U.S. patent application number 16/300948 was filed with the patent office on 2019-05-09 for apparatus and method.
The applicant listed for this patent is Castrol Limited. Invention is credited to Rana Ali, Michael Baker, Peter Brett, Gordon Lamb, Marc Payne, John Williams.
Application Number | 20190136727 16/300948 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 60266880 |
Filed Date | 2019-05-09 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20190136727 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Lamb; Gordon ; et
al. |
May 9, 2019 |
Apparatus and Method
Abstract
An apparatus configured to control fluid distribution between at
least one fluid circulation system (2) associated with equipment
(3) and at least two replaceable fluid containers (4), the
apparatus having: a fluid path (5) configured to couple to at least
one fluid port (6) of the fluid circulation system (2), and to at
least one fluid port (7) of each of the replaceable fluid
containers (4), the fluid path (5) having at least one valve (8)
between the fluid circulation system (2) and at least one
replaceable fluid container (4); and a control apparatus (9)
configured to control the at least one valve (8) to control the
flow of fluid between the fluid circulation system (2) and the at
least two replaceable fluid containers (4).
Inventors: |
Lamb; Gordon; (Shanghai,
CN) ; Ali; Rana; (Pangbourne, Reading, GB) ;
Brett; Peter; (Reading, Berkshire, GB) ; Baker;
Michael; (Pangbourne, Reading, GB) ; Payne; Marc;
(Pangbourne, Reading, GB) ; Williams; John;
(Pangbourne, Reading, GB) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Castrol Limited |
Pangboume, Reading |
|
GB |
|
|
Family ID: |
60266880 |
Appl. No.: |
16/300948 |
Filed: |
May 13, 2016 |
PCT Filed: |
May 13, 2016 |
PCT NO: |
PCT/CN2016/082000 |
371 Date: |
November 12, 2018 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F01M 2011/0483 20130101;
F16H 57/045 20130101; F01M 11/04 20130101; F16N 19/00 20130101;
G05D 11/132 20130101; F16N 37/00 20130101; F03D 15/00 20160501;
F03D 80/70 20160501; F01M 11/0458 20130101; F16H 57/0408
20130101 |
International
Class: |
F01M 11/04 20060101
F01M011/04 |
Claims
1. Control apparatus configured to control fluid distribution
between at least one fluid circulation system associated with
equipment and at least two independently replaceable fluid
containers, the apparatus comprising: a fluid path configured to
couple at least one fluid port of the fluid circulation system to
at least one fluid port of each of the replaceable fluid
containers, the fluid path comprising at least one valve between
the fluid circulation system and at least one replaceable fluid
container; and a control apparatus configured to control the at
least one valve to control the flow of fluid between the fluid
circulation system and the at least two replaceable fluid
containers.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fluid path is configured
to couple at least one of: a fluid inlet port of at least one
replaceable fluid container to a fluid scavenging port of the fluid
circulation system; a fluid outlet port of at least one replaceable
fluid container to a fluid supply port of the fluid circulation
system, or at least one vent port of at least one replaceable fluid
container to a vent port of the fluid circulation system.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the fluid path comprises
at least one of: a valve between the fluid outlet port of at least
one replaceable fluid container and the fluid supply port of the
fluid circulation system; a valve between the vent port of at least
one replaceable fluid container and the vent port of the fluid
circulation system, or at least one pump configured to cause the
fluid to flow in the fluid path.
4. Fluid change system comprising: at least two independently
replaceable fluid containers; a fluid circulation system; and a
control apparatus configured to control fluid distribution between
the fluid circulation system and the at least two independently
replaceable fluid containers; wherein the fluid distribution is
uninterrupted in the absence of one of the independently
replaceable fluid containers.
5. Fluid change system of claim 4, wherein the fluid is a
lubricant.
6. (canceled)
7. Method of maintaining the operation of equipment, the apparatus
having a fluid circulation system associated therewith and
requiring fluid to circulate in the fluid circulation system to
operate, the method comprising: Selecting a first independently
replaceable fluid container from at least two independently
replaceable fluid containers; Opening a fluid path between the
first independently replaceable fluid container and the fluid
circulation system; Selecting a second independently replaceable
fluid container from at least two independently replaceable fluid
containers; Opening a fluid path between the second independently
replaceable fluid container and the fluid circulation system;
Determining that the first replaceable fluid container can be
removed from the apparatus; and Using the second independently
replaceable fluid container to maintain the operation of the
equipment during the removal of the first independently replaceable
fluid container.
8. Method of claim 7, wherein electing a first independently
replaceable fluid container from at least two independently
replaceable fluid containers comprises: Analysing the condition of
a fluid present in a fluid circulation system of the apparatus;
Using the condition, determining a fluid attribute requirement to
enable the continuing operation of the equipment; Determining
whether a first fluid contained in a first replaceable fluid
container meets the fluid attribute requirement; Determining
whether second fluid contained in a second replaceable fluid
container meets the fluid attribute requirement; and Based on the
determination, selecting either the first or the second fluid to
supplement the fluid present in the circulation system.
9. Method of claim 7, further comprising: controlling at least one
valve to enable circulation of fluid between the at least one
independently replaceable fluid containers and the fluid
circulation system.
10. Method of claim 9, further comprising: Controlling the return
of fluid from the fluid circulation system to at least one of the
independently replaceable fluid containers; and Controlling the at
least one valve to selectively inhibit a fluid to flow between the
fluid circulation system and one or more independently replaceable
fluid containers.
11. Method of claim 7, wherein determining that the first
replaceable fluid container can be removed from the apparatus
further comprises: Calculating an expected duration of use of the
one or more independently replaceable fluid containers based on the
performance of the independently replaceable fluid container; or
Calculating an expected duration of use of the one or more
independently replaceable fluid containers based on the performance
of the equipment.
12. A computer program stored on a non-transitory medium, which
when run on a processor causes the processor to carry out the steps
of claim 7.
13. Use of the apparatus of claim 1 in: A vehicle, a motorcycle, a
passenger car, a van, a truck, a coach, a heavy duty vehicle, an
earthmoving vehicle, a mining vehicle, an off-highway vehicle, a
yacht, a motor boat, a pleasure craft, a jet-ski, a fishing vessel,
an airborne vessel; an industrial machine; a motor, an engine, a
drivetrain, a gearbox; or a reverse engine, a generator or a wind
turbine.
14. Use of the system of any of claim 4 in: A vehicle, a
motorcycle, a passenger car, a van, a truck, a coach, a heavy duty
vehicle, an earthmoving vehicle, a mining vehicle, an off-highway
vehicle, a yacht, a motor boat, a pleasure craft, a jet-ski, a
fishing vessel, an airborne vessel; an industrial machine; a motor,
an engine, a drivetrain, a gearbox; or a reverse engine, a
generator or a wind turbine.
15. Use of the method of claim 7 in: A vehicle, a motorcycle, a
passenger car, a van, a truck, a coach, a heavy duty vehicle, an
earthmoving vehicle, a mining vehicle, an off-highway vehicle, a
yacht, a motor boat, a pleasure craft, a jet-ski, a fishing vessel,
an airborne vessel; an industrial machine; a motor, an engine, a
drivetrain, a gearbox; or a reverse engine, a generator or a wind
turbine.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] This invention relates to apparatus configured to control
fluid distribution between at least one fluid circulation system,
associated with equipment, and at least two replaceable fluid
containers. This invention also relates to an associated system
comprising such an apparatus. This invention also relates to a
method for controlling fluid distribution between at least one
fluid circulation system associated with equipment and at least two
replaceable fluid containers.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] Many vehicle engines use one or more fluids for their
operation. Such fluids are often liquids. For example, internal
combustion engines use liquid lubricant. Also, electric engines use
fluids which can provide heat exchange functionality, for example
to cool the engine and/or to heat the engine, and/or to cool and
heat the engine during different operating conditions. The heat
exchange functionality of the fluids may be provided in addition to
other functions (such as a primary function) which may include for
example charge conduction and/or electrical connectivity. Such
fluids are generally held in reservoirs associated with the engine
and may require periodic replacement.
[0003] Such fluids often are consumed during operation of the
engine. The properties of such fluids may also degrade with time so
that their performance deteriorates, resulting in a need for
replacement with fresh fluid. Such replacement may be an involved
and time-consuming process. For example, replacement of engine
lubricant in a vehicle engine usually involves draining the
lubricant from the engine sump. The process may also involve
removing and replacing the engine oil filter. Such a procedure
usually requires access to the engine sump drain plug and oil
filter from the underside of the engine, may require the use of
hand tools and usually requires a suitable collection method for
the drained lubricant.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] Aspects and examples of the present disclosure are directed
to control apparatus configured to control fluid distribution
between at least one fluid circulation system associated with
equipment and at least two independently replaceable fluid
containers. The apparatus comprises a fluid path configured to
couple at least one fluid port of the fluid circulation system to
at least one fluid port of each of the replaceable fluid
containers, the fluid path comprising at least one valve between
the fluid circulation system and at least one replaceable fluid
container. The apparatus also comprises a control apparatus
configured to control the at least one valve to control the flow of
fluid between the fluid circulation system and the at least two
replaceable fluid containers.
