U.S. patent application number 15/795883 was filed with the patent office on 2019-05-02 for waveform model.
The applicant listed for this patent is Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP. Invention is credited to Andre Beaudin, Scott McGrath, Gilbert Moineau.
Application Number | 20190128997 15/795883 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 63914750 |
Filed Date | 2019-05-02 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20190128997 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
Beaudin; Andre ; et
al. |
May 2, 2019 |
WAVEFORM MODEL
Abstract
An access point may include a radio. The radio may receive a
waveform, and the waveform may comprise a plurality of pulses. The
access point may further include a hardware processor coupled to
the radio. The hardware processor may determine a model of the
received waveform. Determining a model of the received waveform may
include extracting a plurality of characteristics corresponding to
the received waveform, determining a plurality of parameters,
wherein each of the plurality of parameters is based on a
corresponding characteristic of the plurality of characteristics,
and constructing an output waveform model based on the plurality of
parameters, wherein the output waveform model corresponds to the
received waveform. The hardware processor may further transmit the
output waveform model to the hardware processor as an input
waveform, wherein the input waveform is to tune the model.
Moreover, the access point may include a dynamic frequency
switching (DFS) module coupled to the hardware processor to receive
the output waveform model.
Inventors: |
Beaudin; Andre; (Montreal,
CA) ; Moineau; Gilbert; (Montreal, CA) ;
McGrath; Scott; (Montreal, CA) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP |
Houston |
TX |
US |
|
|
Family ID: |
63914750 |
Appl. No.: |
15/795883 |
Filed: |
October 27, 2017 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H04L 25/063 20130101;
H04L 27/0006 20130101; H04W 84/12 20130101; H04L 27/0012 20130101;
H04K 3/226 20130101; G01S 7/023 20130101; H04W 16/14 20130101; H04B
10/27 20130101; H04W 72/0453 20130101; H04W 88/08 20130101; H04K
2203/18 20130101; G01S 7/021 20130101 |
International
Class: |
G01S 7/02 20060101
G01S007/02; H04K 3/00 20060101 H04K003/00; H04L 25/06 20060101
H04L025/06 |
Claims
1. An access point, comprising: a radio to receive a waveform,
wherein the waveform comprises a plurality of pulses; a hardware
processor coupled to the radio to determine a model of the received
waveform, wherein to determine a model of the received waveform,
the hardware processor is further to: extract a plurality of
characteristics corresponding to the received waveform; determine a
plurality of parameters, wherein each of the plurality of
parameters is based on a corresponding characteristic of the
plurality of characteristics; construct an output waveform model
based on the plurality of parameters, wherein the output waveform
model corresponds to the received waveform; and transmit the output
waveform model to the hardware processor as an input waveform,
wherein the input waveform is to tune the model; and a dynamic
frequency switching (DFS) module coupled to the hardware processor
to: receive the output waveform model analyze the output waveform
model based on the plurality of pulses by determining that a subset
of the plurality of characteristics corresponding to the received
waveform match a known waveform, and determining that a signal
strength of the received waveform matches a signal strength of the
known waveform; and perform an action based on the analysis of the
output waveform model.
2. (canceled)
3. (canceled)
4. The access point of claim 1, wherein the DFS module to analyze
the output waveform model based on the plurality of pulses
comprises the DFS module to: determine that a subset of the
plurality of characteristics corresponding to the waveform match a
known waveform; determine that a signal strength of the waveform
does not match a signal strength of the known waveform; and based
on the determination that the signal strength of the waveform does
not match the signal strength of the known waveform, determine that
the received waveform is a false positive.
5. The access point of claim 1, wherein the DFS module to perform
an action based on the analysis of the output waveform model
comprises the DFS module to: determine that the analysis of the
output waveform model matches a known waveform; and switch an
operating frequency of the access point based on the determination
that the analysis of the output waveform model matches a known
waveform.
6. The access point of claim 1, wherein the DFS module to perform
an action based on the analysis of the output waveform model
comprises the DFS module to: determine that the analysis of the
output waveform model does not match a known waveform; and refrain
from switching an operating frequency of the access point based on
the determination that the analysis of the output waveform model
does not match a known waveform.
7. The access point of claim 1, wherein the plurality of
characteristics corresponding to the received waveform comprises: a
frequency; a duration; a pulse repetition interval (PRI); a gain;
and a magnitude.
8. The access point of claim 1, further comprising the hardware
processor to transmit the output waveform model to the DFS
module.
9. The access point of claim 1, further comprising the DFS module
to store the output waveform model in hardware of the DFS module as
an input.
10. A non-transitory computer readable medium containing
instructions executable by a processor to: receive a waveform at a
radio of an access point, wherein the waveform comprises a
plurality of pulses; determine a plurality of characteristics of
the received waveform; determine a model of the received waveform
based on the plurality of characteristics, wherein the instructions
to determine a model of the received waveform further comprise
instructions executable to: determine a plurality of parameters,
wherein each of the plurality of parameters is based on a
corresponding characteristic of the plurality of characteristics;
construct an output waveform model based on the plurality of
parameters, wherein the output waveform model corresponds to the
received waveform; and transmit the output waveform model as an
input waveform; analyze the output waveform model based on the
plurality of pulses by determining that a subset of the plurality
of characteristics corresponding to the received waveform match a
known waveform, and determining that a signal strength of the
received waveform matches a signal strength of the known waveform;
and perform an action based on the analysis of the output waveform
model.
11. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 10,
further comprising instructions executable by the processor to:
determine that the output waveform model matches a model of the
plurality of models of known waveforms; and in response, change an
operating frequency of the access point.
12. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 10,
further comprising instructions executable by the processor to:
determine that the output waveform model does not match a model of
the plurality of models of known waveforms; and in response,
refrain from changing an operating frequency of the access
point.
13. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 10,
further comprising instructions executable by the processor to:
store the output waveform model in a log of models of received
waveforms; and retain the stored model of the output waveform model
for future comparison.
14. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 10,
wherein the instructions executable to determine a model of the
received waveform based on the plurality of characteristics further
include instructions executable to: receive the determined
plurality of characteristics; and organize the plurality of
characteristics into a model of the received waveform.
15. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 10,
wherein the instructions executable to compare the output waveform
model with a plurality of models of known waveforms further
comprises instructions executable to: transmit the output waveform
model to a dynamic frequency switching module of the access point;
and determine a categorization of the output waveform model by the
dynamic frequency switching module.
16. A method, comprising: receiving a waveform at a radio of an
access point; transmitting the received waveform to a hardware
processor of the access point; determining a plurality of
characteristics of the received waveform; determining a model of
the received waveform based on the plurality of characteristics,
wherein determining a model of the received waveform further
comprises: determining a plurality of parameters corresponding to
the plurality of characteristics; constructing an output waveform
model based on the plurality of parameters, wherein the output
waveform model corresponds to the received waveform; and
transmitting the output waveform to a hardware processor as an
input waveform; transmitting the output waveform model to a dynamic
frequency switching module of the access point; analyzing the
output waveform model based on the plurality of pulses by
determining that a subset of the plurality of characteristics
corresponding to the received waveform match a known waveform, and
determining that a signal strength of the received waveform matches
a signal strength of the known waveform; and performing an action
based on the analysis of the output waveform model.
17. The method of claim 16, further comprising: analyzing the
output waveform model based on a plurality of pulses of the
received waveform; and storing the output waveform model at a log
of the access point.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein analyzing the output waveform
model further comprises: determining that the output waveform model
matches a model of a plurality of models of known waveforms; and
designate the received waveform as a radar pulse based on the
determination that the output waveform model matches a model of the
plurality of models of known waveforms.
19. The method of claim 17, wherein analyzing the output waveform
model further comprises: determining that the output waveform model
does not match a model of a plurality of models of known waveforms;
and designating the received waveform as a non-radar pulse based on
the determination that the output waveform model does not match a
model of the plurality of models of known waveforms.
20. The method of claim 16, wherein determining a plurality of
characteristics of the received waveform further comprises
extracting information corresponding to the received waveform from
the received waveform.
Description
BACKGROUND
[0001] Access points (APs) may receive wireless signals from both
inside a wireless network and from sources external to the wireless
network. In some examples, externally sourced wireless signals may
be radar signals. Some radar signals are protected radar signals;
that is, some radar signals are regulated, and an AP may not be
permitted to operate on the same channel as a regulated radar
signal, Therefore, an AP may have the ability to detect whether a
particular wireless signal is a regulated, or protected, radar
signal.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0002] FIG. 1 is an example access point for use with a waveform
model consistent with the present disclosure.
[0003] FIG. 2 is another example access point for use with a
waveform model consistent with the present disclosure.
[0004] FIG. 3 is an example system for a waveform model consistent
with the present disclosure.
[0005] FIG. 4 is an example method for a waveform model consistent
with the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0006] Wireless networks may include a number of access points
(APs) to facilitate wireless service to users of the network. An AP
can refer to a networking device that allows a client device to
connect to a wired or wireless network. As used herein, the term
"access point" (AP) can, for example, refer to receiving points for
any known or convenient wireless access technology which may later
become known. Specifically, the term AP is not intended to be
limited to IEEE 802.11-based APs. APs generally function as an
electronic device that is adapted to allow wireless devices to
connect to a wired network via various communications standards. An
AP can include a processing resource, memory, and/or input/output
interfaces, including wired network interfaces such as IEEE 802.3
Ethernet interfaces, as well as wireless network interfaces such as
IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) interfaces, although
examples of the disclosure are not limited to such interfaces. An
AP can include a memory resource, including read-write memory, and
a hierarchy of persistent memory such as ROM, EPROM, and Flash
memory.
[0007] An AP may include a radio. As used herein, a radio refers to
the component of an AP that receives wireless signals, such as
signals from the wireless network in which the AP is operating. A
radio may also receive signals that are not transmitted by the
wireless network. For example, a radio may receive a radar signal.
As used herein, a radar signal may refer to a particular type of
radio wave. Radar signals may operate over a wide range of
frequencies (e.g., 3 MHz to 110 GHz). WLAN operates within the 5
GHz frequency band; thus, the frequency band for WLAN may overlap
with a frequency band used by radar.
[0008] Within the 5 GHz band, an AP in a WLAN may operate on a
variety of channels. As used herein, a channel refers to a
particular data transmission path that may be used to transmit data
by, for example, an AP. A single frequency band may have a
plurality of channels, thus allowing APs to transmit data over
multiple paths while still remaining within the frequency band.
