUND
[0003] These devices are generally compact enough to be placed
directly on a user's skin. They are designed also to be relatively
thin and flexible.
[0004] These devices generally comprise an electrical connector
making it possible to connect the device to an electrical wire.
[0005] The electrical connector is made up of two parts:
[0006] a plug, i.e., the part of the connector situated at the end
of the electrical wire,
[0007] a base, i.e., the part of the connector secured to the
device.
[0008] One commonly used electrical connector is of the
"pushbutton" type. Generally, the plug comprises a cavity (female
plug) and the base comprises a protuberance (male base) intended to
be inserted into the cavity.
[0009] Electrical connectors of the pushbutton type have drawbacks,
in particular when the user fastens the device on his skin before
performing the connection.
[0010] Indeed, pressure (i.e., a force perpendicular to the plane
of the device) must be exerted to perform the connection, which may
be painful for the user.
[0011] Furthermore, the user must position the cavity of the plug
exactly opposite the protuberance of the base before exerting the
pressure. Thus, a visual inspection is necessary to make the
connection quickly. As a result, making the connection may become
an extremely long and tedious operation if this visual inspection
is not possible. This for example occurs when the user has fixed
the device on his back or behind one of his legs.
[0012] Thus, with an electrical connector of the pushbutton type,
it is generally preferable to fix the device on the skin after
having performed the electrical connection, which is less practical
for the user.
[0013] Other types of connection have been proposed in the prior
art.
[0014] In particular, electrical connectors comprising magnetic
parts are described in document U.S. Pat. No. 4,112,941.
[0015] This document specifically relates to the field of cutaneous
electrodes, with a plug comprising a cavity (female plug) and a
base comprising a protuberance (male base). With the electrical
connector described in this document, it is no longer necessary to
exert pressure to perform the connection, since the magnetic force
between the plug and the base suffices to insert the protuberance
of the base into the cavity of the plug. This therefore resolves
one of the problems encountered with connectors of the pushbutton
type, since it is no longer necessary to exert pressure to make the
connection.
[0016] However, a visual inspection is still necessary to perform
the connection quickly. Indeed, the user must at least pre-position
the cavity of the plug near the protuberance of the base, before
the magnetic forces begin to act and assemble the two parts of the
connector.
SUMMARY
[0017] Embodiments of the current disclosure aim to offset these
drawbacks by proposing an electrical connector, in particular for a
medical device intended to be fixed on the skin of a user,
comprising a base secured to the device and a plug intended to be
secured to an electrical conductor, which makes it possible to
perform a quick connection of the base and the plug without visual
inspection, and preferably without exerting pressure.
[0018] According to the disclosure, the plug comprises a connection
means and the base comprises a plurality of connection means, each
of them being suitable for cooperating with the connecting means of
the plug to ensure the connection between the base and the
plug.
[0019] Thus, the base includes a high density of potential
connection zones with the plug, which makes it possible to perform
a quick connection between the base and the plug, with no visual
inspection.
[0020] Preferably, the center-to-center distance between two
adjacent connecting means of the base is comprised between 1.5 and
10 times the section of these connecting means.
[0021] Furthermore, the connecting means of the base are preferably
distributed uniformly over the surface of the base.
[0022] The electrical connector according to the disclosure
preferably includes magnetic means on both the plug and the
base.
[0023] The presence of these magnetic means prevents the user from
having to exert pressure to make the connection between the plug
and the base.
[0024] They therefore contribute to facilitating the connection
between the plug and the base, with no visual inspection.
[0025] In a first embodiment, the base includes a plurality of
holes and the plug includes a protuberance.
[0026] In this first embodiment of the connector, the base is made
up of a stack of at least two layers, one of them performing at
least a mechanical support function and the at least two layers
also performing an electrical function and optionally a magnetic
function, the holes of the base traversing at least the layer
acting as mechanical support, and the plug comprising a base and a
protuberance performing an electrical function and optionally a
magnetic function.
[0027] In a first form of the embodiment, the stack making up the
base comprises a layer performing a mechanical support function and
a layer performing an electrical function and optionally a magnetic
function, the holes traversing the stack.
[0028] Furthermore, the electrical function and optionally magnetic
function of the plug is performed by the base.
[0029] In a second form of the first embodiment of the connector,
the stack making up the base comprises a layer performing an
electrical function and a layer performing a mechanical function,
the layer performing an electrical function also being able to
perform a magnetic function, the holes only traversing the layer
performing a mechanical function, the electrical function and
optionally magnetic function of the plug being performed by the
protuberance.
[0030] In a third form of the first embodiment of the connector,
the stack making up the base successively comprises a layer
performing an electric function, a layer performing a mechanical
function and optionally a layer performing a magnetic function, the
holes traversing the layer performing a magnetic function and, when
it is present, the layer performing a magnetic function, any
magnetic function of the plug being performed by the base and the
electrical function of the plug being performed by the
protuberance.
[0031] In a first particular configuration, the potential magnetic
function is performed by the layer performing a magnetic
function.
[0032] In a second particular configuration, a layer having an
aesthetic function is provided on the layer performing a mechanical
function or on the potential layer performing a magnetic
function.
[0033] In a first alternative embodiment, the plug comprises an
annular part protruding on the base and extending around the
protuberance, the base comprising, around each hole, an annular
opening to receive the protruding annular part of the plug.
[0034] In a second alternative embodiment, the plug includes a
protuberance having a flared shape becoming narrower as it moves
away from the base, the holes of the base including a corresponding
shape to receive this protuberance.
[0035] In a third alternative embodiment, the protuberance of the
plug comprises two parts performing an electrical function and
optionally a magnetic function, separated by an insulator.
[0036] In a fourth alternative embodiment, the protuberance of the
plug has a flared shape becoming wider as it moves away from the
base, the holes of the base having a corresponding shape to receive
this protuberance.
[0037] In a fifth alternative, the layer of the base that is not
traversed by the holes is a discontinuous layer, in particular
assuming the form of a grid or independent parts that are not
electrically connected.
[0038] The fifth alternative embodiment is applicable to the second
and third forms of the first embodiment of the connector.
[0039] The sixth alternative embodiment is applicable to the first
and third forms of the first embodiment.
[0040] In this sixth alternative, a layer traversed by the holes is
a discontinuous layer.
[0041] In a seventh alternative embodiment, the protuberance of the
plug performs an elastic function to establish better electrical
contact.
[0042] In an eighth alternative applicable to the second and third
forms, the layer performing an electrical function is made up of
two separate parts that are not electrically connected, the
protuberance or the base of the plug making it possible to
electrically connect these two parts when the plug is connected to
the base.
[0043] In a second embodiment, the base includes a plurality of
protuberances and the plug includes a cavity.
[0044] In this case, the base comprises at least one layer
performing a mechanical support function and the plurality of
protuberances is made directly on the mechanical support layer or
on an intermediate layer, the protuberances, the layer performing a
mechanical support function or the intermediate layer performing an
electrical function and optionally a magnetic function, and the
plug comprises a cylindrical part defining the cavity that is
closed by a base, the electrical function of the plug being
performed by the cylindrical part or the base and the potential
magnetic function of the plug being performed by the cylindrical
part or the base.
[0045] In a first form of this second embodiment of the connector,
the base comprises, on the layer performing a mechanical support
function, a potential intermediate layer, the electrical function
and the potential magnetic function being performed by the layer
performing a mechanical support function or the potential
intermediate layer, the protuberances being made on the layer
performing a mechanical support function or on the intermediate
layer, the electrical function and the potential magnetic function
of the plug being performed by the cylindrical part.
[0046] In a second form of the embodiment, the base comprises, on
the layer performing a mechanical support function, protuberances
made directly on this mechanical support layer, these protuberances
performing an electrical function and optionally a magnetic
function, the electrical function and the potential magnetic
function of the plug being performed by the base.
[0047] In a third form of the second embodiment of the connector,
the base comprises, on the layer performing a mechanical support
function, an intermediate layer performing an electrical function,
the protuberances being made on this intermediate layer and
optionally performing a magnetic function, the cylindrical part of
the plug performing an electrical function and its base optionally
performing a magnetic function.