[0005] Other aspects and examples of the present disclosure are
directed to a fluid change system. Other aspects and examples of
the present disclosure are directed to a method of maintaining the
operation of equipment. Other aspects and examples of the present
disclosure are directed to uses of the apparatus, system and method
of any aspects of the present disclosure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0006] Embodiments will now be described, by way of example only,
with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0007] FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a first example
apparatus for equipment, coupled to two replaceable fluid
containers;
[0008] FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a second example
apparatus for equipment, coupled to two replaceable fluid
containers;
[0009] FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a third example
apparatus for equipment, coupled to three replaceable fluid
containers;
[0010] FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a fourth example
apparatus for equipment, coupled to three replaceable fluid
containers;
[0011] FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a fifth example for
equipment, coupled to n replaceable fluid containers;
[0012] FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of details of
conditions of valves of two replaceable fluid containers of the
example apparatus of FIG. 5;
[0013] FIG. 7 shows a flow chart illustrating an example of
processes involved in a method of controlling fluid distribution
between at least one fluid circulation system associated with
equipment and at least two replaceable fluid systems;
[0014] FIG. 8 shows a flow chart illustrating an example of
processes involved in a method of maintaining the operation of
equipment; and
[0015] FIG. 9 shows a flow chart illustrating an example of
processes involved in a method of controlling fluid distribution,
the method comprising selecting between containers.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide, as shown for
example in FIGS. 1 to 6, apparatus 1 configured to control fluid
distribution between at least one fluid circulation system 2
associated with equipment 3 and at least two replaceable fluid
containers 4.
[0017] As explained in greater detail below, the equipment 3 may
comprise at least a part of one or more of: a vehicle, a
motorcycle, a passenger car, a van, a truck, a coach, a heavy duty
vehicle, an earthmoving vehicle, a mining vehicle, an off-highway
vehicle, a yacht, a motor boat, a pleasure craft, a jet-ski, a
fishing vessel and an airborne vessel. Alternatively or
additionally, in some examples the equipment 3 may comprise at
least a part of an industrial machine. Alternatively or
additionally, in some examples the equipment 3 may comprise at
least a part of one or more of a motor, an engine, a drivetrain,
and a gearbox. Alternatively or additionally, in some examples the
equipment 3 may comprise at least a part of one or more of a
reverse engine, a generator or a wind turbine. Non-limiting
examples of airborne vessels include an airship or a winged
aircraft. In some examples, the fluid circulation system 2 may
comprise an engine, for example comprising a sump 23 (as shown for
example in FIGS. 5 and 6). As described in greater detail below, in
some examples the fluid circulation system 2 may comprise a fluid
pumping function in order to circulate the fluid in the fluid
circulation system 2. The fluid pumping function may comprise a
pump, which can be mechanical or electrical.
[0018] The apparatus 1 comprises a fluid path 5 (for example
including a manifold unit) configured to couple to at least one
fluid port 6 of the fluid circulation system 2, and to at least one
fluid port 7 of each of the replaceable fluid containers 4.
[0019] In some examples, as described in greater detail below, the
fluid path 5 may be configured to couple the at least one fluid
port 6 of the fluid circulation system 2 to the at least one fluid
port 7 of each of the replaceable fluid containers 4.
[0020] In the examples of FIGS. 1 and 2, the fluid path 5 is
coupled to the fluid ports 7 of two replaceable fluid containers 4.
In the examples of FIGS. 3 and 4, the fluid path 5 is coupled to
the fluid ports 7 of for example three replaceable fluid containers
4, and in the example of FIG. 5, the fluid path 5 is coupled to the
fluid ports 7 of n replaceable fluid containers 4, with n being an
integer equal to or greater than two. For example the fluid path 5
may be coupled to four, five or more replaceable fluid containers
as non-limiting examples. The number of replaceable fluid
containers may depend on, for example, equipment fill volume,
service protocol and packaging within the equipment.
[0021] The fluid path 5 comprises at least one valve 8 between the
fluid circulation system 2 and at least one replaceable fluid
container 4. The valve 8 is only shown schematically in FIG. 5, and
shown in more detail in FIG. 6.
[0022] In the present disclosure, "valve" means any device suitable
for controlling the passage of fluid through the fluid path 5.
Non-limiting examples of valves include check valves, ball valves,
butterfly valves, clapper valves, choke valves, diaphragm valves,
solenoid valves, valve sequencers, multiway valves, and other
suitable valves and similar devices.
[0023] In the examples of FIGS. 1 to 6, the valve 8 is configured
to be actuated between at least two conditions, and is configured
to enable circulation of fluid between the port 6 and the port 7 in
the fluid path 5 in an open condition, and, in a closed condition,
block the fluid path 5. Alternatively or additionally, in some
examples, the valve 8 may act as a flow restrictor and/or a
throttle. In such examples the valve may have a plurality of
intermediate conditions between the closed or open conditions. When
the valve 8 may act as a flow restrictor and/or a throttle, the
valve may enable control the fluid flow on the fluid path 5. As
described in greater detail below, in some examples, the apparatus
1 may comprise a plurality of valves 8, which may be located in the
fluid path 5.
[0024] In the examples illustrated by FIGS. 1 to 6, the apparatus 1
also comprises a control apparatus 9 configured to control the at
least one valve 8 to control the flow of fluid between the fluid
circulation system 2 and the at least two replaceable fluid
containers 4. In some examples the valve 8 may be actuated from the
open condition to the closed condition (or vice versa) by the
control apparatus 9 directly, by an actuator controlled by the
control apparatus 9 of a combination of both. For example the
control apparatus 9 may control the actuator mechanically and/or
electrically.
[0025] Further details of the control apparatus 9 will be discussed
nearer the end of the present disclosure.
[0026] As described in greater detail below, the control apparatus
9 may be configured to control the flow of fluid between the fluid
circulation system 2 and the at least two replaceable fluid
containers 4. This enables a user to plan fluid changes and avoid
undesired stoppage of the equipment. The fluid change may be based
on active prognostic, diagnostic or pre-emptive servicing. In some
examples, the control apparatus 9 may be configured to control the
flow of fluid and fluid distribution to avoid the need for
maintenance or maintenance intervals determined solely by the fluid
requirements of the equipment. In the context of the present
disclosure, in normal operation the equipment runs normally,
including being turned on and off as desired, with excessive
downtime for maintenance being avoided. In addition the time taken
to replace a replaceable fluid container is much less than that
associated with complete fluid drainage and replacement. Rather
than draining a large volume of fluid or replacing a large volume
of fluid in a single container, smaller containers providing a
portion of the total fluid requirements are replaced and used.
Frequency and/or reliance on workshop-based servicing for
maintenance of the equipment may be reduced or in some cases,
removed, increasing the operational time of the equipment. This is
advantageous for large equipment, and when regular service access
is difficult and/or hazardous, for example. Maintenance for other
non-fluid equipment parameters may also be optimized and overall
operating cost and downtime of the equipment may be reduced.
Environmentally safe servicing may be planned, with suitable
preparations made to recycle the fluid containers and their fluid.
In some examples, the control apparatus 9 may be configured to
control the flow of fluid and fluid distribution so that the
equipment remains in active operation during equipment maintenance.
For example in the context of the present disclosure active
operation encompasses continuous operation of the equipment that is
to say that the equipment is running without being turned on and
off. In some examples, the control apparatus 9 may be configured to
control the flow of fluid between the fluid circulation system 2
and the at least two replaceable fluid containers 4 enabling one or
more fluid containers 4 to be replaced whilst one or more other
replaceable fluid containers 4 enable active operation of the
equipment.
[0027] In the present disclosure, and as explained in further
detail below, "replaceable" means that the container can be removed
from the apparatus or equipment in a non-destructive manner. A
container can be re-coupled to the apparatus or equipment, for
example re-inserted and/or re-seated and/or re-docked in the
apparatus or equipment, in a non-destructive manner. The
replaceable container may also be refillable, can be supplied new
and unused, full with fresh (unused) fluid or empty, and may be
recoupled to the apparatus or equipment.
[0028] It should be understood that in the present disclosure each
replaceable fluid container is configured to be replaceable
independently from other replaceable fluid containers. Each fluid
container is separate from the other, such that each independently
replaceable fluid container may be replaced (or not) regardless of
whether other replaceable fluid containers are being replaced (or
not).
[0029] In the present disclosure, "in a non-destructive manner"
means that integrity of the container is not altered, except maybe
for breakage and/or destruction of seals (such as seals on fluid
ports) or of other disposable elements of the container.
[0030] As illustrated in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, in some examples, the
apparatus 1 may comprise least one pump 11 configured to cause the
fluid to flow in the fluid path 5. In some examples, the pump 11 is
configured to be controlled by the control apparatus 9. In some
examples, as described below, the control apparatus 9 may be
configured to control the at least one valve 8 and/or the pump 11,
based on information associated with the equipment and/or
information associated with at least one of the replaceable fluid
containers.
[0031] The example illustrated by FIG. 1 will now be described in
greater detail.
[0032] In the example of FIG. 1, the fluid path 5 comprises a
single valve 8 between the fluid circulation system 2 and a first
replaceable fluid container 4 (a container 41 on the left-hand side
in FIG. 1). No valve is provided between the fluid circulation
system 2 and a second replaceable fluid container 4 (a container 42
on the right-hand side in FIG. 1). The passage of fluid through the
fluid path 5 between the fluid circulation system 2 and the first
replaceable fluid container 41 may be controlled by the valve 8.
The passage of fluid through the fluid path 5, between the fluid
circulation system 2 and the second replaceable fluid container 42
is not controlled by any valve located in the fluid path 5. The
fluid supply from the containers 4 to the fluid circulation system
2 may be provided for example by gravity.
[0033] In operation, a fluid may be supplied from the second
replaceable fluid container 42 to the fluid circulation system 2
through the fluid path 5. The control apparatus 9 may control the
valve 8 to control the flow of a fluid from the first replaceable
fluid container 41 to the fluid circulation system 2 through the
fluid path 5.
[0034] The control apparatus 9 may cause the valve 8 to be first in
a closed condition, and then in an open condition to enable flow of
the second type of fluid into the fluid circulation system 2
through the fluid path 5, when desired. This may be, for example,
after a predetermined duration of time has lapsed, or another
predetermined condition or condition determined for example by the
control apparatus 9 is met.