Moreover, an AP may switch between channels. An AP may switch
channels when, for instance, a particular channel is experiencing a
large amount of interference that is affecting the quality of the
wireless service the AP is able to provide, although examples are
not so limited.
[0009] Another reason an AP may switch between channels may be due
to RADAR interference experienced on a particular channel. A radio
of an AP may receive an unknown waveform. As used herein, a
waveform refers to a representation of a particular signal. A
waveform may include information corresponding to the underlying
signal. In some examples, a waveform may be comprised of multiple
pulses. As used herein, a pulse refers to an individual signal
within the overall signal transmitted in the waveform.
[0010] Upon receipt at the radio, the unknown waveform may be
forwarded to a Dynamic Frequency Switching (DFS) module within the
AP. As used herein, a DFS module refers to a radio sub-system that
detects and determines whether a received waveform is a protected
radar waveform. A protected radar waveform refers to a radar
waveform that, if detected on a DFS module, may cause the DFS
module to change an operating frequency of the AP on which the DFS
module is operating. To determine whether a waveform is a protected
radar waveform, a DFS module may utilize a model into which
characteristics of an unknown waveform may be inputted. Based on
the characteristics of the unknown waveform, the DFS module may
determine that the unknown waveform is a protected radar waveform.
In such examples, regulations, often set by a country, may alert
the AP to switch its operating channel to one on which the
protected radar waveform is not operating. By contrast, if the
characteristics of the unknown waveform do not match
characteristics of a protected radar waveform, the DFS module may
determine that the unknown waveform does not correspond to a
protected radar waveform: thus the AP may remain on its current
operating channel.
[0011] In some examples, however, the DFS module may incorrectly
identify a non-protected radar waveform as a protected radar
waveform. This incorrect identification may be referred to as a
false positive. When a false positive occurs, it may be desirable
to adjust or alter the model being used by the DFS module to
determine whether unknown waveforms are protected radar waveforms.
However, altering the model may be time-consuming and expensive.
The model may be complex, meaning that it may need an engineer
familiar with the model to make the adjustments. Moreover, once the
model has been adjusted, it may be desirable to test the adjusted
model to, for example, ensure that the adjustment addresses the
characteristics that led to a false positive result. To do this, a
model of the waveform that was falsely identified as a radar
waveform may be created. Creating a model may involve the use of
specialized equipment, such as a wireless recorder, to retrieve the
characteristics of the waveform. Moreover, for testing to occur, a
created model may be replayed, which may again involve the use of
equipment such as a wireless recorder. As a result, the time
involved to create and replay a waveform may be extensive.
Additionally, while the DFS model may be adjusted, such adjustments
may not carry through when, for example, an update is performed on
the AR As a result, the false positives originally addressed by the
adjustment of the DFS model may not be addressed by the DFS model
after an update.
[0012] A waveform model consistent with the present disclosure, by
contrast, may allow an AP itself to create a model of an unknown
waveform. As described previously, a waveform refers to a
representation of a signal, and may include multiple individual
pulses, A waveform may be received at a radio of an AP. Then,
characteristics of the waveform may be extracted. Based on these
characteristics, a model of the unknown waveform may be created.
The model may include a plurality of parameters that correspond to
the characteristics of the unknown waveform. The model may then be
forwarded to a DFS module for testing and to determine whether the
unknown waveform is a protected radar signal.
[0013] In addition, the model may be converted into an input model
and retransmitted within the AP. This may allow refinement of the
model used to determine whether an unknown pulse is a protected
radar pulse. Said differently, the output model of the unknown
waveform may be reintroduced to the AP for further testing and
refinement. This may allow the AP to refine its DFS model without
an outside source, such as an engineer, performing the
adjustments.
[0014] FIG. 1 is an example access point (AP) 100 for use with a
waveform model consistent with the present disclosure. As described
previously, an AP may refer to a networking device that allows a
client device to connect to a wired or wireless network. AP 100 may
include a radio 102. As described previously, a radio refers to the
component of an AP, such as AP 100, that receives wireless signals.
Thus, radio 102 may receive wireless signals, both from a wireless
network in which AP 100 may be operating, as well as from sources
external to a wireless network, such as a radar pulse. Radio 102
may receive a waveform. In some examples, the waveform may comprise
a plurality of pulses. That is, the waveform received by radio 102
may include a plurality of individual transmissions, or pulses,
that collectively form the waveform. As described previously, the
waveform received by radio 102 may be an external waveform, such as
a radar waveform comprised of radar pulses, or an internal
waveform, such as a wireless transmission by a wireless
network.
[0015] AP 100 may include a hardware processor 104. As used herein,
a hardware processor refers to a system within a device, such as AP
100, that receives inputs, provides outputs, and controls the
function of the device. Radio 102 may be coupled to hardware
processor 104. Thus, hardware processor 104 may, for example,
receive an input from radio 102. In some examples, the input
received at hardware processor 104 may be the waveform received by
radio 102. Upon receipt of an input, such as a received waveform,
hardware processor 104 may determine a model of the received
waveform. Hardware processor 104 is further discussed herein with
respect to FIG. 2.
[0016] AP 100 may further include a dynamic frequency switching
(DFS) module 106. As described previously, a DFS module refers to a
radio sub-system that detects and determines whether a received
waveform is a protected radar waveform. DFS module 106 may be
coupled to hardware processor 104. DFS module 106 may receive a
waveform model from hardware processor 104. In some examples, upon
receipt of a waveform model, such as from hardware processor 104,
DFS module 106 may analyze the waveform model. DFS module 106 is
further discussed herein with respect to FIG. 2.