[0048] In one alternative of this third form, it is the
protuberances that perform an electrical function and the
intermediate layer that optionally performs a magnetic
function.
[0049] The connector according to the disclosure may include a
plurality of plugs, the number of which is strictly smaller than
that of the connecting means of the base.
[0050] The disclosure also relates to a medical device intended to
be fixed on the skin of a user, of the patch type.
[0051] In this case, the connecting means of the base are
advantageously distributed so as to occupy more than 1% of the
total surface area of the device, and in particular more than 5% of
this surface area.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0052] The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages
of the claimed subject matter will become more readily appreciated
as the same become better understood by reference to the following
detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0053] FIG. 1 (1A-1B) comprises a top view (FIG. 1A) and a
sectional view (FIG. 1B) of a female base corresponding to a first
embodiment of the connector,
[0054] FIG. 2 (2A-2F) shows, in top view (FIGS. 2A, 2C, 2E) and
sectional view (FIGS. 2B, 2D, 2F), three examples of male plugs
adapted to the base illustrated in FIG. 1, the base according to
FIG. 1 being illustrated in dotted lines in FIGS. 2B to 2F,
[0055] FIG. 3 (3A-3B) shows a top view (FIG. 3A) and a sectional
view (FIG. 3B) of a female base corresponding to a second form of
the embodiment of the connector according to the disclosure,
[0056] FIG. 4 (4A-4F) shows top views (FIGS. 4A, 4C, 4E) and
sectional views (FIGS. 4B, 4D, 4F) of examples of male plugs
adapted to the base illustrated in FIG. 3, the space being
partially illustrated in dotted lines in FIGS. 4B, 4D and 4F,
[0057] FIG. 5 (5A-5B) comprises a top view (FIG. 5A) and a
sectional view (FIG. 5B) of a female base corresponding to a third
form of the embodiment of the connector, and adapted to the male
plug illustrated in FIG. 6,
[0058] FIG. 6 (6A-6B) comprises a top view (FIG. 6A) and a
sectional view (FIG. 6B) of the example of the male plug adapted to
the base illustrated in FIG. 5,
[0059] FIG. 7 (7A-7B) comprises a top view (FIG. 7A) and a
sectional view (FIG. 7B) of a first alternative embodiment of a
male plug adapted to the bases illustrated in FIGS. 1, 3 and 5,
[0060] FIG. 8 (8A-8B) comprises a top view (FIG. 8A) and a
sectional view (FIG. 8B) of a female base of the type illustrated
in FIG. 1 and adapted to the alternative of the plug illustrated in
FIG. 7, the plug illustrated in FIG. 7 being shown connected to the
base in FIG. 8B,
[0061] FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a second alternative of a male
plug, intended to be connected to a female base of the type
illustrated in FIGS. 1, 3 and 5,
[0062] FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a female base of the type
illustrated in FIG. 1, adapted to the plug illustrated in FIG. 9,
this plug also being illustrated connected to this base,
[0063] FIG. 11 is a sectional view illustrating a third alternative
embodiment of the male plug adapted to one of the female bases
illustrated in one of FIG. 3 or 5,
[0064] FIG. 12 (12A-12B) comprises a top view (FIG. 12A) and a
sectional view (FIG. 12B) of a base of the type illustrated in FIG.
3 and adapted to the plug illustrated in FIG. 11,
[0065] FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a fourth alternative
embodiment of a male plug adapted to the female bases described in
reference to FIGS. 1, 3 and 5,
[0066] FIG. 14 is a top view of a base of the type illustrated in
FIG. 1 and adapted to the plug illustrated in FIG. 3,
[0067] FIG. 15 (15A-15E) shows top views of examples of the lower
layer of a female base, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 5,
corresponding to a fifth alternative embodiment,
[0068] FIG. 16 is a sectional view of a base of the type
illustrated in FIG. 15D according to the fifth alternative
embodiment, a male plug of the type illustrated in FIG. 6 being
connected on this base,
[0069] FIG. 17 (17A-17B) comprises a top view (FIG. 17A) and a
sectional view (FIG. 17B) showing a sixth alternative embodiment of
the base illustrated in FIG. 5,
[0070] FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a cutaneous electrode
comprising a base according to FIG. 5,
[0071] FIG. 19 (19A-19B) comprises a sectional view (FIG. 19A) of a
patch generating impulses and including a base according to FIG.
15D and a top view (FIG. 19B) of the electrical diagram of the
patch illustrated in FIG. 19A,
[0072] FIG. 20 (20A-20B) comprises FIG. 20A showing the devices
illustrated in FIGS. 18 and 19 in place on a user's body, the
electrode according to FIG. 18 and the patch according to FIG. 19
on the body of a user and FIG. 20B illustrating the elastic band
connecting these two devices,
[0073] FIG. 21 (21A-21B) illustrates a first form of the embodiment
of a male base shown in top view (FIG. 21A) and in sectional view
(FIG. 21B),
[0074] FIG. 22 (22A-22B) shows a top view (22A) and a sectional
view (22B) of the female plug adapted to the base illustrated in
FIG. 21,
[0075] FIG. 23 (23A-23B) illustrates a second form of the
embodiment of a male base, FIG. 23A illustrating this base seen
from above and FIG. 23B illustrating it in sectional view,
[0076] FIG. 24 (24A-24B) shows a top view (24A) and a sectional
view (FIG. 24B) of the female plug adapted to the base illustrated
in FIG. 23,
[0077] FIG. 25 (25A-25B) illustrates a third form of the embodiment
of a male base, seen from above (FIG. 25A) and in sectional view
(FIG. 25B),
[0078] FIG. 26 (26A-26B) shows a top view (FIG. 26A) and a
sectional view (FIG. 26B) of a female plug adapted to the male base
illustrated in FIG. 25.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0079] The detailed description set forth below in connection with
the appended drawings, where like numerals reference like elements,
is intended as a description of various embodiments of the
disclosed subject matter and is not intended to represent the only
embodiments. Each embodiment described in this disclosure is
provided merely as an example or illustration and should not be
construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The
illustrative examples provided herein are not intended to be
exhaustive or to limit the claimed subject matter to the precise
forms disclosed.
[0080] FIGS. 1 to 6 illustrate several forms of an embodiment of a
connector according to the disclosure including a female base with
a plurality of holes and a male plug with a protuberance.
[0081] Thus, FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a first form of an embodiment
of such a connector in which the base comprises:
[0082] an upper layer having an electrical and magnetic
function,
[0083] a lower layer having a mechanical function,
[0084] a plurality of holes traversing the upper layer and the
lower layer.
[0085] FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate a second form of such a connector
in which the base comprises:
[0086] an upper layer having a mechanical function,
[0087] a lower layer having an electrical and magnetic
function,
[0088] a plurality of holes traversing only the upper layer.
[0089] FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate a third form of such a connector in
which the base comprises:
[0090] an upper layer having a magnetic function,
[0091] an intermediate layer having a mechanical function,
[0092] a lower layer having an electrical function,
[0093] a plurality of holes traversing only the upper layer and the
intermediate layer.
[0094] A first configuration of this third form of the embodiment
(not illustrated in the FIGURES) consists of eliminating the upper
layer, the potential magnetic function being performed by the
intermediate layer.
[0095] A second configuration of this third form (not illustrated
in the FIGURES) consists of adding a layer, in particular having an
aesthetic function, above the layer having a magnetic function.
Thus, the base then comprises four layers:
[0096] a layer having an aesthetic function,
[0097] a layer having a magnetic function,
[0098] a layer having a mechanical function,
[0099] a layer having an electrical function,
[0100] a plurality of holes traversing only the layer having an
aesthetic function, the layer having a magnetic function and the
layer having a mechanical function.
[0101] When the layer having a mechanical function also has a
magnetic function, the layer having an aesthetic function is
provided directly on this layer.
[0102] In each of these three forms:
[0103] The layer of the base having an electrical function is
intended to establish electrical contact with the part of the plug
having an electrical function.
[0104] The layer of the base having an electrical function is made
from an electrically conductive material and for example a metal,
such as copper, silver, gold, aluminum, iron or steel; or a polymer
filled with carbon black or metal elements; or a conductive textile
material.