[0035] It should be understood that the valve 8 can be controlled
to be in the closed condition again when desired.
[0036] The example illustrated by FIG. 2 comprises the elements of
the example illustrated by FIG. 1, and the elements in common will
not be described here for the sake of conciseness and clarity.
[0037] In the example of FIG. 2, the fluid path 5 comprises a
single valve 8 between the fluid circulation system 2 and the
replaceable fluid containers 4. In the example of FIG. 2, the valve
8 is a three way valve, that is to say one way for the fluid
circulation system 2 and one way for each of the two replaceable
fluid containers 4. The passage of fluid through the fluid path 5,
between the fluid circulation system 2 and each of the replaceable
fluid containers 4, may be controlled by the valve 8. The fluid
supply from the containers 4 to the fluid circulation system 2 may
be provided for example by gravity.
[0038] In operation, the control apparatus 9 may control the valve
8 to control the flow of a fluid from a first replaceable fluid
container 4 (a left-hand container 41 in FIG. 2) to the fluid
circulation system 2 through the fluid path 5. The control
apparatus 9 may cause the valve 8 to be first in an open condition
for the first replaceable fluid container 41. The fluid may be
supplied from the first replaceable fluid container 41 to the fluid
circulation system 2 through the fluid path 5. The control
apparatus 9 may control the valve 8 to control the flow of a fluid
from a second replaceable fluid container 4 (a right-hand container
42 in FIG. 2) to the fluid circulation system 2 through the fluid
path 5. The control apparatus 9 may cause the valve 8 to be first
for example in a closed condition for the second replaceable fluid
container 42.
[0039] The control apparatus 9 may then cause the valve 8 to be in
a closed condition for the first replaceable fluid container 41 and
in an open condition for the second replaceable fluid container 42.
type of fluid into the fluid circulation system 2 through the fluid
path 5, when desired. This may be, for example, after a
predetermined duration of time has lapsed, or another predetermined
condition or condition determined for example by the control
apparatus 9 is met. The fluid may be supplied from the second
replaceable fluid container 42 to the fluid circulation system 2
through the fluid path 5.
[0040] It should be understood that the apparatus illustrated by
FIGS. 1 and 2 forms at least part of the equipment 3, that is, the
equipment 3 comprises the apparatus illustrated by FIGS. 1 and
2.
[0041] The examples illustrated by FIGS. 3 and 4 comprise the
elements of the example illustrated by FIG. 1, and the elements in
common will not be described here for the sake of conciseness and
clarity.
[0042] In the examples of FIGS. 3 and 4, the fluid path 5 comprises
a valve 8 between the fluid circulation system 2 and each of the
replaceable fluid containers 4 (the fluid path 5 comprises three
valves 8). In the examples of FIGS. 3 and 4, each of the valves 8
is a two way valve, that is to say one way for the fluid
circulation system 2 and one way for a corresponding fluid
container 4. The fluid supply from the containers 4 to the fluid
circulation system 2 may be provided by gravity, a pressure
gradient, or be pumped. In the examples of FIGS. 3 and 4, the
passage of fluid through the fluid path 5, between the fluid
circulation system 2 and each of the replaceable fluid containers
4, may be controlled by the valves 8.
[0043] In the example of FIG. 4, the fluid supply from a first
replaceable fluid container 41 to the fluid circulation system 2
and/or the fluid return from the fluid circulation system 2 to the
first (left-hand) container 41 may be provided by a pump 11. In the
example of FIG. 4, the at least one pump 11 comprises a reversible
pump 11 configured to cause the fluid to flow to and/or from the
first (left-hand) replaceable fluid container 41 from and/or to the
fluid circulation system 2. In the example of FIG. 4, the fluid
supply from the other containers 42, 43 to the fluid circulation
system 2 may be provided by gravity or a pressure gradient.
[0044] In some examples described in greater detail below, the
control apparatus 9 may be configured to control the at least one
valve 8 to selectively inhibit a fluid to flow between the fluid
circulation system 2 and one or more first replaceable fluid
containers 4. A fluid flow may be enabled to flow selectively
between the fluid circulation system 2 and one or more second
replaceable fluid containers 4.
[0045] In operation, in the examples of FIGS. 3 and 4, the control
apparatus 9 may control at least one of the valves 8 to control the
flow of a fluid from the first replaceable fluid container 41 to
the fluid circulation system 2 through the fluid path 5. The
control apparatus 9 may cause a first valve 8a to be first in an
open condition for the first replaceable fluid container 41. The
fluid may be supplied from the first replaceable fluid container 41
to the fluid circulation system 2 through the fluid path 5. The
control apparatus 9 may control other valves 8b and 8c to control
the flow of a fluid from a second replaceable fluid container 42
and/or a third replaceable fluid container 43 to the fluid
circulation system 2 through the fluid path 5. For fluid to flow
from the first replaceable fluid container 41, the control
apparatus 9 may cause the valves 8b and 8c to be in a closed
condition for the second and third replaceable fluid containers 42
and 43. For fluid to flow from the second 42 and/or third 43
replaceable fluid containers, the control apparatus 9 may cause the
valves 8b and 8c to be in an open position. The valve 8a for the
fluid from the first replaceable fluid container 41 may be open or
closed as desired.
[0046] It should be also understood that the selection of the
replaceable fluid containers providing the fluid to the fluid
circulation system may be changed over time by the control
apparatus 9, should that be desired, as explained below.
[0047] The control apparatus 9 may then cause the valves 8a and 8c
to the first replaceable fluid container 41 and the third
replaceable fluid container 43 to be in a closed condition, and the
valve 8b to be in an open condition for the second replaceable
fluid container 42. The fluid may be supplied from the second
replaceable fluid container 42 to the fluid circulation system 2
through the fluid path 5. This enables a continuous flow of fluid
within the fluid circulation system 2.
[0048] In the example of operation described above, the fluid is
supplied from only one replaceable fluid container (for example the
replaceable fluid container 41 or the replaceable fluid container
42) at a time. It should be understood that, alternatively or
additionally, the control apparatus 9 may control the valves 8 so
that fluid supply or return is allowed from or to more than one
replaceable fluid container at a time. In other words, at least two
or more selected replaceable fluid containers 4 may be used
simultaneously.
[0049] In the example of FIG. 3, the equipment 3 comprises a dock
12 for coupling to the one or more replaceable fluid containers
4.
[0050] In the example of FIG. 4 (and also in FIG. 5 as explained
below), the apparatus 1 comprises: a first interface 13 configured
to couple to the replaceable fluid containers 4; and a second
interface 14 configured to couple to the equipment 3. The apparatus
1 comprises a housing 15, which may be provided with the first
interface 13 and the second interface 14. In the examples of FIGS.
4 and 5, the housing 15 is configured to house, at least partly:
the fluid path 5; the at least one valve 8; and the control
apparatus 9. The housing 15 may be distinct from a housing of the
containers 4 and/or from the equipment 3.
[0051] In the example of FIG. 4, the fluid path 5 comprises a fluid
port 56 configured to couple to the fluid port 6 of the fluid
circulation system 2, and, for each fluid container 4, a fluid port
57 configured to couple to the fluid port 7 of the replaceable
fluid container 4. The equipment 3 comprises an equipment control
unit 16 which may be connected to the control apparatus 9. In some
examples, the control apparatus 9 may be configured to control the
at least one valve 8 based on information associated with the
equipment 3, for example provided by the equipment control unit 16
to the control apparatus 9.
[0052] In some examples, the information associated with the
equipment may comprise data relating to at least one of: engine
speed, load history, stop and start frequency, average equipment
temperature, number of equipment starts, equipment fuel consumption
such as vehicle fuel consumption (when the equipment comprises a
vehicle), exhaust emission, vehicle mileage (when the equipment
comprises a vehicle), average sump fill, and behaviour of a user
such as driver aggression factor (when the equipment comprises a
vehicle. It should be understood that the equipment control unit 16
may be configured, to provide other information, such as, for
example, information associated with the container 4.
[0053] The example illustrated by FIGS. 5 and 6 comprises the
elements of the example illustrated by FIG. 1, and the elements in
common will not be described here for the sake of conciseness and
clarity.
[0054] FIG. 5 illustrates n replaceable fluid containers 4, and the
operation of the control apparatus 9 and the valves 8 will be
explained with reference to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 only illustrates two of
the replaceable fluid containers of FIG. 5, for conciseness and
clarity. The at least one fluid port 6 of fluid circulation system
2 comprises: a fluid scavenging port 61; and a fluid supply port
62. The at least one fluid port 7 of each replaceable fluid
container 4 comprises: a fluid inlet port 71 and a fluid outlet
port 72. As illustrated with reference to the first replaceable
fluid container 41, the fluid path 5 is configured to couple to:
the fluid scavenging port 561 of the fluid circulation system 2 and
the fluid inlet port 571 of at least one replaceable fluid
container 4. The fluid path 5 is also connected to the fluid outlet
port5 72 of at least one replaceable fluid container 4 and the
fluid supply port 562 of the fluid circulation system 2.
[0055] The at least one pump 11 of the apparatus 1 comprises a pump
111 configured to cause the fluid to flow between the fluid
scavenging port 61 and the fluid inlet port 71 of the replaceable
fluid containers 4. In the example of FIGS. 5 and 6, the fluid path
5 further comprises a valve 8 in the fluid path 5 between the fluid
scavenging port 61 and the fluid inlet port 71 of the replaceable
fluid containers 4 (as also shown in greater detail in FIG. 6). The
fluid path 5 comprises a valve 8 in the fluid path 5 between the
fluid outlet port 72 of at least one replaceable fluid container 4
and the fluid supply port 62 of the fluid circulation system 2 (as
also shown in FIG. 6).