[0017] FIG. 2 is another example access point 200 for use with a
waveform model consistent with the present disclosure, AP 200 may
be akin to AP 100, discussed with respect to FIG. 1. AP 200 may
include a radio 202. Radio 202 may be akin to radio 102, described
with respect to FIG. 1.
[0018] AP 200 may include a hardware processor 204. Hardware
processor 204 may be akin to hardware processor 104, shown in FIG.
1. Hardware processor 204 may be coupled to hardware processor 202.
As described with respect to FIG. 1, hardware processor 204 may
determine a model of a waveform. In some examples, hardware
processor 204 may determine a model of a received waveform, where
the received waveform is the waveform received by radio 202. To
determine a model of a received waveform, such as a waveform
received by radio 202, hardware processor 204 may engage in
additional steps, such as steps 208, 210, 212, 214, or a
combination thereof, with respect to the received waveform.
[0019] At 208, hardware processor 204 may extract a plurality of
characteristics corresponding to the received waveform. As used
herein, a characteristic refers to a particular feature of the
waveform. Hardware processor 204 may extract a frequency of the
waveform at 208. As used herein, a frequency refers to the
particular waveband at which a signal is transmitted. A particular
waveband may transmit energy (e.g., a waveform) at a particular
rate of vibration. Therefore, frequency may correspond to the rate
of vibration of the energy that constitutes the waveform. Hardware
processor 204 may also extract a duration of the waveform. As used
herein, a duration refers to an amount of time over which something
occurs. For example, a waveform may have a duration during which a
pulse or a plurality of pulses is transmitted. A greater duration
may correspond to a longer waveform and/or a greater number of
pulses being transmitted.
[0020] In some examples, a pulse repetition interval (PRI) may be
extracted at 208. As used herein, a PRI refers to an amount of time
between a beginning of one pulse and a beginning of a subsequent
pulse. Said differently, a PRI refers to the time that elapses
between the beginning of a first pulse and the beginning of a
second pulse. A greater PRI corresponds to a greater amount of time
between two consecutive pulses, and thus fewer pulses transmitted
in a particular period of time. Conversely, a smaller PRI
corresponds to a lesser amount of time between two consecutive
pulses, and thus more pulses transmitted in a particular period of
time,
[0021] Hardware processor 204 may further extract a gain at 208. As
used herein, a gain refers to a ratio of a signal output to a
signal input. Gain may correspond to an increase in power level
between the signal input and the signal output, and may occur via
an amplifier, although examples are not so limited, Hardware
processor 204 may additionally extract a magnitude. As used herein,
a magnitude refers to an amount above a baseline, such as zero,
that a wave of signal is. A greater magnitude may correspond to a
greater amount above the baseline. Magnitude may describe the
energy of the waveform, with a greater magnitude indicating a
greater amount of energy contained within the waveform.
[0022] At 210, hardware processor 204 may determine a plurality of
parameters. As used herein, a parameter refers to a measurable
factor that forms part of a set that defines a system and/or sets
conditions for operation of the system. A parameter may be a
numerical value, although examples are not so limited. Each of the
plurality of parameters may be based on a corresponding
characteristic of the plurality of characteristics. In some
examples, the plurality of characteristics may be the plurality of
characteristics extracted by the hardware processor 204 at 208.
Thus, separate parameters may be determined at 210 for frequency,
duration, PRI, gain, magnitude, and/or a combination or subset
thereof.
[0023] At 212, hardware processor 208 may construct an output
waveform model. As used herein, an output waveform model refers to
a waveform model determined by hardware processor 208. The output
waveform model determined at 212 may be constructed based on the
plurality of parameters determined at 210. Said differently, the
output waveform model determined at 212 may be constructed using
the determined parameters, such that the output waveform model
represents a waveform meeting the parameters determined at 210.
Moreover, as the plurality of parameters determined at 210 may
correspond to the plurality of characteristics of the received
waveform extracted at 208, the output waveform model constructed at
212 may correspond to the received waveform. That is, the output
waveform model constructed by hardware processor 208 may be a model
of the received waveform model received by radio 202.
[0024] At 214, hardware processor 208 may transmit the output
waveform to the hardware processor as an input waveform. That is,
hardware processor 208 may convert the output waveform constructed
at 212 to an input waveform, such that hardware processor 208 is
able to receive the output waveform. Upon receipt of the new input
waveform, hardware processor 208 may repeat steps 208, 210, and/or
212. That is, hardware processor 208 may extract a plurality of
characteristics, determine a plurality of parameters, and/or
construct an output waveform. This may aid hardware processor 208
in tuning the model. As used herein, tuning the model refers to
refinement of a model to increase accuracy thereof. Thus, by
receiving the output waveform as an input waveform at 214, hardware
processor 208 may perform additional refinement of the output
waveform, as well as change the mechanisms by which subsequent
output waveform models may be constructed. Moreover, hardware
processor 208 may transmit an output waveform model, such as a
model constructed at 212, to a DFS module, such as DFS module
206.
[0025] AP 200 may further include a DFS module 206. DFS module 206
may be akin to DFS module 106, described with respect to FIG. 1. As
previously discussed, a DFS module refers to a radio sub-system
that detects and determines whether a received waveform is a
protected radar waveform. DFS module 206 may be coupled to hardware
processor 204, and may receive an output waveform model from
hardware processor 204. In some examples, the output waveform model
received by DFS module 206 may be the output waveform model
constructed by hardware processor 204 at 212.