[0105] Advantageously, it is a thin, or even flexible, layer.
[0106] If the layer is made from a metal or a metal alloy, the
thickness of the layer is advantageously comprised between 0.001 mm
and 1 mm, and preferably between 0.01 mm and 0.2 mm. If the layer
is made from a polymer filled with carbon black or metal elements,
or a conductive textile material, the thickness of the layer is
advantageously comprised between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, and preferably
between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.
[0107] The layer of the base having a magnetic function and the
part of the plug having a magnetic function are intended to exert
an attractive magnetic force on one another.
[0108] The layer of the base having a magnetic function is made
from a ferromagnetic material, for example iron, magnetic steel,
cobalt, nickel, or polymer filled with ferromagnetic elements or a
magnetized material, for example aluminum-nickel-cobalt,
samarium-cobalt, neodyme-iron-boron, or a polymer filled with
magnetized elements.
[0109] Advantageously, it is a thin, or even flexible, layer.
[0110] If the layer of the base is made from a metal or an alloy of
metals, the thickness of the layer is advantageously comprised
between 0.001 mm and 1 mm, preferably between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm. If
the layer is made from a polymer filled with their magnetic or
magnetized elements, the thickness of the layer is advantageously
comprised between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, and preferably between 0.5 mm
and 2 mm.
[0111] The layer of the base having the mechanical function is
traversed by the holes.
[0112] Any one of these holes is intended to receive the
protuberance of the plug and to thereby prevent accidental
disconnection via lateral forces, i.e., forces in the plane of the
base.
[0113] The layer of the base having a mechanical function is thick
enough to ensure the lateral maintenance of the protuberance and
therefore of the plug.
[0114] Advantageously, the thickness of the layer is comprised
between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, and preferably between 0.5 mm and 2
mm.
[0115] Advantageously, the layer is formed from a very flexible
material (for example, a polymer or a textile material), in order
to remain flexible despite its relatively significant
thickness.
[0116] The surface density of holes on the base is high enough to
allow a fast connection without visual inspection.
[0117] This is facilitated by the action of the magnetic forces.
However, this density of holes makes it possible to obtain a
connection with no visual inspection, even in the absence of parts
performing a magnetic function inside the connector.
[0118] However, in the presence of parts performing a magnetic
function, one can see that a small lateral movement of the plug
near the surface of the base suffices for the magnetic forces to
become active and assemble the two parts of the connector, causing
the insertion of the protuberance of the plug in one of the holes
of the base.
[0119] In other words, the high surface density of potential
connection zones (the holes of the base), combined with the action
of the magnetic forces, makes a connection with no visual
inspection even faster and easier.
[0120] Advantageously, the diameter of the holes (considering
cylindrical holes) is comprised between 0.1 mm and 10 mm, and
preferably between 0.5 mm and 5 mm. Advantageously, the
center-to-center distance between two adjacent holes with an
identical diameter is comprised between 1.5 times the diameter of a
hole and 10 times the diameter, preferably between 1.5 times the
diameter and 5 times the diameter. The holes do not necessarily
have a circular shape, but may for example be oblong.
[0121] Advantageously, the holes of the base are distributed
uniformly over the surface of the base.
[0122] If the base is intended for a device worn in the form of a
patch, the sum of the surface areas occupied by the holes
advantageously corresponds to more than 1% of the total surface
area of the patch, and preferably more than 5% of the total surface
area of the patch.
[0123] Furthermore, in all of these forms, the plug comprises:
[0124] a part serving as a protuberance,
[0125] a part having an electrical function (i.e., a part made from
an electrically conductive material, for example a metal, such as
copper, silver, gold, aluminum, iron or steel; or polymer filled
with carbon black or metallic elements),
[0126] a part having a magnetic function (i.e., a part made from a
ferromagnetic material, for example iron, magnetic steel, cobalt,
nickel; or a part made from a magnetized material, for example
ferrite, aluminum-nickel-cobalt, samarium-cobalt,
neodyme-iron-boron).
[0127] In reference first to FIGS. 1 and 2, FIGS. 1A (top view) and
1B (sectional view along line I-I of FIG. 1A) show the base 20 of
the electrical connector.
[0128] The base 20 comprises an upper layer 21 (with thickness
e.sub.E) having an electrical and magnetic function, and a lower
layer 22 (with thickness E.sub.E) having a mechanical function.
[0129] The base 20 comprises a plurality of cylindrical holes 23
(with diameter D.sub.E) traversing the upper layer 21 and the lower
layer 22.
[0130] The holes 23 here form of periodic network (with period
P.sub.E). The upper layer 21 is for example a sheet of magnetic
stainless steel; it may be a flexible sheet.
[0131] The lower layer 22 is for example a sheet of polymer or
textile material; it may be a flexible layer.
[0132] Advantageously, the thickness e.sub.E of the upper layer 21
is comprised between 0.001 mm and 0.5 mm, and preferably, between
0.01 mm and 0.2 mm. For example, the upper layer 21 is a flexible
sheet of AISI 420 magnetic stainless steel, with thickness
e.sub.E=0.075 mm.
[0133] Advantageously, the thickness E.sub.E of the lower layer 22
is comprised between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and
2 mm. For example, the lower layer 22 is a flexible layer, made
from silicone elastomer or polyurethane foam, with thickness
E.sub.E=1 mm.
[0134] The diameter D.sub.E of the holes 23 is advantageously
comprised between 0.1 mm and 10 mm, and preferably between 0.5 mm
and 5 mm. The period P.sub.E of the network of holes 23 is
advantageously comprised between 1.5.times.D.sub.E and
10.times.D.sub.E, and preferably between 1.5.times.D.sub.E and
5.times.D.sub.E.
[0135] FIGS. 2A (top view) and 2B (sectional view along line II-II
in FIG. 2A) show a first example plug 100 of the electrical
connector.
[0136] This plug is secured to an electrical conductor, for example
a wire or a power cable (not shown in the FIGURES).
[0137] Examples of such electrical conductors will be described in
reference to FIG. 20.
[0138] The plug 100 comprises a cylindrical part 101, with diameter
D.sub.F and thickness E.sub.F, having an electrical and magnetic
function, and a cylindrical part 102, with diameter d.sub.F and
thickness e.sub.F, forming a protuberance.
[0139] The two cylindrical parts 101 and 102 are centered around
the same axis.
[0140] The part 101 is for example a part made from
aluminum-nickel-cobalt, or samarium-cobalt, or neodyme-iron-boron,
which are magnetized electrically conductive materials.
[0141] The protuberance 102 is for example a metal part.
[0142] FIGS. 2C (top view) and 2D (sectional view along line II-II
in FIG. 2C) show a second example plug 110.
[0143] In place of the part 101, the plug 110 comprises an annular
part 111 having a magnetic function and a cylindrical part 112
having an electrical function, placed in the central recess of the
part 111. The three parts 111, 112 and 102 are centered around a
same axis.
[0144] The part 111 is for example a part made from ferrite, or
aluminum-nickel-cobalt, or samarium-cobalt, or neodyme-iron-boron,
which are magnetized materials. The part 112 is for example a metal
part.
[0145] FIGS. 2E (top view) and 2F (sectional view along line II-II
in FIG. 2E) show a plug 120 that is an alternative of the plug
110.
[0146] In the plug 120, the annular part 121 having a magnetic
function is slightly withdrawn (advantageously by several
millimeters) from the cylindrical part 122 having an electrical
function.
[0147] The outer diameter D.sub.F of the part 101, 111 or 121 is
greater than the D.sub.E. The diameter d.sub.F of the protuberance
102 is smaller than D.sub.E.
[0148] The thickness e.sub.F of the protuberance 102 is
advantageously slightly smaller than the sum e.sub.E+E.sub.E. For
example, e.sub.E=0.075 mm, E.sub.E=1 mm, D.sub.E=1 mm, P.sub.E=4
mm, D.sub.F=6 mm, E.sub.F=1 mm, d.sub.F=0.8 mm, and e.sub.F=0.8
mm.
[0149] FIG. 2B also shows the plug 101 once connected to the base
20, which is partially shown in dotted lines.