[0056] The at least one pump 11 further comprises a pump 112
configured to cause the fluid to flow between the fluid outlet port
72 of the replaceable fluid containers 4 and the fluid supply port
62 of the fluid circulation system 2. It should be understood
however that the pump 112 is optional and that, in some examples,
the fluid supply from the containers 4 to the fluid circulation
system 2 may be provided for example by gravity or a pressure
gradient.
[0057] The at least one fluid port 6 of fluid circulation system 2
further comprises a vent port 63, and the at least one fluid port 7
of each replaceable fluid container 4 further comprises at least
one vent port 7. As shown with respect to the first replaceable
fluid container 41, the fluid path 5 is configured to couple to the
vent port 563 and the vent port 573. The vent port 63 of the fluid
circulation system 2 is in fluidic connection with a breather of
the fluid circulation system 2 (for example connected to the
ambient atmosphere) and is configured to avoid excessive negative
and/or positive pressure in the replaceable fluid containers 4 as
the level of fluid in the containers 4 changes.
[0058] The fluid path 5 comprises a valve 8 in the fluid path 5
between the vent port 63 and the vent port 73 (as shown in FIG. 6).
Each of the valves 8 is a two way valve, one way allowing fluid
into the fluid circulation system 2 and the other to allow fluid
flow through the corresponding fluid port of a replaceable fluid
container. The selective passage of fluid through the fluid path 5,
between the fluid circulation system 2 and each of the replaceable
fluid containers 4, may be controlled by the valves 8, as explained
below. In operation, the control apparatus 9 may control at least
one of the valves 8 to control the flow of a fluid between the
first replaceable fluid container 41 and the fluid circulation
system 2 through the fluid path 5.
[0059] As illustrated in greater detail in FIG. 6, the control
apparatus 9 may cause a valve 8a located between the scavenging
port 61 and the fluid inlet port 71, and a valve 8b located between
the outlet port 72 and the fluid supply port 62 to be in an open
condition for the first replaceable fluid container 41. In some
examples, a valve 8c located between the vent port 63 and the vent
port 73 may be first in a closed condition for the first
replaceable fluid container 41.
[0060] In operation, the fluid may be supplied from the first
replaceable fluid container 41 to the fluid circulation system 2
through the fluid path 5, through the outlet port 72, the valve 8b
and the fluid supply port 62. The fluid that has been supplied to
the fluid circulation system 2 may be circulated in the fluid
circulation system 2. After being circulated in the fluid
circulation system 2, the fluid may be returned to the first
replaceable fluid container 41 from the fluid circulation system 2
through the fluid path 5, through the scavenging port 61, the pump
111, the valve 8a and the fluid inlet port 71. The valve 8c located
between the vent port 63 and the vent port 73 may be in the closed
condition for the first replaceable fluid container 41, as the
level of fluid in the first replaceable fluid container 41 does not
change during circulation of the fluid through the fluid path 5 and
the fluid container 41. Alternatively or additionally, the fluid
may be returned to the first replaceable fluid container 41
simultaneously to its circulation in the fluid circulation system
2.
[0061] The control apparatus 9 may control the valve 8 to control
the flow of a fluid between a second (for example right-hand)
replaceable fluid container 42 to the fluid circulation system 2
through the fluid path 5 (as shown in FIG. 6). The control
apparatus 9 may cause a valve 8d located between the scavenging
port 61 and the fluid inlet port 71, a valve 8e located between the
outlet port 72 and the fluid supply port 62 and a valve 8f located
between the vent port 63 and the vent port 73 to be, first, for
example in a closed condition for the second replaceable fluid
container 42. This may occur while the fluid is circulated between
the container 41 and the system 2, as explained above.
[0062] The control apparatus 9 may then cause the valves 8a, 8b and
8c to the first replaceable fluid container 41 to be in a closed
condition, and the valves 8d and 8e to the second replaceable fluid
container 42 to be in an open condition.
[0063] In some examples, the valve 8f located between the vent port
63 and the vent port 73 may remain in the closed condition when the
fluid is circulated between the second replaceable fluid container
42 and the system 2, as explained above with reference to the first
replaceable fluid container 41. The fluid may be supplied and
returned between the second replaceable fluid container 42 and the
fluid circulation system 2 through the fluid path 5 as explained
with reference to the first fluid container 41.
[0064] It should be understood that the operation of the valves 8d,
8e and 8f as explained for the second replaceable fluid container
42 may be applied to all of the n containers 4 other than the first
replaceable fluid container 41. It should be also understood that
the control apparatus 9 may be configured to control the valves 8
corresponding to all of the n containers 4 to selectively inhibit a
fluid to flow between the fluid circulation system 2 and one or
more first replaceable fluid containers 4, yet enabling a fluid to
flow selectively between the fluid circulation system 2 and one or
more second replaceable fluid containers 4, or vice versa.
[0065] In the example of FIGS. 5 and 6, one or more replaceable
fluid containers 4 is provided with a data provider 17. The data
provider 17 may be connected to the control apparatus 9. In some
examples, the data provider 17 may enable matching of fluid (such
as oil grade or any other characteristic of the fluid) to equipment
requirements (such as engine) via an electronic handshake between
the data provider 17 and the control apparatus 9 and/or the
equipment 3. In some examples, the control apparatus 9 may be
configured to control the at least one valve 8 based on information
associated with the container 4, for example provided by the data
provider 17 to the control apparatus 9. Alternatively, the data
provider 17 may be connected to the equipment or the apparatus.
[0066] In some examples, the information associated with at least
one of the replaceable fluid containers may comprise: data relating
to at least one of a characteristic of the fluid and/or a
characteristic of the replaceable fluid container. In some
examples, the characteristic of the fluid may comprise any one or
more of: a type of fluid, a grade of the fluid, a formulation of
the fluid, an additive to the fluid, a viscosity of the fluid, an
age of the fluid, a purity of the fluid, an electrical conductivity
of the fluid, a temperature of the fluid and/or a pressure of the
fluid. The characteristic of the fluid may be provided directly by
sensors of the equipment. Alternatively or additionally, the
characteristic of the fluid may be provided directly by sensors of
the containers. Alternatively or additionally, the characteristic
of the fluid may be determined from data provided by sensors of the
equipment or the containers. The data provided by sensors of the
equipment or the containers may include proxy characteristics, that
is to say characteristics used to determined other
characteristics.
[0067] In some examples, the characteristic of the replaceable
fluid container may comprise any one or more of an indication of
whether the container is new or has previously been refilled or
replaced, a number of times the container has been refilled or
reused, a mileage or duration for which the container has been
used, the date on which the container was filled or refilled,
and/or a unique identifier of the container. It should be
understood that the data provider 17 may be configured to provide
information associated with the equipment.
[0068] In the example of FIGS. 5 and 6, the equipment 3 comprises a
user interface 18 enabling data input from or output to a user,
such as a driver, when the equipment comprises a vehicle, which may
be connected to the control apparatus 9. In some examples, the
control apparatus 9 may be configured to control the at least one
valve 8 based on information associated with the equipment 3 and/or
the container 4, This may be provided by the user interface 18 to
the control apparatus 9. The pump 111 and the optional pump 112 are
common to all of the replaceable fluid containers 4. In other
words, the pumps 111 and 112 are located between the fluid
circulation system 2 and the valves 8, and the valves 8 are located
between the pumps 111 and 112 and the fluid containers 4. It should
be understood that in some examples each replaceable fluid
container 4 may comprise a dedicated pump 11 and/or an optional
pump 112.
[0069] It will now be explained below examples of operations of the
control apparatus 9 which may be common to at least some of the
examples of the apparatus described in the present disclosure.
[0070] In some examples, the control apparatus 9 may be configured
to control supply of fluid from at least one of the replaceable
fluid containers 4 to the fluid circulation system 2, as explained
for example with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. Fluid supply may
improve equipment durability (for example in the case of the fluid
being a lubricant). In some examples, the control apparatus 9 may
be configured to determine that circulation of a fluid contained in
one or more first replaceable fluid containers is desired in the
fluid circulation system (for example a predetermined condition is
met and/or the fluid needs to be supplied, that is to say
lubrication and/or additive are needed). In that situation, the
control apparatus 9 may be configured to control the at least one
valve to enable circulation of fluid between the one or more first
replaceable fluid containers and the fluid circulation system. In
that situation for example the fluid may be supplied to the fluid
circulation system. In some examples, the fluid may be withdrawn
from the one or more first replaceable fluid containers.
[0071] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the control
apparatus 9 may be configured to determine that the circulation of
the fluid contained in the one or more first replaceable fluid
containers in the fluid circulation system may be stopped. In some
examples a predetermined condition is met and/or the fluid from the
one or more first replaceable fluid containers is not needed any
longer and/or the one or more first replaceable fluid containers
are empty. In this case, the control apparatus 9 may be configured
to determine that circulation of a fluid contained in one or more
second replaceable fluid containers is desired in the fluid
circulation system. In some examples a predetermined condition is
met and/or more and/or a different type of lubrication and/or
additive are needed in the fluid circulation system. The control
apparatus 9 may be configured to control the at least one valve to
enable circulation of fluid between the one or more second
replaceable fluid containers and the fluid circulation system (for
example the fluid is supplied (and/or withdrawn from the one or
more second replaceable fluid containers) to the fluid circulation
system). Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the
control apparatus 9 may be configured to control the at least one
valve to enable circulation of fluid between the one or more second
replaceable fluid containers and the fluid circulation system. This
enables the equipment to be running without being turned off or on
(that is to say to be in "active operation") whilst allowing the
one or more first replaceable fluid containers to be decoupled from
the fluid path. For example the one or more first replaceable fluid
containers may be replaced when the equipment is still running.