[0026] DFS module 206 may further analyze the output waveform
model. In some examples, DFS module 206 may analyze the output
waveform model based on the plurality of pulses. That is, DFS
module 206 may use the plurality of pulses making up the original
waveform received by radio 202 to analyze the output waveform
model. DFS module 206 may determine that a subset of the plurality
of parameters of the output waveform model match parameters of a
known waveform. Said differently, DFS module 206 may compare the
plurality of parameters used to construct the output waveform model
to parameters of known waveforms. The known waveforms may be stored
within DFS module 206, and may correspond to waveforms known to
correspond to, for instance, radar pulses, although examples are
not so limited. DFS module 206 may then determine that a subset of
the plurality of parameters of the output waveform model match the
corresponding parameters of a known waveform.
[0027] Upon a determination that a subset of the plurality of
parameters of the output waveform model match a known waveform, DFS
module 206 may further compare a signal strength of the output
waveform model to the signal strength of the known waveform.
Comparing the signal strength of the output waveform model with the
signal strength of the known waveform (i.e., the waveform with
which the subset of the plurality of parameters matched) may serve
to confirm at the DFS module 206 that the output waveform model
corresponds to the known waveform. A signal strength match between
the output waveform model and the known waveform may alert the DFS
module 206 that the received waveform, used to construct the output
waveform model, is akin to the known waveform. In some examples, a
determination that the signal strength of the output waveform model
matches the signal strength of the known waveform may cause a
determination that the output waveform model corresponds to a
protected radar waveform.
[0028] A comparison of the signal strength of the output waveform
model with the signal strength of the known waveform by DFS module
206 may also indicate a mismatch between the output waveform model
and the known waveform model. That is, a signal strength of an
output waveform model may differ from the signal strength of the
known waveform model, even when other parameters of the output
waveform model match corresponding parameters of the known waveform
model. In some examples, a disparity between the signal strength of
the output waveform model and the known waveform model may indicate
a non-protected radar waveform. Said differently, DFS module 206
may determine that the output waveform model is a false positive.
As described previously, a false positive refers to an incorrect
identification of a non-protected radar waveform as a protected
radar waveform. DFS module 206 may determine that the output
waveform model is a false positive based on the signal strength of
the output waveform model not matching the signal strength of the
known waveform model, A non-protected radar waveform may have
similar or identical parameters to a protected radar waveform, with
the difference between the non-protected and the protected radar
waveforms being the signal strength of the waveforms. Thus, while
DFS module 206 may initially identify a non-protected radar
waveform as a protected radar waveform based on a subset of the
plurality of parameters of the output waveform model matching
corresponding parameters of the known waveform. DFS module 206 may
then compare signal strength to determine whether the output
waveform model corresponds to a protected radar waveform or whether
the output waveform model corresponds to a non-protected radar
waveform.
[0029] Based on the analysis of the output waveform model, DFS
module 206 may perform an action. In some examples, the action
performed by DFS module 206 may be dependent on the results of the
analysis of the output waveform model. When the analysis performed
by DFS module 206 leads to a determination by DFS module 206 that
the output waveform model matches a known waveform, DFS module 206
may switch an operating frequency of AP 200. As described
previously, a determination that the output waveform model matches
a known waveform may indicate that the received waveform
(represented by the output waveform model) is a protected radar
waveform. When the output waveform model is determined to
correspond to a protected radar waveform, DFS module 206 may move
the operating frequency of AP 200 to comply with the particular
operating regulations of the country in which AP 200 is
operating.
[0030] By contrast, when the analysis performed by DFS module 206
leads to a determination by DFS module 206 that the output waveform
model does not match a known waveform, DFS module 206 may refrain
from switching an operating frequency of AP 200. Said differently,
when DFS module 206 determines that the output waveform model is
either a total mismatch to a known waveform (i.e., none of the
parameters of the output waveform model match a known waveform) or
is a false positive, DFS module 206 may maintain the operating
frequency of AP 200.
[0031] DFS module 206 may further store the output waveform model.
In some examples, the output waveform model may be stored in
hardware of the DFS module 206. Storing the output waveform model
in hardware of the DFS module 206 may allow DFS module 206 to
retain the output waveform model through updates performed to both
DFS module 206 and to AP 200. Therefore, DFS module 206 may be able
to compare future received output waveform models to the stored
output waveform model to assist in determining a status of a
received output waveform model.
[0032] FIG. 3 is an example system 316 for a waveform model
consistent with the present disclosure. System 316 may include a
processor 318. System 316 may further include a non-transitory
computer readable medium 320, on which may be stored instructions,
such as instructions 322, 324, 326, 328, and 330. Although the
following descriptions refer to a single processor and a single
memory, the descriptions may also apply to a system with multiple
processors and multiple memories. In such examples, the
instructions may be distributed (e.g., stored) across multiple
non-transitory computer readable mediums and the instructions may
be distributed (e.g., executed by) across multiple processors.