[0150] One of the holes 23 accommodates the protuberance 102, which
prevents accidental disconnection due to lateral forces, i.e.,
forces in the plane of the base 20. The upper layer 21 establishes
electrical contact with the part 101. The upper layer 21 and the
part 101 exert an attractive magnetic force on one another.
[0151] The intensity of the magnetic force between the upper layer
21 and the part 101 in particular depends on the nature and
dimensions of the upper layer 21 and the part 101.
[0152] According to the physical laws of magnetism, the intensity
of the magnetic force also depends on the architecture of the plug
100 containing the part 101. For example, by placing the magnetized
part 101 in a cup-shaped ferromagnetic part (not shown in FIG. 2B),
it is possible to concentrate the magnetic flow on the free edges
of the magnetized part 101, which increases the magnetic force.
Advantageously, the intensity of the magnetic force is comprised
between 100 g and 1000 g. Such an intensity range is achievable
with the materials and dimensions previously mentioned, in
particular if the part 101 is made from neodyme-iron-boron.
[0153] FIG. 2D also shows the plug 110 once connected to the base
20.
[0154] The upper layer 21 establishes electrical contact with the
part 112. The upper layer 21 and the part 111 exert an attractive
magnetic force on one another.
[0155] FIG. 2F also shows the plug 120 once connected to the base
20.
[0156] The upper layer 21 establishes electrical contact with the
part 122. The upper layer 21 and the part 121 exert an attractive
magnetic force on one another.
[0157] Given that the part 121 is slightly withdrawn from the part
122, the pressure exerted by the part 122 on the upper layer 21 is
increased, and therefore the electrical contact between the upper
layer 21 and the part 122 is improved. In other words, the
electrical resistance of the contact is decreased.
[0158] In reference now to FIGS. 3 and 4, FIGS. 3A (top view) and
3B (sectional view along line in FIG. 3A) show the base 50 of the
electrical connector.
[0159] The base 50 comprises an upper layer 51 having a mechanical
function, and a lower layer 52 having an electrical and magnetic
function.
[0160] The base 50 comprises a plurality of cylindrical holes 53
traversing only the upper layer 51. The holes 53 here form a
periodic network.
[0161] The upper layer 51 is for example a flexible layer made from
polymer or textile material or made from silicone elastomer or
polyurethane foam, the thickness of which is 1 mm.
[0162] The lower layer 52 is for example a flexible sheet of
magnetic stainless steel, for example AISI 420 magnetic stainless
steel, the thickness of which is 0.075 mm.
[0163] Relative to the first form illustrated in FIG. 1, one
advantage of the second form lies in the fact that the layer of the
base having an electrical function is not the upper layer of the
base. This provides a gain in terms of the safety and reliability
of the device.
[0164] Indeed, the user cannot easily access the parts intended to
be powered on (such as the layer having an electrical function),
which limits the electrical risks (for the user) and the risks of
malfunction (for the device).
[0165] FIGS. 4A (top view) and 4B (sectional view along line IV-IV
in FIG. 4A) show a first example of the plug 400 of the electrical
connector.
[0166] The plug 400 comprises a cylindrical part 401. The plug 400
comprises another cylindrical part 402 forming a protuberance and
performing an electrical and magnetic function.
[0167] The two cylindrical parts 401 and 402 are centered around a
same axis.
[0168] The part 401 is for example a metal part.
[0169] The protuberance 402 is for example a part made from
aluminum-nickel-cobalt, or samarium-cobalt, or neodyme-iron-boron,
which are magnetized electrically conductive materials.
[0170] FIGS. 4C (top view) and 4D (sectional view along line IV-IV
in FIG. 4C) show a second example of a plug 410.
[0171] In place of the protuberance 402, the plug 410 comprises a
protuberance 413 formed from an annular part 411 having a magnetic
function and a central cylindrical part 412 having an electrical
function.
[0172] The three parts 401, 411 and 412 are centered around a same
axis.
[0173] The part 411 is a part for example made from ferrite, or
aluminum-nickel-cobalt, or samarium-cobalt, or neodyme-iron-boron,
which are magnetized materials. The part 412 is for example a part
made from metal.
[0174] FIGS. 4E (top view) and 4F (sectional view along line Iv-Iv
in FIG. 4E) show a plug 420 that is an alternative of the plug
410.
[0175] In the protuberance 423 of the plug 420, the annular part
421 having a magnetic function is slightly withdrawn
(advantageously by several millimeters) from the central
cylindrical part 422 having an electrical function.
[0176] FIG. 4B also shows the plug 400 once connected to the base
50.
[0177] One of the holes 53 receives the protuberance 402, which
prevents accidental disconnection due to lateral forces, i.e.,
forces in the plane of the base 50.
[0178] The lower layer 52 establishes electrical contact with the
protuberance 402.
[0179] The lower layer 52 and the protuberance 402 exert an
attractive magnetic force on one another.
[0180] Advantageously, the height of the protuberance 402 is equal
to or slightly greater than the thickness of the layer 51.
[0181] However, the height of the protuberance 402 can be slightly
smaller than the thickness of the layer 51. In this case, the
compressibility of the layer 51 or the flexibility of the layer 52
make it possible to adapt to the situation to produce electrical
contact.
[0182] In order to improve the electrical contact between the lower
layer 52 and the protuberance 402, and to avoid dirtying of these
parts that may lead to poor electrical contact, the lower layer 52
and the protuberance 402 can have shapes different from those shown
in FIG. 4B.
[0183] In particular, the end of the protuberance 402, i.e., the
part coming into contact with the lower layer 52, is not
necessarily planar, but may have a rounded or pointed shape. In
this case, the exposed zones of the lower layer 52, i.e., the zones
on which the holes 53 emerge, are not necessarily planar, but may
be in the form of a cavity making it possible to receive the
rounded or pointed end of the protuberance 402.
[0184] Another method for improving the electrical contact between
the protuberance 402 and the base 50 consists of metallizing the
inner walls of the holes 53. In this case, the protuberance 402 can
establish electrical contact via its end or via its flanks.
[0185] FIG. 4D also shows the plug 410 once connected to the base
50.
[0186] The lower layer 52 establishes electrical contact with the
part 412.
[0187] The lower layer 52 and the part 411 exert an attractive
magnetic force on one another.
[0188] FIG. 4F also shows the plug 420 once connected to the base
50.
[0189] The lower layer 52 establishes electrical contact with the
part 422.
[0190] The lower layer 52 and the part 421 exert an attractive
magnetic force on one another.
[0191] Given that the part 421 is slightly withdrawn from the part
422, the pressure exerted by the part 422 on the lower layer 52 is
increased, and therefore the electrical contact between the lower
layer 52 and the part 422 is improved. In other words, the
electrical resistance of the contact is decreased.
[0192] In reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, FIGS. 5A (top view) and 5B
(sectional view along line V-V in FIG. 5A) show the base 80 of the
electrical connector.
[0193] The base 80 comprises an upper layer 81 having a magnetic
function, an intermediate layer 84 having a mechanical function,
and a lower layer 82 having an electrical function.
[0194] The base 80 comprises a plurality of cylindrical holes 83
traversing only the upper layer 81 and the intermediate layer 84.
The holes 83 here form of periodic network.
[0195] The upper layer 81 is for example a flexible sheet of
magnetic stainless steel, in particular an AISI 420 magnetic
stainless steel, with a thickness of 0.075 mm.
[0196] The intermediate layer 84 is for example a flexible layer
made from polymer or textile material, or a silicone elastomer or
polyurethane foam, the thickness of which is 1 mm.
[0197] The lower layer 82 is for example a metal-polymer bilayer
(the metal layer being above the polymer layer) or a
copper-polyamide bilayer (with a copper layer having a thickness of
0.035 mm and a polyamide layer with a thickness of 0.045 mm).
[0198] Relative to the first form illustrated in FIG. 1, one
advantage of this third form lies in the fact that the layer of the
base having an electrical function is not the upper layer of the
base, which provides a gain in terms of the safety and reliability
of the device.
[0199] FIGS. 6A (top view) and 6B (sectional view along line VI-VI
in FIG. 6A) show the plug 700 of the electrical connector.