[0072] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the control
apparatus 9 may be configured to determine at least one fluid
attribute requirement of a fluid in circulation in the fluid system
to enable sustaining normal operation of the equipment. In the
context of the disclosure, during normal operation the equipment
operates normally but may be turned on and off as desired. In some
examples, the predetermined equipment maintenance intervals are no
longer contingent of the fluid being changed. The determination of
the fluid attribute requirement may be based on information
associated with the fluid in circulation in the fluid system.
Non-limiting examples of fluid attribute requirements include
predetermined and/or determined fluid attribute requirements.
Non-limiting examples of fluid attribute requirements include a
type of additive, a value of viscosity and a purity of the fluid.
In some examples, the one or more fluid attribute requirements may
be determined based on information associated with a fluid in
circulation in the fluid circulation system. In some examples the
information associated with a fluid in circulation in the fluid
circulation system may be provided by sensors of the equipment
and/or the containers.
[0073] In some examples, the information associated with the fluid
in circulation in the fluid circulation system may be used to
determine a condition of the fluid in the fluid circulation system.
In such an example, the control apparatus 9 may be configured to
control the at least one valve to enable circulation between the
fluid circulation system and one or more replaceable fluid
containers based on the one or more determined fluid attribute
requirements. In such an example, the control apparatus may be
configured to selectively enable circulation between one or more
first replaceable fluid containers and one or more second
replaceable fluid containers, based on the at least one determined
fluid attribute requirement.
[0074] In some examples, the control apparatus may be configured to
determine whether a fluid contained in a first replaceable fluid
container meets one or more fluid attribute requirements and/or
determining whether a fluid contained in a second replaceable fluid
container meets one or more of the fluid attribute
requirements.
[0075] Alternatively or additionally, the control apparatus 9 may
be configured to control return of fluid from the fluid circulation
system 2 to at least one of the replaceable fluid containers 4, as
explained for example with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. Fluid return
may improve closed loop recycling of used fluid.
[0076] In some examples, the control apparatus 9 may be configured
to determine that circulation of a fluid in the fluid circulation
system is not desired any longer. This may be the case, for example
when a predetermined condition is met and/or the fluid needs to be
withdrawn from the fluid circulation system. In such an example,
similarly to the explanations with reference to the supply of the
fluid from the replaceable fluid container to the fluid system, the
control apparatus may be configured to control the valve (and
optionally the pump) to enable return of fluid to one or more
replaceable fluid containers. The return may for example be
performed selectively in one or more containers.
[0077] Alternatively or additionally, when at least one of the
replaceable fluid containers 4 comprises a filter 10 (as
illustrated for example in FIGS. 1, 2, 5 and 6), the control
apparatus 9 may be configured to control filtering of fluid from
the fluid circulation system through the filter 10 of the
replaceable fluid container 4. For example, when it is determined
that the fluid in circulation in the fluid circulation system 2
comprises an amount of impurity (for example contaminants)--as
determined for example by the equipment 3 and/or the container 4,
for example using sensors--which is above a threshold (for example
a predetermined threshold or a threshold determined, for example,
by the equipment 3 and/or the container 4), fluid can be returned
to the replaceable fluid container comprising the filter 10, to be
filtered by the filter 10, before being returned to the fluid
circulation system 2. The control of the filtering may improve
equipment durability and equipment efficiency (for example fuel
efficiency and engine life).
[0078] Alternatively or additionally, the control apparatus 9 may
be configured to control a ratio of fluid between the fluid
circulation system 2 and at least one of the replaceable fluid
containers 4. In such an example, the control apparatus 9 may be
configured to control the amount of fluid supplied from (and/or the
amount of fluid returned to) at least one replaceable fluid
container 4. In some examples, managing fluid volume (for example,
in a sump of the equipment when a sump is present) may reduce fuel
consumption, for example at warm up of the equipment.
[0079] An example of operation will now be described with reference
to the example of FIGS. 5 and 6. In an example, in operation the
control apparatus 9 may (as illustrated in FIG. 6) control the
valve 8b to inhibit fluid to flow between the fluid outlet port 72
and the fluid supply port 62 control the valve 8c to enable fluid
(such as a gas for example air and/or vapour) to flow between the
vent port 73 and the vent port 63 of the fluid circulation system
2, as the first fluid exits and/or enters the fluid containers 4
and thus the level of fluid changes in the first container 41. In
operation the control apparatus 9 may also control the valve 8a
between the fluid inlet port 71 and the fluid scavenging port 61 to
cause fluid to flow from and/or to the replaceable fluid containers
(for example using the reversible pump 111 as explained below).
[0080] In such an example of operation, the amount of fluid from
and/or to the first replaceable fluid container 41 can be
controlled (for example during a fluid circulation system
filling-up operation), as explained below.
[0081] If it is determined that the amount (and/or ratio) of fluid
from the first replaceable fluid container 41 in the fluid
circulation system 2 is below a threshold (for example a
predetermined threshold or a threshold determined for example by
the equipment 3), the pump 111 may cause the fluid to flow from the
replaceable fluid container 41 to the fluid circulation system
2.
[0082] Alternatively or additionally, if it is determined that the
amount (and/or ratio) of fluid from the first replaceable fluid
container 41 in the fluid circulation system 2 is above a threshold
(for example a predetermined threshold or a threshold determined
for example by the equipment 3), the pump 111 may cause the fluid
to flow to the replaceable fluid container 41 from the fluid
circulation system 2.
[0083] It should be understood that the above example of operation
may also be applied to other examples of the present disclosure,
for example with reference to the example illustrated by FIG.
4.
[0084] In some examples described above, the control apparatus 9
may be configured to control the at least one valve 8 to
selectively inhibit a fluid to flow between the fluid circulation
system 2 and one or more first replaceable fluid containers 4, yet
enabling a fluid to flow selectively between the fluid circulation
system 2 and one or more second replaceable fluid containers 4. In
such an example, and as illustrated by the upward arrow in FIG. 3,
the control apparatus 9 may be configured to enable decoupling of
the fluid path 5 from the fluid port 7 of the one or more first
replaceable fluid containers 4 (for example the first replaceable
fluid container 41), while fluid is flowing between the one or more
second replaceable fluid containers 4 and the fluid circulation
system 2. The replaceable fluid container can be removed from the
apparatus or equipment, in a non-destructive manner and/or can be
re-coupled to the apparatus or equipment, for example re-inserted
and/or re-seated and/or re-docked in the apparatus or equipment, in
a non-destructive manner.
[0085] The examples of operation above are described with reference
to the control apparatus 9. As described in further detail below,
in some examples, the control apparatus 9 comprised in the
apparatus 1 may not be a single entity, but may be distributed in
different parts of the apparatus 1. Additionally or alternatively,
the apparatus 1 may comprise other control apparatus and/or
processors additionally to the control apparatus 9 already
described. It should thus be understood that, in the present
disclosure, one or more of the described steps may be performed, at
least partly, by the apparatus 1 alternatively or additionally to
being performed by the control apparatus 9. The control apparatus 9
may, for example, be within a replaceable fluid container 4, and
configured to communicate with the control system of equipment or
apparatus.
[0086] In some examples, the apparatus 1 and/or control apparatus 9
may be configured to determine an expected duration of use of one
or more replaceable fluid containers. Non-limiting examples of the
expected duration include: as long as a temperature of the
equipment and/or fluid remains below a threshold; and a duration is
before an expiry date of the fluid is reached. In some examples,
the expected duration may be based on a time that has lapsed and/or
may be based information relating to the equipment (such as an
ambient temperature, and/or mileage in the example where the
equipment comprises a vehicle) and/or may be based on information
relating to the replaceable fluid container (information such as
fluid level or a temperature of the fluid). It should be understood
that similarly the apparatus 1 and/or control apparatus 9 may
alternatively or additionally be configured to determine required
use of one or more replaceable fluid containers. This could be
performed for example when a replaceable fluid container is empty
and/or when a condition in the fluid in circulation in the fluid
circulation system is detected. As explained above, the apparatus 1
may perform at least some of the steps described above because the
apparatus 1 comprises the control apparatus 9 and, alternatively or
additionally, the apparatus 1 may also comprise other control
apparatus and/or processors in addition to the control apparatus
9.
[0087] In such examples, the control apparatus 9 may be configured
to control the at least one valve 8 based on the determined
expected duration and/or required use.
[0088] In such examples, the apparatus 1 and/or control apparatus 9
may be configured to enable and/or inhibit a fluid to flow between
the fluid circulation system 2 and one or more replaceable fluid
containers 4 based on the determined expected duration and/or
required use.
[0089] In some examples, the apparatus 1 and/or control apparatus 9
may be configured to enable a flow of fluid between one or more
first fluid containers before the expected duration (and/or
required use) is reached. Enabling the flow may occur for example
while inhibiting a flow of fluid between one or more second fluid
containers. In some examples, the apparatus 1 and/or control
apparatus 9 may also be configured to inhibit a flow of fluid
between the one or more first replaceable fluid containers when and
after the expected duration (and/or required use) is reached. This
may be the case for example when the first replaceable fluid
containers are empty or have reached their expiry date. Inhibiting
the flow may occur for example while enabling a flow of fluid
between one or more second fluid containers.
[0090] The apparatus 1 and/or control apparatus 9 may be configured
to selectively enable flow of fluids (such as lubricants) of lower
viscosity. This may be the case when an ambient temperature and/or
a temperature of the fluid are lower than a threshold. This may
also be the case during stop or start duty cycles of the equipment.
In some examples, the apparatus 1 and/or control apparatus 9 may
also be configured to selectively enable flow of fluids (such as
lubricants) of higher viscosity. This may be the case when an
ambient temperature and/or a temperature of the fluid are higher
than a threshold. This may also be the case during normal operation
of the equipment.