[0033] Processor 318 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a
semiconductor based microprocessor, and/or other hardware devices
suitable for retrieval and execution of instructions stored in
non-transitory computer readable medium 320. Processor 318 may
fetch, decode, and execute instructions 322, 324, 326, 328, 330, or
a combination thereof. As an alternative or in addition to
retrieving and executing instructions, processor 318 may include at
least one electronic circuit that includes electronic components
for performing the functionality of instructions 322, 324, 326,
328, 330, or a combination thereof.
[0034] Non-transitory computer readable medium 320 may be
electronic, magnetic, optical, or other physical storage device
that stores executable instructions. Thus non-transitory computer
readable medium 320 may be, for example, Random Access Memory
(RAM), an Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory
(EEPROM), a storage drive, an optical disc, and the like
Non-transitory computer readable medium 320 may be disposed within
system 316, as shown in FIG. 3. In this example, the executable
instructions may be "installed" on the system. Additionally and/or
alternatively, non-transitory computer readable medium 320 may be a
portable, external or remote storage medium, for example, that
allows system 316 to download the instructions from the
portable/external/remote storage medium. In this situation, the
executable instructions may be part of an "installation package".
As described herein, non-transitory computer readable medium 20 may
be encoded with executable instructions for a waveform model.
[0035] Instructions 322, when executed by a processor such as
processor 318, may include instructions to receive a waveform at a
radio of an AR The AP may be AP 100, discussed with respect to FIG.
1, or AP 200, discussed with respect to FIG. 2. The waveform may
comprise a plurality of pulses. That is, the waveform may be made
up of a series of individual pulses.
[0036] Instructions 324, when executed by processor 318, may
include instructions to determine a plurality of characteristics of
the received waveform. As described with respect to FIG. 2, a
characteristic refers to a particular feature of a waveform. In
some examples, processor 318 may extract a plurality of
characteristics from the waveform received at the radio of the
access point. The plurality of characteristics may include a
frequency of the waveform, a duration of the waveform, a PRI of the
pulses comprising the waveform, a gain, and/or a magnitude,
although examples are not so limited.
[0037] Instructions 326, when executed by processor 318, may
include instructions to determine a model of the received waveform.
In some examples, the instructions to determine a model of the
received waveform may include instructions to determine a plurality
of parameters. As described previously, a parameter refers to a
measurable factor forming part of a set defining a system. Each
parameter of the plurality of parameters may correspond to a
particular characteristic of the plurality of characteristics
determined by instructions 324. Thus, for example, a frequency
determined as a characteristic by instruction 324 may have a
corresponding frequency parameter determined by instructions 326. A
parameter may be determined for each of the characteristics
determined by instruction 324; however, examples are not so limited
and a parameter may be determined for a subset of the
characteristics.
[0038] Instructions 326 may further include instructions to
construct an output waveform model. In some examples, the output
waveform model may be constructed based on the plurality of
parameters. That is, the output waveform may be constructed using
the plurality of parameters, such that the plurality of parameters
define the output waveform model. Because the plurality of
parameters corresponds to the plurality of characteristics of the
received waveform determined by instructions 324, the output
waveform model constructed using the plurality of parameters may
correspond to the received waveform. Said differently, the output
waveform model may correspond to the waveform model received by
instructions 322 due to the plurality of parameters corresponding
to characteristics of the received waveform model.
[0039] In some examples, instructions 326 may include instructions
to receive the plurality of characteristics. The plurality of
characteristics may be the plurality of characteristics of the
received waveform model determined by instructions 324.
Instructions 326 may further include instructions to organize the
plurality of characteristics into a model of the received waveform.
That is, instructions 326 may include instructions to construct a
model of the received waveform using the plurality of
characteristics determined by instructions 324. In such examples,
the model of the received waveform may be constructed without the
use of a plurality of parameters corresponding to the plurality of
characteristics; rather, the model of the received waveform may be
determined using the actual characteristics of the received
waveform.
[0040] Instructions 326 may include further instructions to
transmit the output waveform model as an input waveform model. In
some examples, the output waveform model may be transmitted as an
input waveform model to the radio of the AP. Upon receipt of the
input waveform model, instructions 322, 324, and/or 326 may be
re-executed by processor 318. That is, the input waveform model may
be received at a radio of an AP (instructions 322), a plurality of
characteristics of the input waveform model may be determined
(instructions 324), and/or a model of the input waveform model may
be determined (instructions 326). As described with respect to FIG.
2, transmitting the output waveform model as an input waveform
model may assist in tuning the system (such as system 316) and
refining the model.
[0041] Instructions 328, when executed by processor 318, may
include instructions to analyze the output waveform model. In some
examples, the output waveform model may be analyzed based on the
plurality of pulses. That is, when the waveform received by
instructions 322 is a waveform made up of a plurality of pulses,
the output waveform model may reflect this particular
characteristic of the received waveform; thus, the output waveform
model may be analyzed based on this plurality of pulses. Analysis
of the output waveform model may include analyzing the plurality of
parameters and/or characteristics that make up the output waveform
model.
[0042] Instructions 330, when executed by processor 318, may
include instructions to determine a correspondence between the
output waveform model and a plurality of models of known waveforms.
The plurality of models of known waveforms may be stored in
processor 318 and may include models of protected radar waveforms.
In some examples, the instructions to determine a correspondence
may be based on the analysis of the model of the output waveform
model. Determining a correspondence between the output waveform
model and a plurality of models of known waveforms may include
determining that a subset of the plurality of parameters of the
output waveform model match a corresponding subset of a plurality
of parameters of a known waveform model. In such examples, a signal
strength of the output waveform model may further be compared to
the signal strength of the known waveform model.