[0200] The plug 700 comprises an annular part 701 forming its base,
having a magnetic function, and a central cylindrical part 702
forming a protuberance 702a, protruding relative to the annular
part 701, and having an electrical function.
[0201] The two parts 701 and 702 are centered around a same
axis.
[0202] The part 701 is for example a ferrite part, or
aluminum-nickel-cobalt or samarium-cobalt or neodyme-iron-boron,
which are magnetized materials.
[0203] The protuberance 702 is for example a metal part.
[0204] FIG. 5B also shows the plug 700 once connected to the base
80.
[0205] One of the holes 83 accommodates the protuberance 702a,
which prevents an accidental disconnection due to lateral forces,
i.e., forces in the plane of the base 80.
[0206] The lower layer 82 establishes electrical contact with the
protuberance 702. The upper layer 81 and the part 701 exert an
attractive magnetic force on one another.
[0207] The height of the protuberance 702a is equal to or slightly
larger than the sum of the thicknesses of the layers 81 and 84.
[0208] In order to improve the electrical contact between the lower
layer 82 and the protuberance 702a, and prevent dirtying of these
parts that may lead to poor electrical contact, the lower layer 82
and the protuberance 702a may have shapes different from those
shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
[0209] In particular, the end of the protuberance 702a, i.e., the
part coming into contact with the lower layer 82, is not
necessarily planar, but may have a rounded or pointed shape.
[0210] In this case, the exposed zones of the lower layer 82, i.e.,
the zones on which the holes 83 emerge, are not necessarily planar,
but can be in the form of a cavity making it possible to receive
the rounded or pointed end of the protuberance 702.
[0211] Another method for improving the electrical contact between
the protuberance 702 and the base 80 consists of analyzing the
inner walls of the holes 83. In this case, the protuberance 702 can
establish electrical contact via its end or via its flanks.
[0212] In all of the forms illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6, the holes
of the base are cylindrical, and the plug has a symmetry of
revolution around an axis perpendicular to the plane of the
base.
[0213] This is advantageous, since in this way, the electrical
connection between the plug and the base can be established for any
orientation of the plug. Of course, the plane of the plug should be
parallel to the plane of the base, which is in particular ensured
by the magnetic forces.
[0214] However, the disclosure is not limited to this form.
[0215] Furthermore, in all of the forms illustrated in FIGS. 1 to
6, the base and the plug include a part performing a magnetic
function.
[0216] However, even in the absence of parts performing a magnetic
function, the connectors described in reference to these FIGURES
make it possible to produce an electrical connection with no visual
inspection.
[0217] FIGS. 7 to 17 show alternative embodiments of the connector
illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 6.
[0218] Thus, FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate a first alternative.
[0219] FIGS. 7A (top view) and 7B (sectional view along line
VII-VII in FIG. 7A) show the plug 1000 of the electrical
connector.
[0220] Relative to the plug 100 illustrated in FIG. 2, the plug
1000 additionally comprises an annular part 1001 forming a
protuberance.
[0221] The three parts 101, 102 and 1001 are centered around a same
axis.
[0222] The plug 1000 retains a symmetry of revolution around an
axis.
[0223] FIGS. 8A (top view) and 8B (sectional view along line
VIII-VIII in FIG. 8A) show the base 1100 of the electrical
connector, modified to adapt to the plug illustrated in FIG. 7.
Thus, relative to the base 20 illustrated in FIG. 1, the base 1100
additionally comprises annular holes 1101.
[0224] Each hole 23 is surrounded by an annular hole 1101, the two
holes being centered around a same axis. The assembly formed by a
cylindrical hole 23 and an annular hole 1101 therefore has a
symmetry of revolution around the same central axis.
[0225] FIG. 8B shows the plug 1000 once connected to the base
1100.
[0226] One of the cylindrical holes 23 receives the protuberance
102, while the corresponding annular hole 1101 receives the
protuberance 1001.
[0227] Relative to the case described in FIG. 2B, the mechanical
strength of the connection with respect to the lateral forces is
improved, since an additional protuberance (the protuberance 1001)
is present.
[0228] Advantageously, the diameter of the protuberance 102 is such
that the protuberance 102 cannot be introduced into an annular hole
1101.
[0229] This first alternative is described in relation to FIGS. 1
and 2, but it also applies to the connector described in relation
to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, 6.
[0230] FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate a second alternative embodiment of
the connector.
[0231] FIG. 9 shows the plug 1300 of the electrical connector.
[0232] Unlike the protuberance 102 of the plug 100 illustrated in
FIG. 2B, the protuberance 1301 of the plug 1300 has a flared shape
close to its base. In other words, the diameter of the protuberance
decreases moving away from the base 101 of the plug. The plug 1300
retains a symmetry of revolution around an axis.
[0233] FIG. 10 shows the base 1302 of the electrical connector.
Unlike the holes 23 of the base 20 illustrated in FIG. 1, the holes
1303 of the base 1302 have a flared shape close to the layer 21 of
the base. In other words, the holes widen near the layer 21. Each
hole 1303 retains a symmetry of revolution around an axis.
[0234] FIG. 10 also shows the plug 1300 once connected to the base
1302. The flared shape of the protuberance 1301 and the holes 1303
facilitates the connection, by guiding the insertion of the
protuberance 1301 into a hole 1303.
[0235] This second alternative is described in relation to FIGS. 1
and 2, but it also applies to the connector described in relation
to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, 6.
[0236] FIGS. 11 and 12 illustrate a third alternative embodiment of
the connector.
[0237] FIG. 11 illustrates the plug 1500 of the electrical
connector.
[0238] Unlike the protuberance 402 of the plug 400 illustrated in
FIG. 4B, the protuberance 1504 of the plug 1500 makes it possible
to transmit not a single electrical signal, but two electrical
signals.
[0239] Indeed, the protuberance of the plug 1500 is made up of a
central cylindrical part 1501 having an electrical and magnetic
function, an annular part 1502 having an electrically insulating
function, and an annular part 1503 having an electrical and
magnetic function. The parts 1501 and 1503, electrically insulated
by the part 1502, can each transmit a different electrical
signal.
[0240] The four parts 401, 1501, 1502 and 1503 are centered around
a same axis. The plug 1500 thus retains a symmetry of revolution
around a same axis.
[0241] FIGS. 12A (top view) and 12B (sectional view along line
XII-XII in FIG. 12A) show the base 1600 of the electrical
connector, modified to adapt to the plug illustrated in FIG.
11.
[0242] Unlike the lower layer 52 of the base 50 illustrated in FIG.
3, the lower layer of the base 1600 makes it possible to transmit
not a single electrical signal, but two electrical signals.
[0243] Indeed, the lower layer of the base 1600 is made up of a
layer 1601 playing an electrical and magnetic role, a layer 1602
having an electrically insulating function, and a layer 1603 having
an electrical and magnetic function. The layers 1601 and 1603,
electrically insulated by the layer 1602, can each transmit a
different electrical signal.
[0244] FIG. 12B also shows the plug 1500, once connected to the
base 1600.
[0245] The layer 1601 establishes electrical contact with the part
1501. Furthermore, the layer 1601 and the part 1501 exert an
attractive magnetic force on one another.
[0246] The layer 1603 establishes electrical contact with the part
1503. Furthermore, the layer 1603 and the part 1503 exert an
attractive magnetic force on one another.
[0247] This third alternative is described in relation to FIGS. 3
and 4, but it also applies to the connector described in reference
to FIGS. 5 and 6.
[0248] FIGS. 13 and 14 illustrate a fourth alternative embodiment
of the connector according to the disclosure.
[0249] FIG. 13 shows the plug 1800 of the electrical connector.
[0250] Relative to the plug 100 illustrated in FIG. 2B, the plug
1800 has a shape widening as it moves away from the base. More
particularly, the plug 1800 illustrated in FIG. 3 comprises a
cylindrical part 1801 fastened to the end of the protuberance 102,
the diameter of the cylindrical part 1801 being larger than that of
the cylindrical part 102. The three parts 101, 102 and 1801 are
centered around a same axis. The plug 1800 therefore retains a
symmetry of revolution around a same axis.
