U.S. patent application number 16/049277 was filed with the patent office on 2019-04-18 for electromagnetic driving module.
The applicant listed for this patent is TDK TAIWAN CORP.. Invention is credited to Shu-Shan CHEN, Liang-Ting HO, Chao-Chang HU, Cheng-Kai YU.
Application Number | 20190115818 16/049277 |
Document ID | / |
Family ID | 66097110 |
Filed Date | 2019-04-18 |
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United States Patent
Application |
20190115818 |
Kind Code |
A1 |
YU; Cheng-Kai ; et
al. |
April 18, 2019 |
ELECTROMAGNETIC DRIVING MODULE
Abstract
An electromagnetic driving module is provided, including a first
member, a second member movably connected to the first member, an
electromagnetic driving assembly, and a film. The electromagnetic
driving assembly includes a magnet and a coil respectively disposed
on the first and second members, so as to move the second member
relative to the first member. The film is disposed on a side of the
magnet to reduce magnetic interference between the magnet and a
magnetic element, wherein the magnetic permeability of the film is
higher than the magnetic permeability of the first member.
Inventors: |
YU; Cheng-Kai; (Taoyuan
City, TW) ; HO; Liang-Ting; (Taoyuan City, TW)
; CHEN; Shu-Shan; (Taoyuan City, TW) ; HU;
Chao-Chang; (Taoyuan City, TW) |
|
Applicant: |
Name |
City |
State |
Country |
Type |
TDK TAIWAN CORP. |
Taoyuan City |
|
TW |
|
|
Family ID: |
66097110 |
Appl. No.: |
16/049277 |
Filed: |
July 30, 2018 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
1/1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H02K 11/022 20130101;
H02K 11/215 20160101; H02K 41/0356 20130101; G03B 3/10 20130101;
G03B 5/02 20130101; G03B 2205/0069 20130101; G03B 13/36 20130101;
G03B 2205/0015 20130101; G03B 5/04 20130101 |
International
Class: |
H02K 41/035 20060101
H02K041/035; H02K 11/22 20060101 H02K011/22; H02K 11/215 20060101
H02K011/215; G03B 13/36 20060101 G03B013/36; G03B 5/04 20060101
G03B005/04 |
Foreign Application Data
Date |
Code |
Application Number |
Oct 18, 2017 |
CN |
201710970671.4 |
Claims
1. An electromagnetic driving module, comprising: a first member; a
second member, movably connected to the first member; an
electromagnetic driving assembly, comprising a magnet and a coil
respectively disposed on the first member and the second member, to
move the second member relative to the first member; and a film,
disposed on a side of the magnet to reduce magnetic interference
between the magnet and a magnetic element, wherein the magnetic
permeability of the film is higher than the magnetic permeability
of the first member.
2. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 1,
further comprising two films formed on opposite sides of the first
member.
3. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 1,
further comprising two films formed on the same side of the first
member.
4. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 3,
further comprising a middle layer formed between the films, wherein
the magnetic permeability of the film is higher than the magnetic
permeability of the middle layer.
5. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 4,
wherein the middle layer comprises polymer, ceramic or metal
material.
6. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 4,
wherein the middle layer comprises diamagnetic material.
7. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 4,
wherein the middle layer comprises Au, Cu, Ag, Pb, Zn or an alloy
thereof.
8. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the film comprises ferromagnetic material.
9. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the film comprises Fe, Ni, Co or an alloy thereof.
10. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the film is formed on the first member by electroplating,
evaporation coating, sputtering or molded interconnect device (MID)
technology.
11. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the film is formed on the first member and located between
the first member and the magnet.
12. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 1,
further comprising a housing with the first member, the second
member, and the electromagnetic driving assembly received therein,
wherein the film is formed on the first member and located between
the first member and the housing.
13. An electromagnetic driving module, comprising: a first member;
a second member, movably connected to the first member; an
electromagnetic driving assembly, comprising a magnet and a coil
respectively disposed on the first member and the second member, to
move the second member relative to the first member; and a film,
disposed on the magnet and located between the magnet and a
magnetic element, to reduce magnetic interference between the
magnet and the magnetic element.
14. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 13,
further comprising a magnetic field sensing element disposed on the
first member or the second member to detect the position of the
magnetic element.
15. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 13,
wherein the film is disposed at an end of the magnet.
16. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 13,
wherein the magnet has a cuboid structure, and the film is extended
on at least two adjacent surfaces of the cuboid structure.
17. An electromagnetic driving module, comprising: a first member;
a second member, movably connected to the first member; an
electromagnetic driving assembly, comprising a magnet and a coil
respectively disposed on the first member and the second member, to
move the second member relative to the first member; a housing,
wherein the first member, the second member, and the
electromagnetic driving assembly are disposed in the housing; and a
film, formed on the housing to reduce magnetic interference between
the magnet and a magnetic element outside the electromagnetic
driving module, wherein the magnetic permeability of the film is
different from the magnetic permeability of the housing.
18. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 17,
wherein the housing is located between the film and the magnet.
19. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 17,
wherein the housing comprises metal or plastic material.
20. The electromagnetic driving module as claimed in claim 17,
wherein the film is formed on the housing by electroplating,
evaporation coating, sputtering or molded interconnect device (MID)
technology.
Description
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] The present application claims priority of China Patent
Application No. 201710970671.4, filed on Oct. 18, 2017, the
entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
[0002] The invention relates to a driving module, and more
particularly to an electromagnetic driving module that can move a
lens using electromagnetic force.
Description of the Related Art
[0003] Conventional photo cameras, video cameras, and mobile phones
usually comprise an optical system for capturing images. The
optical system may vibrate due to external impact and cause
deviation of the optical path, causing the images captured by the
optical system to be blurry. Taiwan patent No. 1457693 discloses a
conventional optical image stabilization device. When the autofocus
function is executed, a current is applied to the coil, and
electromagnetic induction occurs between the coil and the magnet,
so that the holder moves with respect to the base along the optical
axis of the optical system. Two displacement sensors are disposed
in the device to detect the position of the optical axis along the
X and Y directions. When the optical axis deviates from the norm,
electromagnetic induction can occur between the coils and the
magnets, corresponding to the X and Y axes, so as to correct the
position of the optical axis. However, owing to the miniaturization
of the coils, the magnets, and the displacement sensors, magnetic
interference may easily occur between the magnets and other
magnetic elements and affect the performance of the optical
mechanism.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0004] In view of the aforementioned problems, an object of the
invention is to provide an electromagnetic driving module that
includes a first member, a second member movably connected to the
first member, an electromagnetic driving assembly, and a film. The
electromagnetic driving assembly includes a magnet and a coil
respectively disposed on the first and second members, so as to
move the second member relative to the first member. The film is
disposed on a side of the magnet to reduce the magnetic
interference between the magnet and a magnetic element, wherein the
magnetic permeability of the film is higher than the magnetic
permeability of the first member.
[0005] An embodiment of the invention further provides an
electromagnetic driving module, including a first member, a second
member movably connected to the first member, an electromagnetic
driving assembly, and a film. The electromagnetic driving assembly
includes a magnet and a coil respectively disposed on the first
member and the second member to move the second member relative to
the first member. The film is disposed on the magnet and located
between the magnet and a magnetic element, to reduce the magnetic
interference between the magnet and the magnetic element.
[0006] An embodiment of the invention further provides an
electromagnetic driving module, including a first member, a second
member movably connected to the first member, an electromagnetic
driving assembly, a film, and a housing. The electromagnetic
driving assembly includes a magnet and a coil respectively disposed
on the first member and the second member to move the second member
relative to the first member. The first member, the second member,
and the electromagnetic driving assembly are disposed in the
housing. The film is formed on the housing to reduce magnetic
interference between the magnet and a magnetic element outside the
electromagnetic driving module, wherein the magnetic permeability
of the film is different from the magnetic permeability of the
housing.