[0043] In some examples, instructions 330 may include instructions
to transmit the output waveform model to a DFS module of the access
point. The DFS module may be akin to DFS module 106, described with
respect to FIG. 1, and/or DFS module 206, described with respect to
FIG. 2. As previously described, a DFS module is a radio sub-system
that determines whether a received waveform is a protected radar
waveform. Instructions 330 may include further include instructions
to determine a categorization of the output waveform model. The
categorization of the output waveform model may occur at the DFS
module. In some examples, DFS module may categorize the output
waveform as a protected radar waveform, a non-protected radar
waveform, or a non-radar waveform, although examples are not so
limited.
[0044] System 316 may include instructions to determine that the
output waveform model matches a model of the plurality of models of
known waveforms. The output waveform model may be determined to
match a known waveform model based on the determination of a
correspondence between the output waveform model and the plurality
of known waveform models by instruction 330. In some examples, the
output waveform model may be determined to match a known waveform
model based on a subset of the plurality of parameters of the
output waveform model matching corresponding parameters of the
known waveform models and a signal strength of the output waveform
model matching a signal strength of the known waveform model.
[0045] In some examples, the known waveform model may correspond to
a protected radar waveform. As described previously, a protected
radar waveform to a radar waveform that, if detected, may cause a
change in an operating frequency of the AP on which the waveform
was detected or received. In such examples, system 316 may further
include instructions to change an operating frequency of the access
point, The change in operating frequency of the access point may
occur in response to the determination that the output waveform
model matches a model of the plurality of waveform models.
[0046] System 318 may further include instructions executable by
processor 318 to determine that the output waveform model does not
match a model of the plurality of models of known waveforms. In
some examples, the determination that the output waveform model
does not match a known waveform model may be based on a
determination that a plurality of parameters of the output waveform
model differs from a corresponding plurality of parameters of a
known waveform model. In such examples, the output waveform model
may be determined to correspond to a non-radar waveform.
[0047] In some examples, the determination that the output waveform
model does not match a known waveform model does not match a model
of the plurality of known waveform models may be based on a signal
strength of the output waveform model not matching a signal
strength of a known waveform model, In such examples, a subset of
parameters of the output waveform model may first be determined to
correspond to a known waveform model (by, for example, instructions
330). Upon a determination that a subset of parameters of the
output waveform model match a corresponding subset of parameters of
a known waveform model, the signal strengths of the two models may
be compared. As described previously, a disparity between the
signal strength of the output waveform model and the known waveform
model may indicate a non-protected radar waveform, or a false
positive.
[0048] Upon a determination that the output waveform model does not
match a known, or protected, waveform, system 316 may include
instructions executable to refrain from changing an operating
frequency of the access point. In some examples, the operating
frequency of the access point may not be changed in response to the
determination that the output waveform model does not match a
protected radar waveform.
[0049] System 316 may further include instructions executable by
processor 318 to store the output waveform model. In some examples,
the output waveform model may be stored within processor 318, The
output waveform model may be stored in a log of models of received
waveforms. In some examples, hardware processor 318 may further
retain the stored model of the output waveform model. This may
allow for comparison of future waveform models with the stored
model of the output waveform model.
[0050] FIG. 4 is an example method 432 for a waveform model
consistent with the present disclosure. At 434, method 432 may
include receiving a waveform. The waveform may be received at a
radio of an AP, such as radio 102 or radio 202, described with
respect to FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively. The waveform may be an
external waveform, with a source external to a wireless network in
which the AP is operating, or an internal waveform, from within the
wireless network. In some examples, the waveform may be comprised
of a plurality of pulses, and the radio may receive each of the
plurality of pulses.
[0051] At 436, method 432 may include transmitting the received
waveform. The received waveform may be transmitted to a hardware
processor, such as hardware processor 104, described with respect
to FIG. 1, or hardware processor 204, described with respect to
FIG. 2. In some examples, the hardware processor may be located on
the access point, and may be coupled to the radio at which the
waveform was received.
[0052] At 438, method 432 may include determining a plurality of
characteristics of the received waveform. The plurality of
characteristics may be determined by the hardware processor upon
receipt of the received waveform at 436. In some examples,
determining a plurality of characteristics of the received waveform
may comprise extracting information corresponding to the received
waveform from the received waveform. That is, determining a
plurality of characteristics at 438 may include retrieving
information contained within the received waveform that describe
features of the waveform.
[0053] At 440, method 432 may include determining a model of the
received waveform. In some examples, the model may be determined by
the hardware processor. The model of the received waveform may be
determined based on the characteristics of the received waveform
determined at 438. That is, the characteristics of the received
waveform determined at 438 may be used to construct a model of the
received waveform at 440.
[0054] In some examples, determining a model of the received
waveform at 440 may include determining a plurality of parameters.
As described previously, the plurality of parameters may correspond
to the plurality of characteristics, such that each of the
plurality of parameters may have a corresponding characteristic. In
some examples, the plurality of parameters may be determined by the
hardware processor and may be based on the plurality of
characteristics determined at 438.
[0055] Determining a model of the received waveform at 440 may
further include constructing an output waveform model. In some
examples, the output waveform model may be constructed based on the
plurality of parameters. In such examples, the output waveform
model may correspond to the received waveform. That is, the output
waveform model may share a plurality of characteristics, and thus
parameters, with the received waveform model.