[0251] FIG. 14 shows the base 1802 of the electrical connector,
which is of the type illustrated in FIG. 1. It shows that the upper
21 and lower 22 layers of the base 1802 are modified to adapt to
the plug illustrated in FIG. 13.
[0252] The holes 1803 traversing the upper layer 21 have a
different shape from the holes 1804 traversing the lower layer 22.
Thus, the holes 1803 are formed by a large cylinder and a small
cylinder, while the holes 1804 are simply cylindrical. The holes
1803 and 1804 are aligned, as shown in FIG. 14 (the dotted lines of
this FIGURE indicate the position of the holes 1804 relative to the
holes 1803).
[0253] The diameter of the part 102 is smaller than the diameter of
the small cylinder of the holes 1803, and therefore smaller than
the diameter of the large cylinder of the holes 1803. The diameter
of the part 1801 is larger than the diameter of the small cylinder
of the holes 1803, but smaller than the diameter of the large
cylinder of the holes 1803.
[0254] The protuberance of the plug 1800 is inserted in the base
1802, first passing through the large cylinder of the hole 1803,
then through the underlying hole 1804. After this insertion, the
part 1801 is found in the hole 1804, at the vertical of the large
cylinder of the hole 1803. In this so-called "unlocked" position,
the protuberance of the plug 1800 prevents accidental disconnection
due to lateral forces, but does not oppose any resistance to
vertical forces.
[0255] From the "unlocked" position, the protuberance of the plug
1800 can be moved laterally to the right such the part 1801 remains
of the hole 1804 but is found at the vertical of the small cylinder
of the hole 1803. In this so-called "locked" position, the
protuberance of the plug 1800 prevents an accidental disconnection
due to lateral forces, and moreover opposes resistance to vertical
forces. Indeed, the diameter of the part 1801 is larger than the
diameter of the small cylinder of the hole 1803.
[0256] The electrical connector shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 therefore
makes it possible to strengthen the resistance to an accidental
disconnection, by placing the plug in a "locked" position.
[0257] Other shapes of holes 1803 can be considered to provide a
"locked" mode. For example, the holes 1803 can be formed by a large
cylinder surrounded by a plurality of small cylinders.
[0258] FIGS. 15 and 16 illustrate a fifth alternative embodiment of
a connector including a base of the type illustrated in FIGS. 3 and
5, i.e., including a lower layer 52 or 82 not traversed by
holes.
[0259] FIG. 15A shows the lower curve 1401 of the base according to
the fifth alternative, the sectional view of which along line
XIV-XIV of FIG. 15A is similar to that of the base 50 illustrated
in FIG. 3B or FIG. 5B. Unlike the lower layer 52 of the base 50
illustrated in FIG. 3, the lower layer 1401 of this base is not a
continuous layer, but a layer in grid form: the flexibility of the
lower layer is therefore improved. This grid is made up of
horizontal strips 1401a and vertical strips 1401b. The holes 53
emerge in solid zones of the grid 1401.
[0260] The lower layer of the base can assume other forms, like
those illustrated in FIGS. 15B and 15C.
[0261] Thus, the lower layer 1402 includes as many vertical strips
1402b as the grid 1401 of FIG. 15A, but only two horizontal strips
1402a.
[0262] The lower layer 1403 includes only a single horizontal strip
1403a and as many vertical strips 1403b as the grid 1401.
[0263] The interest of the layers 1402 and 1403 is to further
increase the mechanical flexibility of the lower layer of the
base.
[0264] These embodiments are possible as long as the material
forming the lower layer has a high enough electrical conductivity.
Indeed, in this case, all of the horizontal strips of FIG. 15A are
not necessarily needed to conduct electrical current.
[0265] FIG. 15D shows the lower curve 1912 of the base of the
electrical connector. Unlike the lower layer 82 of the base 80,
illustrated in FIG. 5, the lower layer 1912 of the base illustrated
in FIG. 15D is not a continuous layer, but a layer made up of two
parts 1912A and 1912B that are separate and not electrically
connected.
[0266] FIG. 16 is a sectional view of the base along line XVI-XVI
in FIG. 15D. It illustrates that the holes 83 of the base emerge
over zones comprising both a portion of the part 1912A and a
portion of the part 1912B. In the case of the example illustrated
in FIG. 15D, the two parts 1912A and 1912B form an interdigitated
structure, but other forms and structures can be considered.
[0267] FIG. 16 shows the plug 700 once connected to the base 1910.
The two parts 1912A and 1912B establish electrical contact with the
protuberance 702a. Furthermore, the protuberance 702a makes it
possible to connect the part 1912A electrically to the part
1912B.
[0268] Thus, the base 1910 performs both a connector and switch
function. This is particularly advantageous, as will be explained
in the continuation of the description.
[0269] Furthermore, the fact that the lower layer 1912 is not a
continuous layer may advantageously give the base 1910 greater
flexibility.
[0270] In the example illustrated in FIG. 15D, the lower layer is
made up of two separate parts that are not electrically
connected.
[0271] It is possible to generalize this concept to the case of a
higher number of separate parts that are not electrically
connected: this is for example the case of the lower layer 1916,
illustrated in FIG. 15E, intended for another base, the sectional
view of which along line XV-XV of FIG. 15E is similar to that of
the base 1910 illustrated in FIG. 16.
[0272] This base can make it possible to detect the hole 83 in
which the protuberance 702a is connected. This may for example be
obtained by electronic impedance measuring means.
[0273] This is advantageous in particular for safety reasons.
Control electronics can then act such that the electrical power is
oriented only toward the hole 83 in which the protuberance 702a is
connected, and not in the other holes of the base 1915.
[0274] FIG. 17A and FIG. 17B (sectional view along line XVII-XVII
of FIG. 17A) show a sixth alternative embodiment of the base
illustrated in FIG. 5.
[0275] Unlike the upper layer 81 of the base 80, the upper layer
1921 of the base 1920 is not a continuous layer. The flexibility of
the upper layer is therefore improved.
[0276] In the case of the example illustrated in FIG. 17, the upper
layer 1921 is formed by a plurality of rings not mechanically
connected, but other shapes and structures can be considered (for
example, a plurality of rings connected to one another by
strips).
[0277] FIG. 17B also shows the plug 700 once connected to the base
1920.
[0278] In an alternative embodiment not illustrated in the FIGURES,
the protuberances of the plugs perform an elastic function. They
may thus be spring-mounted ("pogo pins") or mounted on an elastomer
material acting as a spring. Alternatively, the protuberances of
the plugs can be made entirely from an electrically conductive
elastomeric material, for example an elastomeric material filled
with metal elements. This may allow a better electrical contact to
be established.
[0279] FIGS. 18 and 19 diagrammatically show how the electrical
connector according to the disclosure can be used in
electrostimulation devices:
[0280] a self-adhesive cutaneous electrode 1900, which comprises a
base 1901 according to the third embodiment of the disclosure (FIG.
5B),
[0281] a patch 2000 generating impulses, which comprises a base
2001 according to the fifth alternative embodiment (FIG. 16).
[0282] Electrical connectors according to other embodiments of the
disclosure can also be used in such electrostimulation devices.
[0283] FIG. 18 shows that the cutaneous electrode 1900 comprises an
electrically conductive substrate 1902, for example a polymer
filled with carbon black or metallic elements, or a conductive
textile material, and hydrogel layers 1903, intended to establish
electrical contact with the user's skin.
[0284] The cutaneous electrode 1900 comprises, on its upper face, a
base 1901 according to the third embodiment of the disclosure. The
base 1901 makes it possible to connect the cutaneous electrode 1900
to an electrical wire comprising a plug.
[0285] FIG. 19A shows that the patch 2000 comprises a main part
2002 that in particular contains electronic components and a power
source.
[0286] It comprises, on its lower face, layers of hydrogel 2003,
intended to establish electrical contact with the user's skin, and,
on its upper face, a base 2001 according to the fifth alternative
of the disclosure.
[0287] The base 2001 makes it possible to connect the patch 2000 to
an electrical wire comprising a plug.
[0288] It may also act as an upper encapsulating layer for the
patch 2000.
[0289] The base 2001 comprises an upper layer 2004 playing a
magnetic role, an intermediate layer 2007 playing a mechanical
role, and a lower layer 2005 playing an electrical role.