[0007] In order to illustrate the purposes, features, and
advantages of the invention, the preferred embodiments and drawings
of the invention are shown in detail as follows.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] The invention can be more fully understood by reading the
subsequent detailed description and examples with references made
to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0009] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electromagnetic driving
system, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[0010] FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an electromagnetic driving
module 2 in FIG. 1.
[0011] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view take along the line A-A' in
FIG. 1.
[0012] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic
driving module, in accordance with another embodiment of the
invention.
[0013] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the portion C in FIG. 4.
[0014] FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of an
electromagnetic driving module, in accordance with another
embodiment of the invention.
[0015] FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of an
electromagnetic driving module, in accordance with another
embodiment of the invention.
[0016] FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of an
electromagnetic driving module, in accordance with another
embodiment of the invention.
[0017] FIGS. 9 and 10 are schematic views show the relative
position of the coil, the magnets, the films, the magnetic field
sensing elements, and the magnetic element in an electromagnetic
driving module, in accordance with an embodiment of the
invention.
[0018] FIG. 11 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of an
electromagnetic driving module, in accordance with another
embodiment of the invention.
[0019] FIG. 12 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of an
electromagnetic driving module, in accordance with another
embodiment of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0020] The making and using of the embodiments of an
electromagnetic driving system are discussed in detail below. It
should be appreciated, however, that the embodiments provide many
applicable inventive concepts that can be embodied in a wide
variety of specific contexts. The specific embodiments discussed
are merely illustrative of specific ways to make and use the
embodiments, and do not limit the scope of the disclosure.
[0021] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms
used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of
ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It
should be appreciated that each term, which is defined in a
commonly used dictionary, should be interpreted as having a meaning
conforming to the relative skills and the background or the context
of the present disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an
idealized or overly formal manner unless defined otherwise.
[0022] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, wherein FIG. 1 is a schematic
view of an electromagnetic driving system 1 in accordance with an
embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an
electromagnetic driving module 2 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a
cross-sectional view take along the line A-A' in FIG. 1. In this
embodiment, two electromagnetic driving modules 2 of the
electromagnetic driving system 1 may be provided in handheld
digital products such as mobile phones or tablet PCs and arranged
side-by-side in a long-axis direction (the X-axis direction). The
two electromagnetic driving modules 2 are, for example, voice coil
motors (VCM) having the same specification and equipped with an
optical image stabilizer (OIS) function, but the invention is not
limited thereto. In some embodiments, the two electromagnetic
driving modules 2 of the electromagnetic driving system 1 may also
have different specifications and be equipped with auto-focus (AF)
and OIS functions.
[0023] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, each electromagnetic driving
module 2 in this embodiment includes a top casing 10, a base 20, a
holder 30, a coil 40, a frame 50, four magnets 60, an upper spring
70, a lower spring 72, four suspension wires 74, a circuit board
80, a driving board 90, and two magnetic field sensing elements
92.
[0024] The top casing 10 has a hollow structure. Also, the top
casing 10 can be combined with the base 20 to form a housing F of
the electromagnetic driving module 2, wherein the top casing 10
constitutes a top wall 10A and four sidewalls 10B of the housing F,
and the base 20 constitutes a bottom wall 20A of the housing F. In
addition, a top casing opening 12 and a base opening 22 are
respectively formed on the top casing 10 and the base 20. The
center of the top casing opening 12 is located on an optical axis O
(parallel to the Z-axis) of a lens (not shown). The base opening 22
is also located on the optical axis O and faces an image sensor
(not shown) placed outside the electromagnetic driving module 2.
Accordingly, the lens in the electromagnetic driving module 2 and
the image sensor can perform image focusing in the direction of the
optical axis O.
[0025] The frame 50 (first member) has an opening 52 and four frame
edges 50A respectively corresponding to the four sidewalls 10B of
the housing F. In this embodiment, the four magnets 60 are affixed
to the four frame edges 50A. In some embodiments, the four magnets
60 may also be affixed to four corners of the frame 50. The shape
of the magnets 60 may be a long strip or a triangle.
[0026] The holder 30 (second member) has a annular structure and a
through hole 32. The through hole 32 forms a threaded structure
(not shown) corresponding to another threaded structure on the
outer peripheral surface of the lens, such that the lens can be
secured in the through hole 32. The coil 40 is wound around the
outer peripheral surface of the holder 30.