[0056] In some examples, determining a model of the received
waveform at 440 may include transmitting the output waveform model
to a hardware processor as an input waveform model. The hardware
processor to receive the input waveform model may be the hardware
processor that received the waveform from the radio of the access
point. Examples are not so limited, however, and the hardware
processor may be a different hardware processor. In some examples,
transmitting the output waveform model to a hardware processor as
an input waveform model may cause the hardware processor to
re-engage in 438 and/or 440 of method 432. That is, the hardware
processor may determine a plurality of characteristics of the input
waveform model (block 438) and/or may determine a model of the
input waveform (block 440). This may allow the hardware processor
to refine the output waveform model.
[0057] At 442, method 432 may include transmitting the output
waveform. The output waveform may be transmitted to a DFS module of
the access point. The DFS module may be akin to DFS module 106,
described with respect to FIG. 1, or DFS module 206, described with
respect to FIG. 2. As described previously, the DFS module may
receive the output waveform to determine a categorization of the
output waveform.
[0058] Method 432 may further include analyzing the output waveform
model. The output waveform model may be analyzed at the DFS module
upon receipt of the output waveform model at the DFS module. In
some examples, the output waveform model may be analyzed based on a
plurality of pulses of the received waveform. That is, the output
waveform model may be analyzed based on the pulses that made up the
received waveform.
[0059] In some examples, analyzing the output waveform model may
include determining that the output waveform model matches a model
of a plurality of models of known waveforms. The known waveform
models may be stored within the DFS module and may include models
of waveforms known to correspond to protected radar waveforms.
Determining that the output waveform model matches a known model
may include comparing a subset of a plurality of parameters of the
output waveform model with the corresponding subset of a plurality
of parameters for each of the models of the plurality of known
models.
[0060] Upon a determination that a subset of the plurality of
parameters of he output waveform model match a known waveform,
determining that the output waveform model matches a known model
may further comprise comparing a signal strength of the output
waveform model to the signal strength of the known waveform.
Comparing the signal strength of the output waveform model with the
signal strength of the known waveform (i.e., the waveform with
which the subset of the plurality of parameters matched) may serve
to confirm that the output waveform model corresponds to the known
waveform. Moreover, a signal strength match between the output
waveform model and the known waveform may alert the DFS module that
the output waveform model, and thus the received waveform,
corresponds to a radar pulse. In some examples, the designation of
the received waveform as a radar pulse may occur based on the
determination that the output waveform model matches a model of the
plurality of models of known waveforms. Designating the received
waveform as a radar pulse may further include designating the
received waveform as corresponding to a protected radar pulse. In
such examples, the DFS module may switch an operating frequency of
the access point.
[0061] In some examples, analyzing the output waveform model may
further comprise determining that the output waveform model does
not match a model of a plurality of models of known waveforms.
Determining that the output waveform model does not match a known
waveform model may be based on a comparison of a subset of the
plurality of parameters of the output waveform models with a
corresponding subset of a plurality of parameters of known waveform
models. In some examples, the subset of the plurality of parameters
of the output waveform model may be determined to not match a
corresponding subset of the plurality of parameters for the
plurality of known waveform models. In such examples, the mismatch
between the output waveform model and the plurality of known
waveform models may cause the received waveform to be designated as
a non-radar waveform.
[0062] In other examples, the determination that the output
waveform model does not match a known waveform model does not match
a model of the plurality of known waveform models may be based on a
signal strength of the output waveform model not matching a signal
strength of a known waveform model. In such examples, a subset of
parameters of the output waveform model may first be determined to
correspond to a known waveform model. Upon a determination that a
subset of parameters of the output waveform model match a
corresponding subset of parameters of a known waveform model, the
signal strengths of the two models may be compared. As described
previously, a disparity between the signal strength of the output
waveform model and the known waveform model may indicate a
non-protected radar waveform, or a false positive. In such
examples, the received waveform may be designated as a non-radar
pulse based on the determination that the output waveform model
does not match a model of the plurality of known waveform
models.
[0063] Method 432 may further comprise storing the output waveform
model at a log of the AP. The log of the AP may be located on the
hardware processor of the AP and/or on the DFS module of the AP,
although examples are not so limited. In some examples, the log may
be located within hardware of the AP, such that the AP may retain
the log after updates are performed to the AP. The log may comprise
previously received output waveform models, and may allow the AP to
compare future output waveform models to the log of output waveform
models. This may assist with categorization of output waveform
models.
[0064] In the foregoing detail description of the present
disclosure, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that
form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration
how examples of the disclosure may be practiced. These examples are
described in sufficient detail to enable those of ordinary skill in
the art to practice the examples of this disclosure, and it is to
be understood that other examples may be utilized and that
structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of
the present disclosure.
[0065] The figures herein follow a numbering convention in which
the first digit corresponds to the drawing figure number and the
remaining digits identify an element or component in the drawing.
Elements shown in the various figures herein can be added,
exchanged, and/or eliminated so as to provide a number of
additional examples of the present disclosure. In addition, the
proportion and the relative scale of the elements provided in the
figures are intended to illustrate the examples of the present
disclosure, and should not be taken in a limiting sense. Further,
as used herein, "a number of" an element and/or feature can refer
to any number of such elements and/or features.
* * * * *