[0091] A situation where the viscosity and/or the purity of the
fluid are too low compared to a desired level (for example a
predetermined specification) may also occur when the fluid (for
example a lubricant) is diluted by fuel and/or water. This may
therefore be used to determine an overall quality of the fluid
being used.
[0092] In some examples, the apparatus 1 and/or the control
apparatus 9 is configured to control the fluid distribution between
the at least one fluid circulation system and the at least two
independently replaceable fluid containers to sustain normal
operation of the equipment between predetermined equipment
maintenance or other maintenance intervals, thus avoiding
unexpected stoppage or maintenance of the equipment. In some
examples, the changeover between replaceable fluid containers
and/or the two types of fluids may be completed with zero down time
of the equipment. In some examples, the determination of the
expected duration (and/or required use) may be reset once a
previous expected duration (and/or required use) is reached.
[0093] Alternatively or additionally, the apparatus 1 and/or
control apparatus 9 may be configured to generate an output (for
example visual and/or aural) indicating that one or more
replaceable fluid containers needs replacing, based on the
determined expected duration and/or required use. In some examples,
a message indicating to a user that a replaceable fluid container
(and for example which replaceable fluid container) needs replacing
may be sent to the user interface 18. In some example, only one
replaceable fluid container may be replaced at any one time, which
allows a quick fluid change whilst for example the equipment is
operating. This could occur in active operation of the equipment,
that is to say for example when the equipment is running.
Non-limiting examples of active operation of the equipment include
a vehicle being reloaded or operation whilst a generator is still
running.
[0094] In some examples, the pump 11 may be configured to act as a
scavenging pump in cases where the equipment comprises a dry sump,
or to act as a return pump in cases where the equipment comprises a
wet sump. In some examples, the at least one pump 11 is configured
to be at least partly powered and/or driven by the equipment 3.
When the equipment comprises an engine the pump may be driven
directly by the engine itself. In some examples, the pump 11 may be
power-supplied by the operation of the equipment 3. In such an
example, when the equipment comprises for example an engine, the
pump 11 may be power-supplied by the operation of the engine (such
as by using the rotation of the engine, such as powered by a
crankshaft of the engine) and/or driven by the engine (such as
driven by a crankshaft of the engine).
[0095] The pump 11 may comprise a mechanical pump. In some
examples, the pump 11 is a mechanical pump. In some other examples,
only part of the pump 11 is a mechanical pump and the pump 11
comprises other components.
[0096] In some examples, the equipment 3 may comprise an electrical
power source 19, for example comprising a battery. In some
examples, the electrical power source 19 may be part of an engine
of the equipment (for example when the equipment comprises a hybrid
engine). Alternatively or additionally, the electrical power source
19 may be an extra, dedicated, power source. In some examples, the
electrical power source 19 may be an electrical power source which
is external to the equipment 3.
[0097] In some examples, the at least one pump 11 comprises an
electrical pump. In some examples, the pump 11 is powered and/or
driven by the electrical power source 19 (as shown in FIG. 5). In
some examples, the pump may be driven by an electromechanical
device powered by the electrical power source 19.
[0098] In the example illustrated by FIG. 5, the electrical pump 11
may enable fluid flow at a required hydraulic pressure or rate
between the replaceable fluid containers 4 and the fluid
circulation system 2 through the fluid path 5. The electrical pump
11 may be controlled and may thus avoid the fluid pressure being
too high, which can occur with conventional mechanical pumps and
which may generate a waste of energy. The electrical pump 11 may
avoid the need for a relief valve back to an engine sump. In the
examples illustrated by FIGS. 4 and 5, the apparatus 1 may be
provided in a packaging and installed between the containers 4 and
the equipment 3, for example mounted to an engine of the equipment.
In some examples, the apparatus may be for example retro-fitted to
the equipment 3. The apparatus may provide an all-in-one modular
packaging, external to the equipment.
[0099] In the examples illustrated by FIGS. 4 and 5, the apparatus
may avoid the need for engine and vehicle under-bonnet re-design
and re-packaging, for example when designing or adapting a vehicle
for use with replaceable fluid containers. In examples where the
fluid is an oil lubricant, the apparatus 1 may avoid distributing
oil lubricant pumps, oil lubricant paths and oil lubricant
connectors at different locations in the equipment (for example
vehicle and/or engine), and thus enhances reliability and equipment
integration. In examples where the fluid is an oil lubricant, an
electrical pump may enable maintaining the oil lubricant under
different desired tribological regimes.
[0100] In some examples, the control apparatus 9 may form, at least
partly, part of an equipment control unit, such as a vehicle
control unit or an engine control unit (ECU) of a vehicle.
Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the control
apparatus 9 may form, at least partly, part of at least one
container 4, such as part of the data provider 17 of the container
4. Additionally or alternatively, the control apparatus 9 may not
be a single entity, but may be distributed in one or more different
parts of the equipment 3, of the apparatus 1 or of one or more
containers 4.
[0101] The fluid circulation system 2 may integrate a fluid pumping
function 21 and a regulating function 22 (as illustrated by FIGS. 5
and 6).
[0102] In some examples, the regulating function 22 includes at
least one temperature regulating system (for example to heat and/or
cool the fluid in the fluid circulation system 2, to control
temperature and/or viscosity of the fluid). In some examples, a
temperature regulating fluid may flow in the temperature regulating
system, for example comprising a pump (not shown in the Figures)
configured to cause flow of the temperature regulating fluid
through the temperature regulating system. In some examples, the
temperature regulating fluid comprises one or more of: air,
hydrogen, an inert gas, water, and an anti-freeze liquid. In some
examples, the regulating function 22 may include a heat exchanger
which may be of any type. For example the heat exchanger may
comprise a shell in which a first fluid (for example the fluid from
the temperature regulating system) flows and one or more tubes,
within the shell, in which a second fluid (for example the fluid
from the fluid circulation system 2) flows. Other types of heat
exchangers are envisaged. In some non-limiting examples,
temperature regulating system may comprise one or more
radiators.
[0103] In some examples, the temperature regulating system of the
equipment 3 may further be associated with at least one energy
storage device, such as an equipment-cooling system; and/or a
heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) system of the
equipment; and/or the power source 19; and/or a latent heat
accumulator.
[0104] In some examples at least one of the fluid containers may be
associated with a temperature regulating system (such as a heater
or a thermal storage unit) to control the temperature or the
viscosity of the fluid. In some examples the temperature regulating
system may be located in a dock of the equipment and/or the
apparatus. It should be understood that, alternatively or
additionally, the viscosity of the fluid may be controlled by
formulation of the fluid.
[0105] Some other non-limiting examples of the present disclosure
include a fluid change system comprising. This comprises at least
two independently replaceable fluid containers 4, a fluid
circulation system 2, and a control apparatus 9 configured to
control fluid distribution between the fluid circulation system 5
and the at least two independently replaceable fluid containers 4.
The fluid distribution is uninterrupted in the absence of one of
the independently replaceable fluid containers 4.
[0106] In some examples of the fluid change system, the fluid may
be a lubricant.
[0107] In some examples, the fluid change system may comprise the
control apparatus 9 according to any aspects of the present
disclosure.
[0108] Examples of the disclosure provide, as illustrated by FIG.
7, a method for controlling fluid distribution between at least one
fluid circulation system associated with equipment and at least two
replaceable fluid containers.
[0109] In some examples, a fluid path is coupled to at least one
fluid port of the fluid circulation system, and to at least one
fluid port of each of the replaceable fluid containers. The fluid
path may couple the at least one fluid port of the fluid
circulation system to the at least one fluid port of each of the
replaceable fluid containers. The fluid path comprises at least one
valve between the fluid circulation system and at least one
replaceable fluid container. A control apparatus is configured to
control the at least one valve.
[0110] A method of maintaining operation of equipment is
illustrated in FIG. 8, the apparatus having a fluid circulation
system associated therewith and requiring fluid to circulate in the
fluid circulation system to operate. In some examples the method
comprises, at S1:
[0111] At step 100: Selecting a first independently replaceable
fluid container from at least two independently replaceable fluid
containers;
[0112] At step 102: Opening a fluid path between the first
independently replaceable fluid container and the fluid circulation
system;
[0113] At step 104: Selecting a second independently replaceable
fluid container from at least two independently replaceable fluid
containers;
[0114] At step 106: Opening a fluid path between the second
independently replaceable fluid container and the fluid circulation
system;
[0115] At step 108: Determining that the first replaceable fluid
container can be removed from the apparatus; and
[0116] At step 110: Using the second independently replaceable
fluid container to maintain the operation of the equipment during
the removal of the first independently replaceable fluid
container.
[0117] As illustrated in FIG. 9, electing, for example at S1, a
first independently replaceable fluid container from at least two
independently replaceable fluid containers comprises the steps
of:
[0118] At step 112: Analysing the condition of a fluid present in a
fluid circulation system of the apparatus;
[0119] At step 114: Using the condition, determining a fluid
attribute requirement to enable the continuing operation of the
equipment;
[0120] At step 116: Determining whether a first fluid contained in
a first replaceable fluid container meets the fluid attribute
requirement;
[0121] At step 118: Determining whether a second fluid contained in
a second replaceable fluid container meets the fluid attribute
requirement; and
[0122] At step 120: Based on the determination, selecting either
the first or the second fluid to supplement the fluid present in
the circulation system.
[0123] In some examples, the method described above and illustrated
with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9 may further comprise controlling at
least one valve to enable circulation of fluid between the at least
one independently replaceable fluid containers and the fluid
circulation system. In some examples, the method may further
comprise: controlling the return of fluid from the fluid
circulation system to at least one of the independently replaceable
fluid containers; and controlling the at least one valve to
selectively inhibit a fluid to flow between the fluid circulation
system and one or more independently replaceable fluid containers.
The first and the second fluid are ideally lubricants, or additives
useful in lubricants to obtain a desired lubricity.