[0027] In this embodiment, the holder 30 and the lens therein are
movably disposed in the frame 50. More specifically, the holder 30
is suspended in the center of the frame 50 by the upper spring 70
and the lower spring 72 made of a metal material. When a current is
supplied to the coil 40, the coil 40 can act with the magnetic
field of the magnets 60 to generate an electromagnetic force to
move the holder 30 and the lens therein along the Z axis with
respect to the frame 50. For example, the four magnets 60 may
comprise at least one multipolar magnet which is used to
electromagnetically act with the coil 40 to move the holder 30 and
the lens along the optical axis O so as to perform image
focusing.
[0028] Moreover, the outer peripheral portions of the upper and
lower springs 70 and 72 are respectively connected to the upper and
lower sides of the frame 50, and the inner peripheral portions of
the upper and lower springs 70 and 72 are respectively connected to
the upper and lower sides of the holder 30, so that the holder 30
can be suspended in the frame 50.
[0029] The circuit board 80, such as a flexible printed circuit
board (FPC), is affixed to the base 20 by adhesion, for example. In
this embodiment, the circuit board 80 is electrically connected to
a driving unit (not shown) placed outside the electromagnetic
driving module 2 to perform OIS and AF functions.
[0030] One end of the four suspension wires 74 is affixed to the
circuit board 80 and the other end is connected to the upper spring
70, so that the suspension wires 74 can suspend the frame 50 and
the holder 30 therein in the housing F. The suspension wires 74 may
comprise a metal material.
[0031] The driving board 90 such as a printed circuit board, has
four coils (not shown) therein. The positions of the four coils in
the driving board 90 respectively correspond to the positions of
the four magnets 60 (wherein the two coils are parallel to the
X-axis direction and the other two coils are parallel to the Y-axis
direction). The driving board 90 is affixed to the circuit board 80
by adhesion, for example.
[0032] It should be realized that the circuit board 80 is provided
with wiring (not shown) for transmitting electrical signals to the
coil 40 and the coils in the driving board 90. In some embodiments,
the wiring on the circuit board 80 may be electrically connected to
the coil 40 through the suspension wires 74 and the upper spring
70, thereby controlling the movement of the holder 30 along the
optical axis O.
[0033] In this embodiment, two magnetic field sensing elements 92
are respectively mounted on two sides of the base 20 extending in
the X-axis and Y-axis directions. The two magnetic field sensing
elements 92 may be Hall effect sensors, MR sensors, or Fluxgate
sensors, electrically connected to the circuit board 80 and can be
used to learn the position offset amount of the frame 50 and the
holder 30 with respect to the base 20 in the X-axis and Y-axis
directions by detecting the magnetic field variation of the
magnetic elements 60 on the frame 50.
[0034] Furthermore, the circuit board 80 can generate electrical
signals to be transmitted to the coils in the driving board 90, and
the coils in the driving board 90 can act with the magnets 60 on
the frame 50 to generate an electromagnetic force to move the frame
50 and the holder 30 therein along a direction that is
perpendicular to the optical axis O (parallel to the XY plane) to
compensate for the position offset described above. As a result,
the OIS function is achieved.
[0035] As shown in FIG. 3, since the position of the two
electromagnetic driving modules 2 in the electromagnetic driving
system 1 is very close, magnetic interference between adjacent
magnets 60 in the two electromagnetic driving modules 2 is likely
to occur, causing the focusing speed and positioning accuracy of
the lenses to be adversely affected.
[0036] FIG. 4 shows an electromagnetic driving module 2 in
accordance with another embodiment of the invention, wherein the
electromagnetic driving module 2 can substitute for the left
electromagnetic driving module 2 of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 shows an
enlarged view of the portion C in FIG. 4. The electromagnetic
driving module 2 of FIG. 4 is different from the electromagnetic
driving module 2 of FIG. 3 in that a film L1 is further disposed in
the electromagnetic driving module 2. The film L1 may comprise
ferromagnetic material with high magnetic permeability, which can
be directly formed on an inner surface of the frame 50 by
electroplating, evaporation coating, sputtering or molded
interconnect device (MID) technology.