[0290] The lower layer 2005 is made up of two parts 2005A and
2005B, which are separate and not electrically connected. Holes
2006 emerge on zones comprising both a portion of the part 2005A
and a portion of the part 2005B.
[0291] FIG. 19B is an electrical diagram of the patch 2000.
[0292] The part 2005A is connected to the negative pole of a power
source 2008. The part 2005B is connected to the ground (GND) of the
electronic circuits 2009 and 2010. The positive pole of the power
source 2008 is connected to the power supplies (V.sub.BAT) of the
electronic circuits 2009 and 2010. The output (V.sub.STIM) of the
electronic circuit 2010 is connected to the hydrogel layers
2003.
[0293] The electronic circuit 2010 serves to generate
electrostimulation pulses.
[0294] The electronic circuit 2009 may have several roles, in
particular:
[0295] warning the user when the patch 2000 is turned on, for
example through a visual or audio signal,
[0296] a communicating with the user, for example by radio waves,
i.e., sending information to the user or receiving information from
the user,
[0297] steering the electronic circuit 2010, i.e., ordering the
start or stop of a certain electrostimulation program,
characterized in particular by the amplitude, frequency and
duration of the pulses.
[0298] During the use of the patch 2000, two cases may arise:
[0299] No plug is connected to the base 2001 of the patch 2000.
[0300] In this case, the switch formed by the two parts 2005A and
2005B is in an open state. Indeed, the two parts 2005A and 2005B
are not electrically connected. The electronic circuits 2009 and
2010 are therefore not powered by the power source 2008. In other
words, the patch 2000 is turned off and does not consume
energy.
[0301] A plug is connected to the base 2001 of the patch 2000.
[0302] In this case, the switch formed by the two parts 2005A and
2005B is in a closed state. Indeed, the protuberance of the plug,
which is inserted in a hole 2006, allows the electrical connection
of the part 2005A to the part 2005B. The electronic circuits 2009
and 2010 are therefore powered by the power source 2008. In other
words, the patch 2000 is powered on and consumes energy coming from
the source 2008.
[0303] In this case, as mentioned above, the electronic circuit
2009 can:
[0304] warn the user that the patch 2000 is powered on,
[0305] transmit information to the user or be ready to receive
information from the user,
[0306] steer the electronic circuit 2010.
[0307] Thus, in the first case (switch open, patch off), no
electrostimulation current circulates in the user's body.
[0308] However, in the second case (switch closed, patch powered
on), an electrostimulation current does not necessarily circulate
in the user's body. Indeed, in order for an electrostimulation
current to circulate in the user's body, it is necessary on the one
hand for the electrical electrostimulation path to be established,
as described later, and on the other hand for the electronic
circuit 2009 to authorize the electronic circuit 2010 to start an
electrostimulation program.
[0309] The advantage of the base 2001 according to the fifth
alternative of the disclosure is to perform both a connector and
switch function. This makes it possible not to have to integrate a
conventional switch into the patch 2000. This is interesting in
particular if one wishes for the patch 2000 to remain a thin and
flexible object.
[0310] FIG. 20A shows a user (seen from behind) wearing the
self-adhesive cutaneous electrode 1900 and the patch 2000 on the
lower back.
[0311] The self-adhesive cutaneous electrode 1900 is connected to
the user's skin via the hydrogel layers 1903.
[0312] The output (V.sub.STIM) of the electronic circuit 2010 of
the patch 2000 is connected to the user's skin via the hydrogel
layers 2003.
[0313] FIG. 20A shows that the self-adhesive cutaneous electrode
1900 and patch 2000 are interconnected via an elastic band
2100.
[0314] This band 2100 is illustrated in top view in FIG. 20B.
[0315] It comprises an electrically conductive track 2103,
interconnecting two plugs 2101 and 2102, which are intended to be
connected to the bases 1901 and 2001.
[0316] The track 2103 is for example a metal/polymer bilayer,
fastened on the elastic band 2100. The track 2103 can have a
serpentine shape, as for example described in FIG. 3 of the
document [R. Carta et al., Design and implementation of advanced
systems in a flexible-stretchable technology for biomedical
applications, Sensors and Actuators A 156 (2009) 79-87]. In this
way, the elastic band 2100 can be stretched without risk of
damaging the track 2103.
[0317] The plug 2101 on the elastic band 2100 is connected to the
base 1901 of the cutaneous electrode 1900. The plug 2102 on the
elastic band 2100 is connected to the base 2001 of the patch
2000.
[0318] Thus, the negative pole of the energy source 2008 is
connected to the user's skin via the hydrogel layers 1903. In this
way, an electrical electrostimulation path is established: an
electrical current can circulate in the user's body between the
hydrogel layers 2003 (which are at the electrical potential
V.sub.STIM) and the hydrogel layers 1903 (which are at the
electrical potential of the negative pole of the power source
2008).
[0319] The advantages of electrical connector according to the
disclosure used in the cutaneous electrode 1900 and the patch 2000
are as follows:
[0320] the bases 1901 and 2001 can be thin or even flexible, which
is comfortable for the user;
[0321] the connection between the cutaneous electrode 1900 and the
patch 2000, via the bases 1901 and 2001 and the plugs 2101 and
2102, can be done quickly without exerting pressure on the user's
skin and without visual inspection;
[0322] the base 1901, 2001, respectively, has a large number of
potential connection zones (the holes of the base), these
connection zones covering a large portion of the upper surface of
the cutaneous electrode 1900 (of the patch 2000, respectively).
Thus, for a given length of elastic band 2100, the user is offered
great freedom over the distance separating the cutaneous electrode
1900 from the patch 2000. Furthermore, the user can easily connect
the elastic band 2100 such that it is not to stretched (in which
case the risk of accidental disconnection would be increased, and
the elastic band 2100 would be a source of bother since it would
compress the user's body), or too slack (in this case, the elastic
band 2100 would be a source of bother because it would
"dangle").
[0323] The elastic band 2100 can comprise a first tongue allowing
the user to disconnect the plug 2101 from the base 1901 easily, and
a second tongue allowing the user to disconnect the plug 2102 from
the base 2001 easily.
[0324] Lastly, the elastic band 2100 can be integrated into a piece
of clothing.
[0325] FIGS. 21 to 26 illustrate several forms of a connector
according to the disclosure including a male base and a female plug
including a cavity.
[0326] The base comprises a stack of layers, advantageously thin or
even flexible, and a plurality of protuberances.
[0327] Thus, FIGS. 21 and 22 illustrate a first embodiment of such
a connector, in which the base comprises:
[0328] a plurality of protuberances,
[0329] an intermediate layer having an electrical and magnetic
function, on which the protuberances are made,
[0330] a lower layer having a mechanical function.
[0331] One alternative of this first form consists of the
intermediate layer being eliminated, the lower layer also
performing an electrical function and a potential magnetic
function.
[0332] FIGS. 23 and 24 illustrate a second form of such a
connector, in which the base comprises:
[0333] a plurality of protuberances having an electrical and
magnetic function, a lower layer having a mechanical function, on
which the protuberances are formed.
[0334] FIGS. 25 and 26 illustrate a third embodiment of such a
connector, in which the base comprises:
[0335] a plurality of protuberances having a magnetic function,
[0336] an intermediate layer having an electrical function, on
which the protuberances are formed,
[0337] a lower layer having a mechanical function.
[0338] One alternative of this third form (not illustrated in the
FIGURES) consists of the protuberances performing an electrical
function and the intermediate layer performing a magnetic
function.
[0339] In each of these forms:
[0340] The base comprises either protuberances having an electrical
function, or a layer having an electrical function. The elements of
the base having an electrical function (protuberance or layer) are
intended to establish electrical contact with the part of the plug
having an electrical function.
[0341] The elements of the base having an electrical function are
formed from an electrically conductive material.
[0342] If the base comprises a layer having an electrical function,
this layer is preferably thin, or even flexible.
[0343] The base comprises either protuberances having a magnetic
function, or a layer having a magnetic function. The elements of
the base having a magnetic function (protuberance or layer) and the
part of the plug having a magnetic function are intended to exert
an attractive magnetic force on one another.