[0124] In some examples, the step of determining that the first
replaceable fluid container can be removed from the apparatus
further comprises: calculating an expected duration of use of the
one or more independently replaceable fluid containers based on the
performance of the independently replaceable fluid container; or
calculating an expected duration of use of the one or more
independently replaceable fluid containers based on the performance
of the equipment.
[0125] Other examples include a use of the apparatus of any one of
the aspects of the disclosure in: a vehicle, a motorcycle, a
passenger car, a van, a truck, a coach, a heavy duty vehicle, an
earthmoving vehicle, a mining vehicle, an off-highway vehicle, a
yacht, a motor boat, a pleasure craft, a jet-ski, a fishing vessel,
an airborne vessel; an industrial machine; a motor, an engine, a
drivetrain, a gearbox; or a reverse engine, a generator or a wind
turbine.
[0126] Other examples include a use of the fluid change system of
any one of the aspects of the disclosure in: a vehicle, a
motorcycle, a passenger car, a van, a truck, a coach, a heavy duty
vehicle, an earthmoving vehicle, a mining vehicle, an off-highway
vehicle, a yacht, a motor boat, a pleasure craft, a jet-ski, a
fishing vessel, an airborne vessel; an industrial machine; a motor,
an engine, a drivetrain, a gearbox; or a reverse engine, a
generator or a wind turbine.
[0127] Other examples include a use of the method of maintaining
the operation of equipment, the method being of any one of the
aspects of the disclosure in: a vehicle, a motorcycle, a passenger
car, a van, a truck, a coach, a heavy duty vehicle, an earthmoving
vehicle, a mining vehicle, an off-highway vehicle, a yacht, a motor
boat, a pleasure craft, a jet-ski, a fishing vessel, an airborne
vessel; an industrial machine; a motor, an engine, a drivetrain, a
gearbox; or a reverse engine, a generator or a wind turbine.
[0128] Below are described other non-limiting examples of methods
and processes of the present disclosure, for example with reference
to FIG. 7.
[0129] In some examples the method may comprise controlling, at S1,
the at least one valve to control the flow of fluid between the
fluid circulation system and the at least two replaceable fluid
containers.
[0130] In some examples, controlling, at S1, the at least one valve
may comprise controlling supply of fluid from at least one of the
replaceable fluid containers to the fluid circulation system. In
some examples, S1 may comprise: determining a requirement of
circulation of a fluid contained in one or more first replaceable
fluid containers in the fluid circulation system; controlling the
at least one valve to enable circulation of fluid between the one
or more first replaceable fluid containers and the fluid
circulation system; determining that the circulation of the fluid
contained in the one or more first replaceable fluid containers in
the fluid circulation system is no longer required; determining a
requirement of circulation of a fluid contained in one or more
second replaceable fluid containers in the fluid circulation
system; and controlling the at least one valve to enable
circulation of fluid between the one or more second replaceable
fluid containers and the fluid circulation system.
[0131] In such an example, S1 may further comprise controlling the
at least one valve to enable circulation of fluid between the one
or more second replaceable fluid containers and the fluid
circulation system to enable operation of the equipment whilst
allowing the one or more first replaceable fluid containers to be
decoupled from the fluid path.
[0132] Additionally or alternatively, S1 may further comprise:
determining at least one fluid attribute requirement of the fluid
in circulation in the fluid system to enable normal operation of
the equipment, based on information associated with the fluid in
circulation in the fluid circulation system; and controlling the at
least one valve to enable circulation between the fluid circulation
system and one or more replaceable fluid containers based on the at
least one determined fluid attribute requirement.
[0133] In such an example, S1 may further comprise selectively
enabling circulation between one or more first replaceable fluid
containers and one or more second replaceable fluid containers.
[0134] Alternatively or additionally, controlling, at S1, the at
least one valve may comprise controlling return of fluid from the
fluid circulation system to at least one of the replaceable fluid
containers. Alternatively or additionally, controlling, at S1, the
at least one valve may comprise controlling filtering of fluid from
the fluid circulation system through a filter of at least one
replaceable fluid container (when a filter is present).
Alternatively or additionally, controlling, at S1, the at least one
valve may comprise controlling a ratio of fluid between the fluid
circulation system and at least one of the replaceable fluid
containers. Alternatively or additionally, controlling, at S1, the
at least one valve may comprise selectively inhibiting a fluid to
flow between the fluid circulation system and one or more first
replaceable fluid containers, yet enabling a fluid to flow
selectively between the fluid circulation system and one or more
second replaceable fluid containers. Alternatively or additionally,
controlling, at S1, the at least one valve may comprise enabling
decoupling of the fluid path from the fluid port of the one or more
first replaceable fluid containers while fluid is flowing between
the one or more second replaceable fluid containers and the fluid
circulation system.
[0135] In some examples, the method may comprise determining an
expected duration of use and/or required use of one or more
replaceable fluid containers. The controlling of the at least one
valve may be based on the determined expected duration and/or
required use. The method may comprise enabling and/or inhibiting a
fluid to flow between the fluid circulation system and one or more
replaceable fluid containers based on the determined expected
duration and/or required use. Alternatively or additionally, the
method may comprise generating an output indicating that one or
more replaceable fluid containers needs replacing, based on the
determined expected duration and/or required use.
[0136] In some examples, the method may comprise controlling the
fluid distribution between the at least one fluid circulation
system and the at least two independently replaceable fluid
containers to sustain normal operation of the equipment between
predetermined equipment maintenance intervals.
[0137] In some examples, the temperature of the fluid may be
determined using temperature data provided by a fluid temperature
sensor (not shown in the Figures) provided in at least one
replaceable fluid container and/or the apparatus and/or the
equipment.
[0138] In some examples, the methods illustrated in FIGS. 7, 8 and
9 may be implemented on an apparatus as illustrated by FIGS. 1 to
6.
[0139] The methods illustrated in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 may be
performed, at least partly, by the apparatus 1 described above, for
example by the control apparatus 9 of the apparatus. In some
examples the methods illustrated in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 may be
performed, at least partly, by a processor of the control apparatus
9.
[0140] Some other non-limiting examples of the present disclosure
include a method of enabling operation of equipment, the equipment
being associated with a fluid circulation system and requiring
fluid to operate, the method comprising: selecting between one or
more first replaceable fluid containers containing a first fluid
and one or more second replaceable fluid containers containing a
second fluid; deciding to use the first fluid and withdrawing the
first fluid from the one or more first replaceable fluid containers
into the fluid circulation system; determining that the one or more
first replaceable fluid containers can be removed from the
equipment; deciding to use the second fluid and withdrawing the
second fluid from the one or more second replaceable fluid
containers into the fluid circulation system; and using the second
fluid to sustain the operation of the equipment whilst the one or
more first fluid container is removed.
[0141] Other non-limiting examples include a method of selecting
between at least one first replaceable fluid container and at least
one second replaceable fluid container, each replaceable container
containing a fluid required for operation of equipment, the method
comprising: analysing a condition of a fluid in a fluid circulation
system of the equipment; using the analysed condition, determining
a fluid attribute requirement to enable operation of the equipment;
determining whether a first fluid contained in the at least one
first replaceable fluid container meets the fluid attribute
requirement; determining whether a second fluid contained in the at
least one second replaceable fluid container meets the fluid
attribute requirement; and based on the determination, selecting
the first and/or the second fluid to be provided to the fluid in
the circulation system.
[0142] Other non-limiting examples include a system comprising the
apparatus of any one of the preceding aspects and equipment
associated with at least one fluid circulation system. Optionally
the system may further comprise at least two independently
replaceable fluid containers for the equipment.
[0143] Other non-limiting examples include a computer program or a
computer program product, operable, when executed on a processor,
to perform a method according to any one of the preceding aspects
of the present disclosure. Other non-limiting examples include a
computer program or a computer program product, operable, when
executed on a processor, to program a processor to provide
apparatus and/or system according to any one of the preceding
aspects of the present disclosure.
[0144] Below are described examples of modifications and variations
which may be envisaged.
[0145] In the examples of FIGS. 4 and 5, the apparatus 1 and the
replaceable fluid containers 4 are illustrated as not being a part
of the equipment. It should be understood that, in some examples,
the apparatus 1 and/or the replaceable fluid containers 4 may form,
at least partly, part of the equipment. In such examples, the
apparatus 1 and/or the replaceable fluid containers 4 may be
located in a housing of the equipment, such as under a bonnet of a
vehicle.
[0146] It should be understood that the system comprising the
apparatus of any aspect of the disclosure may comprise, at least
partly: a dock for coupling to the one or more replaceable fluid
containers or the equipment. In other examples, the apparatus may
be at least partly: a dock for coupling to the one or more
replaceable fluid containers or the equipment. In some other
examples, the system comprising the apparatus of any aspect of the
disclosure may comprise or be, at least partly a part of the
equipment, other than the dock. In such examples, the part of the
equipment may comprise, at least partly, an engine of the
equipment.
[0147] The processor associated with the control apparatus 9 may be
a control apparatus such as a microcontroller apparatus or the like
with the control apparatus managing communication (which may be
encrypted communication) with the apparatus 1 and/or the
replaceable fluid containers 4 and/or with the equipment 3, for
example with a communications (for example control apparatus area
network (CAN) bus that couples with an engine control unit (ECU) or
engine management system).
[0148] The processor associated with the control apparatus 9 may
use the temperature measured by the temperature sensor to determine
the temperature of the fluid in the fluid containers. The processor
may apply a correction to the temperature measurement to determine
the temperature of the fluid in the fluid containers from the
apparatus 1 temperature sensor (when present). For example, the
apparatus 1 temperature sensor (when present) may be positioned at
a given distance from the container and a correction factor may be
applied in order to compensate for the distance from the
temperature sensor to the fluid.