[0037] It should be noted that, as the film L1 is located between
the frame 50 and the magnet 60, magnetic interference between the
magnet 60 and a magnetic element outside the electromagnetic
driving module 2 (such as the magnet 60 in another electromagnetic
driving module 2) can be reduced. In an exemplary embodiment, the
frame 50 may comprise metal or plastic material, and the film L1
may comprise Fe, Ni, Co or an alloy thereof.
[0038] In this embodiment, the magnetic permeability of the film L1
is higher than the magnetic permeability of the frame 50 (first
member). As the frame 50 and the film L1 have different magnetic
permeabilities and are arranged on the outer side of the magnet 60,
the magnet 60 can be protected from being magnetically interfered
with by a magnetic element outside the electromagnetic driving
module 2 (such as the magnet disposed in the right electromagnetic
driving module 2 of FIG. 3), so as to improve the focusing speed
and positioning accuracy of the electromagnetic driving module.
[0039] Referring to FIG. 6, the film L1 of another embodiment may
be formed on an outer surface of the frame 50 by electroplating,
evaporation coating, sputtering or molded interconnect device (MID)
technology. As the frame 50 and the film L1 have different magnetic
permeabilities and are arranged on the outer side of the magnet 60,
the magnet 60 can be protected from being magnetically interfered
with by the magnetic element outside the electromagnetic driving
module 2.
[0040] Referring to FIG. 7, in another embodiment of the
electromagnetic driving module, two films L1 are respectively
formed on the inner and outer surfaces of the frame 50. As the
frame 50 and the films L1 have different magnetic permeabilities
and are arranged on the outer side of the magnet 60 in a sandwiched
manner, the magnet 60 can be protected from being magnetically
interfered with by the magnetic element outside the electromagnetic
driving module 2, so as to improve the focusing speed and
positioning accuracy of the electromagnetic driving module.
[0041] Referring to FIG. 8, in another embodiment, two multilayer
electromagnetic insulating structures are respectively formed on
the inner and outer surfaces of the frame 50. As shown in FIG. 8,
besides the film L1, each of the multilayer electromagnetic
insulating structures further comprises a film L2 and a middle
layer L3 between the films L1 and L2, wherein the magnetic
permeability of the films L1 and L2 is higher than the magnetic
permeability of the middle layer L3. In an exemplary embodiment,
the middle layer L3 may comprise polymer, ceramic, metal, or
diamagnetic material, such as Au, Cu, Ag, Pb, Zn or an alloy
thereof. The films L1 and L2 may comprise ferromagnetic material,
and at least one of the middle layer L3 and the films L1 and L2 can
be formed on the inner or outer surface of the frame 50 by
electroplating, evaporation coating, sputtering or molded
interconnect device (MID) technology.
[0042] In this embodiment, as the frame 50 and the two multilayer
electromagnetic insulating structures (including the films L1, L2
and the middle layer L3) have different magnetic permeabilities and
are arranged on the outer side of the magnet 60 in a sandwiched
manner, surface effect between the films L1, L2 and the middle
layer L3 in the multilayer structure can be generated to enhance
electromagnetic insulation of the electromagnetic driving module
without increasing the thickness thereof. That is, the magnet 60
can be protected from being magnetically interfered with by the
magnetic element outside the electromagnetic driving module 2, so
that the focusing speed and positioning accuracy of the
electromagnetic driving module would not be unduly influenced by
the magnetic interference.
[0043] Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the electromagnetic driving
module 2 in another embodiment may further comprise a magnetic
field sensing element HS and a magnetic element HM (such as
permanent magnet). The magnetic field sensing element HS and the
magnet 60 are affixed to the frame 50 (first member), and the
magnetic element HM and the coil 40 are affixed to the holder 30
(second member). It should be noted that the magnetic field sensing
element HS is used to detect the displacement of the magnetic
element HM, so that position offset amount of the holder 30
relative to the frame 50 along the optical axis O can be
obtained.