[0344] The elements of the base having a magnetic function are
formed from a ferromagnetic material or a magnetized material.
[0345] If the base comprises a layer having a magnetic function,
this layer is preferably thin, or even flexible.
[0346] The layer of the base having a mechanical function serves as
a support for a plurality of protuberances. It is preferably thin,
or even flexible.
[0347] Any one of the protuberances is intended to be inserted in
the cavity of the plug and to thereby prevent accidental
disconnection due to lateral forces, i.e., forces in the plane of
the base.
[0348] The height of the protuberances is great enough for them to
perform their lateral maintaining function of the plug.
Advantageously, the height of the protuberances is comprised
between 0.1 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.
[0349] The surface density of protuberances on the base is high
enough to allow a quick connection with no visual inspection.
[0350] This is facilitated by the action of the magnetic forces.
However, this density of protuberances makes it possible to obtain
a connection with no visual inspection, even in the absence of
parts performing a magnetic function inside the connector.
[0351] However, in the presence of parts performing a magnetic
function, one can see that a small lateral movement of the plug
near the surface of the base suffices for the magnetic forces to
begin their action and assemble the two parts of the connector,
causing the insertion of one of the protuberances of the base into
the cavity of the plug.
[0352] In other words, the high surface density of potential
connection zones (the protuberances of the base), combined with the
action of the magnetic forces, facilitates a quick connection with
no visual inspection.
[0353] Advantageously, the diameter of the protuberances
(considering cylindrical protuberances) is comprised between 0.1 mm
and 10 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 5 mm.
[0354] Advantageously, the center-to-center distance between two
adjacent protuberances is comprised between 1.5 times the diameter
and 10 times the diameter, preferably between 1.5 times the
diameter and 5 times the diameter.
[0355] Advantageously, the protuberances of the base are
distributed uniformly over the surface of the base.
[0356] If the base is intended for a device worn in the form of a
patch, the sum of the surfaces occupied by the protuberances
advantageously corresponds to more than 1% of the total surface of
the patch, and preferably more than 5% of the total surface of the
patch.
[0357] Furthermore, in all of these forms, the plug comprises:
[0358] a cavity,
[0359] a part having an electrical function (i.e., a part made from
an electrically conductive material),
[0360] a part having a magnetic function (i.e., a part made from a
ferromagnetic material or a magnetized material).
[0361] A same part in the plug can perform both an electrical and
magnetic function.
[0362] In reference first to FIGS. 21 and 22, FIGS. 21A (top view)
and 21B (sectional view along line XXI-XXI in FIG. 21A) show the
base 2300 of the electrical connector.
[0363] The base 2300 comprises a plurality of protuberances 2301
(here forming a periodic network), an intermediate layer 2302
having an electrical and magnetic function, and a lower layer 2303
having a mechanical function.
[0364] The protuberances 2301 are for example made from metal. The
intermediate layer 2302 is for example a flexible sheet of magnetic
stainless steel. The lower layer 2303 is for example a flexible
layer of polymer or a textile material.
[0365] FIGS. 22A (top view) and 22B (sectional view along line
XXII-XXII in FIG. 22A) show the plug 2200 of the electrical
connector.
[0366] The plug 2200 comprises a cylindrical part 2201 having an
electrical and magnetic function defining a cavity 2203 that is
closed by a cylindrical part 2202 forming the base of the plug.
[0367] The two cylindrical part 2201 and 2202 are centered around a
same axis.
[0368] The part 2201 is for example a part made from
aluminum-nickel-cobalt, or samarium-cobalt, or neodyme-iron-boron,
which are magnetized electrically conductive materials. The part
2202 is for example a metal part.
[0369] FIG. 21B also shows the plug 2200 once connected to the base
2300.
[0370] One of the protuberances 2301 is inserted into the cavity
2203, which prevents accidental disconnection due to lateral
forces, i.e., forces in the plane of the base 2300.
[0371] The intermediate layer 2302 establishes electrical contact
with the part 2201. The intermediate layer 2302 and the part 2201
exert an attractive magnetic force on one another.
[0372] In reference now to FIGS. 23 and 24, FIGS. 23A (top view)
and 23B (sectional view along line XXIII-XXIII in FIG. 23A) show
the base 26 of the electrical connector.
[0373] The base 2600 comprises a plurality of protuberances 2601
(here forming a periodic network) having an electrical and magnetic
function, and a lower layer 2602 having a mechanical function.
[0374] The protuberances 2601 are for example made from magnetic
stainless steel. The lower layer 2602 is for example a flexible
layer of polymer or textile material.
[0375] FIGS. 24A (top view) and 24B (sectional view along line
XXIV-XXIV in FIG. 24A) show the plug 2500 of the electrical
connector.
[0376] The plug 2500 comprises a cylindrical part 2501 and a
cylindrical part 2502 forming the base of the plug and having an
electrical and magnetic function.
[0377] The part 2502 forms, with the part 2501, a cavity 2503. The
two cylindrical part 2501 and 2502 are centered around a same
axis.
[0378] The part 2501 is for example a part made from metal. The
part 2502 is for example a part made from aluminum-nickel-cobalt,
or samarium-cobalt, or neodyme-iron-boron, which are magnetized
electrically conductive materials.
[0379] FIG. 23B also shows the plug 2500 once connected to the base
2600.
[0380] One of the protuberances 2601 is inserted into the cavity
2503, which prevents accidental disconnection due to lateral
forces, i.e., forces in the plane of the base 2600.
[0381] The protuberance 2601 establishes electrical contact with
the part 2502. The protuberance 2601 and the part 2502 exert an
attractive magnetic force on one another.
[0382] In reference lastly to FIGS. 25 and 26, FIGS. 25A (top view)
and 25B (sectional view along line XXV-XXV in FIG. 25A) show the
base 2900 of the electrical connector.
[0383] The base 2900 comprises a plurality of protuberances 2901
(here forming a periodic network) having a magnetic function, an
intermediate layer 2902 having an electrical function, and a lower
layer 2903 having a mechanical function.
[0384] The protuberances 2901 are for example made from magnetic
stainless steel. The intermediate layer 2902 is for example a
flexible copper sheet. The lower layer 2903 is for example a
flexible layer made from a polymer or textile material.
[0385] FIGS. 26A (top view) and 26B (sectional view along line
XXVI-XXVI in FIG. 26A) show the plug 2800 of the electrical
connector.
[0386] The plug 2800 comprises a cylindrical part 2801 having an
electrical function, and another cylindrical part 2802 forming the
base of the plug and having a magnetic function. The part 2802
forms, with the part 2801, a cavity 2803. The two cylindrical parts
2801 and 2802 are centered around a same axis.
[0387] The part 2801 is for example a metal part. The part 2802 is
for example a part made from ferrite, or aluminum-nickel-cobalt, or
samarium-cobalt, or neodyme-iron-boron, which are magnetized
materials.
[0388] FIG. 25B also shows the plug 2800 once connected to the base
2900. One of the protuberances 2901 is inserted into the cavity
2803, which prevents accidental disconnection due to lateral
forces, i.e., forces in the plane of the base 2900. The
intermediate layer 2902 establishes electrical contact with the
part 2801. The protuberance 2901 and the part 2802 exert an
attractive magnetic force on one another.
[0389] Throughout the preceding description, the connector
according to the disclosure includes a plug. However, the
disclosure is not limited to this embodiment. The connector could
include several plugs intended to be connected in the same base.
The number of plugs will, however, be strictly lower than the
number of connecting means provided in the base.
[0390] The reference signs inserted after the technical features
appearing in the claims are intended solely to facilitate the
understanding of the latter and cannot limit the scope thereof.
[0391] The principles, representative embodiments, and modes of
operation of the present disclosure have been described in the
foregoing description. However, aspects of the present disclosure
which are intended to be protected are not to be construed as
limited to the particular embodiments disclosed. Further, the
embodiments described herein are to be regarded as illustrative
rather than restrictive. It will be appreciated that variations and
changes may be made by others, and equivalents employed, without
departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. Accordingly,
it is expressly intended that all such variations, changes, and
equivalents fall within the spirit and scope of the present
disclosure, as claimed.
* * * * *