[0149] The fluid may be any type of fluid circulated in the
equipment and/or circulated in any fluid circulation system
associated with the equipment (that is the fluid is not necessarily
circulated in the equipment) to support a function of the equipment
and/or for example an engine of the equipment. The function may be
an ancillary function of the equipment.
[0150] The disclosure may be applied to equipment (such as
vehicles) having a "dry sump" or a "wet sump" (for example when the
fluid circulation system comprises an engine).
[0151] The containers 4 may be containers for a fluid which is a
liquid. Examples of suitable liquids include engine lubricant
(engine oil) and heat exchange fluid for an electric engine.
[0152] In some examples the lubricant may comprise at least one
base stock and at least one lubricant additive. Suitable base
stocks include bio-derived base stocks, mineral oil derived base
stocks, synthetic base stocks and semi synthetic base stocks.
Suitable engine lubricant additives are known in the art. The
lubricant may be a mono-viscosity grade or a multi-viscosity grade
lubricant. The lubricant may be a single purpose lubricant or a
multi-purpose lubricant. When lubricant is used each replaceable
fluid container 4 may contain varying grades or types of lubricant,
with varying desired characteristics, such as viscosity or
additives. In this manner it is possible to mix a lubricant having
a desired performance based upon selecting from a number of
different base stocks and additives in various replaceable fluid
containers. For example, a first fluid container 4 may contain a
lubricant that is particularly effective at lower temperatures, and
so aids in cold starting. A second fluid container 4 may contain an
additive that is beneficial under particular circumstances, for
example, on long journeys or in hot weather.
[0153] In some examples, the equipment may comprise at least one
electric drivetrain. In some examples, the equipment may comprise a
hybrid vehicle.
[0154] The container may be a container for heat exchange fluid for
an electric engine, as electric engines may require heat exchange
fluid to heat the engine and/or cool the engine. This may depend
upon the operating cycle of the engine. Electric engines may also
require a reservoir of heat exchange fluid. The replaceable fluid
container may provide a heat storage container in which heat
exchange fluid may be stored for use to heat the electric engine
when required. The replaceable fluid container may provide a
container for storage of coolant at a temperature below the
operating temperature of the engine for use to cool the electric
engine when required.
[0155] Suitable heat exchange fluids for electric engines, which
may have additional functionality (such as the primary function)
which may include for example charge conduction and/or electrical
connectivity, may be aqueous or non-aqueous fluids. Suitable heat
exchange fluids for electric engines may comprise organic and/or
non-organic performance boosting additives. Suitable heat exchange
fluids may be man-made or bio-derived, for example Betaine. The
heat exchange fluids may have fire retarding characteristics and/or
hydraulic characteristics. Suitable heat exchange fluids include
phase change fluids. Suitable heat exchange fluids include molten
metals or salts. Suitable heat exchange fluids include nanofluids.
Nanofluids comprise nanoparticles suspended in a base fluid, which
may be solid, liquid or gas. Suitable heat exchange fluids include
gases and liquids. Suitable heat exchange fluids include liquefied
gases.
[0156] Other examples include at least one of a de-icer, and/or a
hydraulic fluid (such as a fluid used in braking systems), and/or a
pneumatic fluid, and/or a washer fluid, and/or a fuel additive,
and/or a charge conduction liquid, and/or an electrical
connectivity liquid, and/or a heat exchange fluid, or any other
fluid associated with any function of the equipment and/or an
engine of the equipment.
[0157] The data provider of the replaceable fluid container may
comprise a processor. The data provider may comprise a memory for
storing data describing the fluid in the replaceable fluid
container. For example, the memory may store data including at
least one of: the grade of the fluid, the type of fluid, the date
on which the container was filled or refilled, a unique identifier
of the container, an indication of whether the container is new, or
has previously been refilled or replaced, an indication of the
vehicle mileage, the number of times the container has been
refilled or reused, and the total mileage or duration for which the
container has been used.
[0158] The processor associated with the control apparatus 9 may
also read and/or write data to a memory or data store of the data
provider of the container. This data may be encrypted and may
include equipment data and sensor parameters. Data storage may be
carried out at start-up and periodically as a vehicle carrying the
container for example accumulates miles of distance travelled and
duration of engine running.
[0159] In some examples, the containers 4 may be provided as a
self-contained container containing fresh, refreshed or unused
fluid which may easily replace a container which is empty or
contains used or spent fluid.
[0160] If the container 4 also comprises a filter, the filter may
also be replaced together with the spent or used fluid. Thus, a
replaceable fluid container containing spent or used fluid retained
in fluidic communication with the fluid circulation system may be
disconnected from the fluid circulation system, removed and
replaced by a container containing fresh, refreshed or unused fluid
and if present a fresh, renewed or new filter.
[0161] In some examples, a part of the container 4 (for example a
part comprising the ports and/or the filter when a filter is
present) may be separated from another part of the container, and a
new part may be attached to the other part. Parts may thus be
re-used and/or recycled.
[0162] The dock may be a physical structure in which the container
is seated and then docked. As another possibility, the dock may
simply be a fluid coupling or couplings of the equipment and/or the
fluid circulation system for coupling to the at least one fluid
port of the container.
[0163] In some examples, fluid outlet ports may comprise a
non-return valve. The non-return valve may prevent or at least
inhibit fluid from draining back to the container when the
equipment is not operating and may help keep a fluid line to a
circulating pump full of fluid so that circulation of fluid is
immediate when operation of the equipment is started. Additionally
or alternatively, fluid inlet ports may comprise a control valve or
shut-off valve which may be closed when the equipment is not
operating, for example to prevent or reduce fluid draining from the
container to the equipment. Additionally or alternatively, vent
ports may not contain any valves because fluid, for example, in
case gas and/or vapour, may be required to flow both to and from
the container through the vent port when the container is connected
to the fluid circulation system (and a valve in the fluid path is
in an open condition).
[0164] The fluid ports may comprise fluid couplings, which may be
self-sealing.
[0165] Suitable vehicles include motorcycles, passenger cars, vans,
trucks, coaches, heavy duty vehicles, earthmoving vehicles, mining
vehicles, off-highway vehicles. Powered water-borne vessels are
also envisaged as vehicles, including yachts, motor boats (for
example with an outboard motor), pleasure crafts, jet-skis or
fishing vessels. Applications of the disclosure are envisaged for
parts only of the vehicles, for example parts including one or more
moving parts (for example a gearbox).
[0166] Suitable machines include industrial machines and/or
manufacture machines and/or assembly machines.
[0167] Suitable motors include engines, drivetrains and/or
gearboxes of vehicles or of static or mobile pieces of the
equipment.
[0168] Suitable reverse engines include generator such as a wind
turbine generator or gearboxes of generators. The apparatus may be
advantageous in wind turbine gear boxes where regular service
access may be difficult and/or hazardous.
[0169] Suitable airborne vessels include airships and winged
aircraft.
[0170] The container may be manufactured from metal and/or plastics
material. Suitable materials include reinforced thermoplastics
material which for example, may be suitable for operation at
temperatures of up to 150.degree. C. for extended periods of
time.
[0171] The container may comprise at least one trade mark, logo,
product information, advertising information, other distinguishing
feature or combination thereof. The container may be printed and/or
labelled with at least one trade mark, logo, product information,
advertising information, other distinguishing feature or
combination thereof. This may have an advantage of deterring
counterfeiting. The container may be of a single colour or
multi-coloured. The trademark, logo or other distinguishing feature
may be of the same colour and/or material as the rest of the
container or a different colour and/or material as the rest of the
container. In some examples, the container may be provided with
packaging, such as a box or a pallet. In some examples, the
packaging may be provided for a plurality of containers, and in
some examples a box and/or a pallet may be provided for a plurality
of containers.
[0172] With reference to the drawings in general, it will be
appreciated that schematic functional block diagrams are used to
indicate functionality of apparatuses, elements and systems
described herein. It will be appreciated however that the
functionality need not be divided in this way, and should not be
taken to imply any particular structure of hardware other than that
described and claimed below. The function of one or more of the
elements shown in the drawings may be further subdivided, and/or
distributed throughout apparatuses, elements and systems of the
disclosure. In some embodiments the function of one or more
elements shown in the drawings may be integrated into a single
functional unit.
[0173] The above embodiments are to be understood as illustrative
examples. Further embodiments are envisaged. It is to be understood
that any feature (such as valves, pumps, ports, control apparatus,
sensors, as non-limiting examples) described in relation to any one
embodiment may be used alone, or in combination with other features
described, and may also be used in combination with one or more
features of any other of the embodiments, or any combination of any
other of the embodiments. Furthermore, equivalents and
modifications not described above may also be employed without
departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined in the
accompanying claims.
[0174] In some examples, one or more memory elements can store data
and/or program instructions used to implement the operations
described herein. Embodiments of the disclosure provide tangible,
non-transitory storage media comprising program instructions
operable to program a processor to perform any one or more of the
methods described and/or claimed herein and/or to provide data
processing and/or controlling of fluid distribution apparatus as
described and/or claimed herein.
[0175] The activities and apparatuses, elements and systems
outlined herein may be implemented using control apparatus and/or
processors which may be provided by fixed logic such as assemblies
of logic gates or programmable logic such as software and/or
computer program instructions executed by a processor. Other kinds
of programmable logic include programmable processors, programmable
digital logic (for example, a field programmable gate array (FPGA),
an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), an electrically
erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM)), an application
specific integrated circuit, ASIC, or any other kind of digital
logic, software, code, electronic instructions, flash memory,
optical disks, CD-ROMs, DVD ROMs, magnetic or optical cards, other
types of machine-readable mediums suitable for storing electronic
instructions, or any suitable combination thereof.
* * * * *