[0044] In this embodiment, for simplification and easy
understanding, only the relative positions of the coils 40, the
magnets 60, the films L1, the magnetic field sensing element HS,
and the magnetic element HM are depicted in FIGS. 9 and 10. In
practice, the magnetic field sensing element HS may be disposed on
the holder 30, and correspondingly, the magnetic element HM may be
disposed on the frame 50, so as to detect the relative displacement
between the holder 30 and the frame 50 along the optical axis
O.
[0045] When viewed along the Z axis (the optical axis O), as
clearly shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the magnetic field sensing element
HS and the magnetic element HM are located at a corner of the coil
40 and between two adjacent magnets 60. Additionally, two films L1
are respectively formed on the two adjacent magnets 60 to insulate
against magnetic interference between the magnets 60 and the
magnetic element HM. In an exemplary embodiment, the magnetic
permeability of the films L1 is different from the magnetic
permeability of magnets 60, and the films L1 can be directly formed
on the magnets 60 by electroplating, evaporation coating,
sputtering or molded interconnect device (MID) technology.
[0046] It should be noted that each of the magnets 60 may have a
cuboid structure, wherein the films L1 are respectively disposed at
an end of the magnets 60 and extended on at least two adjacent
surfaces of the cuboid structures. As shown in FIG. 10, the film L1
may cover an end surface of the magnet 60 to efficiently insulate
against magnetic interference between the magnets 60 and the
magnetic element HM.
[0047] Referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, the film L1 may also be
directly formed on the inner or outer surface of the top casing 10,
and the position of the film L1 corresponds to the magnet 60 in the
top casing 10. Thus, the magnet 60 can be protected from being
magnetically interfered with by the magnetic element outside the
electromagnetic driving module 2. In an exemplary embodiment, the
top casing may comprise metal or plastic material, and the magnetic
permeability of the film L1 is different from the magnetic
permeability of the top casing 10, wherein the film L1 can be
directly formed on the top casing 10 by electroplating, evaporation
coating, sputtering or molded interconnect device (MID)
technology.
[0048] In summary, at least one film is provided in the
electromagnetic driving module according to the aforementioned
embodiments, wherein the film may comprise ferromagnetic material
with high magnetic permeability and can be directly formed on the
magnet, the frame or the top casing by electroplating, evaporation
coating, sputtering or molded interconnect device (MID) technology.
Thus, the magnet "inside" the electromagnetic driving module can be
protected from being magnetically interfered with by the magnetic
element "outside" the electromagnetic driving module (such as the
magnet 60 disposed in a movable mechanism of the right
electromagnetic driving module 2 in FIG. 3). Additionally, the film
may also be used to protect the magnet "inside" the electromagnetic
driving module from being magnetically interfered with by another
magnetic element which is also "inside" the electromagnetic driving
module (such as the magnetic element HM in FIGS. 9 and 10), so as
to improve the focusing speed and positioning accuracy of the
electromagnetic driving module.
[0049] Although embodiments of the present disclosure and their
advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood
that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made
herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the
disclosure as defined by the appended claims. For example, it will
be readily understood by those skilled in the art that many of the
features, functions, processes, and materials described herein may
be varied while remaining within the scope of the present
disclosure. Moreover, the scope of the present application is not
intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the
process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means,
methods and steps described in the specification. As one of
ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the
disclosure of the present disclosure, processes, machines,
manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps,
presently existing or later to be developed, that perform
substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same
result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may be
utilized according to the present disclosure. Accordingly, the
appended claims are intended to include within their scope such
processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means,
methods, or steps. In addition, each claim constitutes a separate
embodiment, and the combination of various claims and embodiments
are within the scope of the disclosure.
[0050] While the invention has been described by way of example and
in terms of preferred embodiment, it should be understood that the
invention is not limited thereto. On the contrary, it is intended
to cover various modifications and similar arrangements (as would
be apparent to those skilled in the art). Therefore, the scope of
the appended claims should be accorded the broadest interpretation
to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.
* * * * *